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Fabbri M, Rascol O, Foltynie T, Carroll C, Postuma RB, Porcher R, Corvol JC. Advantages and Challenges of Platform Trials for Disease Modifying Therapies in Parkinson's Disease. Mov Disord 2024. [PMID: 38925541 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditional drug development in Parkinson's disease (PD) faces significant challenges because of its protracted timeline and high costs. In response, innovative master protocols are emerging and designed to address multiple research questions within a single overarching protocol. These trials may offer advantages such as increased efficiency, agility in adding new treatment arms, and potential cost savings. However, they also present organizational, methodological, funding, regulatory, and sponsorship challenges. We review the potential of master protocols, focusing on platform trials, for disease modifying therapies in PD. These trials share a common control group and allow for the termination or addition of treatment arms during a trial with non-predetermined end. Specific issues exist for a platform trial in the PD field considering the heterogeneity of patients in terms of phenotype, genotype and staging, the confounding effects of symptomatic treatments, and the choice of outcome measures with no consensus on a non-clinical biomarker to serve as a surrogate and the slowness of PD progression. We illustrate these aspects using the examples of the main PD platform trials currently in development with each one targeting distinct goals, populations, and outcomes. Overall, platform trials hold promise in expediting the evaluation of potential therapies for PD. However, it remains to be proven whether these theoretical benefits will translate into increased production of high-quality trial data. Success also depends on the willingness of pharmaceutical companies to engage in such trials and whether this approach will ultimately hasten the identification and licensing of effective disease-modifying drugs. © 2024 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Fabbri
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Neurosciences, Clinical Investigation Center CIC1436, Toulouse Parkinson Expert Center, Toulouse NeuroToul Center of Excellence in Neurodegeneration (COEN), French NS-Park/F-CRIN Network, University of Toulouse 3, CHU of Toulouse, INSERM, Toulouse, France
| | - Olivier Rascol
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Neurosciences, Clinical Investigation Center CIC1436, Toulouse Parkinson Expert Center, Toulouse NeuroToul Center of Excellence in Neurodegeneration (COEN), French NS-Park/F-CRIN Network, University of Toulouse 3, CHU of Toulouse, INSERM, Toulouse, France
| | - Tom Foltynie
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Camille Carroll
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Ronald B Postuma
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Raphael Porcher
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Jean Christophe Corvol
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau-Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Inserm, CNRS, Department of Neurology, CIC Neurosciences, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, French NS-Park/F-CRIN Network, Paris, France
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Bayram E, Banks SJ. Risk of impairment in cognitive instrumental activities of daily living for sexual and gender minority adults with reported Parkinson's disease. Clin Neuropsychol 2024:1-22. [PMID: 38741341 DOI: 10.1080/13854046.2024.2350096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the risk of impairment in cognitive instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) for people with Parkinson's (PwP) identifying as sexual and/or gender minorities (SGM). Method: Data were obtained from Fox Insight, an online, longitudinal study with self/informant-report questionnaires from PwP and people without Parkinson's. Groups consisted of PwP without cognitive IADL impairment at baseline, identifying as (1) SGM with female sex assigned at birth (SGM-F, n = 75); (2) cisgender, heterosexual with female sex assigned at birth (CH-F, n = 2046); (3) SGM with male sex assigned at birth (SGM-M, n = 84); (4) cisgender, heterosexual with male sex assigned at birth (CH-M, n = 2056). Impairment in cognitive IADL was based on Penn Parkinson's Daily Activities Questionnaire-15 (PDAQ-15). Group differences for PDAQ-15 and impairment likelihood during follow-up were assessed with unadjusted models and adjusting for variables that differed between the groups. Results: SGM-F were the youngest at Parkinson's diagnosis; SGM-M had the lowest PDAQ-15 at baseline (p ≤ .014 for all). Scores declined more for males than females in unadjusted and adjusted models (p < .001 for both). In unadjusted models, SGM-M had a higher impairment risk than PwP identifying as cisgender and heterosexual (p ≤ .018). In adjusted models, females had a lower impairment risk than males (p < .001). Age, education, and discrimination level were significant moderators (p < .001 for all). Conclusions: SGM-M can be at a higher risk for impairment in cognitive IADL, associated with social determinants. Female sex assigned at birth may be associated with a lower level of impairment risk, although this advantage can disappear with social determinants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ece Bayram
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sarah J Banks
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Marano N, Lindell AK. Does the side of onset influence symptom severity in Parkinson's disease? A systematic review and meta-analysis. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. ADULT 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38640454 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2024.2338803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative movement disorder characterized by motor symptoms that initially manifest unilaterally. Whilst some studies indicate that right-side onset is associated with greater symptom severity, others report no differences between right-side and left-side onset patients. The present meta-analysis was thus designed to reconcile inconsistencies in the literature and determine whether side of onset affects PD symptom severity. Following the PRISMA guidelines 1013 studies were initially identified in database and grey literature searches; following title and abstract, and full text, screening 34 studies met the stringent inclusion criteria (n = 2210). Results of the random-effects meta-analysis indicated no difference in symptom severity between PD patients with left-side (n = 1104) and right-side (n = 1106) onset. As such, the meta-analysis suggests that the side of onset should not be used to predict symptom trajectory or to formulate prognoses for PD patients. The current meta-analysis was the first to focus on the relationship between the side of onset and symptom severity in PD. However, the studies included were limited by the common exclusion of left-handed participants. Future research would benefit from exploring other factors that may influence symptom severity and disease progression in PD, such as asymmetric loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Marano
- Department of Psychology, Counselling and Therapy, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Annukka K Lindell
- Department of Psychology, Counselling and Therapy, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Doskas T, Vadikolias K, Ntoskas K, Vavougios GD, Tsiptsios D, Stamati P, Liampas I, Siokas V, Messinis L, Nasios G, Dardiotis E. Neurocognitive Impairment and Social Cognition in Parkinson's Disease Patients. Neurol Int 2024; 16:432-449. [PMID: 38668129 PMCID: PMC11054167 DOI: 10.3390/neurolint16020032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
In addition to motor symptoms, neurocognitive impairment (NCI) affects patients with prodromal Parkinson's disease (PD). NCI in PD ranges from subjective cognitive complaints to dementia. The purpose of this review is to present the available evidence of NCI in PD and highlight the heterogeneity of NCI phenotypes as well as the range of factors that contribute to NCI onset and progression. A review of publications related to NCI in PD up to March 2023 was performed using PubMed/Medline. There is an interconnection between the neurocognitive and motor symptoms of the disease, suggesting a common underlying pathophysiology as well as an interconnection between NCI and non-motor symptoms, such as mood disorders, which may contribute to confounding NCI. Motor and non-motor symptom evaluation could be used prognostically for NCI onset and progression in combination with imaging, laboratory, and genetic data. Additionally, the implications of NCI on the social cognition of afflicted patients warrant its prompt management. The etiology of NCI onset and its progression in PD is multifactorial and its effects are equally grave as the motor effects. This review highlights the importance of the prompt identification of subjective cognitive complaints in PD patients and NCI management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Triantafyllos Doskas
- Department of Neurology, Athens Naval Hospital, 11521 Athens, Greece;
- Department of Neurology, General University Hospital of Alexandroupoli, 68100 Alexandroupoli, Greece; (K.V.); (D.T.)
| | - Konstantinos Vadikolias
- Department of Neurology, General University Hospital of Alexandroupoli, 68100 Alexandroupoli, Greece; (K.V.); (D.T.)
| | | | - George D. Vavougios
- Department of Neurology, Athens Naval Hospital, 11521 Athens, Greece;
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cyprus, 1678 Lefkosia, Cyprus
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Tsiptsios
- Department of Neurology, General University Hospital of Alexandroupoli, 68100 Alexandroupoli, Greece; (K.V.); (D.T.)
| | - Polyxeni Stamati
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (P.S.); (I.L.); (V.S.); (E.D.)
| | - Ioannis Liampas
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (P.S.); (I.L.); (V.S.); (E.D.)
| | - Vasileios Siokas
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (P.S.); (I.L.); (V.S.); (E.D.)
| | - Lambros Messinis
- School of Psychology, Laboratory of Neuropsychology and Behavioural Neuroscience, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Grigorios Nasios
- Department of Speech and Language Therapy, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - Efthimios Dardiotis
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (P.S.); (I.L.); (V.S.); (E.D.)
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Brazdis RM, von Zimmermann C, Lenz B, Kornhuber J, Mühle C. Peripheral Upregulation of Parkinson's Disease-Associated Genes Encoding α-Synuclein, β-Glucocerebrosidase, and Ceramide Glucosyltransferase in Major Depression. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3219. [PMID: 38542193 PMCID: PMC10970259 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25063219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to the high comorbidity of Parkinson's disease (PD) with major depressive disorder (MDD) and the involvement of sphingolipids in both conditions, we investigated the peripheral expression levels of three primarily PD-associated genes: α-synuclein (SNCA), lysosomal enzyme β-glucocerebrosidase (GBA1), and UDP-glucose ceramide glucosyltransferase (UGCG) in a sex-balanced MDD cohort. Normalized gene expression was determined by quantitative PCR in patients suffering from MDD (unmedicated n = 63, medicated n = 66) and controls (remitted MDD n = 39, healthy subjects n = 61). We observed that expression levels of SNCA (p = 0.036), GBA1 (p = 0.014), and UGCG (p = 0.0002) were higher in currently depressed patients compared to controls and remitted patients, and expression of GBA1 and UGCG decreased in medicated patients during three weeks of therapy. Additionally, in subgroups, expression was positively correlated with the severity of depression and anxiety. Furthermore, we identified correlations between the gene expression levels and PD-related laboratory parameters. Our findings suggest that SNCA, GBA1, and UGCG analysis could be instrumental in the search for biomarkers of MDD and in understanding the overlapping pathological mechanisms underlying neuro-psychiatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razvan-Marius Brazdis
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (R.-M.B.); (B.L.); (J.K.)
| | - Claudia von Zimmermann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (R.-M.B.); (B.L.); (J.K.)
| | - Bernd Lenz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (R.-M.B.); (B.L.); (J.K.)
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health (CIMH), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (R.-M.B.); (B.L.); (J.K.)
| | - Christiane Mühle
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (R.-M.B.); (B.L.); (J.K.)
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Fekonja Z, Irgolič N, Vrbnjak D. Family members' experiences of everyday caregiving for a family member living with Parkinson's disease: a qualitative thematic analysis study. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:98. [PMID: 38321424 PMCID: PMC10845758 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-01767-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the daily life of individuals living with Parkinson's disease, their loved ones are crucial. Adapting family members to the patient's condition, support in providing care, and psychosocial adaptations is essential. AIM To explore family members' perception of everyday caregiving for a family member living with Parkinson's disease and to describe their role in the care and everyday life. METHODS In a descriptive, qualitative thematic analysis study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten people between the ages of 20 and 70, the closest family members of people living with Parkinson's disease. The analysis of the collected data was carried out using thematic analysis. RESULTS We generated the main theme: "Living with a family member with Parkinson's disease", with associated secondary-level sub-themes: "Response", "Change", "Care", and "Support". Family members of individuals living with Parkinson's disease frequently encounter similar life situations. The most notable transformation in their daily lives primarily revolves around adapting to various activities. CONCLUSIONS Family members are the ones who most often take on the role of caregiver and provide help to their loved ones. Many of them accept the disease as a part of everyday life and learn to live with it. It is of fundamental importance that we offer family members the necessary support, knowledge, and involvement in holistic treatment and care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zvonka Fekonja
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Maribor, Žitna Ulica 15, 2000, Maribor, SI, Slovenia.
| | - Nadja Irgolič
- Dom Danice Vogrinec Maribor, Unit Tabor, Čufarjeva Cesta 9, 2000, Maribor, SI, Slovenia
| | - Dominika Vrbnjak
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Maribor, Žitna Ulica 15, 2000, Maribor, SI, Slovenia
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Seger A, Ophey A, Doppler CEJ, Kickartz J, Lindner MS, Hommelsen M, Fink GR, Sommerauer M. Clinical subtypes in patients with isolated REM sleep behaviour disorder. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2023; 9:155. [PMID: 37978183 PMCID: PMC10656506 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-023-00598-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) show a broad heterogeneity in clinical presentation, and subtypes may already arise in prodromal disease stages. Isolated REM sleep behaviour disorder (iRBD) is the most specific marker of prodromal PD, but data on clinical subtyping of patients with iRBD remain scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to identify iRBD subtypes. We conducted comprehensive clinical assessments in 66 patients with polysomnography-proven iRBD, including motor and non-motor evaluations, and applied a two-step cluster analysis. Besides, we compared iRBD clusters to matched healthy controls and related the resulting cluster solution to cortical and subcortical grey matter volumes by voxel-based morphometry analysis. We identified two distinct subtypes of patients based on olfactory function, dominant electroencephalography frequency, amount of REM sleep without atonia, depressive symptoms, disease duration, and motor functions. One iRBD cluster (Cluster I, late onset-aggressive) was characterised by higher non-motor symptom burden despite shorter disease duration than the more benign subtype (Cluster II, early onset-benign). Motor functions were comparable between the clusters. Patients from Cluster I were significantly older at iRBD onset and exhibited a widespread reduction of cortical grey matter volume compared to patients from Cluster II. In conclusion, our findings suggest the existence of clinical subtypes already in the prodromal stage of PD. Future longitudinal studies are warranted that replicate these findings and investigate the risk of the more aggressive phenotype for earlier phenoconversion and dementia development.
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Grants
- M. Sommerauer received grants from the Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung (grant number 2019_EKES.02), and the Koeln Fortune Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne (grant number 453/2018, 343/2020, and 466/2020). MS is receiving funding from the program " Netzwerke 2021", an initiative of the Ministry of Culture and Science of the State of Northrhine Westphalia.
- A. Ophey received a grant from the Koeln Fortune Program (grant-no. 329/2021), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, and the “Novartis-Stiftung für therapeutische Forschung”, both outside the submitted work.
- C. E. J. Doppler received grants from the Clinician Scientist Program (CCSP), funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG, FI 773/15-1).
- G. R. Fink receives royalties from the publication of the books Funktionelle MRT in Psychiatrie und Neurologie, Neurologische Differentialdiagnose, and SOP Neurologie and received honoraria for speaking engagements from Forum für medizinische Fortbildung FomF GmbH as well as grants from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation), Project-ID 431549029, SFB 1451.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Seger
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology, Cologne, Germany
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Anja Ophey
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Medical Psychology | Neuropsychology and Gender Studies & Center for Neuropsychological Diagnostics and Interventions (CeNDI), Cologne, Germany
| | - Christopher E J Doppler
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology, Cologne, Germany
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Johanna Kickartz
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marie-Sophie Lindner
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology, Cologne, Germany
| | - Maximilian Hommelsen
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Gereon R Fink
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology, Cologne, Germany
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Michael Sommerauer
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology, Cologne, Germany.
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
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Kim H, Shulman LM, Shakya S, Gruber-Baldini A. The effects of medical comorbidity, cognition, and age on patient-reported outcomes in Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2023; 116:105892. [PMID: 37837675 PMCID: PMC10841750 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2023.105892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to compare the independent contributions of medical comorbidity, cognition, and age on patient-reported outcomes in Parkinson's disease (PD). METHODS 572 PD patients completed the Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS®)-29 v2.0 Profile (physical function, anxiety, depression, fatigue, sleep disturbance, satisfaction with participation in social roles, pain interference) and PROMIS Global Health (mental health and physical health) scales. Comorbidity was measured with the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale-Geriatric (CIRS-G) and cognition with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Multiple regression models examined the 9 PROMIS measures as predicted by comorbidity, cognition, and age, adjusting for demographic and clinical characteristics (UPDRS and disease duration). RESULTS Comorbidity was associated with poorer outcomes in all nine PROMIS domains. Cognition was associated with two of nine domains: physical function and anxiety. Age was associated with five domains: anxiety, depression, sleep disturbance, satisfaction with participation in social roles, and global mental health. Comorbidity showed greater effects on all nine domains than cognition or age (higher standardized beta coefficients). CONCLUSION Medical comorbidity, cognition, and age have different impacts on patient-reported outcomes in PD. Medical comorbidity has a greater impact than either cognition or age on a range of patient-reported physical and mental health domains. Medical comorbidity is an important contributor to the patient's perspective of their physical and mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haesung Kim
- Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lisa M Shulman
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sunita Shakya
- Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ann Gruber-Baldini
- Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Nassar A, Satarker S, Gurram PC, Upadhya D, Fayaz SM, Nampoothiri M. Repressor Element-1 Binding Transcription Factor (REST) as a Possible Epigenetic Regulator of Neurodegeneration and MicroRNA-Based Therapeutic Strategies. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:5557-5577. [PMID: 37326903 PMCID: PMC10471693 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03437-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders (NDD) have grabbed significant scientific consideration due to their fast increase in prevalence worldwide. The specific pathophysiology of the disease and the amazing changes in the brain that take place as it advances are still the top issues of contemporary research. Transcription factors play a decisive role in integrating various signal transduction pathways to ensure homeostasis. Disruptions in the regulation of transcription can result in various pathologies, including NDD. Numerous microRNAs and epigenetic transcription factors have emerged as candidates for determining the precise etiology of NDD. Consequently, understanding by what means transcription factors are regulated and how the deregulation of transcription factors contributes to neurological dysfunction is important to the therapeutic targeting of pathways that they modulate. RE1-silencing transcription factor (REST) also named neuron-restrictive silencer factor (NRSF) has been studied in the pathophysiology of NDD. REST was realized to be a part of a neuroprotective element with the ability to be tuned and influenced by numerous microRNAs, such as microRNAs 124, 132, and 9 implicated in NDD. This article looks at the role of REST and the influence of various microRNAs in controlling REST function in the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Huntington's disease (HD) disease. Furthermore, to therapeutically exploit the possibility of targeting various microRNAs, we bring forth an overview of drug-delivery systems to modulate the microRNAs regulating REST in NDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajmal Nassar
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Sairaj Satarker
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Prasada Chowdari Gurram
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Dinesh Upadhya
- Centre for Molecular Neurosciences, Kasturba Medical College Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - S M Fayaz
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Madhavan Nampoothiri
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
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10
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Bosco F, Ruga S, Citraro R, Leo A, Guarnieri L, Maiuolo J, Oppedisano F, Macrì R, Scarano F, Nucera S, Bava I, Palma E, Muscoli C, Hancke J, De Sarro G, Mollace V. The Effects of Andrographis paniculata (Burm.F.) Wall. Ex Nees and Andrographolide on Neuroinflammation in the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Nutrients 2023; 15:3428. [PMID: 37571363 PMCID: PMC10421033 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) affect millions of people worldwide, and to date, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases are the most common NDs. Of the many risk factors for neurodegeneration, the aging process has the most significant impact, to the extent that it is tempting to consider neurodegenerative disease as a manifestation of accelerated aging. However, genetic and environmental factors determine the course of neurodegenerative disease progression. It has been proposed that environmental stimuli influence neuroplasticity. Some clinical studies have shown that healthy lifestyles and the administration of nutraceuticals containing bioactive molecules possessing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties have a preventive impact or mitigate symptoms in previously diagnosed patients. Despite ongoing research efforts, the therapies currently used for the treatment of NDs provide only marginal therapeutic benefits; therefore, the focus is now directly on the search for natural products that could be valuable tools in combating these diseases, including the natural compound Andrographis paniculata (Ap) and its main constituent, andrographolide (Andro). Preclinical studies have shown that the aqueous extract of Ap can modulate neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative responses, reducing inflammatory markers and oxidative stress in various NDs. Therefore, in this review, we will focus on the molecular mechanisms by which Ap and Andro can modulate the processes of neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation, which are significant causes of neuronal death and cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Bosco
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food, Safety, and Health (IRC-FSH), University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (S.R.); (F.O.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (I.B.); (E.P.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.C.); (A.L.); (G.D.S.)
| | - Stefano Ruga
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food, Safety, and Health (IRC-FSH), University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (S.R.); (F.O.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (I.B.); (E.P.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Rita Citraro
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.C.); (A.L.); (G.D.S.)
- Research Center FAS@UMG, Science of Health Department, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Leo
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.C.); (A.L.); (G.D.S.)
- Research Center FAS@UMG, Science of Health Department, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Lorenza Guarnieri
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.C.); (A.L.); (G.D.S.)
| | - Jessica Maiuolo
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biology, IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Nutraceutical, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Francesca Oppedisano
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food, Safety, and Health (IRC-FSH), University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (S.R.); (F.O.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (I.B.); (E.P.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Roberta Macrì
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food, Safety, and Health (IRC-FSH), University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (S.R.); (F.O.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (I.B.); (E.P.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Federica Scarano
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food, Safety, and Health (IRC-FSH), University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (S.R.); (F.O.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (I.B.); (E.P.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Saverio Nucera
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food, Safety, and Health (IRC-FSH), University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (S.R.); (F.O.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (I.B.); (E.P.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Irene Bava
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food, Safety, and Health (IRC-FSH), University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (S.R.); (F.O.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (I.B.); (E.P.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Ernesto Palma
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food, Safety, and Health (IRC-FSH), University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (S.R.); (F.O.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (I.B.); (E.P.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Carolina Muscoli
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food, Safety, and Health (IRC-FSH), University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (S.R.); (F.O.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (I.B.); (E.P.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | | | - Giovambattista De Sarro
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.C.); (A.L.); (G.D.S.)
- Research Center FAS@UMG, Science of Health Department, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food, Safety, and Health (IRC-FSH), University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (S.R.); (F.O.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (I.B.); (E.P.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
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11
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Wearn A, Raket LL, Collins DL, Spreng RN. Longitudinal changes in hippocampal texture from healthy aging to Alzheimer's disease. Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcad195. [PMID: 37465755 PMCID: PMC10351670 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Early detection of Alzheimer's disease is essential to develop preventive treatment strategies. Detectible change in brain volume emerges relatively late in the pathogenic progression of disease, but microstructural changes caused by early neuropathology may cause subtle changes in the MR signal, quantifiable using texture analysis. Texture analysis quantifies spatial patterns in an image, such as smoothness, randomness and heterogeneity. We investigated whether the MRI texture of the hippocampus, an early site of Alzheimer's disease pathology, is sensitive to changes in brain microstructure before the onset of cognitive impairment. We also explored the longitudinal trajectories of hippocampal texture across the Alzheimer's continuum in relation to hippocampal volume and other biomarkers. Finally, we assessed the ability of texture to predict future cognitive decline, over and above hippocampal volume. Data were acquired from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. Texture was calculated for bilateral hippocampi on 3T T1-weighted MRI scans. Two hundred and ninety-three texture features were reduced to five principal components that described 88% of total variance within cognitively unimpaired participants. We assessed cross-sectional differences in these texture components and hippocampal volume between four diagnostic groups: cognitively unimpaired amyloid-β- (n = 406); cognitively unimpaired amyloid-β+ (n = 213); mild cognitive impairment amyloid-β+ (n = 347); and Alzheimer's disease dementia amyloid-β+ (n = 202). To assess longitudinal texture change across the Alzheimer's continuum, we used a multivariate mixed-effects spline model to calculate a 'disease time' for all timepoints based on amyloid PET and cognitive scores. This was used as a scale on which to compare the trajectories of biomarkers, including volume and texture of the hippocampus. The trajectories were modelled in a subset of the data: cognitively unimpaired amyloid-β- (n = 345); cognitively unimpaired amyloid-β+ (n = 173); mild cognitive impairment amyloid-β+ (n = 301); and Alzheimer's disease dementia amyloid-β+ (n = 161). We identified a difference in texture component 4 at the earliest stage of Alzheimer's disease, between cognitively unimpaired amyloid-β- and cognitively unimpaired amyloid-β+ older adults (Cohen's d = 0.23, Padj = 0.014). Differences in additional texture components and hippocampal volume emerged later in the disease continuum alongside the onset of cognitive impairment (d = 0.30-1.22, Padj < 0.002). Longitudinal modelling of the texture trajectories revealed that, while most elements of texture developed over the course of the disease, noise reduced sensitivity for tracking individual textural change over time. Critically, however, texture provided additional information than was provided by volume alone to more accurately predict future cognitive change (d = 0.32-0.63, Padj < 0.0001). Our results support the use of texture as a measure of brain health, sensitive to Alzheimer's disease pathology, at a time when therapeutic intervention may be most effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfie Wearn
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 2B4
| | - Lars Lau Raket
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund SE-221 00, Sweden
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Søborg 2860, Denmark
| | - D Louis Collins
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 2B4
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 2B4
| | - R Nathan Spreng
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 2B4
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 2B4
- Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 2B4
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Verdun, QC, Canada H4H 1R3
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12
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Chen Q, Scherbaum R, Gold R, Pitarokoili K, Mosig A, Zella S, Tönges L. Data-driven subtyping of Parkinson's disease: comparison of current methodologies and application to the Bochum PNS cohort. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2023; 130:763-776. [PMID: 37000269 PMCID: PMC10199871 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-023-02627-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
Considerable efforts have been made to better describe and identify Parkinson's disease (PD) subtypes. Cluster analyses have been proposed as an unbiased development approach for PD subtypes that could facilitate their identification, tracking of progression, and evaluation of therapeutic responses. A data-driven clustering analysis was applied to a PD cohort of 114 subjects enrolled at St. Josef-Hospital of the Ruhr University in Bochum (Germany). A wide spectrum of motor and non-motor scores including polyneuropathy-related measures was included into the analysis. K-means and hierarchical agglomerative clustering were performed to identify PD subtypes. Silhouette and Calinski-Harabasz Score Elbow were then employed as supporting evaluation metrics for determining the optimal number of clusters. Principal Component Analysis (PCA), analysis of variance (ANOVA), and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were conducted to determine the relevance of each score for the clusters' definition. Three PD cluster subtypes were identified: early onset mild type, intermediate type, and late-onset severe type. The between-cluster analysis consistently showed highly significant differences (P < 0.01), except for one of the scores measuring polyneuropathy (Neuropathy Disability Score; P = 0.609) and Levodopa dosage (P = 0.226). Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39), Non-motor Symptom Questionnaire (NMSQuest), and the MDS-UPDRS Part II were found to be crucial factors for PD subtype differentiation. The present analysis identifies a specific set of criteria for PD subtyping based on an extensive panel of clinical and paraclinical scores. This analysis provides a foundation for further development of PD subtyping, including k-means and hierarchical agglomerative clustering.Trial registration: DRKS00020752, February 7, 2020, retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Chen
- Department of Neurology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, 44791, Bochum, Germany
| | - Raphael Scherbaum
- Department of Neurology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, 44791, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ralf Gold
- Department of Neurology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, 44791, Bochum, Germany
- Center for Protein Diagnostics (ProDi), Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
- Immune-Mediated Neuropathies Biobank (INHIBIT), Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Kalliopi Pitarokoili
- Department of Neurology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, 44791, Bochum, Germany
- Immune-Mediated Neuropathies Biobank (INHIBIT), Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Axel Mosig
- Center for Protein Diagnostics (ProDi), Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
- Bioinformatics Group, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Samis Zella
- Department of Neurology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, 44791, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Landschaftsverband Rheinland-Klinik (LVR-Klinik), 40764, Langenfeld, Germany
- Medizinisches Zentrum für Erwachsene mit Behinderung (MZEB), Landschaftsverband Rheinland-Klinik, 40764, Langenfeld, Germany
| | - Lars Tönges
- Department of Neurology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, 44791, Bochum, Germany.
- Center for Protein Diagnostics (ProDi), Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany.
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13
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Li W, Pan X, Li M, Ling L, Zhang M, Liu Z, Zhang K, Guo J, Wang H. Impact of age on the rotenone-induced sporadic Parkinson's disease model using Drosophila melanogaster. Neurosci Lett 2023; 805:137187. [PMID: 36921666 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Rotenone, a naturally occurring toxin, has been used to induce sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD) in Drosophila melanogaster for decades. However, the age of flies varies considerably between studies in this model. To investigate the impact of age on the rotenone-induced PD model, we collected male flies at the age of 1, 5, 7, and 10 days post-eclosion, respectively. Then, flies were immediately exposed to a feeding medium supplemented with 250 μM rotenone for seven days. The motor ability of Drosophila was detected by negative geotaxis assay, and the number of dopamine (DA) neurons and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression levels were evaluated. The results showed that both the motor deficits and mortality increased with age. The flies older than five days showed typical PD features, including the loss of DA neurons, decreased TH expression levels, and decreased locomotive ability. However, 1-day-old flies displayed an unstable motor deficit and little TH expression changes after seven days of rotenone exposure. Lastly, after 7 days of exposure to rotenone, the death rate of flies rapidly increased with increasing starting age. The death rates of 1-, 5-, 7-, and 10-days old flies were 10.0%, 22.8%, 41.5%, and 50.4%, respectively. The findings of this study suggest that age is a crucial factor impacting the Drosophila PD model. This information provides a reference for the age selection to use this model for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanrui Li
- Anesthesia Department, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Xuanyi Pan
- Anesthesia Department, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Li Ling
- Anesthesia Department, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - MengMeng Zhang
- Anesthesia Department, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Ziming Liu
- Anesthesia Department, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Jiguang Guo
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Hongjie Wang
- Anesthesia Department, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China.
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Automatic and controlled attentional orienting toward emotional faces in patients with Parkinson's disease. COGNITIVE, AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2023; 23:371-382. [PMID: 36759426 PMCID: PMC10050058 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-023-01069-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative motor disorder that can associate with deficits in cognitive and emotional processing. In particular, PD has been reported to be mainly associated with defects in executive control and orienting attentional systems. The deficit in emotional processing mainly emerged in facial expression recognition. It is possible that the defects in emotional processing in PD may be secondary to other cognitive impairments, such as attentional deficits. This study was designed to systematically investigate the different weight of automatic and controlled attentional orienting mechanisms implied in emotional selective attention in PD. To address our purpose, we assessed drug-naïve PD patients and age-matched healthy controls with two dot-probe tasks that differed for stimuli duration. Automatic and controlled attentions were evaluated with stimuli lasting 100 ms and 500 ms, respectively. Furthermore, we introduced an emotion recognition task to investigate the performance in explicit emotion classification. The stimuli used in both the tasks dot-probe and emotion recognition were expressive faces displaying neutral, disgusted, fearful, and happy expressions.Our results showed that in PD patients, compared with healthy controls, there was 1) an alteration of automatic and controlled attentional orienting toward emotional faces in both the dot-probe tasks (with short and long durations), and 2) no difference in the emotion recognition task. These findings suggest that, from the early stages of the disease, PD can yield specific deficits in implicit emotion processing task (i.e., dot-probe task) despite a normal performance in explicit tasks that demand overt emotion recognition.
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15
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Gelaye Y. The status and natural impact of floriculture production in Ethiopia: a systematic review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:9066-9081. [PMID: 36437364 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24279-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ethiopia's floriculture industry is exceedingly emerging, and, currently, it ranks as the sixth largest exporter of roses worldwide and second largest in Africa. Currently, many flowers, such as rose, gypsophila, carnations, and chrysanthemum, are growing. However, floriculture farms are contributing a high level of health risks and environmental problems in Ethiopia. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to scrutinize the status and impacts of floriculture industries in Ethiopia. The floriculture division is an emerging sector in Ethiopia, and the number of farms, income, job opportunities, and diversity of flowers are increasing. However, the health risks and environmental fates of the sector are also increasing. Ethiopian floriculture farms lack waste disposal technologies and workers' protective equipment and safety, and the chemicals, plastics, and corrugated irons used in the farms are carelessly disposed everywhere. Pesticides, plastics, and fertilizers are also freely discharged into water bodies and terrestrial land, which is causing the development of health risks; aquatic life hazards; and soil, water, and air pollution. However, Ethiopia has no strong and functional system or structure to control the impacts of floriculture farms. The government and the farm owners are not thoughtful about the environmental issues, health concerns, and socioeconomic impacts of the wastes. The government lacks regular control and assessment of farms, and the farms are engaging for their profit. Nevertheless, developed countries are currently using both natural and modern technologies to manage floricultural wastes. Ethiopia should therefore suggest manageable possible approaches and sound management strategies based on the findings of the analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohannes Gelaye
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Debre Markos University, P.O. Box 269, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
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16
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Cai X, Chen Z, He C, Zhang P, Nie K, Qiu Y, Wang L, Wang L, Jing P, Zhang Y. Diffusion along perivascular spaces provides evidence interlinking compromised glymphatic function with aging in Parkinson's disease. CNS Neurosci Ther 2022; 29:111-121. [PMID: 36184792 PMCID: PMC9804035 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The aim of the study was to evaluate the glymphatic function and its related factors in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and patients with PD of different ages using the diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) method. METHODS Medical records and imaging data of 93 patients with idiopathic PD and 42 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed. The diffusivity along the perivascular spaces, projection fibers, and association fibers were calculated on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to acquire the analysis along the perivascular space (ALPS) index. RESULTS PD patients exhibited a reduced ALPS index compared with the HCs. Negative correlations between the ALPS index and clinical information including age, age at disease onset, Parkinson's disease sleep scale 2nd version (PDSS-2) scores, and history of diabetes mellitus were revealed in the PD group. Besides, a negative correlation between the ALPS index and the severity of motor symptoms was identified in the subgroup aged 65 and above, rather than in the younger ones. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrate that reduced ALPS index, a potential noninvasive measure of compromised glymphatic activity, is involved in the pathophysiology of PD, especially in the aged ones and those with sleep disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Cai
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Neuroscience Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's HospitalGuangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouChina,The Second School of Clinical MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina,Department of NeurologyShenzhen Samii Medical CenterShenzhenChina
| | - Zhenzhen Chen
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Neuroscience Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's HospitalGuangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouChina,Department of Neurology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Chentao He
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Neuroscience Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's HospitalGuangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Piao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Neuroscience Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's HospitalGuangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Kun Nie
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Neuroscience Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's HospitalGuangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Yihui Qiu
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Neuroscience Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's HospitalGuangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Limin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Neuroscience Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's HospitalGuangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Neuroscience Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's HospitalGuangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Ping Jing
- Department of Neurology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yuhu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Neuroscience Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's HospitalGuangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouChina,The Second School of Clinical MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
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17
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Lane EL, Lelos MJ. Defining the unknowns for cell therapies in Parkinson's disease. Dis Model Mech 2022; 15:dmm049543. [PMID: 36165848 PMCID: PMC9555765 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
First-in-human clinical trials have commenced to test the safety and efficacy of cell therapies for people with Parkinson's disease (PD). Proof of concept that this neural repair strategy is efficacious is based on decades of preclinical studies and clinical trials using primary foetal cells, as well as a significant literature exploring more novel stem cell-derived products. Although several measures of efficacy have been explored, including the successful in vitro differentiation of stem cells to dopamine neurons and consistent alleviation of motor dysfunction in rodent models, many unknowns still remain regarding the long-term clinical implications of this treatment strategy. Here, we consider some of these outstanding questions, including our understanding of the interaction between anti-Parkinsonian medication and the neural transplant, the impact of the cell therapy on cognitive or neuropsychiatric symptoms of PD, the role of neuroinflammation in the therapeutic process and the development of graft-induced dyskinesias. We identify questions that are currently pertinent to the field that require further exploration, and pave the way for a more holistic understanding of this neural repair strategy for treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L. Lane
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3NB, UK
| | - Mariah J. Lelos
- School of Biosciences, Museum Avenue, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK
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18
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Sun Q, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Wang S, Yang F, Cai H, Xing Y, Zhou L, Chen S. LncRNA HOTAIR promotes α-synuclein aggregation and apoptosis of SH-SY5Y cells by regulating miR-221-3p in Parkinson's disease. Exp Cell Res 2022; 417:113132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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