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Houshyar M, Karimi H, Ghofrani-Jahromi Z, Nouri S, Vaseghi S. Crocin (bioactive compound of Crocus sativus L.) potently restores REM sleep deprivation-induced manic- and obsessive-compulsive-like behaviors in female rats. Behav Pharmacol 2024; 35:239-252. [PMID: 38567447 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Rapid-eye movement (REM) sleep deprivation (SD) can induce manic-like behaviors including hyperlocomotion. On the other hand, crocin (one of the main compounds of Crocus sativus L. or Saffron) may be beneficial in the improvement of mental and cognitive dysfunctions. Also, crocin can restore the deleterious effects of SD on mental and cognitive processes. In this study, we investigated the effect of REM SD on female rats' behaviors including depression- and anxiety-like behaviors, locomotion, pain perception, and obsessive-compulsive-like behavior, and also, the potential effect of crocin on REM SD effects. We used female rats because evidence on the role of REM SD in modulating psychological and behavioral functions of female (but not male) rats is limited. REM SD was induced for 14 days (6h/day), and crocin (25, 50, and 75 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally. Open field test, forced swim test, hot plate test, and marble burying test were used to assess rats' behaviors. The results showed REM SD-induced manic-like behavior (hyperlocomotion). Also, REM SD rats showed decreased anxiety- and depression-like behavior, pain subthreshold (the duration it takes for the rat to feel pain), and showed obsessive compulsive-like behavior. However, crocin at all doses partially or fully reversed REM SD-induced behavioral changes. In conclusion, our results suggested the possible comorbidity of OCD and REM SD-induced manic-like behavior in female rats or the potential role of REM SD in the etiology of OCD, although more studies are needed. In contrast, crocin can be a possible therapeutic choice for decreasing manic-like behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Houshyar
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr
| | - Hanie Karimi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran
| | - Zahra Ghofrani-Jahromi
- Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR
| | - Sarah Nouri
- Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR
| | - Salar Vaseghi
- Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
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Su W, Wang Y, Shao S, Ye X. Crocin ameliorates neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment in mice with Alzheimer's disease by activating PI3K/AKT pathway. Brain Behav 2024; 14:e3503. [PMID: 38775292 PMCID: PMC11110482 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Crocin has a good prospect in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the mechanisms underlying its neuroprotective effects remain elusive. This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of Crocin and its underlying mechanisms in AD. METHODS AD mice were set up by injecting Aβ25-35 solution into the hippocampus. Then, the AD mice were injected intraperitoneally with 40 mg/kg/day of Crocin for 14 days. Following the completion of Crocin treatment, an open-field test, Y-maze test and Morris water maze test were conducted to evaluate the impact of Crocin on spatial learning and memory deficiency in mice. The effects of Crocin on hippocampal neuron injury, proinflammatory cytokine expressions (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α), and PI3K/AKT signaling-related protein expressions were measured using hematoxylin and eosin staining, Western blot, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) experiments, respectively. RESULTS Crocin attenuated Aβ25-35-induced spatial learning and memory deficiency and hippocampal neuron injury. Furthermore, the Western blot and qRT-PCR results showed that Crocin effectively suppressed inflammation and activated the PI3K/AKT pathway in Aβ25-35-induced mice. CONCLUSION Crocin restrained neuroinflammation via the activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway, thereby ameliorating the cognitive dysfunction of AD mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Su
- Department of Internal MedicineCiXi Seventh People's HospitalNingboZhejiangChina
| | - Yanbo Wang
- Department of NeurologyThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Sen Shao
- Department of NeurologyThe Xixi Hospital of Hangzhou Affiliated to Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Xiaojun Ye
- Department of NeurologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
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Yu Z, Ding R, Yan Q, Cheng M, Li T, Zheng F, Zhu L, Wang Y, Tang T, Hu E. A Novel Network Pharmacology Strategy Based on the Universal Effectiveness-Common Mechanism of Medical Herbs Uncovers Therapeutic Targets in Traumatic Brain Injury. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:1175-1188. [PMID: 38645986 PMCID: PMC11032138 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s450895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Many herbs can promote neurological recovery following traumatic brain injury (TBI). There must lie a shared mechanism behind the common effectiveness. We aimed to explore the key therapeutic targets for TBI based on the common effectiveness of the medicinal plants. Material and methods The TBI-effective herbs were retrieved from the literature as imputes of network pharmacology. Then, the active ingredients in at least two herbs were screened out as common components. The hub targets of all active compounds were identified through Cytohubba. Next, AutoDock vina was used to rank the common compound-hub target interactions by molecular docking. A highly scored compound-target pair was selected for in vivo validation. Results We enrolled sixteen TBI-effective medicinal herbs and screened out twenty-one common compounds, such as luteolin. Ten hub targets were recognized according to the topology of the protein-protein interaction network of targets, including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Molecular docking analysis suggested that luteolin could bind strongly to the active pocket of EGFR. Administration of luteolin or the selective EGFR inhibitor AZD3759 to TBI mice promoted the recovery of body weight and neurological function, reduced astrocyte activation and EGFR expression, decreased chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans deposition, and upregulated GAP43 levels in the cortex. The effects were similar to those when treated with the selective EGFR inhibitor. Conclusion The common effectiveness-based, common target screening strategy suggests that inhibition of EGFR can be an effective therapy for TBI. This strategy can be applied to discover core targets and therapeutic compounds in other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Yu
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- NATCM Key Laboratory of TCM Gan, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruoqi Ding
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- NATCM Key Laboratory of TCM Gan, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiuju Yan
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- NATCM Key Laboratory of TCM Gan, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
| | - Menghan Cheng
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- NATCM Key Laboratory of TCM Gan, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
| | - Teng Li
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- NATCM Key Laboratory of TCM Gan, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Zheng
- The College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- NATCM Key Laboratory of TCM Gan, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Wang
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- NATCM Key Laboratory of TCM Gan, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Tang
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- NATCM Key Laboratory of TCM Gan, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, People’s Republic of China
| | - En Hu
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- NATCM Key Laboratory of TCM Gan, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, People’s Republic of China
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Xiao L, Sun R, Han Y, Xia L, Lin K, Fu W, Zhong K, Ye Y. NAMPT‑NAD + is involved in the senescence‑delaying effects of saffron in aging mice. Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:123. [PMID: 38410190 PMCID: PMC10895469 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
As the proportion of the elderly population grows rapidly, the senescence-delaying effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine is being investigated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the senescence-delaying effects of saffron in naturally aging mice. The active ingredients in an aqueous saffron extract were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Mice were divided into saffron (8- and 16-months-old) and control groups (3-, 8-, and 16-months-old), and saffron extract was administered to the former groups for 8 weeks. The open field test and Barnes maze test were used to evaluate the locomotor activity, learning and memory function of the mice. The levels of inflammatory factors in the brain were determined by ELISA. In addition, the activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and superoxide dismutase, and the contents of malondialdehyde and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) were detected by enzyme immunoassay, and the content of NAMPT was detected by ELISA, western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. The cellular distribution of NAMPT and synaptic density were evaluated by immunofluorescence, and the pathological morphologies of the liver, skin, kidneys were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. HPLC revealed that the crocin and picrocrocin contents of the saffron extract were 19.56±0.14 and 12.00±0.13%, respectively. Saffron exhibited the potential to improve the learning and memory function in aging mice as it increased synaptic density and decreased AChE activity. Also, saffron ameliorated the pathological changes associated with organ aging, manifested by increasing the number of hepatocytes and the thickness of the skin, and preventing the aging-induced ballooning and bleeding in the kidneys. Furthermore, saffron increased the contents of NAMPT and NAD+ in the brain and decreased the content of NAMPT in the serum. In addition, it changed the cellular distribution of NAMPT in aging mice, manifested as reduced NAMPT expression in microglia and astrocytes, and increased NAMPT expression in neurons. Saffron also decreased the contents of proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress factors in aging mice. Altogether, these findings indicate that saffron exerts senescence-delaying effects in naturally aging mice, which may be associated with the NAMPT-NAD+ pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Xiao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, P.R. China
| | - Runxuan Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, P.R. China
| | - Yubin Han
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, P.R. China
| | - Linhan Xia
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, P.R. China
| | - Kexin Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, P.R. China
| | - Wanyan Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, P.R. China
| | - Kai Zhong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, P.R. China
| | - Yilu Ye
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, P.R. China
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Hamedani SG, Pourmasoumi M, Zarifi SH, Askari G, Jamialahmadi T, Bagherniya M, Sahebkar A. Therapeutic effects of saffron and its components on neurodegenerative diseases. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24334. [PMID: 38298664 PMCID: PMC10827773 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to an increase in the number of older people in recent years, neurodegenerative diseases as the most important age-related neurological disorders are considered as a great threat to human health. The treatment strategies for these disorders are symptomatic and there is no known definitive treatment; however, recently, several studies have investigated the effectiveness of some herbs and their components in limiting the progression and treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. In this study, we searched Medline (via PubMed), Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases. The keywords used in the search were: saffron [title/abstract] or (saffron compound [title/abstract]) and (neurological disorders [title/abstract]), publication date range (2010-2023), and language (English). After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 30 articles remained. Of the 30 articles included in the study, six studies on the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders by saffron and its components were in the clinical trial phase, and 24 studies were in the preclinical phase. Saffron and its compounds can play an important role in inhibiting neuroinflammation and excitotoxic pathways, modulating autophagy and apoptosis, attenuating oxidative damage, and activating defensive antioxidant enzymes, resulting in neuroprotection against neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to review the studies on the effects of saffron and its compounds on the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Golpour- Hamedani
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of medical science, Iran
| | - Makan Pourmasoumi
- Gastrointestinal & Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - Gholamreza Askari
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Anesthesia and Critical Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bagherniya
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Anesthesia and Critical Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Mavroudis I, Ciobica A, Balmus IM, Burlui V, Romila L, Iordache A. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Inflammatory Biomarkers in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. Biomedicines 2024; 12:293. [PMID: 38397895 PMCID: PMC10887204 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) accounts for most TBI cases, the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite its high incidence, mTBI pathophysiology remains largely unknown. Recent studies have shown that the inflammatory response is activated early after mTBI and can persist for several weeks or months. However, limited evidence on the utility of inflammatory biomarkers as predictors of clinical outcomes in mTBI has been previously provided. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis aims to provide an overview of the current knowledge on the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of mTBI and the potential of some inflammatory biomolecules as biomarkers of mTBI. In this regard, eight studies comprising 1184 individuals were selected. Thus, it was shown that the increase in IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β plasma levels could be implicated in the development of early post-concussion symptoms. On the other hand, the persistence of the increased plasmatic concentrations of IL-10 and IL-8 for as long as six months following the brain injury event could suggest chronic inflammation leading to neuroinflammation and late or persistent symptoms. In this context, our findings showed that inflammatory biomarkers could be relevant in diagnosing or predicting recovery or long-term outcomes of mTBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Mavroudis
- Department of Neurology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, NHS Trust, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Alin Ciobica
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ioana Miruna Balmus
- Department of Exact Sciences and Natural Sciences, Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iași, 700057 Iasi, Romania
| | - Vasile Burlui
- Preclinical Department, Apollonia University, Păcurari Street 11, 700511 Iasi, Romania
| | - Laura Romila
- Preclinical Department, Apollonia University, Păcurari Street 11, 700511 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alin Iordache
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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Khoshnan A. Gut Microbiota as a Modifier of Huntington's Disease Pathogenesis. J Huntingtons Dis 2024; 13:133-147. [PMID: 38728199 PMCID: PMC11307070 DOI: 10.3233/jhd-240012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Huntingtin (HTT) protein is expressed in most cell lineages, and the toxicity of mutant HTT in multiple organs may contribute to the neurological and psychiatric symptoms observed in Huntington's disease (HD). The proteostasis and neurotoxicity of mutant HTT are influenced by the intracellular milieu and responses to environmental signals. Recent research has highlighted a prominent role of gut microbiota in brain and immune system development, aging, and the progression of neurological disorders. Several studies suggest that mutant HTT might disrupt the homeostasis of gut microbiota (known as dysbiosis) and impact the pathogenesis of HD. Dysbiosis has been observed in HD patients, and in animal models of the disease it coincides with mutant HTT aggregation, abnormal behaviors, and reduced lifespan. This review article aims to highlight the potential toxicity of mutant HTT in organs and pathways within the microbiota-gut-immune-central nervous system (CNS) axis. Understanding the functions of Wild-Type (WT) HTT and the toxicity of mutant HTT in these organs and the associated networks may elucidate novel pathogenic pathways, identify biomarkers and peripheral therapeutic targets for HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Khoshnan
- Keck School of Medicine, Physiology and Neuroscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Phukan BC, Roy R, Gahatraj I, Bhattacharya P, Borah A. Therapeutic considerations of bioactive compounds in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease: Dissecting the molecular pathways. Phytother Res 2023; 37:5657-5699. [PMID: 37823581 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Leading neurodegenerative diseases Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are characterized by the impairment of memory and motor functions, respectively. Despite several breakthroughs, there exists a lack of disease-modifying treatment strategies for these diseases, as the available drugs provide symptomatic relief and bring along side effects. Bioactive compounds are reported to bear neuroprotective properties with minimal toxicity, however, a detailed elucidation of their modes of neuroprotection is lacking. The review elucidates the neuroprotective mechanism(s) of some of the major phyto-compounds in pre-clinical and clinical studies of AD and PD to understand their potential in combating these diseases. Curcumin, eugenol, resveratrol, baicalein, sesamol and so on have proved efficient in countering the pathological hallmarks of AD and PD. Curcumin, resveratrol, caffeine and so on have reached the clinical phases of these diseases, while aromadendrin, delphinidin, cyanidin and xanthohumol are yet to be extensively explored in pre-clinical phases. The review highlights the need for extensive investigation of these compounds in the clinical stages of these diseases so as to utilize their disease-modifying abilities in the real field of treatment. Moreover, poor pharmacokinetic properties of natural compounds are constraints to their therapeutic yields and this review suggests a plausible contribution of nanotechnology in overcoming these limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rubina Roy
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India
| | - Indira Gahatraj
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India
| | - Pallab Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Anupom Borah
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India
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Monchaux de Oliveira C, Morael J, Guille A, Amadieu C, Vancassel S, Gaudout D, Capuron L, Pourtau L, Castanon N. Saffron extract interferes with lipopolysaccharide-induced brain activation of the kynurenine pathway and impairment of monoamine neurotransmission in mice. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1267839. [PMID: 37867499 PMCID: PMC10585275 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1267839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although activation of inflammatory processes is essential to fight infections, its prolonged impact on brain function is well known to contribute to the pathophysiology of many medical conditions, including neuropsychiatric disorders. Therefore, identifying novel strategies to selectively counter the harmful effects of neuroinflammation appears as a major health concern. In that context, this study aimed to test the relevance of a nutritional intervention with saffron, a spice known for centuries for its beneficial effect on health. Methods For this purpose, the impact of an acute oral administration of a standardized saffron extract, which was previously shown to display neuromodulatory properties and reduce depressive-like behavior, was measured in mice challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 830 μg/kg, ip). Results Pretreatment with saffron extract (6.5 mg/kg, per os) did not reduce LPS-induced sickness behavior, preserving therefore this adaptive behavioral response essential for host defense. However, it interfered with delayed changes of expression of cytokines, chemokines and markers of microglial activation measured 24 h post-LPS treatment in key brain areas for behavior and mood control (frontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum). Importantly, this pretreatment also counteracted by that time the impact of LPS on several neurobiological processes contributing to inflammation-induced emotional alterations, in particular the activation of the kynurenine pathway, assessed through the expression of its main enzymes, as well as concomitant impairment of serotonergic and dopaminergic neurotransmission. Conclusion Altogether, this study provides important clues on how saffron extract interferes with brain function in conditions of immune stimulation and supports the relevance of saffron-based nutritional interventions to improve the management of inflammation-related comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Monchaux de Oliveira
- INRAE, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux IPB, Bordeaux, France
- Activ’Inside, Beychac-et-Caillau, France
| | - Jennifer Morael
- INRAE, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux IPB, Bordeaux, France
| | - Alexandrine Guille
- INRAE, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux IPB, Bordeaux, France
| | - Camille Amadieu
- INRAE, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux IPB, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sylvie Vancassel
- INRAE, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux IPB, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Lucile Capuron
- INRAE, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux IPB, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Nathalie Castanon
- INRAE, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux IPB, Bordeaux, France
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Vafaeipour Z, Ghasemzadeh Rahbardar M, Hosseinzadeh H. Effect of saffron, black seed, and their main constituents on inflammatory cytokine response (mainly TNF-α) and oxidative stress status: an aspect on pharmacological insights. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:2241-2259. [PMID: 37103518 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02501-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), an inflammatory cytokine, is produced by monocytes and macrophages. It is known as a 'double-edged sword' because it is responsible for advantageous and disadvantageous events in the body system. The unfavorable incident includes inflammation, which induces some diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, obesity, cancer, and diabetes. Many medicinal plants have been found to prevent inflammation, such as saffron (Crocus sativus L.) and black seed (Nigella sativa). Therefore, the purpose of this review was to assess the pharmacological effects of saffron and black seed on TNF-α and diseases related to its imbalance. Different databases without time limitations were investigated up to 2022, including PubMed, Scopus, Medline, and Web of Science. All the original articles (in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies) were collected on the effects of black seed and saffron on TNF-α. Black seed and saffron have therapeutic effects against many disorders, such as hepatotoxicity, cancer, ischemia, and non-alcoholic fatty liver, by decreasing TNF-α levels based on their anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antioxidant properties. Saffron and black seed can treat a variety of diseases by suppressing TNF-α and exhibiting a variety of activities such as neuroprotective, gastroprotective, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, analgesic, antitussive, bronchodilator, antidiabetic activity, anticancer, and antioxidant effects. To uncover the beneficial underlying mechanisms of black seed and saffron, more clinical trials and phytochemical research are required. Also, these two plants affect other inflammatory cytokines, hormones, and enzymes, implying that they could be used to treat a variety of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Vafaeipour
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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11
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Anaeigoudari F, Anaeigoudari A, Kheirkhah‐Vakilabad A. A review of therapeutic impacts of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) and its constituents. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15785. [PMID: 37537722 PMCID: PMC10400758 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Application of herbal medicines in the treatment of diseases is in the center of attention of medical scientific societies. Saffron (Cricus sativus L.) is a medicinal plant belonging to the Iridaceae family with different therapeutic properties. The outcomes of human and animal experiments indicate that therapeutic impacts of saffron and its constituents, crocin, crocetin, and safranal, mainly are mediated via inhibiting the inflammatory reactions and scavenging free radicals. It has been suggested that saffron and crocin extracted from it also up-regulate the expression of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), down-regulate nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway and untimely improve the body organs dysfunction. Inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) also is attributed to crocin. The current review narrates the therapeutic effects of saffron and its constituents on various body systems through looking for the scientific databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar from the beginning of 2010 until the end of 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Anaeigoudari
- Student Research Committee, Afzalipour Faculty of MedicineKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | - Akbar Anaeigoudari
- Department of Physiology, School of MedicineJiroft University of Medical SciencesJiroftIran
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12
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Zhu B, Ou Y, Guo X, Liu W, Wu L. Poor nutritional status is associated with incomplete functional recovery in elderly patients with mild traumatic brain injury. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1131085. [PMID: 37082444 PMCID: PMC10110901 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1131085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) is a simple index for evaluating the nutrition status of elderly patients. Many investigations have demonstrated that this index is associated with the prognosis of several diseases. This study aims to identify the relationship between the GNRI and recovery in elderly mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) patients.MethodsA total of 228 mTBI patients older than 65 years were included in this study. mTBI was defined as an injury to the brain with a loss of consciousness of 30 min or less, a duration of posttraumatic amnesia of <24 h, and an admission Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 13–15. The Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended (GOSE), an outcome scale assessing functional independence, work, social activities, and personal relationships, was applied to assess the recovery of the patients. The clinical outcome was divided into complete recovery (GOSE = 8) and incomplete recovery (GOSE ≤ 7) at 6 months after the injury. Multivariate logistic regression was applied to evaluate the association between the GNRI and recovery of elderly mTBI patients, with adjustment for age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, and other important factors.ResultsThe receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis demonstrated that the cutoff value of GNRI was 97.85, and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.860. Compared to the patients with a high GNRI, the patients with a low GNRI were older, had a higher prevalence of anemia, acute subdural hematoma, and subarachnoid hemorrhage, had a higher age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index value, and had lower levels of albumin, lymphocytes, and hemoglobin. Multivariable analysis showed that high GNRI was associated with a lower risk of 6-month incomplete recovery (OR, 0.770, 95% CI: 0.709–0.837, p < 0.001).ConclusionThe GNRI has utility as part of the objective risk assessment of incomplete 6-month functional recovery in elderly patients with mTBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingcheng Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yunwei Ou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xufei Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Weiming Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
- Neurological Center, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
- *Correspondence: Weiming Liu
| | - Liang Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Liang Wu
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13
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Wei C, Wang J, Yu J, Tang Q, Liu X, Zhang Y, Cui D, Zhu Y, Mei Y, Wang Y, Wang W. Therapy of traumatic brain injury by modern agents and traditional Chinese medicine. Chin Med 2023; 18:25. [PMID: 36906602 PMCID: PMC10008617 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00731-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of disability and death, and the social burden of mortality and morbidity caused by TBI is significant. Under the influence of comprehensive factors, such as social environment, lifestyle, and employment type, the incidence of TBI continues to increase annually. Current pharmacotherapy of TBI mainly focuses on symptomatic supportive treatment, aiming to reduce intracranial pressure, ease pain, alleviate irritability, and fight infection. In this study, we summarized numerous studies covering the use of neuroprotective agents in different animal models and clinical trials after TBI. However, we found that no drug has been approved as specifically effective for the treatment of TBI. Effective therapeutic strategies for TBI remain an urgent need, and attention is turning toward traditional Chinese medicine. We analyzed the reasons why existing high-profile drugs had failed to show clinical benefits and offered our views on the research of traditional herbal medicine for treating TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunzhu Wei
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingbo Wang
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jintao Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Tang
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinjie Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanlong Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dandan Cui
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanqiong Zhu
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanli Mei
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanjun Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Wenzhu Wang
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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14
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Neuroprotective effect of tangeretin against chromium-induced acute brain injury in rats: targeting Nrf2 signaling pathway, inflammatory mediators, and apoptosis. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:1465-1480. [PMID: 36884189 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01167-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Potassium dichromate (PD) is an environmental xenobiotic commonly recognized as teratogenic, carcinogenic, and mutagenic in animals and humans. The present study was conducted to investigate the role of tangeretin (TNG) as a neuro-protective drug against PD-induced brain injury in rats. Thirty-two male adult Wistar rats were blindly divided into four groups (8 rats/group). The first group received saline intranasally (i.n.). The second group received a single dose of PD (2 mg/kg, i.n.). The third group received TNG (50 mg/kg; orally), for 14 days followed by i.n. of PD on the last day of the experiment. The fourth group received TNG (100 mg/kg; orally) for 14 days followed by i.n. of PD on the last day of the experiment. Behavioral indices were evaluated 18 h after PD administration. Neuro-biochemical indices and histopathological studies were evaluated 24 h after PD administration. Results of the present study revealed that rats intoxicated with PD induced- oxidative stress and inflammation via an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) and a decrease in nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway and glutathione(GSH) levels with an increase in brain contents of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-6). Pre-treatment with TNG (100 mg/kg; orally) ameliorated behavior, cholinergic activities, and oxidative stress and decreased the elevated levels of pro-inflammatory mediators; TNF-α and IL-6 with a decrease in brain content of chromium residues detected by Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometer. Also, the histopathological picture of the brain was improved significantly in rats that received TNG (100 mg/kg). Additionally, TNG decreased caspase-3 expression in the brain of PD rats. In conclusion, TNG possesses a significant neuroprotective role against PD-induced acute brain injury via modulating the Nrf2 signaling pathway and quenching the release of inflammatory mediators and apoptosis in rats.
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15
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Annexin A5 ameliorates traumatic brain injury-induced neuroinflammation and neuronal ferroptosis by modulating the NF-ĸB/HMGB1 and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 114:109619. [PMID: 36700781 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury often causes poor outcomes and has few established treatments. Neuroinflammation and ferroptosis hinder therapeutic progress in this domain. Annexin A5 (A5) has anticoagulant, anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory bioactivities. However, its protective effects on traumatic brain injury remain unclear. Thus, we explored whether inhibiting ferroptosis and neuroinflammation using A5 could ameliorate traumatic brain injury. We injected recombinant A5 (50 µg/kg) in the tail vein of mice 30 min after fluid percussion injury. We then assessed modified neurologic severity scores, Morris water maze performance, rotarod test performance, brain water content, and blood-brain barrier permeability to document the neuroprotective effects of A5. Two days after the traumatic brain injury, we collected injured cortex tissues for western blot, Perl's staining, apoptosis staining, Nissl staining, immunofluorescence/immunohistochemistry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We also quantified superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity and glutathione and malondialdehyde levels. A5 improved neurological deficits, weight loss, cerebral hypoperfusion, brain edema, blood-brain barrier disruption, neuronal apoptosis, and ferroptosis. It also increased the ratio of M2/M1 phenotype microglia, reduced interleukin 1β and 6 levels, decreased peripheral immune cell infiltration, and increased interleukin 10 levels. A5 reduced neuronal iron accumulation, p53-related cell death, and oxidative stress damage. Finally, A5 downregulated HMGB1 and NF-ĸB pathways and upregulated the nuclear erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) and HO-1 pathways. These results suggest that A5 exerts neuroprotection in traumatic brain injury mice and ameliorates neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and ferroptosis by regulating the NF-kB/HMGB1 pathway and the Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidant system.
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16
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Bin Heyat MB, Akhtar F, Sultana A, Tumrani S, Teelhawod BN, Abbasi R, Amjad Kamal M, Muaad AY, Lai D, Wu K. Role of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Insomnia Sleep Disorder and Cardiovascular Diseases: Herbal Antioxidants and Anti-inflammatory Coupled with Insomnia Detection using Machine Learning. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:3618-3636. [PMID: 36464881 DOI: 10.2174/1381612829666221201161636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Insomnia is well-known as trouble in sleeping and enormously influences human life due to the shortage of sleep. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) accrue in neurons during the waking state, and sleep has a defensive role against oxidative damage and dissipates ROS in the brain. In contrast, insomnia is the source of inequity between ROS generation and removal by an endogenous antioxidant defense system. The relationship between insomnia, depression, and anxiety disorders damages the cardiovascular systems' immune mechanisms and functions. Traditionally, polysomnography is used in the diagnosis of insomnia. This technique is complex, with a long time overhead. In this work, we have proposed a novel machine learning-based automatic detection system using the R-R intervals extracted from a single-lead electrocardiograph (ECG). Additionally, we aimed to explore the role of oxidative stress and inflammation in sleeping disorders and cardiovascular diseases, antioxidants' effects, and the psychopharmacological effect of herbal medicine. This work has been carried out in steps, which include collecting the ECG signal for normal and insomnia subjects, analyzing the signal, and finally, automatic classification. We used two approaches, including subjects (normal and insomnia), two sleep stages, i.e., wake and rapid eye movement, and three Machine Learning (ML)-based classifiers to complete the classification. A total number of 3000 ECG segments were collected from 18 subjects. Furthermore, using the theranostics approach, the role of mitochondrial dysfunction causing oxidative stress and inflammatory response in insomnia and cardiovascular diseases was explored. The data from various databases on the mechanism of action of different herbal medicines in insomnia and cardiovascular diseases with antioxidant and antidepressant activities were also retrieved. Random Forest (RF) classifier has shown the highest accuracy (subjects: 87.10% and sleep stage: 88.30%) compared to the Decision Tree (DT) and Support Vector Machine (SVM). The results revealed that the suggested method could perform well in classifying the subjects and sleep stages. Additionally, a random forest machine learning-based classifier could be helpful in the clinical discovery of sleep complications, including insomnia. The evidence retrieved from the databases showed that herbal medicine contains numerous phytochemical bioactives and has multimodal cellular mechanisms of action, viz., antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, vasorelaxant, detoxifier, antidepressant, anxiolytic, and cell-rejuvenator properties. Other herbal medicines have a GABA-A receptor agonist effect. Hence, we recommend that the theranostics approach has potential and can be adopted for future research to improve the quality of life of humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Belal Bin Heyat
- IoT Research Center, College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Faijan Akhtar
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, China
| | - Arshiya Sultana
- Department of Ilmul Qabalat wa Amraze Niswan, National Institute of Unani Medicine, Ministry of AYUSH, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Saifullah Tumrani
- Department of Computer Science, Bahria University, Karachi 75260, Pakistan
| | - Bibi Nushrina Teelhawod
- School of Information and Software Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, China
| | - Rashid Abbasi
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Perception and Intelligent Control of High-end Equipment of Ministry of Education, School of Electrical Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.,King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh.,Enzymoics, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW 2770, Australia
| | - Abdullah Y Muaad
- Department of Studies in Computer Science, University of Mysore, Manasagangothri, Mysore 570006, India.,Sana'a Community College, Sana'a 5695, Yemen
| | - Dakun Lai
- BMI-EP Laboratory, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, China
| | - Kaishun Wu
- IoT Research Center, College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
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Zhao G, Fu Y, Yang C, Yang X, Hu X. Exploring the pathogenesis linking traumatic brain injury and epilepsy via bioinformatic analyses. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1047908. [PMID: 36438009 PMCID: PMC9686289 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1047908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious disease that could increase the risk of epilepsy. The purpose of this article is to explore the common molecular mechanism in TBI and epilepsy with the aim of providing a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE). Two datasets of TBI and epilepsy in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were downloaded. Functional enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction, and hub gene identification were performed based on the cross-talk genes of aforementioned two diseases. Another dataset was used to validate these hub genes. Moreover, the abundance of infiltrating immune cells was evaluated through Immune Cell Abundance Identifier (ImmuCellAI). The common microRNAs (miRNAs) between TBI and epilepsy were acquired via the Human microRNA Disease Database (HMDD). The overlapped genes in cross-talk genes and target genes predicted through the TargetScan were obtained to construct the common miRNAs-mRNAs network. A total of 106 cross-talk genes were screened out, including 37 upregulated and 69 downregulated genes. Through the enrichment analyses, we showed that the terms about cytokine and immunity were enriched many times, particularly interferon gamma signaling pathway. Four critical hub genes were screened out for co-expression analysis. The miRNA-mRNA network revealed that three miRNAs may affect the shared interferon-induced genes, which might have essential roles in PTE. Our study showed the potential role of interferon gamma signaling pathway in pathogenesis of PTE, which may provide a promising target for future therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengshui Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The People’s Hospital of Hengshui City, Hengshui, China
| | - Yongqi Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, The People’s Hospital of Hengshui City, Hengshui, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The People’s Hospital of Hengshui City, Hengshui, China
| | - Xuehui Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The People’s Hospital of Hengshui City, Hengshui, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The People’s Hospital of Hengshui City, Hengshui, China
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18
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Chaoul V, Awad M, Harb F, Najjar F, Hamade A, Nabout R, Soueid J. Saffron Extract Attenuates Anxiogenic Effect and Improves Cognitive Behavior in an Adult Zebrafish Model of Traumatic Brain Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911600. [PMID: 36232902 PMCID: PMC9570094 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has the highest mortality rates worldwide, yet effective treatment remains unavailable. TBI causes inflammatory responses, endoplasmic reticulum stress, disruption of the blood-brain barrier and neurodegeneration that lead to loss of cognition, memory and motor skills. Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) is known for its anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects, which makes it a potential candidate for TBI treatment. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) shares a high degree of genetic homology and cell signaling pathways with mammals. Its active neuro-regenerative function makes it an excellent model organism for TBI therapeutic drug identification. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of saffron administration to a TBI zebrafish model by investigating behavioral outcomes such as anxiety, fear and memory skills using a series of behavioral tests. Saffron exhibited anxiolytic effect on anxiety-like behaviors, and showed prevention of fear inhibition observed after TBI. It improved learning and enhanced memory performance. These results suggest that saffron could be a novel therapeutic enhancer for neural repair and regeneration of networks post-TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Chaoul
- Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Jdeidet P.O. Box 90656, Lebanon
| | - Maria Awad
- Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Jdeidet P.O. Box 90656, Lebanon
| | - Frederic Harb
- Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Jdeidet P.O. Box 90656, Lebanon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, Kalhat, Al Kurah P.O. Box 100, Lebanon
| | - Fadia Najjar
- Laboratoire d’Innovation Thérapeutique, Departments of Biology, Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, Jdeidet P.O. Box 90656, Lebanon
| | - Aline Hamade
- Laboratoire d’Innovation Thérapeutique, Departments of Biology, Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, Jdeidet P.O. Box 90656, Lebanon
| | - Rita Nabout
- Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Jdeidet P.O. Box 90656, Lebanon
| | - Jihane Soueid
- Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Jdeidet P.O. Box 90656, Lebanon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon
- Correspondence:
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Salem M, Shaheen M, Borjac J. Crocin suppresses inflammation-induced apoptosis in rmTBI mouse model via modulation of Nrf2 transcriptional activity. PHARMANUTRITION 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2022.100308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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Yan M, Yan Y, Zhang Z, Wang G, Shi W, Jiang M, Zhao J, Wu X, Zeng H. The Effect of Triptolide Combined With Crocin on Arthritis in Mice: From Side Effect Attenuation to Therapy. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:908227. [PMID: 35814255 PMCID: PMC9260116 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.908227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical use of triptolide (TP) is restricted due to severe toxicity. This study assessed the protective effect of crocin (CR) as a natural antioxidant against TP-induced toxicity in bovine collagen type II-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice. The mice in the CIA model group showed macroscopic signs of severe arthritis. The anti-arthritis effects in the control, TP + CR, and TP groups were evaluated through assessment of foot volume, arthritis score, and proinflammatory cytokines, and collagen antibody assay. Crocin reduced TP-induced toxicity, as evidenced by evaluation of survival rate, body weight, visceral index, hepatic and renal functions, histopathologic analyses, and antioxidant enzyme activities. Transcriptome sequencing resulted in identification of 76 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with hepatotoxicity between the TP and TP + CR groups. Of these, Three DEGs (Cyp1a2,Gsta4, and Gstp1) were validated using quantitative real-time PCR analysis. In conclusion, CR protected CIA mice from TP-induced toxicity through modulation of the cytochrome P450 and glutathione metabolism pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yan
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yinyin Yan
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- School of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenqiang Zhang
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guoqiang Wang
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenbo Shi
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- School of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mengyuan Jiang
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junwei Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Junwei Zhao, ; Xiangxiang Wu, ; Huahui Zeng,
| | - Xiangxiang Wu
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Junwei Zhao, ; Xiangxiang Wu, ; Huahui Zeng,
| | - Huahui Zeng
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- School of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Junwei Zhao, ; Xiangxiang Wu, ; Huahui Zeng,
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21
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An In Vitro Study of Saffron Carotenoids: The Effect of Crocin Extracts and Dimethylcrocetin on Cancer Cell Lines. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061074. [PMID: 35739971 PMCID: PMC9220052 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Crocus sativus L. has various pharmacological properties, known for over 3600 years. These properties are attributed mainly to biologically active substances, which belong to the terpenoid group and include crocins, picrocrocin and safranal. The aim of the current work was to examine the effects of crocins (CRCs) and their methyl ester derivate dimethylcrocetin (DMCRT) on glioblastoma and rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines, in terms of cytotoxicity and gene expression, implicated in proapoptotic and cell survival pathways. Cell cytotoxicity was assessed with Alamar Blue fluorescence assay after treatment with saffron carotenoids for 24, 48 and 72 h and concentrations ranging from 22.85 to 0.18 mg/mL for CRCs and 11.43 to 0.09 mg/mL for DMCRT. In addition, BAX, BID, BCL2, MYCN, SOD1, and GSTM1 gene expression was studied by qRT-PCR analysis. Both compounds demonstrated cytotoxic effects against glioblastoma and rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines, in a dose- and time-dependent manner. They induced apoptosis, via BAX and BID upregulation, MYCN and BCL-2, SOD1, GSTM1 downregulation. The current research denotes the possible anticancer properties of saffron carotenoids, which are considered safe phytochemicals, already tested in clinical trials for their health promoting properties.
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