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Cyboran-Mikołajczyk S, Matczak K, Olchowik-Grabarek E, Sękowski S, Nowicka P, Krawczyk-Łebek A, Kostrzewa-Susłow E. The influence of the chlorine atom on the biological activity of 2'-hydroxychalcone in relation to the lipid phase of biological membranes - Anticancer and antimicrobial activity. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 398:111082. [PMID: 38825055 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
The study investigates the effect of the presence of a chlorine atom in the 2'-hydroxychalcone molecule on its interaction with model lipid membranes, in order to discern its potential pharmacological activity. Five chlorine derivatives of 2'-hydroxychalcone were synthesized and evaluated against liposomes composed of POPC and enriched with cationic (DOTAP) or anionic (POPG) lipids. The physicochemical properties of the compounds were initially simulated using SwissAdame software, revealing high lipophilicity (ilogP values: 2.79-2.90). The dynamic light scattering analysis of liposomes showed that chloro chalcones induce minor changes in the diameter of liposomes of different surface charges. Fluorescence quenching assays with a TMA-DPH probe demonstrated the strong ability of the compounds to interact with the lipid bilayer, with varying quenching capacities based on chlorine atom position. FTIR studies indicated alterations in carbonyl, phosphate, and choline groups, suggesting a transition area localization rather than deep penetration into the hydrocarbon chains. Additionally, dipole potential reduction was observed in POPC and POPC-POPG membranes, particularly pronounced by derivatives with a chlorine atom in the B ring. Antibacterial and antibiofilm assays revealed enhanced activity of derivatives with a chlorine atom compared to 2'-hydroxychalcone, especially against Gram-positive bacteria. The MIC and MBIC50 values showed increased efficacy in the presence of chlorine with 3'-5'-dichloro-2'-hydroxychalcone demonstrating optimal antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity. Furthermore, antiproliferative assays against breast cancer cell lines indicated higher activity of B-ring chlorine derivatives, particularly against MDA-MB-231 cells. In general, the presence of a chlorine atom in 2'-hydroxychalcone improves its pharmacological potential, with derivatives showing improved antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and antiproliferative activities, especially against aggressive breast cancer cell lines. These findings underscore the importance of molecular structure in modulating biological activity and highlight chalcones with a chlorine as promising candidates for further drug development studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Cyboran-Mikołajczyk
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida St. 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Karolina Matczak
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska St. 141/143, 90-236, Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewa Olchowik-Grabarek
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bialystok, Konstanty Ciolkowski St. 1J, 15-245, Białystok, Poland
| | - Szymon Sękowski
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bialystok, Konstanty Ciolkowski St. 1J, 15-245, Białystok, Poland
| | - Paulina Nowicka
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego St. 37, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Krawczyk-Łebek
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida St. 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Edyta Kostrzewa-Susłow
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida St. 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
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Pethő Z, Pajtás D, Piga M, Magyar Z, Zakany F, Kovacs T, Zidar N, Panyi G, Varga Z, Papp F. A synthetic flavonoid derivate in the plasma membrane transforms the voltage-clamp fluorometry signal of CiHv1. FEBS J 2024; 291:2354-2371. [PMID: 38431775 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Voltage-clamp fluorometry (VCF) enables the study of voltage-sensitive proteins through fluorescent labeling accompanied by ionic current measurements for voltage-gated ion channels. The heterogeneity of the fluorescent signal represents a significant challenge in VCF. The VCF signal depends on where the cysteine mutation is incorporated, making it difficult to compare data among different mutations and different studies and standardize their interpretation. We have recently shown that the VCF signal originates from quenching amino acids in the vicinity of the attached fluorophores, together with the effect of the lipid microenvironment. Based on these, we performed experiments to test the hypothesis that the VCF signal could be altered by amphiphilic quenching molecules in the cell membrane. Here we show that a phenylalanine-conjugated flavonoid (4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromene-7-yl)-phenylalanine, (later Oxophench) has potent effects on the VCF signals of the Ciona intestinalis HV1 (CiHv1) proton channel. Using spectrofluorimetry, we showed that Oxophench quenches TAMRA (5(6)-carboxytetramethylrhodamine-(methane thiosulfonate)) fluorescence. Moreover, Oxophench reduces the baseline fluorescence in oocytes and incorporates into the cell membrane while reducing the membrane fluidity of HEK293 cells. Our model calculations confirmed that Oxophench, a potent membrane-bound quencher, modifies the VCF signal during conformational changes. These results support our previously published model of VCF signal generation and point out that a change in the VCF signal may not necessarily indicate an altered conformational transition of the investigated protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Pethő
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
- Institut für Physiologie II, University of Münster, Germany
| | - Dávid Pajtás
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Martina Piga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Zsuzsanna Magyar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Florina Zakany
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tamas Kovacs
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Nace Zidar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Gyorgy Panyi
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Varga
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Papp
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
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Kłósek M, Kurek-Górecka A, Balwierz R, Krawczyk-Łebek A, Kostrzewa-Susłow E, Bronikowska J, Jaworska D, Czuba ZP. The Effect of Methyl-Derivatives of Flavanone on MCP-1, MIP-1β, RANTES, and Eotaxin Release by Activated RAW264.7 Macrophages. Molecules 2024; 29:2239. [PMID: 38792101 PMCID: PMC11123782 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemokines, also known as chemotactic cytokines, stimulate the migration of immune cells. These molecules play a key role in the pathogenesis of inflammation leading to atherosclerosis, neurodegenerative disorders, rheumatoid arthritis, insulin-resistant diabetes, and cancer. Moreover, they take part in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The main objective of our research was to determine the activity of methyl-derivatives of flavanone, namely, 2'-methylflavanone (5B), 3'-methylflavanone (6B), 4'-methylflavanone (7B), and 6-methylflavanone (8B), on the releasing of selected cytokines by RAW264.7 macrophages activated by LPS. We determined the concentration of chemokines belonging to the CC chemokine family, namely, MCP-1, MIP-1β, RANTES, and eotaxin, using the Bio-Plex Magnetic Luminex Assay and the Bio-PlexTM 200 System. Among the tested compounds, only 5B and 6B had the strongest effect on inhibiting the examined chemokines' release by macrophages. Therefore, 5B and 6B appear to be potentially useful in the prevention of diseases associated with the inflammatory process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Kłósek
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland; (J.B.); (D.J.); (Z.P.C.)
| | - Anna Kurek-Górecka
- Department of Community Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, St Kasztanowa 3, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Radosław Balwierz
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Opole, Oleska 48, 45-052 Opole, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Krawczyk-Łebek
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.K.-Ł.); (E.K.-S.)
| | - Edyta Kostrzewa-Susłow
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.K.-Ł.); (E.K.-S.)
| | - Joanna Bronikowska
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland; (J.B.); (D.J.); (Z.P.C.)
| | - Dagmara Jaworska
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland; (J.B.); (D.J.); (Z.P.C.)
| | - Zenon P. Czuba
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland; (J.B.); (D.J.); (Z.P.C.)
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Kłósek M, Krawczyk-Łebek A, Kostrzewa-Susłow E, Szliszka E, Bronikowska J, Jaworska D, Pietsz G, Czuba ZP. In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Methyl Derivatives of Flavanone. Molecules 2023; 28:7837. [PMID: 38067567 PMCID: PMC10708004 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays an important role in the immune defense against injury and infection agents. However, the inflammatory chronic process may lead to neurodegenerative diseases, atherosclerosis, inflammatory bowel diseases, or cancer. Flavanones present in citrus fruits exhibit biological activities, including anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. The beneficial effects of flavanones have been found based on in vitro cell cultures and animal studies. A suitable in vitro model for studying the inflammatory process are macrophages (RAW264.7 cell line) because, after stimulation using lipopolysaccharide (LPS), they release inflammatory cytokines involved in the immune response. We determined the nitrite concentration in the macrophage cell culture and detected ROS using chemiluminescence. Additionally, we measured the production of selected cytokines using the Bio-Plex Magnetic Luminex Assay and the Bio-PlexTM 200 System. For the first time, we have shown that methyl derivatives of flavanone inhibit NO and chemiluminescence generated via LPS-stimulated macrophages. Moreover, the tested compounds at 1-20 µM dose-dependently modulate proinflammatory cytokine production (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12p40, IL-12p70, and TNF-α) in stimulated RAW264.7 cells. The 2'-methylflavanone (5B) and the 3'-methylflavanone (6B) possess the strongest anti-inflammatory activity among all the tested flavanone derivatives. These compounds reduce the concentration of IL-6, IL-12p40, and IL12p70 compared to the core flavanone structure. Moreover, 2'-methylflavanone reduces TNF-α, and 3'-methylflavanone reduces IL-1β secreted by RAW264.7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Kłósek
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland; (E.S.); (J.B.); (D.J.); (G.P.); (Z.P.C.)
| | - Agnieszka Krawczyk-Łebek
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.K.-Ł.); (E.K.-S.)
| | - Edyta Kostrzewa-Susłow
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.K.-Ł.); (E.K.-S.)
| | - Ewelina Szliszka
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland; (E.S.); (J.B.); (D.J.); (G.P.); (Z.P.C.)
| | - Joanna Bronikowska
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland; (E.S.); (J.B.); (D.J.); (G.P.); (Z.P.C.)
| | - Dagmara Jaworska
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland; (E.S.); (J.B.); (D.J.); (G.P.); (Z.P.C.)
| | - Grażyna Pietsz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland; (E.S.); (J.B.); (D.J.); (G.P.); (Z.P.C.)
| | - Zenon P. Czuba
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland; (E.S.); (J.B.); (D.J.); (G.P.); (Z.P.C.)
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N’goka V, Oyegue Liabagui SL, Sima Obiang C, Begouabe H, Nsonde Ntandou GF, Imboumy-Limoukou RK, Biteghe-Bi-Essone JC, Kumulungui BS, Lekana-Douki JB, Abena AA. Pentaclethra eetveldeana Leaves from Four Congo-Brazzaville Regions: Antioxidant Capacity, Anti-Inflammatory Activity and Proportional Accumulation of Phytochemicals. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3271. [PMID: 37765435 PMCID: PMC10535678 DOI: 10.3390/plants12183271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation play a key role in the occurrence of neurodegenerative diseases. Traditionally, Pentaclethra eetveldeana leaves are used in dementia treatment. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities as well as the phytochemical composition of Pentaclethra eetveldeana leaves from four Congo-Brazzaville regions. The 1.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical-scavenging, β-carotene bleaching and molybdenum reduction assays were used to assess the antioxidant activity. The protein denaturation and erythrocyte membrane stabilization tests were used to analyze the anti-inflammatory activity. Phytochemical screening, the quantification of polyphenols by spectrophotometry, as well as the determination of extraction yields were carried out. It was found that the extracts reduced molybdenum; furthermore, compared to ascorbic acid, they showed better antiradical activity and inhibited lipid peroxidation. Moreover, globally, the membrane-stabilizing power of the aqueous extracts was superior or comparable to diclofenac, while the same extracts were less effective for the inhibition of denaturation. All of the aqueous extracts contained polyphenols, saponins, alkaloids, anthraquinones, reducing sugar and cardiotonic glycosides. The total polyphenols, tannins and proanthocyanidins are produced proportionally from one region to another. Finally, the leaves from Brazzaville and Boundji contain flavonols, while those from Makoua and Owando contain flavones. Thus, Pentaclethra eetveldeana leaves contribute to traditional dementia treatment through their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor N’goka
- Laboratoire de Pharmacodynamie et de Physiopathologie Expérimentale (L2PE), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Marien Ngouabi (UMNG), Brazzaville BP 69, Congo
- Unité d’Evolution, Epidémiologie et Résistances Parasitaires (UNEEREP), Centre Interdisciplinaire et de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF), Franceville BP 769, Gabon
| | - Sandrine Lydie Oyegue Liabagui
- Unité d’Evolution, Epidémiologie et Résistances Parasitaires (UNEEREP), Centre Interdisciplinaire et de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF), Franceville BP 769, Gabon
- Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku (USTM), Franceville BP 876, Gabon
- Ecole Doctorale Régionale d’Afrique Centrale en Infectiologie Tropicale (ECODRAC), Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku (USTM), Franceville BP 876, Gabon
| | - Cédric Sima Obiang
- Laboratoire de Recherches en Biochimie (LAREBIO), Faculté des Sciences, Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku (USTM), Franceville BP 876, Gabon
| | - Herman Begouabe
- Laboratoire de Recherches en Biochimie (LAREBIO), Faculté des Sciences, Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku (USTM), Franceville BP 876, Gabon
| | - Gelase Fredy Nsonde Ntandou
- Laboratoire de Pharmacodynamie et de Physiopathologie Expérimentale (L2PE), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Marien Ngouabi (UMNG), Brazzaville BP 69, Congo
| | - Romeo Karl Imboumy-Limoukou
- Unité d’Evolution, Epidémiologie et Résistances Parasitaires (UNEEREP), Centre Interdisciplinaire et de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF), Franceville BP 769, Gabon
| | - Jean-Claude Biteghe-Bi-Essone
- Unité d’Evolution, Epidémiologie et Résistances Parasitaires (UNEEREP), Centre Interdisciplinaire et de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF), Franceville BP 769, Gabon
| | - Brice Serge Kumulungui
- Unité d’Evolution, Epidémiologie et Résistances Parasitaires (UNEEREP), Centre Interdisciplinaire et de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF), Franceville BP 769, Gabon
| | - Jean Bernard Lekana-Douki
- Unité d’Evolution, Epidémiologie et Résistances Parasitaires (UNEEREP), Centre Interdisciplinaire et de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF), Franceville BP 769, Gabon
- Département de Parasitologie-Mycologie Médecine Tropicale, Faculté de Médecine, Université des Sciences de la Santé (USS), Libreville BP 4009, Gabon
| | - Ange Antoine Abena
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Pharmacologie (LBP), Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Marien Ngouabi (UMNG), Brazzaville BP 69, Congo
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Dudek A, Strugała-Danak P, Kral T, Hof M, Pruchnik H. An analysis of interactions between three structurally diverse anthocyanidins, as well as their glucosides, and model biological membranes, albumin, and plasmid DNA. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12883. [PMID: 37558717 PMCID: PMC10412636 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39470-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study is to investigate the differences in the interaction of three structurally diverse anthocyanidins, namely peonidin, petunidin, and delphinidin, as well as their glucosides with model biological membranes, human albumin, and plasmid DNA in order to look into their structure-activity relationships. Fluorimetric studies, as well as ATR-FTIR analyses, were jointly used in order to determine the changes observed in both the hydrophilic and hydrophobic layers of cell-mimic membranes (MM) which reflected the membrane lipid composition of tumour cells and red blood cell membranes (RBCM). Our results showed that anthocyanins and anthocyanidins can cause an increase in the packing order of the polar heads of lipids, as well as interact with their deeper layers by reducing the fluidity of lipid chains. The results presented here indicate that all compounds tested here possessed the ability to bind to human serum albumin (HSA) and the presence of a glucose molecule within the structures formed by anthocyanidin reduces their ability to bind to proteins. Using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, it was demonstrated that the compounds tested here were capable of forming stable complexes with plasmid DNA and, particularly, strong DNA conformational changes were observed in the presence of petunidin and corresponding glucoside, as well as delphinidin. The results we obtained can be useful in comprehending the anthocyanins therapeutic action as molecular antioxidants and provide a valuable insight into their mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Dudek
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Paulina Strugała-Danak
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Teresa Kral
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejskova 3, 18223, Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Hof
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejskova 3, 18223, Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Hanna Pruchnik
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
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Kampa RP, Sęk A, Bednarczyk P, Szewczyk A, Calderone V, Testai L. Flavonoids as new regulators of mitochondrial potassium channels: contribution to cardioprotection. J Pharm Pharmacol 2022; 75:466-481. [PMID: 36508341 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgac093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Acute myocardial ischemia is one of the major causes of illness in western society. Reduced coronary blood supply leads to cell death and loss of cardiomyocyte population, resulting in serious and often irreversible consequences on myocardial function. Mitochondrial potassium (mitoK) channels have been identified as fine regulators of mitochondrial function and, consequently, in the metabolism of the whole cell, and in the mechanisms underlying the cardioprotection. Interestingly, mitoK channels represent a novel putative target for treating cardiovascular diseases, particularly myocardial infarction, and their modulators represent an interesting tool for pharmacological intervention. In this review, we took up the challenge of selecting flavonoids that show cardioprotective properties through the activation of mitoK channels.
Key findings
A brief overview of the main information on mitoK channels and their participation in the induction of cytoprotective processes was provided. Then, naringenin, quercetin, morin, theaflavin, baicalein, epigallocatechin gallate, genistein, puerarin, luteolin and proanthocyanidins demonstrated to be effective modulators of mitoK channels activity, mediating many beneficial effects.
Summary
The pathophysiological role of mitoK channels has been investigated as well as the impact of flavonoids on this target with particular attention to their potential role in the prevention of cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał P Kampa
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS , Warsaw , Poland
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa , Italy
| | - Aleksandra Sęk
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS , Warsaw , Poland
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Piotr Bednarczyk
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, SGGW , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Adam Szewczyk
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS , Warsaw , Poland
| | | | - Lara Testai
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa , Italy
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Pruchnik H, Włoch A, Gładkowski W, Grudniewska A, Chojnacka A, Krzemiński M, Rudzińska M. Effect of Distigmasterol-Modified Acylglycerols on the Fluidity and Phase Transition of Lipid Model Membranes. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12111054. [PMID: 36363609 PMCID: PMC9698068 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12111054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Plant sterols are known for their health-promoting effects, lowering blood cholesterol levels and alleviating cardiovascular disease. In this work, we continue our research on the asymmetric acylglycerols in which fatty acid residues are replaced by two stigmasterol residues in sn-1 and sn-2 or sn-2 and sn-3 positions as new thermostable carriers of phytosterols for their potential application in foods or as components of new liposomes in the pharmaceutical industry. The aim of this manuscript was to compare and analyze the effects of four distigmasterol-modified acylglycerols (dStigMAs) on the fluidity and the main phase transition temperature of the model phospholipid membrane. Their properties were determined using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), steady-state fluorimetry and attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). The determination of the effect of the tested compounds on the mentioned physicochemical parameters of the model membranes will allow for the determination of their properties and stability, which is essential for their practical application. The results indicated that all compounds effect on the physicochemical properties of the model membrane. The degree of these changes depends on the structure of the compound, especially the type of linker by which stigmasterol is attached to the glycerol backbone, as well as on the type of hydrocarbon chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Pruchnik
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Włoch
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Witold Gładkowski
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Grudniewska
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Chojnacka
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Mateusz Krzemiński
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
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Cyboran-Mikołajczyk S, Bonarska-Kujawa D, Męczarska K, Krawczyk-Łebek A, Kostrzewa-Susłow E. Novel O-Methylglucoside Derivatives of Flavanone in Interaction with Model Membrane and Transferrin. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:978. [PMID: 36295737 PMCID: PMC9609356 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12100978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids were biotransformed using various microorganisms, in order to obtain new compounds with potentially high biological activity. The aim of this work was to determine and compare the biological activity of four novel 6-methylflavanone O-methylglucosides. The tested compounds have the same flavonoid core structure and an attached O-methylglucose and hydroxyl group at different positions of ring A or B. The studies on their biological activity were conducted in relation to phosphatidylcholine membrane, erythrocytes and their membrane, and with human transferrin. These studies determined the compounds' toxicity and their impact on the physical properties of the membranes. Furthermore, the binding ability of the compounds to holo-transferrin was investigated. The obtained results indicate that used compounds bind to erythrocytes, change their shape and decrease osmotic fragility but do not disrupt the membrane structure. Furthermore, the used compounds ordered the area of the polar heads of lipids and increased membrane fluidity. However, the results indicate the binding of these compounds in the hydrophilic region of the membranes, like other flavonoid glycosides. The used flavanones formed complexes with transferrin without inducing conformational changes in the protein's structure. The relationship between their molecular structure and biological activity was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Cyboran-Mikołajczyk
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Dorota Bonarska-Kujawa
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Męczarska
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Krawczyk-Łebek
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Edyta Kostrzewa-Susłow
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
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Characterization of PDL1 enhanced siRNA/albumin liposome for effective therapeutic function in lung cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022:10.1007/s00432-022-04298-2. [PMID: 35997823 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04298-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The applications of liposomes are limited due to poor structural stability and short drug circulation time. This study aims to build an albumin-based liposomal delivery system to provide strategies for tumor specificity, efficient gene delivery and effective release of albumin liposomes. METHODS In this study, siRNA loaded PDL1-targeted albumin liposome was constructed for the treatment of lung cancer and its function was evaluated. Physical parameters such as particle size, potential and infrared spectrum were detected and microscopic morphology was observed by electron microscopy to detect the binding and uptake capacity of albumin liposome with cells. The optimal preparation process and binding ratio of PDL1-targeted albumin liposome/siRNA complex were determined. RESULTS The constructed siRNA loaded PDL1-targeted albumin liposomes has low toxicity, high loading rate and tumor cell targeted gene therapy ability. Moreover, it increased T cell activation and down-regulated siRNA expression, effectively realizing the inhibition of lung cancer cells. CONCLUSION The results showed that the PDL1-targeted albumin liposome could be used as a high efficient delivery vector of siRNA, and was a high efficient and safe nano vector for tumor targeted gene therapy.
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Krawczyk-Łebek A, Dymarska M, Janeczko T, Kostrzewa-Susłow E. Glycosylation of Methylflavonoids in the Cultures of Entomopathogenic Filamentous Fungi as a Tool for Obtaining New Biologically Active Compounds. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105558. [PMID: 35628367 PMCID: PMC9146141 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoid compounds are secondary plant metabolites with numerous biological activities; they naturally occur mainly in the form of glycosides. The glucosyl moiety attached to the flavonoid core makes them more stable and water-soluble. The methyl derivatives of flavonoids also show increased stability and intestinal absorption. Our study showed that such flavonoids can be obtained by combined chemical and biotechnological methods with entomopathogenic filamentous fungi as glycosylation biocatalysts. In the current paper, two flavonoids, i.e., 2′-hydroxy-4-methylchalcone and 4′-methylflavone, have been synthesized and biotransformed in the cultures of two strains of entomopathogenic filamentous fungi Isaria fumosorosea KCH J2 and Beauveria bassiana KCH J1.5. Biotransformation of 2′-hydroxy-4-methylchalcone resulted in the formation of two dihydrochalcone glucopyranoside derivatives in the culture of I. fumosorosea KCH J2 and chalcone glucopyranoside derivative in the case of B. bassiana KCH J1.5. 4′-Methylflavone was transformed in the culture of I. fumosorosea KCH J2 into four products, i.e., 4′-hydroxymethylflavone, flavone 4′-methylene-O-β-d-(4″-O-methyl)-glucopyranoside, flavone 4′-carboxylic acid, and 4′-methylflavone 3-O-β-d-(4″-O-methyl)-glucopyranoside. 4′-Methylflavone was not efficiently biotransformed in the culture of B. bassiana KCH J1.5. The computer-aided simulations based on the chemical structures of the obtained compounds showed their improved physicochemical properties and antimicrobial, anticarcinogenic, hepatoprotective, and cardioprotective potential.
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12
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4'-Methylflavanone Glycosides Obtained Using Biotransformation in the Entomopathogenic Filamentous Fungi Cultures as Potential Anticarcinogenic, Antimicrobial, and Hepatoprotective Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105373. [PMID: 35628179 PMCID: PMC9140535 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoid compounds exhibit numerous biological activities and significantly impact human health. The presence of methyl or glucosyl moieties attached to the flavonoid core remarkably modifies their physicochemical properties and improves intestinal absorption. Combined chemical and biotechnological methods can be applied to obtain such derivatives. In the presented study, 4'-methylflavanone was synthesized and biotransformed in the cultures of three strains of entomopathogenic filamentous fungi, i.e., Isaria fumosorosea KCH J2, Beauveria bassiana KCH J1.5, and Isaria farinosa KCH J2.1. The microbial transformation products in the culture of I. fumosorosea KCH J2, flavanone 4'-methylene-O-β-D-(4″-O-methyl)-glucopyranoside, 2-phenyl-(4'-hydroxymethyl)-4-hydroxychromane, and flavanone 4'-carboxylic acid were obtained. Biotransformation of 4'-methylflavanone in the culture of B. bassiana KCH J1.5 resulted in the formation of one main product, i.e., flavanone 4'-methylene-O-β-D-(4″-O-methyl)-glucopyranoside. In the case of I. farinosa KCH J2.6 as a biocatalyst, three products, i.e., flavanone 4'-methylene-O-β-D-(4″-O-methyl)-glucopyranoside, flavanone 4'-carboxylic acid, and 4'-hydroxymethylflavanone 4-O-β-D-(4″-O-methyl)-glucopyranoside were obtained. The Swiss-ADME online simulations confirmed the increase in water solubility of 4'-methylflavanone glycosides and analyses performed using the Way2Drug Pass Online prediction tool indicated that flavanone 4'-methylene-O-β-D-(4″-O-methyl)-glucopyranoside and 4'-hydroxymethylflavanone 4-O-β-D-(4″-O-methyl)-glucopyranoside, which had not been previously reported in the literature, are promising anticarcinogenic, antimicrobial, and hepatoprotective agents.
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Oh SY, Hyun CG. Chrysoeriol Enhances Melanogenesis in B16F10 Cells Through the Modulation of the MAPK, AKT, PKA, and Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathways. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x211069204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chrysoeriol is a 3′-O-methoxy flavone, chemically a derivative of luteolin, which is commonly found across the plant kingdom. Chrysoeriol is of great scientific interest because of its promising anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antioxidative, anti-lipase, anti-xanthin oxidase, and antimicrobial activities against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens; however, its effects on melanogenesis have not yet been elucidated. Here, we report a novel effect of chrysoeriol on melanogenesis in B16F10 cells. Chrysoeriol treatment significantly increased the expression of the melanogenic enzymes tyrosinase (TRY), tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1), and TRP-2 and upregulated the expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, chrysoeriol suppressed the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and protein kinase B (AKT) in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, chrysoeriol treatment increased the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β, β-catenin, and protein kinase A (PKA) and decreased the production of β-catenin, which is involved in the transcriptional activation of MITF in melanogenesis. Finally, the structure–activity relationship (SAR) of chrysoeriol and its derivatives, including luteolin and apigenin, with regard to their melanin inhibitory activity was also investigated; we identified the significance of the 4′-OH group and C-3′ methoxylation in melanogenesis. Together, these findings indicate that chrysoeriol promotes melanogenesis in B16F10 cells by upregulating the expression of melanogenic enzymes through the MAPK, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT, PKA, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways; thus, chrysoeriol may be used as a cosmetic ingredient to promote melanogenesis or as a therapeutic agent against hypopigmentation disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Yeon Oh
- Jeju Inside Agency and Cosmetic Science Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Chang-Gu Hyun
- Jeju Inside Agency and Cosmetic Science Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
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Krawczyk-Łebek A, Dymarska M, Janeczko T, Kostrzewa-Susłow E. Fungal Biotransformation of 2'-Methylflavanone and 2'-Methylflavone as a Method to Obtain Glycosylated Derivatives. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9617. [PMID: 34502526 PMCID: PMC8431774 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Methylated flavonoids are promising pharmaceutical agents due to their improved metabolic stability and increased activity compared to unmethylated forms. The biotransformation in cultures of entomopathogenic filamentous fungi is a valuable method to obtain glycosylated flavones and flavanones with increased aqueous solubility and bioavailability. In the present study, we combined chemical synthesis and biotransformation to obtain methylated and glycosylated flavonoid derivatives. In the first step, we synthesized 2'-methylflavanone and 2'-methylflavone. Afterwards, both compounds were biotransformed in the cultures of two strains of entomopathogenic filamentous fungi Beauveria bassiana KCH J1.5 and Isaria fumosorosea KCH J2. We determined the structures of biotransformation products based on NMR spectroscopy. Biotransformations of 2'-methyflavanone in the culture of B. bassiana KCH J1.5 resulted in three glycosylated flavanones: 2'-methylflavanone 6-O-β-d-(4″-O-methyl)-glucopyranoside, 3'-hydroxy-2'-methylflavanone 6-O-β-d-(4″-O-methyl)-glucopyranoside, and 2-(2'-methylphenyl)-chromane 4-O-β-d-(4″-O-methyl)-glucopyranoside, whereas in the culture of I. fumosorosea KCH J2, two other products were obtained: 2'-methylflavanone 3'-O-β-d-(4″-O-methyl)-glucopyranoside and 2-methylbenzoic acid 4-O-β-d-(4'-O-methyl)-glucopyranoside. 2'-Methylflavone was effectively biotransformed only by I. fumosorosea KCH J2 into three derivatives: 2'-methylflavone 3'-O-β-d-(4″-O-methyl)-glucopyranoside, 2'-methylflavone 4'-O-β-d-(4″-O-methyl)-glucopyranoside, and 2'-methylflavone 5'-O-β-d-(4″-O-methyl)-glucopyranoside. All obtained glycosylated flavonoids have not been described in the literature until now and need further research on their biological activity and pharmacological efficacy as potential drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Krawczyk-Łebek
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (M.D.); (T.J.)
| | | | | | - Edyta Kostrzewa-Susłow
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (M.D.); (T.J.)
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