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Conner LM, Goedert D, Fitzpatrick SW, Fearnley A, Gallagher EL, Peterman JD, Forgione ME, Kokosinska S, Hamilton M, Masala LA, Merola N, Rico H, Samma E, Brady SP. Population origin and heritable effects mediate road salt toxicity and thermal stress in an amphibian. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 357:141978. [PMID: 38608774 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Human impacts on wild populations are numerous and extensive, degrading habitats and causing population declines across taxa. Though these impacts are often studied individually, wild populations typically face suites of stressors acting concomitantly, compromising the fitness of individuals and populations in ways poorly understood and not easily predicted by the effects of any single stressor. Developing understanding of the effects of multiple stressors and their potential interactions remains a critical challenge in environmental biology. Here, we focus on assessing the impacts of two prominent stressors associated with anthropogenic activities that affect many organisms across the planet - elevated salinity (e.g., from road de-icing salt) and temperature (e.g. from climate change). We examined a suite of physiological traits and components of fitness across populations of wood frogs originating from ponds that differ in their proximity to roads and thus their legacy of exposure to pollution from road salt. When experimentally exposed to road salt, wood frogs showed reduced survival (especially those from ponds adjacent to roads), divergent developmental rates, and reduced longevity. Family-level effects mediated these outcomes, but high salinity generally eroded family-level variance. When combined, exposure to both temperature and salt resulted in very low survival, and this effect was strongest in roadside populations. Taken together, these results suggest that temperature is an important stressor capable of exacerbating impacts from a prominent contaminant confronting many freshwater organisms in salinized habitats. More broadly, it appears likely that toxicity might often be underestimated in the absence of multi-stressor approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Conner
- Southern Connecticut State University, Biology Department, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Debora Goedert
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sarah W Fitzpatrick
- W.K. Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, MI, USA; Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Amber Fearnley
- Southern Connecticut State University, Biology Department, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Emma L Gallagher
- Southern Connecticut State University, Biology Department, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jessica D Peterman
- Southern Connecticut State University, Biology Department, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mia E Forgione
- Southern Connecticut State University, Biology Department, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sophia Kokosinska
- Southern Connecticut State University, Biology Department, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Malik Hamilton
- Southern Connecticut State University, Biology Department, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lydia A Masala
- Southern Connecticut State University, Biology Department, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Neil Merola
- Southern Connecticut State University, Biology Department, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hennesy Rico
- Southern Connecticut State University, Biology Department, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Eman Samma
- Southern Connecticut State University, Biology Department, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Steven P Brady
- Southern Connecticut State University, Biology Department, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Lorrain-Soligon L, Bizon T, Robin F, Jankovic M, Brischoux F. Variations of salinity during reproduction and development affect ontogenetic trajectories in a coastal amphibian. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:11735-11748. [PMID: 38225486 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-31886-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Although coastal ecosystems are naturally submitted to temporal variations of salinity, salinization has been increasing over time threatening coastal biodiversity. Species that exploit such habitats can thus be exposed to brackish water at different life stages. However, the impacts of variations of salinity on wildlife remain poorly understood. This is particularly true for coastal amphibians, due to the strong dependency of early life stages (embryos and larvae) on aquatic environments. In order to investigate the effect of salinity during egg laying and embryonic and larval development of coastal amphibians, we used a full-factorial design to expose reproductive adults, eggs, and larvae of coastal spined toads (Bufo spinosus) to fresh (0 g.l-1) or brackish water (4 g.l-1). At egg laying, we evaluated parental investment in reproduction. During embryonic and larval development, we assessed effects on survival, development, and growth. We highlighted strong effects of environmental salinity on reproduction (reduced egg laying time, marginally reduced egg size, and reduced investment in reproduction). Responses to salinity were highly dependent on the developmental stages of exposure (stronger effects when individuals were exposed during embryonic development). These effects carried over when exposure occurred at egg laying or during embryonic development, highlighting the importance of the environmental conditions during early life on ontogenetic trajectories. We also highlighted partial compensation when individuals were transferred back to freshwater. Whether the magnitude of these responses can allow coastal biodiversity to overcome the observed detrimental effects of salinization remain to be assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Lorrain-Soligon
- UMR 7372: Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé (CEBC) - CNRS - La Rochelle Université, 405 route de Prissé la Charrière, 79360, Villiers en Bois, France.
| | - Timothé Bizon
- UMR 7372: Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé (CEBC) - CNRS - La Rochelle Université, 405 route de Prissé la Charrière, 79360, Villiers en Bois, France
| | - Frédéric Robin
- LPO France, Fonderies Royales, 17300, Rochefort, France
- Réserve naturelle du marais d'Yves LPO, Ferme de la belle espérance, 17340, Yves, France
| | - Marko Jankovic
- Réserve naturelle du marais d'Yves LPO, Ferme de la belle espérance, 17340, Yves, France
| | - François Brischoux
- UMR 7372: Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé (CEBC) - CNRS - La Rochelle Université, 405 route de Prissé la Charrière, 79360, Villiers en Bois, France
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Alves-Ferreira G, Katzenberger M, Fava FG, Costa RN, Carilo Filho LM, Solé M. Roundup Original DI® and thermal stress affect survival, morphology and thermal tolerance in tadpoles of Boana faber (Hylidae, Anura). ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 32:93-101. [PMID: 36653510 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-023-02622-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In amphibians, stressful environments can lead to accelerated metamorphosis at the expense of total length, resulting in the occurrence of morphological abnormalities. Many studies have linked the occurrence of these phenomena to the pollution of habitats by pesticides and thermal stress. Here, we assessed how exposure to Roundup Original DI® and higher constant temperatures affect the survival of Boana faber tadpoles and estimate the CL5096hs for the population. In addition, we evaluated how exposure to Roundup affects larval growth, morphology and thermal tolerance. Our findings suggest that even at sublethal doses, Roundup Original DI® may affect the survival of Boana faber larvae. There also appears to be an additive effect between Roundup and temperature increase on larval survival, however, we need to further explore this point to determine a pattern, proving to be a promising issue to be investigated in the future. We observed effects of chronic exposure to the herbicide formulation on the morphology and growth of the tadpoles, resulting in a reduction in total length and differences in the shape of the larvae. Although we did not recover any direct effects of herbicide exposure on CTMax, we did observe an upward trend in CTMax for tadpoles exposed to Roundup. Understanding how anthropogenic changes affect anuran persistence is fundamental for the management and conservation of the species and can be considered an initial step toward the formulation of legislations that regulate the use of herbicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Alves-Ferreira
- Tropical Herpetology Lab, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação da Biodiversidade, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brasil.
- Kunhã Asé Network of Women in Science, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil.
| | - Marco Katzenberger
- Laboratório de Bioinformática e Biologia Evolutiva, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 - Cidade Universitária, CEP 50670-901, Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil
| | - Fernanda Guimarães Fava
- Tropical Herpetology Lab, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação da Biodiversidade, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brasil
| | - Renan Nunes Costa
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais, Praça dos Estudantes 23, Santa Emília, CEP 36800-000, Carangola, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Leildo Machado Carilo Filho
- Tropical Herpetology Lab, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brasil
| | - Mirco Solé
- Tropical Herpetology Lab, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação da Biodiversidade, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brasil
- Tropical Herpetology Lab, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brasil
- Herpetology Section, Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, 53113, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
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Dahrouge NC, Rittenhouse TAG. Variable temperature regimes and wetland salinity reduce performance of juvenile wood frogs. Oecologia 2022; 199:1021-1033. [PMID: 35984505 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-022-05243-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
On a changing planet, amphibians must respond to weather events shifting in frequency and magnitude, and to how those temperature and precipitation changes interact with other anthropogenic disturbances that modify amphibian habitat. To understand how drastic changes in environmental conditions affect wood frog tadpoles, we tested five temperature manipulations, including Ambient (water temperatures tracking daily air temperatures), Elevated (+ 3 °C above ambient), Nightly (removal of nightly lows), Spike (+ 6 °C above ambient every third week), and Flux (alternating ambient and + 3 °C weekly) crossed with Low Salt (specific conductivity: 109-207 µS-cm) and High Salt (1900-2000 µS-cm). We replicated each of the ten resulting treatments four times. High-salinity conditions produced larger metamorphs than low-salinity conditions. Tadpole survival was reduced only by the Spike treatment (P = 0.017). Elevated temperatures did not shorten larval periods; time to metamorphosis did not differ among temperature treatments (P = 0.328). We retained 135 recently metamorphosed frogs in outdoor terrestrial enclosures for 10 months to investigate larval environment carryover effects. Juvenile frogs grew larger in low-density terrestrial enclosures than high density (P = 0.015) and frogs from Ambient Low Salt larval conditions grew and survived better than frogs from manipulated larval conditions. Frogs from High Salt larval conditions had lower survival than frogs from Low Salt conditions. Our results suggest that anthropogenic disturbances to larval environmental conditions can affect both larval and post-metamorphic individuals, with detrimental carryover effects of high-salinity larval conditions not emerging until the juvenile life stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole C Dahrouge
- Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, Wildlife and Fisheries Conservation Center, University of Connecticut, 1376 Storrs Road, Unit 4087, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA.
| | - Tracy A G Rittenhouse
- Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, Wildlife and Fisheries Conservation Center, University of Connecticut, 1376 Storrs Road, Unit 4087, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
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