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Ahmad M, Kim J, Dwyer B, Sokoloff G, Blumberg MS. Coincident development and synchronization of sleep-dependent delta in the cortex and medulla. Curr Biol 2024; 34:2570-2579.e5. [PMID: 38772363 PMCID: PMC11187663 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.04.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
In early development, active sleep is the predominant sleep state before it is supplanted by quiet sleep. In rats, the developmental increase in quiet sleep is accompanied by the sudden emergence of the cortical delta rhythm (0.5-4 Hz) around postnatal day 12 (P12). We sought to explain the emergence of the cortical delta by assessing developmental changes in the activity of the parafacial zone (PZ), a medullary structure thought to regulate quiet sleep in adults. We recorded from the PZ in P10 and P12 rats and predicted an age-related increase in neural activity during increasing periods of delta-rich cortical activity. Instead, during quiet sleep, we discovered sleep-dependent rhythmic spiking activity-with intervening periods of total silence-phase locked to a local delta rhythm. Moreover, PZ and cortical delta were coherent at P12 but not at P10. PZ delta was also phase locked to respiration, suggesting sleep-dependent modulation of PZ activity by respiratory pacemakers in the ventral medulla. Disconnecting the main olfactory bulbs from the cortex did not diminish cortical delta, indicating that the influence of respiration on delta at this age is not mediated indirectly through nasal breathing. Finally, we observed an increase in parvalbumin-expressing terminals in the PZ across these ages, supporting a role for local GABAergic inhibition in the PZ's rhythmicity. The unexpected discovery of delta-rhythmic neural activity in the medulla-when cortical delta is also emerging-provides a new perspective on the brainstem's role in regulating sleep and promoting long-range functional connectivity in early development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Midha Ahmad
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Jangjin Kim
- Department of Psychology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Brett Dwyer
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Greta Sokoloff
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Mark S Blumberg
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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2
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Abdelmissih S, Hosny SA, Elwi HM, Sayed WM, Eshra MA, Shaker OG, Samir NF. Chronic Caffeine Consumption, Alone or Combined with Agomelatine or Quetiapine, Reduces the Maximum EEG Peak, As Linked to Cortical Neurodegeneration, Ovarian Estrogen Receptor Alpha, and Melatonin Receptor 2. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2024:10.1007/s00213-024-06619-4. [PMID: 38842700 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-024-06619-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE Evidence of the effects of chronic caffeine (CAFF)-containing beverages, alone or in combination with agomelatine (AGO) or quetiapine (QUET), on electroencephalography (EEG), which is relevant to cognition, epileptogenesis, and ovarian function, remains lacking. Estrogenic, adenosinergic, and melatonergic signaling is possibly linked to the dynamics of these substances. OBJECTIVES The brain and ovarian effects of CAFF were compared with those of AGO + CAFF and QUET + CAFF. The implications of estrogenic, adenosinergic, and melatonergic signaling and the brain-ovarian crosstalk were investigated. METHODS Adult female rats were administered AGO (10 mg/kg), QUET (10 mg/kg), CAFF, AGO + CAFF, or QUET + CAFF, once daily for 8 weeks. EEG, estrous cycle progression, and microstructure of the brain and ovaries were examined. Brain and ovarian 17β-estradiol (E2), antimullerian hormone (AMH), estrogen receptor alpha (E2Rα), adenosine receptor 2A (A2AR), and melatonin receptor 2 (MT2R) were assessed. RESULTS CAFF, alone or combined with AGO or QUET, reduced the maximum EEG peak, which was positively linked to ovarian E2Rα, negatively correlated to cortical neurodegeneration and ovarian MT2R, and associated with cystic ovaries. A large corpus luteum emerged with AGO + CAFF and QUET + CAFF, antagonizing the CAFF-mediated increased ovarian A2AR and reduced cortical E2Rα. AGO + CAFF provoked TTP delay and increased ovarian AMH, while QUET + CAFF slowed source EEG frequency to δ range and increased brain E2. CONCLUSIONS CAFF treatment triggered brain and ovarian derangements partially antagonized with concurrent AGO or QUET administration but with no overt affection of estrus cycle progression. Estrogenic, adenosinergic, and melatonergic signaling and brain-ovarian crosstalk may explain these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherine Abdelmissih
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Kasr Al-Ainy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Sara Adel Hosny
- Department of Medical Histology, Faculty of Medicine Kasr Al-Ainy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heba M Elwi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Kasr Al-Ainy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walaa Mohamed Sayed
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine Kasr Al-Ainy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Ali Eshra
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Kasr Al-Ainy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Olfat Gamil Shaker
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Kasr Al-Ainy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nancy F Samir
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Kasr Al-Ainy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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3
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Ahmad M, Kim J, Dwyer B, Sokoloff G, Blumberg MS. DELTA-RHYTHMIC ACTIVITY IN THE MEDULLA DEVELOPS COINCIDENT WITH CORTICAL DELTA IN SLEEPING INFANT RATS. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.12.16.572000. [PMID: 38168267 PMCID: PMC10760077 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.16.572000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
In early development, active sleep is the predominant sleep state before it is supplanted by quiet sleep. In rats, the developmental increase in quiet sleep is accompanied by the sudden emergence of the cortical delta rhythm (0.5-4 Hz) around postnatal day 12 (P12). We sought to explain the emergence of cortical delta by assessing developmental changes in the activity of the parafacial zone (PZ), a medullary structure thought to regulate quiet sleep in adults. We recorded from PZ in P10 and P12 rats and predicted an age-related increase in neural activity during increasing periods of delta-rich cortical activity. Instead, during quiet sleep we discovered sleep-dependent rhythmic spiking activity-with intervening periods of total silence-phase-locked to a local delta rhythm. Moreover, PZ and cortical delta were coherent at P12, but not at P10. PZ delta was also phase-locked to respiration, suggesting sleep-dependent modulation of PZ activity by respiratory pacemakers in the ventral medulla. Disconnecting the main olfactory bulbs from the cortex did not diminish cortical delta, indicating that the influence of respiration on delta at this age is not mediated indirectly through nasal breathing. Finally, we observed an increase in parvalbumin-expressing terminals in PZ across these ages, supporting a role for GABAergic inhibition in PZ's rhythmicity. The discovery of delta-rhythmic neural activity in the medulla-when cortical delta is also emerging-opens a new path to understanding the brainstem's role in regulating sleep and synchronizing rhythmic activity throughout the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Midha Ahmad
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Jangjin Kim
- Department of Psychology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Brett Dwyer
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Greta Sokoloff
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
| | - Mark S Blumberg
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
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4
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Bordoni B, Escher AR. Motor Dysfunctions in Fibromyalgia Patients: The Importance of Breathing. Open Access Rheumatol 2024; 16:55-66. [PMID: 38476512 PMCID: PMC10929242 DOI: 10.2147/oarrr.s442327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The classification of fibromyalgia (FM) is not always immediate and simple, with the time from the first diagnosis, compared to the onset of symptoms, of a few years. Currently, we do not have instrumental or biochemical tests considered as gold standards; the clinician will make a diagnosis of FM based on the patient's medical history and subjective assessment. The symptoms can involve physical, cognitive and psychological disorders, with the presence of pain of different origins and classifications: nociplastic, nociceptive and neuropathic pain. Among the symptoms highlighted, postural disorders and neuromotor uncoordination emerge, whose functional dysfunctions can increase the mortality and morbidity rate. An alteration of the diaphragm muscle could generate such functional motor problems. Considering that the current literature underestimates the importance of breathing in FM, the article aims to highlight the relationship between motor and diaphragmatic difficulties in the patient, soliciting new points of view for the clinical and therapeutic framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Bordoni
- Dipartimento di Cardiologia, Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi IRCCS, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura, S Maria Nascente, Milano, 20100, Italia
| | - Allan R Escher
- Anesthesiology/Pain Medicine, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
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5
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Athanassi A, Breton M, Chalençon L, Brunelin J, Didier A, Bath K, Mandairon N. Chronic unpredictable mild stress alters odor hedonics and adult olfactory neurogenesis in mice. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1224941. [PMID: 37600017 PMCID: PMC10435088 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1224941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Experiencing chronic stress significantly increases the risk for depression. Depression is a complex disorder with varied symptoms across patients. However, feeling of sadness and decreased motivation, and diminished feeling of pleasure (anhedonia) appear to be core to most depressive pathology. Odorants are potent signals that serve a critical role in social interactions, avoiding danger, and consummatory behaviors. Diminished quality of olfactory function is associated with negative effects on quality of life leading to and aggravating the symptoms of depression. Odor hedonic value (I like or I dislike this smell) is a dominant feature of olfaction and guides approach or avoidance behavior of the odor source. The neural representation of the hedonic value of odorants is carried by the granule cells in the olfactory bulb, which functions to modulate the cortical relay of olfactory information. The granule cells of the olfactory bulb and those of the dentate gyrus are the two major populations of cells in the adult brain with continued neurogenesis into adulthood. In hippocampus, decreased neurogenesis has been linked to development or maintenance of depression symptoms. Here, we hypothesize that chronic mild stress can alter olfactory hedonics through effects on the olfactory bulb neurogenesis, contributing to the broader anhedonia phenotype in stress-associated depression. To test this, mice were subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress and then tested on measures of depressive-like behaviors, odor hedonics, and measures of olfactory neurogenesis. Chronic unpredictable mild stress led to a selective effect on odor hedonics, diminishing attraction to pleasant but not unpleasant odorants, an effect that was accompanied by a specific decrease in adult neurogenesis and of the percentage of adult-born cells responding to pleasant odorants in the olfactory bulb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Athanassi
- INSERM, U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Neuropop Team, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université Jean Monnet, Bron, France
| | - Marine Breton
- INSERM, U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Neuropop Team, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université Jean Monnet, Bron, France
| | - Laura Chalençon
- INSERM, U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Neuropop Team, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université Jean Monnet, Bron, France
| | - Jérome Brunelin
- Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Bron, France
- INSERM, U1028, CNRS UMR5292, PSYR2 Team, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université Jean Monnet, Bron, France
| | - Anne Didier
- INSERM, U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Neuropop Team, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université Jean Monnet, Bron, France
| | - Kevin Bath
- Division of Developmental Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Research Foundation for Mental Hygiene, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical College, New York, NY, United States
| | - Nathalie Mandairon
- INSERM, U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Neuropop Team, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université Jean Monnet, Bron, France
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6
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Kocsis B, Pittman-Polletta B. Neuropsychiatric consequences of COVID-19 related olfactory dysfunction: could non-olfactory cortical-bound inputs from damaged olfactory bulb also contribute to cognitive impairment? Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1164042. [PMID: 37425004 PMCID: PMC10323442 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1164042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bernat Kocsis
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
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7
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Basha D, Chauvette S, Sheroziya M, Timofeev I. Respiration organizes gamma synchrony in the prefronto-thalamic network. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8529. [PMID: 37237017 PMCID: PMC10219931 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35516-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple cognitive operations are associated with the emergence of gamma oscillations in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) although little is known about the mechanisms that control this rhythm. Using local field potential recordings from cats, we show that periodic bursts of gamma recur with 1 Hz regularity in the wake mPFC and are locked to the exhalation phase of the respiratory cycle. Respiration organizes long-range coherence in the gamma band between the mPFC and the nucleus reuniens the thalamus (Reu), linking the prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus. In vivo intracellular recordings of the mouse thalamus reveal that respiration timing is propagated by synaptic activity in Reu and likely underlies the emergence of gamma bursts in the prefrontal cortex. Our findings highlight breathing as an important substrate for long-range neuronal synchronization across the prefrontal circuit, a key network for cognitive operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diellor Basha
- Département de Psychiatrie Et de Neurosciences, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
- CERVO Centre de Recherche, Université Laval, 2301 Av. D'Estimauville, Québec, QC, G1E 1T2, Canada
| | - Sylvain Chauvette
- CERVO Centre de Recherche, Université Laval, 2301 Av. D'Estimauville, Québec, QC, G1E 1T2, Canada
| | - Maxim Sheroziya
- Département de Psychiatrie Et de Neurosciences, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
- CERVO Centre de Recherche, Université Laval, 2301 Av. D'Estimauville, Québec, QC, G1E 1T2, Canada
| | - Igor Timofeev
- Département de Psychiatrie Et de Neurosciences, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
- CERVO Centre de Recherche, Université Laval, 2301 Av. D'Estimauville, Québec, QC, G1E 1T2, Canada.
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Rhythmic firing of neurons in the medulla of conscious freely behaving rats: rhythmic coupling with baroreceptor input. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:77-87. [PMID: 35396959 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-022-02687-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Recent investigations emphasized the importance of neural control of cardiovascular adjustments in complex behaviors, including stress, exercise, arousal, sleep-wake states, and different tasks. Baroreceptor feedback is an essential component of this system acting on different time scales from maintaining stable levels of cardiovascular parameters on the long-term to rapid alterations according to behavior. The baroreceptor input is essentially rhythmic, reflecting periodic fluctuations in arterial blood pressure. Cardiac rhythm is a prominent feature of the autonomic control system, present on different levels, including neuron activity in central circuits. The mechanism of rhythmic entrainment of neuron firing by the baroreceptor input was studied in great detail under anesthesia, but recordings of sympathetic-related neuron firing in freely moving animals remain extremely scarce. In this study, we recorded multiple single neuron activity in the reticular formation of the medulla in freely moving rats during natural behavior. Neurons firing in synchrony with the cardiac rhythm were detected in each experiment (n = 4). In agreement with prior observations in anesthetized cats, we found that neurons in this area exhibited high neuron-to-neuron variability and temporal flexibility in their coupling to cardiac rhythm in freely moving rats, as well. This included firing in bursts at multiples of cardiac cycles, but not directly coupled to the heartbeat, supporting the concept of baroreceptor input entraining intrinsic neural oscillations rather than imposing a rhythm of solely external origin on these networks. It may also point to a mechanism of maintaining the basic characteristics of sympathetic neuron activity, i.e., burst discharge and cardiac-related rhythmicity, on the background of behavior-related adjustments in their firing rate.
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9
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Mysin I, Shubina L. Hippocampal non-theta state: The "Janus face" of information processing. Front Neural Circuits 2023; 17:1134705. [PMID: 36960401 PMCID: PMC10027749 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2023.1134705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The vast majority of studies on hippocampal rhythms have been conducted on animals or humans in situations where their attention was focused on external stimuli or solving cognitive tasks. These studies formed the basis for the idea that rhythmical activity coordinates the work of neurons during information processing. However, at rest, when attention is not directed to external stimuli, brain rhythms do not disappear, although the parameters of oscillatory activity change. What is the functional load of rhythmical activity at rest? Hippocampal oscillatory activity during rest is called the non-theta state, as opposed to the theta state, a characteristic activity during active behavior. We dedicate our review to discussing the present state of the art in the research of the non-theta state. The key provisions of the review are as follows: (1) the non-theta state has its own characteristics of oscillatory and neuronal activity; (2) hippocampal non-theta state is possibly caused and maintained by change of rhythmicity of medial septal input under the influence of raphe nuclei; (3) there is no consensus in the literature about cognitive functions of the non-theta-non-ripple state; and (4) the antagonistic relationship between theta and delta rhythms observed in rodents is not always observed in humans. Most attention is paid to the non-theta-non-ripple state, since this aspect of hippocampal activity has not been investigated properly and discussed in reviews.
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10
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González J, Cavelli M, Mondino A, Castro-Zaballa S, Brankačk J, Draguhn A, Torterolo P, Tort ABL. Breathing modulates gamma synchronization across species. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:49-63. [PMID: 36190562 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-022-02753-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Nasal respiration influences brain dynamics by phase-entraining neural oscillations at the same frequency as the breathing rate and by phase-modulating the activity of faster gamma rhythms. Despite being widely reported, we still do not understand the functional roles of respiration-entrained oscillations. A common hypothesis is that these rhythms aid long-range communication and provide a privileged window for synchronization. Here we tested this hypothesis by analyzing electrocorticographic (ECoG) recordings in mice, rats, and cats during the different sleep-wake states. We found that the respiration phase modulates the amplitude of cortical gamma oscillations in the three species, although the modulated gamma frequency bands differed with faster oscillations (90-130 Hz) in mice, intermediate frequencies (60-100 Hz) in rats, and slower activity (30-60 Hz) in cats. In addition, our results also show that respiration modulates olfactory bulb-frontal cortex synchronization in the gamma range, in which each breathing cycle evokes (following a delay) a transient time window of increased gamma synchrony. Long-range gamma synchrony modulation occurs during quiet and active wake states but decreases during sleep. Thus, our results suggest that respiration-entrained brain rhythms orchestrate communication in awake mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín González
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay. .,Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, RN, 59078, Brazil.
| | - Matias Cavelli
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 6001 Research Park Blvd, Madison, WI, 53719, USA
| | - Alejandra Mondino
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Santiago Castro-Zaballa
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Jurij Brankačk
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Draguhn
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pablo Torterolo
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Adriano B L Tort
- Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, RN, 59078, Brazil.
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11
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Respiratory influence on brain dynamics: the preponderant role of the nasal pathway and deep slow regime. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:23-35. [PMID: 35768698 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-022-02722-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
As a possible body signal influencing brain dynamics, respiration is fundamental for perception, cognition, and emotion. The olfactory system has recently acquired its credentials by proving to be crucial in the transmission of respiratory influence on the brain via the sensitivity to nasal airflow of its receptor cells. Here, we present recent findings evidencing respiration-related activities in the brain. Then, we review the data explaining the fact that breathing is (i) nasal and (ii) being slow and deep is crucial in its ability to stimulate the olfactory system and consequently influence the brain. In conclusion, we propose a possible scenario explaining how this optimal respiratory regime can promote changes in brain dynamics of an olfacto-limbic-respiratory circuit, providing a possibility to induce calm and relaxation by coordinating breathing regime and brain state.
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12
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Candia-Rivera D, Sappia MS, Horschig JM, Colier WNJM, Valenza G. Confounding effects of heart rate, breathing rate, and frontal fNIRS on interoception. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20701. [PMID: 36450811 PMCID: PMC9712694 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25119-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have established that cardiac and respiratory phases can modulate perception and related neural dynamics. While heart rate and respiratory sinus arrhythmia possibly affect interoception biomarkers, such as heartbeat-evoked potentials, the relative changes in heart rate and cardiorespiratory dynamics in interoceptive processes have not yet been investigated. In this study, we investigated the variation in heart and breathing rates, as well as higher functional dynamics including cardiorespiratory correlation and frontal hemodynamics measured with fNIRS, during a heartbeat counting task. To further investigate the functional physiology linked to changes in vagal activity caused by specific breathing rates, we performed the heartbeat counting task together with a controlled breathing rate task. The results demonstrate that focusing on heartbeats decreases breathing and heart rates in comparison, which may be part of the physiological mechanisms related to "listening" to the heart, the focus of attention, and self-awareness. Focusing on heartbeats was also observed to increase frontal connectivity, supporting the role of frontal structures in the neural monitoring of visceral inputs. However, cardiorespiratory correlation is affected by both heartbeats counting and controlled breathing tasks. Based on these results, we concluded that variations in heart and breathing rates are confounding factors in the assessment of interoceptive abilities and relative fluctuations in breathing and heart rates should be considered to be a mode of covariate measurement of interoceptive processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Candia-Rivera
- Bioengineering and Robotics Research Center E. Piaggio & Department of Information Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Pisa, 56122, Pisa, Italy.
| | - M Sofía Sappia
- Artinis Medical Systems, B.V., Einsteinweg 17, 6662 PW, Elst, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Behaviour and Cognition, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 EN, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jörn M Horschig
- Artinis Medical Systems, B.V., Einsteinweg 17, 6662 PW, Elst, The Netherlands
| | - Willy N J M Colier
- Artinis Medical Systems, B.V., Einsteinweg 17, 6662 PW, Elst, The Netherlands
| | - Gaetano Valenza
- Bioengineering and Robotics Research Center E. Piaggio & Department of Information Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Pisa, 56122, Pisa, Italy
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13
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Ramirez-Gordillo D, Bayer KU, Restrepo D. Hippocampal-prefrontal theta coupling develops as mice become proficient in associative odorant discrimination learning. eNeuro 2022; 9:ENEURO.0259-22.2022. [PMID: 36127136 PMCID: PMC9536857 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0259-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Learning and memory requires coordinated activity between different regions of the brain. Here we studied the interaction between infralimbic medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and hippocampal dorsal CA1 during associative odorant discrimination learning in the mouse. We found that as the animal learns to discriminate odorants in a go-no go task, the coupling of high frequency neural oscillations to the phase of theta oscillations (theta-referenced phase-amplitude coupling or tPAC) changes in a manner that results in divergence between rewarded and unrewarded odorant-elicited changes in the theta-phase referenced power (tPRP) for beta and gamma oscillations. In addition, in the proficient animal there was a decrease in the coordinated oscillatory activity between CA1 and mPFC in the presence of the unrewarded odorant. Furthermore, the changes in tPAC resulted in a marked increase in the accuracy for decoding contextual odorant identity from tPRP when the animal became proficient. Finally, we studied the role of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II α (CaMKIIα), a protein involved in learning and memory, in oscillatory neural processing in this task. We find that the accuracy for decoding the contextual odorant identity from tPRP decreases in CaMKIIα knockout mice and that this accuracy correlates with behavioral performance. These results implicate a role for tPAC and CaMKIIα in olfactory go-no go associative learning in the hippocampal-prefrontal circuit.Significance statementCoupling of neural oscillations within and between hippocampal CA1 and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is involved in spatial learning and memory, but the role of oscillation coupling for other learning tasks is not well understood. Here we performed local field potential recording in CA1 and mPFC in mice learning to differentiate rewarded from unrewarded odorants in an associative learning task. We find that odorant-elicited changes in the power of bursts of gamma oscillations at distinct phases of theta oscillations become divergent as the animal becomes proficient allowing decoding of contextual odorant identity. Finally, we find that the accuracy to decode contextual odorant identity decreases in mice deficient for the expression of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II α, a protein involved in synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ramirez-Gordillo
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - K Ulrich Bayer
- Neuroscience Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Diego Restrepo
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Neuroscience Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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14
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Staszelis A, Mofleh R, Kocsis B. The effect of ketamine on delta-range coupling between prefrontal cortex and hippocampus supported by respiratory rhythmic input from the olfactory bulb. Brain Res 2022; 1791:147996. [PMID: 35779582 PMCID: PMC10038235 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2022.147996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory rhythm plays an important role in cognitive functions in rodents, as well as in humans. Respiratory related oscillation (RRO), generated in the olfactory bulb (OB), is an extrinsic rhythm imposed on brain networks. In rats, RRO can couple with intrinsic brain oscillations at theta frequency during sniffing and in the delta range outside of such episodes. Disruption of gamma synchronization in cortical networks by ketamine is well established whereas its effects on slow rhythms are poorly understood. We found in this study, that RRO in prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (HC) remains present after ketamine injection, even on the background of highly unstable respiratory rate, co-incident with "psychotic-like" behavior and abnormal cortical gamma activity. Guided by the timing of ketamine-induced gamma reaction, pairwise coherences between structures exhibiting RRO and their correlation structure was statistically tested in 5-min segments post-injection (0-25 min) and during recovery (1, 5, 10 h). As in control, RRO in the OB was firmly followed by cortical-bound OB exits directed toward PFC but not to HC. RRO between these structures, however, significantly correlated with OB-HC but not with OB-PFC. The only exception to this general observation was observed during a short transitional period, immediately after injection. Ketamine has a remarkable history in psychiatric research. Modeling chronic NMDA-hypofunction using acute NMDA-receptor blockade shifted the primary focus of schizophrenia research to dysfunctional cortical microcircuitry and the recent discovery of ketamine's antidepressant actions extended investigations to neurophysiology of anxiety and depression. Cortical oscillations are relevant for understanding their pathomechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rola Mofleh
- Dept Psychiatry at BIDMC, Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - Bernat Kocsis
- Dept Psychiatry at BIDMC, Harvard Medical School, USA.
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15
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Zhu P, Liu S, Tian Y, Chen Y, Chen W, Wang P, Du L, Wu C. Odor-induced modification of oscillations and related theta-higher gamma coupling in olfactory bulb neurons of awake and anesthetized rats. Front Chem 2022; 10:865006. [PMID: 35978860 PMCID: PMC9376862 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.865006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Olfactory gamma oscillations (40–100 Hz) are generated spontaneously in animals and represent the activity of local olfactory bulb (OB) networks, which play important roles in cognitive mechanisms. In addition, high-frequency oscillations (HFO, 130–180 Hz) have attracted widespread attention and are novel neuronal oscillations with a frequency range closer to high gamma oscillations (60–100 Hz, HGOs). Both HGOs and HFOs are distinctly regulated by θ rhythm in the hippocampus. To understand their mediation mechanisms in the OB, we investigated whether local field potential (LFP) oscillations including HGOs and HFOs and even their coupling with theta rhythm are modified by odor stimulation in both freely moving and anesthetized rats. Therefore, we combined electrophysiological technology and cross-frequency coupling analysis approaches to determine the difference in the odor-modulated LFP oscillations between awake and anesthetized rats. The obtained results indicate that LFP oscillations including HGOs and HFOs were differently modified by odor stimulation in animals of both states. However, θ-HGO and θ-HFO coupling were modified in only awake animals. It is suggested that these oscillations and their interactions with theta oscillations may play crucial roles in olfactory network activity. This could pave the way for further understanding the underlying mechanisms of oscillations in OB neurons towards odor sensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhu
- Department of Biophysics, Health Science Center, Institute of Medical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education of China, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shuge Liu
- Department of Biophysics, Health Science Center, Institute of Medical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education of China, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yulan Tian
- Department of Biophysics, Health Science Center, Institute of Medical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education of China, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yating Chen
- Department of Biophysics, Health Science Center, Institute of Medical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education of China, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Biophysics, Health Science Center, Institute of Medical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education of China, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liping Du
- Department of Biophysics, Health Science Center, Institute of Medical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education of China, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Liping Du, ; Chunsheng Wu,
| | - Chunsheng Wu
- Department of Biophysics, Health Science Center, Institute of Medical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education of China, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Liping Du, ; Chunsheng Wu,
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16
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Adlan LG, Csordás-Nagy M, Bodosi B, Kalmár G, Nyúl LG, Nagy A, Kekesi G, Büki A, Horvath G. Sleep-Wake Rhythm and Oscillatory Pattern Analysis in a Multiple Hit Schizophrenia Rat Model (Wisket). Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 15:799271. [PMID: 35153694 PMCID: PMC8831724 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.799271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Electroencephalography studies in schizophrenia reported impairments in circadian rhythm and oscillatory activity, which may reflect the deficits in cognitive and sensory processing. The current study evaluated the circadian rhythm and the state-dependent oscillatory pattern in control Wistar and a multiple hit schizophrenia rat model (Wisket) using custom-made software for identification of the artifacts and the classification of sleep-wake stages and the active and quiet awake substages. The Wisket animals have a clear light-dark cycle similar to controls, and their sleep-wake rhythm showed only a tendency to spend more time in non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and less in rapid eye movement (REM) stages. In spite of the weak diurnal variation in oscillation in both groups, the Wisket rats had higher power in the low-frequency delta, alpha, and beta bands and lower power in the high-frequency theta and gamma bands in most stages. Furthermore, the significant differences between the two groups were pronounced in the active waking substage. These data suggest that the special changes in the oscillatory pattern of this schizophrenia rat model may have a significant role in the impaired cognitive functions observed in previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leatitia Gabriella Adlan
- Department of Physiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Mátyás Csordás-Nagy
- Department of Technical Informatics, Faculty of Science and Informatics, Institute of Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Balázs Bodosi
- Department of Physiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - György Kalmár
- Department of Technical Informatics, Faculty of Science and Informatics, Institute of Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - László G. Nyúl
- Department of Image Processing and Computer Graphics, Faculty of Science and Informatics, Institute of Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Attila Nagy
- Department of Physiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Kekesi
- Department of Physiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Alexandra Büki
- Department of Physiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gyongyi Horvath
- Department of Physiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- *Correspondence: Gyongyi Horvath,
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17
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Breathing coordinates cortico-hippocampal dynamics in mice during offline states. Nat Commun 2022; 13:467. [PMID: 35075139 PMCID: PMC8786964 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28090-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Network dynamics have been proposed as a mechanistic substrate for the information transfer across cortical and hippocampal circuits. However, little is known about the mechanisms that synchronize and coordinate these processes across widespread brain regions during offline states. Here we address the hypothesis that breathing acts as an oscillatory pacemaker, persistently coupling distributed brain circuit dynamics. Using large-scale recordings from a number of cortical and subcortical brain regions in behaving mice, we uncover the presence of an intracerebral respiratory corollary discharge, that modulates neural activity across these circuits. During offline states, the respiratory modulation underlies the coupling of hippocampal sharp-wave ripples and cortical DOWN/UP state transitions, which mediates systems memory consolidation. These results highlight breathing, a perennial brain rhythm, as an oscillatory scaffold for the functional coordination of the limbic circuit that supports the segregation and integration of information flow across neuronal networks during offline states. Using large-scale recordings from cortical and subcortical brain regions in behaving mice, the authors reveal the presence of a respiratory corollary discharge in mice, that modulates neural activity across these circuits and couples hippocampal sharp-wave ripples and cortical DOWN/UP state transitions.
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18
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Mofleh R, Kocsis B. Respiratory coupling between prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of rats anaesthetized with urethane in theta and non-theta states. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 54:5507-5517. [PMID: 34237172 PMCID: PMC10015214 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory modulation of forebrain activity, long considered hard to reliably separate from breathing artefacts, has been firmly established in recent years using a variety of advanced techniques. Respiratory-related oscillation (RRO) is derived from rhythmic nasal airflow in the olfactory bulb (OB) and is conveyed to higher order brain networks, including the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (HC), where it may potentially contribute to communication between these structures by synchronizing their activities at the respiratory rate. RRO was shown to change with sleep-wake states; it is strongest in quiet waking, somewhat less in active waking, characterized with theta activity in the HC, and absent in sleep. The goal of this study was to test RRO synchronization between PFC and HC under urethane anaesthesia where theta and non-theta states spontaneously alternate. We found that in theta states, PFC-HC coherences significantly correlated with OB-HC but not with OB-PFC, even though RRO was stronger in PFC than in HC. In non-theta states, PFC-HC synchrony correlated with coherences connecting OB to either PFC or HC. Thus, similar to freely behaving rats, PFC-HC synchrony at RRO was primarily dependent on the response of HC to the common rhythmic drive, but only in theta state. The findings help outlining the value and the limits of applications in which urethane-anaesthetized rats can be used for modelling the neural mechanisms of RRO in behaving animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rola Mofleh
- Department of Psychiatry at BIDMC, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bernat Kocsis
- Department of Psychiatry at BIDMC, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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