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Li Z, Hong L, Li Y, Lin X, Chen M, Bu S, Xu S, Zeng Q, Huang Y, Bian L, Zheng J, Gao B, Liu G, He W, Song X, Ye F, Huang L, Jiang S, Shi J, Tang T. Allergic hyper-carcinoembryonic antigen syndrome: A syndrome summarized by case series. SAGE Open Med Case Rep 2024; 12:2050313X241261152. [PMID: 38887262 PMCID: PMC11181888 DOI: 10.1177/2050313x241261152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Allergic respiratory diseases can increase serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels. We report three cases experiencing allergic symptoms that proved refractory to inhaled corticosteroids but exhibited a positive response to long-term treatment with oral corticosteroids. This response was characterized by a synchronous alteration in serum eosinophil counts and carcinoembryonic antigen levels. Immunofluorescence assays indicated localized carcinoembryonic antigen production within eosinophils. In addition, we conducted a systematic review of patients exhibiting similar characteristics on PubMed. After comprehensively reviewing this unique pathophysiological condition, we herein introduced a novel term "Allergic hyper-carcinoembryonic antigen syndrome," defined by the following criteria: (1) recurrent asthmatic attacks; (2) eosinophilia or pulmonary eosinophilic infiltrations accompanied by elevated serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels; (3) pulmonary lesions determined by imaging or biopsy; (4) exclusion of malignancy and infections; and (5) responsive to systemic corticosteroids. Allergic hyper-carcinoembryonic antigen syndrome suggests systemic corticosteroids should be introduced early when managing allergic patients with both eosinophilia and elevated serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolin Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Luna Hong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuewei Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoling Lin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiyi Bu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuwan Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiaojun Zeng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yijiao Huang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Bian
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianming Zheng
- Cardiovascular Medicine Department, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Boying Gao
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guirong Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenman He
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueming Song
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengzhan Ye
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linjie Huang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanping Jiang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianting Shi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tiantian Tang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Yu X, Zheng L, Xia Z, Xu Y, Shen X, Huang Y, Dai Y. Comprehensive proteomic profiling of lung adenocarcinoma: development and validation of an innovative prognostic model. Transl Cancer Res 2024; 13:2187-2207. [PMID: 38881920 PMCID: PMC11170522 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-23-1940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Background Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), a global leading cause of cancer deaths, remains inadequately addressed by current protein biomarkers. Our study focuses on developing a protein-based risk signature for improved prognosis of LUAD. Methods We employed the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)-COX algorithm on The Cancer Genome Atlas database to construct a prognostic model incorporating six proteins (CD49B, UQCRC2, SMAD1, FOXM1, CD38, and KAP1). The model's performance was assessed using principal component, Kaplan-Meier (KM), and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, indicating strong predictive capability. The model stratifies LUAD patients into distinct risk groups, with further analysis revealing its potential as an independent prognostic factor. Additionally, we developed a predictive nomogram integrating clinicopathologic factors, aimed at assisting clinicians in survival prediction. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and examination of the tumor immune microenvironment were conducted, highlighting metabolic pathways in high-risk genes and immune-related pathways in low-risk genes, indicating varied immunotherapy sensitivity. Validation through immunohistochemistry from the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database and immunofluorescence staining of clinical samples was performed, particularly focusing on CD38 expression. Results Our six-protein model (CD49B, UQCRC2, SMAD1, FOXM1, CD38, KAP1) effectively categorized LUAD patients into high and low-risk groups, confirmed by principal component, KM, and ROC analyses. The model showed high predictive accuracy, with distinct survival differences between risk groups. Notably, CD38, traditionally seen as protective, was paradoxically associated with poor prognosis in LUAD, a finding supported by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence data. GSEA revealed that high-risk genes are enriched in metabolic pathways, while low-risk genes align with immune-related pathways, suggesting better immunotherapy response in the latter group. Conclusions This study presented a novel prognostic protein model for LUAD, highlighting the CD38 expression paradox and enhancing our understanding of protein roles in lung cancer progression. It offered new clinical tools for prognosis prediction and provided assistance for future lung cancer pathogenesis research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zehai Xia
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanling Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xihui Shen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yihui Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Dai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
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Zhou Y, Tao L, Qiu J, Xu J, Yang X, Zhang Y, Tian X, Guan X, Cen X, Zhao Y. Tumor biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and targeted therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:132. [PMID: 38763973 PMCID: PMC11102923 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01823-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor biomarkers, the substances which are produced by tumors or the body's responses to tumors during tumorigenesis and progression, have been demonstrated to possess critical and encouraging value in screening and early diagnosis, prognosis prediction, recurrence detection, and therapeutic efficacy monitoring of cancers. Over the past decades, continuous progress has been made in exploring and discovering novel, sensitive, specific, and accurate tumor biomarkers, which has significantly promoted personalized medicine and improved the outcomes of cancer patients, especially advances in molecular biology technologies developed for the detection of tumor biomarkers. Herein, we summarize the discovery and development of tumor biomarkers, including the history of tumor biomarkers, the conventional and innovative technologies used for biomarker discovery and detection, the classification of tumor biomarkers based on tissue origins, and the application of tumor biomarkers in clinical cancer management. In particular, we highlight the recent advancements in biomarker-based anticancer-targeted therapies which are emerging as breakthroughs and promising cancer therapeutic strategies. We also discuss limitations and challenges that need to be addressed and provide insights and perspectives to turn challenges into opportunities in this field. Collectively, the discovery and application of multiple tumor biomarkers emphasized in this review may provide guidance on improved precision medicine, broaden horizons in future research directions, and expedite the clinical classification of cancer patients according to their molecular biomarkers rather than organs of origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhou
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lei Tao
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jiahao Qiu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- School of Medicine, Tibet University, Lhasa, 850000, China
| | - Xinyu Tian
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xinqi Guan
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiaobo Cen
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yinglan Zhao
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Li J, Liu X, Sun H, Xi J, Chang C, Deng L, Yang Y, Li X. Optical fiber sensing probe for detecting a carcinoembryonic antigen using a composite sensitive film of PAN nanofiber membrane and gold nanomembrane. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:20024-20034. [PMID: 38859121 DOI: 10.1364/oe.523513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
An optical fiber sensing probe using a composite sensitive film of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber membrane and gold nanomembrane is presented for the detection of a carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a biomarker associated with colorectal cancer and other diseases. The probe is based on a tilted fiber Bragg grating (TFBG) with a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) gold nanomembrane and a functionalized polyacrylonitrile (PAN) PAN nanofiber coating that selectively binds to CEA molecules. The performance of the probe is evaluated by measuring the spectral shift of the TFBG resonances as a function of CEA concentration in buffer. The probe exhibits a sensitivity of 0.46 dB/(µg/ml), a low limit of detection of 505.4 ng/mL in buffer, and a good selectivity and reproducibility. The proposed probe offers a simple, cost-effective, and a novel method for CEA detection that can be potentially applied for clinical diagnosis and monitoring of CEA-related diseases.
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Wach MM, Nunns G, Hamed A, Derby J, Jelinek M, Tatsuoka C, Holtzman MP, Zureikat AH, Bartlett DL, Ahrendt SA, Pingpank JF, Choudry MHA, Ongchin M. Normal CEA Levels After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Cytoreduction with Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemoperfusion Predict Improved Survival from Colorectal Peritoneal Metastases. Ann Surg Oncol 2024; 31:2391-2400. [PMID: 38270826 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-024-14901-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Normal carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels (≤ 2.5 ng/ml) after resection of localized colorectal cancer or liver metastases are associated with improved survival, however, these trends are understudied for colorectal peritoneal metastases (CRPM). PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective single-institution study of patients with CRPM undergoing cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemoperfusion (CRS/HIPEC) with and without neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). CEA was measured before and after NACT and within 3 months after CRS/HIPEC. RESULTS A total of 253 patients (mean age 55.3 years) with CRPM undergoing CRS/HIPEC had complete CEA data and 191 also underwent NACT with complete data. The median peritoneal carcinomatosis index score (PCI) of the overall cohort was 12 and 82.7% of patients had complete cytoreduction (CC0). In total, 64 (33.5%) patients had normal CEA levels after NACT with a median overall survival (OS) of 45.2 months compared with those with an elevated CEA (26.4 months, p = 0.004). Patients with normal CEA after NACT had a lower PCI found at the time of surgery than those with elevated CEA (10 versus 14, p < 0.001), 68 (26.9%) patients with an elevated preoperative CEA level experienced normalization after CRS/HIPEC, and 118 (46.6%) patients had elevated CEA after CRS/HIPEC. Patients who experienced normalization demonstrated similar OS to patients that had normal CEA levels pre- and post-surgery and improved OS compared with those with elevated postop CEA (median 41.9 versus 47 months versus 17.1 months, respectively, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Normal CEA levels after NACT and/or CRS/HIPEC are associated with improved survival for patients with CRPM. Patients that normalize CEA levels after surgery have similar survival to those with normal preoperative levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael M Wach
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Geoffrey Nunns
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ahmed Hamed
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Joshua Derby
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mark Jelinek
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Curtis Tatsuoka
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Matthew P Holtzman
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Amer H Zureikat
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - David L Bartlett
- AHN Cancer Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - James F Pingpank
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - M Haroon A Choudry
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Melanie Ongchin
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Trulson I, Klawonn F, von Pawel J, Holdenrieder S. Improvement of differential diagnosis of lung cancer by use of multiple protein tumor marker combinations. Tumour Biol 2024; 46:S81-S98. [PMID: 38277317 DOI: 10.3233/tub-230021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differential diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) in hospitalized patients is crucial for appropriate treatment choice. OBJECTIVE To investigate the relevance of serum tumor markers (STMs) and their combinations for the differentiation of NSCLC and SCLC subtypes. METHODS Between 2000 and 2003, 10 established STMs were assessed retrospectively in 311 patients with NSCLC, 128 with SCLC prior systemic first-line therapy and 51 controls with benign lung diseases (BLD), by automatized electrochemiluminescence immunoassay technology. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of both individual and multiple STMs with corresponding sensitivities at 90% specificity. Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy (STARD guidelines) were followed. RESULTS CYFRA 21-1 (cytokeratin-19 fragment), CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen) and NSE (neuron specific enolase) were significantly higher in all lung cancers vs BLD, reaching AUCs of 0.81 (95% CI 0.76-0.87), 0.78 (0.73-0.84), and 0.88 (0.84-0.93), respectively. By the three marker combination, the discrimination between benign and all malignant cases was improved resulting in an AUC of 0.93 (95% CI 0.90-0.96). In NSCLC vs. BLD, CYFRA 21-1, CEA and NSE were best discriminative STMs, with AUCs of 0.86 (95% CI 0.81-0.91), 0.80 (0.74-0.85), and 0.85 (0.79-0.91). The three marker combination also improved the AUC: 0.92; 95% CI 0.89-0.96). In SCLC vs. BLD, ProGRP (pro-gastrin-releasing peptide) and NSE were best discriminative STMs, with AUCs of 0.89 (95% CI 0.84-0.94) and 0.96 (0.93-0.98), respectively, and slightly improved AUC of 0.97 (95% CI 0.95-0.99) when in combination. Finally, discrimination between SCLC and NSCLC was possible by ProGRP (AUC 0.86; 95% CI 0.81-0.91), NSE (AUC 0.83; 0.78-0.88) and CYFRA 21-1 (AUC 0.69; 0.64-0.75) and by the combination of the 3 STMs (AUC 0.93; 0.91-0.96), with a sensitivity of 88% at 90% specificity. CONCLUSIONS The results confirm the power of STM combinations for the differential diagnosis of lung cancer from benign lesions and between histological lung cancer subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Trulson
- Munich Biomarker Research Center, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, German Heart Centre Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Frank Klawonn
- Ostfalia University, Department of Computer Science, Wolfenbüttel, Germany
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Biostatistics, Braunschweig, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Holdenrieder
- Munich Biomarker Research Center, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, German Heart Centre Munich, Munich, Germany
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Ba C, Jiang C, Wang H, Shi X, Jin J, Fang Q. Prognostic value of serum oncomarkers for patients hospitalized with acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease. Ther Adv Respir Dis 2024; 18:17534666241250332. [PMID: 38757948 PMCID: PMC11102678 DOI: 10.1177/17534666241250332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Different types of inflammatory processes and fibrosis have been implicated in the pathogenesis of interstitial lung disease (ILD), a heterogeneous, diffuse, parenchymal lung disease. Acute exacerbation (AE) of ILD is characterized by significant respiratory deterioration and is associated with high mortality rates. Several serum oncomarkers have been used to determine the prognosis of ILD; however, the prognostic value of serum oncomarker levels in patients with AE-ILD remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prognostic value of serum oncomarker levels in patients with AE-ILD and its main subtypes. DESIGN Retrospective study. METHODS The serum levels of 8 oncomarkers in 281 patients hospitalized with AE-ILD at our institution between 2017 and 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. The baseline characteristics and serum oncomarker levels were compared between the survival and non-survival groups of AE-ILD and its main subtypes. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent prognosis-related markers, and the best prognostic predictor was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis. RESULT Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF; n = 65), idiopathic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (iNSIP; n = 26), and connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD; n = 161) were the three main subtypes of ILD. The in-hospital mortality rate among patients with AE-ILD was 21%. The serum oncomarker levels of most patients with AE-ILD and its main subtypes in the non-survival group were higher than those in the survival group. Multivariate analysis revealed that ferritin and cytokeratin 19 fragments (CYFRA21-1) were independent prognostic risk factors for patients hospitalized with AE-ILD or AE-CTD-ILD. CYFRA21-1 was identified as an independent prognostic risk factor for patients hospitalized with AE-IPF or AE-iNSIP. CONCLUSION CYFRA21-1 may be a viable biomarker for predicting the prognosis of patients with AE-ILD, regardless of the underlying subtype of ILD. Ferritin has a prognostic value in patients with AE-ILD or AE-CTD-ILD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuirong Ba
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Chunguo Jiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huijuan Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuhua Shi
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiawei Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- The Clinical Research Center, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Jingxi Branch, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuhong Fang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8, Gongren Tiyuchang South Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100020, China
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Kalkal A, Tiwari A, Sharma D, Baghel MK, Kumar P, Pradhan R, Packirisamy G. Air-brush spray coated Ti 3C 2-MXene-graphene nanohybrid thin film based electrochemical biosensor for cancer biomarker detection. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127260. [PMID: 37802449 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a significant health hazard worldwide and poses a greater threat to the quality of human life. Quantifying cancer biomarkers with high sensitivity has demonstrated considerable potential for compelling, quick, cost-effective, and minimally invasive early-stage cancer detection. In line with this, efforts have been made towards developing an f-graphene@Ti3C2-MXene nanohybrid thin-film-based electrochemical biosensing platform for efficient carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) detection. The air-brush spray coating technique has been utilized for depositing the uniform thin films of amine functionalized graphene (f-graphene) and Ti3C2-MXene nanohybrid on ITO-coated glass substrate. The chemical bonding and morphological studies of the deposited nanohybrid thin films are characterized by advanced analytical tools, including XRD, XPS, and FESEM. The EDC-NHS chemistry is employed to immobilize the deposited thin films with monoclonal anti-CEA antibodies, followed by blocking the non-specific binding sites with BSA. The electrochemical response and optimization of biosensing parameters have been conducted using CV and DPV techniques. The optimized BSA/anti-CEA/f-graphene@Ti3C2-MXene immunoelectrode showed the ability to detect CEA biomarker from 0.01 pg mL-1 to 2000 ng mL-1 having a considerably lower detection limit of 0.30 pg mL-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kalkal
- iHub Divyasmapark, Technology Innovation Hub, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Ayush Tiwari
- iHub Divyasmapark, Technology Innovation Hub, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Deepanshu Sharma
- iHub Divyasmapark, Technology Innovation Hub, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Baghel
- iHub Divyasmapark, Technology Innovation Hub, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Pramod Kumar
- Institute Instrumentation Center, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Rangadhar Pradhan
- iHub Divyasmapark, Technology Innovation Hub, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India.
| | - Gopinath Packirisamy
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India; Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India.
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Wu HM, Wen YL, He XY, Deng ZP. Selective bronchial occlusion for the prevention of pneumothorax after transbronchial lung cryobiopsy in a pulmonary alveolar proteinosis patient: a case report. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1265373. [PMID: 38162886 PMCID: PMC10756706 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1265373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is based on biopsies. Compared with other methods of taking biopsies, transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) has a higher diagnostic rate and the likelihood of pneumothorax. Selective bronchial occlusion (SBO) is an effective technique for treating intractable pneumothorax. However, there are no data available about SBO for the prevention of pneumothorax after TBLC in a PAP patient. A 49-year-old man complained of recurrent cough and tachypnea, and his symptoms did not fully resolve until the diagnosis was confirmed, and he was treated with whole lung lavage. Our patient was ultimately diagnosed with PAP by TBLC but not multiple tests for the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). The patient was discharged quickly after whole lung lavage due to the fact that he did not develop pneumothorax under SBO. This case illustrates that TBLC is a supplementary examination for PAP, especially for those in whom BALF results fail to confirm a diagnosis. Moreover, our report highlights that SBO is necessary to effectively prevent pneumothorax during and after multiple TBLCs in PAP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zhi-Ping Deng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zigong First People’s Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan, China
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Zamfir AS, Zabara ML, Arcana RI, Cernomaz TA, Zabara-Antal A, Marcu MTD, Trofor A, Zamfir CL, Crișan-Dabija R. Exploring the Role of Biomarkers Associated with Alveolar Damage and Dysfunction in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis-A Systematic Review. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1607. [PMID: 38003922 PMCID: PMC10672103 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13111607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is one of the most aggressive forms of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), marked by an ongoing, chronic fibrotic process within the lung tissue. IPF leads to an irreversible deterioration of lung function, ultimately resulting in an increased mortality rate. Therefore, the focus has shifted towards the biomarkers that might contribute to the early diagnosis, risk assessment, prognosis, and tracking of the treatment progress, including those associated with epithelial injury. METHODS We conducted this review through a systematic search of the relevant literature using established databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Selected articles were assessed, with data extracted and synthesized to provide an overview of the current understanding of the existing biomarkers for IPF. RESULTS Signs of epithelial cell damage hold promise as relevant biomarkers for IPF, consequently offering valuable support in its clinical care. Their global and standardized utilization remains limited due to a lack of comprehensive information of their implications in IPF. CONCLUSIONS Recognizing the aggressive nature of IPF among interstitial lung diseases and its profound impact on lung function and mortality, the exploration of biomarkers becomes pivotal for early diagnosis, risk assessment, prognostic evaluation, and therapy monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra-Simona Zamfir
- Clinical Hospital of Pulmonary Diseases, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.-S.Z.); (R.I.A.); (A.T.); (R.C.-D.)
- Department of Medical Sciences III, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mihai Lucian Zabara
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Clinic of Surgery (II), St. Spiridon Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Raluca Ioana Arcana
- Clinical Hospital of Pulmonary Diseases, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.-S.Z.); (R.I.A.); (A.T.); (R.C.-D.)
- Doctoral School of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Tudor Andrei Cernomaz
- Department of Medical Sciences III, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Regional Institute of Oncology, 700483 Iasi, Romania
| | - Andreea Zabara-Antal
- Clinical Hospital of Pulmonary Diseases, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.-S.Z.); (R.I.A.); (A.T.); (R.C.-D.)
- Doctoral School of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Marius Traian Dragoș Marcu
- Clinical Hospital of Pulmonary Diseases, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.-S.Z.); (R.I.A.); (A.T.); (R.C.-D.)
- Department of Medical Sciences I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Antigona Trofor
- Clinical Hospital of Pulmonary Diseases, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.-S.Z.); (R.I.A.); (A.T.); (R.C.-D.)
- Department of Medical Sciences III, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Carmen Lăcrămioara Zamfir
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Radu Crișan-Dabija
- Clinical Hospital of Pulmonary Diseases, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.-S.Z.); (R.I.A.); (A.T.); (R.C.-D.)
- Department of Medical Sciences III, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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11
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Minamibata A, Kono Y, Arimoto T, Marunaka Y, Takayama K. Variability of serum CYFRA 21 - 1 and its susceptibility to clinical characteristics in individuals without cancer: a 4-year retrospective analysis. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:344. [PMID: 37705035 PMCID: PMC10500899 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02650-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CYFRA 21 - 1 is a useful marker for diagnosing and monitoring lung cancer. However, its stability remains unclear. Moreover, while its applicability to screening is now being investigated, CYFRA 21 - 1 levels in individuals without cancer, who are targets for cancer screening, have not yet been the focus of research. Therefore, the present study investigated variability in and the factors increasing serum CYFRA 21 - 1 levels. METHODS This retrospective study recruited 951 individuals undergoing annual medical examinations for six years. We used data obtained in the first four years. Variability in serum CYFRA 21 - 1 levels over a period of four years were investigated. CYFRA 21 - 1 was categorized as normal (≤ 3.5 ng/ml) or elevated (> 3.5 ng/ml). The rate of an elevated level in one visit and the transition from an elevated to normal level between visits were visualized. A multiple logistic regression model was used to study the relationships between the frequency of elevated CYFRA 21 - 1 levels and clinical characteristics, such as age, sex, body mass index, weight changes, and the smoking status. RESULTS Approximately 5% of subjects had elevated CYFRA 21 - 1 levels once in five tests over four years, while 15% had elevated CYFRA 21 - 1 levels once or more. Among subjects with elevated CYFRA 21 - 1 levels in one blood test, between 63 and 72% had normal levels in the next test. The median CYFRA 21 - 1 level in subjects with elevations in one blood test significantly decreased in the next test at all four time points. The frequency of elevated CYFRA 21 - 1 levels was associated with an older age [odds ratio (OR) = 6.99, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 3.01-16.2], current heavy smoking (OR = 3.46, 95% CI = 1.52-7.9), and weight loss (OR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.07-3.24). CONCLUSIONS Variability in and the factors increasing serum CYFRA 21 - 1 levels beyond the cut-off value need to be considered when interpretating CYFRA 21 - 1 test results. The future application of CYFRA 21 - 1 to lung cancer screening may require more than a single measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asami Minamibata
- Medical Research Institute, Kyoto Industrial Health Association, 67 Kita-Tsuboicho Nishinokyo Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto, 604-8472, Japan.
| | - Yoshihito Kono
- Medical Research Institute, Kyoto Industrial Health Association, 67 Kita-Tsuboicho Nishinokyo Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto, 604-8472, Japan
| | - Taichiro Arimoto
- Medical Research Institute, Kyoto Industrial Health Association, 67 Kita-Tsuboicho Nishinokyo Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto, 604-8472, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Marunaka
- Medical Research Institute, Kyoto Industrial Health Association, 67 Kita-Tsuboicho Nishinokyo Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto, 604-8472, Japan
| | - Koichi Takayama
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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12
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Chen X, Zhu X, Yan W, Wang L, Xue D, Zhu S, Pan J, Li Y, Zhao Q, Han D. Serum lncRNA THRIL predicts benign and malignant pulmonary nodules and promotes the progression of pulmonary malignancies. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:755. [PMID: 37582734 PMCID: PMC10426220 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11264-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This project aimed to research the significance of THRIL in the diagnosis of benign and malignant solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs) and to investigate the role of THRIL/miR-99a in malignant SPNs. METHODS The study groups consisted of 169 patients with SPN and 74 healthy subjects. The differences in THRIL levels were compared between the two groups and the healthy group. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was utilized to analyze the THRIL's significance in detecting benign and malignant SPN. Pearson correlation and binary regression coefficients represented the association between THRIL and SPN. CCK-8 assay, Transwell assay, and flow cytometry were utilized to detect the regulatory effect of THRIL silencing. The interaction between THRIL, miR-99a, and IGF1R was confirmed by the double luciferase reporter gene. RESULTS There were differences in THRIL expression in the healthy group, benign SPN group, and malignant SPN group. High accuracy of THRIL in the diagnosis of benign SPN and malignant SPN was observed. THRIL was associated with the development of SPN. The expression of THRIL was upregulated and miR-99a was downregulated in lung cancer cells. The double luciferase report experiment confirmed the connections between THRIL/miR-99a/IGF1R. Silencing THRIL could suppress cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and promote cell apoptosis by binding miR-99a. CONCLUSION The detection of THRIL in serum is useful for the assessment of malignant SPN. THRIL can regulate the expression of IGF1R through miR-99a, thereby promoting the growth of lung cancer cells and inhibiting apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated with Xuzhou Medical College, 269 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221000, China
| | - Xianji Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, China
| | - Wenjun Yan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated with Xuzhou Medical College, 269 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221000, China
| | - Luan Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated with Xuzhou Medical College, 269 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221000, China
| | - Dongming Xue
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated with Xuzhou Medical College, 269 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221000, China
| | - Shouying Zhu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated with Xuzhou Medical College, 269 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221000, China
| | - Jiajun Pan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated with Xuzhou Medical College, 269 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221000, China
| | - Yufeng Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated with Xuzhou Medical College, 269 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221000, China
| | - Qixiang Zhao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated with Xuzhou Medical College, 269 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221000, China
| | - Dong Han
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated with Xuzhou Medical College, 269 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221000, China.
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13
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Kalkal A, Pradhan R, Packirisamy G. Gold nanoparticles modified reduced graphene oxide nanosheets based dual-quencher for highly sensitive detection of carcinoembryonic antigen. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125157. [PMID: 37257543 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In the current scenario, the dominance of cancer is becoming a disastrous threat to mankind. Therefore, an advanced analytical approach is desired as the need of the hour for early diagnosis to curb the menace of cancer. In this context, the present work reports the development of nano surface energy transfer (NSET) based fluorescent immunosensor for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) detection utilizing protein functionalized graphene quantum dots (anti-CEA/amine-GQDs) and a nanocomposite of nanostructured gold and reduced graphene oxide (AuNPs@rGO) as energy donor-acceptor pair, respectively. The obtained AuNPs@rGO nanocomposite has been characterized by different advanced analytical techniques. The functionality of the biosensor depends on quenching the fluorescence of anti-CEA/amine-GQDs donor species by AuNPs@rGO acceptor species, followed by the gradual recovery of GQDs' fluorescence after CEA addition. The efficient energy transfer kinetics have been envisaged by utilizing the AuNPs@rGO nanocomposite as a dual-quencher nanoprobe that revealed improved energy transfer and quenching efficiency (~62 %, 88 %) compared to AuNPs (~43 %, 81 %) as a single quencher. Further, the developed biosensing platform successfully detected CEA biomarker with notable biosensing parameters, including a wider linear detection range (0.001-500 ng mL-1), fast response time (24 min), and a significantly low detection limit (0.35 pg mL-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kalkal
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India.
| | - Rangadhar Pradhan
- iHub Divyasmapark, Technology Innovation hub, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Gopinath Packirisamy
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India; Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India.
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14
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Azari F, Meijer RPJ, Kennedy GT, Hanna A, Chang A, Nadeem B, Din A, Pèlegrin A, Framery B, Cailler F, Sullivan NT, Kucharczuk J, Martin LW, Vahrmeijer AL, Singhal S. Carcinoembryonic Antigen-Related Cell Adhesion Molecule Type 5 Receptor-Targeted Fluorescent Intraoperative Molecular Imaging Tracer for Lung Cancer: A Nonrandomized Controlled Trial. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2252885. [PMID: 36705924 PMCID: PMC10292762 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.52885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance Localization of subcentimeter ground glass opacities during minimally invasive thoracoscopic lung cancer resections is a significant challenge in thoracic oncology. Intraoperative molecular imaging has emerged as a potential solution, but the availability of suitable fluorescence agents is a limiting factor. Objective To evaluate the suitability of SGM-101, a carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule type 5 (CEACAM5) receptor-targeted near-infrared fluorochrome, for molecular imaging-guided lung cancer resections, because glycoprotein is expressed in more than 80% of adenocarcinomas. Design, Setting, and Participants For this nonrandomized, proof-of-principal, phase 1 controlled trial, patients were divided into 2 groups between August 1, 2020, and January 31, 2022. Patients with known CEACAM5-positive gastrointestinal tumors suggestive of lung metastasis were selected as proof-of-principle positive controls. The investigative group included patients with lung nodules suggestive of primary lung malignant neoplasms. Patients 18 years or older without significant comorbidities that precluded surgical exploration with suspicious pulmonary nodules requiring surgical biopsy were included in the study. Interventions SGM-101 (10 mg) was infused up to 5 days before index operation, and pulmonary nodules were imaged using a near-infrared camera system with a dedicated thoracoscope. Main Outcomes and Measures SGM-101 localization to pulmonary nodules and its correlation with CEACAM5 glycoprotein expression by the tumor as quantified by tumor and normal pulmonary parenchymal fluorescence. Results Ten patients (5 per group; 5 male and 5 female; median [IQR] age, 66 [58-69] years) with 14 total lesions (median [range] lesion size, 0.91 [0.90-2.00] cm) were enrolled in the study. In the control group of 4 patients (1 patient did not undergo surgical resection because of abnormal preoperative cardiac clearance findings that were not deemed related to SGM-101 infusion), the mean (SD) lesion size was 1.33 (0.48) cm, 2 patients had elevated serum CEA markers, and 2 patients had normal serum CEA levels. Of the 4 patients who underwent surgical intervention, those with 2+ and 3+ tissue CEACAM5 expression had excellent tumor fluorescence, with a mean (SD) tumor to background ratio of 3.11 (0.45). In the patient cohort, the mean (SD) lesion size was 0.68 (0.22) cm, and no elevations in serum CEA levels were found. Lack of SGM-101 fluorescence was associated with benign lesions and with lack of CEACAM5 staining. Conclusions and Relevance This in-human proof-of-principle nonrandomized controlled trial demonstrated SGM-101 localization to CEACAM5-positive tumors with the detection of real-time near-infrared fluorescence in situ, ex vivo, and by immunofluorescence microscopy. These findings suggest that SGM-101 is a safe, receptor-specific, and feasible intraoperative molecular imaging fluorochrome that should be further evaluated in randomized clinical trials. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04315467.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feredun Azari
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Ruben P J Meijer
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Gregory T Kennedy
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Andrew Hanna
- Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Ashley Chang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Bilal Nadeem
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Azra Din
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - André Pèlegrin
- SurgiMab, Montpellier, France
- Institute of Cancer Research of Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Neil T Sullivan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - John Kucharczuk
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Linda W Martin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville
| | - Alexander L Vahrmeijer
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Sunil Singhal
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
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15
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Tang Y, Chen Y, Liu Y, Xia Y, Zhao F, Zeng B. Detection of Gastric Cancer-Associated d-Amino Acids and Carcinoembryonic Antigen by Colorimetric and Immuno ECL Sensing Platform Based on the Catalysis of N/S-Doped Carbon Dots @ N-Rich Porous Carbon Nanoenzyme. Anal Chem 2022; 94:17787-17794. [PMID: 36520819 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a malignant tumor, and its early diagnosis remains challenging due to the lack of simple and sensitive detection methods and specific biomarkers. In this work, to improve the detection reliability, we developed a dual-mode detection strategy for the detection of two biomarkers associated with it. First, an N- and S-doped carbon dots-N-rich porous carbon nanoenzyme (N/S-CDs@NC) was prepared by a two-step pyrolysis of thiourea-penetrated zinc-based zeolite imidazole framework. It was then combined with the 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine-H2O2 system for the colorimetric detection of d-amino acids (i.e., d-proline (d-Pro) and d-alanine (d-Ala)) in saliva, based on d-amino acid oxidase catalyzing d-amino acid oxidation to produce H2O2. In this way, the low detection limits (S/N = 3) of d-Pro and d-Ala were 0.14 and 0.35 μM, respectively. Furthermore, N/S-CDs@NC was combined with the luminol-H2O2 electrochemiluminescence (ECL) system and magnetic immune accumulation/separation strategy to detect the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in serum. The porous N/S-CDs@NC could facilitate participant contact, promote the generation of hydroxyl radical (•OH), and electrostatically attract •OH, thereby significantly amplifying the ECL signal of luminol and improving the signal stability. Thus, the detection mode showed considerable sensitivity and selectivity, with a low detection limit of 0.26 pg mL-1. The strategy proposed in this work can also be used for the detection of other disease markers by substituting the recognition elements, thus having good application potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Tang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Yanran Chen
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Yiwei Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Yide Xia
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Faqiong Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Baizhao Zeng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, P. R. China
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16
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You JF, Hsu YJ, Chern YJ, Cheng CC, Jong BK, Liao CK, Hsieh PS, Hsu HC, Tsai WS. Preoperative Cancer Inflammation Prognostic Index as a Superior Predictor of Short- and Long-Term Outcomes in Patients with Stage I-III Colorectal Cancer after Curative Surgery. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246232. [PMID: 36551717 PMCID: PMC9777276 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory reactions play a crucial role in cancer progression and may contribute to systemic inflammation. In routine clinical practice, some inflammatory biomarkers can be utilized as valuable predictors for colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aims to determine the usefulness of a novel cancer-inflammation prognostic index (CIPI) marker derived from calculating carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) multiplied by the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) values established for non-metastatic CRCs. Between January 1995 and December 2018, 12,092 patients were diagnosed with stage I to III primary CRC and had radical resection—they were all included in this study for further investigation. There were 5996 (49.6%) patients in the low-CIPI group and 6096 (50.4%) patients in the high-CIPI group according to the cutoff value of 8. For long-term outcomes, the high-CIPI group had a significantly higher incidence of recurrence (30.6% vs. 16.0%, p < 0.001) and worse relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) rates (p < 0.001). High CIPI was an independent prognostic factor for RFS and OS in univariate and multivariate analyses. This research is the first to document the independent significance of CIPI as a prognostic factor for CRC. To ensure that it works, this CIPI needs to be tested on more CRC prediction models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeng-Fu You
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Hsu
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Jong Chern
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chung Cheng
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Kang Jong
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Kai Liao
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Shiu Hsieh
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chih Hsu
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Sy Tsai
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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17
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Kansara M, Bhardwaj N, Thavaneswaran S, Xu C, Lee JK, Chang L, Madison RW, Lin F, Hsu E, Patel VK, Aleshin A, Oxnard GR, Simes J, Nimeiri H, Thomas DM. Early circulating tumor DNA dynamics as a pan-tumor biomarker for long-term clinical outcome in patients treated with durvalumab and tremelimumab. Mol Oncol 2022; 17:298-311. [PMID: 36426653 PMCID: PMC9892824 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need to identify biomarkers of early response that can accurately predict the benefit of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). Patients receiving durvalumab/tremelimumab had tumor samples sequenced before treatment (baseline) to identify variants for the design of a personalized circulating tumor (ctDNA) assay. ctDNA was assessed at baseline and at 4 and/or 8 weeks into treatment. Correlations between ctDNA changes to radiographic response and overall survival (OS) were made to assess potential clinical benefit. 35/40 patients (87.5%) had personalized ctDNA assays designed, and 29/35 (82.9%) had plasma available for baseline analysis, representing 16 unique solid tumor histologies. As early as 4 weeks after treatment, decline in ctDNA from baseline predicted improved OS (P = 0.0144; HR = 9.98) and ctDNA changes on treatment-supported and refined radiographic response calls. ctDNA clearance at any time through week 8 identified complete responders by a median lead time of 11.5 months ahead of radiographic imaging. ctDNA response monitoring is emerging as a dynamic, personalized biomarker method that may predict survival outcomes in patients with diverse solid tumor histologies, complementing and sometimes preceding standard-of-care imaging assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Kansara
- The Kinghorn Cancer CentreGarvan Institute of Medical ResearchDarlinghurstNSWAustralia,Faculty of Medicine, St. Vincent's Clinical SchoolUNSW SydneyKensingtonNSWAustralia
| | | | - Subotheni Thavaneswaran
- The Kinghorn Cancer CentreGarvan Institute of Medical ResearchDarlinghurstNSWAustralia,Faculty of Medicine, St. Vincent's Clinical SchoolUNSW SydneyKensingtonNSWAustralia,National Health and Medical Research Council Clinical Trials CentreUniversity of SydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Chang Xu
- Foundation Medicine, Inc.CambridgeMAUSA
| | | | | | | | - Frank Lin
- The Kinghorn Cancer CentreGarvan Institute of Medical ResearchDarlinghurstNSWAustralia,Faculty of Medicine, St. Vincent's Clinical SchoolUNSW SydneyKensingtonNSWAustralia,National Health and Medical Research Council Clinical Trials CentreUniversity of SydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Eugene Hsu
- Radiology DepartmentSt Vincent's HospitalSydneyNSWAustralia
| | | | | | | | - John Simes
- National Health and Medical Research Council Clinical Trials CentreUniversity of SydneyNSWAustralia
| | | | - David M. Thomas
- The Kinghorn Cancer CentreGarvan Institute of Medical ResearchDarlinghurstNSWAustralia,Faculty of Medicine, St. Vincent's Clinical SchoolUNSW SydneyKensingtonNSWAustralia
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18
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Kwon BS, Kim ES, Lim SY, Song MJ, Kim YW, Kim HJ, Lee YJ, Park JS, Cho YJ, Yoon HI, Lee CT, Lee JH. The significance of elevated tumor markers among patients with interstitial lung diseases. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16702. [PMID: 36202924 PMCID: PMC9537420 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20683-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical implication of using serum tumor markers in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) is inconclusive. In this retrospective study, we analyzed the data of 1176 subjects (294 with ILDs and 882 healthy controls). Eligible patients were who had at least one or more available tumor marker results [carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9, CA 125, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)] with no evidence of malignancies or other benign diseases that could be related to the increasing concentration of the values. The healthy controls selected from a health screening program were also screened for the presence of active cancer, and matched at a ratio of 1:3 with age and sex. The proportion of patients with abnormal values in the ILD group (121, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF); 173, non-IPF-ILDs) was higher than in the matched control group (CEA, 21.5% vs. 5.5%; CA 19-9, 27.9% vs. 4.0%; CA 125, 36.4% vs. 2.0%). In the multivariable analysis, higher CEA levels were associated with shorter survival after adjusting for age, sex, lung function, and ILD subtypes (hazard ratio: 2.323, 95% confidence interval: 1.271–4.248, P = 0.006). In subgroup analysis, CEA remained a prognostic factor in patients with non-IPF-ILDs, but not in those with IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoung Soo Kwon
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 13620, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Sun Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 13620, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Yoon Lim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 13620, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung Jin Song
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 13620, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeon Wook Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 13620, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung-Jun Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 13620, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeon Joo Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 13620, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Sun Park
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 13620, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Jae Cho
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 13620, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Il Yoon
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 13620, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Choon-Taek Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 13620, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Ho Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 13620, Gyeonggi-do, Korea. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Park CH, Lizarraga AD, Lee YT, Yoon KJ, Yoo TK. Increased Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) Level Is Highly Associated with Low Skeletal Muscle Mass in Asymptomatic Adults: A Population-Based Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11175009. [PMID: 36078939 PMCID: PMC9457216 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11175009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the relationship between high carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels and low skeletal muscle mass (LMM) in asymptomatic adults in a population-based study. A total of 202,602 adults (mean age 41.7 years) without malignancy, stroke, cardiovascular disease, or chronic lung/liver disease were included. A high CEA level was defined as ≥5 ng/mL. Skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) was calculated based on appendicular muscle mass (kg)/height (m)2. Participants were classified into three groups based on SMI: “normal”, “mild LMM”, and “severe LMM.” The prevalence of elevated CEA levels was the highest in subjects with severe LMM (4.2%), followed by those with mild LMM (1.6%) and normal muscle mass (1.1%) (p for trend < 0.001). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, high CEA was independently associated with having mild LMM (adjusted odds ratio, 1.139 [95% confidence interval, 1.092−1.188]) and severe LMM (2.611 [2.055−3.319]) compared to normal muscle mass. Furthermore, the association between high CEA and severe LMM was stronger in women than that in men (women, 5.373 [2.705−10.669]; men, 2.273 [1.762−2.933]). Elevated CEA levels were significantly associated with a higher prevalence of LMM. Therefore, increased CEA could be used as a biomarker for detecting LMM in adults without cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chul-Hyun Park
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03181, Korea
- Correspondence: (C.-H.P.); (T.-K.Y.); Tel.: +82-2-2001-8487 (C.-H.P.); +1-508-383-1130 (T.-K.Y.)
| | - Antonio Diaz Lizarraga
- Department of Medicine, MetroWest Medical Center, 115 Lincoln St., Framingham, MA 01702, USA
| | - Yong-Taek Lee
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03181, Korea
| | - Kyung-Jae Yoon
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03181, Korea
| | - Tae-Kyung Yoo
- Department of Medicine, MetroWest Medical Center, 115 Lincoln St., Framingham, MA 01702, USA
- Correspondence: (C.-H.P.); (T.-K.Y.); Tel.: +82-2-2001-8487 (C.-H.P.); +1-508-383-1130 (T.-K.Y.)
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Yang Y, Jiang X, Liu Y, Huang H, Xiong Y, Xiao H, Gong K, Li X, Kuang X, Yang X. Elevated tumor markers for monitoring tumor response to immunotherapy. EClinicalMedicine 2022; 46:101381. [PMID: 35434583 PMCID: PMC9011015 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the immune-related response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (irRECIST) by imaging greatly underestimated the objective response to immunotherapy, we established the response evaluation criteria in solid tumors based on tumor markers (RecistTM) to explore whether RecistTM can compensate for the deficiencies of the irRECIST criteria. METHODS This was an observational study, which consisted of two parts. The first part (Group A) was a retrospective study including the patients with malignant solid tumors. The second part (Group B) was a prospective study, which were EGFR-negative and ALK-negative patients with stage IIIB-IV non-small cell lung cancer receiving first-line treatment. From January 2017 to September 2020, one hundred and ten patients with a three-time increase in tumor markers receiving immunotherapy were recruited. The treatment response to immunotherapy was evaluated by irRECIST and RecistTM. Efficacy, overall survival (OS), first evaluation time and earliest response time under the different evaluation criteria were compared by statistics. FINDINGS The treatment response evaluated by the RecistTM criteria was not consistent with that evaluated by the irRECIST criteria (Kappa = 0.386, p < 0.001). RecistTM had a higher completed response (CR) rate compared to irRECIST criteria (20.9% vs 1.8%, p < 0.001). The earliest response time under the RecistTM criteria was 3.42 weeks earlier than that under the irRECIST criteria (u = -5.233, p < 0.001). There were significant differences in median OS between tumor marker-related complete response (tmCR) and tumor marker-related partial response (tmPR), as well as between tmPR and tumor marker-related stable disease (tmSD) (χ2 = 15.572, p < 0.001; χ2 = 7.720, p = 0.005), but not between tmSD and tumor marker-related progressive disease (tmPD) (χ2 = 1.596, p = 0.206). When applying both criteria together, for patients with immune-related CR / immune-related PR (irCR/irPR) (n = 54) under irRECIST criteria, there was a significant difference in median OS between achieving tmCR (n = 22) and tmPR (n = 32) (χ2 = 14.011, p < 0.001). RecistTM criteria can predict 1-year and 2-year OS more accurately than irRECIST criteria (AUCs:0.862 vs 0.552, 0.649 vs 0.521, respectively;both p < 0.001). In RecistTM, 4 patients had been observed with pseudoprogression in tumor markers. INTERPRETATION The RecistTM criteria could effectively distinguish CR, PR, and SD, which may help resolve the shortcomings of the RECIST criteria in evaluating the treatment response to immunotherapy, especially in assessing whether patients can achieve deep or even complete response as soon as possible. FUNDING This work was supported by the Key projects of Chongqing Health and Family Planning Commission (to Xueqin Yang, 2019ZDXM011).
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Key Words
- CR, Complete response
- Efficacy evaluation
- ICIs, Immune checkpoint inhibitors
- Immunotherapy
- NE, Not estimated
- NSCLC, Non-small cell lung cancer
- ORR, Objective response rate
- OS, Overall survival
- PD, Progressive disease
- PR, Partial response
- RECIST
- RECIST, Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors
- RecistTM, Response evaluation criteria in solid tumors based on tumor markers
- SD, Stable disease
- Tumor markers
- irCR, Immune-related complete response
- irPD, Immune-related progression disease
- irPR, Immune-related partial response
- irRECIST, Immune-related Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors
- irSD, Immune-related stable disease
- tmCR, Tumor marker-related complete response
- tmPD, Tumor marker-related progression disease
- tmPR, Tumor marker-related partial response
- tmSD, Tumor marker-related stable disease
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