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Goh M, Du M, Peng WR, Saw PE, Chen Z. Advancing burn wound treatment: exploring hydrogel as a transdermal drug delivery system. Drug Deliv 2024; 31:2300945. [PMID: 38366562 PMCID: PMC10878343 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2023.2300945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Burn injuries are prevalent and life-threatening forms that contribute significantly to mortality rates due to associated wound infections. The management of burn wounds presents substantial challenges. Hydrogel exhibits tremendous potential as an ideal alternative to traditional wound dressings such as gauze. This is primarily attributed to its three-dimensional (3D) crosslinked polymer network, which possesses a high water content, fostering a moist environment that supports effective burn wound healing. Additionally, hydrogel facilitates the penetration of loaded therapeutic agents throughout the wound surface, combating burn wound pathogens through the hydration effect and thereby enhancing the healing process. However, the presence of eschar formation on burn wounds obstructs the passive diffusion of therapeutics, impairing the efficacy of hydrogel as a wound dressing, particularly in cases of severe burns involving deeper tissue damage. This review focuses on exploring the potential of hydrogel as a carrier for transdermal drug delivery in burn wound treatment. Furthermore, strategies aimed at enhancing the transdermal delivery of therapeutic agents from hydrogel to optimize burn wound healing are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- MeeiChyn Goh
- Institute of Medical Imaging, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Meng Du
- Institute of Medical Imaging, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Wang Rui Peng
- Institute of Medical Imaging, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Veterans Administration Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Phei Er Saw
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Nanhai Translational Innovation Center of Precision Immunology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Foshan, China
| | - Zhiyi Chen
- Institute of Medical Imaging, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Veterans Administration Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China
- The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China
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2
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Li X, Shi C, Zhou R, Chen X, Xu Q, Zhao C, Ma M, Ao X, Liu Y. Modified EBP-bFGF targeting endogenous renal extracellular matrix protects against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:1827-1839. [PMID: 38700258 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a life-threatening disease primarily caused by renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, which can result in renal failure. Currently, growth factor therapy is considered a promising and effective approach for AKI treatment. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), an angiogenic factor with potent activity, efficiently stimulates angiogenesis and facilitates regeneration of renal tissue. However, the unrestricted diffusion of bFGF restricts its clinical application in AKI treatment. Therefore, developing a novel sustained released system for bFGF could enhance its potential in treating AKI. In this study, we genetically engineered a multifunctional recombinant protein by fusing bFGF with a specific peptide (EBP). EBP-bFGF effectively binds to the extracellular matrix in the injured kidney, enabling slow release of bFGF in AKI. Furthermore, following orthotopic injection into I/R rats' ischemic kidneys, EBP-bFGF exhibited stable retention within the tissue. Additionally, EBP-bFGF suppressed apoptosis of renal cells, reduced renal fibrosis, and facilitated recovery of renal function. These findings suggest that EBP-bFGF delivery system represents a promising strategy for treating AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoge Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chunying Shi
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Runxue Zhou
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinhui Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qingling Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chunyige Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengyao Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiang Ao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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3
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Zhou Z, Bu Z, Wang S, Yu J, Liu W, Huang J, Hu J, Xu S, Wu P. Extracellular matrix hydrogels with fibroblast growth factor 2 containing exosomes for reconstructing skin microstructures. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:438. [PMID: 39061089 PMCID: PMC11282598 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02718-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Decellularized extracellular matrix hydrogel (ECM hydrogel), a natural material derived from normal tissue with unique biocompatibility properties, is widely used for tissue repair. However, there are still problems such as poor biological activity and insufficient antimicrobial property. To overcome these drawbacks, fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF 2) containing exosome (exoFGF 2) was prepared to increase the biological activity. Furthermore, the antimicrobial capacity of ECM hydrogel was optimised by using copper ions as a ligand-bonded cross-linking agent. The decellularized extracellular matrix hydrogel, intricately cross-linked with copper ions through ligand bonds and loaded with FGF 2 containing exosome (exoFGF 2@ECM/Cu2+ hydrogel), has demonstrated exceptional biocompatibility and antimicrobial properties. In vitro, exoFGF 2@ECM/Cu2+ hydrogel effectively promoted cell proliferation, migration, antioxidant and inhibited bacterial growth. In vivo, the wound area of rat treated with exoFGF 2@ECM/Cu2+ hydrogels were significantly smaller than that of other groups at Day 5 (45.24% ± 3.15%), Day 10 (92.20% ± 2.31%) and Day 15 (95.22% ± 1.28%). Histological examination showed that exoFGF 2@ECM/Cu2+ hydrogels promoted angiogenesis and collagen deposition. Overall, this hydrogel has the potential to inhibit bacterial growth and effectively promote wound healing in a variety of clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, PR China
| | - Ziheng Bu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, PR China
| | - Shiqiang Wang
- Department of Joint and Sports Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Jianing Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, PR China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, PR China
| | - Junchao Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, PR China
| | - Jianhai Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, PR China.
| | - Sudan Xu
- Department of Geriatric, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, PR China.
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, PR China.
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4
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Qureshi S, Alavi SE, Mohammed Y. Microsponges: Development, Characterization, and Key Physicochemical Properties. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2024; 22:229-245. [PMID: 38661260 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2023.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Microsponges are promising drug delivery carriers with versatile characteristics and controlled release properties for the delivery of a wide range of drugs. The microsponges will provide an optimized therapeutic effect, when delivered at the site of action without rupturing, then releasing the cargo at the predetermined time and area. The ability of the microsponges to effectively deliver the drug in a controlled manner depends on the material composition. This comprehensive review entails knowledge on the design parameters of an optimized microsponge drug delivery system and the controlled release properties of microsponges that reduces the side effects of drugs. Furthermore, the review delves into the fabrication techniques of microsponges, the mechanism of drug release from the microsponges, and the regulatory requirements of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the successful marketing of microsponge formulation. The review also examines the patented formulations of microsponges. The prospects of these sophisticated drug delivery systems for improved clinical outcomes are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundus Qureshi
- Department of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Seyed Ebrahim Alavi
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Yousuf Mohammed
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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5
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Syromiatnikova VY, Kvon AI, Starostina IG, Gomzikova MO. Strategies to enhance the efficacy of FGF2-based therapies for skin wound healing. Arch Dermatol Res 2024; 316:405. [PMID: 38878084 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-024-02953-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2 or bFGF) is critical for optimal wound healing. Experimental studies show that local application of FGF2 is a promising therapeutic approach to stimulate tissue regeneration, including for the treatment of chronic wounds that have a low healing potential or are characterised by a pathologically altered healing process. However, the problem of low efficiency of growth factors application due to their rapid loss of biological activity in the aggressive proteolytic environment of the wound remains. Therefore, ways to preserve the efficacy of FGF2 for wound treatment are being actively developed. This review considers the following strategies to improve the effectiveness of FGF2-based therapy: (1) use of vehicles/carriers for delivery and gradual release of FGF2; (2) chemical modification of FGF2 to increase the stability of the molecule; (3) use of genetic constructs encoding FGF2 for de novo synthesis of protein in the wound. In addition, this review discusses FGF2-based therapeutic strategies that are undergoing clinical trials and demonstrating the efficacy of FGF2 for skin wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Y Syromiatnikova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, 420008, Russia
| | - A I Kvon
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, 420008, Russia
| | - I G Starostina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, 420008, Russia
| | - M O Gomzikova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, 420008, Russia.
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Shan BH, Wu FG. Hydrogel-Based Growth Factor Delivery Platforms: Strategies and Recent Advances. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2210707. [PMID: 37009859 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202210707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Growth factors play a crucial role in regulating a broad variety of biological processes and are regarded as powerful therapeutic agents in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine in the past decades. However, their application is limited by their short half-lives and potential side effects in physiological environments. Hydrogels are identified as having the promising potential to prolong the half-lives of growth factors and mitigate their adverse effects by restricting them within the matrix to reduce their rapid proteolysis, burst release, and unwanted diffusion. This review discusses recent progress in the development of growth factor-containing hydrogels for various biomedical applications, including wound healing, brain tissue repair, cartilage and bone regeneration, and spinal cord injury repair. In addition, the review introduces strategies for optimizing growth factor release including affinity-based delivery, carrier-assisted delivery, stimuli-responsive delivery, spatial structure-based delivery, and cellular system-based delivery. Finally, the review presents current limitations and future research directions for growth factor-delivering hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bai-Hui Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
| | - Fu-Gen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
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Gu R, Zhou H, Zhang Z, Lv Y, Pan Y, Li Q, Shi C, Wang Y, Wei L. Research progress related to thermosensitive hydrogel dressings in wound healing: a review. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:6017-6037. [PMID: 37941954 PMCID: PMC10629053 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00407d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing is a dynamic and complex process in which the microenvironment at the wound site plays an important role. As a common material for wound healing, dressings accelerate wound healing and prevent external wound infections. Hydrogels have become a hot topic in wound-dressing research because of their high water content, good biocompatibility, and adjustable physical and chemical properties. Intelligent hydrogel dressings have attracted considerable attention because of their excellent environmental responsiveness. As smart polymer hydrogels, thermosensitive hydrogels can respond to small temperature changes in the environment, and their special properties make them superior to other hydrogels. This review mainly focuses on the research progress in thermosensitive intelligent hydrogel dressings for wound healing. Polymers suitable for hydrogel formation and the appropriate molecular design of the hydrogel network to achieve thermosensitive hydrogel properties are discussed, followed by the application of thermosensitive hydrogels as wound dressings. We also discuss the future perspectives of thermosensitive hydrogels as wound dressings and provide systematic theoretical support for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruting Gu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao 266000 China
| | - Haiqing Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao 266000 China
| | - Zirui Zhang
- Emergency Departments, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao 266000 China
| | - Yun Lv
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University Qingdao 266000 China
| | - Yueshuai Pan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao 266000 China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Ophthalmology Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao 266000 China
| | - Changfang Shi
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao 266000 China
| | - Yanhui Wang
- Department of Oral Implantology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao 266000 China
| | - Lili Wei
- Office of the Dean, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao 266000 China
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Nath TM, Das S, Zothanpuia, Chattopadhyay P. Investigating the effects of dermal exposure to in-vivo animal models on the riot-control properties of a powder formulation of Tragia involucrata leaf hair lining. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2023; 42:151-161. [PMID: 37427420 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2023.2227255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Riot control agents (RCAs) such as CS, CN, CR, PAVA, and OC, etc., are already in use and has produced numerous health risks, including skin burns, dermatitis, gastrointestinal issues, impairment of respiratory variables, conjunctivitis, etc., and even prolonged and repeated exposure may cause death. Therefore, there is a demand and need for non-lethal, non-toxic RCAs that can effectively control riots without resulting in fatal outcomes. This study was carried out to evaluate the health risks related to a novel formulation made from isolated Tragia involucrata leaf hair lining, that can be used as the best suitable non-lethal RCAs.Methods: According to the OECD guidelines, studies on acute dermal toxicity, dermal irritation/corrosion, and skin sensitisation were carried out. Wistar rats were used in an acute dermal toxicity study, and the results indicated no mortality, morbidity, or abnormal food-and-water intake, biochemical parameters, or histopathological examination findings. A study on dermal irritation in Rabbits produced moderate erythema and the effect was instantaneous and resolved within 72 hrs of post-exposure. A skin sensitisation test was conducted on Guinea pig.Results: The results showed that the formulation had moderate skin-sensitizing properties after the application of the challenge dose. Patchy erythema was seen, and it went away 30 hrs after the gauze patch was removed.Conclusion: The preclinical results did not produce any indication of severe toxicity which supports it to be used as a natural RCAs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trishna Mani Nath
- Department of Pharmacy, Regional Institute of Paramedical and Nursing Sciences, Aizawl, Mizoram, India
| | - Sanghita Das
- Pharmaceutical Technology, Girijananda Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tezpur, Assam, India
- Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory, Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - Zothanpuia
- Department of Pharmacy, Regional Institute of Paramedical and Nursing Sciences, Aizawl, Mizoram, India
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Das S, Saha A, Banerjee A, Goyary D, Karmakar S, Dwivedi SK, Chattopadhyay P. Toxicological evaluation of a nonlethal riot control combinational formulation upon dermal application using animal models. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2023; 42:118-130. [PMID: 37315295 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2023.2220393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Numerous adverse effects on human health have been reported in epidemiological studies of oleoresin capsicum (OC) and other riot control agents (RCAs). Importantly, the daunting risk of such RCAs can be neutralized by optimizing the desired concentration of such agents for mob dispersal. Hence, a nonlethal riot control combinational formulation (NCF) was prepared for dispersing rioters without imparting fatal outcomes. However, for desired utilization of NCF, it is essential to recognize its extent of potential toxicity. Therefore, the current investigation evaluated the dermal toxicity of NCF using experimental animals in compliance with the OECD guidelines. Additionally, few essential metal ions were analyzed and found non -significantly different in the test rats as compared to control rats. Moreover, abnormal dermal morphology and lesions ultrastructural tissue defects were not noticed as evinced by different studies like ultrasonography, histology, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively. Further, Doppler ultrasonography exhibited non-significantly different blood flow velocity in both groups, whereas miles test demonstrated a significantly increased Evans blue concentration in test rats compared to the control rats, which might be due to an initial increase in blood flow via an instant action of the NCF at the cutaneous sensory nerve endings. However, our results demonstrated NCF can produce initial skin irritating and sensitizing effects in guinea pigs and rabbits without the antecedence of acute toxicity (≤2000 mg/kg) in Wistar rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghita Das
- Defence Research Laboratory, Tezpur, India
- Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Achintya Saha
- Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
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Hemmati J, Azizi M, Asghari B, Arabestani MR. Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens in Burn Wound, Prevention, Diagnosis, and Therapeutic Approaches (Conventional Antimicrobials and Nanoparticles). THE CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES & MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY = JOURNAL CANADIEN DES MALADIES INFECTIEUSES ET DE LA MICROBIOLOGIE MEDICALE 2023; 2023:8854311. [PMID: 37521436 PMCID: PMC10386904 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8854311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant pathogens are one of the common causes of death in burn patients and have a high risk of nosocomial infections, especially pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and cellulitis. The role of prolonged hospitalization and empirical antibiotics administration in developing multidrug-resistant pathogens is undeniable. In the early days of admitting burn patients, Gram-positive bacteria were the dominant isolates with a more sensitive antibiotic pattern. However, the emergence of Gram-negative bacteria that are more resistant later occurs. Trustworthy guideline administration in burn wards is one of the strategies to prevent multidrug-resistant pathogens. Also, a multidisciplinary therapeutic approach is an effective way to avoid antibiotic resistance that involves infectious disease specialists, pharmacists, and burn surgeons. However, the emerging resistance to conventional antimicrobial approaches (such as systemic antibiotic exposure, traditional wound dressing, and topical antibiotic ointments) among burn patients has challenged the treatment of multidrug-resistant infections, and using nanoparticles is a suitable alternative. In this review article, we will discuss different aspects of multidrug-resistant pathogens in burn wounds, emphasizing the full role of these pathogens in burn wounds and discussing the application of nanotechnology in dealing with them. Also, some advances in various types of nanomaterials, including metallic nanoparticles, liposomes, hydrogels, carbon quantum dots, and solid lipid nanoparticles in burn wound healing, will be explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaber Hemmati
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Azizi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Babak Asghari
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Arabestani
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Moura RR, Brandão L, Moltrasio C, Agrelli A, Tricarico PM, Maronese CA, Crovella S, Marzano AV. Different molecular pathways are disrupted in Pyoderma gangrenosum patients and are associated with the severity of the disease. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4919. [PMID: 36966241 PMCID: PMC10039684 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31914-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare inflammatory skin disease classified within the spectrum of neutrophilic dermatoses. The pathophysiology of PG is yet incompletely understood but a prominent role of genetics facilitating immune dysregulation has been proposed. This study investigated the potential contribution of disrupted molecular pathways in determining the susceptibility and clinical severity of PG. Variant Enrichment Analysis, a bioinformatic pipeline applicable for Whole Exome Sequencing data was performed in unrelated PG patients. Eleven patients were enrolled, including 5 with unilesional and 6 with multilesional PG. Fourteen pathways were exclusively enriched in the "multilesional" group, mainly related to immune system (i.e., type I interferon signaling pathway), cell metabolism and structural functions. In the "unilesional" group, nine pathways were found to be exclusively enriched, mostly related to cell signaling and cell metabolism. Genetically altered pathways involved in immune system biology and wound repair appear to be nodal pathogenic drivers in PG pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Rodrigues Moura
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", 34137, Trieste, Italy
| | - Lucas Brandão
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Chiara Moltrasio
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Almerinda Agrelli
- Laboratory of Nanostructured Materials (LMNANO), Center for Strategic Technologies Northeastern (CETENE), Av. Prof. Luís Freire, 1-Cidade Universitária, Recife, 50740-545, Brazil
| | - Paola Maura Tricarico
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", 34137, Trieste, Italy
| | - Carlo Alberto Maronese
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Physiopathology and Transplantation, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Via Pace 9, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Biological Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, State of Qatar
| | - Angelo Valerio Marzano
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
- Department of Physiopathology and Transplantation, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Via Pace 9, 20122, Milan, Italy.
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12
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Wang L, Qu Y, Li W, Wang K, Qin S. Effects and metabolism of fish collagen sponge in repairing acute wounds of rat skin. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1087139. [PMID: 36911203 PMCID: PMC9992718 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1087139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Study the repair effect of tilapia collagen on acute wounds, and the effect on the expression level of related genes and its metabolic direction in the repair process. Materials and methods: After the full-thickness skin defect model was constructed in standard deviation rats, the wound healing effect was observed and evaluated by means of characterization, histology, and immunohistochemistry. RT-PCR, fluorescence tracer, frozen section and other techniques were used to observe the effect of fish collagen on the expression of related genes and its metabolic direction in the process of wound repair. Results: After implantation, there was no immune rejection reaction, fish collagen fused with new collagen fibers in the early stage of wound repair, and was gradually degraded and replaced by new collagen in the later stage. It has excellent performance in inducing vascular growth, promoting collagen deposition and maturation, and re-epithelialization. The results of fluorescent tracer showed that fish collagen was decomposed, and the decomposition products were involved in the wound repair process and remained at the wound site as a part of the new tissue. RT-PCR results showed that, without affecting collagen deposition, the expression level of collagen-related genes was down-regulated due to the implantation of fish collagen. Conclusion: Fish collagen has good biocompatibility and wound repair ability. It is decomposed and utilized in the process of wound repair to form new tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Key Laboratory of Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
| | - Yan Qu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Wenjun Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Song Qin
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
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Zare R, Abdolsamadi H, Soleimani Asl S, Radi S, Bahrami H, Jamshidi S. The bFGF Can Improve Angiogenesis in Oral Mucosa and Accelerate Wound Healing. Rep Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 11:547-552. [PMID: 37131895 PMCID: PMC10149123 DOI: 10.52547/rbmb.11.4.547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Background The role of the basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) has well known in the angiogenesis and ulcer healing. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of bFGF on tissue repair in a rat oral mucosal wound. Methods Musosal wound induced on the lip mucosa of rats and bFGF was injected along the edge of the mucosal defect immediately after surgery. The tissues were collected on days 3, 7 and 14 after the wound induction. The micro vessel density (MVD) and CD34 expression were done by histochemical studies. Results The bFGF significantly accelerated granulation tissue formation and MVD was increased three days after ulcer induction but decreased 14 days after surgery. The MVD was significantly higher in the bFGF-treated group. The wound area was decreased in all groups time-dependently and a statistically significant difference (p value?) was observed between the bFGF-treated group and untreated group. The wound area was smaller in the bFGF-treated group compared to the untreated group. Conclusions Our data demonstrated that bFGF can accelerated and facilitated wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Zare
- Dental Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Hamidreza Abdolsamadi
- Dental Research Center, Department of Oral Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Sara Soleimani Asl
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Endometrium and Endometriosis Research Centre, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Shahrbanoo Radi
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran.
| | | | - Shokoofeh Jamshidi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
- Corresponding author: Shokoofeh Jamshidi; Tel: +98 8131310000;
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Kim E, Ham S, Jung BK, Park JW, Kim J, Lee JH. Effect of Baicalin on Wound Healing in a Mouse Model of Pressure Ulcers. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010329. [PMID: 36613772 PMCID: PMC9820804 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most frequent comorbidities that develop in chronically ill or immobilized patients is pressure ulcers, also known as bed sores. Despite ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-induced skin lesion having been identified as a primary cause of pressure ulcers, wound management efforts have so far failed to significantly improve outcomes. Baicalin, or 5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone, is a type of flavonoid which has been shown to possess a variety of biological characteristics, including antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects and protection of I/R injury. In vitro wound scratch assay was first used to assess the function of baicalin in wound healing. We established a mouse model of advanced stage pressure ulcers with repeated cycles of I/R pressure load. In this model, topically applied baicalin (100 mg/mL) induced a significant increase in the wound healing process measured by wound area. Histological examination of the pressure ulcer mouse model showed faster granulation tissue formation and re-epithelization in the baicalin-treated group. Next, baicalin downregulated pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-1β), while upregulating the anti-inflammatory IL-10. Additionally, baicalin induced an increase in several growth factors (VEGF, FGF-2, PDGF-β, and CTGF), promoting the wound healing process. Our results suggest that baicalin could serve as a promising agent for the treatment of pressures ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunbin Kim
- Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoyoon Ham
- Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Bok Ki Jung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Park
- Department of Plastics and Reconstructive Surgery, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yongin 16995, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihee Kim
- Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Scar Laser and Plastic Surgery Center, Yonsei Cancer Hospital, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Dermatology, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yongin 16995, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (J.K.); (J.H.L.); Tel.: +82-2-2228-2080 (J.H.L.)
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Scar Laser and Plastic Surgery Center, Yonsei Cancer Hospital, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (J.K.); (J.H.L.); Tel.: +82-2-2228-2080 (J.H.L.)
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15
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Poloxam Thermosensitive Hydrogels Loaded with hFGF2-Linked Camelina Lipid Droplets Accelerate Skin Regeneration in Deep Second-Degree Burns. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232112716. [PMID: 36361508 PMCID: PMC9657430 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Burn injuries are difficult to manage due to the defect of large skin tissues, leading to major disability or even death. Human fibroblast growth factor 2 (hFGF2) is known to promote burn wound healing. However, direct administration of hFGF2 to the wound area would affect the bioactivity. To provide a supportive environment for hFGF2 and control its release in a steady fashion, in this research, we developed novel thermosensitive poloxam hydrogels delivered with hFGF2-linked Camelina lipid droplets (CLD-hFGF2 hydrogels). Cryopreserved scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicated that the incorporation of CLD-hFGF2 does not significantly affect the inner structure of hydrogels. The rheological properties showed that CLD-hFGF2 hydrogels gelated in response to temperature, thus optimizing the delivery method. In vitro, CLD-hFGF2 could be released from hydrogels for 3 days after drug delivery (the release rate was 72%), and the release solution could still promote the proliferation and migration of NIH3T3 cells. In vivo, compared with hydrogels alone or with direct CLD-hFGF2 administration, CLD-hFGF2 hydrogels had the most obvious effect on deep second-degree burn wound healing. This work indicates that CLD-hFGF2 hydrogels have potential application value in burn wound healing.
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16
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Lin ZI, Tsai HL, Liu GL, Lu XH, Cheng PW, Chi PL, Wang CK, Tsai TH, Wang CC, Yang JHC, Ko BT, Chen CK. Preparation of CO 2 -based Cationic Polycarbonate/Polyacrylonitrile Nanofibers with an Optimal Fibrous Microstructure for Antibacterial Applications. Macromol Biosci 2022; 22:e2200178. [PMID: 35902381 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Utilizing CO2 as one of the monomer resource, poly(vinylcyclohexene carbonates) (PVCHCs) are used as the precursor for preparing cationic PVCHCs (CPVCHCs) via thiol-ene click functionalization. Through the functionalization, CPVCHC-43 with a tertiary amine density of 43% relative to the backbone is able to display a significantly antibacterial ability against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Blending CPVCHC-43 with polyacrylonitrile (PAN), CPVCHC/PAN nanofiber meshes (NFMs) have been successfully prepared by electrospinning. More importantly, two crucial fibrous structural factors including CPVCHC/PAN weight ratio and fiber diameter have been systematically investigated for the effects on the antibacterial performance of the NFMs. Sequentially, a quaternization treatment has been employed on the NFMs with an optimal fibrous structure to enhance the antibacterial ability. The resulting quaternized NFMs have demonstrated the great biocidal effects against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Moreover, the excellent biocompatibility of the quaternized NFMs have also been thoroughly evaluated and verified. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Ian Lin
- Polymeric Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Han-Lin Tsai
- Division of Cardiology and Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, 60002, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Lin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Xie-Hong Lu
- Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung, 40724, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen Cheng
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, 81362, Taiwan.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ling Chi
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, 81362, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kuang Wang
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hsien Tsai
- Division of Cardiology and Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, 60002, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chia Wang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chung Cheng Institute of Technology, National Defense University, Taoyuan, 33509, Taiwan.,System Engineering and Technology Program, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Jason Hsiao Chun Yang
- Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung, 40724, Taiwan
| | - Bao-Tsan Ko
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kuang Chen
- Polymeric Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
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Ziauddin, Hussain T, Nazir A, Mahmood U, Hameed M, Ramakrishna S, Abid S. Nanoengineered therapeutic scaffolds for burn wound management. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2022; 23:1417-1435. [PMID: 35352649 DOI: 10.2174/1389201023666220329162910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wound healing is a complex process, and selecting an appropriate treatment is crucial and varies from one wound to another. Among injuries, burn wounds are more challenging to treat. Different dressings and scaffolds come into play when skin is injured. These scaffolds provide the optimum environment for wound healing. With the advancements of nanoengineering, scaffolds have been engineered to improve wound healing with lower fatality rates. OBJECTIVES Nanoengineered systems have emerged as one of the promising candidates for burn wound management. This review paper aims to provide an in-depth understanding of burn wounds and the role of nanoengineering in burn wound management. The advantages of nanoengineered scaffolds, their properties, and their proven effectiveness have been discussed. Nanoparticles and nanofibers-based nanoengineered therapeutic scaffolds provide optimum protection, infection management, and accelerated wound healing due to their unique characteristics. These scaffolds increase cell attachment and proliferation for desired results. RESULTS The literature review suggested that the utilization of nanoengineered scaffolds has accelerated burn wound healing. Nanofibers provide better cell attachment and proliferation among different nanoengineered scaffolds due to their 3D structure mimics the body's extracellular matrix. CONCLUSION With the application of these advanced nanoengineered scaffolds, better burn wound management is possible due to sustained drug delivery, better cell attachment, and an infection-free environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziauddin
- Electrospun Materials & Polymeric Membranes Research Group, National Textile University, Pakistan
| | - Tanveer Hussain
- Electrospun Materials & Polymeric Membranes Research Group, National Textile University, Pakistan
| | - Ahsan Nazir
- Electrospun Materials & Polymeric Membranes Research Group, National Textile University, Pakistan
| | - Urwa Mahmood
- Electrospun Materials & Polymeric Membranes Research Group, National Textile University, Pakistan
| | - Misbah Hameed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of pharmaceutical science, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Center for Nanofibers & Nanotechnology (CNN), National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore
| | - Sharjeel Abid
- Electrospun Materials & Polymeric Membranes Research Group, National Textile University, Pakistan
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Jin L, Liu J, Wang S, Zhao L, Li J. Evaluation of 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 loaded hydrogel for the treatment of perianal ulcer in a rat model. J Ginseng Res 2022; 46:771-779. [PMID: 36312740 PMCID: PMC9597444 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As a kind of common complication of the surgery of perianal diseases, perianal ulcer is known as a nuisance. This study aims to develop a kind of 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3)-loaded hydrogel to treat perianal ulcers in a rat model. Methods The copolymers PLGA1600-PEG1000-PLGA1600 were synthesized by ring-opening polymerization process and Rg3-loaded hydrogel was then developed. The perianal ulcer rat model was established to analyze the treatment efficacy of Rg3-loaded hydrogel for ulceration healing for 15 days. The animals were divided into control group, hydrogel group, free Rg3 group, Rg3-loaded hydrogel group, and Lidocaine Gel® group. The residual wound area rate was calculated and the blood concentrations of interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were recorded. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, Masson's Trichrome (MT) staining, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), Ki-67, CD31, ERK1/2, and NF-κB immunohistochemical staining were performed. Results The biodegradable and biocompatible hydrogel carries a homogenous interactive porous structure with 10 μm pore size and five weeks in vivo degradation time. The loaded Rg3 can be released sustainably. The in vitro cytotoxicity study showed that the hydrogel had no effect on survival rate of murine skin fibroblasts L929. The Rg3-loaded hydrogel can facilitate perianal ulcer healing by inhibiting local and systematic inflammatory responses, swelling the proliferation of nuclear cells, collagen deposition, and vascularization, and activating ERK signal pathway. Conclusion The Rg3-loaded hydrogel shows the best treatment efficacy of perianal ulcer and may be a candidate for perianal ulcer treatment.
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Gao C, Zhang L, Wang J, Cheng Y, Chen Z, Yang R, Zhao G. Coaxial structured drug loaded dressing combined with induced stem cell differentiation for enhanced wound healing. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 134:112542. [PMID: 35525764 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Controllable drug-loaded dressings combined with induced stem cell differentiation have received considerable interest. In this study, a directional core-shell drug-loaded magnetocaloric response PCL/Gelatin-Antibiotics/Fe3O4 multifunctional dressing was developed. Due to the magnetothermal heating effect of magnetic nanoparticles and the contraction of elastic electrospun fibers, the fibers release antibiotics as needed to prevent drug-resistant infection. IV collagenase catalyzes the degradation of gelatin by achieving an optimum reaction temperature, the purpose of which is also to reduce the viscosity of liquid gelatin and promote the release of drugs. With the sacrifice of gelatin, the directional structure of scaffold and the internal steric hindrance promoted stem cell differentiation and wound healing. The expression of Vimentin, VEGF, bFGF, TGF-β, and THY1 was confirmed by fluorescence immunostaining and RT-PCR. Western blot was used to detect expression of Vimentin, collagen, CD34, and CD31 in the (5/5, v/v) PCL/gelatin scaffold incubated with mouse wound. Therefore, the functional fibers can significantly accelerate the healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Chaohu Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Yue Cheng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Zhongrong Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Runhuai Yang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China.
| | - Gang Zhao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China; Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, Anhui, China.
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Hydrogels in Burn Wound Management-A Review. Gels 2022; 8:gels8020122. [PMID: 35200503 PMCID: PMC8872485 DOI: 10.3390/gels8020122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Inert hydrogels are of a great importance in burn first aid. Hydrogel dressings may be an alternative to cooling burn wounds with streaming water, especially in cases of mass casualty events, lack of clean water, hypothermia, or large extent of burns. Hydrogels that contain mostly water evacuate the heat cumulating in the skin by evaporation. They not only cool the burn wound, but also reduce pain and protect the wound area from contamination and further injuries. Hydrogels are ideally used during the first hours after injury, but as they do not have antimicrobial properties per se, they might not prevent wound infection. The hydrogel matrix enables incorporating active substances into the dressing. The active forms may contain ammonium salts, nanocrystal silver, zinc, growth factor, cytokines, or cells, as well as natural agents, such as honey or herbs. Active dressings may have antimicrobial activity or stimulate wound healing. Numerous experiments on animal models proved their safety and efficiency. Hydrogels are a new dressing type that are still in development.
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