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Pye D, Scholey R, Ung S, Dawson M, Shahmalak A, Purba TS. Activation of the integrated stress response in human hair follicles. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303742. [PMID: 38900734 PMCID: PMC11189182 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Unravelling how energy metabolism and stress responses are regulated in human scalp hair follicles could reveal novel insights into the controls of hair growth and provide new targets to manage hair loss disorders. The Mitochondrial Pyruvate Carrier (MPC) imports pyruvate, produced via glycolysis, into the mitochondria, fuelling the TCA cycle. Previous work has shown that MPC inhibition promotes lactate generation, which activates murine epithelial hair follicle stem cells (eHFSCs). However, by pharmacologically targeting the MPC in short-term human hair follicle ex vivo organ culture experiments using UK-5099, we induced metabolic stress-responsive proliferative arrest throughout the human hair follicle epithelium, including within Keratin 15+ eHFSCs. Through transcriptomics, MPC inhibition was shown to promote a gene expression signature indicative of disrupted FGF, IGF, TGFβ and WNT signalling, mitochondrial dysfunction, and activation of the integrated stress response (ISR), which can arrest cell cycle progression. The ISR, mediated by the transcription factor ATF4, is activated by stressors including amino acid deprivation and ER stress, consistent with MPC inhibition within our model. Using RNAScope, we confirmed the upregulation of both ATF4 and the highly upregulated ATF4-target gene ADM2 on human hair follicle tissue sections in situ. Moreover, treatment with the ISR inhibitor ISRIB attenuated both the upregulation of ADM2 and the proliferative block imposed via MPC inhibition. Together, this work reveals how the human hair follicle, as a complex and metabolically active human tissue system, can dynamically adapt to metabolic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek Pye
- Division Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, Centre for Dermatology Research, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biosciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Scholey
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Sin Ung
- Division Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, Centre for Dermatology Research, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biosciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Madoc Dawson
- Division Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, Centre for Dermatology Research, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biosciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Talveen S. Purba
- Division Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, Centre for Dermatology Research, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biosciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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2
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Lousada MB, Edelkamp J, Lachnit T, Fehrholz M, Pastar I, Jimenez F, Erdmann H, Bosch TCG, Paus R. Spatial Distribution and Functional Impact of Human Scalp Hair Follicle Microbiota. J Invest Dermatol 2024; 144:1353-1367.e15. [PMID: 38070726 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Human hair follicles (HFs) constitute a unique microbiota habitat that differs substantially from the skin surface. Traditional HF sampling methods fail to eliminate skin microbiota contaminants or assess the HF microbiota incompletely, and microbiota functions in human HF physiology remain ill explored. Therefore, we used laser-capture microdissection, metagenomic shotgun sequencing, and FISH to characterize the human scalp HF microbiota in defined anatomical compartments. This revealed significant compartment-, tissue lineage-, and donor age-dependent variations in microbiota composition. Greatest abundance variations between HF compartments were observed for viruses, archaea, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Cutibacterium acnes, and Malassezia restricta, with the latter 2 being the most abundant viable HF colonizers (as tested by propidium monoazide assay) and, surprisingly, most abundant in the HF mesenchyme. Transfection of organ-cultured human scalp HFs with S. epidermidis-specific lytic bacteriophages ex vivo downregulated transcription of genes known to regulate HF growth and development, metabolism, and melanogenesis, suggesting that selected microbial products may modulate HF functions. Indeed, HF treatment with butyrate, a metabolite of S. epidermidis and other HF microbiota, delayed catagen and promoted autophagy, mitochondrial activity, and gp100 and dermcidin expression ex vivo. Thus, human HF microbiota show spatial variations in abundance and modulate the physiology of their host, which invites therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta B Lousada
- Monasterium Laboratory, Münster, Germany; Zoological Institute, Christian Albrechts University in Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Tim Lachnit
- Zoological Institute, Christian Albrechts University in Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Irena Pastar
- Dr Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Francisco Jimenez
- Mediteknia Skin & Hair Lab, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Fernando Pessoa Canarias, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | | | - Thomas C G Bosch
- Zoological Institute, Christian Albrechts University in Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ralf Paus
- Monasterium Laboratory, Münster, Germany; Dr Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA; CUTANEON, Hamburg, Germany.
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3
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Paus R, Sevilla A, Grichnik JM. Human Hair Graying Revisited: Principles, Misconceptions, and Key Research Frontiers. J Invest Dermatol 2024; 144:474-491. [PMID: 38099887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.09.276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Hair graying holds psychosocial importance and serves as an excellent model for studying human pigmentation and aging in an accessible miniorgan. Current evidence suggests that graying results from an interindividually varying mixture of cumulative oxidative and DNA damage, excessive mTORC1 activity, melanocyte senescence, and inadequate production of pigmentation-promoting factors in the hair matrix. Various regulators modulate this process, including genetic factors (DNA repair defects and IRF4 sequence variation, peripheral clock genes, P-cadherin signaling, neuromediators, HGF, KIT ligand secretion, and autophagic flux. This leads to reduced MITF- and tyrosinase-controlled melanogenesis, defective melanosome transfer to precortical matrix keratinocytes, and eventual depletion of hair follicle (HF) pigmentary unit (HFPU) melanocytes and their local progenitors. Graying becomes irreversible only when bulge melanocyte stem cells are also depleted, occurring later in this process. Distinct pigmentary microenvironments are created as the HF cycles: early anagen is the most conducive phase for melanocytic reintegration and activation, and only during anagen can the phenotype of hair graying and repigmentation manifest, whereas the HFPU disassembles during catagen. The temporary reversibility of graying is highlighted by several drugs and hormones that induce repigmentation, indicating potential target pathways. We advise caution in directly applying mouse model concepts, define major open questions, and discuss future human antigraying strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Paus
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA; CUTANEON - Skin & Hair Innovations, Hamburg, Germany; Monasterium Laboratory, Münster, Germany.
| | - Alec Sevilla
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Lakeland Regional Health, Lakeland, Florida, USA
| | - James M Grichnik
- Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
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Thalheim T, Schneider MR. Skin single-cell transcriptomics reveals a core of sebaceous gland-relevant genes shared by mice and humans. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:137. [PMID: 38310227 PMCID: PMC10837983 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10008-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has been widely applied to dissect cellular heterogeneity in normal and diseased skin. Sebaceous glands, essential skin components with established functions in maintaining skin integrity and emerging roles in systemic energy metabolism, have been largely neglected in scRNA-seq studies. METHODS Departing from mouse and human skin scRNA-seq datasets, we identified gene sets expressed especially in sebaceous glands with the open-source R-package oposSOM. RESULTS The identified gene sets included sebaceous gland-typical genes as Scd3, Mgst1, Cidea, Awat2 and KRT7. Surprisingly, however, there was not a single overlap among the 100 highest, exclusively in sebaceous glands expressed transcripts in mouse and human samples. Notably, both species share a common core of only 25 transcripts, including mitochondrial and peroxisomal genes involved in fatty acid, amino acid, and glucose processing, thus highlighting the intense metabolic rate of this gland. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights intrinsic differences in sebaceous lipid synthesis between mice and humans, and indicates an important role for peroxisomal processes in this context. Our data also provides attractive starting points for experimentally addressing novel candidates regulating sebaceous gland homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Thalheim
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Bioinformatics (IZBI), University of Leipzig, Härtelstr. 16-18, 04107, Leipzig, Germany
- Present Address: Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gGmbH, Torgauer Str. 116, 04347, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marlon R Schneider
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 7, Leipzig, 04103, Germany.
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Rinaldi F, Trink A, Mondadori G, Giuliani G, Pinto D. The Menopausal Transition: Is the Hair Follicle "Going through Menopause"? Biomedicines 2023; 11:3041. [PMID: 38002043 PMCID: PMC10669803 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11113041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This article explores the link between menopause and changes in the hair follicle (HF) lifecycle, focusing on hormonal and metabolic dynamics. During menopause, hormonal fluctuations and aging can impact the HF, leading to phenomena such as thinning, loss of volume, and changes in hair texture. These changes are primarily attributed to a decrease in estrogen levels. However, not all women experience significant hair changes during menopause, and the extent of transformations can vary considerably from person to person, influenced by genetic factors, stress, diet, and other elements. Furthermore, menopause mirrors the aging process, affecting metabolism and blood flow to the HFs, influencing the availability of vital nutrients. The article also discusses the key role of energy metabolism in the HF lifecycle and the effect of hormones, particularly estrogens, on metabolic efficiency. The concept of a possible "menopause" clinically independent of menopause is introduced, related to changes in HF metabolism, emphasizing the importance of individual factors such as estrogen receptor responses, genetics, and last but not least, the microbiota in determining these dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Daniela Pinto
- HMAP, Human Microbiome Advanced Project, 20129 Milan, Italy; (F.R.); (A.T.); (G.M.); (G.G.)
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Edelkamp J, Lousada MB, Pinto D, Chéret J, Calabrese FM, Jiménez F, Erdmann H, Wessel J, Phillip B, Angelis MD, Rinaldi F, Bertolini M, Paus R. Management of the human hair follicle microbiome by a synthetic odorant. J Dermatol Sci 2023; 112:99-108. [PMID: 37858476 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2023.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human scalp hair follicles (HFs) engage in olfactory receptor (OR)-dependent chemosensation. Activation of olfactory receptor family 2 subfamily AT member 4 (OR2AT4) by the synthetic, sandalwood-like odorant Sandalore® up-regulated HF antimicrobial peptide expression of dermcidin (DCD), which had previously been thought to be produced exclusively by sweat and sebaceous glands. OBJECTIVES To understand if intrafollicular DCD production can be stimulated by a commonly used cosmetic odorant, thus altering human HF microbiome composition in a clinically beneficial manner. METHODS DCD expression was compared between fresh-frozen scalp biopsies and microdissected, full-length scalp HFs, organ-cultured in the presence/absence of the OR2AT4 agonist, Sandalore® and/or antibiotics and/or the competitive OR2AT4 antagonist, Phenirat®. Amplicon-based sequencing and microbial growth assays were performed to assess how this treatment affected the HF microbiome. RESULTS Synthetic odorant treatment upregulated epithelial DCD expression and exerted antimicrobial activity in human HFs ex vivo. Combined antibiotic and odorant treatment, during an ex vivo dysbiosis event, prevented HF tissue damage and favoured a more physiological microbiome composition. Sandalore®-conditioned medium, containing higher DCD content, favoured Staphylococcus epidermidis and Malassezia restricta over S. aureus and M. globosa, while exhibiting antimicrobial activity against Cutibacterium acnes. These effects were reversed by co-administration of Phenirat®. CONCLUSIONS We provide the first proof-of-principle that a cosmetic odorant impacts the human HF microbiome by up-regulating antimicrobial peptide production in an olfactory receptor-dependent manner. Specifically, a synthetic sandalwood-like odorant stimulates intrafollicular DCD production, likely via OR2AT4, and thereby controls microbial overgrowth. Thus, deserving further exploration as an adjuvant therapeutic principle in the management of folliculitis and dysbiosis-associated hair diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janin Edelkamp
- Monasterium Laboratory Skin and Hair Research Solutions GmbH, Münster, Germany.
| | - Marta B Lousada
- Monasterium Laboratory Skin and Hair Research Solutions GmbH, Münster, Germany; Zoological Institute, Christian-Albrechts, University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Jérémy Chéret
- Dr Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Francisco Jiménez
- Mediteknia, Skin & Hair Lab, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; University Fernando Pessoa Canarias, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | | | - Julia Wessel
- Institute of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology (IMMB), University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Bodo Phillip
- Institute of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology (IMMB), University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Maria De Angelis
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Marta Bertolini
- Monasterium Laboratory Skin and Hair Research Solutions GmbH, Münster, Germany
| | - Ralf Paus
- Monasterium Laboratory Skin and Hair Research Solutions GmbH, Münster, Germany; Mediteknia, Skin & Hair Lab, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; CUTANEON Skin & Hair Innovations, Hamburg, Germany
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7
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Agamia NF, Sorror OA, Sayed NM, Ghazala RA, Echy SM, Moussa DH, Melnik BC. Overexpression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in hidradenitis suppurativa: the link between deviated immunity and metabolism. Arch Dermatol Res 2023; 315:2107-2118. [PMID: 36961533 PMCID: PMC10366312 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-023-02594-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is the master transcription factor of glycolysis, Th17 cell differentiation and suppression of regulatory T cells. In the skin and serum of patients with psoriasis vulgaris, increased expression of HIF-1α has been reported, whereas HIF-1α expression in the skin and serum of patients with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) has not yet been studied. The objective of the study is to demonstrate is there a role for HIF-1α in the pathogenesis of hidradenitis suppurativa, and its relation to HS severity. Twenty patients suffering from hidradenitis suppurativa were included in the study. Punch biopsies were taken from lesional skin for the determination of HIF-1α expression by immunohistochemical staining, and HIF-1α gene expression by quantitative reverse transcription real time PCR. Quantification of HIF-1α protein concentration was done by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Twenty socio-demographically cross-matched healthy volunteers served as controls. We found increased serum levels of HIF-1α. Literature-derived evidence indicates that the major clinical triggering factors of HS, obesity, and smoking are associated with hypoxia and enhanced HIF-1α expression. Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-[Formula: see text] via upregulation of nuclear factor [Formula: see text]B enhance HIF-1α expression. HIF-1α plays an important role for keratinocyte proliferation, especially for keratinocytes of the anagen hair follicle, which requires abundant glycolysis providing sufficient precursors molecules for biosynthetic pathways. Metformin via inhibition of mTORC1 as well as adalimumab attenuate HIF-1α expression, the key mediator between Th17-driven deviated immunity and keratinocyte hyperproliferation. In accordance with psoriasis, our study identifies HS as an HIF-1α-driven inflammatory skin disease and offers a new rationale for the prevention and treatment of HS by targeting HIF-1[Formula: see text] overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naglaa Fathi Agamia
- Department of Dermatology, Andrology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Osama Ahmed Sorror
- Department of Dermatology, Andrology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Naglaa Mohamed Sayed
- Department of Dermatology, Andrology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Rasha Abdelmawla Ghazala
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sammar Mohamed Echy
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Doaa Helmy Moussa
- Department of Dermatology, Andrology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Bodo Clemens Melnik
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
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Jung J, Gokhale S, Xie P. TRAF3: A novel regulator of mitochondrial physiology and metabolic pathways in B lymphocytes. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1081253. [PMID: 36776285 PMCID: PMC9911533 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1081253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria, the organelle critical for cell survival and metabolism, are exploited by cancer cells and provide an important therapeutic target in cancers. Mitochondria dynamically undergo fission and fusion to maintain their diverse functions. Proteins controlling mitochondrial fission and fusion have been recognized as essential regulators of mitochondrial functions, mitochondrial quality control, and cell survival. In a recent proteomic study, we identified the key mitochondrial fission factor, MFF, as a new interacting protein of TRAF3, a known tumor suppressor of multiple myeloma and other B cell malignancies. This interaction recruits the majority of cytoplasmic TRAF3 to mitochondria, allowing TRAF3 to regulate mitochondrial morphology, mitochondrial functions, and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in resting B lymphocytes. Interestingly, recent transcriptomic, metabolic and lipidomic studies have revealed that TRAF3 also vitally regulates multiple metabolic pathways in B cells, including phospholipid metabolism, glucose metabolism, and ribonucleotide metabolism. Thus, TRAF3 emerges as a novel regulator of mitochondrial physiology and metabolic pathways in B lymphocytes and B cell malignancies. Here we review current knowledge in this area and discuss relevant clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeyong Jung
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States.,Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Samantha Gokhale
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States.,Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Ping Xie
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States.,Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
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Piccini I, Sousa M, Altendorf S, Jimenez F, Rossi A, Funk W, Bíró T, Paus R, Seibel J, Jakobs M, Yesilkaya T, Edelkamp J, Bertolini M. Intermediate Hair Follicles from Patients with Female Pattern Hair Loss Are Associated with Nutrient Insufficiency and a Quiescent Metabolic Phenotype. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14163357. [PMID: 36014862 PMCID: PMC9416027 DOI: 10.3390/nu14163357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Female pattern hair loss (FPHL) is a non-scarring alopecia resulting from the progressive conversion of the terminal (t) scalp hair follicles (HFs) into intermediate/miniaturized (i/m) HFs. Although data supporting nutrient deficiency in FPHL HFs are lacking, therapeutic strategies are often associated with nutritional supplementation. Here, we show by metabolic analysis that selected nutrients important for hair growth such as essential amino acids and vitamins are indeed decreased in affected iHFs compared to tHFs in FPHL scalp skin, confirming nutrient insufficiency. iHFs also displayed a more quiescent metabolic phenotype, as indicated by altered metabolite abundance in freshly collected HFs and release/consumption during organ culture of products/substrates of TCA cycle, aerobic glycolysis, and glutaminolysis. Yet, as assessed by exogenous nutrient supplementation ex vivo, nutrient uptake mechanisms are not impaired in affected FPHL iHFs. Moreover, blood vessel density is not diminished in iHFs versus tHFs, despite differences in tHFs from different FPHL scalp locations or versus healthy scalp or changes in the expression of angiogenesis-associated growth factors. Thus, our data reveal that affected iHFs in FPHL display a relative nutrient insufficiency and dormant metabolism, but are still capable of absorbing nutrients, supporting the potential of nutritional supplementation as an adjunct therapy for FPHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Piccini
- Monasterium Laboratory Skin & Hair Research Solutions GmbH, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Marta Sousa
- Monasterium Laboratory Skin & Hair Research Solutions GmbH, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Sabrina Altendorf
- Monasterium Laboratory Skin & Hair Research Solutions GmbH, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Francisco Jimenez
- Mediteknia Hair Transplant Clinic and Hair Lab, Universidad Fernando Pessoa Canarias, Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, 35450 Guía, Spain
| | - Alfredo Rossi
- Department of Clinical Internal Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Tamás Bíró
- Monasterium Laboratory Skin & Hair Research Solutions GmbH, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ralf Paus
- Monasterium Laboratory Skin & Hair Research Solutions GmbH, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | | | | | | | - Janin Edelkamp
- Monasterium Laboratory Skin & Hair Research Solutions GmbH, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Marta Bertolini
- Monasterium Laboratory Skin & Hair Research Solutions GmbH, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)251-93263-080
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10
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Pinto D, Calabrese FM, De Angelis M, Celano G, Giuliani G, Rinaldi F. Lichen Planopilaris: The first biopsy layer microbiota inspection. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269933. [PMID: 35849580 PMCID: PMC9292073 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lichen Planopilaris (LPP) is a lymphatic disease affecting the scalp that is characterized by a chronic and destructive inflammation process, named as ‘cicatricial alopecia’ in which the hair follicles are targeted and may involve predominantly lymphocytes or neutrophils. Scalp and biopsy layers have never been used to investigate microbial community composition and its relative taxa abundances in LPP. We sought to examine the significant taxa of this chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disease, together with inspect the existing connections with metabolic pathways featuring this microbial community. We used a multilevel analysis based on 16S rRNA marker sequencing in order to detect OTU abundances in pathologic/healthy samples, real time PCR for measuring the levels of IL-23 interleukin expression and urinary metabolomics to find out volatile organic metabolites (VOMs). By using a linear regression model, we described peculiar taxa that significantly differentiated LPP and healthy samples. We inspected taxa abundances and interleukin mRNA levels and the Microbacteriaceae family resulted negatively correlated with the IL-23 expression. Moreover, starting from 16S taxa abundances, we predicted the metabolic pathways featuring this microbial community. By inspecting microbial composition, sample richness, metabolomics profiles and the relative metabolic pathways in a cohort of LPP and healthy samples we deepened the contribution of significant taxa that are connected to inflammation maintenance and microbiota plasticity in LPP pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Pinto
- Human Advanced Microbiome Project-HMAP, Milan, Italy
- * E-mail: (DP); (FMC)
| | - Francesco Maria Calabrese
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, “Aldo Moro” University, Bari, Bari, Italy
- * E-mail: (DP); (FMC)
| | - Maria De Angelis
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, “Aldo Moro” University, Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Celano
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, “Aldo Moro” University, Bari, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Rinaldi
- Human Advanced Microbiome Project-HMAP, Milan, Italy
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11
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Wikramanayake TC, Chéret J, Sevilla A, Birch-Machin M, Paus R. Targeting mitochondria in dermatological therapy: Beyond oxidative damage and skin aging. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:233-259. [PMID: 35249436 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2049756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The analysis of the role of the mitochondria in oxidative damage and skin aging is a significant aspect of dermatological research. Mitochondria generate most reactive oxygen species (ROS); however, excessive ROS are cytotoxic and DNA-damaging and promote (photo-)aging. ROS also possesses key physiological and regulatory functions and mitochondrial dysfunction is prominent in several skin diseases including skin cancers. Although many standard dermatotherapeutics modulate mitochondrial function, dermatological therapy rarely targets the mitochondria. Accordingly, there is a rationale for "mitochondrial dermatology"-based approaches to be applied to therapeutic research. AREAS COVERED This paper examines the functions of mitochondria in cutaneous physiology beyond energy (ATP) and ROS production. Keratinocyte differentiation and epidermal barrier maintenance, appendage morphogenesis and homeostasis, photoaging and skin cancer are considered. Based on related PubMed search results, the paper evaluates thyroid hormones, glucocorticoids, Vitamin D3 derivatives, retinoids, cannabinoid receptor agonists, PPARγ agonists, thyrotropin, and thyrotropin-releasing hormone as instructive lead compounds. Moreover, the mitochondrial protein MPZL3 as a promising new drug target for future "mitochondrial dermatology" is highlighted. EXPERT OPINION Future dermatological therapeutic research should have a mitochondrial medicine emphasis. Focusing on selected lead agents, protein targets, in silico drug design, and model diseases will fertilize a mito-centric approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongyu C Wikramanayake
- Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, U.S.A.,Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, U.S.A
| | - Jérémy Chéret
- Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, U.S.A
| | - Alec Sevilla
- Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, U.S.A
| | - Mark Birch-Machin
- Dermatological Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, and The UK National Innovation Centre for Ageing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ralf Paus
- Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, U.S.A.,Monasterium Laboratory, Münster, Germany.,Centre for Dermatology Research, University of Manchester, and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester, UK
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