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Kucinski TM, Dhall R, Savitzky BH, Ophus C, Karkee R, Mishra A, Dervishi E, Kang JH, Lee CH, Yoo J, Pettes MT. Direct Measurement of the Thermal Expansion Coefficient of Epitaxial WSe 2 by Four-Dimensional Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy. ACS NANO 2024; 18:17725-17734. [PMID: 38935815 PMCID: PMC11238620 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c02996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Current reports of thermal expansion coefficients (TEC) of two-dimensional (2D) materials show large discrepancies that span orders of magnitude. Determining the TEC of any 2D material remains difficult due to approaches involving indirect measurement of samples that are atomically thin and optically transparent. We demonstrate a methodology to address this discrepancy and directly measure TEC of nominally monolayer epitaxial WSe2 using four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D-STEM). Experimentally, WSe2 from metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) was heated through a temperature range of 18-564 °C using a barrel-style heating sample holder to observe temperature-induced structural changes without additional alterations or destruction of the sample. By combining 4D-STEM measurements with quantitative structural analysis, the thermal expansion coefficient of nominally monolayer polycrystalline epitaxial 2D WSe2 was determined to be (3.5 ± 0.9) × 10-6 K-1 and (5.7 ± 2) × 10-5 K-1 for the in- and out-of-plane TEC, respectively, and (3.6 ± 0.2) × 10-5 K-1 for the unit cell volume TEC, in good agreement with historically determined values for bulk crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa M Kucinski
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT), Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
- Nuclear Materials Science Group (MST-16), Materials and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Rohan Dhall
- National Center for Electron Microscopy (NCEM), The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Benjamin H Savitzky
- National Center for Electron Microscopy (NCEM), The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Colin Ophus
- National Center for Electron Microscopy (NCEM), The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Rijan Karkee
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT), Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Avanish Mishra
- Physics and Chemistry of Materials Group (T-1), Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Enkeleda Dervishi
- Electrochemistry and Corrosion Team, Sigma Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Jung Hoon Kang
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Lee
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinkyoung Yoo
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT), Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Michael T Pettes
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT), Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
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2
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Cai Y, Wang C, Yuan H, Guo Y, Cho JH, Xing X, Jia Y. Exploring negative thermal expansion materials with bulk framework structures and their relevant scaling relationships through multi-step machine learning. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:2914-2925. [PMID: 38567484 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh01509b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Discovering new negative thermal expansion (NTE) materials is a great challenge in experiment. Meanwhile, the machine learning (ML) method can be another approach to explore NTE materials using the existing material databases. Herein, we adopt the multi-step ML method with efficient data augmentation and cross-validation to identify around 1000 materials, including oxides, fluorides, and cyanides, with bulk framework structures as new potential NTE candidate materials from ICSD and other databases. Their corresponding coefficients of negative thermal expansion (CNTE) and temperature ranges are also well predicted. Among them, about 57 materials are predicted to have an NTE probability of 100%. Some predicted NTE materials were tested by the first-principles calculations with quasi-harmonic approximation (QHA), which indicates that the ML results are in good agreement with the first principles calculation results. Based on the comprehensive analysis of the existing and predicted NTE materials, we established three universal relationships of CNTE with an average electronegativity, porosity, and temperature range. From these, we also identified some important critical values characterizing the NTE property, which can serve as an important criterion for designing new NTE materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cai
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, and School of Materials and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China.
- Institute of Quantum Materials and Physics, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, and School of Materials and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China.
- Institute of Quantum Materials and Physics, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Huanli Yuan
- School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Yuan Guo
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, and School of Materials and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China.
- Institute of Solid States Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Jun-Hyung Cho
- Department of Physics and Research Institute for Natural Science, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-Ku, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Xianran Xing
- Institute of Solid States Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yu Jia
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, and School of Materials and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China.
- Institute of Quantum Materials and Physics, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Joint center for Theoretical Physics, and School of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
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3
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Xiao Y, Zou G, Huo J, Sun T, Peng J, Li Z, Shen D, Liu L. Local modulation of Au/MoS 2 Schottky barriers using a top ZnO nanowire gate for high-performance photodetection. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2024; 9:285-294. [PMID: 38063807 DOI: 10.1039/d3nh00448a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Schottky junctions are commonly used for fabricating heterojunction-based 2D transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) photodetectors, characteristically offering a wide detection range, high sensitivity and fast response. However, these devices often suffer from reduced detectivity due to the high dark current, making it challenging to discover a simple and efficient universal way to improve the photoelectric performances. Here, we demonstrate a novel approach for integrating ZnO nanowire gates into a MoS2-Au Schottky junction to improve the photoelectric performances of photodetectors by locally controlling the Schottky barrier. This strategy remarkably reduces the dark current level of the device without affecting its photocurrent and the Schottky detectivity can be modified to a maximum detectivity of 1.4 × 1013 Jones with -20 V NG bias. This work provides potential possibilities for tuning the band structure of other materials and optimizing the performance of heterojunction photodetectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xiao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Key Laboratory for Advanced Manufacturing by Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education of PR China, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
| | - Guisheng Zou
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Key Laboratory for Advanced Manufacturing by Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education of PR China, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
| | - Jinpeng Huo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Key Laboratory for Advanced Manufacturing by Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education of PR China, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
| | - Tianming Sun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Key Laboratory for Advanced Manufacturing by Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education of PR China, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Jin Peng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Key Laboratory for Advanced Manufacturing by Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education of PR China, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
| | - Zehua Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Key Laboratory for Advanced Manufacturing by Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education of PR China, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
| | - Daozhi Shen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Key Laboratory for Advanced Manufacturing by Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education of PR China, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
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4
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Zhang RS, Yin XL, Zhang YL, Jiang JW. The effect of intrinsic strain on the thermal expansion behavior of Janus MoSSe nanotubes: a molecular dynamic simulation. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 35:075705. [PMID: 37976546 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad0dcb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we conducted molecular dynamic simulations to investigate the thermal expansion behavior of Janus MoSSe nanotubes. We focused on understanding how the intrinsic strain in these nanotubes affects their thermal expansion coefficient (TEC). Interestingly, we found that Janus MoSSe nanotubes with sulfur (S) on the outer surface (MoSeS) exhibit a different intrinsic strain compared to those with selenium (Se) on the outer surface (MoSSe). In light of this observation, we explored the influence of this intrinsic strain on the TEC of the nanotubes. Our results revealed distinct trends for the TEC along the radial direction (TEC-r) and the axial direction (TEC-lx) of the MoSSe and MoSeS nanotubes. The TEC-rof MoSeS nanotubes was found to be significantly greater than that of MoSSe nanotubes. Moreover, the TEC-lxof MoSeS nanotubes was smaller than that of MoSSe nanotubes. Further analysis showed that the TEC-rof MoSeS nanotubes decreased by up to 37% as the radius increased, while that of MoSSe nanotubes exhibited a slight increase with increasing radius. On the other hand, the TEC-lxof MoSeS nanotubes increased by as much as 45% with increasing radius, whereas that of MoSSe nanotubes decreased gradually. These opposite tendencies of the TECs with respect to the radius were attributed to the presence of intrinsic strain within the nanotubes. The intrinsic strain was found to play a crucial role in inducing thermally induced bending and elliptization of the nanotubes' cross-section. These effects are considered key mechanisms through which intrinsic strain influences the TEC. Overall, our study provides valuable insights into the thermal stability of Janus nanotubes. By understanding the relationship between intrinsic strain and the thermal expansion behavior of nanotubes, we contribute to the broader understanding of these materials and their potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run-Sen Zhang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, 071001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Lei Yin
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, 071001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Long Zhang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, 071001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Wu Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, School of Mechanics and Engineering Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
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5
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Huang X, Han X, Dai Y, Xu X, Zhang Y, Tian X, Yuan Z, Xing J, Wang Y, Huang Y. Recent Progress in Two-Dimensional Material Exfoliation Technology and Enlightenment for Geological Sciences. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:10181-10193. [PMID: 37930076 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical exfoliation technology is vital for the development of two-dimensional (2D) materials. This technology has also facilitated the verification of the performance of electronic and optical devices made from 2D materials. In this Perspective, we provide an overview of exfoliation techniques and highlight key physical properties. Additionally, we explored the chemical instability of certain 2D materials and proposed practical solutions to enhance their stability. Furthermore, we discuss the advantages of suspended 2D materials, which demonstrate improved compatibility and properties compared to nonsuspended materials. A particularly intriguing aspect of this Perspective is the exploration of the similarities between the Earth's crust and 2D materials, offering insights into the formation mechanisms of geological phenomena. In this context, 2D materials may serve as simulators for studying geological processes. We hope that this Perspective stimulates further research into exfoliation technology and the physical/chemical properties of 2D materials while providing new inspiration for earth science investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Huang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xu Han
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yunyun Dai
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaolong Xu
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaobo Tian
- Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhengyi Yuan
- China Earthquake Networks Center, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Jie Xing
- School of Science, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yeliang Wang
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- BIT Chongqing Institute of Microelectronics and Microsystems, Chongqing 100190, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- BIT Chongqing Institute of Microelectronics and Microsystems, Chongqing 100190, China
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6
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Ranjuna MK, Balakrishnan J. High temperature anomalous Raman and photoluminescence response of molybdenum disulfide with sulfur vacancies. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16418. [PMID: 37775525 PMCID: PMC10541451 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43756-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We report an intriguing anomalous behavior observed in the temperature-dependent Raman spectra of mono-, bi-, and trilayer molybdenum disulfide samples with sulfur vacancies, measured at high temperatures ranging from room temperature to 463 K. In contrast to existing reports, we observed a decrease in the FWHM of the A[Formula: see text] phonon mode, along with an increase in the relative intensity of the A[Formula: see text] mode to the E[Formula: see text] mode, as the temperature increased. This trend becomes less prominent as the layer number increases from monolayer, disappearing entirely in few-layer samples. Additionally, we observed an intensity enhancement in the photoluminescence spectra of MoS2 samples at high temperatures (up to 550 K), which depends on the layer number. These observations are explained by considering the presence of sulfur vacancies, their interaction with the environment, electron density reduction, and a phonon-mediated intervalley charge transfer at elevated temperatures. Our results unambiguously establish that the effect of defects (sulfur vacancies) is more prominently reflected in the temperature dependence of FWHM and the relative intensity of the Raman modes rather than in the Raman peak positions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Ranjuna
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Palakkad, Kerala, 678623, India.
| | - Jayakumar Balakrishnan
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Palakkad, Kerala, 678623, India.
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7
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Katla SK, Zhou W, Tavakoli H, Padilla Méndez EL, Li X. Portable in situ temperature-dependent spectroscopy on a low-cost microfluidic platform integrated with a battery-powered thermofoil heater. VIEW 2023; 4:20220053. [PMID: 37928779 PMCID: PMC10621267 DOI: 10.1002/viw.20220053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A low-cost microfluidic platform integrated with a flexible heater was developed for in situ temperature-dependent spectroscopic measurement at the point of care. After verifying the system by comparing on-chip spectroscopic measurement of methylene blue with the conventional spectroscopy, we demonstrated its applications in temperature-dependent absorption spectroscopy of a model biomolecule, curcumin. The system is portable, battery-powered and requires ultra-low volumes of analytes, which is highly suitable for point-of-care characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Krishna Katla
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | - Wan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | - Hamed Tavakoli
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | | | - Xiujun Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
- Border Biomedical Research Center, & Forensic Science, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
- Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
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8
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Zhong Y, Zhang L, Park JH, Cruz S, Li L, Guo L, Kong J, Wang EN. A unified approach and descriptor for the thermal expansion of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabo3783. [PMID: 36399559 PMCID: PMC9674296 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abo3783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have enabled promising applications in modern miniaturized devices. However, device operation may lead to substantial temperature rise and thermal stress, resulting in device failure. To address such thermal challenges, the thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) needs to be well understood. Here, we characterize the in-plane TECs of transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayers and demonstrate superior accuracy using a three-substrate approach. Our measurements confirm the physical range of 2D monolayer TECs and, hence, address the more than two orders of magnitude discrepancy in literature. Moreover, we identify the thermochemical electronegativity difference of compositional elements as a descriptor, enabling the fast estimation of TECs for various TMD monolayers. Our work presents a unified approach and descriptor for the thermal expansion of TMD monolayers, which can serve as a guideline toward the rational design of reliable 2D devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Lenan Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Ji-Hoon Park
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Samuel Cruz
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Long Li
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Liang Guo
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jing Kong
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Evelyn N. Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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9
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Sebastian AR, Kaium MG, Ko TJ, Shawkat MS, Jung Y, Ahn EC. Temperature dependent studies on centimeter-scale MoS 2and vdW heterostructures. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:505503. [PMID: 36137438 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac9416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal dichalcogenides is an emerging 2D semiconducting material group which has excellent physical properties in the ultimately scaled thickness dimension. Specifically, van der Waals heterostructures hold the great promise in further advancing both the fundamental scientific knowledge and practical technological applications of 2D materials. Although 2D materials have been extensively studied for various sensing applications, temperature sensing still remains relatively unexplored. In this work, we experimentally study the temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopy and electrical conductivity of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and its heterostructures with platinum dichalcogenides (PtSe2and PtTe2) to explore their potential to become the next-generation temperature sensor. It is found that the MoS2-PtX2heterostructure shows the great promise as the high-sensitivity temperature sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Rose Sebastian
- The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas TX-78249, United States of America
| | - Md Golam Kaium
- NanoScience Technology Center, Materials Science & Engineering, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd, Orlando, Florida FL-32816, United States of America
| | - Tae-Jun Ko
- NanoScience Technology Center, Materials Science & Engineering, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd, Orlando, Florida FL-32816, United States of America
| | - Mashiyat Sumaiya Shawkat
- NanoScience Technology Center, Materials Science & Engineering, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd, Orlando, Florida FL-32816, United States of America
| | - Yeonwoong Jung
- NanoScience Technology Center, Materials Science & Engineering, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd, Orlando, Florida FL-32816, United States of America
| | - Ethan C Ahn
- The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas TX-78249, United States of America
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10
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Yang R, Yousuf SMEH, Lee J, Zhang P, Liu Z, Feng PXL. Raman Spectroscopic Probe for Nonlinear MoS 2 Nanoelectromechanical Resonators. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:5780-5787. [PMID: 35792575 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Resonant nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) enabled by two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors have been actively explored and engineered for making ultrascaled transducers toward applications in ultralow-power signal processing, communication, and sensing. Although the transduction of miniscule resonant motions has been achieved by low-noise optical or electronic techniques, direct probing of strain in vibrating 2D semiconductor membranes and the interplay between the spectroscopic and mechanical properties are still largely unexplored. Here, we experimentally demonstrate dynamical phonon softening in atomically thin molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) NEMS resonators by directly coupling Raman spectroscopy with optical interferometry resonance motion detection. In single-layer, bilayer, and trilayer (1L to 3L) MoS2 circular membrane NEMS resonators, we show that high-amplitude nonlinear resonances can enhance the Raman signal amplitude, as well as introduce Raman modes softening up to 0.8 cm-1. These results shall pave the way for engineering the coupling and control between collective mechanical vibrations and Raman modes of the constituent crystals in 2D transducers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case School of Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
- University of Michigan - Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - S M Enamul Hoque Yousuf
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Jaesung Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case School of Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Pengcheng Zhang
- University of Michigan - Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zuheng Liu
- University of Michigan - Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Philip X-L Feng
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case School of Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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11
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Wang R, Hunter N, Zobeiri H, Xu S, Wang X. Critical Problems Faced in Raman-based Energy Transport Characterization of Nanomaterials. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:22390-22404. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02126a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In the last two decades, tremendous research has been conducted on discovery, design and synthesis, characterization, and applications of two-dimensional (2D) materials. Thermal conductivity and interface thermal conductance/resistance of 2D...
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12
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Zhang RS, Jiang JW. Effect of misfit strain on the thermal expansion coefficient of graphene/MoS 2 van der Waals heterostructures. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 24:156-162. [PMID: 34877582 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04655a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Because of their advanced properties inherited from their constituent atomic layers, van der Waals heterostructures such as graphene/MoS2 are promising candidates for many optical and electronic applications. However, because heat tends to be generated during the operation of nanodevices, thermal expansion is an important phenomenon to consider for the thermal stability of such heterostructures. In the present work, molecular dynamics simulations are used to investigate the thermal expansion coefficient of the graphene/MoS2 heterostructure, and how the unavoidable misfit strain affects that coefficient is revealed. The misfit strain can tune the thermal expansion coefficient by a factor of six, and this effect is quite robust in the sense that it is insensitive to the size or direction of the heterostructure. Further analysis shows that the misfit strain offers an efficient means of engineering thermally induced ripples, this being the key mechanism for how the misfit strain affects the thermal expansion coefficient. These findings provide valuable information about the thermal stability of van der Waals heterostructures and offer help for practical applications of nanodevices based on such heterostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run-Sen Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, School of Mechanics and Engineering Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jin-Wu Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, School of Mechanics and Engineering Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Li Z, Chang S, Zhang H, Hu Y, Huang Y, An L, Ren S. Two-Dimensional Conductive π-d Frameworks with Multiple Sensory Capabilities. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:28703-28709. [PMID: 34101425 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c06596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) metal-molecule hybrid frameworks have attracted great attention due to their π-d interactions for the charge-spin-lattice coupling, promising for next-generation molecular electronics. However, a high electrical conductivity is indispensable to realize such potential. Herein, we design and assemble a conductive 2D conjugated coordination thin film through an interfacial reaction between the aqueous and organic phases. Its electronic conducting properties are derived from the π-d coupling interactions to achieve an electrical conductivity of 1.05 S/cm, while the stimulus-dependent π-d interactions induce multifunctional sensory capabilities. The Co-DABDT (DABDT = 2,5-diamino-1,4-benzenedithiol dihydrochloride) thin films demonstrate an excellent performance for sensing light, strain, temperature, and humidity, as well as robust mechanical stability. The 2D frameworks with multisensing properties for real-time static and dynamic monitoring are promising for smart wearable electronic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210016, China
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Shuquan Chang
- College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210016, China
| | - Haiqian Zhang
- College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210016, China
| | - Yong Hu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Yulong Huang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Lu An
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Shenqiang Ren
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
- Research and Education in Energy Environment & Water Institute, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
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Abstract
In recent years, there has been an explosive increase in the research on van der Waals (vdW) crystals because of their great potential applications in many optoelectronic devices. It is necessary to determine their temperature-dependent lattice vibration characteristics because their thermal and electrical transport are closely related to the anharmonic phonon effect, which will affect the performance of the devices. We review the temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopy of vdW crystals, systematically introduce the thermal behavior of optical phonons, and summarize their shift with temperature. Upon analyzing the theoretical models and summarizing the reported experimental data, it is found that the phonon shifts of vdW crystals have a "quasi-linear" relationship with temperature, which is widely described with first-order temperature (FOT) coefficients obtained through a linear fit. Thus, subsequently, the phonon shifts of monolayer materials, different-thickness crystals, suspended and supported samples, in-plane and out-of-plane modes in the same vdW materials, as well as heterostructures and alloys are discussed through comparative analysis of FOT coefficients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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