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Shibata T, Hattori N, Nishijo H, Kuroda S, Takakusaki K. Evolutionary origin of alpha rhythms in vertebrates. Front Behav Neurosci 2024; 18:1384340. [PMID: 38651071 PMCID: PMC11033391 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2024.1384340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this review extends beyond the traditional triune brain model, aiming to elucidate the evolutionary aspects of alpha rhythms in vertebrates. The forebrain, comprising the telencephalon (pallium) and diencephalon (thalamus, hypothalamus), is a common feature in the brains of all vertebrates. In mammals, evolution has prioritized the development of the forebrain, especially the neocortex, over the midbrain (mesencephalon) optic tectum, which serves as the prototype for the visual brain. This evolution enables mammals to process visual information in the retina-thalamus (lateral geniculate nucleus)-occipital cortex pathway. The origin of posterior-dominant alpha rhythms observed in mammals in quiet and dark environments is not solely attributed to cholinergic pontine nuclei cells functioning as a 10 Hz pacemaker in the brainstem. It also involves the ability of the neocortex's cortical layers to generate traveling waves of alpha rhythms with waxing and waning characteristics. The utilization of alpha rhythms might have facilitated the shift of attention from external visual inputs to internal cognitive processes as an adaptation to thrive in dark environments. The evolution of alpha rhythms might trace back to the dinosaur era, suggesting that enhanced cortical connectivity linked to alpha bands could have facilitated the development of nocturnal awakening in the ancestors of mammals. In fishes, reptiles, and birds, the pallium lacks a cortical layer. However, there is a lack of research clearly observing dominant alpha rhythms in the pallium or organized nuclear structures in fishes, reptiles, or birds. Through convergent evolution, the pallium of birds, which exhibits cortex-like fiber architecture, has not only acquired advanced cognitive and motor abilities but also the capability to generate low-frequency oscillations (4-25 Hz) resembling alpha rhythms. This suggests that the origins of alpha rhythms might lie in the pallium of a common ancestor of birds and mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Shibata
- Department of Neurosurgery, Toyama University Hospital, Toyama, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Toyama Nishi General Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Noriaki Hattori
- Department of Rehabilitation, Toyama University Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hisao Nishijo
- Faculty of Human Sciences, University of East Asia, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kuroda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Toyama University Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kaoru Takakusaki
- The Research Center for Brain Function and Medical Engineering, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
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2
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Caffarra S, Kanopka K, Kruper J, Richie-Halford A, Roy E, Rokem A, Yeatman JD. Development of the Alpha Rhythm Is Linked to Visual White Matter Pathways and Visual Detection Performance. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e0684232023. [PMID: 38124006 PMCID: PMC11059423 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0684-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpha is the strongest electrophysiological rhythm in awake humans at rest. Despite its predominance in the EEG signal, large variations can be observed in alpha properties during development, with an increase in alpha frequency over childhood and adulthood. Here, we tested the hypothesis that these changes in alpha rhythm are related to the maturation of visual white matter pathways. We capitalized on a large diffusion MRI (dMRI)-EEG dataset (dMRI n = 2,747, EEG n = 2,561) of children and adolescents of either sex (age range, 5-21 years old) and showed that maturation of the optic radiation specifically accounts for developmental changes of alpha frequency. Behavioral analyses also confirmed that variations of alpha frequency are related to maturational changes in visual perception. The present findings demonstrate the close link between developmental variations in white matter tissue properties, electrophysiological responses, and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sendy Caffarra
- Division of Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford 94305, California
- Stanford University Graduate School of Education, Stanford 94305, California
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - Klint Kanopka
- Stanford University Graduate School of Education, Stanford 94305, California
| | - John Kruper
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle 91905, Washington
- eScience Institute, University of Washington, Seattle 98195-1570, Washington
| | - Adam Richie-Halford
- Division of Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford 94305, California
- Stanford University Graduate School of Education, Stanford 94305, California
| | - Ethan Roy
- Stanford University Graduate School of Education, Stanford 94305, California
| | - Ariel Rokem
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle 91905, Washington
- eScience Institute, University of Washington, Seattle 98195-1570, Washington
| | - Jason D Yeatman
- Division of Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford 94305, California
- Stanford University Graduate School of Education, Stanford 94305, California
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3
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Zammit N, Muscat R. Alpha/beta-gamma decoupling in methylphenidate medicated ADHD patients. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1267901. [PMID: 37841679 PMCID: PMC10570420 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1267901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
There is much interest to understand how different neural rhythms function, interact and are regulated. Here, we focus on WM delay gamma to investigate its coupling with alpha/beta rhythms and its neuromodulation by methylphenidate. We address this through the use of human EEG conducted in healthy and ADHD subjects which revealed ADHD-specific electrophysiological deficits and MPH-induced normalization of gamma amplitude and its coupling with alpha/beta rhythms. Decreased alpha/beta-gamma coupling is known to facilitate memory representations via disinhibition of gamma ensembles coding the maintained stimuli. Here, we present EEG evidence which suggests that these dynamics are sensitive to catecholaminergic neuromodulation. MPH decreased alpha/beta-gamma coupling and this was related to the increase in delay-relevant gamma activity evoked by the same drug. These results add further to the neuromodulatory findings that reflect an electrophysiological dimension to the well-known link between WM delay and catecholaminergic transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nowell Zammit
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Richard Muscat
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
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Traub RD, Whittington MA. Processing of cell assemblies in the lateral entorhinal cortex. Rev Neurosci 2022; 33:829-847. [PMID: 35447022 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2022-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
There is evidence that olfactory cortex responds to its afferent input with the generation of cell assemblies: collections of principal neurons that fire together over a time scale of tens of ms. If such assemblies form an odor representation, then a fundamental question is how each assembly then induces neuronal activity in downstream structures. We have addressed this question in a detailed model of superficial layers of lateral entorhinal cortex, a recipient of input from olfactory cortex and olfactory bulb. Our results predict that the response of the fan cell subpopulation can be approximated by a relatively simple Boolean process, somewhat along the lines of the McCulloch/Pitts scheme; this is the case because of the sparsity of recurrent excitation amongst fan cells. However, because of recurrent excitatory connections between layer 2 and layer 3 pyramidal cells, synaptic and probably also gap junctional, the response of pyramidal cell subnetworks cannot be so approximated. Because of the highly structured anatomy of entorhinal output projections, our model suggests that downstream targets of entorhinal cortex (dentate gyrus, hippocampal CA3, CA1, piriform cortex, olfactory bulb) receive differentially processed information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger D Traub
- AI Foundations, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Jang KI, Kim S, Lee C, Chae JH. Association between the loudness dependence of auditory evoked potentials and age in patients with schizophrenia and depression. J Int Med Res 2022; 50:3000605221109789. [PMID: 35808808 PMCID: PMC9274422 DOI: 10.1177/03000605221109789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Although serotonergic dysfunction is significantly associated with major
depressive disorder (MDD) and schizophrenia (SCZ), comparison of
serotonergic dysfunction in both diseases has received little attention.
Serotonin hypotheses have suggested diminished and elevated serotonin
activity in MDD and SCZ, respectively. However, the foundations underlying
these hypotheses are unclear regarding changes in serotonin
neurotransmission in the aging brain. The loudness dependence of auditory
evoked potentials (LDAEP) reflects serotonin neurotransmission. The present
study compared the LDAEP between patients with SCZ or MDD and healthy
controls (HCs). We further examined whether age was correlated with the
LDAEP and clinical symptoms. Methods This prospective clinical study included 105 patients with SCZ (n = 54) or
MDD (n = 51). Additionally, 35 HCs were recruited for this study. The LDAEP
was measured on the midline channels via 62 electroencephalography
channels. Results Patients with SCZ or MDD showed a significantly smaller mean LDAEP than those
in HCs. The LDAEP was positively correlated with age in patients with SCZ or
MDD. Conclusions Changes in central serotonergic activity could be indicated by evaluating the
LDAEP in patients with SCZ or MDD. Age-related reductions in serotonergic
activity may be screened using the LDAEP in patients with SCZ or MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuk-In Jang
- Cognitive Science Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute (KBRI), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungkean Kim
- Department of Human-Computer Interaction, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chany Lee
- Cognitive Science Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute (KBRI), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Ho Chae
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Heise KF, Rueda-Delgado L, Chalavi S, King BR, Monteiro TS, Edden RAE, Mantini D, Swinnen SP. The interaction between endogenous GABA, functional connectivity, and behavioral flexibility is critically altered with advanced age. Commun Biol 2022; 5:426. [PMID: 35523951 PMCID: PMC9076638 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03378-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The flexible adjustment of ongoing behavior challenges the nervous system’s dynamic control mechanisms and has shown to be specifically susceptible to age-related decline. Previous work links endogenous gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) with behavioral efficiency across perceptual and cognitive domains, with potentially the strongest impact on those behaviors that require a high level of dynamic control. Our analysis integrated behavior and modulation of interhemispheric phase-based connectivity during dynamic motor-state transitions with endogenous GABA concentration in adult human volunteers. We provide converging evidence for age-related differences in the preferred state of endogenous GABA concentration for more flexible behavior. We suggest that the increased interhemispheric connectivity observed in the older participants represents a compensatory neural mechanism caused by phase-entrainment in homotopic motor cortices. This mechanism appears to be most relevant in the presence of a less optimal tuning of the inhibitory tone as observed during healthy aging to uphold the required flexibility of behavioral action. Future work needs to validate the relevance of this interplay between neural connectivity and GABAergic inhibition for other domains of flexible human behavior. An integrated analysis of GABA concentration, interhemispheric phase-based connectivity behavior and in healthy human participants revealed a task-specific association between GABA concentration and motor-cortical connectivity. These results shed light on how GABA is involved in neural oscillations and behavioral performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirstin-Friederike Heise
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. .,KU Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Laura Rueda-Delgado
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, 2, Ireland
| | - Sima Chalavi
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,KU Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bradley R King
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,KU Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Health & Kinesiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Thiago Santos Monteiro
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,KU Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Richard A E Edden
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dante Mantini
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Brain Imaging and Neural Dynamics Research Group, IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, Venice, Italy
| | - Stephan P Swinnen
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,KU Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium
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Bârzan H, Ichim AM, Moca VV, Mureşan RC. Time-Frequency Representations of Brain Oscillations: Which One Is Better? Front Neuroinform 2022; 16:871904. [PMID: 35492077 PMCID: PMC9050353 DOI: 10.3389/fninf.2022.871904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain oscillations are thought to subserve important functions by organizing the dynamical landscape of neural circuits. The expression of such oscillations in neural signals is usually evaluated using time-frequency representations (TFR), which resolve oscillatory processes in both time and frequency. While a vast number of methods exist to compute TFRs, there is often no objective criterion to decide which one is better. In feature-rich data, such as that recorded from the brain, sources of noise and unrelated processes abound and contaminate results. The impact of these distractor sources is especially problematic, such that TFRs that are more robust to contaminants are expected to provide more useful representations. In addition, the minutiae of the techniques themselves impart better or worse time and frequency resolutions, which also influence the usefulness of the TFRs. Here, we introduce a methodology to evaluate the "quality" of TFRs of neural signals by quantifying how much information they retain about the experimental condition during visual stimulation and recognition tasks, in mice and humans, respectively. We used machine learning to discriminate between various experimental conditions based on TFRs computed with different methods. We found that various methods provide more or less informative TFRs depending on the characteristics of the data. In general, however, more advanced techniques, such as the superlet transform, seem to provide better results for complex time-frequency landscapes, such as those extracted from electroencephalography signals. Finally, we introduce a method based on feature perturbation that is able to quantify how much time-frequency components contribute to the correct discrimination among experimental conditions. The methodology introduced in the present study may be extended to other analyses of neural data, enabling the discovery of data features that are modulated by the experimental manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Bârzan
- Department of Theoretical and Experimental Neuroscience, Transylvanian Institute of Neuroscience, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informational Technologies, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ana-Maria Ichim
- Department of Theoretical and Experimental Neuroscience, Transylvanian Institute of Neuroscience, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informational Technologies, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Vasile Vlad Moca
- Department of Theoretical and Experimental Neuroscience, Transylvanian Institute of Neuroscience, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Raul Cristian Mureşan
- Department of Theoretical and Experimental Neuroscience, Transylvanian Institute of Neuroscience, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Larkum ME, Wu J, Duverdin SA, Gidon A. The guide to dendritic spikes of the mammalian cortex in vitro and in vivo. Neuroscience 2022; 489:15-33. [PMID: 35182699 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Half a century since their discovery by Llinás and colleagues, dendritic spikes have been observed in various neurons in different brain regions, from the neocortex and cerebellum to the basal ganglia. Dendrites exhibit a terrifically diverse but stereotypical repertoire of spikes, sometimes specific to subregions of the dendrite. Despite their prevalence, we only have a glimpse into their role in the behaving animal. This article aims to survey the full range of dendritic spikes found in excitatory and inhibitory neurons, compare them in vivo versus in vitro, and discuss new studies describing dendritic spikes in the human cortex. We focus on dendritic spikes in neocortical and hippocampal neurons and present a roadmap to identify and understand the broader role of dendritic spikes in single-cell computation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew E Larkum
- Institute for Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; NeuroCure Cluster, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Jiameng Wu
- Institute for Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah A Duverdin
- Institute for Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Gidon
- Institute for Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Houshmand Chatroudi A, Rostami R, Nasrabadi AM, Yotsumoto Y. Effect of inhibition indexed by auditory P300 on transmission of visual sensory information. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247416. [PMID: 33617549 PMCID: PMC7899349 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Early electroencephalographic studies that focused on finding brain correlates of psychic events led to the discovery of the P300. Since then, the P300 has become the focus of many basic and clinical neuroscience studies. However, despite its wide applications, the underlying function of the P300 is not yet clearly understood. One line of research among the many studies that have attempted to elucidate the underlying subroutine of the P300 in the brain has suggested that the physiological function of the P300 is related to inhibition. While some intracranial, behavioral, and event-related potential studies have provided support for this theory, little is known about the inhibitory mechanism. In this study, using alpha event-related desynchronization (ERD) and effective connectivity, based on the causal (one-way directed) relationship between alpha ERD and P300 sources, we demonstrated that P300's associated inhibition is implemented at a higher information processing stage in a localized brain region. We discuss how inhibition as the primary function of the P300 is not inconsistent with 'resource allocation' and 'working memory updating' theories about its cognitive function. In light of our findings regarding the scope and information processing stage of inhibition of the P300, we reconcile the inhibitory account of the P300 with working memory updating theory. Finally, based on the compensatory behavior of alpha ERD at the time of suppression of the P300, we propose two distinct yet complementary working memory mechanisms (inhibition and desynchronizing excitation) that render target perception possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirmahmoud Houshmand Chatroudi
- Department of Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Rostami
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- * E-mail:
| | - Ali Motie Nasrabadi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Shahed University, Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yuko Yotsumoto
- Department of Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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