1
|
Johny J, Große-Wilde E, Kalinová B, Roy A. Antennal Transcriptome Screening and Identification of Chemosensory Proteins in the Double-Spine European Spruce Bark Beetle, Ips duplicatus (Coleoptera: Scolytinae). Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9513. [PMID: 39273461 PMCID: PMC11395090 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25179513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2024] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The northern bark beetle, Ips duplicatus, is an emerging economic pest, reportedly infesting various species of spruce (Picea spp.), pine (Pinus spp.), and larch (Larix spp.) in Central Europe. Recent climate changes and inconsistent forest management practices have led to the rapid spread of this species, leaving the current monitoring strategies inefficient. As understanding the molecular components of pheromone detection is key to developing novel control strategies, we generated antennal transcriptomes from males and females of this species and annotated the chemosensory proteins. We identified putative candidates for 69 odorant receptors (ORs), 50 ionotropic receptors (IRs), 25 gustatory receptors (GRs), 27 odorant-binding proteins (OBPs), including a tetramer-OBP, 9 chemosensory proteins (CSPs), and 6 sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs). However, no sex-specific chemosensory genes were detected. The phylogenetic analysis revealed conserved orthology in bark beetle chemosensory proteins, especially with a major forest pest and co-habitant, Ips typographus. Recent large-scale functional studies in I. typographus chemoreceptors add greater significance to the orthologous sequences reported here. Nevertheless, identifying chemosensory genes in I. duplicatus is valuable to understanding the chemosensory system and its evolution in bark beetles (Coleoptera) and, generally, insects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jibin Johny
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ewald Große-Wilde
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Blanka Kalinová
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Amit Roy
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Brajon L, Comte A, Capoduro R, Meslin C, Antony B, Al-Saleh MA, Pain A, Jacquin-Joly E, Montagné N. A conserved pheromone receptor in the American and the Asian palm weevils is also activated by host plant volatiles. CURRENT RESEARCH IN INSECT SCIENCE 2024; 6:100090. [PMID: 39193175 PMCID: PMC11345504 DOI: 10.1016/j.cris.2024.100090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
The evolution of chemosensory receptors is key for the adaptation of animals to their environment. Recent knowledge acquired on the tri-dimensional structure of insect odorant receptors makes it possible to study the link between modifications in the receptor structure and evolution of response spectra in more depth. We investigated this question in palm weevils, several species of which are well-known invasive pests of ornamental or cultivated palm trees worldwide. These insects use aggregation pheromones to gather on their host plants for feeding and reproduction. An odorant receptor detecting the aggregation pheromone components was characterised in the Asian palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus. This study compared the response spectra of this receptor, RferOR1, and its ortholog in the American palm weevil R. palmarum, RpalOR1. Sequences of these two receptors exhibit more than 70 amino acid differences, but modelling of their 3D structures revealed that their putative binding pockets differ by only three amino acids, suggesting possible tuning conservation. Further functional characterization of RpalOR1 confirmed this hypothesis, as RpalOR1 and RferOR1 exhibited highly similar responses to coleopteran aggregation pheromones and chemically related molecules. Notably, we showed that R. ferrugineus pheromone compounds strongly activated RpalOR1, but we did not evidence any response to the R. palmarum pheromone compound rhynchophorol. Moreover, we discovered that several host plant volatiles also activated both pheromone receptors, although with lower sensitivity. This study not only reveals evolutionary conservation of odorant receptor tuning across the two palm weevil species, but also questions the specificity of pheromone detection usually observed in insects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ludvine Brajon
- INRAE, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IRD, UPEC, Université Paris Cité, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris (iEES-Paris), Versailles and Paris, France
| | - Arthur Comte
- INRAE, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IRD, UPEC, Université Paris Cité, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris (iEES-Paris), Versailles and Paris, France
| | - Rémi Capoduro
- INRAE, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IRD, UPEC, Université Paris Cité, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris (iEES-Paris), Versailles and Paris, France
| | - Camille Meslin
- INRAE, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IRD, UPEC, Université Paris Cité, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris (iEES-Paris), Versailles and Paris, France
| | - Binu Antony
- King Saud University, Chair of Date Palm Research, Center for Chemical Ecology and Functional Genomics, Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Ali Al-Saleh
- King Saud University, Chair of Date Palm Research, Center for Chemical Ecology and Functional Genomics, Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arnab Pain
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Bioscience Programme, BESE Division, Thuwal, Jeddah 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emmanuelle Jacquin-Joly
- INRAE, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IRD, UPEC, Université Paris Cité, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris (iEES-Paris), Versailles and Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Montagné
- INRAE, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IRD, UPEC, Université Paris Cité, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris (iEES-Paris), Versailles and Paris, France
- Institut universitaire de France (IUF)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang M, Li L, Zhang X. Identification of chemosensory genes and antennal sensilla in Nassophasis sp. (Coleoptera: Rhynchophorinae). COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2024; 52:101283. [PMID: 38972180 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2024.101283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Phytophagous insects rely on plant volatiles to select and locate hosts for feeding or reproduction and their olfactory system is essential for detecting plant volatiles. The stem-boring pest, Nassophasis sp. damages Dendrobium and causes economic losses. Currently, there are no effective methods for its control. However, understanding the morphological and molecular basis of its olfactory system may identify new pathways for their management and control. In this study, we observed the stemborer's antennal sensilla using scanning electron microscopy, and transcriptome sequencing was undertaken to annotate and analyze its chemosensory genes. Results showed that the antennal morphology is similar between males and females, with five types of antennal sensilla observed: sensilla chaetica (SC), sensilla trichodea (ST), sensilla brush (SB), sensilla basiconica (SBA) and sensilla gemmiformium (SG). Sexual dimorphism was not observed in sensilla type, but in the length of SBA and SG. A total of 70 olfactory-related genes were annotated, including 16 odorant binding proteins (OBP), 5 chemosensory proteins (CSPs), 26 olfactory receptors (ORs), 9 gustatory receptors (GRs), 10 ionotropic receptors (IRs), and 4 sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs). Most genes were highly expressed and 14 of these genes were only expressed in the head, and 7 genes in the abdomen. This study provides a theoretical basis for the olfactory perception of Nassophasis sp. and a scientific basis for developing new pest control strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Li Li
- School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Ximin Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China; Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Karst Mountain Area of Southwest of China, School of Life Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
He W, Meng H, Zhang Y, Zhang G, Zhi M, Li G, Chen J. Identification of candidate chemosensory genes in the antennal transcriptome of Monolepta signata. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301177. [PMID: 38848419 PMCID: PMC11161048 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
In the polyphagous insect Monolepta signata (M. signata) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), antennae are important for olfactory reception used during feeding, mating, and finding a suitable oviposition site. Based on NextSeq 6000 Illumina sequencing, we assembled the antennal transcriptome of mated M. signata and described the first chemosensory gene repertoire expressed in this species. The relative expression levels of some significant chemosensory genes were conducted by quantitative real-time PCR. We identified 114 olfactory-related genes based on the antennal transcriptome database of M. signata, including 21 odorant binding proteins (OBPs), six chemosensory proteins (CSPs), 46 odorant receptors (ORs), 15 ionotropic receptors (IRs), 23 gustatory receptors (GRs) and three sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs). Blastp best hit and phylogenetic analyses showed that most of the chemosensory genes had a close relationship with orthologs from other Coleoptera species. Overall, this study provides a foundation for elucidating the molecular mechanism of olfactory recognition in M. signata as well as a reference for the study of chemosensory genes in other species of Coleoptera.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanjie He
- College of Agriculture / Key Laboratory of Oasis Agricultural Pest Management and Plant Protection Resources Utilization, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Yuli Industry Development Service Center of Apocynum venetum, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hanying Meng
- College of Agriculture / Key Laboratory of Oasis Agricultural Pest Management and Plant Protection Resources Utilization, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Plant Protection Station of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Plant Protection Station of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Science and Technology Development Strategy Research Institute, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Mengting Zhi
- College of Agriculture / Key Laboratory of Oasis Agricultural Pest Management and Plant Protection Resources Utilization, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Guangwei Li
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Jujube, College of Life Science, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Chen
- College of Agriculture / Key Laboratory of Oasis Agricultural Pest Management and Plant Protection Resources Utilization, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li H, Hong X, Zeng F, Bai C. Identification and expression profiles of olfactory-related genes based on transcriptome analysis in Plodia interpunctella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 114:e22061. [PMID: 37905450 DOI: 10.1002/arch.22061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
The sophisticated olfactory system of insects is plays a critical role in detecting chemical signals and guiding insect behaviors, such as selecting mates, finding hosts, evading predators, and discovering oviposition sites. Therefore, exploring and clarifying the molecular processes of this system is crucial for developing new insecticides or efficient pest control methods. Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) is a disruptive insect pest damaging the stored grains over the world. However, the olfactory processes of P. interpunctella remain unclear. Herein, we employed a transcriptome analysis to identify olfactory and differentially expressed genes to characterize their expression patterns in different developmental stages and antennal tissue. Subsequently, a total of 172 potential olfactory-related genes included 42 odorant-binding proteins, 12 chemosensory proteins, 51 odorant receptors, 13 gustatory receptors, three sensory neuron membrane proteins, and 51 ionotropic receptors. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis and BLASTx best-hit analyses showed that these olfactory genes were closely linked with those identified in other lepidopterans. Transcriptome analysis revealed 49 differentially expressed olfactory-related genes, and a semiquantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction showed that 11 olfactory genes were particularly expressed in the legs and wings of female P. interpunctella. Meanwhile, PintOBP29 was notably expressed in female antennae and legs. Genes with high expression levels in the abdomen showed high expression in the legs, but low expression in the antennae. Our findings provide the candidate genetic factors for analysis of the olfactory processes in P. interpunctella.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- School of Food and Strategic Reserves, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain Storage and Security, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiwen Hong
- School of Food and Strategic Reserves, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Fangfang Zeng
- School of Food and Strategic Reserves, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain Storage and Security, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chunqi Bai
- School of Food and Strategic Reserves, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain Storage and Security, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang X, Liu H, Xie G, Wang W, Yang Y. Identification and expression analyses of the olfactory-related genes in different tissues' transcriptome of a predacious soldier beetle, Podabrus annulatus (Coleoptera, Cantharidae). ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 112:e21997. [PMID: 36656761 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We sequenced and analyzed the transcriptomes from different tissues of the soldier beetle, Podabrus annulatus (Coleoptera: Cantharidae), and obtained 75.74 Gb clean reads which were assembled into 95,274 unigenes. Among these transcripts, 25,484 unigenes of highly quality were annotated. Based on annotation and tBLASTn results, we identified a total of 101 candidate olfactory-related genes for the first time, including 11 putative odorant-binding proteins (OBPs), 6 chemosensory proteins (CSP), 50 olfactory receptors (ORs), 25 gustatory receptors (GRs), 6 ionotropic receptors (IRs), and 3 sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs). BLASTX best-hit results indicated that these chemosensory genes were most identical to their respective orthologs from Photinus pyralis. Phylogenetic analyses also revealed that the ORs, GRs, and IRs of Podabrus annulatus are closely related to those of Photinus pyralis. The fragment per kilobase per million mapped fragments (FPKM) values showed that the PannOBP2, PannOBP3, and PannOBP10 were predominantly expressed in the antennae, PannOBP1 in the abdomen-thorax, while others were not identified to be tissue-specific. These olfactory-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) demonstrated different roles in the olfactory system of Podabrus annulatus. This study establishes the groundwork for future research into the molecular mechanism of olfactory recognition in Podabrus annulatus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, School of Life Science, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Haoyu Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, School of Life Science, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Guanglin Xie
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Wenkai Wang
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Yuxia Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, School of Life Science, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hong B, Zhai Y, Yang Y, Chang Q, Li G, Zhang F. Identification and sex-specific expression of chemosensory genes in the antennal transcriptomes of Pachyrhinus yasumatsui (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2023; 23:7135657. [PMID: 37083941 PMCID: PMC10120841 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iead023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Pachyrhinus yasumatsui Kono et Morimoto is a major pest of Chinese jujube, which is widespread in northern China and causes severe economic losses in the jujube industry. Chemosensory genes play crucial roles in insect behaviors. Currently, little is known about chemosensory genes in P. yasumatsui. In the present study, antennal transcriptomes of female and male adult P. yasumatsui were annotated. In total, 113 genes involved in chemosensory functions were identified, including 41 odorant receptors, 28 odorant-binding proteins, 16 ionotropic receptors, 15 chemosensory proteins, 9 gustatory receptors, and 4 sensory neuron membrane proteins. Subsequently, the phylogenetic analyses of these olfactory-related proteins in P. yasumatsui were conducted using multiple sequence alignment. Furthermore, sex-specific expression levels of 113 genes were analyzed based on fragments per kilobase of transcript per million mapped reads (FPKM). Then, the quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to quantify gene expression profiles of 28 P. yasumatsui OBPs (PyasOBPs) and 15 CSPs (PyasCSPs). The results revealed that 20 PyasOBPs and 13 PyasCSPs exhibited significantly higher expression in the antennae than in the bodies, suggesting that they might have functions in olfaction. Moreover, some OBPs and CSPs (PyasOBP6, PyasOBP7, PyasOBP16, PyasOBP21, and PyasCSP4) exhibited female-biased expression, indicating that they might take part in several female-specific behaviors. This study will promote the understanding of olfactory mechanism in P. yasumatsui, and our findings lay the groundwork for developing environmentally friendly pest management measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Hong
- Bio-Agriculture Institute of Shaanxi, Shaanxi Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710043, China
| | - Yingyan Zhai
- Bio-Agriculture Institute of Shaanxi, Shaanxi Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710043, China
| | - Yiwei Yang
- Bio-Agriculture Institute of Shaanxi, Shaanxi Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710043, China
| | - Qing Chang
- Bio-Agriculture Institute of Shaanxi, Shaanxi Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710043, China
| | - Guangwei Li
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Jujube, College of Life Science, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Johny J, Diallo S, Lukšan O, Shewale M, Kalinová B, Hanus R, Große-Wilde E. Conserved orthology in termite chemosensory gene families. Front Ecol Evol 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.1065947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Termites are eusocial insects known to use a variety of pheromones in tasks necessary for maintenance of their societies. As such, olfaction and pheromone communication in termites has been an object of intense study; trail-following pheromones (TFPs) and sex-pairing pheromones (SPPs), for example, have been identified in many termite species. In contrast, the molecular basis of olfactory detection is understudied in the group. Here, we present chemosensory genes of three species of termites belonging to three distinct lineages, Neotermes cubanus (Kalotermitidae), Prorhinotermes simplex (Rhinotermitidae), and Inquilinitermes inquilinus (Termitidae). Using antennal transcriptome screening of termite workers, we identified the chemosensory genes, which allowed us to perform phylogenetic analysis. We found a comparatively large repertoires of odorant receptors (ORs), gustatory receptors (GRs), ionotropic receptors (IRs), odorant binding proteins (OBPs), chemosensory proteins (CSPs), and sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs). The evolutionary analysis of termite chemosensory genes revealed Isoptera-specific expansions with a 1:1 orthologous pattern, indicating the existence of conserved olfactory functions. Our findings on basal eusocial insects will further enhance our understanding of the molecular underpinnings of eusociality and the evolution of olfactory communication in termites.
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhou Z, Mo L, Li D, Zeng W, Wu H, Wu Z, Huang J. Comparative transcriptomics analyses of chemosensory genes of antenna in male red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.976448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii, is a globally invasive species and has caused huge damage to aquaculture, biodiversity, and ecology worldwide. Antenna-expressed receptors are important for P. clarkii to detect chemosensory cues for mate attraction. In this study, we tested the behavior of male P. clarkii to the conditioned water from female P. clarkii during the mating and non-mating periods, and performed RNA sequencing to investigate the chemosensory-related genes of the antenna of male P. clarkii. The results of the behavioral assay have shown that for the female-conditioned water, male P. clarkii within the mating period can be significantly attracted, but not during the non-mating period. This suggested that the expressions of chemosensory-related genes in the antenna of male P. clarkii may change significantly with mating seasonal variation. Antenna transcriptomes found that a total of 59,218 unigenes with an average length of 1,056.41 bp, and 4,889 differentially expressed unigenes (DEGs), among which 2,128 were upregulated, while 2,761 were downregulated were obtained. A total of 12 upregulated and nine downregulated DEGs were associated with chemical reception, including four ionotropic receptors (IRs) or ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs), eight G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), five transient receptor potential channels (TRP channels), one sodium–calcium exchanger, one isomerase, and two uncharacterized proteins (chemosensory proteins-like, CSPs). CSPs were preliminarily classified as pheromone receptors in the antenna of male P. clarkii. Furthermore, the calcium transduction-related pathways may play an important role in the sex pheromone reception of the male P. clarkii’s antenna. The results of quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-qPCR) showed that the trends of expression of eight selected unigenes were consistent with RNA-Seq results. Our results provide more comprehensive data for chemical communication mechanisms after P. clarkii enter the mating period and eventually would develop better control strategies in further.
Collapse
|
10
|
Wu Z, Tong N, Li Y, Guo J, Lu M, Liu X. Foreleg Transcriptomic Analysis of the Chemosensory Gene Families in Plagiodera versicolora (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). INSECTS 2022; 13:763. [PMID: 36135464 PMCID: PMC9503008 DOI: 10.3390/insects13090763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plagiodera versicolora (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is a worldwide leaf-eating forest pest in salicaceous trees. The forelegs play important roles in the chemoreception of insects. In this study, we conducted a transcriptome analysis of adult forelegs in P. versicolora and identified a total of 53 candidate chemosensory genes encoding 4 chemosensory proteins (CSPs), 19 odorant binding proteins (OBPs), 10 odorant receptors (ORs), 10 gustatory receptors (GRs), 6 ionotropic receptors (IRs), and 4 sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs). Compared with the previous antennae transcriptome data, 1 CSP, 4 OBPs, 1 OR, 3 IRs, and 4 GRs were newly identified in the forelegs. Subsequently, the tissue expression profiles of 10 P. versicolora chemosensory genes were performed by real-time quantitative PCR. The results showed that PverOBP25, PverOBP27, and PverCSP6 were highly expressed in the antennae of both sexes. PverCSP11 and PverIR9 are predominately expressed in the forelegs than in the antennae. In addition, the expression levels of PverGR15 in female antennae and forelegs were significantly higher than those in the male antennae, implying that it may be involved in some female-specific behaviors such as oviposition site seeking. This work would greatly further the understanding of the chemoreception mechanism in P. versicolora.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheran Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Na Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Jinmeng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Disease and Pests, Ministry of Education/Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Min Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lizana P, Mutis A, Quiroz A, Venthur H. Insights Into Chemosensory Proteins From Non-Model Insects: Advances and Perspectives in the Context of Pest Management. Front Physiol 2022; 13:924750. [PMID: 36072856 PMCID: PMC9441497 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.924750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, insect chemosensation represents a key aspect of integrated pest management in the Anthropocene epoch. Olfaction-related proteins have been the focus of studies due to their function in vital processes, such ashost finding and reproduction behavior. Hence, most research has been based on the study of model insects, namely Drosophila melanogaster, Bombyx mori or Tribolium castaneum. Over the passage of time and the advance of new molecular techniques, insects considered non-models have been studied, contributing greatly to the knowledge of insect olfactory systems and enhanced pest control methods. In this review, a reference point for non-model insects is proposed and the concept of model and non-model insects is discussed. Likewise, it summarizes and discusses the progress and contribution in the olfaction field of both model and non-model insects considered pests in agriculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Lizana
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Laboratorio de Química Ecológica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Ana Mutis
- Laboratorio de Química Ecológica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Andrés Quiroz
- Laboratorio de Química Ecológica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Herbert Venthur
- Laboratorio de Química Ecológica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang JH, Li L, Li N, Li YY, Pang BP. Expression Profiling and Functional Analysis of Candidate Odorant Receptors in Galeruca daurica. INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13070563. [PMID: 35886739 PMCID: PMC9318772 DOI: 10.3390/insects13070563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary Odorant receptors (ORs) play an important role in the olfactory system in insects. However, there is no functional research on the odorant receptors of Galeruca daurica. In this study, 21 OR genes were identified from the transcriptome database of G. daurica adults. Most GdauORs were mainly expressed in antennae, and the expression levels of GdauORs in adults were affected by age. When GdauOR4, GdauOR15, and GdauORco were silenced by RNAi, the electrophysiological responses to host plant volatiles were significantly decreased. Abstract Galeruca daurica (Joannis) is an oligophagous pest in the grasslands of Inner Mongolia, China, which feed mainly on Allium spp. Odorant receptors (ORs) play an important role in the olfactory system in insects, and function together with olfactory co-receptor (ORco). In this study, 21 OR genes were identified from the transcriptome database of G. daurica adults, and named GdauOR1-20 and GdauORco. The expression profiles were examined by RT-qPCR and RNA interference (RNAi) and electroantennogram (EAG) experiments were conducted to further identify the olfactory functions of GdauOR4, GdauOR11, GdauOR15, and GdauORco. It was found that 15 GdauORs (OR1, OR3-6, OR8, OR11-13, OR15, OR17-20, and ORco) were mainly expressed in antennae, and the expression levels of GdauORs in adults were affected by age. When GdauOR4, GdauOR15, and GdauORco were silenced by RNAi, the electrophysiological responses to host plant volatiles were significantly decreased in G. daurica. This study lays a necessary foundation for clarifying the mechanism on finding host plants in G. daurica.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Hang Zhang
- Research Center for Grassland Entomology, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (J.-H.Z.); (L.L.); (Y.-Y.L.)
| | - Ling Li
- Research Center for Grassland Entomology, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (J.-H.Z.); (L.L.); (Y.-Y.L.)
| | - Na Li
- Erdos City Extension Center for Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology, Erdos 017200, China;
| | - Yan-Yan Li
- Research Center for Grassland Entomology, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (J.-H.Z.); (L.L.); (Y.-Y.L.)
| | - Bao-Ping Pang
- Research Center for Grassland Entomology, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (J.-H.Z.); (L.L.); (Y.-Y.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-181-4710-8339
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Identification and Expression Profile of Chemosensory Receptor Genes in Aromia bungii (Faldermann) Antennal Transcriptome. INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13010096. [PMID: 35055940 PMCID: PMC8781584 DOI: 10.3390/insects13010096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The red-necked longicorn beetle, Aromia bungii (Faldermann) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), is a major destructive, wood-boring pest, which is widespread throughout the world. The sex pheromone of A. bungii was reported earlier; however, the chemosensory mechanism of the beetle remains almost unknown. In this study, 45 AbunORs, 6 AbunGRs and 2 AbunIRs were identified among 42,197 unigenes derived from the antennal transcriptome bioinformatic analysis of A. bungii adults. The sequence of putative Orco (AbunOR25) found in this study is highly conserved with the known Orcos from other Coleoptera species, and these Orco genes might be potentially used as target genes for the future development of novel and effective control strategies. Tissue expression analysis showed that 29 AbunOR genes were highly expressed in antennae, especially in the antennae of females, which was consistent with the idea that females might express more pheromone receptors for sensing pheromones, especially the sex pheromones produced by males. AbunOR5, 29, 31 and 37 were clustered with the pheromone receptors of the cerambycid Megacyllene caryae, suggesting that they might be putative pheromone receptors of A. bungii. All six AbunGRs were highly expressed in the mouthparts, indicating that these GRs may be involved in the taste perception process. Both AbunIRs were shown to be female-mouthparts-biased, suggesting that they might also be related to the tasting processes. Our study provides some basic information towards a deeper understanding of the chemosensing mechanism of A. bungii at a molecular level.
Collapse
|
14
|
Liu X, Tong N, Wu Z, Li Y, Ma M, Liu P, Lu M. Identification of Chemosensory Genes Based on the Antennal Transcriptomic Analysis of Plagiodera versicolora. INSECTS 2021; 13:insects13010036. [PMID: 35055879 PMCID: PMC8781154 DOI: 10.3390/insects13010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Insects can sense surrounding chemical signals by their accurate chemosensory systems. This system plays a vital role in the life history of insects. Several gene families participate in chemosensory processes, including odorant receptors (ORs), ionotropic receptors (IRs), gustatory receptors (GRs), chemosensory proteins (CSPs), odorant binding proteins (OBPs), and sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs). Plagiodera versicolora (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), is a leaf-eating forest pest found in salicaceous trees worldwide. In this study, a transcriptome analysis of male and female adult antennae in P. versicolora individuals was conducted, which identified a total of 98 candidate chemosensory genes including 40 ORs, 7 IRs, 13 GRs, 10 CSPs, 24 OBPs, and 4 SNMPs. Subsequently, the tissue expression profiles of 15 P. versicolora OBPs (PverOBPs) and 39 ORs (PverORs) were conducted by quantitative real-time PCR. The data showed that almost all PverOBPs and PverORs were highly expressed in the male and female antennae. In addition, several OBPs and ORs (PverOBP10, PverOBP12, PverOBP18, PverOR24, and PverOR35) had higher expression levels in female antennae than those in the male antennae, indicating that these genes may be taking part in some female-specific behaviors, such as find mates, oviposition site, etc. This study deeply promotes further understanding of the chemosensory system and functional studies of the chemoreception genes in P. versicolora.
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhu X, Xu B, Qin Z, Kader A, Song B, Chen H, Liu Y, Liu W. Identification of Candidate Olfactory Genes in Scolytus schevyrewi Based on Transcriptomic Analysis. Front Physiol 2021; 12:717698. [PMID: 34671270 PMCID: PMC8521011 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.717698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The bark beetle, Scolytus schevyrewi (S. schevyrewi), is an economically important pest in China that causes serious damage to the fruit industry, particularly, in Xinjiang Province. Chemical signals play an important role in the behavior of most insects, accordingly, ecofriendly traps can be used to monitor and control the target pests in agriculture. In order to lay a foundation for future research on chemical communication mechanisms at the molecular level, we generate antennal transcriptome databases for male and female S. schevyrewi using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis. By assembling and analyzing the adult male and female antennal transcriptomes, we identified 47 odorant receptors (ORs), 22 ionotropic receptors (IRs), 22 odorant-binding proteins (OBPs), and 11 chemosensory proteins (CSPs). Furthermore, expression levels of all the candidate OBPs and CSPs were validated in different tissues of male and female adults by semiquantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR). ScosOBP2 and ScosOBP18 were highly expressed in female antennae. ScosCSP2, ScosCSP3, and ScosCSP5 were specifically expressed in the antennae of both males and females. These results provide new potential molecular targets to inform and improve future management strategies of S. schevyrewi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Oasis, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Plant Protection, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Bingqiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Oasis, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Plant Protection, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Zhenjie Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Abudukyoum Kader
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Oasis, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Plant Protection, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Bo Song
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Oasis, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Plant Protection, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Haoyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Oasis, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Plant Protection, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture (Shenzhen Branch), Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bandeira PT, Fávaro CF, Francke W, Bergmann J, Zarbin PHG. Aggregation Pheromones of Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): Advances in the Identification and Potential Uses in Semiochemical-Based Pest Management Strategies. J Chem Ecol 2021; 47:968-986. [PMID: 34671912 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-021-01319-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
With approximately 83,000 species described, Curculionidae is the largest family of beetles, comprising more than 80% of all weevil species worldwide. Many species of Curculionidae attack a wide range of native and orchards crops, as well as globally important stored products such as grains, flour, and seeds, being responsible for significant environmental and economic losses. This work provides an overview of the research in the identification of aggregation pheromones of Curculionidae, and their potential contributions to the development of semiochemical-based pest management strategies. The synergistic effect of the host plant volatiles in the attractiveness of weevil pheromones is also briefly reported, demonstrating the important role of these additional attractants in the chemical communication of curculionids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Taisline Bandeira
- Laboratório de Semioquímicos, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná, UFPR, Caixa Postal 19020, Curitiba, PR, 81531-990, Brazil
| | - Carla Fernanda Fávaro
- Laboratório de Controle Biológico e Semioquímicos, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, BA, 45662-900, Brazil
| | - Wittko Francke
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Hamburg, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Bergmann
- Instituto de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avda. Universidad 330, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Paulo Henrique Gorgatti Zarbin
- Laboratório de Semioquímicos, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná, UFPR, Caixa Postal 19020, Curitiba, PR, 81531-990, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Dalbon VA, Acevedo JPM, Ribeiro Junior KAL, Ribeiro TFL, da Silva JM, Fonseca HG, Santana AEG, Porcelli F. Perspectives for Synergic Blends of Attractive Sources in South American Palm Weevil Mass Trapping: Waiting for the Red Palm Weevil Brazil Invasion. INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12090828. [PMID: 34564268 PMCID: PMC8466344 DOI: 10.3390/insects12090828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Coupling several natural and synthetic lures with aggregation pheromones from the palm weevils Rhynchophorus palmarum and R. ferrugineus reveals a synergy that results in an increase in pest captures. The combined attraction of pure pheromones, ethyl acetate, and decaying sweet and starchy plant tissue increases the net total of mass-trapped weevils. The 2018 entrance of the red palm weevil (RPW) into South America has threatened palm-product income in Brazil and other neighboring countries. The presence of the new A1 quarantine pest necessitates the review of all available options for a sustainable mass-trapping, monitoring, and control strategy to ultimately target both weevils with the same device. The effective lure-blend set for the mass-trapping system will attract weevils in baiting and contaminating stations for entomopathogenic fungi that the same weevils will spread.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Araujo Dalbon
- Natural Resources Research Laboratory, Center for Engineering and Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Renorbio (LPqRN, CECA, Renorbio-UFAL), Av. Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Tabuleiro do Martins, Maceió 57072-900, AL, Brazil; (K.A.L.R.J.); (T.F.L.R.); (H.G.F.); (A.E.G.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Juan Pablo Molina Acevedo
- Colombian Corporation for Agricultural Research Agrosavia C. I. Turipana—AGROSAVIA, Km. 13, Vía Montería-Cereté 230558, Córdoba, Colombia;
| | - Karlos Antônio Lisboa Ribeiro Junior
- Natural Resources Research Laboratory, Center for Engineering and Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Renorbio (LPqRN, CECA, Renorbio-UFAL), Av. Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Tabuleiro do Martins, Maceió 57072-900, AL, Brazil; (K.A.L.R.J.); (T.F.L.R.); (H.G.F.); (A.E.G.S.)
| | - Thyago Fernando Lisboa Ribeiro
- Natural Resources Research Laboratory, Center for Engineering and Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Renorbio (LPqRN, CECA, Renorbio-UFAL), Av. Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Tabuleiro do Martins, Maceió 57072-900, AL, Brazil; (K.A.L.R.J.); (T.F.L.R.); (H.G.F.); (A.E.G.S.)
| | - Joao Manoel da Silva
- Microbiology Research Laboratory, Center for Engineering and Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Renorbio (LM, CECA, Renorbio-UFAL), Av. Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Tabuleiro do Martins, Maceió 57072-900, AL, Brazil;
| | - Henrique Goulart Fonseca
- Natural Resources Research Laboratory, Center for Engineering and Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Renorbio (LPqRN, CECA, Renorbio-UFAL), Av. Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Tabuleiro do Martins, Maceió 57072-900, AL, Brazil; (K.A.L.R.J.); (T.F.L.R.); (H.G.F.); (A.E.G.S.)
| | - Antônio Euzébio Goulart Santana
- Natural Resources Research Laboratory, Center for Engineering and Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Renorbio (LPqRN, CECA, Renorbio-UFAL), Av. Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Tabuleiro do Martins, Maceió 57072-900, AL, Brazil; (K.A.L.R.J.); (T.F.L.R.); (H.G.F.); (A.E.G.S.)
| | - Francesco Porcelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola, 165/a, 70126 Bari, Italy;
- CIHEAM Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Bari, Via Ceglie 9, 70010 Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Genome-Wide Identification of the Gustatory Receptor Gene Family of the Invasive Pest, Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier, 1790). INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12070611. [PMID: 34357271 PMCID: PMC8308034 DOI: 10.3390/insects12070611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The red palm weevil (Rhynchophorus ferrugineus) is a highly destructive pest of oil palm, date, and coconut in many parts of Asia, Europe, and Africa. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations has called for international collaboration to develop a multidisciplinary strategy to control this invasive pest. Previous research focused on the molecular basis of chemoreception in this species, particularly olfaction, to develop biosensors for early detection and more effective bait traps for mass trapping. However, the molecular basis of gustation, which plays an essential role in discriminating food and egg-laying sites and chemical communication in this species, is limited because its complete gustatory receptor gene family still has not been characterized. We manually annotated the gene family from the recently available genome and transcriptome data and reported 50 gustatory receptor genes encoding 65 gustatory receptors, including 7 carbon dioxide, 9 sugar, and 49 bitter receptors. This study provides a platform for future functional analysis and comparative chemosensory study. A better understanding of gustation will improve our understanding of this species' complex chemoreception, which is an important step toward developing more effective control methods.
Collapse
|