1
|
Hong L, Fan L, Wu J, Yang J, Hou D, Yao Y, Zhou S. Pulse Proteins and Their Hydrolysates: A Comprehensive Review of Their Beneficial Effects on Metabolic Syndrome and the Gut Microbiome. Nutrients 2024; 16:1845. [PMID: 38931200 PMCID: PMC11206746 DOI: 10.3390/nu16121845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulses, as an important part of the human diet, can act as a source of high-quality plant proteins. Pulse proteins and their hydrolysates have shown promising results in alleviating metabolic syndrome and modulating the gut microbiome. Their bioactivities have become a focus of research, with many new findings added in recent studies. This paper comprehensively reviews the anti-hypertension, anti-hyperglycemia, anti-dyslipidemia and anti-obesity bioactivities of pulse proteins and their hydrolysates in recent in vitro and in vivo studies, which show great potential for the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome. In addition, pulse proteins and their hydrolysates can regulate the gut microbiome, which in turn can have a positive impact on the treatment of metabolic syndrome. Furthermore, the beneficial effects of some pulse proteins and their hydrolysates on metabolic syndrome have been supported by clinical studies. This review might provide a reference for the application of pulse proteins and their hydrolysates in functional foods or nutritional supplements for people with metabolic syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingyu Hong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (L.H.); (L.F.); (J.W.); (J.Y.); (D.H.)
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing and Biosynthesis of Food Bioactive Substances, China General Chamber of Commerce, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Linlin Fan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (L.H.); (L.F.); (J.W.); (J.Y.); (D.H.)
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing and Biosynthesis of Food Bioactive Substances, China General Chamber of Commerce, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Junchao Wu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (L.H.); (L.F.); (J.W.); (J.Y.); (D.H.)
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing and Biosynthesis of Food Bioactive Substances, China General Chamber of Commerce, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jiaqi Yang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (L.H.); (L.F.); (J.W.); (J.Y.); (D.H.)
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing and Biosynthesis of Food Bioactive Substances, China General Chamber of Commerce, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Dianzhi Hou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (L.H.); (L.F.); (J.W.); (J.Y.); (D.H.)
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing and Biosynthesis of Food Bioactive Substances, China General Chamber of Commerce, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yang Yao
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Sumei Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (L.H.); (L.F.); (J.W.); (J.Y.); (D.H.)
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing and Biosynthesis of Food Bioactive Substances, China General Chamber of Commerce, Beijing 100048, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mohr AE, Sweazea KL, Bowes DA, Jasbi P, Whisner CM, Sears DD, Krajmalnik-Brown R, Jin Y, Gu H, Klein-Seetharaman J, Arciero KM, Gumpricht E, Arciero PJ. Gut microbiome remodeling and metabolomic profile improves in response to protein pacing with intermittent fasting versus continuous caloric restriction. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4155. [PMID: 38806467 PMCID: PMC11133430 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48355-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome (GM) modulates body weight/composition and gastrointestinal functioning; therefore, approaches targeting resident gut microbes have attracted considerable interest. Intermittent fasting (IF) and protein pacing (P) regimens are effective in facilitating weight loss (WL) and enhancing body composition. However, the interrelationships between IF- and P-induced WL and the GM are unknown. The current randomized controlled study describes distinct fecal microbial and plasma metabolomic signatures between combined IF-P (n = 21) versus a heart-healthy, calorie-restricted (CR, n = 20) diet matched for overall energy intake in free-living human participants (women = 27; men = 14) with overweight/obesity for 8 weeks. Gut symptomatology improves and abundance of Christensenellaceae microbes and circulating cytokines and amino acid metabolites favoring fat oxidation increase with IF-P (p < 0.05), whereas metabolites associated with a longevity-related metabolic pathway increase with CR (p < 0.05). Differences indicate GM and metabolomic factors play a role in WL maintenance and body composition. This novel work provides insight into the GM and metabolomic profile of participants following an IF-P or CR diet and highlights important differences in microbial assembly associated with WL and body composition responsiveness. These data may inform future GM-focused precision nutrition recommendations using larger sample sizes of longer duration. Trial registration, March 6, 2020 (ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT04327141), based on a previous randomized intervention trial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex E Mohr
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Biodesign Institute Center for Health Through Microbiomes, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Karen L Sweazea
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Biodesign Institute Center for Health Through Microbiomes, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Center for Evolution and Medicine, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Devin A Bowes
- Biodesign Institute Center for Health Through Microbiomes, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Paniz Jasbi
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Systems Precision Engineering and Advanced Research (SPEAR), Theriome Inc., Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Corrie M Whisner
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Biodesign Institute Center for Health Through Microbiomes, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Dorothy D Sears
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Rosa Krajmalnik-Brown
- Biodesign Institute Center for Health Through Microbiomes, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Yan Jin
- Center of Translational Science, Florida International University, Port St. Lucie, FL, USA
| | - Haiwei Gu
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Center of Translational Science, Florida International University, Port St. Lucie, FL, USA
| | - Judith Klein-Seetharaman
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Karen M Arciero
- Human Nutrition and Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Physiological Sciences, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY, USA
| | | | - Paul J Arciero
- Human Nutrition and Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Physiological Sciences, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY, USA.
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Department of Sports Medicine and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shea Z, Ogando do Granja M, Fletcher EB, Zheng Y, Bewick P, Wang Z, Singer WM, Zhang B. A Review of Bioactive Compound Effects from Primary Legume Protein Sources in Human and Animal Health. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:4203-4233. [PMID: 38785525 PMCID: PMC11120442 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46050257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The global demand for sustainable and nutritious food sources has catalyzed interest in legumes, known for their rich repertoire of health-promoting compounds. This review delves into the diverse array of bioactive peptides, protein subunits, isoflavones, antinutritional factors, and saponins found in the primary legume protein sources-soybeans, peas, chickpeas, and mung beans. The current state of research on these compounds is critically evaluated, with an emphasis on the potential health benefits, ranging from antioxidant and anticancer properties to the management of chronic diseases such as diabetes and hypertension. The extensively studied soybean is highlighted and the relatively unexplored potential of other legumes is also included, pointing to a significant, underutilized resource for developing health-enhancing foods. The review advocates for future interdisciplinary research to further unravel the mechanisms of action of these bioactive compounds and to explore their synergistic effects. The ultimate goal is to leverage the full spectrum of benefits offered by legumes, not only to advance human health but also to contribute to the sustainability of food systems. By providing a comprehensive overview of the nutraceutical potential of legumes, this manuscript sets a foundation for future investigations aimed at optimizing the use of legumes in the global pursuit of health and nutritional security.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Shea
- United States Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, Raleigh Agricultural Research Station, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA;
| | - Matheus Ogando do Granja
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; (M.O.d.G.); (E.B.F.); (Y.Z.); (P.B.); (Z.W.)
| | - Elizabeth B. Fletcher
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; (M.O.d.G.); (E.B.F.); (Y.Z.); (P.B.); (Z.W.)
| | - Yaojie Zheng
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; (M.O.d.G.); (E.B.F.); (Y.Z.); (P.B.); (Z.W.)
| | - Patrick Bewick
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; (M.O.d.G.); (E.B.F.); (Y.Z.); (P.B.); (Z.W.)
| | - Zhibo Wang
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; (M.O.d.G.); (E.B.F.); (Y.Z.); (P.B.); (Z.W.)
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, Olivette, MO 63132, USA
| | - William M. Singer
- Center for Advanced Innovation in Agriculture, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA;
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; (M.O.d.G.); (E.B.F.); (Y.Z.); (P.B.); (Z.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xu Y, Zhou C, Zong M, Zhu J, Guo X, Sun Z. High-protein high-konjac glucomannan diets changed glucose and lipid metabolism by modulating colonic microflora and bile acid profiles in healthy mouse models. Food Funct 2024; 15:4446-4461. [PMID: 38563504 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00159a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
High protein and fiber diets are becoming increasingly popular for weight loss; however, the benefits or risks of high protein and fiber diets with a normal calorie level for healthy individuals still need to be elucidated. In this study, we explored the role and mechanisms of long-term high protein and/or konjac glucomannan diets on the metabolic health of healthy mouse models. We found that high konjac glucomannan contents improved the glucose tolerance of mice and both high protein and high konjac glucomannan contents improved the serum lipid profile but increased the TNF-α levels. In the liver, high dietary protein contents reduced the expression of the FASN gene related to fatty acid synthesis. Interactions of dietary protein and fiber were shown in the signaling pathways related to lipid and glucose metabolism of the liver and the inflammatory status of the colon, wherein the high protein and high konjac glucomannan diet downregulated the expression of the SREBF1 and FXR genes in the liver and downregulated the expression of TNF-α genes in the colon compared to the high protein diet. High konjac glucomannan contents reduced the colonic secondary bile acid levels including DCA and LCA; this was largely associated with the changed microbiota profile and also contributed to improved lipid and glucose homeostasis. In conclusion, high protein diets improved lipid homeostasis and were not a risk to metabolic health, while high fiber diets improved glucose and lipid homeostasis by modulating colonic microbiota and bile acid profiles, and a high protein diet supplemented with konjac glucomannan might improve hepatic lipid homeostasis and colonic inflammation in healthy mouse models through long-term intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yetong Xu
- Laboratory for Bio-Feed and Molecular Nutrition, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China.
| | - Chengyu Zhou
- Laboratory for Bio-Feed and Molecular Nutrition, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China.
| | - Minyue Zong
- Laboratory for Bio-Feed and Molecular Nutrition, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China.
| | - Junwei Zhu
- Laboratory for Bio-Feed and Molecular Nutrition, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China.
| | - Xutong Guo
- Laboratory for Bio-Feed and Molecular Nutrition, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China.
| | - Zhihong Sun
- Laboratory for Bio-Feed and Molecular Nutrition, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lee MJ, Kim J. The pathophysiology of visceral adipose tissues in cardiometabolic diseases. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 222:116116. [PMID: 38460909 PMCID: PMC11407912 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Central pattern of fat distribution, especially fat accumulation within the intraabdominal cavity increases risks for cardiometabolic diseases. Portal hypothesis combined with a pathological remodeling in visceral fat is considered the major etiological factor explaining the independent contribution of visceral obesity to cardiometabolic diseases. Excessive remodeling in visceral fat during development of obesity leads to dysfunctions in the depot, characterized by hypertrophy and death of adipocytes, hypoxia, inflammation, and fibrosis. Dysfunctional visceral fat secretes elevated levels of fatty acids, glycerol, and proinflammatory and profibrotic cytokines into the portal vein directly impacting the liver, the central regulator of systemic metabolism. These metabolic and endocrine products induce ectopic fat accumulation, insulin resistance, inflammation, and fibrosis in the liver, which in turn causes or exacerbates systemic metabolic derangements. Elucidation of underlying mechanisms that lead to the pathological remodeling and higher degree of dysfunctions in visceral adipose tissue is therefore, critical for the development of therapeutics to prevent deleterious sequelae in obesity. We review depot differences in metabolic and endocrine properties and expendabilities as well as underlying mechanisms that contribute to the pathophysiological aspects of visceral adiposity in cardiometabolic diseases. We also discuss impacts of different weight loss interventions on visceral adiposity and cardiometabolic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Jeong Lee
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Hawaii 96822, USA.
| | - Jeehoon Kim
- Department of Sociology, Social Work, and Criminology, Idaho State University, Idaho 83209, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pan L, Ding C, Deng Y, Chen H, Yang H, Wang B, Zhou Y, Wang B. Microbial degradation mechanism of historical silk revealed by proteomics and metabolomics. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:5380-5389. [PMID: 37812415 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01033c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Archaeological silk undergoes destructive and irreversible changes during the natural process of decay. However, in-depth studies on the influence of this biological factor are still lacking. Here, a combination of proteomics and metabolomics is proposed for the first time to explore the interaction between bacteria and historical silk during biodegradation, which provides information on changes at the molecular level of proteins and bacterial metabolites. Morphological observation revealed biofilms produced by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Pseudomonas alcaligenes when cultured in the stationary phase and confirmed severe deterioration of silk. Proteomics showed that S. maltophilia had an unbiased effect on silk fibroin, indicating its ability to disrupt both heavy and light chains, as well as other proteins, while P. alcaligenes showed an affinity for more disordered proteins. Analysis of bacterial metabolites showed that overall activity reduction and significant accumulation of fatty acid and phenol metabolites occurred after silk addition, suggesting that the presence of silk may inhibit the activity of an individual strain. This study provides a new insight into the microbial degradation mechanism of archaeological silk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lindan Pan
- Institute of Textile Conservation, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Chuanmiao Ding
- Institute of Textile Conservation, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Yefeng Deng
- Institute of Textile Conservation, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Hao Chen
- Institute of Textile Conservation, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Hailiang Yang
- Key Scientific Research Base of Textile Conservation, State Administration of Cultural Heritage, China National Silk Museum, Hangzhou 310002, China
| | - Biyang Wang
- McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3ER, UK
| | - Yang Zhou
- Key Scientific Research Base of Textile Conservation, State Administration of Cultural Heritage, China National Silk Museum, Hangzhou 310002, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Institute of Textile Conservation, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
- McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3ER, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Guan L, Liu R. The Role of Diet and Gut Microbiota Interactions in Metabolic Homeostasis. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2300100. [PMID: 37142556 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Diet is a pivotal determinant in shaping the structure and function of resident microorganisms in the gut through different food components, nutritive proportion, and calories. The effects of diet on host metabolism and physiology can be mediated through the gut microbiota. Gut microbiota-derived metabolites have been shown to regulate glucose and lipid metabolism, energy consumption, and the immune system. On the other hand, emerging evidence indicates that baseline gut microbiota could predict the efficacy of diet intervention, highlighting gut microbiota can be harnessed as a biomarker in personalized nutrition. In this review, the alterations of gut microbiota in different dietary components and dietary patterns, and the potential mechanisms in the diet-microbiota crosstalk are summarized to understand the interactions of diet and gut microbiota on the impact of metabolic homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lizhi Guan
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the P. R. China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ruixin Liu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the P. R. China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Attaye I, Lassen PB, Adriouch S, Steinbach E, Patiño-Navarrete R, Davids M, Alili R, Jacques F, Benzeguir S, Belda E, Nemet I, Anderson JT, Alexandre-Heymann L, Greyling A, Larger E, Hazen SL, van Oppenraaij SL, Tremaroli V, Beck K, Bergh PO, Bäckhed F, ten Brincke SP, Herrema H, Groen AK, Pinto-Sietsma SJ, Clément K, Nieuwdorp M. Protein supplementation changes gut microbial diversity and derived metabolites in subjects with type 2 diabetes. iScience 2023; 26:107471. [PMID: 37599833 PMCID: PMC10432813 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
High-protein diets are promoted for individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, effects of dietary protein interventions on (gut-derived) metabolites in T2D remains understudied. We therefore performed a multi-center, randomized-controlled, isocaloric protein intervention with 151 participants following either 12-week high-protein (HP; 30Energy %, N = 78) vs. low-protein (LP; 10 Energy%, N = 73) diet. Primary objectives were dietary effects on glycemic control which were determined via glycemic excursions, continuous glucose monitors and HbA1c. Secondary objectives were impact of diet on gut microbiota composition and -derived metabolites which were determined by shotgun-metagenomics and mass spectrometry. Analyses were performed using delta changes adjusting for center, baseline, and kidney function when appropriate. This study found that a short-term 12-week isocaloric protein modulation does not affect glycemic parameters or weight in metformin-treated T2D. However, the HP diet slightly worsened kidney function, increased alpha-diversity, and production of potentially harmful microbiota-dependent metabolites, which may affect host metabolism upon prolonged exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilias Attaye
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pierre Bel Lassen
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Nutrition and Obesities; Systemic Approaches (NutriOmics), Paris, France
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitie-Salpêtrière Hospital, Nutrition Department, Paris, France
| | - Solia Adriouch
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Nutrition and Obesities; Systemic Approaches (NutriOmics), Paris, France
| | - Emilie Steinbach
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Nutrition and Obesities; Systemic Approaches (NutriOmics), Paris, France
| | - Rafael Patiño-Navarrete
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Nutrition and Obesities; Systemic Approaches (NutriOmics), Paris, France
| | - Mark Davids
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rohia Alili
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Nutrition and Obesities; Systemic Approaches (NutriOmics), Paris, France
| | - Flavien Jacques
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Nutrition and Obesities; Systemic Approaches (NutriOmics), Paris, France
| | - Sara Benzeguir
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Nutrition and Obesities; Systemic Approaches (NutriOmics), Paris, France
| | - Eugeni Belda
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Nutrition and Obesities; Systemic Approaches (NutriOmics), Paris, France
| | - Ina Nemet
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Center for Microbiome & Human Health, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - James T. Anderson
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Center for Microbiome & Human Health, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Arno Greyling
- Unilever Foods Innovation Centre, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Etienne Larger
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitie-Salpêtrière Hospital, Nutrition Department, Paris, France
| | - Stanley L. Hazen
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Center for Microbiome & Human Health, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sophie L. van Oppenraaij
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Valentina Tremaroli
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Sahlgrenska Center for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Katharina Beck
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Sahlgrenska Center for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per-Olof Bergh
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Sahlgrenska Center for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Bäckhed
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Sahlgrenska Center for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Clinical Physiology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Suzan P.M. ten Brincke
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hilde Herrema
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Albert K. Groen
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sara-Joan Pinto-Sietsma
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Karine Clément
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Nutrition and Obesities; Systemic Approaches (NutriOmics), Paris, France
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitie-Salpêtrière Hospital, Nutrition Department, Paris, France
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Blachier F. Amino Acid-Derived Bacterial Metabolites in the Colorectal Luminal Fluid: Effects on Microbial Communication, Metabolism, Physiology, and Growth. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1317. [PMID: 37317289 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Undigested dietary and endogenous proteins, as well as unabsorbed amino acids, can move from the terminal part of the ileum into the large intestine, where they meet a dense microbial population. Exfoliated cells and mucus released from the large intestine epithelium also supply nitrogenous material to this microbial population. The bacteria in the large intestine luminal fluid release amino acids from the available proteins, and amino acids are then used for bacterial protein synthesis, energy production, and in other various catabolic pathways. The resulting metabolic intermediaries and end products can then accumulate in the colorectal fluid, and their concentrations appear to depend on different parameters, including microbiota composition and metabolic activity, substrate availability, and the capacity of absorptive colonocytes to absorb these metabolites. The aim of the present review is to present how amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites can affect microbial communication between both commensal and pathogenic microorganisms, as well as their metabolism, physiology, and growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- François Blachier
- Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAe, UMR PNCA, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wiącek J, Karolkiewicz J. Different Approaches to Ergogenic, Pre-, and Probiotic Supplementation in Sports with Different Metabolism Characteristics: A Mini Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061541. [PMID: 36986269 PMCID: PMC10056922 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Sport disciplines with different metabolic characteristics require different dietary approaches. Bodybuilders or sprinters ("anaerobic" athletes) need a high-protein diet (HPD) in order to activate muscle protein synthesis after exercise-induced muscle damage and use nitric oxide enhancers (such as citrulline and nitrates) to increase vasodilatation, whereas endurance athletes, such as runners or cyclists ("aerobic" athletes), prefer a high-carbohydrate diet (HCHD), which aims to restore the intramuscular glycogen, and supplements containing buffering agents (such as sodium bicarbonate and beta-alanine). In both cases, nutrient absorption, neurotransmitter and immune cell production and muscle recovery depend on gut bacteria and their metabolites. However, there is still insufficient data on the impact of an HPD or HCHD in addition to supplements on "anaerobic" and "aerobic" athletes' gut microbiota and how this impact could be affected by nutritional interventions such as pre- and probiotic therapy. Additionally, little is known about the role of probiotics in the ergogenic effects of supplements. Based on the results of our previous research on an HPD in amateur bodybuilders and an HCHD in amateur cyclists, we reviewed human and animal studies on the effects of popular supplements on gut homeostasis and sport performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Wiącek
- Food and Nutrition Department, Poznan University of Physical Education, Królowej Jadwigi 27/39, 61-871 Poznań, Poland
| | - Joanna Karolkiewicz
- Food and Nutrition Department, Poznan University of Physical Education, Królowej Jadwigi 27/39, 61-871 Poznań, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mohr AE, Jasbi P, Bowes DA, Dirks B, Whisner CM, Arciero KM, Poe M, Gu H, Gumpricht E, Sweazea KL, Arciero PJ. Exploratory analysis of one versus two-day intermittent fasting protocols on the gut microbiome and plasma metabolome in adults with overweight/obesity. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1036080. [PMID: 36386914 PMCID: PMC9644216 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1036080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutritional interventions are a promising therapeutic option for addressing obesity and cardiometabolic dysfunction. One such option, intermittent fasting (IF), has emerged as a viable alternative to daily caloric restriction and may beneficially modulate body weight regulation and alter the gut microbiome (GM) and plasma metabolome. This secondary analysis of a larger, registered trial (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04327141) examined the effect of a four-week intervention comparing one vs. two-consecutive days of IF in combination with protein pacing (IF-P; 4-5 meals/day, >30% protein/day) on the GM, the plasma metabolome, and associated clinical outcomes in overweight and obese adults. Participants (n = 20) were randomly assigned to either a diet consisting of one fasting day (total of 36 h) and six low-calorie P days per week (IF1-P, n = 10) or two fasting days (60 h total) and five low-calorie P days per week (IF2-P, n = 10). The fecal microbiome, clinical outcomes, and plasma metabolome were analyzed at baseline (week 0) and after four weeks. There were no significant time or interaction effects for alpha diversity; however, baseline alpha diversity was negatively correlated with percent body fat change after the four-week intervention (p = 0.030). In addition, beta-diversity for both IF groups was altered significantly by time (p = 0.001), with no significant differences between groups. The IF1-P group had a significant increase in abundance of Ruminococcaceae Incertae Sedis and Eubacterium fissicatena group (q ≤ 0.007), while the IF2-P group had a significant increase in abundance of Ruminococcaceae Incertae Sedis and a decrease in Eubacterium ventriosum group (q ≤ 0.005). The plasma metabolite profile of IF2-P participants displayed significant increases in serine, trimethylamine oxide (TMAO), levulinic acid, 3-aminobutyric acid, citrate, isocitrate, and glucuronic acid (q ≤ 0.049) compared to IF1-P. Fecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations did not differ significantly by time or between groups (p ≥ 0.126). Interestingly, gastrointestinal symptoms were significantly reduced for the IF2-P group but not for the IF1-P group. Our results demonstrate that short-term IF modestly influenced the GM community structure and the plasma metabolome, suggesting these protocols could be viable for certain nutritional intervention strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex E. Mohr
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Paniz Jasbi
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Devin A. Bowes
- Center for Health Through Microbiomes, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Blake Dirks
- Center for Health Through Microbiomes, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Corrie M. Whisner
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States
- Center for Health Through Microbiomes, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Karen M. Arciero
- Human Nutrition and Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Physiological Sciences, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY, United States
| | - Michelle Poe
- Human Nutrition and Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Physiological Sciences, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY, United States
| | - Haiwei Gu
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States
- Center for Translational Science, Florida International University, Port St. Lucie, FL, United States
| | | | - Karen L. Sweazea
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Paul J. Arciero
- Human Nutrition and Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Physiological Sciences, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang J, Kadyan S, Ukhanov V, Cheng J, Nagpal R, Cui L. Recent advances in the health benefits of pea protein (Pisum sativum): bioactive peptides and the interaction with the gut microbiome. Curr Opin Food Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2022.100944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
13
|
Alili R, Belda E, Fabre O, Pelloux V, Giordano N, Legrand R, Bel Lassen P, Swartz TD, Zucker JD, Clément K. Characterization of the Gut Microbiota in Individuals with Overweight or Obesity during a Real-World Weight Loss Dietary Program: A Focus on the Bacteroides 2 Enterotype. Biomedicines 2021; 10:biomedicines10010016. [PMID: 35052696 PMCID: PMC8772804 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Dietary intervention is a cornerstone of weight loss therapies. In obesity, a dysbiotic gut microbiota (GM) is characterized by high levels of Bacteroides lineages and low diversity. We examined the GM composition changes, including the Bacteroides 2 enterotype (Bact2), in a real-world weight loss study in subjects following a high-protein hypocaloric diet with or without a live microorganisms (LMP) supplement. Method: 263 volunteers were part of this real-world weight loss program. The first phase was a high-protein low-carbohydrate calorie restriction diet with or without LMP supplements. Fecal samples were obtained at baseline and after 10% weight loss for 163 subjects. Metagenomic profiling was obtained by shotgun sequencing. Results: At baseline, the Bact2 enterotype was more prevalent in subjects with aggravated obesity and metabolic alterations. After weight loss, diversity increased and Bact2 prevalence decreased in subjects with lower GM diversity at baseline, notably in LMP consumers. Significant increases in Akkermansia muciniphila and Parabacteroides distasonis and significant decreases of Eubacterium rectale, Streptococcus thermophilus and Bifidobacterial lineages were observed after weight loss. Conclusions: Baseline microbiome composition is associated with differential changes in GM diversity and Bact2 enterotype prevalence after weight loss. Examining these signatures could drive future personalized nutrition efforts towards more favorable microbiome compositions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rohia Alili
- Nutrition and Obesities, Systemic Approaches, NutriOmics Research Unit, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, 75013 Paris, France; (R.A.); (V.P.); (P.B.L.); (J.-D.Z.)
| | - Eugeni Belda
- Integrative Phenomics, 75011 Paris, France; (N.G.); (T.D.S.)
- Correspondence: (E.B.); (K.C.)
| | - Odile Fabre
- Groupe Éthique et Santé, 13400 Aubagne, France; (O.F.); (R.L.)
| | - Véronique Pelloux
- Nutrition and Obesities, Systemic Approaches, NutriOmics Research Unit, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, 75013 Paris, France; (R.A.); (V.P.); (P.B.L.); (J.-D.Z.)
| | - Nils Giordano
- Integrative Phenomics, 75011 Paris, France; (N.G.); (T.D.S.)
- Groupe Éthique et Santé, 13400 Aubagne, France; (O.F.); (R.L.)
| | - Rémy Legrand
- Groupe Éthique et Santé, 13400 Aubagne, France; (O.F.); (R.L.)
| | - Pierre Bel Lassen
- Nutrition and Obesities, Systemic Approaches, NutriOmics Research Unit, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, 75013 Paris, France; (R.A.); (V.P.); (P.B.L.); (J.-D.Z.)
- UMMISCO, Unité de Modélisation Mathématique et Informatique des Systèmes Complexes, IRD, Sorbonne Université, F-93143 Bondy, France
| | | | - Jean-Daniel Zucker
- Nutrition and Obesities, Systemic Approaches, NutriOmics Research Unit, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, 75013 Paris, France; (R.A.); (V.P.); (P.B.L.); (J.-D.Z.)
- UMMISCO, Unité de Modélisation Mathématique et Informatique des Systèmes Complexes, IRD, Sorbonne Université, F-93143 Bondy, France
| | - Karine Clément
- Nutrition and Obesities, Systemic Approaches, NutriOmics Research Unit, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, 75013 Paris, France; (R.A.); (V.P.); (P.B.L.); (J.-D.Z.)
- Nutrition Department, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75013 Paris, France
- Correspondence: (E.B.); (K.C.)
| |
Collapse
|