1
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Martínez-Cenalmor P, Martínez AE, Moneo-Corcuera D, González-Jiménez P, Pérez-Sala D. Oxidative stress elicits the remodeling of vimentin filaments into biomolecular condensates. Redox Biol 2024; 75:103282. [PMID: 39079387 PMCID: PMC11338992 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The intermediate filament protein vimentin performs an essential role in cytoskeletal interplay and dynamics, mechanosensing and cellular stress responses. In pathology, vimentin is a key player in tumorigenesis, fibrosis and infection. Vimentin filaments undergo distinct and versatile reorganizations, and behave as redox sensors. The vimentin monomer possesses a central α-helical rod domain flanked by N- and C-terminal low complexity domains. Interactions between this type of domains play an important function in the formation of phase-separated biomolecular condensates, which in turn are critical for the organization of cellular components. Here we show that several oxidants, including hydrogen peroxide and diamide, elicit the remodeling of vimentin filaments into small particles. Oxidative stress elicited by diamide induces a fast dissociation of filaments into circular, motile dots, which requires the presence of the single vimentin cysteine residue, C328. This effect is reversible, and filament reassembly can occur within minutes of oxidant removal. Diamide-elicited vimentin droplets recover fluorescence after photobleaching. Moreover, fusion of cells expressing differentially tagged vimentin allows the detection of dots positive for both tags, indicating that vimentin dots merge upon cell fusion. The aliphatic alcohol 1,6-hexanediol, known to alter interactions between low complexity domains, readily dissolves diamide-elicited vimentin dots at low concentrations, in a C328 dependent manner, and hampers reassembly. Taken together, these results indicate that vimentin oxidation promotes a fast and reversible filament remodeling into biomolecular condensate-like structures, and provide primary evidence of its regulated phase separation. Moreover, we hypothesize that filament to droplet transition could play a protective role against irreversible damage of the vimentin network by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Martínez-Cenalmor
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biosciences, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alma E Martínez
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biosciences, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Moneo-Corcuera
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biosciences, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia González-Jiménez
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biosciences, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolores Pérez-Sala
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biosciences, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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2
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Xiang Y, Li L, Huang Y, Zhang J, Dong J, Zhai Q, Sun M, Liao M. Cellular vimentin interacts with VP70 protein of goose astrovirus genotype 2 and acts as a structural organizer to facilitate viral replication. Poult Sci 2024; 103:104146. [PMID: 39128391 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The fatal gouty disease caused by goose astrovirus genotype 2 (GAstV-2) still seriously endangers the goose industry in China, causing great economic losses. However, research on its infection mechanism has progressed relatively slowly. VP70 is the structural protein of GAstV-2 and is closely related to virus invasion and replication. To better understand the role of VP70 during GAstV-2 infection, we used immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry to identify host proteins that interact with VP70. Here, we report that cellular vimentin (VIM) is a host binding partner of VP70. Site-directed mutagenesis showed that amino acid residues 399 to 413 of VP70 interacted with VIM. Using reverse genetics, we found that VP70 mutation disrupts the interaction of VP70 with VIM, which is essential for viral replication. Overexpression of VIM significantly promoted GAstV-2 replication, while knockdown of VIM significantly inhibited GAstV-2 replication. Laser confocal microscopy showed that VP70 protein expression induced the rearrangement of VIM, gradually aggregating from the original uniform grid to the side of the nucleus, and aggregated the originally dispersed GAstV-2 RNA in VIM. This rearrangement was associated with increased VIM phosphorylation caused by GAstV-2. Meanwhile, blocking VIM rearrangement with acrylamide substantially inhibited viral replication. These results indicate that VIM interacts with VP70 and positively regulates GAstV-2 replication, and VIM-VP70 interaction and an intact VIM network are needed for GAstV-2 replication. This study provides a theoretical basis and novel perspective for the further characterization of the pathogenic mechanism of GAstV-2-induced gouty disease in goslings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xiang
- Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Avian Influenza and Other Major Poultry Diseases, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention and Treatment of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Linlin Li
- Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Avian Influenza and Other Major Poultry Diseases, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention and Treatment of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Yunzhen Huang
- Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Avian Influenza and Other Major Poultry Diseases, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention and Treatment of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Junqin Zhang
- Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Avian Influenza and Other Major Poultry Diseases, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention and Treatment of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Jiawen Dong
- Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Avian Influenza and Other Major Poultry Diseases, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention and Treatment of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Qi Zhai
- Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Avian Influenza and Other Major Poultry Diseases, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention and Treatment of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Minhua Sun
- Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Avian Influenza and Other Major Poultry Diseases, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention and Treatment of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Ming Liao
- Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Avian Influenza and Other Major Poultry Diseases, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention and Treatment of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China.
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3
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Ellis S, Way R, Nel M, Burleigh A, Doykov I, Kembou-Ringert J, Woodall M, Masonou T, Case KM, Ortez AT, McHugh TD, Casal A, McCoy LE, Murdan S, Hynds RE, Gilmour KC, Grandjean L, Cortina-Borja M, Heywood WE, Mills K, Smith CM. Salivary IgA and vimentin differentiate in vitro SARS-CoV-2 infection: A study of 290 convalescent COVID-19 patients. Mucosal Immunol 2024; 17:124-136. [PMID: 38007005 PMCID: PMC11139657 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2023.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 initially infects cells in the nasopharynx and oral cavity. The immune system at these mucosal sites plays a crucial role in minimizing viral transmission and infection. To develop new strategies for preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection, this study aimed to identify proteins that protect against viral infection in saliva. We collected 551 saliva samples from 290 healthcare workers who had tested positive for COVID-19, before vaccination, between June and December 2020. The samples were categorized based on their ability to block or enhance infection using in vitro assays. Mass spectrometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay experiments were used to identify and measure the abundance of proteins that specifically bind to SARS-CoV-2 antigens. Immunoglobulin (Ig)A specific to SARS-CoV-2 antigens was detectable in over 83% of the convalescent saliva samples. We found that concentrations of anti-receptor-binding domain IgA >500 pg/µg total protein in saliva correlate with reduced viral infectivity in vitro. However, there is a dissociation between the salivary IgA response to SARS-CoV-2, and systemic IgG titers in convalescent COVID-19 patients. Then, using an innovative technique known as spike-baited mass spectrometry, we identified novel spike-binding proteins in saliva, most notably vimentin, which correlated with increased viral infectivity in vitro and could serve as a therapeutic target against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Ellis
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Rosie Way
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Miranda Nel
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Alice Burleigh
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ivan Doykov
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | | | | | - Tereza Masonou
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | | | | | - Timothy D McHugh
- UCL Centre for Clinical Microbiology, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - Antonio Casal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, UK
| | - Laura E McCoy
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Robert E Hynds
- Epithelial Cell Biology in ENT Research (EpiCENTR) Group, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Kimberly C Gilmour
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Louis Grandjean
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Wendy E Heywood
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Kevin Mills
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Claire M Smith
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.
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4
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Parvanian S, Coelho-Rato LS, Patteson AE, Eriksson JE. Vimentin takes a hike - Emerging roles of extracellular vimentin in cancer and wound healing. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2023; 85:102246. [PMID: 37783033 PMCID: PMC11214764 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2023.102246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Vimentin is a cytoskeletal protein important for many cellular processes, including proliferation, migration, invasion, stress resistance, signaling, and many more. The vimentin-deficient mouse has revealed many of these functions as it has numerous severe phenotypes, many of which are found only following a suitable challenge or stress. While these functions are usually related to vimentin as a major intracellular protein, vimentin is also emerging as an extracellular protein, exposed at the cell surface in an oligomeric form or secreted to the extracellular environment in soluble and vesicle-bound forms. Thus, this review explores the roles of the extracellular pool of vimentin (eVIM), identified in both normal and pathological states. It focuses specifically on the recent advances regarding the role of eVIM in wound healing and cancer. Finally, it discusses new technologies and future perspectives for the clinical application of eVIM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Parvanian
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520, Turku, Finland; Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland; Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Leila S Coelho-Rato
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520, Turku, Finland; Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Alison E Patteson
- Physics Department and BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, 13244, USA
| | - John E Eriksson
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520, Turku, Finland; Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland; Euro-Bioimaging ERIC, 20520 Turku, Finland.
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5
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Parvanian S, Coelho-Rato LS, Eriksson JE, Patteson AE. The molecular biophysics of extracellular vimentin and its role in pathogen-host interactions. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2023; 85:102233. [PMID: 37677998 PMCID: PMC10841047 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2023.102233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Vimentin, an intermediate filament protein typically located in the cytoplasm of mesenchymal cells, can also be secreted as an extracellular protein. The organization of extracellular vimentin strongly determines its functions in physiological and pathological conditions, making it a promising target for future therapeutic interventions. The extracellular form of vimentin has been found to play a role in the interaction between host cells and pathogens. In this review, we first discuss the molecular biophysics of extracellular vimentin, including its structure, secretion, and adhesion properties. We then provide a general overview of the role of extracellular vimentin in mediating pathogen-host interactions, with a focus on its interactions with viruses and bacteria. We also discuss the implications of these findings for the development of new therapeutic strategies for combating infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Parvanian
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520, Turku, Finland; Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, 20520, Turku, Finland; Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Leila S Coelho-Rato
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520, Turku, Finland; Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - John E Eriksson
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520, Turku, Finland; Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, 20520, Turku, Finland; Euro-Bioimaging ERIC, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Alison E Patteson
- Physics Department and BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, 13244, USA.
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6
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Moneo-Corcuera D, Viedma-Poyatos Á, Stamatakis K, Pérez-Sala D. Desmin Reorganization by Stimuli Inducing Oxidative Stress and Electrophiles: Role of Its Single Cysteine Residue. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1703. [PMID: 37760006 PMCID: PMC10525603 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The type III intermediate filament proteins vimentin and GFAP are modulated by oxidants and electrophiles, mainly through perturbation of their single cysteine residues. Desmin, the type III intermediate filament protein specific to muscle cells, is critical for muscle homeostasis, playing a key role in sarcomere organization and mitochondrial function. Here, we have studied the impact of oxidants and cysteine-reactive agents on desmin behavior. Our results show that several reactive species and drugs induce covalent modifications of desmin in vitro, of which its single cysteine residue, C333, is an important target. Moreover, stimuli eliciting oxidative stress or lipoxidation, including H2O2, 15-deoxy-prostaglandin J2, and CoCl2-elicited chemical hypoxia, provoke desmin disorganization in H9c2 rat cardiomyoblasts transfected with wild-type desmin, which is partially attenuated in cells expressing a C333S mutant. Notably, in cells lacking other cytoplasmic intermediate filaments, network formation by desmin C333S appears less efficient than that of desmin wt, especially when these proteins are expressed as fluorescent fusion constructs. Nevertheless, in these cells, the desmin C333S organization is also protected from disruption by oxidants. Taken together, our results indicate that desmin is a target for oxidative and electrophilic stress, which elicit desmin remodeling conditioned by the presence of its single cysteine residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Moneo-Corcuera
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (D.M.-C.); (Á.V.-P.)
| | - Álvaro Viedma-Poyatos
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (D.M.-C.); (Á.V.-P.)
| | - Konstantinos Stamatakis
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain;
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (UAM/CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolores Pérez-Sala
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (D.M.-C.); (Á.V.-P.)
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7
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McColman S, Shkalla K, Sidhu P, Liang J, Osman S, Kovacs N, Bokhari Z, Forjaz Marques AC, Li Y, Lin Q, Zhang H, Cramb DT. SARS-CoV-2 virus-like-particles via liposomal reconstitution of spike glycoproteins. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:4167-4181. [PMID: 37560413 PMCID: PMC10408587 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00190c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 virus, implicated in the COVID-19 pandemic, recognizes and binds host cells using its spike glycoprotein through an angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) receptor-mediated pathway. Recent research suggests that spatial distributions of the spike protein may influence viral interactions with target cells and immune systems. The goal of this study has been to develop a liposome-based virus-like particle (VLP) by reconstituting the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein within a synthetic nanoparticle membrane, aiming to eventually establish tunability in spike protein presentation on the nanoparticle surface. Here we report on first steps to this goal, wherein liposomal SARS-CoV-2 VLPs were successfully produced via detergent mediated spike protein reconstitution. The resultant VLPs are shown to successfully co-localize in vitro with the ACE-2 receptor on lung epithelial cell surfaces, followed by internalization into these cells. These VLPs are the first step toward the overall goal of this research which is to form an understanding of the relationship between spike protein surface density and cell-level immune response, eventually toward creating better vaccines and anti-viral therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah McColman
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science, Toronto Metropolitan University Toronto ON Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | - Klaidi Shkalla
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science, Toronto Metropolitan University Toronto ON Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | - Pavleen Sidhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science, Toronto Metropolitan University Toronto ON Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | - Jady Liang
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto Toronto ON Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | - Selena Osman
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science, Toronto Metropolitan University Toronto ON Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | - Norbert Kovacs
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science, Toronto Metropolitan University Toronto ON Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | - Zainab Bokhari
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science, Toronto Metropolitan University Toronto ON Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | - Ana Carolina Forjaz Marques
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science, Toronto Metropolitan University Toronto ON Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto Toronto ON Canada
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Seção Técnica de Graduação, Universidade Estadual Paulista Araraquara SP Brazil
| | - Yuchong Li
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto Toronto ON Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Qiwen Lin
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto Toronto ON Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto Toronto ON Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong China
- Departments of Anaesthesia and Physiology, Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | - David T Cramb
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science, Toronto Metropolitan University Toronto ON Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto Toronto ON Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada
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8
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Arrindell J, Desnues B. Vimentin: from a cytoskeletal protein to a critical modulator of immune response and a target for infection. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1224352. [PMID: 37475865 PMCID: PMC10354447 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1224352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Vimentin is an intermediate filament protein that plays a role in cell processes, including cell migration, cell shape and plasticity, or organelle anchorage. However, studies from over the last quarter-century revealed that vimentin can be expressed at the cell surface and even secreted and that its implications in cell physiology largely exceed structural and cytoskeletal functions. Consequently, vimentin contributes to several pathophysiological conditions such as cancer, autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, or infection. In this review, we aimed at covering these various roles and highlighting vimentin implications in the immune response. We also provide an overview of how some microbes including bacteria and viruses have acquired the ability to circumvent vimentin functions in order to interfere with host responses and promote their uptake, persistence, and egress from host cells. Lastly, we discuss the therapeutic approaches associated with vimentin targeting, leading to several beneficial effects such as preventing infection, limiting inflammatory responses, or the progression of cancerous events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Arrindell
- Aix Marseille Univ, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Microbes Evolution Phylogeny and Infections (MEPHI), Marseille, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU)-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Benoit Desnues
- Aix Marseille Univ, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Microbes Evolution Phylogeny and Infections (MEPHI), Marseille, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU)-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
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9
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Nishie T, Ohta Y, Shirai E, Higaki S, Shimozawa N, Narita K, Kawaguchi K, Tanaka H, Mori C, Tanaka T, Hirabayashi M, Suemori H, Kurisaki A, Tooyama I, Asano S, Takeda S, Takada T. Identification of TEKTIN1-expressing multiciliated cells during spontaneous differentiation of non-human primate embryonic stem cells. Genes Cells 2023. [PMID: 37186436 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.13031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Tektins are a group of microtubule-stabilizing proteins necessary for cilia and flagella assembly. TEKTIN1 (TEKT1) is used as a sperm marker for monitoring germ cell differentiation in embryonic stem (ES) and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. Although upregulation of TEKT1 has been reported during spontaneous differentiation of ES and iPS cells, it is unclear which cells express TEKT1. To identify TEKT1-expressing cells, we established an ES cell line derived from cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis), which expresses Venus controlled by the TEKT1 promoter. Venus expression was detected at 5 weeks of differentiation on the surface of the embryoid body (EB), and it gradually increased with the concomitant formation of a leash-like structure at the EB periphery. Motile cilia were observed on the surface of the Venus-positive leash-like structure after 8 weeks of differentiation. The expression of cilia markers as well as TEKT1-5 and 9 + 2 microtubule structures, which are characteristic of motile cilia, were detected in Venus-positive cells. These results demonstrated that TEKT1-expressing cells are multiciliated epithelial-like cells that form a leash-like structure during the spontaneous differentiation of ES and iPS cells. These findings will provide a new research strategy for studying cilia biology, including ciliogenesis and ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Nishie
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Yoshio Ohta
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Emi Shirai
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Shogo Higaki
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Shimozawa
- Tsukuba Primate Research Center, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Keishi Narita
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Kotoku Kawaguchi
- Department of Molecular Physiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Tanaka
- Department of Anatomy, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chika Mori
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Taiga Tanaka
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Masumi Hirabayashi
- Center for Genetic Analysis of Behavior, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Suemori
- Center for Human ES Cell Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akira Kurisaki
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara, Japan
| | - Ikuo Tooyama
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center and Medical Innovation Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Shinji Asano
- Department of Molecular Physiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Sén Takeda
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
- Department of Anatomy, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuyuki Takada
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
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10
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Pal D, De K, Yates TB, Kolape J, Muchero W. Mutating novel interaction sites in NRP1 reduces SARS-CoV-2 spike protein internalization. iScience 2023; 26:106274. [PMID: 36910328 PMCID: PMC9957656 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus has become a severe global health problem because of its rapid spread. Both Ace2 and NRP1 provide initial viral binding sites for SARS-CoV-2. Here, we show that cysteine residues located in the vestigial plasminogen-apple-nematode (PAN) domain of NRP1 are necessary for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein internalization. Mutating novel cysteine residues in the PAN altered NRP1 stability and downstream activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway and impaired its interaction with the spike protein. This resulted in a significant reduction in spike protein abundance in Vero-E6 cells for the original, alpha, and delta SARS-CoV-2 variants even in the presence of the Ace2. Moreover, mutating these cysteine residues in NRP1 significantly lowered its association with Plexin-A1. As the spike protein is a critical component for targeted therapy, our biochemical study may represent a distinct mechanism to develop a path for future therapeutic discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debjani Pal
- Radioisotope Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
- Bioscience Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Kuntal De
- Bioscience Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Timothy B. Yates
- Bioscience Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
- Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Jaydeep Kolape
- Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Wellington Muchero
- Bioscience Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
- Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
- Corresponding author
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11
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Mironov AA, Savin MA, Beznoussenko GV. COVID-19 Biogenesis and Intracellular Transport. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054523. [PMID: 36901955 PMCID: PMC10002980 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. The structure of SARS-CoV-2 and most of its proteins of have been deciphered. SARS-CoV-2 enters cells through the endocytic pathway and perforates the endosomes' membranes, and its (+) RNA appears in the cytosol. Then, SARS-CoV-2 starts to use the protein machines of host cells and their membranes for its biogenesis. SARS-CoV-2 generates a replication organelle in the reticulo-vesicular network of the zippered endoplasmic reticulum and double membrane vesicles. Then, viral proteins start to oligomerize and are subjected to budding within the ER exit sites, and its virions are passed through the Golgi complex, where the proteins are subjected to glycosylation and appear in post-Golgi carriers. After their fusion with the plasma membrane, glycosylated virions are secreted into the lumen of airways or (seemingly rarely) into the space between epithelial cells. This review focuses on the biology of SARS-CoV-2's interactions with cells and its transport within cells. Our analysis revealed a significant number of unclear points related to intracellular transport in SARS-CoV-2-infected cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A. Mironov
- Department of Cell Biology, IFOM ETS—The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello, 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Maksim A. Savin
- The Department for Welding Production and Technology of Constructional Materials, Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Komsomolsky Prospekt, 29, 614990 Perm, Russia
| | - Galina V. Beznoussenko
- Department of Cell Biology, IFOM ETS—The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello, 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
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12
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Ise H, Araki Y, Song I, Akatsuka G. N-acetylglucosamine-bearing polymers mimicking O-GlcNAc-modified proteins elicit anti-fibrotic activities in myofibroblasts and activated stellate cells. Glycobiology 2023; 33:17-37. [PMID: 36190502 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwac067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc)-modified proteins are post-translationally modified with GlcNAc conjugated to serine and threonine residues. This modification is associated with various physiological functions such as serine and threonine phosphorylation and Notch signaling. Here, we demonstrated that O-GlcNAc-modified proteins leaked from dead cells and GlcNAc-bearing polymers mimicking the multivalent GlcNAc moiety of these proteins induced anti-fibrotic activities, such as the suppression of α-smooth muscle actin and collagen and the induction of matrix metalloprotease 1 in myofibroblasts. We have previously reported that O-GlcNAc-modified proteins and GlcNAc-bearing polymers could interact with cell surface vimentin and desmin. In the current study, it was demonstrated that a multivalent GlcNAc moiety structure of these molecules activated PI3K/Akt and p38MAPK pathway and elicited these anti-fibrotic activities in myofibroblasts by interacting with cell surface vimentin. Since the interaction of O-GlcNAc-modified proteins with desmin was observed in the fibrotic liver of carbon tetrachloride-treated mice via an in situ proximity ligation assay, it was assumed that the activated stellate cells could bind to the O-GlcNAc-modified proteins from the damaged hepatocytes. In addition, the administration of anti-O-GlcNAc antibody to inhibit the interaction exacerbated liver fibrosis in the mice. Moreover, administration of the GlcNAc-bearing polymers into carbon tetrachloride-treated mice could ameliorate liver fibrosis. Thus, O-GlcNAc-modified proteins leaked from dead cells can interact with myofibroblasts and activated stellate cells and function as fibrosis suppressors. Moreover, we anticipate that GlcNAc-bearing polymers mimicking O-GlcNAc-modified proteins will be applied as novel therapeutic tools for fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirohiko Ise
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yusaku Araki
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Inu Song
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Gen Akatsuka
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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13
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Xing Y, Zhang Q, Jiu Y. Coronavirus and the Cytoskeleton of Virus-Infected Cells. Subcell Biochem 2023; 106:333-364. [PMID: 38159233 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-40086-5_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The cytoskeleton, which includes actin filaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments, is one of the most important networks in the cell and undertakes many fundamental life activities. Among them, actin filaments are mainly responsible for maintaining cell shape and mediating cell movement, microtubules are in charge of coordinating all cargo transport within the cell, and intermediate filaments are mainly thought to guard against external mechanical pressure. In addition to this, cytoskeleton networks are also found to play an essential role in multiple viral infections. Due to the COVID-19 epidemic, including SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, so many variants have caused wide public concern, that any virus infection can potentially bring great harm to human beings and society. Therefore, it is of great importance to study coronavirus infection and develop antiviral drugs and vaccines. In this chapter, we summarize in detail how the cytoskeleton responds and participates in coronavirus infection by analyzing the possibility of the cytoskeleton and its related proteins as antiviral targets, thereby providing ideas for finding more effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Xing
- Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection (Formerly Institut Pasteur of Shanghai), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Unit of Cell Biology and Imaging Study of Pathogen Host Interaction, The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaming Jiu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection (Formerly Institut Pasteur of Shanghai), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Unit of Cell Biology and Imaging Study of Pathogen Host Interaction, The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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14
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Harris J, Borg NA. The multifaceted roles of NLRP3-modulating proteins in virus infection. Front Immunol 2022; 13:987453. [PMID: 36110852 PMCID: PMC9468583 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.987453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The innate immune response to viruses is critical for the correct establishment of protective adaptive immunity. Amongst the many pathways involved, the NLRP3 [nucleotide-binding oligomerisation domain (NOD)-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3)] inflammasome has received considerable attention, particularly in the context of immunity and pathogenesis during infection with influenza A (IAV) and SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19. Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome results in the secretion of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18, commonly coupled with pyroptotic cell death. While this mechanism is protective and key to host defense, aberrant NLRP3 inflammasome activation causes a hyperinflammatory response and excessive release of cytokines, both locally and systemically. Here, we discuss key molecules in the NLRP3 pathway that have also been shown to have significant roles in innate and adaptive immunity to viruses, including DEAD box helicase X-linked (DDX3X), vimentin and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF). We also discuss the clinical opportunities to suppress NLRP3-mediated inflammation and reduce disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Harris
- Cell Biology Assays Team, Biomedical Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Inflammatory diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Natalie A. Borg
- Immunity and Immune Evasion Laboratory, Chronic Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases Research, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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15
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Suprewicz Ł, Swoger M, Gupta S, Piktel E, Byfield FJ, Iwamoto DV, Germann D, Reszeć J, Marcińczyk N, Carroll RJ, Janmey PA, Schwarz JM, Bucki R, Patteson AE. Extracellular Vimentin as a Target Against SARS-CoV-2 Host Cell Invasion. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2105640. [PMID: 34866333 PMCID: PMC9252327 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202105640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Infection of human cells by pathogens, including SARS-CoV-2, typically proceeds by cell surface binding to a crucial receptor. The primary receptor for SARS-CoV-2 is the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), yet new studies reveal the importance of additional extracellular co-receptors that mediate binding and host cell invasion by SARS-CoV-2. Vimentin is an intermediate filament protein that is increasingly recognized as being present on the extracellular surface of a subset of cell types, where it can bind to and facilitate pathogens' cellular uptake. Biophysical and cell infection studies are done to determine whether vimentin might bind SARS-CoV-2 and facilitate its uptake. Dynamic light scattering shows that vimentin binds to pseudovirus coated with the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, and antibodies against vimentin block in vitro SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus infection of ACE2-expressing cells. The results are consistent with a model in which extracellular vimentin acts as a co-receptor for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein with a binding affinity less than that of the spike protein with ACE2. Extracellular vimentin may thus serve as a critical component of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-ACE2 complex in mediating SARS-CoV-2 cell entry, and vimentin-targeting agents may yield new therapeutic strategies for preventing and slowing SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Suprewicz
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Poland
| | - Maxx Swoger
- Physics Department and BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University
| | - Sarthak Gupta
- Physics Department and BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University
| | - Ewelina Piktel
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Poland
| | - Fitzroy J. Byfield
- Institute for Medicine and Engineering and Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Daniel V. Iwamoto
- Institute for Medicine and Engineering and Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Danielle Germann
- Physics Department and BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University
| | - Joanna Reszeć
- Department of Medical Pathomorphology, Medical University of Białystok, PL-15269 Białystok, Poland
| | - Natalia Marcińczyk
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | | | - Paul A. Janmey
- Institute for Medicine and Engineering and Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania
| | - J. M. Schwarz
- Physics Department and BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University
- Indian Creek Farm, Ithaca, NY
| | - Robert Bucki
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Poland
- Institute for Medicine and Engineering and Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania
- Co-Corresponding authors: Robert Bucki: ; Alison E. Patteson:
| | - Alison E. Patteson
- Physics Department and BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University
- Co-Corresponding authors: Robert Bucki: ; Alison E. Patteson:
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