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Tay EA, Vijayakumar V, Morales RF, Lee ES, Teo A. Protecting the endothelial glycocalyx in COVID-19. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1012203. [PMID: 38753622 PMCID: PMC11098429 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Emira Adam Tay
- School of Applied Science, Republic Polytechnic, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | - Ee Soo Lee
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Andrew Teo
- National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, The Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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2
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Terasawa M, Zang L, Hiramoto K, Shimada Y, Mitsunaka M, Uchida R, Nishiura K, Matsuda K, Nishimura N, Suzuki K. Oral Administration of Rhamnan Sulfate from Monostroma nitidum Suppresses Atherosclerosis in ApoE-Deficient Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet. Cells 2023; 12:2666. [PMID: 37998401 PMCID: PMC10670814 DOI: 10.3390/cells12222666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral administration of rhamnan sulfate (RS), derived from the seaweed Monostroma nitidum, markedly suppresses inflammatory damage in the vascular endothelium and organs of lipopolysaccharide-treated mice. This study aimed to analyze whether orally administered RS inhibits the development of atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammation of the arteries. ApoE-deficient female mice were fed a normal or high-fat diet (HFD) with or without RS for 12 weeks. Immunohistochemical and mRNA analyses of atherosclerosis-related genes were performed. The effect of RS on the migration of RAW264.7 cells was also examined in vitro. RS administration suppressed the increase in blood total cholesterol and triglyceride levels. In the aorta of HFD-fed mice, RS reduced vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, macrophage accumulation, and elevation of VCAM-1 and inhibited the reduction of Robo4. Increased mRNA levels of Vcam1, Mmp9, and Srebp1 in atherosclerotic areas of HFD-fed mice were also suppressed with RS. Moreover, RS directly inhibited the migration of RAW264.7 cells in vitro. Thus, in HFD-fed ApoE-deficient mice, oral administration of RS ameliorated abnormal lipid metabolism and reduced vascular endothelial inflammation and hyperpermeability, macrophage infiltration and accumulation, and smooth muscle cell proliferation in the arteries leading to atherosclerosis. These results suggest that RS is an effective functional food for the prevention of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Terasawa
- Konan Chemical Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Kitagomizuka, Kusu-cho, Yokkaichi 510-0103, Japan; (M.T.); (R.U.); (K.N.); (K.M.)
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Minamitamagaki-cho, Suzuka 513-8670, Japan;
| | - Liqing Zang
- Graduate School of Regional Innovation Studies, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; (L.Z.); (N.N.)
| | - Keiichi Hiramoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Minamitamagaki-cho, Suzuka 513-8670, Japan;
| | - Yasuhito Shimada
- Department of Integrative Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; (Y.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Mari Mitsunaka
- Department of Integrative Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; (Y.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Ryota Uchida
- Konan Chemical Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Kitagomizuka, Kusu-cho, Yokkaichi 510-0103, Japan; (M.T.); (R.U.); (K.N.); (K.M.)
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Minamitamagaki-cho, Suzuka 513-8670, Japan;
| | - Kaoru Nishiura
- Konan Chemical Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Kitagomizuka, Kusu-cho, Yokkaichi 510-0103, Japan; (M.T.); (R.U.); (K.N.); (K.M.)
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Konan Chemical Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Kitagomizuka, Kusu-cho, Yokkaichi 510-0103, Japan; (M.T.); (R.U.); (K.N.); (K.M.)
| | - Norihiro Nishimura
- Graduate School of Regional Innovation Studies, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; (L.Z.); (N.N.)
| | - Koji Suzuki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Minamitamagaki-cho, Suzuka 513-8670, Japan;
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Li K, Chen Y, Xie J, Cai W, Pang C, Cui C, Huan Y, Deng B. How vitamins act as novel agents for ameliorating diabetic peripheral neuropathy: A comprehensive overview. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 91:102064. [PMID: 37689144 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a pervasive and incapacitating sequela of diabetes, affecting a significant proportion of those diagnosed with the disease, yet an effective treatment remains elusive. Vitamins have been extensively studied, emerging as a promising target for diagnosing and treating various systemic diseases, but their role in DPN is not known. This review collates and synthesizes knowledge regarding the interplay between vitamins and DPN, drawing on bibliographies from prior studies and relevant articles, and stratifying the therapeutic strategies from prophylactic to interventional. In addition, the clinical evidence supporting the use of vitamins to ameliorate DPN is also evaluated, underscoring the potential of vitamins as putative therapeutic agents. We anticipate that this review will offer novel insights for developing and applying vitamin-based therapies for DPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kezheng Li
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China; First School of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Yinuo Chen
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China; First School of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Jiali Xie
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Weiwei Cai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Chunyang Pang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Can Cui
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Skåne, Sweden
| | - Yu Huan
- Department of Pediatrics, Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Binbin Deng
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China; First School of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China.
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4
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Wu JY, Tso R, Teo HS, Haldar S. The utility of algae as sources of high value nutritional ingredients, particularly for alternative/complementary proteins to improve human health. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1277343. [PMID: 37904788 PMCID: PMC10613476 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1277343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
As the global population continues to grow, the demand for dietary protein is rapidly increasing, necessitating the exploration of sustainable and nutritious protein sources. Algae has emerged as a promising food source due to their high value ingredients such as proteins, as well as for their environmental sustainability and abundance. However, knowledge gaps surrounding dietary recommendations and food applications restrict algae's utilization as a viable protein source. This review aims to address these gaps by assessing the suitability of both microalgae and macroalgae as alternative/complementary protein sources and exploring their potential applications in food products. The first section examines the potential suitability of algae as a major food source by analyzing the composition and bioavailability of key components in algal biomass, including proteins, lipids, dietary fiber, and micronutrients. Secondly, the biological effects of algae, particularly their impact on metabolic health are investigated with an emphasis on available clinical evidence. While evidence reveals protective effects of algae on glucose and lipid homeostasis as well as anti-inflammatory properties, further research is required to understand the longer-term impact of consuming algal protein, protein isolates, and concentrates on metabolic health, including protein metabolism. The review then explores the potential of algal proteins in food applications, including ways to overcome their sensory limitations, such as their dark pigmentation, taste, and odor, in order to improve consumer acceptance. To maximize algae's potential as a valuable protein source in the food sector, future research should prioritize the production of more acceptable algal biomass and explore new advances in food sciences and technology for improved consumer acceptance. Overall, this paper supports the potential utility of algae as a sustainable and healthy ingredient source for widespread use in future food production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yee Wu
- Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rachel Tso
- Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hwee Sze Teo
- Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sumanto Haldar
- Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, United Kingdom
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5
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Liu J, Wang S, Yi R, Long X, Luo G, Zhao X, He Y. LimosiLactobacillus pentosus Isolated from Mustard Relieves Drug-induced Constipation in Mice Fed a High-fat Diet by Modulating Enteric Neurotransmitter Function. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023; 15:1371-1381. [PMID: 36083465 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-022-09991-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Functional constipation is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders. Oxidative stress can aggravate organ dysfunction. Enteric neurotransmitters have significant effects on the regulation of the enteric nervous system and intestinal muscle contraction. Oxidative stress and reduced gastrointestinal motility are considered to be one of the main causes of constipation. This study aimed to investigate whether LimosiLactobacillus pentosus CQZC02 alleviated loperamide hydrochloride (Lop)-induced constipation in mice under high-fat diet (HFD) conditions and to elucidate the underlying mechanism, focusing on enteric neurotransmitters. Four-week-old female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into five groups: normal group (Nor), constipation model group (H-Lop), L. pentosus CQZC02 low-dose group (H-Lop + ZC02L), L. pentosus CQZC02 high-dose group (H-Lop + ZC02H), and LimosiLactobacillus bulgaricus control group (H-Lop + LB). The fecal weight, water content, and total gastrointestinal transit time were measured to determine whether the mice were constipated. Small bowel and colon tissue damage was assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining, while the degree of damage was determined by double-blind scoring. The levels of serum oxidative stress markers malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase and neurotransmitters motilin, gastrin, substance P, endothelin, somatostatin, and vasoactive intestinal peptide were measured. The gene expression levels of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, inducible nitric oxide synthase, neuronal nitric oxide synthase, nuclear factor kappa-B, and cyclooxygenase-2 in small intestine tissue were calculated. The constipation symptoms of mice in H-Lop group were manifested by a variety of physiological indicators. In addition, compared with the H-Lop group, H-Lop + ZC02H could effectively relieve the symptoms of constipation in mice. In symptom characterization, the mice in the H-Lop + ZC02H group lost weight and increased feces and water content. In functional experiments, gastrointestinal motility was enhanced; the inflammation score of intestinal tissue was decreased, and gene expression levels were modulated; serum oxidative factor levels were modulated, and oxidative stress levels were decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Child Nutrition and Health Development, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, 400067, China
| | - Shuaiqi Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Ruokun Yi
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Child Nutrition and Health Development, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, 400067, China
| | - Xingyao Long
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Child Nutrition and Health Development, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, 400067, China
| | - Guangli Luo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Child Nutrition and Health Development, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, 400067, China.
| | - Yongpeng He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, China.
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6
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Chi Y, Jiang Y, Wang Z, Nie X, Luo S. Preparation, structures, and biological functions of rhamnan sulfate from green seaweed of the genus Monostroma: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 249:125964. [PMID: 37487994 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Rhamnan sulfate, a rhamnose-rich sulfated polysaccharide, is present in the cell walls of green seaweed belonging to the genus Monostroma. This macromolecule demonstrates promising therapeutic properties, including anti-coagulant, thrombolytic, anti-viral, anti-obesity, and anti-inflammatory activities, which hold potential applications in food and medical industries. However, rhamnan sulfate has not garnered as much attention from researchers as other seaweed polysaccharides, including alginate, carrageenan, and fucoidan. This review discusses the extraction and purification techniques of rhamnan sulfate, delves into its chemical structures and related elucidation approaches, and provides an overview of its biological functions. Future research should focus on the structure-activity relationship of rhamnan sulfate and the industrial preparation of rhamnan sulfate with a specific homogeneous structure to facilitate its practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhou Chi
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223003, China.
| | - Yanhui Jiang
- Faculty of Electronic Information Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223003, China
| | - Zhaoyu Wang
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223003, China
| | - Xiaobao Nie
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223003, China
| | - Si Luo
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223003, China
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7
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Sun C, Song R, Zhou J, Jia Y, Lu J. Fermented Bamboo Fiber Improves Productive Performance by Regulating Gut Microbiota and Inhibiting Chronic Inflammation of Sows and Piglets during Late Gestation and Lactation. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0408422. [PMID: 37042787 PMCID: PMC10269633 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04084-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Sows exhibit metabolic syndrome and significant changes in intestinal microbiota during late gestation and lactation, affecting sow performance and piglet health. Dietary fiber (DF) is widely applied to improve sow performance by modulating gut microbiota and their by-products. Here, 60 sows were randomly allocated to groups, including CON (8% wheat bran), FBF-1 (1% fermented bamboo fiber), FBF-2 (2.5% fermented bamboo fiber), and FBF-3 (4% fermented bamboo fiber) from day 80 of gestation (G80d) to the end of lactation (L21d). Compared with CON, the FBF-3 diet decreased lactation backfat loss, increased average daily feed intake (ADFI) during lactation, and the weight gain of piglets, while supplementation of FBF increased fecal water content and reduced the rate of constipation in sows. Further, the yield and quality of milk of sows in FBF groups were improved. The FBF-3 diet significantly reduced markers of intestinal permeability (diamine oxidase and endotoxin) and systemic inflammation (interleukin-6 [IL-6] and tumor necrosis factor alpha) in sow serum during lactation, while it increased the anti-inflammatory marker (IL-10). Similarly, the piglets in the FBF-2 and FBF-3 groups had lower levels of IL-6 and higher levels of IgG, IgM, and insulin-like growth factor in serum. In addition, sows fed the 4% FBF diet had higher levels of acetate, propionate, butyrate, and total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in feces than CON, and total SCFAs were promoted in piglets from the FBF-3 group. Spearman correlation analysis showed that immunity, inflammation, and intestinal microbiota are closely related to sow performance, which can affect piglet growth. The potential mechanism could be that FBF promoted the enrichment of beneficial genera such as Lachnospira, Lachnospiracea_XPB1014_Group, and Roseburia and the production of SCFAs in the sow's intestine, and reduced the relative abundance of harmful bacteria such as Fusobacterium, Sutterellaceae, and Sutterella. Meanwhile, the intake of FBF by sows affected the gut microbial composition of their offspring piglets, significantly increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria Alistipes and Lachnoclostridium and decreasing the relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria Trueperella among colonic microorganisms. IMPORTANCE Dietary fiber is widely applied in the nutrition of sows due to its potential value in improving performance and intestinal health. Fermented bamboo fiber, rich in dietary fiber, has not been fully evaluated to be used in sow diets. Sows mobilize body reserves during gestation and lactation due to nutrients being prioritized for lactation purposes while feeding piglets, which generally leads to metabolism and immunity undergoing drastic changes. The main manifestations are increased inflammation and intestinal permeability and disturbed intestinal flora, which ultimately reduces the ADFI and milk quality, thus affecting the growth of piglets. The study described here is the first attempt to provide FBF for sows in late gestation and lactation can reverse this process. The 4% FBF was initially explored to have the most significantly beneficial effect. It provides a potentially effective method for dietary modification to control the gut microbiota and its metabolites to improve sow and piglet health. Moreover, the sow-piglet model offers a reference for investigating the impact of dietary fiber on the intestinal health of human mothers and infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuansong Sun
- Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Controlling, National Development and Reform Commission, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rui Song
- Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Controlling, National Development and Reform Commission, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianyong Zhou
- Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Controlling, National Development and Reform Commission, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yubiao Jia
- Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Controlling, National Development and Reform Commission, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianjun Lu
- Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Controlling, National Development and Reform Commission, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Zang L, Baharlooeian M, Terasawa M, Shimada Y, Nishimura N. Beneficial effects of seaweed-derived components on metabolic syndrome via gut microbiota modulation. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1173225. [PMID: 37396125 PMCID: PMC10311452 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1173225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome comprises a group of conditions that collectively increase the risk of abdominal obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Gut microbiota is involved in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome, and microbial diversity and function are strongly affected by diet. In recent years, epidemiological evidence has shown that the dietary intake of seaweed can prevent metabolic syndrome via gut microbiota modulation. In this review, we summarize the current in vivo studies that have reported the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome via seaweed-derived components by regulating the gut microbiota and the production of short-chain fatty acids. Among the surveyed related articles, animal studies revealed that these bioactive components mainly modulate the gut microbiota by reversing the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria, such as Bacteroides, Akkermansia, Lactobacillus, or decreasing the abundance of harmful bacteria, such as Lachnospiraceae, Desulfovibrio, Lachnoclostridium. The regulated microbiota is thought to affect host health by improving gut barrier functions, reducing LPS-induced inflammation or oxidative stress, and increasing bile acid production. Furthermore, these compounds increase the production of short-chain fatty acids and influence glucose and lipid metabolism. Thus, the interaction between the gut microbiota and seaweed-derived bioactive components plays a critical regulatory role in human health, and these compounds have the potential to be used for drug development. However, further animal studies and human clinical trials are required to confirm the functional roles and mechanisms of these components in balancing the gut microbiota and managing host health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqing Zang
- Graduate School of Regional Innovation Studies, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
- Mie University Zebrafish Research Center, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Maedeh Baharlooeian
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science and Oceanography, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Khorramshahr, Iran
| | | | - Yasuhito Shimada
- Mie University Zebrafish Research Center, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
- Department of Integrative Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
- Department of Bioinformatics, Mie University Advanced Science Research Promotion Center, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Norihiro Nishimura
- Graduate School of Regional Innovation Studies, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
- Mie University Zebrafish Research Center, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
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Kim JE, Seol A, Choi YJ, Lee SJ, Jin YJ, Roh YJ, Song HJ, Hong JT, Hwang DY. Similarities and differences in constipation phenotypes between Lep knockout mice and high fat diet-induced obesity mice. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276445. [PMID: 36548335 PMCID: PMC9778951 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
CRISPR-Cas9-mediated leptin (Lep) knockout (KO) mice exhibited prominent phenotypes for constipation, even though they were not compared with other model animals. This study compared the stool excretion, gastrointestinal motility, histological structure, mucin secretion, and enteric nerve function in Lep KO and high fat diet (HFD)-treated mice to determine if there were differences in their phenotypes for constipation. Most obesity phenotypes, including fat weight, adipocyte size, expression of lipolytic proteins (HSL, perilipin, and ATGL), and glucose concentrations, were detected similarly in the Lep KO and HFD-treated mice. They showed a similar decrease in the excretion parameters, including the stool number, weight, and water content, while the same pattern was detected in the gastrointestinal motility and intestinal length. A similar decrease in the mucosal layer thickness, muscle thickness, ability for mucin secretion, and expression of water channel (aquaporin 3 and 8) genes was detected in the mid-colon of the Lep KO and HFD-treated mice, but the alteration rate in some levels was greater in the HFD-treated group than the Lep KO mice. On the other hand, the levels of c-kit, nNOS, NSE, and PGP9.5 expression for the enteric neurons and intestitial cells of Cajal (ICC) were remarkably lower in the mid-colon of the HFD-treated mice than in the Lep KO mice, but the level of most proteins in both groups remained lower than those in the control group. A similar alteration pattern in the expression of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) and serotonin receptors was detected in the Lep KO and HFD-treated mice. These results suggest that most phenotypes for obesity-induced constipation were similarly detected in the Lep KO and HFD-treated mice, but there was a difference in the regulatory function of the enteric nervous system (ENS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Eun Kim
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Ayun Seol
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Yun Ju Choi
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Su Jin Lee
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - You Jeong Jin
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Yu Jeong Roh
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Hee Jin Song
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Chungju, Korea
| | - Dae Youn Hwang
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
- Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute/Laboratory Animal Resources Center, College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Dietary Polysaccharides as Modulators of the Gut Microbiota Ecosystem: An Update on Their Impact on Health. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194116. [PMID: 36235768 PMCID: PMC9573424 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A polysaccharide is a macromolecule composed of more than ten monosaccharides with a wide distribution and high structural diversity and complexity in nature. Certain polysaccharides are immunomodulators and play key roles in the regulation of immune responses during the progression of some diseases. In addition to stimulating the growth of certain intestinal bacteria, polysaccharides may also promote health benefits by modulating the gut microbiota. In the last years, studies about the triad gut microbiota–polysaccharides–health have increased exponentially. In consequence, in the present review, we aim to summarize recent knowledge about the function of dietary polysaccharides on gut microbiota composition and how these effects affect host health.
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Terasawa M, Hiramoto K, Uchida R, Suzuki K. Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Orally Administered Monostroma nitidum Rhamnan Sulfate against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Damage to Mouse Organs and Vascular Endothelium. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20020121. [PMID: 35200650 PMCID: PMC8875490 DOI: 10.3390/md20020121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that rhamnan sulfate (RS) purified from Monostroma nitidum significantly suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in cultured human vascular endothelial cells. Here, we analyzed the effect of orally administered RS on LPS-induced damage to mouse organs and vascular endothelium. RS (1 mg) was orally administered daily to BALB/c mice, 50 μg of LPS was intraperitoneally administered on day 8, and Evans blue was injected into the tail vein 6 h later. After 30 min, LPS-treated mice showed pulmonary Evans blue leakage and elevated plasma levels of liver damage markers, whereas this reaction was suppressed in LPS + RS-treated mice. Immunohistochemical and Western blot analysis of mouse organs 24 h after LPS treatment showed significant neutrophil infiltration into the lung, liver, and jejunum tissues of LPS-treated mice and high expression levels of inflammation-related factors in these tissues. Expression levels of these factors were significantly suppressed in LPS + RS-treated mice. Analysis of lung glycocalyx showed a significant reduction in glycocalyx in LPS-treated mice but not in LPS + RS-treated mice. Levels of syndecan-4, one of the glycocalyx components, decreased in LPS-treated mice and increased in LPS + RS-treated mice. The current results suggest that orally administered RS protects organs and vascular endothelium from LPS-induced inflammation and maintains blood circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Terasawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Minamitamagaki-cho 3500-3, Suzuka 513-8670, Mie, Japan; (M.T.); (K.H.); (R.U.)
- Konan Chemical Manufacturing, Co., Ltd., 1515 Kitagomizuka, Yokkaichi 510-0103, Mie, Japan
| | - Keiichi Hiramoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Minamitamagaki-cho 3500-3, Suzuka 513-8670, Mie, Japan; (M.T.); (K.H.); (R.U.)
| | - Ryota Uchida
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Minamitamagaki-cho 3500-3, Suzuka 513-8670, Mie, Japan; (M.T.); (K.H.); (R.U.)
- Konan Chemical Manufacturing, Co., Ltd., 1515 Kitagomizuka, Yokkaichi 510-0103, Mie, Japan
| | - Koji Suzuki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Minamitamagaki-cho 3500-3, Suzuka 513-8670, Mie, Japan; (M.T.); (K.H.); (R.U.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-59-340-0597
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Yang Z, Wang H, Liu N, Zhao K, Sheng Y, Pang H, Shao K, Zhang M, Li S, He N. Algal polysaccharides and derivatives as potential therapeutics for obesity and related metabolic diseases. Food Funct 2022; 13:11387-11409. [DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02185d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The potential and challenges of algal polysaccharides and their derivatives as potential therapeutic agents for obesity and its related metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zizhen Yang
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Nian Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Kunyi Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yingying Sheng
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hao Pang
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Kaidi Shao
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengyao Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shangyong Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ningning He
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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