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Chen L, Yu C, Dong J, Han Y, Huang H, Li W, Zhang Y, Tan X, Qiu J. Seawater electrolysis for fuels and chemicals production: fundamentals, achievements, and perspectives. Chem Soc Rev 2024. [PMID: 38855878 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00822c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Seawater electrolysis for the production of fuels and chemicals involved in onshore and offshore plants powered by renewable energies offers a promising avenue and unique advantages for energy and environmental sustainability. Nevertheless, seawater electrolysis presents long-term challenges and issues, such as complex composition, potential side reactions, deposition of and poisoning by microorganisms and metal ions, as well as corrosion, thus hindering the rapid development of seawater electrolysis technology. This review focuses on the production of value-added fuels (hydrogen and beyond) and fine chemicals through seawater electrolysis, as a promising step towards sustainable energy development and carbon neutrality. The principle of seawater electrolysis and related challenges are first introduced, and the redox reaction mechanisms of fuels and chemicals are summarized. Strategies for operating anodes and cathodes including the development and application of chloride- and impurity-resistant electrocatalysts/membranes are reviewed. We comprehensively summarize the production of fuels and chemicals (hydrogen, carbon monoxide, sulfur, ammonia, etc.) at the cathode and anode via seawater electrolysis, and propose other potential strategies for co-producing fine chemicals, even sophisticated and electronic chemicals. Seawater electrolysis can drive the oxidation and upgrading of industrial pollutants or natural organics into value-added chemicals or degrade them into harmless substances, which would be meaningful for environmental protection. Finally, the perspective and prospects are outlined to address the challenges and expand the application of seawater electrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Chang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Junting Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Yingnan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Hongling Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Wenbin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Yafang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Xinyi Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Jieshan Qiu
- State Key Lab of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
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2
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He D, Adachi K, Hashizume D, Nakamura R. Copper sulfide mineral performs non-enzymatic anaerobic ammonium oxidation through a hydrazine intermediate. Nat Chem 2024:10.1038/s41557-024-01537-6. [PMID: 38789556 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-024-01537-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox)-the biological process that activates ammonium with nitrite-is responsible for a significant fraction of N2 production in marine environments. Despite decades of biochemical research, however, no synthetic models capable of anammox have been identified. Here we report that a copper sulfide mineral replicates the entire biological anammox pathway catalysed by three metalloenzymes. We identified a copper-nitrosonium {CuNO}10 complex, formed by nitrite reduction, as the oxidant for ammonium oxidation that leads to heterolytic N-N bond formation from nitrite and ammonium. Similar to the biological process, N2 production was mediated by the highly reactive intermediate hydrazine, one of the most potent reductants in nature. We also found another pathway involving N-N bond heterocoupling for the formation of hybrid N2O, a potent greenhouse gas with a unique isotope composition. Our study represents a rare example of non-enzymatic anammox reaction that interconnects six redox states in the abiotic nitrogen cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoping He
- Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan.
- Biofunctional Catalyst Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Kiyohiro Adachi
- Materials Characterization Support Team, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hashizume
- Materials Characterization Support Team, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ryuhei Nakamura
- Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan.
- Biofunctional Catalyst Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Saitama, Japan.
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3
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Qian SJ, Cao H, Wang YG, Li J. Controlling the Selectivity of Electrocatalytic NO Reduction through pH and Potential Regulation on Single-Atom Catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:12530-12537. [PMID: 38664859 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c00827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Electrocatalytic nitrogen oxide reduction (NOxRR) emerges as an effective way to bring the disrupted nitrogen cycle back into balance. However, efficient and selective NOxRR is still challenging partly due to the complex reaction mechanism, which is influenced by experimental conditions such as pH and electrode potential. Here, we have studied the enzyme-inspired iron single-atom catalysts (Fe-N4-C) and identified that the selectivity roots in the first step of the nitric oxide reduction. Combining the constrained molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with the quasi-equilibrium approximation, the effects of electrode potential and pH on the reaction free energy were considered explicitly and predicted quantitatively. Systematic heat maps for selectivity between single-N and N-N-coupled products in a wide pH-potential space are further developed, which have reproduced the experimental observations of NOxRR. The approach presented in this study allows for a realistic simulation of the electrocatalytic interfaces and a quantitative evaluation of interfacial effects. Our results in this study provide valuable and straightforward guidance for selective NOx reduction toward desired products by precisely designing the experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Jie Qian
- Department of Chemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Cao
- Department of Chemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Gang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
- Department of Chemistry and Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare-Earth Materials of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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4
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Wang D, Lu XF, Luan D, Lou XWD. Selective Electrocatalytic Conversion of Nitric Oxide to High Value-Added Chemicals. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2312645. [PMID: 38271637 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The artificial disturbance in the nitrogen cycle has necessitated an urgent need for nitric oxide (NO) removal. Electrochemical technologies for NO conversion have gained increasing attention in recent years. This comprehensive review presents the recent advancements in selective electrocatalytic conversion of NO to high value-added chemicals, with specific emphasis on catalyst design, electrolyte composition, mass diffusion, and adsorption energies of key intermediate species. Furthermore, the review explores the synergistic electrochemical co-electrolysis of NO with specific carbon source molecules, enabling the synthesis of a range of valuable chemicals with C─N bonds. It also provides in-depth insights into the intricate reaction pathways and underlying mechanisms, offering valuable perspectives on the challenges and prospects of selective NO electrolysis. By advancing comprehension and fostering awareness of nitrogen cycle balance, this review contributes to the development of efficient and sustainable electrocatalytic systems for the selective synthesis of valuable chemicals from NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Xue Feng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Deyan Luan
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Xiong Wen David Lou
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
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5
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Xiong Y, Wang Y, Zhou J, Liu F, Hao F, Fan Z. Electrochemical Nitrate Reduction: Ammonia Synthesis and the Beyond. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2304021. [PMID: 37294062 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Natural nitrogen cycle has been severely disrupted by anthropogenic activities. The overuse of N-containing fertilizers induces the increase of nitrate level in surface and ground waters, and substantial emission of nitrogen oxides causes heavy air pollution. Nitrogen gas, as the main component of air, has been used for mass ammonia production for over a century, providing enough nutrition for agriculture to support world population increase. In the last decade, researchers have made great efforts to develop ammonia processes under ambient conditions to combat the intensive energy consumption and high carbon emission associated with the Haber-Bosch process. Among different techniques, electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (NO3RR) can achieve nitrate removal and ammonia generation simultaneously using renewable electricity as the power, and there is an exponential growth of studies in this research direction. Here, a timely and comprehensive review on the important progresses of electrochemical NO3RR, covering the rational design of electrocatalysts, emerging CN coupling reactions, and advanced energy conversion and storage systems is provided. Moreover, future perspectives are proposed to accelerate the industrialized NH3 production and green synthesis of chemicals, leading to a sustainable nitrogen cycle via prosperous N-based electrochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuecheng Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yunhao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Fu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Fengkun Hao
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Zhanxi Fan
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
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6
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Yang T, Qu J, Yang X, Cai Y, Hu J. Recent advances in ambient-stable black phosphorus materials for artificial catalytic nitrogen cycle in environment and energy. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 345:123522. [PMID: 38331240 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Nitrogen cycle is crucial for the Earth's ecosystem and human-nature coexistence. However, excessive fertilizer use and industrial contamination disrupt this balance. Semiconductor-based artificial nitrogen cycle strategies are being actively researched to address this issue. Black phosphorus (BP) exhibits remarkable performance and significant potential in this area due to its unique physical and chemical properties. Nevertheless, its practical application is hindered by ambient instability. This review covers the synthesis methods of BP materials, analyzes their instability factors under environmental conditions, discusses stability improvement strategies, and provides an overview of the applications of ambient-stable BP materials in nitrogen cycle, including N2 fixation, NO3- reduction, NOx removal and nitrides sensing. The review concludes by summarizing the challenges and prospects of BP materials in the nitrogen cycle, offering valuable guidance to researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyu Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Jiafu Qu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Xiaogang Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Yahui Cai
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Jundie Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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7
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Liao W, Wang J, Ni G, Liu K, Liu C, Chen S, Wang Q, Chen Y, Luo T, Wang X, Wang Y, Li W, Chan TS, Ma C, Li H, Liang Y, Liu W, Fu J, Xi B, Liu M. Sustainable conversion of alkaline nitrate to ammonia at activities greater than 2 A cm -2. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1264. [PMID: 38341446 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45534-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Nitrate (NO3‒) pollution poses significant threats to water quality and global nitrogen cycles. Alkaline electrocatalytic NO3‒ reduction reaction (NO3RR) emerges as an attractive route for enabling NO3‒ removal and sustainable ammonia (NH3) synthesis. However, it suffers from insufficient proton (H+) supply in high pH conditions, restricting NO3‒-to-NH3 activity. Herein, we propose a halogen-mediated H+ feeding strategy to enhance the alkaline NO3RR performance. Our platform achieves near-100% NH3 Faradaic efficiency (pH = 14) with a current density of 2 A cm-2 and enables an over 99% NO3--to-NH3 conversion efficiency. We also convert NO3‒ to high-purity NH4Cl with near-unity efficiency, suggesting a practical approach to valorizing pollutants into valuable ammonia products. Theoretical simulations and in situ experiments reveal that Cl-coordination endows a shifted d-band center of Pd atoms to construct local H+-abundant environments, through arousing dangling O-H water dissociation and fast *H desorption, for *NO intermediate hydrogenation and finally effective NO3‒-to-NH3 conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanru Liao
- Hunan Joint International Research Center for Carbon Dioxide Resource Utilization, State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Jun Wang
- Hunan Joint International Research Center for Carbon Dioxide Resource Utilization, State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Ganghai Ni
- Hunan Joint International Research Center for Carbon Dioxide Resource Utilization, State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Kang Liu
- Hunan Joint International Research Center for Carbon Dioxide Resource Utilization, State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Changxu Liu
- Centre for Metamaterial Research & Innovation, Department of Engineering, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QF, UK
| | - Shanyong Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Qiyou Wang
- Hunan Joint International Research Center for Carbon Dioxide Resource Utilization, State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Yingkang Chen
- Hunan Joint International Research Center for Carbon Dioxide Resource Utilization, State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Tao Luo
- Hunan Joint International Research Center for Carbon Dioxide Resource Utilization, State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Xiqing Wang
- Hunan Joint International Research Center for Carbon Dioxide Resource Utilization, State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Yanqiu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Wenzhang Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Ting-Shan Chan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 300092, Taiwan
| | - Chao Ma
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Hongmei Li
- Hunan Joint International Research Center for Carbon Dioxide Resource Utilization, State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Ying Liang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, PR China
| | - Weizhen Liu
- School of Environment and Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Junwei Fu
- Hunan Joint International Research Center for Carbon Dioxide Resource Utilization, State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China.
| | - Beidou Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, 100012, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Min Liu
- Hunan Joint International Research Center for Carbon Dioxide Resource Utilization, State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China.
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Wang Y, Xu Y, Cheng C, Zhang B, Zhang B, Yu Y. Phase-Regulated Active Hydrogen Behavior on Molybdenum Disulfide for Electrochemical Nitrate-to-Ammonia Conversion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202315109. [PMID: 38059554 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical reduction of nitrate waste is promising for environmental remediation and ammonia preparation. This process includes multiple hydrogenation steps, and thus the active hydrogen behavior on the surface of the catalyst is crucial. The crystal phase referred to the atomic arrangements in crystals has a great effect on active hydrogen, but the influence of the crystal phase on nitrate reduction is still unclear. Herein, enzyme-mimicking MoS2 in different crystal phases (1T and 2H) are used as models. The Faradaic efficiency of ammonia reaches ≈90 % over 1T-MoS2 , obviously outperforming that of 2H-MoS2 (27.31 %). In situ Raman spectra and theoretical calculations reveal that 1T-MoS2 produces more active hydrogen on edge S sites at a more positive potential and conducts an effortless pathway from nitrate to ammonia instead of multiple energetically demanding hydrogenation steps (such as *HNO to *HNOH) performed on 2H-MoS2 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yue Xu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Chuanqi Cheng
- Institute of New Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University Tianjin, 300072 (China)
| | - Baoshun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Tianjin University-Asia Silicon Joint Research Center of Ammonia-Hydrogen New Energy, Qinghai, 810007, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yifu Yu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Tianjin University-Asia Silicon Joint Research Center of Ammonia-Hydrogen New Energy, Qinghai, 810007, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, China
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9
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Zhou J, Xiong Y, Sun M, Xu Z, Wang Y, Lu P, Liu F, Hao F, Feng T, Ma Y, Yin J, Ye C, Chen B, Xi S, Zhu Y, Huang B, Fan Z. Constructing molecule-metal relay catalysis over heterophase metallene for high-performance rechargeable zinc-nitrate/ethanol batteries. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2311149120. [PMID: 38064508 PMCID: PMC10723141 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2311149120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc-nitrate batteries can integrate energy supply, ammonia electrosynthesis, and sewage disposal into one electrochemical device. However, current zinc-nitrate batteries still severely suffer from the limited energy density and poor rechargeability. Here, we report the synthesis of tetraphenylporphyrin (tpp)-modified heterophase (amorphous/crystalline) rhodium-copper alloy metallenes (RhCu M-tpp). Using RhCu M-tpp as a bifunctional catalyst for nitrate reduction reaction (NO3RR) and ethanol oxidation reaction in neutral solution, a highly rechargeable and low-overpotential zinc-nitrate/ethanol battery is successfully constructed, which exhibits outstanding energy density of 117364.6 Wh kg-1cat, superior rate capability, excellent cycling stability of ~400 cycles, and potential ammonium acetate production. Ex/in situ experimental studies and theoretical calculations reveal that there is a molecule-metal relay catalysis in NO3RR over RhCu M-tpp that significantly facilitates the ammonia selectivity and reaction kinetics via a low energy barrier pathway. This work provides an effective design strategy of multifunctional metal-based catalysts toward the high-performance zinc-based hybrid energy systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon999077, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon999077, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang621900, China
| | - Yuecheng Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon999077, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon999077, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Mingzi Sun
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon999077, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Zhihang Xu
- Department of Applied Physics Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon999077, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Yunhao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon999077, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Pengyi Lu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon999077, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon999077, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Fu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon999077, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Fengkun Hao
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon999077, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Tianyi Feng
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon999077, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Yangbo Ma
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon999077, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Jinwen Yin
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon999077, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Chenliang Ye
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, China
| | - Biao Chen
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin300350, China
| | - Shibo Xi
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment, A*STAR, Singapore627833, Singapore
| | - Ye Zhu
- Department of Applied Physics Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon999077, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Bolong Huang
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon999077, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Zhanxi Fan
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon999077, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon999077, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen518057, China
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10
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Li L, Xiao J. Activity Trend and Selectivity of Electrochemical Ammonia Synthesis in Reverse Artificial Nitrogen Cycle. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202300593. [PMID: 37293693 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202300593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia is important for modern agriculture and food production as it is a major source of fertilizer. Electrochemical ammonia synthesis (EAS) with sustainable energy generated electricity and decentralized reactors has been considered as environmentally friendly process. Several nitrogen sources have been considered and intensively studied in experiments and computations. Recently, it has been proposed and demonstrated that nitrogen oxides (NOx ) electroreduction for selective ammonia production is feasible. Fundamental insights on experimental observation are necessary for more rational design of catalysts and reactors in the future. In this concept, we review the theoretical and computational insights of electrochemical nitrogen oxides reduction, particularly, the activity trend over diverse transition metal catalysts and products selectivity at varying potentials. Finally, we address the opportunities and challenges in the reverse artificial nitrogen cycle, as well as fundamental issues in electrochemical reaction modelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, China) E
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, China
| | - Jianping Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, China) E
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, China
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11
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Song M, Xing Y, Li Y, Liu D, Han E, Gao Y, Yang Z, Yang X, He Y. Fe and Cu Double-Doped Co 3O 4 Nanorod with Abundant Oxygen Vacancies: A High-Rate Electrocatalyst for Tandem Electroreduction of Nitrate to Ammonia. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:16641-16651. [PMID: 37738294 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (NO3RR) is an attractive green alternative to the conventional Haber-Bosch method for the synthesis of NH3. However, this reaction is a tandem process that involves multiple steps of electrons and protons, posing a significant challenge to the efficient synthesis of NH3. Herein, we report a high-rate NO3RR electrocatalyst of Fe and Cu double-doped Co3O4 nanorod (Fe1/Cu2-Co3O4) with abundant oxygen vacancies, where the Cu preferentially catalyzes the rapid conversion of NO3- to NO2- and the oxygen vacancy in the Co3O4 substrate can accelerate NO2- reduction to NH3. In addition, the introduction of Fe can efficiently capture atomic H* that promotes the dynamics of NO2- to NH3, improving Faradaic efficiency of the produced NH3. Controlled experimental results show that the optimal electrocatalyst of Fe1/Cu2-Co3O4 exhibits good performance with high conversion (93.39%), Faradaic efficiency (98.15%), and ammonia selectivity (98.19%), which is significantly better than other Co-based materials. This work provides guidance for the rational design of high-performance NO3RR catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maosen Song
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Yuxuan Xing
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Yudong Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Enshan Han
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Yang Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Ziyi Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Xiaohui Yang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Yanzhen He
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
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12
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Wang W, Sheng Y. Enhanced nitrogen removal in low-carbon saline wastewater by adding functional bacteria into Sesuvium portulacastrum constructed wetlands. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 263:115234. [PMID: 37418946 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Functional bacterial communities (FBC) have members of different taxonomic biochemical groups, such as N2-fixation, nitrification and denitrification. This study explored the mechanism of the FBC from an upflow three-dimensional biofilm electrode reactor on enhancing the nitrogen removal efficiencies in a Sesuvium potulacastum (S. potulacastum) constructed wetland. There were high abundances of denitrifying bacteria detected in the FBC, and they had potential metabolic processes for nitrogen reduction. In the constructed wetland, cellular nitrogen compounds of S. potulacastum were enriched by overexpressed differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and the napA, narG, nirK, nirS, qnorB, and NosZ genes related to the denitrification process had more copies under FBC treatment. Nitrogen metabolism in root bacterial communities (RBCs) was activated in the FBC group compared with the control group without FBC. Finally, these FBCs improved the removal efficiencies of DTN (dissolved total nitrogen), NO3¯-N, NO2¯-N, and NH4+-N by 84.37 %, 87.42 %, 67.51 %, and 92.57 %, respectively, and their final concentrations met the emission standards of China. These findings indicate that adding FBC into S. potulacastum-constructed wetlands would result in high nitrogen removal efficiencies from wastewater and have large potential applications in further water treatment technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Wang
- Research Center for Coastal Environment Engineering Technology of Shandong Province, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Yanqing Sheng
- Research Center for Coastal Environment Engineering Technology of Shandong Province, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, China.
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13
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Miller DM, Abels K, Guo J, Williams KS, Liu MJ, Tarpeh WA. Electrochemical Wastewater Refining: A Vision for Circular Chemical Manufacturing. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:19422-19439. [PMID: 37642501 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c01142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater is an underleveraged resource; it contains pollutants that can be transformed into valuable high-purity products. Innovations in chemistry and chemical engineering will play critical roles in valorizing wastewater to remediate environmental pollution, provide equitable access to chemical resources and services, and secure critical materials from diminishing feedstock availability. This perspective envisions electrochemical wastewater refining─the use of electrochemical processes to tune and recover specific products from wastewaters─as the necessary framework to accelerate wastewater-based electrochemistry to widespread practice. We define and prescribe a use-informed approach that simultaneously serves specific wastewater-pollutant-product triads and uncovers a mechanistic understanding generalizable to broad use cases. We use this approach to evaluate research needs in specific case studies of electrocatalysis, stoichiometric electrochemical conversions, and electrochemical separations. Finally, we provide rationale and guidance for intentionally expanding the electrochemical wastewater refining product portfolio. Wastewater refining will require a coordinated effort from multiple expertise areas to meet the urgent need of extracting maximal value from complex, variable, diverse, and abundant wastewater resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean M Miller
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Kristen Abels
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Jinyu Guo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Kindle S Williams
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Matthew J Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - William A Tarpeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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14
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Qin L, Sun F, Gong Z, Ma G, Chen Y, Tang Q, Qiao L, Wang R, Liu ZQ, Tang Z. Electrochemical NO 3- Reduction Catalyzed by Atomically Precise Ag 30Pd 4 Bimetallic Nanocluster: Synergistic Catalysis or Tandem Catalysis? ACS NANO 2023. [PMID: 37377221 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c03692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemically converting NO3- compounds into ammonia represents a sustainable route to remove industrial pollutants in wastewater and produce valuable chemicals. Bimetallic nanomaterials usually exhibit better catalytic performance than the monometallic counterparts, yet unveiling the reaction mechanism is extremely challenging. Herein, we report an atomically precise [Ag30Pd4 (C6H9)26](BPh4)2 (Ag30Pd4) nanocluster as a model catalyst toward the electrochemical NO3- reduction reaction (eNO3-RR) to elucidate the different role of the Ag and Pd site and unveil the comprehensive catalytic mechanism. Ag30Pd4 is the homoleptic alkynyl-protected superatom with 2 free electrons, and it has a Ag30Pd4 metal core where 4 Pd atoms are located at the subcenter of the metal core. Furthermore, Ag30Pd4 exhibits excellent performance toward eNO3-RR and robust stability for prolonged operation, and it can achieve the highest Faradaic efficiency of NH3 over 90%. In situ Fourier-transform infrared study revealed that a Ag site plays a more critical role in converting NO3- into NO2-, while the Pd site makes a major contribution to catalyze NO2- into NH3. The bimetallic nanocluster adopts a tandem catalytic mechanism rather than a synergistic catalytic effect in eNO3-RR. Such finding was further confirmed by density functional theory calculations, as they disclosed that Ag is the most preferable binding site for NO3-, which then binds a water molecule to release NO2-. Subsequently, NO2- can transfer to the vicinal exposed Pd site to promote NH3 formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubing Qin
- New Energy Research Institute, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Fang Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Zhiheng Gong
- New Energy Research Institute, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Guanyu Ma
- New Energy Research Institute, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yan Chen
- New Energy Research Institute, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qing Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Liang Qiao
- China Petrochemical Research Institute, PetroChina Company Limited, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Renheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Zhao-Qing Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials/Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, No. 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhenghua Tang
- New Energy Research Institute, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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