1
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Ramirez M, Bastien E, Chae H, Gianello P, Gilon P, Bouzin C. 3D evaluation of the extracellular matrix of hypoxic pancreatic islets using light sheet fluorescence microscopy. Islets 2024; 16:2298518. [PMID: 38267218 PMCID: PMC10810165 DOI: 10.1080/19382014.2023.2298518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic islet transplantation is a promising treatment for type 1 diabetes, but the survival and function of transplanted islets are hindered by the loss of extracellular matrix (ECM) during islet isolation and by low oxygenation upon implantation. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of hypoxia on ECM using a cutting-edge imaging approach based on tissue clearing and 3D microscopy. Human and rat islets were cultured under normoxic (O2 21%) or hypoxic (O2 1%) conditions. Immunofluorescence staining targeting insulin, glucagon, CA9 (a hypoxia marker), ECM proteins (collagen 4, fibronectin, laminin), and E-cadherin (intercellular adhesion protein) was performed on fixed whole islets. The cleared islets were imaged using Light Sheet Fluorescence Microscopy (LSFM) and digitally analyzed. The volumetric analysis of target proteins did not show significant differences in abundance between the experimental groups. However, 3D projections revealed distinct morphological features that differentiated normoxic and hypoxic islets. Under normoxic conditions, ECM could be found throughout the islets. Hypoxic islets exhibited areas of scattered nuclei and central clusters of ECM proteins, indicating central necrosis. E-cadherin was absent in these areas. Our results, demonstrating a diminution of islets' functional mass in hypoxia, align with the functional decline observed in transplanted islets experiencing low oxygenation after grafting. This study provides a methodology combining tissue clearing, multiplex immunofluorescence, Light Sheet Fluorescence Microscopy, and digital image analysis to investigate pancreatic islet morphology. This 3D approach allowed us to highlight ECM organizational changes during hypoxia from a morphological perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matias Ramirez
- Pole of Experimental Surgery and Transplantation, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Estelle Bastien
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Heeyoung Chae
- Pole of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Gianello
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Transplantation, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrick Gilon
- Pole of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caroline Bouzin
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
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2
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Berger C, Glaser M, Ziegler AL, Neukel V, Walz F, Zdzieblo D. Generation of a pancreas derived hydrogel for the culture of hiPSC derived pancreatic endocrine cells. Sci Rep 2024; 14:20653. [PMID: 39232042 PMCID: PMC11375036 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67327-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Stem cell-derived β-cells (SC-BCs) represent a potential source for curing diabetes. To date, in vitro generated SC-BCs display an immature phenotype and lack important features in comparison to their bona-fide counterparts. Transplantation into a living animal promotes SC-BCs maturation, indicating that components of the in vivo microenvironment trigger final SC-BCs development. Here, we investigated whether cues of the pancreas specific extracellular matrix (ECM) can improve the differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) towards β-cells in vitro. To this aim, a pancreas specific ECM (PanMa) hydrogel was generated from decellularized porcine pancreas and its effect on the differentiation of hiPSC-derived pancreatic hormone expressing cells (HECs) was tested. The hydrogel solidified upon neutralization at 37 °C with gelation kinetics similar to Matrigel. Cytocompatibility of the PanMa hydrogel was demonstrated for a culture duration of 21 days. Encapsulation and culture of HECs in the PanMa hydrogel over 7 days resulted in a stable gene and protein expression of most β-cell markers, but did not improve β-cell identity. In conclusion, the study describes the production of a PanMa hydrogel, which provides the basis for the development of ECM hydrogels that are more adapted to the demands of SC-BCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantin Berger
- Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Markus Glaser
- Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anna-Lena Ziegler
- Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Valentina Neukel
- Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Fabiola Walz
- Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Zdzieblo
- Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Project Center for Stem Cell Process Engineering, Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research, Würzburg, Germany
- Translational Center Regenerative Therapies, Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research, Würzburg, Germany
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3
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Grattoni A, Korbutt G, Tomei AA, García AJ, Pepper AR, Stabler C, Brehm M, Papas K, Citro A, Shirwan H, Millman JR, Melero-Martin J, Graham M, Sefton M, Ma M, Kenyon N, Veiseh O, Desai TA, Nostro MC, Marinac M, Sykes M, Russ HA, Odorico J, Tang Q, Ricordi C, Latres E, Mamrak NE, Giraldo J, Poznansky MC, de Vos P. Harnessing cellular therapeutics for type 1 diabetes mellitus: progress, challenges, and the road ahead. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2024:10.1038/s41574-024-01029-0. [PMID: 39227741 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-024-01029-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a growing global health concern that affects approximately 8.5 million individuals worldwide. T1DM is characterized by an autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β cells, leading to a disruption in glucose homeostasis. Therapeutic intervention for T1DM requires a complex regimen of glycaemic monitoring and the administration of exogenous insulin to regulate blood glucose levels. Advances in continuous glucose monitoring and algorithm-driven insulin delivery devices have improved the quality of life of patients. Despite this, mimicking islet function and complex physiological feedback remains challenging. Pancreatic islet transplantation represents a potential functional cure for T1DM but is hindered by donor scarcity, variability in harvested cells, aggressive immunosuppressive regimens and suboptimal clinical outcomes. Current research is directed towards generating alternative cell sources, improving transplantation methods, and enhancing cell survival without chronic immunosuppression. This Review maps the progress in cell replacement therapies for T1DM and outlines the remaining challenges and future directions. We explore the state-of-the-art strategies for generating replenishable β cells, cell delivery technologies and local targeted immune modulation. Finally, we highlight relevant animal models and the regulatory aspects for advancing these technologies towards clinical deployment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Grattoni
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Gregory Korbutt
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Alice A Tomei
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Andrés J García
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Andrew R Pepper
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Cherie Stabler
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Michael Brehm
- Program in Molecular Medicine, Diabetes Center of Excellence, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Klearchos Papas
- Department of Surgery, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Antonio Citro
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Haval Shirwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Millman
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Juan Melero-Martin
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Melanie Graham
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Michael Sefton
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Minglin Ma
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Norma Kenyon
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Omid Veiseh
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tejal A Desai
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Brown University, School of Engineering, Providence, RI, USA
| | - M Cristina Nostro
- McEwen Stem Cell Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Megan Sykes
- Department of Medicine, Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Holger A Russ
- Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jon Odorico
- UW Health Transplant Center, Madison, WI, USA
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Qizhi Tang
- Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, US
- Gladstone Institute of Genomic Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Camillo Ricordi
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Esther Latres
- Research Department, Breakthrough T1D, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Jaime Giraldo
- Research Department, Breakthrough T1D, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Mark C Poznansky
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Paul de Vos
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
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4
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Martins EAG, Deus IA, Gomes MC, Silva AS, Mano JF, Custódio CA. Human Chorionic Membrane-derived Tunable Hydrogels for Vascular Tissue Engineering Strategies. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2401510. [PMID: 39101324 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202401510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
One of the foremost targets in the advancement of biomaterials to engineer vascularized tissues is not only to replicate the composition of the intended tissue but also to create thicker structures incorporating a vascular network for adequate nutrients and oxygen supply. For the first time, to the best of current knowledge, a clinically relevant biomaterial is developed, demonstrating that hydrogels made from the human decellularized extracellular matrix can exhibit robust mechanical properties (in the kPa range) and angiogenic capabilities simultaneously. These properties enable the culture and organization of human umbilical vein endothelial cells into tubular structures, maintaining their integrity for 14 days in vitro without the need for additional polymers or angiogenesis-related factors. This is achieved by repurposing the placenta chorionic membrane (CM), a medical waste with an exceptional biochemical composition, into a valuable resource for bioengineering purposes. After decellularization, the CM underwent chemical modification with methacryloyl groups, giving rise to methacrylated CM (CMMA). CMMA preserved key proteins, as well as glycosaminoglycans. The resulting hydrogels rapidly photopolymerize and have enhanced strength and customizable mechanical properties. Furthermore, they demonstrate angio-vasculogenic competence in vitro and in vivo, holding significant promise as a humanized platform for the engineering of vascularized tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa A G Martins
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Inês A Deus
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Maria C Gomes
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Ana S Silva
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - João F Mano
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Catarina A Custódio
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
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5
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Hao L, Khajouei F, Rodriguez J, Kim S, Lee EJA. Unlocking the Promise of Decellularized Pancreatic Tissue: A Novel Approach to Support Angiogenesis in Engineered Tissue. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:183. [PMID: 38391669 PMCID: PMC10886056 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11020183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Advancements in regenerative medicine have highlighted the potential of decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) as a scaffold for organ bioengineering. Although the potential of ECM in major organ systems is well-recognized, studies focusing on the angiogenic effects of pancreatic ECM are limited. This study investigates the capabilities of pancreatic ECM, particularly its role in promoting angiogenesis. Using a Triton-X-100 solution, porcine pancreas was successfully decellularized, resulting in a significant reduction in DNA content (97.1% removal) while preserving key pancreatic ECM components. A three-dimensional ECM hydrogel was then created from this decellularized tissue and used for cell culture. Biocompatibility tests demonstrated enhanced adhesion and proliferation of mouse embryonic stem cell-derived endothelial cells (mES-ECs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in this hydrogel compared to conventional scaffolds. The angiogenic potential was evaluated through tube formation assays, wherein the cells showed superior tube formation capabilities in ECM hydrogel compared to rat tail collagen. The RT-PCR analysis further confirmed the upregulation of pro-angiogenic genes in HUVECs cultured within the ECM hydrogel. Specifically, HUVECs cultured in the ECM hydrogel exhibited a significant upregulation in the expression of MMP2, VEGF and PAR-1, compared to those cultured in collagen hydrogel or in a monolayer condition. The identification of ECM proteins, specifically PRSS2 and Decorin, further supports the efficacy of pancreatic ECM hydrogel as an angiogenic scaffold. These findings highlight the therapeutic promise of pancreatic ECM hydrogel as a candidate for vascularized tissue engineering application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Hao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Fariba Khajouei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Jaselin Rodriguez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Soojin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Eun Jung A Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
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6
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Omori K, Qi M, Salgado M, Gonzalez N, Hui LT, Chen KT, Rawson J, Miao L, Komatsu H, Isenberg JS, Al-Abdullah IH, Mullen Y, Kandeel F. A scalable human islet 3D-culture platform maintains cell mass and function long-term for transplantation. Am J Transplant 2024; 24:177-189. [PMID: 37813189 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajt.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Present-day islet culture methods provide short-term maintenance of cell viability and function, limiting access to islet transplantation. Attempts to lengthen culture intervals remain unsuccessful. A new method was developed to permit the long-term culture of islets. Human islets were embedded in polysaccharide 3D-hydrogel in cell culture inserts or gas-permeable chambers with serum-free CMRL 1066 supplemented media for up to 8 weeks. The long-term cultured islets maintained better morphology, cell mass, and viability at 4 weeks than islets in conventional suspension culture. In fact, islets cultured in the 3D-hydrogel retained β cell mass and function on par with freshly isolated islets in vitro and, when transplanted into diabetic mice, restored glucose balance similar to fresh islets. Using gas-permeable chambers, the 3D-hydrogel culture method was scaled up over 10-fold and maintained islet viability and function, although the cell mass recovery rate was 50%. Additional optimization of scale-up methods continues. If successful, this technology could afford flexibility and expand access to islet transplantation, especially single-donor islet-after-kidney transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Omori
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
| | - Meirigeng Qi
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Mayra Salgado
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Nelson Gonzalez
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Lauren T Hui
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Kuan-Tsen Chen
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Jeffrey Rawson
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Lynn Miao
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Hirotake Komatsu
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Isenberg
- Department of Diabetes Complications & Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Ismail H Al-Abdullah
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Yoko Mullen
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Fouad Kandeel
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
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7
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Waters BJ, Birman ZR, Wagner MR, Lemanski J, Blum B. Islet architecture in adult mice is actively maintained by Robo2 expression in β cells. Dev Biol 2024; 505:122-129. [PMID: 37972678 PMCID: PMC10841604 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2023.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
A fundamental question in developmental biology is whether tissue architectures formed during development are set for life, or require continuous maintenance signals, and if so, what are those signals. The islets of Langerhans in the pancreas can serve as an elegant model tissue to answer these questions. Islets have a non-random spatial architecture, which is important to proper glucose homeostasis. Islet architecture forms during embryonic development, in a morphogenesis process partially involving expression of Roundabout (Robo) receptors in β cells, and their ligand, Slit, in the surrounding mesenchyme. Whether islet architecture is set during development and remains passive in adulthood, or whether it requires active maintenance throughout life, has not been determined. Here we conditionally deleted Robo2 in β cells of adult mice and observed their islet architecture following a two-month chase. We show that deleting Robo2 in adult β cells causes significant loss of islet architecture without affecting β cell identity, maturation, or stress, indicating that Robo2 plays a role in actively maintaining adult islet architecture. Understanding the factors required to maintain islet architecture, and thus optimize islet function, is important for developing future diabetes therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bayley J Waters
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Zoe R Birman
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Matthew R Wagner
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Julia Lemanski
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Barak Blum
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
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8
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Tinklepaugh J, Mamrak NE. Imaging in Type 1 Diabetes, Current Perspectives and Directions. Mol Imaging Biol 2023; 25:1142-1149. [PMID: 37934378 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-023-01873-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterized by the autoimmune-mediated attack of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas, leading to reliance on exogenous insulin to control a patient's blood glucose levels. As progress is being made in understanding the pathophysiology of the disease and how to better develop therapies to treat it, there is an increasing need for monitoring technologies to quantify beta cell mass and function throughout T1D progression and beta cell replacement therapy. Molecular imaging techniques offer a possible solution through both radiologic and non-radiologic means including positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, electron paramagnetic resonance imaging, and spatial omics. This commentary piece outlines the role of molecular imaging in T1D research and highlights the need for further applications of such methodologies in T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Tinklepaugh
- Research Department, JDRF, 200 Vesey Street, New York, NY, USA
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9
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Krishtul S, Skitel Moshe M, Kovrigina I, Baruch L, Machluf M. ECM-based bioactive microencapsulation significantly improves islet function and graft performance. Acta Biomater 2023; 171:249-260. [PMID: 37708927 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Microencapsulation is a promising strategy to prolong the survival and function of transplanted pancreatic islets for diabetes therapy, albeit its translation has been impeded by incoherent graft performance. The use of decellularized ECM has lately gained substantial research momentum due to its innate capacity to augment the function of cells originating from the same tissue type. In the present study, the advantages of both these approaches are leveraged in a porcine pancreatic ECM (pECM)-based microencapsulation platform, thus significantly enhancing murine pancreatic islet performance. pECM-encapsulated islets sustain high insulin secretion levels in vitro, surpassing those of islets encapsulated in conventional alginate microcapsules. Moreover, pECM-encapsulated islet cells proliferate and produce an enriched intra-islet ECM framework, displaying a distinctive structural rearrangement. The beneficial effect of pECM encapsulation is further reinforced by the temporary protection against cytokine-induced cytotoxicity. In-vivo, this platform significantly improves glucose tolerance and achieves glycemic correction in 100% of immunocompetent diabetic mice without any immunosuppression, compared to only 50% mice achieved glycemic correction by alginate encapsulation. Altogether, the results presented herein reveal that pECM-based microencapsulation offers a natural pancreatic niche that can restore the function of isolated pancreatic islets and deliver them safely, avoiding the need for immunosuppression. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Aiming to improve pancreatic islet transplantation outcomes in diabetic patients, we developed a microencapsulation platform based on pancreatic extracellular matrix (pECM). In these microcapsules the islets are entrapped within a pECM hydrogel that mimics the natural pancreatic microenvironment. We show that pECM encapsulation supports the islets' viability and function in culture, and provides temporal protection against cytokine-induced stress. In a diabetic mouse model, pECM encapsulation significantly improved glucose tolerance and achieved glycemic correction without any immunosuppression. These results reveal the potential of pECM encapsulation as a viable treatment for diabetes, providing a solid scientific basis for more advanced preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stasia Krishtul
- Faculty of Biotechnology & Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Michal Skitel Moshe
- Faculty of Biotechnology & Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Inna Kovrigina
- Faculty of Biotechnology & Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Limor Baruch
- Faculty of Biotechnology & Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Marcelle Machluf
- Faculty of Biotechnology & Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel.
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10
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Doherty DT, Khambalia HA, van Dellen D, Jennings RE, Piper Hanley K. Unlocking the post-transplant microenvironment for successful islet function and survival. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1250126. [PMID: 37711891 PMCID: PMC10497759 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1250126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Islet transplantation (IT) offers the potential to restore euglycemia for patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Despite improvements in islet isolation techniques and immunosuppressive regimes, outcomes remain suboptimal with UK five-year graft survivals (5YGS) of 55% and most patients still requiring exogenous insulin after multiple islet infusions. Native islets have a significant non-endocrine component with dense extra-cellular matrix (ECM), important for islet development, cell survival and function. Collagenase isolation necessarily disrupts this complex islet microenvironment, leaving islets devoid of a supporting framework and increasing vulnerability of transplanted islets. Following portal venous transplantation, a liver injury response is potentially induced, which typically results in inflammation and ECM deposition from liver specific myofibroblasts. The impact of this response may have important impact on islet survival and function. A fibroblast response and ECM deposition at the kidney capsule and eye chamber alongside other implantation sites have been shown to be beneficial for survival and function. Investigating the implantation site microenvironment and the interactions of transplanted islets with ECM proteins may reveal therapeutic interventions to improve IT and stem-cell derived beta-cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel T. Doherty
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Department of Renal & Pancreatic Transplantation, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Hussein A. Khambalia
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Department of Renal & Pancreatic Transplantation, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - David van Dellen
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Department of Renal & Pancreatic Transplantation, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel E. Jennings
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Department of Endocrinology, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Karen Piper Hanley
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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11
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Wang X, Jin L, Liu W, Stingelin L, Zhang P, Tan Z. Construction of engineered 3D islet micro-tissue using porcine decellularized ECM for the treatment of diabetes. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:5517-5532. [PMID: 37387616 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00346a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Islet transplantation improves diabetes patients' long-term blood glucose control, but its success and utility are limited by cadaver availability, quality, and considerable islet loss after transplantation due to ischemia and inadequate angiogenesis. This study used adipose, pancreatic, and liver tissue decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) hydrogels in an effort to recapitulate the islet sites inside the pancreas in vitro, and successfully generated viable and functional heterocellular islet micro-tissues using islet cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells, and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. The three-dimensional (3D) islet micro-tissues maintained prolonged viability and normal secretory function, and showed high drug sensitivity in drug testing. Meanwhile, the 3D islet micro-tissues significantly enhanced survival and graft function in a mouse model of diabetes. These supportive 3D physiomimetic dECM hydrogels can be used not only for islet micro-tissue culture in vitro, but also have great promise for islet transplantation for the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocheng Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
| | - Lijuan Jin
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
- Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
| | - Wenyu Liu
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
- Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
| | - Lukas Stingelin
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
| | - Pan Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Zhikai Tan
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
- Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
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12
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Cai D, Weng W. Development potential of extracellular matrix hydrogels as hemostatic materials. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1187474. [PMID: 37383519 PMCID: PMC10294235 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1187474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The entry of subcutaneous extracellular matrix proteins into the circulation is a key step in hemostasis initiation after vascular injury. However, in cases of severe trauma, extracellular matrix proteins are unable to cover the wound, making it difficult to effectively initiate hemostasis and resulting in a series of bleeding events. Acellular-treated extracellular matrix (ECM) hydrogels are widely used in regenerative medicine and can effectively promote tissue repair due to their high mimic nature and excellent biocompatibility. ECM hydrogels contain high concentrations of extracellular matrix proteins, including collagen, fibronectin, and laminin, which can simulate subcutaneous extracellular matrix components and participate in the hemostatic process. Therefore, it has unique advantages as a hemostatic material. This paper first reviewed the preparation, composition and structure of extracellular hydrogels, as well as their mechanical properties and safety, and then analyzed the hemostatic mechanism of the hydrogels to provide a reference for the application and research, and development of ECM hydrogels in the field of hemostasis.
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13
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Cardoso LEM, Marinho TS, Martins FF, Aguila MB, Mandarim-de-Lacerda CA. Treatment with semaglutide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist, improves extracellular matrix remodeling in the pancreatic islet of diet-induced obese mice. Life Sci 2023; 319:121502. [PMID: 36796719 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The extracellular matrix (ECM) is fundamental for the normal endocrine functions of pancreatic islet cells and plays key roles in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes. Here we investigated the turnover of islet ECM components, including islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), in an obese mouse model treated with semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide type 1 receptor agonist. MAIN METHODS Male one-month-old C57BL/6 mice were fed a control diet (C) or a high-fat diet (HF) for 16 weeks, then treated with semaglutide (subcutaneous 40 μg/kg every three days) for an additional four weeks (HFS). The islets were immunostained and gene expressions were assessed. KEY FINDINGS Comparisons refer to HFS vs HF. Thus, IAPP immunolabeling and beta-cell-enriched beta-amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme (Bace2, -40 %) and heparanase immunolabeling and gene (Hpse, -40 %) were mitigated by semaglutide. In contrast, perlecan (Hspg2, +900 %) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (Vegfa, +420 %) were enhanced by semaglutide. Also, semaglutide lessened syndecan 4 (Sdc4, -65 %) and hyaluronan synthases (Has1, -45 %; Has2, -65 %) as well as chondroitin sulfate immunolabeling, and collagen type 1 (Col1a1, -60 %) and type 6 (Col6a3, -15 %), lysyl oxidase (Lox, -30 %) and metalloproteinases (Mmp2, -45 %; Mmp9, -60 %). SIGNIFICANCE Semaglutide improved the turnover of islet heparan sulfate proteoglycans, hyaluronan, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, and collagens in the islet ECM. Such changes should contribute to restoring a healthy islet functional milieu and should reduce the formation of cell-damaging amyloid deposits. Our findings also provide additional evidence for the involvement of islet proteoglycans in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz E M Cardoso
- Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular disease, Biomedical Center, Institute of Biology, The University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Thatiany Souza Marinho
- Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular disease, Biomedical Center, Institute of Biology, The University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fabiane Ferreira Martins
- Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular disease, Biomedical Center, Institute of Biology, The University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcia Barbosa Aguila
- Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular disease, Biomedical Center, Institute of Biology, The University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Carlos A Mandarim-de-Lacerda
- Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular disease, Biomedical Center, Institute of Biology, The University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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14
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Tissue engineering of decellularized pancreas scaffolds for regenerative medicine in diabetes. Acta Biomater 2023; 157:49-66. [PMID: 36427686 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a global disease requiring long-term treatment and monitoring. At present, pancreas or islet transplantation is the only reliable treatment for achieving stable euglycemia in Type I diabetes patients. However, the shortage of viable pancreata for transplantation limits the use of this therapy for the majority of patients. Organ decellularization and recellularization is emerging as a promising solution to overcome the shortage of viable organs for transplantation by providing a potential alternative source of donor organs. Several studies on decellularization and recellularization of rodent, porcine, and human pancreata have been performed, and show promise for generating usable decellularized pancreas scaffolds for subsequent recellularization and transplantation. In this state-of-the-art review, we provide an overview of the latest advances in pancreas decellularization, recellularization, and revascularization. We also discuss clinical considerations such as potential transplantation sites, donor source, and immune considerations. We conclude with an outlook on the remaining work that needs to be done in order to realize the goal of using this technology to create bioengineered pancreata for transplantation in diabetes patients. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Pancreas or islet transplantation is a means of providing insulin-independence in diabetes patients. However, due to the shortage of viable pancreata, whole-organ decellularization and recellularization is emerging as a promising solution to overcome organ shortage for transplantation. Several studies on decellularization and recellularization of rodent, porcine, and human pancreata have shown promise for generating usable decellularized pancreas scaffolds for subsequent recellularization and transplantation. In this state-of-the-art review, we highlight the latest advances in pancreas decellularization, recellularization, and revascularization. We also discuss clinical considerations such as potential transplantation sites, donor source, and immune considerations. We conclude with future work that needs to be done in order to realize clinical translation of bioengineered pancreata for transplantation in diabetes patients.
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15
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Tremmel DM, Mikat AE, Gupta S, Mitchell SA, Curran AM, Menadue JA, Odorico JS, Sackett SD. Validating expression of beta cell maturation-associated genes in human pancreas development. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1103719. [PMID: 36846594 PMCID: PMC9945361 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1103719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of genes associated with human pancreatic beta cell maturation could stimulate a better understanding of normal human islet development and function, be informative for improving stem cell-derived islet (SC-islet) differentiation, and facilitate the sorting of more mature beta cells from a pool of differentiated cells. While several candidate factors to mark beta cell maturation have been identified, much of the data supporting these markers come from animal models or differentiated SC-islets. One such marker is Urocortin-3 (UCN3). In this study, we provide evidence that UCN3 is expressed in human fetal islets well before the acquisition of functional maturation. When SC-islets expressing significant levels of UCN3 were generated, the cells did not exhibit glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, indicating that UCN3 expression is not correlated with functional maturation in these cells. We utilized our tissue bank and SC-islet resources to test an array of other candidate maturation-associated genes, and identified CHGB, G6PC2, FAM159B, GLUT1, IAPP and ENTPD3 as markers with expression patterns that correlate developmentally with the onset of functional maturation in human beta cells. We also find that human beta cell expression of ERO1LB, HDAC9, KLF9, and ZNT8 does not change between fetal and adult stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M. Tremmel
- *Correspondence: Daniel M. Tremmel, ; Sara Dutton Sackett, ; Jon S. Odorico,
| | - Anna E. Mikat
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Surgery, Transplantation Division, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Sakar Gupta
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Surgery, Transplantation Division, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Samantha A. Mitchell
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Surgery, Transplantation Division, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Andrew M. Curran
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Surgery, Transplantation Division, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Jenna A. Menadue
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Surgery, Transplantation Division, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Jon S. Odorico
- *Correspondence: Daniel M. Tremmel, ; Sara Dutton Sackett, ; Jon S. Odorico,
| | - Sara Dutton Sackett
- *Correspondence: Daniel M. Tremmel, ; Sara Dutton Sackett, ; Jon S. Odorico,
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16
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Amin ML, Deng K, Tran HA, Singh R, Rnjak-Kovacina J, Thorn P. Glucose-Dependent Insulin Secretion from β Cell Spheroids Is Enhanced by Embedding into Softer Alginate Hydrogels Functionalised with RGD Peptide. BIOENGINEERING (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:bioengineering9120722. [PMID: 36550929 PMCID: PMC9774350 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9120722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes results from the loss of pancreatic β cells, reduced insulin secretion and dysregulated blood glucose levels. Replacement of these lost β cells with stem cell-derived β cells, and protecting these cells within macro-device implants is a promising approach to restore glucose homeostasis. However, to achieve this goal of restoration of glucose balance requires work to optimise β cell function within implants. We know that native β cell function is enhanced by cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions within the islets of Langerhans. Reproducing these interactions in 2D, such as culture on matrix proteins, does enhance insulin secretion. However, the impact of matrix proteins on the 3D organoids that would be in implants has not been widely studied. Here, we use native β cells that are dispersed from islets and reaggregated into small spheroids. We show these β cell spheroids have enhanced glucose-dependent insulin secretion when embedded into softer alginate hydrogels conjugated with RGD peptide (a common motif in extracellular matrix proteins). Embedding into alginate-RGD causes activation of integrin responses and repositioning of liprin, a protein that controls insulin secretion. We conclude that insulin secretion from β cell spheroids can be enhanced through manipulation of the surrounding environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Lutful Amin
- School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Kylie Deng
- School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Hien A. Tran
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Reena Singh
- School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Jelena Rnjak-Kovacina
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Peter Thorn
- School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
- Correspondence:
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17
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Pignatelli C, Campo F, Neroni A, Piemonti L, Citro A. Bioengineering the Vascularized Endocrine Pancreas: A Fine-Tuned Interplay Between Vascularization, Extracellular-Matrix-Based Scaffold Architecture, and Insulin-Producing Cells. Transpl Int 2022; 35:10555. [PMID: 36090775 PMCID: PMC9452644 DOI: 10.3389/ti.2022.10555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Intrahepatic islet transplantation is a promising β-cell replacement strategy for the treatment of type 1 diabetes. Instant blood-mediated inflammatory reactions, acute inflammatory storm, and graft revascularization delay limit islet engraftment in the peri-transplant phase, hampering the success rate of the procedure. Growing evidence has demonstrated that islet engraftment efficiency may take advantage of several bioengineering approaches aimed to recreate both vascular and endocrine compartments either ex vivo or in vivo. To this end, endocrine pancreas bioengineering is an emerging field in β-cell replacement, which might provide endocrine cells with all the building blocks (vascularization, ECM composition, or micro/macro-architecture) useful for their successful engraftment and function in vivo. Studies on reshaping either the endocrine cellular composition or the islet microenvironment have been largely performed, focusing on a single building block element, without, however, grasping that their synergistic effect is indispensable for correct endocrine function. Herein, the review focuses on the minimum building blocks that an ideal vascularized endocrine scaffold should have to resemble the endocrine niche architecture, composition, and function to foster functional connections between the vascular and endocrine compartments. Additionally, this review highlights the possibility of designing bioengineered scaffolds integrating alternative endocrine sources to overcome donor organ shortages and the possibility of combining novel immune-preserving strategies for long-term graft function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cataldo Pignatelli
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Campo
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Neroni
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Citro
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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18
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Snellings J, Keshi E, Tang P, Daneshgar A, Willma EC, Haderer L, Klein O, Krenzien F, Malinka T, Asbach P, Pratschke J, Sauer IM, Braun J, Sack I, Hillebrandt K. Solid fraction determines stiffness and viscosity in decellularized pancreatic tissues. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 139:212999. [PMID: 35882147 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The role of extracellular matrix (ECM) composition and turnover in mechano-signaling and the metamorphic fate of cells seeded into decellularized tissue can be elucidated by recent developments in non-invasive imaging and biotechnological analysis methods. Because these methods allow accurate quantification of the composition and structural integrity of the ECM, they can be critical in establishing standardized decellularization protocols. This study proposes quantification of the solid fraction, the single-component fraction and the viscoelasticity of decellularized pancreatic tissues using compact multifrequency magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) to assess the efficiency and quality of decellularization protocols. MRE of native and decellularized pancreatic tissues showed that viscoelasticity parameters depend according to a power law on the solid fraction of the decellularized matrix. The parameters can thus be used as highly sensitive markers of the mechanical integrity of soft tissues. Compact MRE allows consistent and noninvasive quantification of the viscoelastic properties of decellularized tissue. Such a method is urgently needed for the standardized monitoring of decellularization processes, evaluation of mechanical ECM properties, and quantification of the integrity of solid structural elements remaining in the decellularized tissue matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Snellings
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Radiology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Eriselda Keshi
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte|Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Tang
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte|Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Assal Daneshgar
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte|Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Esther C Willma
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte|Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Luna Haderer
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte|Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver Klein
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix Krenzien
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte|Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health, Germany at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Acadamy, Clinician Scientist Program, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Malinka
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte|Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Asbach
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Radiology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Johann Pratschke
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte|Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Cluster of Excellence "Matters of Activity. Image Space Material" funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany's Excellence Strategy - E.XC 2025, Germany
| | - Igor M Sauer
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte|Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Cluster of Excellence "Matters of Activity. Image Space Material" funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany's Excellence Strategy - E.XC 2025, Germany
| | - Jürgen Braun
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute for Medical Informatics, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ingolf Sack
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Radiology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Cluster of Excellence "Matters of Activity. Image Space Material" funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany's Excellence Strategy - E.XC 2025, Germany.
| | - Karl Hillebrandt
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte|Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health, Germany at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Acadamy, Clinician Scientist Program, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Cluster of Excellence "Matters of Activity. Image Space Material" funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany's Excellence Strategy - E.XC 2025, Germany
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