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Ji C, Zhao J, Chen H, Wang Z, Cai T, Tian C, Wang C, Liu D, Ye B, Fu M, Sun J, Li H, Wang X, Sun Y. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the lineage of malignant epithelial cells and upregulation of TAGLN2 promotes peritoneal metastasis in gastric cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2023; 25:3405-3419. [PMID: 37247132 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03194-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peritoneal metastasis (PM) is an important factor contributing to poor prognosis in patients with gastric cancer (GC). Transcriptomic sequencing has been used to explore the molecular changes in metastatic cancers, but comparing the bulk RNA-sequencing data between primary tumors and metastases in PM studies is unreasonable due to the small proportion of tumor cells in PM tissues. METHODS We performed single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis on four gastric adenocarcinoma specimens, including one primary tumor sample (PT), one adjacent nontumoral sample (PN), one peritoneal metastatic sample (MT) and one normal peritoneum sample (MN), from the same patient. Pseudotime trajectory analysis was used to display the process by which nonmalignant epithelial cells transform into tumor cells and then metastasize to the peritoneum. Finally, in vitro and in vivo assays were used to validate one of the selected genes that promote peritoneal metastasis. RESULTS Single-cell RNA sequencing showed that a development curve was found from normal mucosa to tumor tissues and then into metastatic sites on peritoneum. TAGLN2 was found to trigger this metastasis process. The migration and invasion capability of GC cells were changed by downregulating and upregulating TAGLN2 expression. Mechanistically, TAGLN2 might modulate tumor metastasis via alterations in cell morphology and several signaling pathways, thus promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). CONCLUSIONS In summary, we identified and validated TAGLN2 as a novel gene involved in GC peritoneal metastasis. This study provided valuable insight into the mechanisms of GC metastasis and developed a potential therapeutic target to prevent GC cell dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengbo Ji
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Gastric Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Gastric Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoming Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Gastric Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianyi Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Gastric Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenyu Tian
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Botian Ye
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Gastric Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Fu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Gastric Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Gastric Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haojie Li
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Gastric Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xuefei Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Gastric Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihong Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Gastric Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Alsadat Mahmoudian R, Amirhosein M, Mahmoudian P, Fardi Golyan F, Mokhlessi L, Maftooh M, Khazaei M, Nassiri M, Mahdi Hassanian S, Ghayour-Mobarhan M, Ferns GA, Shahidsales S, Avan A. The therapeutic potential value of Cancer-testis antigens in immunotherapy of gastric cancer. Gene 2023; 853:147082. [PMID: 36464170 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.147082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth most common cause of mortality and the fifth for incidence, globally. Diagnosis, early prognosis, and therapy remains challenging for this condition, and new tumor-associated antigens are required for its detection and immunotherapy. Cancer-testis antigens (CTAs) are a subfamily of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) that have been identified as potential biomarkers and targets for cancer immunotherapy. The CTAs-restricted expression pattern in tumor cells and their potential immunogenicity identify them as attractive target candidates in CTA-based diagnosis or prognosis or immunotherapy. To date, numerous studies have reported the dysregulation of CTAs in GC. Several clinical trials have been done to assess CTA-based immunotherapeutic potential in the treatment of GC patients. NY-ESO-1, MAGE, and KK-LC-1 have been used in GC clinical trials. We review recent studies that have investigated the potential of the CTAs in GC regarding the expression, function, aggressive phenotype, prognosis, and immunological responses as well as their possible clinical significance as immunotherapeutic targets with a focus on challenges and future interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reihaneh Alsadat Mahmoudian
- Cancer Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Maharati Amirhosein
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Parvaneh Mahmoudian
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Fardi Golyan
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Leila Mokhlessi
- Centre for Biomedical Education and Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany.
| | - Mina Maftooh
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Majid Khazaei
- Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mohammadreza Nassiri
- Recombinant Proteins Research Group, The Research Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Seyed Mahdi Hassanian
- Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Department of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex BN1 9PH, UK.
| | | | - Amir Avan
- Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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3
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Meagher NS, Gorringe KL, Wakefield M, Bolithon A, Pang CNI, Chiu DS, Anglesio MS, Mallitt KA, Doherty JA, Harris HR, Schildkraut JM, Berchuck A, Cushing-Haugen KL, Chezar K, Chou A, Tan A, Alsop J, Barlow E, Beckmann MW, Boros J, Bowtell DD, Brand AH, Brenton JD, Campbell I, Cheasley D, Cohen J, Cybulski C, Elishaev E, Erber R, Farrell R, Fischer A, Fu Z, Gilks B, Gill AJ, Gourley C, Grube M, Harnett PR, Hartmann A, Hettiaratchi A, Høgdall CK, Huzarski T, Jakubowska A, Jimenez-Linan M, Kennedy CJ, Kim BG, Kim JW, Kim JH, Klett K, Koziak JM, Lai T, Laslavic A, Lester J, Leung Y, Li N, Liauw W, Lim BW, Linder A, Lubiński J, Mahale S, Mateoiu C, McInerny S, Menkiszak J, Minoo P, Mittelstadt S, Morris D, Orsulic S, Park SY, Pearce CL, Pearson JV, Pike MC, Quinn CM, Mohan GR, Rao J, Riggan MJ, Ruebner M, Salfinger S, Scott CL, Shah M, Steed H, Stewart CJ, Subramanian D, Sung S, Tang K, Timpson P, Ward RL, Wiedenhoefer R, Thorne H, Cohen PA, Crowe P, Fasching PA, Gronwald J, Hawkins NJ, Høgdall E, Huntsman DG, James PA, Karlan BY, Kelemen LE, Kommoss S, Konecny GE, Modugno F, Park SK, Staebler A, Sundfeldt K, Wu AH, Talhouk A, Pharoah PD, Anderson L, DeFazio A, Köbel M, Friedlander ML, Ramus SJ. Gene-Expression Profiling of Mucinous Ovarian Tumors and Comparison with Upper and Lower Gastrointestinal Tumors Identifies Markers Associated with Adverse Outcomes. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:5383-5395. [PMID: 36222710 PMCID: PMC9751776 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-1206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Advanced-stage mucinous ovarian carcinoma (MOC) has poor chemotherapy response and prognosis and lacks biomarkers to aid stage I adjuvant treatment. Differentiating primary MOC from gastrointestinal (GI) metastases to the ovary is also challenging due to phenotypic similarities. Clinicopathologic and gene-expression data were analyzed to identify prognostic and diagnostic features. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Discovery analyses selected 19 genes with prognostic/diagnostic potential. Validation was performed through the Ovarian Tumor Tissue Analysis consortium and GI cancer biobanks comprising 604 patients with MOC (n = 333), mucinous borderline ovarian tumors (MBOT, n = 151), and upper GI (n = 65) and lower GI tumors (n = 55). RESULTS Infiltrative pattern of invasion was associated with decreased overall survival (OS) within 2 years from diagnosis, compared with expansile pattern in stage I MOC [hazard ratio (HR), 2.77; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.04-7.41, P = 0.042]. Increased expression of THBS2 and TAGLN was associated with shorter OS in MOC patients (HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.04-1.51, P = 0.016) and (HR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.01-1.45, P = 0.043), respectively. ERBB2 (HER2) amplification or high mRNA expression was evident in 64 of 243 (26%) of MOCs, but only 8 of 243 (3%) were also infiltrative (4/39, 10%) or stage III/IV (4/31, 13%). CONCLUSIONS An infiltrative growth pattern infers poor prognosis within 2 years from diagnosis and may help select stage I patients for adjuvant therapy. High expression of THBS2 and TAGLN in MOC confers an adverse prognosis and is upregulated in the infiltrative subtype, which warrants further investigation. Anti-HER2 therapy should be investigated in a subset of patients. MOC samples clustered with upper GI, yet markers to differentiate these entities remain elusive, suggesting similar underlying biology and shared treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola S. Meagher
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of NSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of NSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kylie L. Gorringe
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Medical Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthew Wakefield
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Adelyn Bolithon
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of NSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of NSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Chi Nam Ignatius Pang
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Bioinformatics Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - Derek S. Chiu
- British Columbia's Gynecological Cancer Research Team (OVCARE), University of British Columbia, BC Cancer, and Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Michael S. Anglesio
- British Columbia's Gynecological Cancer Research Team (OVCARE), University of British Columbia, BC Cancer, and Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kylie-Ann Mallitt
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of NSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre for Big Data Research in Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jennifer A. Doherty
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Holly R. Harris
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Joellen M. Schildkraut
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Andrew Berchuck
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Kara L. Cushing-Haugen
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Ksenia Chezar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Foothills Medical Center, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Angela Chou
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Adeline Tan
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- Western Women's Pathology, Western Diagnostic Pathology, Wembley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jennifer Alsop
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ellen Barlow
- Gynaecological Cancer Centre, Royal Hospital for Women, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Matthias W. Beckmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jessica Boros
- The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David D.L. Bowtell
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Medical Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Alison H. Brand
- The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - James D. Brenton
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Campbell
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Medical Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dane Cheasley
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Medical Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joshua Cohen
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Cezary Cybulski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Esther Elishaev
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ramona Erber
- Institute of Pathology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rhonda Farrell
- The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Prince of Wales Private Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anna Fischer
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, Tübingen University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Zhuxuan Fu
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Blake Gilks
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Anthony J. Gill
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Charlie Gourley
- Nicola Murray Centre for Ovarian Cancer Research, Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Marcel Grube
- Department of Women's Health, Tübingen University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Paul R. Harnett
- The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, Tübingen University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anusha Hettiaratchi
- The Health Precincts Biobank (formerly the Health Science Alliance Biobank), UNSW Biospecimen Services, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Claus K. Høgdall
- Department of Gynaecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tomasz Huzarski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, University of Zielona Góra, Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
- Independent Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetic Diagnostics, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Catherine J. Kennedy
- The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Byoung-Gie Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Weon Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kayla Klett
- Women's Cancer Research Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute and Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Tiffany Lai
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Angela Laslavic
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jenny Lester
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Yee Leung
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia
- Australia New Zealand Gynaecological Oncology Group, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Na Li
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Parkville Familial Cancer Centre, The Royal Melbourne Hospital and Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Winston Liauw
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of NSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Cancer Care Centre, St George Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Belle W.X. Lim
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anna Linder
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Inst of Clinical Science, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jan Lubiński
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Sakshi Mahale
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Constantina Mateoiu
- Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Simone McInerny
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Parkville Familial Cancer Centre, The Royal Melbourne Hospital and Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Janusz Menkiszak
- Department of Gynecological Surgery and Gynecological Oncology of Adults and Adolescents, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Parham Minoo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Foothills Medical Center, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Suzana Mittelstadt
- Department of Women's Health, Tübingen University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - David Morris
- St George and Sutherland Clinical School, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sandra Orsulic
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Sang-Yoon Park
- Center for Gynecologic Cancer, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Celeste Leigh Pearce
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - John V. Pearson
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Malcolm C. Pike
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Carmel M. Quinn
- The Health Precincts Biobank (formerly the Health Science Alliance Biobank), UNSW Biospecimen Services, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ganendra Raj Mohan
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, St John of God Subiaco Hospital, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jianyu Rao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Marjorie J. Riggan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Matthias Ruebner
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stuart Salfinger
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, St John of God Subiaco Hospital, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Clare L. Scott
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Medical Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mitul Shah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Steed
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Section of Gynecologic Oncology Surgery, North Zone, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Colin J.R. Stewart
- School for Women's and Infants' Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Soseul Sung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Katrina Tang
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Paul Timpson
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Robyn L. Ward
- The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rebekka Wiedenhoefer
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, Tübingen University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Heather Thorne
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Paul A. Cohen
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, St John of God Subiaco Hospital, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Philip Crowe
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of NSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Private Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter A. Fasching
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jacek Gronwald
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Nicholas J. Hawkins
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of NSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Estrid Høgdall
- Department of Pathology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David G. Huntsman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Paul A. James
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Parkville Familial Cancer Centre, The Royal Melbourne Hospital and Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Beth Y. Karlan
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Linda E. Kelemen
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Stefan Kommoss
- Department of Women's Health, Tübingen University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gottfried E. Konecny
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Francesmary Modugno
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Women's Cancer Research Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute and Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Sue K. Park
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Annette Staebler
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, Tübingen University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karin Sundfeldt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Inst of Clinical Science, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna H. Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Aline Talhouk
- British Columbia's Gynecological Cancer Research Team (OVCARE), University of British Columbia, BC Cancer, and Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Paul D.P. Pharoah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Lyndal Anderson
- The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and NSW Health Pathology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anna DeFazio
- The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The Daffodil Centre, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Martin Köbel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Foothills Medical Center, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Michael L. Friedlander
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of NSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Gynaecological Cancer Centre, Royal Hospital for Women, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Nelune Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Susan J. Ramus
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of NSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of NSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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4
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Park SK, Kim SW, Seo HW, Hyun SH, Kyung JS, Youn SH, So SH, In G, Park CK, Yi EC, Han CK, Lee YY. Long-term evaluation of safety and biological effects of Korean Red Ginseng ( Panax Ginseng): a long-term in vivo study. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:284. [PMID: 36333693 PMCID: PMC9635099 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03736-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) is safe, this finding was only evaluated in 3-mo-long studies. Its safety was verified through a 6-mo KRG administration clinical study, but long-term studies beyond 6 mo are insufficient. This study investigated the safety and efficacy of 12-mo KRG administration. Methods In this study, 300 mg/kg of KRG was administered to male and female Sprague Dawley rats for 4, 8, and 12 mo to evaluate its efficacy and safety. Clinical signs, including pathological examination and haematological analyses, were observed. Flow cytometric analyses were utilised to analyse spleen and thymus immune cell counts after 12 mo. Proteomic analysis of the sera was performed using a nanospray-interfaced mass spectrometer with an 11-plex Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) labelling system. Bioinformatic analysis was then performed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis and PANTHER. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD032036. Results No significant body and organ weight changes were observed, and haematological and serum biochemical analyses did not show clinical significance. The effectiveness of long-term KRG administration was confirmed through increased immune cell distribution and activity. Changes in proteins correlated with viral infection reduction were confirmed through proteomic analysis. Conclusion The results suggested that 12-mo KRG intake is safe, improves immune system activity, and reduces viral infections with no significant changes in toxicological aspects. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-022-03736-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Kyung Park
- Laboratory of Efficacy Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, 30 Gajeong-ro, Shinseong- dong, Yuseong-gu, 34128 Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Won Kim
- Laboratory of Efficacy Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, 30 Gajeong-ro, Shinseong- dong, Yuseong-gu, 34128 Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwi Won Seo
- grid.249967.70000 0004 0636 3099Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong- gu, 34141 Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Hee Hyun
- Laboratory of Efficacy Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, 30 Gajeong-ro, Shinseong- dong, Yuseong-gu, 34128 Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Su Kyung
- Laboratory of Efficacy Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, 30 Gajeong-ro, Shinseong- dong, Yuseong-gu, 34128 Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Hyun Youn
- Laboratory of Efficacy Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, 30 Gajeong-ro, Shinseong- dong, Yuseong-gu, 34128 Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ho So
- Laboratory of Efficacy Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, 30 Gajeong-ro, Shinseong- dong, Yuseong-gu, 34128 Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyo In
- Laboratory of Efficacy Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, 30 Gajeong-ro, Shinseong- dong, Yuseong-gu, 34128 Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae-Kyu Park
- Laboratory of Efficacy Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, 30 Gajeong-ro, Shinseong- dong, Yuseong-gu, 34128 Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eugene C. Yi
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, 03080 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Kyun Han
- Laboratory of Efficacy Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, 30 Gajeong-ro, Shinseong- dong, Yuseong-gu, 34128 Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Yook Lee
- Laboratory of Efficacy Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, 30 Gajeong-ro, Shinseong- dong, Yuseong-gu, 34128 Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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5
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Yang B, Chen Q, Wan C, Sun S, Zhu L, Zhao Z, Zhong W, Wang B. Transgelin Inhibits the Malignant Progression of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinomas by Regulating Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Front Oncol 2021; 11:709486. [PMID: 34552870 PMCID: PMC8450671 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.709486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This article investigates the role of Transgelin (TAGLN) in the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCC) and its possible mechanism of inhibiting the invasion of these cancers. Methods Tissue specimens and clinical information of patients with ESCC were collected to analyze the relationship between Transgelin expression level and prognosis of patients with ESCC. Transgelin siRNA was used to knock down Transgelin expression. The expression of Transgelin in Eca-109 and KYSE-150 cells was overexpressed by Transgelin-overexpressing plasmid. The effects of Transgelin overexpression and knockdown on the proliferation of Eca-109 and KYSE-150 cells were examined by Transwell chamber, scratch assay, and CCK-8 cell activity assay. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the effect of Transgelin overexpression or knockdown on the mRNA and protein expressions of E-cadherin and Vimentin. TCGA data were used to analyze Transgelin co-expressed genes and further study the GO and KEGG enrichment analysis results under the influence of Transgelin. Results The expression of Transgelin was low in ESCC, and its expression level was positively correlated with the prognosis of patients with ESCC. The targeted Transgelin siRNA and Transgelin-overexpressing plasmid can effectively regulate the expression of Transgelin mRNA and protein in Eca-109 and KYSE-150 cells. After overexpression of Transgelin, the invasion and proliferation abilities of Eca-109 and KYSE-150 cells were significantly decreased compared with those of the control group (P < 0.05). However, Transgelin knockdown could promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ESCC cells. The overexpression of Transgelin inhibits EMT in ESCC. With the increase of Transgelin expression in Eca-109 and KYSE-150 cells, the expression of E-cadherin increased, while the expression of Vimentin decreased, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion Transgelin can inhibit the malignant progression of ESCC by inhibiting the occurrence of EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boli Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin, China.,Department of Digestive Diseases, General Hospital of Jincheng, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiuyu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin, China
| | - Changshan Wan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin, China
| | - Siyuan Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin, China
| | - Lanping Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhizhong Zhao
- Department of Digestive Diseases, General Hospital of Jincheng, Tianjin, China
| | - Weilong Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin, China
| | - Bangmang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin, China
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6
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Haynes WA, Kamath K, Waitz R, Daugherty PS, Shon JC. Protein-Based Immunome Wide Association Studies (PIWAS) for the Discovery of Significant Disease-Associated Antigens. Front Immunol 2021; 12:625311. [PMID: 33986742 PMCID: PMC8110919 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.625311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of the antigens associated with antibodies is vital to understanding immune responses in the context of infection, autoimmunity, and cancer. Discovering antigens at a proteome scale could enable broader identification of antigens that are responsible for generating an immune response or driving a disease state. Although targeted tests for known antigens can be straightforward, discovering antigens at a proteome scale using protein and peptide arrays is time consuming and expensive. We leverage Serum Epitope Repertoire Analysis (SERA), an assay based on a random bacterial display peptide library coupled with next generation sequencing (NGS), to power the development of Protein-based Immunome Wide Association Study (PIWAS). PIWAS uses proteome-based signals to discover candidate antibody-antigen epitopes that are significantly elevated in a subset of cases compared to controls. After demonstrating statistical power relative to the magnitude and prevalence of effect in synthetic data, we apply PIWAS to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE, n=31) and observe known autoantigens, Smith and Ribosomal protein P, within the 22 highest scoring candidate protein antigens across the entire human proteome. We validate the magnitude and location of the SLE specific signal against the Smith family of proteins using a cohort of patients who are positive by predicate anti-Sm tests. To test the generalizability of the method in an additional autoimmune disease, we identified and validated autoantigenic signals to SSB, CENPA, and keratin proteins in a cohort of individuals with Sjogren’s syndrome (n=91). Collectively, these results suggest that PIWAS provides a powerful new tool to discover disease-associated serological antigens within any known proteome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kathy Kamath
- Serimmune, Inc., Santa Barbara, CA, United States
| | | | | | - John C Shon
- Serimmune, Inc., Santa Barbara, CA, United States
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7
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Xia S, Tang Q, Wang X, Zhang L, Jia L, Wu D, Xu P, Zhang X, Tang G, Yang T, Feng Z, Lu L. Overexpression of PSMA7 predicts poor prognosis in patients with gastric cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:5341-5349. [PMID: 31612044 PMCID: PMC6781669 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth most common tumor and the second most common cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. Current tumor biomarkers for GC, such as serum carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 19-9, are not ideal due to their limited role as prognostic indicators for GC. Proteasome subunit α7 (PSMA7) is a multifunctional protein, which has been revealed to be involved in the development and progression of various types of malignancy. However, little is known about the role of PSMA7 in GC. In the present study, PSMA7 was identified to be overexpressed at the mRNA and protein levels in GC tissues, compared with in non-tumor tissues, using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, PSMA7 expression is associated with tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and Tumor-Node-Metastasis stage. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis identified that PSMA7 expression is an independent prognostic factor for poor survival. Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed that high PSMA7 expression is associated with a poor prognosis in patients with GC. Overall, the results of the present study suggested that PSMA7 may be a promising biomarker for the prognosis of GC, and may represent a new diagnostic marker and molecular therapeutic target for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujing Xia
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Xinghua People's Hospital of Yangzhou University Medical College, Xinghua, Jiangsu 225700, P.R. China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Qi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of Ministry of Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China
| | - Xudong Wang
- The Clinical Bio-Bank, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, P.R. China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Xinghua People's Hospital of Yangzhou University Medical College, Xinghua, Jiangsu 225700, P.R. China
| | - Lizhou Jia
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China
| | - Duo Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Xinghua People's Hospital of Yangzhou University Medical College, Xinghua, Jiangsu 225700, P.R. China
| | - Pingxiang Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Xinghua People's Hospital of Yangzhou University Medical College, Xinghua, Jiangsu 225700, P.R. China
| | - Xiumei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Xinghua People's Hospital of Yangzhou University Medical College, Xinghua, Jiangsu 225700, P.R. China
| | - Genxiong Tang
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Yang
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China
| | - Zhenqing Feng
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of Ministry of Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Lungen Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
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8
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Ouyang X, Telli ML, Wu JC. Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Based Cancer Vaccines. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1510. [PMID: 31338094 PMCID: PMC6628907 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Over a century ago, it was reported that immunization with embryonic/fetal tissue could lead to the rejection of transplanted tumors in animals. Subsequent studies demonstrated that vaccination of embryonic materials in animals induced cellular and humoral immunity against transplantable tumors and carcinogen-induced tumors. Therefore, it has been hypothesized that the shared antigens between tumors and embryonic/fetal tissues (oncofetal antigens) are the key to anti-tumor immune responses in these studies. However, early oncofetal antigen-based cancer vaccines usually utilize xenogeneic or allogeneic embryonic stem cells or tissues, making it difficult to tease apart the anti-tumor immunity elicited by the oncofetal antigens vs. graft-vs.-host responses. Recently, one oncofetal antigen-based cancer vaccine using autologous induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) demonstrated marked prophylactic and therapeutic potential, suggesting critical roles of oncofetal antigens in inducing anti-tumor immunity. In this review, we present an overview of recent studies in the field of oncofetal antigen-based cancer vaccines, including single peptide-based cancer vaccines, embryonic stem cell (ESC)- and iPSC-based whole-cell vaccines, and provide insights on future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Ouyang
- Cardiovascular Institute, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Melinda L Telli
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Joseph C Wu
- Cardiovascular Institute, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.,Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.,Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
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9
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Yin LM, Ulloa L, Yang YQ. Transgelin-2: Biochemical and Clinical Implications in Cancer and Asthma. Trends Biochem Sci 2019; 44:885-896. [PMID: 31256982 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Transgelin-2 has been regarded as an actin-binding protein that induces actin gelation and regulates actin cytoskeleton. However, transgelin-2 has recently been shown to relax the myosin cytoskeleton of the airway smooth muscle cells by acting as a receptor for extracellular metallothionein-2. From a clinical perspective, these results support transgelin-2 as a promising therapeutic target for diseases such as cancer and asthma. The inhibition of transgelin-2 prevents actin gelation and thereby cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Conversely, the activation of transgelin-2 with specific agonists relaxes airway smooth muscles and reduces pulmonary resistance in asthma. Here, we review new studies on the biochemical properties of transgelin-2 and discuss their clinical implications for the treatment of immune, oncogenic, and respiratory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei-Miao Yin
- Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Luis Ulloa
- International Laboratory of Neuro-Immunomodulation, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; Center of Immunology and Inflammation, Dept. of Surgery. Rutgers University-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07101, USA.
| | - Yong-Qing Yang
- Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China.
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10
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夏 淑, 张 莉, 成 凤, 冯 振, 陆 伦. [Expression of PSMA 7 and its effect on proliferation, invasion, migration and tumorigenesis of gastric cancer]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2019; 39:387-393. [PMID: 31068280 PMCID: PMC6743988 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2019.04.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the expression of PSMA7 and its effect on proliferation, invasion and migration of gastric cancer and subcutaneous tumorigenesis in nude mice. >and subcutaneous tumorigenesis in nude mice. METHODS Specimens of tumor tissues and paired adjacent tissues were collected from 60 patients with gastric cancer for detecting the expression levels of PSMA7 using immunohistochemical method. Gastric cancer cell line SGC7901 was transfected with a lentiviral vector to inhibit PSMA7 expression, and the changes in cell proliferation and invasion were observed using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), clone formation assay and Transwell assay. A BALB/c mouse model bearing subcutaneous gastric cancer xenograft was established using SGC7901 cells with stable PSMA7 knockdown to assess the effect of low expression of PSMA7 on xenograft growth. RESULTS Gastric cancer tissues expressed significantly higher levels of PSMA7 than the paired adjacent tissues (P < 0.05). In SGC7901 cells, interference of PSMA7 expression significantly inhibited the cell proliferation and invasion (P < 0.05). In the tumor-bearing BALB/c mice, the xenografts derived from SGC7901 cells with PSMA7 expression interference showed significant growth suppression as compared with the control xenografts (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS PPSMA 7 is overexpressed in gastric cancer tissues, and PSMA7 knockdown inhibits the proliferation, invasion, migration and subcutaneous tumorigenesis of gastric cancer cells in nude mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- 淑晶 夏
- 南京医科大学病理系Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- 国家卫健委抗体技术重点实验室,南京 211166Key Laboratory of Antibody Technology of National Health Commission, Nanjing 211166, China
- 南京医科大学附属上海一院临床医学院消化科,上海 201600Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 201600, China
- 兴化市人民医院消化内科,江苏 兴化 225700Department of Gastroenterology, Xinghua People's Hospital, Xinghua 225700, China
| | - 莉莉 张
- 南京医科大学附属上海一院临床医学院消化科,上海 201600Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 201600, China
| | - 凤干 成
- 南京医科大学附属上海一院临床医学院消化科,上海 201600Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 201600, China
| | - 振卿 冯
- 南京医科大学病理系Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- 兴化市人民医院消化内科,江苏 兴化 225700Department of Gastroenterology, Xinghua People's Hospital, Xinghua 225700, China
| | - 伦根 陆
- 国家卫健委抗体技术重点实验室,南京 211166Key Laboratory of Antibody Technology of National Health Commission, Nanjing 211166, China
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11
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Beyer SJ, Bell EH, McElroy JP, Fleming JL, Cui T, Becker A, Bassett E, Johnson B, Gulati P, Popp I, Staszewski O, Prinz M, Grosu AL, Haque SJ, Chakravarti A. Oncogenic transgelin-2 is differentially regulated in isocitrate dehydrogenase wild-type vs. mutant gliomas. Oncotarget 2018; 9:37097-37111. [PMID: 30647847 PMCID: PMC6324682 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of an isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH1/2) mutation in gliomas is associated with favorable outcomes compared to gliomas without the mutation (IDH1/2 wild-type, WT). The underlying biological mechanisms accounting for improved clinical outcomes in IDH1/2 mutant gliomas remain poorly understood, but may, in part, be due to the glioma CpG island methylator phenotype (G-CIMP) and epigenetic silencing of genes. We performed profiling of IDH1/2 WT versus IDH1/2 mutant Grade II and III gliomas and identified transgelin-2 (TAGLN2), an oncogene and actin-polymerizing protein, to be expressed at significantly higher levels in IDH1/2 WT gliomas compared to IDH1/2 mutant gliomas. This differential expression of TAGLN2 was primarily due to promoter hypermethylation in IDH1/2 mutant gliomas, suggesting involvement of TAGLN2 in the G-CIMP. Our results also suggest that TAGLN2 may be involved in progression due to higher expression in glioblastomas compared to IDH1/2 WT gliomas of lower grades. Furthermore, our results suggest that TAGLN2 functions as an oncogene by contributing to proliferation and invasion when overexpressed in IDH1/2 WT glioma cells. Taken together, this study demonstrates a possible link between increased TAGLN2 expression, invasion and poor patient outcomes in IDH1/2 WT gliomas and identifies TAGLN2 as a potential novel therapeutic target for IDH1/2 WT gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasha J. Beyer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Arthur G. James Hospital/The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Erica H. Bell
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Arthur G. James Hospital/The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Joseph P. McElroy
- Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jessica L. Fleming
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Arthur G. James Hospital/The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Tiantian Cui
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Arthur G. James Hospital/The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Aline Becker
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Arthur G. James Hospital/The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Emily Bassett
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Arthur G. James Hospital/The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Benjamin Johnson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Arthur G. James Hospital/The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Pooja Gulati
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Arthur G. James Hospital/The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ilinca Popp
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ori Staszewski
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marco Prinz
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anca L. Grosu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Saikh Jaharul Haque
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Arthur G. James Hospital/The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Arnab Chakravarti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Arthur G. James Hospital/The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
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12
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Chi Soh JE, Abu N, Jamal R. The potential immune-eliciting cancer testis antigens in colorectal cancer. Immunotherapy 2018; 10:1093-1104. [DOI: 10.2217/imt-2018-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of cancer testis antigens (CTAs) has been an important finding in the search of potential targets for cancer immunotherapy. CTA is one of the subfamilies of the large tumor-associated antigens groups. It is aberrantly expressed in various types of human tumors but is absent in normal tissues except for the testis and placenta. This CTAs-restricted pattern of expression in human malignancies together with its potential immunogenic properties, has stirred the interest of many researchers to use CTAs as one of the ideal targets in cancer immunotherapy. To date, multiple studies have shown that CTAs-based vaccines can elicit clinical and immunological responses in different tumors, including colorectal cancer (CRC). This review details our current understanding of CTAs and CRC in regard to the expression and immunological responses as well as some of the critical hurdles in CTAs-based immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Ern Chi Soh
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), UKM Medical Center, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nadiah Abu
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), UKM Medical Center, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rahman Jamal
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), UKM Medical Center, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Koudelkova P, Costina V, Weber G, Dooley S, Findeisen P, Winter P, Agarwal R, Schlangen K, Mikulits W. Transforming Growth Factor-β Drives the Transendothelial Migration of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18102119. [PMID: 28994702 PMCID: PMC5666801 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The entry of malignant hepatocytes into blood vessels is a key step in the dissemination and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The identification of molecular mechanisms involved in the transmigration of malignant hepatocytes through the endothelial barrier is of high relevance for therapeutic intervention and metastasis prevention. In this study, we employed a model of hepatocellular transmigration that mimics vascular invasion using hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells and malignant hepatocytes evincing a mesenchymal-like, invasive phenotype by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β. Labelling of respective cell populations with various stable isotopes and subsequent mass spectrometry analyses allowed the “real-time” detection of molecular changes in both transmigrating hepatocytes and endothelial cells. Interestingly, the proteome profiling revealed 36 and 559 regulated proteins in hepatocytes and endothelial cells, respectively, indicating significant changes during active transmigration that mostly depends on cell–cell interaction rather than on TGF-β alone. Importantly, matching these in vitro findings with HCC patient data revealed a panel of common molecular alterations including peroxiredoxin-3, epoxide hydrolase, transgelin-2 and collectin 12 that are clinically relevant for the patient’s survival. We conclude that hepatocellular plasticity induced by TGF-β is crucially involved in blood vessel invasion of HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Koudelkova
- Department of Medicine I, Division: Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Victor Costina
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, University Hospital Mannheim, 68167 Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Gerhard Weber
- Department of Medicine I, Division: Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Steven Dooley
- Molecular Hepatology Section, Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg Mannheim, 68167 Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Peter Findeisen
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, University Hospital Mannheim, 68167 Mannheim, Germany.
| | | | | | - Karin Schlangen
- Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Wolfgang Mikulits
- Department of Medicine I, Division: Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Chen C, Wang G, Huang X, Dong X, Chen G, Lin M, Cai Z, Zeng Y. Overexpression of galectin-4 promotes cell growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2017; 10:10233-10242. [PMID: 31966357 PMCID: PMC6965780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Galectin-4 is a member of multifunctional galactoside-binding lectin family with various biological functions, including tumor cells proliferation, cancer progression, cell adhesion, and tumor metastasis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the putative function of galectin-4 in tumor progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and explore the possible mechanisms of galectin-4 related biological pathway. The result showed that the galectin-4 was significantly up-regulated in HCC tissues/cell lines compared to matched peritumor tissues/a normal liver cell line, respectively. Furthermore, overexpressing galectin-4 in HCCLM3 cells led to promotion of cell proliferation and inhibition of cell apoptosis via up-regulation of Cyclin D1, down-regulation of p21 and decreased pro-apoptotic Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, But knockdown of galectin-4 reversed these properties. Furthermore, galectin-4 could promote cell-cell adhesion via stabilizing the adherens junction complexes. These observations was further validated in the xenograft animal model. Taken together, galectin-4 plays an important role in HCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cancan Chen
- Liver Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou, China
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou, China
| | - Gaoxiong Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityQuanzhou, China
| | - Xinhui Huang
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou, China
| | - Xiuqing Dong
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou, China
| | - Geng Chen
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou, China
| | - Mingjie Lin
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou, China
| | - Zhixiong Cai
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou, China
| | - Yongyi Zeng
- Liver Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou, China
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou, China
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15
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An Essential Role for TAGLN2 in Phagocytosis of Lipopolysaccharide-activated Macrophages. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8731. [PMID: 28821818 PMCID: PMC5562783 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09144-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Activated macrophages have a greater ability of phagocytosis against pathogens that is mediated by large-scale actin rearrangement. However, molecular machineries that conduct this task have not been fully identified. Here, we demonstrate an unanticipated role of TAGLN2, a 22-kDa actin-binding protein, in Toll-like receptor (TLR)-stimulated phagocytosis. TAGLN2 was greatly induced in macrophages in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a ligand for TLR4, partly via the NF-κB pathway. TAGLN2-deficient macrophages (TAGLN2−/−) showed defective phagocytic functions of IgM- and IgG-coated sheep red blood cells as well as bacteria. Cell signaling pathways involved in actin rearrangement—PI3 kinase/AKT and Ras-ERK—were also down-regulated in LPS-stimulated TAGLN2-deficient macrophages. Moreover, TAGLN2−/− mice showed higher mortality after bacterial infection than wild-type littermates. Thus, our results revealed a novel function of TAGLN2 as a molecular armament required for host defense.
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16
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Kamiza AB, Su FH, Wang WC, Sung FC, Chang SN, Yeh CC. Chronic hepatitis infection is associated with extrahepatic cancer development: a nationwide population-based study in Taiwan. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:861. [PMID: 27821099 PMCID: PMC5100218 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2918-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are the major causes of chronic hepatitis infection (CHI). This longitudinal cohort study investigated the association of CHI with hepatic and extrahepatic cancer development in Taiwan. Methods Patients with HBV infection and HCV infection were identified from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. A Cox proportional hazard model was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for determining the association between CHI and cancer development. Results The patients with HBV infection exhibited an increased risk of colorectal cancer (HR: 1.36, 95 % CI: 1.09–1.70), liver cancer (HR: 21.47, 95 % CI: 18.0–25.6), gallbladder and extrahepatic bile duct cancer (HR: 2.05, 95 % CI: 1.07–3.91), pancreatic cancer (HR: 2.61, 95 % CI: 1.47–4.61), kidney cancer (HR: 1.72, 95 % CI: 1.10–2.68), ovarian cancer (HR: 2.31, 95 % CI: 1.21–4.39), and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HR: 2.10, 95 % CI: 1.25–3.52). The patients with HCV infection exhibited an increased risk of liver cancer (HR: 25.10, 95 % CI: 20.9–30.2), gallbladder and extrahepatic bile duct cancer (HR: 2.60, 95 % CI: 1.42–4.73), ovarian cancer (HR: 5.15, 95 % CI: 1.98–13.4), and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HR: 2.30, 95 % CI: 1.34–3.96). Conclusion The present population-based study revealed that in addition to its association with primary liver cancer, CHI is associated with an increased risk of extrahepatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abram Bunya Kamiza
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health and Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, No. 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Hsiung Su
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, No. 252 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,Master Program in Long-Term Care, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, No. 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Wen-Chang Wang
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, No. 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Fung-Chang Sung
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2 Yude Road, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, No. 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ni Chang
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2 Yude Road, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, No. 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Yeh
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health and Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, No. 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan. .,Department of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
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17
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Yu Y, He Z, Cao Y, Tang H, Huang F. TAGLN2, a novel regulator involved in Hepatitis B virus transcription and replication. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 477:1051-1058. [PMID: 27402267 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the major health problems in the world. Transgelin-2 (TAGLN2) expression has been revealed to be significantly altered in previous studies concerning HBV-host interaction. The present study investigated TAGLN2 expression patterns in HBV related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and its role in HBV transcription and replication. We collected 59 HBV related HCC tissue samples, their adjacent non-tumoral tissues and 16 normal livers to make the tissue microarray. TAGLN2 protein was detected by immunohistochemistry and the transcriptional levels of TAGLN2, HBc, HBs and HBx were detected by qRT-PCR. Then we investigated the function of TAGLN2 on HBV transcription and replication in vitro by ectopic expressing or knocking down TAGLN2 in HepG2 and HepG2.2.15 cell lines. We further studied the effect of HBx on TAGLN2 expression with a Tet-on HBx expressing cell line. TAGLN2 protein expression was lower in normal livers and HBV-HCC tissues comparing to adjacent non-tumoral tissues. The transcriptional levels of TAGLN2 in HBV-HCC tissues and their adjacent tissues were positively related to that of HBc, HBs and HBx (P < 0.05). Ectopic expression of TAGLN2 in vitro could enhance HBV transcription and replication while suppressing TAGLN2 had the contrary effect. TAGLN2 could be induced by HBx in a dose-dependent manner. Our data demonstrated that TAGLN2 might be an HBx induced positive host factor involved in HBV transcription and replication and HBx related liver fibrosis and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youjia Yu
- Department of Forensic Pathology, West China School of Basic Science and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, 17 3rd Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, China; Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.
| | - Zhiliang He
- Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxuexiang, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Yong Cao
- Department of Forensic Pathology, West China School of Basic Science and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, 17 3rd Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hong Tang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxuexiang, Chengdu, 610041, China; Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxuexiang, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Feijun Huang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, West China School of Basic Science and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, 17 3rd Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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18
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19
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Sun X, Jin Z, Song X, Wang J, Li Y, Qian X, zhang Y, Yin Y. Evaluation of KIF23 variant 1 expression and relevance as a novel prognostic factor in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:961. [PMID: 26674738 PMCID: PMC4682286 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1987-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND KIF23 (kinesin family member 23) is a kinesin-like motor protein and plays an important role in cytokinesis. In search for genes associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by cDNA microarray, we found that KIF23 was upregulated in HCC tissues. At present, much less is known about its expression and functions in tumor cells. In this work, we aimed to investigate the expression of KIF23 in HCC and the correlation between its expression and clinical features. METHODS Total RNA was extracted from 16 HCC and paired adjacent non-cancerous tissues. The expressions of the two KIF23 splice variants (KIF23 V1 and KIF23 V2) in normal and HCC tissues were determined by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Polyclonal antibody specific to KIF23 V1 was prepared, and the specificity of the antibody was confirmed by siRNA knockdown and Western blotting experiments. KIF23 protein expression in HCC was examined by immunohistochemistry staining with anti-KIF23 V1 or anti-KIF23 (commercially available for recognizing both KIF23 V1 and V2) antibodies, respectively. Univariate and Multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to determine the correlation between KIF23 protein expression and overall survival of HCC patients. RESULTS The two splicing variants of KIF23 mRNA were not detected in normal liver tissue by RT-PCR, but they were aberrantly expressed in HCC tissues. Immunohistochemistry staining with anti-KIF23 V1 antibody revealed that KIF23 V1 was mainly distributed in the nucleus, whereas the positive staining signals were predominantly in the cytoplasm when using anti-KIF23 antibody, suggesting that KIF23 V2 might localize in the cytoplasm of HCC cells. KIF23 V1 protein was detected in 57.6% (83/144) HCC patients and the mean H-score was 42, while KIF23 V2 was detected in 94.4% (135/143) HCC samples and the mean H-score was 68. Follow-up study showed that HCC patients with expression of KIF23 V1 had a longer 5-year survival (p=0.0052), however, expression of KIF23 V2 protein did not associate with 3- and 5-year survival. CONCLUSION In this study we show for the first time that KIF23 V1 and V2 have different localizations in HCC cells. Furthermore, KIF23 V1 protein expression might be a marker of longer overall survival in HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Sun
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Zhongtian Jin
- Center of Hepatobiliary Surgery, People's Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiao Song
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Xiaoping Qian
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Yu zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Yanhui Yin
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
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20
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Kawahara R, Bollinger JG, Rivera C, Ribeiro ACP, Brandão TB, Paes Leme AF, MacCoss MJ. A targeted proteomic strategy for the measurement of oral cancer candidate biomarkers in human saliva. Proteomics 2015; 16:159-73. [PMID: 26552850 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201500224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck cancers, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), are the sixth most common malignancy in the world and are characterized by poor prognosis and a low survival rate. Saliva is oral fluid with intimate contact with OSCC. Besides non-invasive, simple, and rapid to collect, saliva is a potential source of biomarkers. In this study, we build an SRM assay that targets fourteen OSCC candidate biomarker proteins, which were evaluated in a set of clinically-derived saliva samples. Using Skyline software package, we demonstrated a statistically significant higher abundance of the C1R, LCN2, SLPI, FAM49B, TAGLN2, CFB, C3, C4B, LRG1, SERPINA1 candidate biomarkers in the saliva of OSCC patients. Furthermore, our study also demonstrated that CFB, C3, C4B, SERPINA1 and LRG1 are associated with the risk of developing OSCC. Overall, this study successfully used targeted proteomics to measure in saliva a panel of biomarker candidates for OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Kawahara
- Laboratório de Espectrometria de Massas, Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, Brazil
| | - James G Bollinger
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - César Rivera
- Laboratório de Espectrometria de Massas, Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina P Ribeiro
- Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Octavio Frias de Oliveira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thaís Bianca Brandão
- Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Octavio Frias de Oliveira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana F Paes Leme
- Laboratório de Espectrometria de Massas, Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Michael J MacCoss
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Suri A, Jagadish N, Saini S, Gupta N. Targeting cancer testis antigens for biomarkers and immunotherapy in colorectal cancer: Current status and challenges. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2015; 7:492-502. [PMID: 26691579 PMCID: PMC4678396 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v7.i12.492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer ranks third among the estimated cancer cases and cancer related mortalities in United States in 2014. Early detection and efficient therapy remains a significant clinical challenge for this disease. Therefore, there is a need to identify novel tumor associated molecules to target for biomarker development and immunotherapy. In this regard, cancer testis antigens have emerged as a potential targets for developing novel clinical biomarkers and immunotherapy for various malignancies. These germ cell specific proteins exhibit aberrant expression in cancer cells and contribute in tumorigenesis. Owing to their unique expression profile and immunogenicity in cancer patients, cancer testis antigens are clinically referred as the most promising tumor associated antigens. Several cancer testis antigens have been studied in colorectal cancer but none of them could be used in clinical practice. This review is an attempt to address the promising cancer testis antigens in colorectal cancer and their possible clinical implications as biomarkers and immunotherapeutic targets with particular focus on challenges and future interventions.
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The downregulation of miR-144 is associated with the growth and invasion of osteosarcoma cells through the regulation of TAGLN expression. Int J Mol Med 2014; 34:1565-72. [PMID: 25318625 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.1963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs or miRS) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of the majority of human malignancies, and the dysregulation of microRNA-144 (miR-144) has been associated with several diseases. However, the potential involvement of miR-144 in osteosarcoma, a common malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents with a high risk of relapse and metastasis, has not yet been fully investigated. In the present study, we examined the expression and roles of miRNAs in osteosarcoma as potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets, and we focused on miR-144 due to its known involvement in osteogenesis. We demonstrate that miR-144 is downregulated in osteosarcoma cell lines and primary human osteosarcoma tissue samples and that its ectopic expression inhibits osteosarcoma cell proliferation and invasion. We identified TAGLN as a downstream target of miR-144 and demonstrated that its expression is upregulated in osteosarcoma cell lines and tumor tissue and is inversely correlated with miR-144 expression. Our results indicate that miR-144 may regulate osteosarcoma cell proliferation and invasion by downregulating its target gene, TAGLN, suggesting that miR-144 may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Wu X, Dong L, Zhang R, Ying K, Shen H. Transgelin overexpression in lung adenocarcinoma is associated with tumor progression. Int J Mol Med 2014; 34:585-91. [PMID: 24938684 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.1805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a common feature of solid tumors and is associated with an increased likelihood of local recurrence and distant metastasis. Transgelin (TAGLN) is an actin cross-linking/polymerization protein that belongs to the family of actin-associated proteins, and there is evidence that TAGLN may be involved in the migration of epithelial cells by interacting with actin or promoting podosome formation. Cell migration is a key step of cancer metastatis. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the potential link between TAGLN protein levels and hypoxia in lung adenocarcinoma cells and to explore the possible functions and expression patterns of TAGLN in lung adenocarcinoma. We first examined the effects of altered TAGLN expression on cell migration under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was also performed to examine TAGLN protein expression patterns in lung adenocarcinoma samples. Our results revealed that TAGLN was upregulated in the hypoxic lung adenocarcinoma cells. The inhibition of TAGLN expression in the cells using small interfering RNA (siRNA) led to a decreased migration ability. TAGLN was significantly overexpressed in the lung adenocarcinoma tissues compared to the adjacent tumor-free tissues. A high TAGLN expression correlated with an advanced TNM stage, lymph node metastasis and greater differentiation. TAGLN was upregulated in the human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines under hypoxic conditions, which contributed to the migration ability of the cells. Thus, our data suggest that TAGLN may be a viable therapeutic target and a potential biomarker for predicting the prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Liangliang Dong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Ruifeng Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Kejing Ying
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Huahao Shen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
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Dvorakova M, Nenutil R, Bouchal P. Transgelins, cytoskeletal proteins implicated in different aspects of cancer development. Expert Rev Proteomics 2014; 11:149-65. [PMID: 24476357 DOI: 10.1586/14789450.2014.860358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Transgelin is an abundant protein of smooth muscle cells, where its role has been primarily studied. As a protein affecting dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton via stabilization of actin filaments, transgelin is both directly and indirectly involved in many cancer-related processes such as migration, proliferation, differentiation or apoptosis. Transgelin was previously reviewed as a tumor suppressor; however, recent data based on a number of proteomics studies indicate its pro-tumorigenic role, for example, in colorectal or hepatocellular cancer. We summarize these contradictory observations in both clinical and functional proteomics projects and analyze the role of transgelin in tumors in detail. Generally, the expression and biological role of transgelin seem to differ among various types of tumor cells and stroma, and possibly change during tumor progression. We also overview the recent data on transgelin-2, a sequence homolog of transgelin, whose role in the tumor development might be contradictory to the role of transgelin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Dvorakova
- Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Regional Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Brno, Czech Republic
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Mayer-Sonnenfeld T, Har-Noy M, Lillehei KO, Graner MW. Proteomic analyses of different human tumour-derived chaperone-rich cell lysate (CRCL) anti-cancer vaccines reveal antigen content and strong similarities amongst the vaccines along with a basis for CRCL's unique structure: CRCL vaccine proteome leads to unique structure. Int J Hyperthermia 2013; 29:520-7. [PMID: 23734882 DOI: 10.3109/02656736.2013.796529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this paper was to compare protein content of chaperone-rich cell lysate (CRCL) anti-cancer vaccines prepared from human tumours of different histological origins to evaluate the uniformity of their protein content. MATERIALS AND METHODS Clinical grade CRCL was prepared under Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) conditions from surgically resected human tumours (colorectal cancer, glioblastoma, non-small cell lung cancer, ovarian cancer). Protein samples were separated by SDS-PAGE and slices cut from gels for protease digestion followed by mass spectrometry analysis. Proteins were identified, and the content assessed by gene ontogeny/networking programmatic computation. CRCL preparations were also analysed by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). RESULTS We identified between 200 and 550 proteins in the various CRCL preparations. Gene ontogeny analysis indicated that the vaccines showed clear relationships, despite different tumour origins. A total of 95 proteins were common to all the CRCLs. Networking analyses implicated heat shock proteins in antigen processing pathways, and showed connections to the cytoskeletal network. We found that CRCL vaccines showed a particulate structure by NTA, and TEM revealed an extended fence-like structural network in CRCL, with regions that were microns in size. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that it is feasible to prepare and characterise CRCL from a variety of different tissue sources; a substantial portion of the protein content is identical among the different CRCLs, while the overall compositions also suggest high overlaps in functional categories. The protein content indicates the presence of antigens and implies a potential structure, which we believe may play a role in CRCL's ability to stimulate innate antigen presenting cell activation.
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Sherman AC, Trehanpati N, Daucher M, Davey RT, Masur H, Sarin SK, Kottilil S, Kohli A. Augmentation of hepatitis B virus-specific cellular immunity with programmed death receptor-1/programmed death receptor-L1 blockade in hepatitis B virus and HIV/hepatitis B virus coinfected patients treated with adefovir. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2013; 29:665-72. [PMID: 23259453 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2012.0320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunological parameters leading to viral persistence in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) are not clearly established. We analyzed HBV-specific immunoregulatory mechanisms in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected HBeAg(+) CHB patients to determine (1) the roles of immunoregulatory pathways, (2) the effect of anti-HBV therapy on immunoregulatory pathways, and (3) the role of immunomodulatory therapy to overcome the effect of T regulatory cells (Tregs, CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+)) in HBV-infected individuals. A prospective, double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial treated HBV (HIV(+/-))-infected patients with adefovir 10 mg daily or placebo for 48 weeks. HBV viral load (VL), immunophenotying, and functional studies were performed at multiple time points. Suppression of HBV VL with adefovir leads to decreased peripheral expansion of Tregs. While declining, Tregs significantly inhibit cytokine-secreting HBV-specific CD8(+) T cell responses over 48 weeks of anti-HBV adefovir therapy (p<0.05). A large proportion of these Tregs express programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1), blockade of which in vitro leads to improved cytokine-secreting HBV-specific CD8(+) T cell responses, particularly in HIV/HBV-coinfected patients (p<0.05). Peripheral expansion of Treg levels correlated with HBV viral load and decreased HBV-specific CD8(+) T cells. PD-1 blockade increased survival of HBV-specific CD8(+) T cells, removing the inhibitory effect of PD-1(+) peripheral Tregs. Hence therapies involving PD-1 blockade in combination with directly acting antivirals should be investigated to reduce the need for life-long directly acting antiviral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy C. Sherman
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Marybeth Daucher
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Richard T. Davey
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Henry Masur
- CCMD, CC, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Shyam Kottilil
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Anita Kohli
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- Clinical Research Directorate/CMRP, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
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Qian MB, Chen YD, Yan F. Time to tackle clonorchiasis in China. Infect Dis Poverty 2013; 2:4. [PMID: 23849773 PMCID: PMC3707093 DOI: 10.1186/2049-9957-2-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent publication of the global epidemiology of clonorchiasis and its relationship with cholangiocarcinoma in the journal of Infectious Diseases of Poverty has stressed the importance of Clonorchis sinensis infection. To further demonstrate its threat on public health, especially in China, comparisons between clonorchiasis and hepatitis B are made in terms of epidemiology, clinical symptoms and carcinogenicity, disability, as well as changing trends. Furthermore, major problems and prioritized researches are argued, from basic biology to intervention. Imbalance between the majority of infected population and the minority of researches in China urges for more work from Chinese scientists and international cooperation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Men-Bao Qian
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborative Center for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying-Dan Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborative Center for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Yan
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Ha ES, Choi S, In KH, Lee SH, Lee EJ, Lee SY, Kim JH, Shin C, Shim JJ, Kang KH, Phark S, Sul D. Identification of proteins expressed differently among surgically resected stage I lung adenocarcinomas. Clin Biochem 2012. [PMID: 23200884 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2012.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Among patients with surgically resected stage I lung adenocarcinoma, some succumb to early recurrence, while others survive for more than 5 years. Few markers to predict prognoses in these patients have been accepted. Recent advances in proteomic methodologies offer a unique chance to identify new candidate biomarkers. The aim of this study is to find differences in protein expression in resected lung cancer tissue of stage I adenocarcinoma from patients with no recurrence for more than 5 years and from those with early recurrence. METHODS Lung cancer tissues were obtained from 15 patients with pathologically confirmed stage I adenocarcinoma. The patients were divided into two groups, those with recurrence within 36 months (early recurrence group, n=9) and those that were disease-free for over 5 years (disease free group, n=6). Tissue proteins were separated by a two-dimensional electrophoresis long gel system (30 × 40 cm) with set ranges (3-10 NL) and examined by nano-LC-ESI-MS/MS. Western blot assays were performed to validate these proteins. RESULTS Twelve protein spots were up-regulated and 8 were down-regulated in the disease-free group as compared with the recurrence group. Of the 12 up-regulated proteins, haptoglubin, tau-tubulin kinase-2 (TTBK2), thymidine phosphorylase, annexin-1, PIN1, CAPG, and SEC23 were validated by Western blot. Among the 8 down-regulated proteins, serpinB6 and trangelin-2 were validated. CONCLUSIONS A total of 9 differentially expressed proteins were successfully extracted, identified, and confirmed from stage I lung adenocarcinoma tissues. The increased or decreased expression of these proteins according to prognosis may be the basis for further studies of proteomics in developing prognostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Sil Ha
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
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PSMA7 inhibits the tumorigenicity of A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2012; 366:131-7. [PMID: 22584585 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-012-1290-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2011] [Accepted: 03/17/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The gene for proteasome subunit alpha type-7 (PSMA7) is located in chromosomal 20q13.33, a region frequently amplified in tumor. In this study, we employed A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells and showed that PSMA7 inhibits the proliferation, tumorigenicity and invasion of A549 cells in vitro. Moreover, both gain and loss of function studies demonstrated that PSMA7 modulates the tumorigenicity of A549 cells in a xenograft nude mice model. In conclusion, these results identify inhibitory effects associated with PSMA7 that affect the tumorigenicity of A549 cells, suggesting PSMA7 as a potential tumor biomarker.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presenting with nonmicronodular or micronodular cirrhosis are usually treated by hepatectomy. The value of resection for patients with hepatitis B virus-related macronodular cirrhosis, however, remains unknown because of potentially fatal complications of this procedure. METHODS Clinicopathological data were analyzed for 85 resected HCC patients with hepatitis B virus-related macronodular cirrhosis. An additional 255 patients with nonmicronodular and micronodular cirrhosis were randomly selected during the same period as the control group. RESULTS Compared with nonmicronodular and micronodular cirrhosis patients, macronodular cirrhotic patients exhibited elevated alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and γ-glutamyltransferase levels, higher Child-Pugh classification, higher indocyanine green retention rate at 15 min (ICG R15), and more number of total complications. No significant differences were observed between the two groups with regard to major complications, mortality, overall survival, and recurrence-free survival. The morbidity rate was relatively low in patients exhibiting low ICG R15 (<10%). Cox analysis identified small tumors (≤ 5 cm) and radical resection as independent prognostic factors that could predict long-term overall survival. Radical resection can result in high recurrence-free survival in macronodular cirrhotic patients. CONCLUSION Resection is safe for macronodular cirrhotic HCC patients, and radical resection provides a positive outcome. Small-sized patients are good candidates for hepatectomy. Macronodular cirrhosis should not rule out hepatectomy in patients with low ICG R15.
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Lin M, Eng C, Hawk ET, Huang M, Greisinger AJ, Gu J, Ellis LM, Wu X, Lin J. Genetic variants within ultraconserved elements and susceptibility to right- and left-sided colorectal adenocarcinoma. Carcinogenesis 2012; 33:841-7. [PMID: 22318908 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgs096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated whether single nucleotide polymorphisms within ultraconserved elements (UCEs) are associated with susceptibility to overall colorectal cancer (CRC) and susceptibility to tumor site-specific CRC. The study included 787 CRC patients and 551 healthy controls. The study comprised of a training set (520 cases and 341 controls) and a replication set (267 cases and 210 controls). We observed associations in rs7849 and rs1399685 with CRC risk. For example, a dose-dependent trend (per-allele odds ratio (OR), 0.78; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.63-1.00; P for trend = 0.05) associated with the variant allele of rs7849 in the training set. The significant trend toward a decrease in CRC risk was confirmed in the replication set (per-allele OR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.52-0.99; P for trend = 0.044). When stratified by tumor location, for left-sided CRC (LCRC) risk, significant association was observed for the variant-containing genotypes of rs1399685 (OR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.02-3.06) and the risk was replicated in the replication population (OR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.02-4.07). The variant genotypes of rs9784100 and rs7849 conferred decreased risk but the associations were not replicated. Three right-sided CRC (RCRC) susceptibility loci were identified in rs6124509, rs4243289 and rs12218935 but none of the loci was replicated. Joint effects and potential higher order gene-gene interactions among significant variants further categorized patients into different risk groups. Our results strongly suggest that several genetic variants in the UCEs may contribute to CRC susceptibility, individually and jointly, and that different genetic etiology may be involved in RCRC and LCRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moubin Lin
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Prevalence of hepatitis B in the southeast of China: a population-based study with a large sample size. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2011; 23:695-700. [PMID: 21617533 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0b013e328347322b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hepatitis B is a major public health problem in China. However, in the past 10 years, estimates of the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) have been sparse, with results that do not always agree. The purpose of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of HBV in adults and to provide the most recent baseline data for planning and monitoring of health. METHODS The prevalence of HBV was determined in a community-based, cross-sectional, age-stratified sample of adults (aged 20 years or older). The study population was selected using random multistage cluster sampling. Demographic information and serological samples were obtained from 19 933 participants. RESULTS The prevalence of anti-HBV core antibody, HBV surface antigen (HBsAg), and anti-HBV surface antibody was 38.6, 7.9, and 44.9%, respectively. We found statistically significant differences in hepatitis B infection between men and women (P<0.001). The prevalence of HBV infection increased with age. The rates of HBsAg positivity and HBV infection in individuals living on an island were higher than those of individuals living in plains. The alanine aminotransferase level was elevated (≥38 IU/l) in 15.7 and 7.2% of HBsAg-positive and HBsAg-negative patients; the proportion of elevated alanine aminotransferase was markedly higher in men (12.7%) than in women (4.7%) (P<0.001). The α-fetoprotein-positive rate was 2% in HBsAg-positive individuals who were aged 30 years or older. CONCLUSION Borderline intermediate/high endemicity was found among adults in the northern region of Zhejiang Province. The vaccination program has contributed to a reduction in infection over the last 20 years, although further efforts are required to turn the region into a 'low-endemicity' area.
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Nohata N, Sone Y, Hanazawa T, Fuse M, Kikkawa N, Yoshino H, Chiyomaru T, Kawakami K, Enokida H, Nakagawa M, Shozu M, Okamoto Y, Seki N. miR-1 as a tumor suppressive microRNA targeting TAGLN2 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2011; 2:29-42. [PMID: 21378409 PMCID: PMC3248152 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on the microRNA (miRNA) expression signatures of hypopharyngeal and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, we found that miR-1 was significantly down-regulated in cancer cells. In this study, we investigated the functional significance of miR-1 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells and identified miR-1-regulated novel cancer pathways. Gain-of-function studies using miR-1 revealed significant decreases in HNSCC cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. In addition, the promotion of cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest was demonstrated following miR-1 transfection of cancer cells. A search for the targets of miR-1 revealed that transgelin 2 (TAGLN2) was directly regulated by miR-1. Silencing of TAGLN2 significantly inhibited cell proliferation and invasion in HNSCC cells. Down-regulation of miR-1 and up-regulation of TAGLN2 were confirmed in HNSCC clinical specimens. Our data indicate that TAGLN2 may have an oncogenic function and may be regulated by miR-1, a tumor suppressive miRNA in HNSCC. The identification of novel miR-1-regulated cancer pathways could provide new insights into potential molecular mechanisms of HNSCC carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nijiro Nohata
- Department of Functional Genomics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
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Yoshino H, Chiyomaru T, Enokida H, Kawakami K, Tatarano S, Nishiyama K, Nohata N, Seki N, Nakagawa M. The tumour-suppressive function of miR-1 and miR-133a targeting TAGLN2 in bladder cancer. Br J Cancer 2011; 104:808-18. [PMID: 21304530 PMCID: PMC3048214 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2011.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND On the base of the microRNA (miRNA) expression signature of bladder cancer (BC), we found that miR-1 and miR-133a were significantly downregulated in BC. In this study, we focussed on the functional significance of miR-1 and miR-133a in BC cell lines and identified a molecular network of these miRNAs. METHODS AND RESULTS We investigated the miRNA expression signature of BC clinical specimens and identified several downregulated miRNAs (miR-133a, miR-204, miR-1, miR-139-5p, and miR-370). MiR-1 and miR-133a showed potential role of tumour suppressors by functional analyses of BC cells such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion assays. Molecular target searches of these miRNAs showed that transgelin 2 (TAGLN2) was directly regulated by both miR-1 and miR-133a. Silencing of TAGLN2 study demonstrated significant inhibitions of cell proliferation and increase of apoptosis in BC cell lines. The immunohistochemistry showed a positive correlation between TAGLN2 expression and tumour grade in clinical BC specimens. CONCLUSIONS The downregulation of miR-1 and miR-133a was a frequent event in BC, and these miRNAs were recognised as tumour suppressive. TAGLN2 may be a target of both miRNAs and had a potential oncogenic function. Therefore, novel molecular networks provided by miRNAs may provide new insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yoshino
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
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Lee EK, Han GY, Park HW, Song YJ, Kim CW. Transgelin promotes migration and invasion of cancer stem cells. J Proteome Res 2010; 9:5108-17. [PMID: 20707403 DOI: 10.1021/pr100378z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested the existence of a small subset of cancer cells called cancer stem cells (CSCs), which possess the ability to initiate malignancies, promote tumor formation, drive metastasis, and evade conventional chemotherapies. Elucidation of the specific signaling pathway and mechanism underlying the action of CSCs might improve the efficacy of cancer treatments. In this study, we analyzed differentially expressed proteins between tumerigenic and nontumorigenic cells isolated from the human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line, Huh7, via proteomic analysis to identify proteins correlated with specific features of CSCs. The expression level of Transgelin was 25-fold higher in tumorigenic cells than nontumorigenic cells. Similar results were also observed in tumorigenic cells derived from colorectal adenocarcinoma and prostate carcinoma. More importantly, the elevated levels of Transgelin significantly increased the invasiveness of tumorigenic cells, whereas reduced levels decreased the invasive potential. Moreover, in tumors derived from Huh7-induced xenografts, Transgelin was also co-expressed with CXCR4, which is responsible for tumor invasion. Taken together, these results indicate that the metastatic potential of CSCs arises from highly expressed Transgelin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Kyung Lee
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
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Sconocchia G, Zlobec I, Lugli A, Calabrese D, Iezzi G, Karamitopoulou E, Patsouris ES, Peros G, Horcic M, Tornillo L, Zuber M, Droeser R, Muraro MG, Mengus C, Oertli D, Ferrone S, Terracciano L, Spagnoli GC. Tumor infiltration by FcγRIII (CD16)+ myeloid cells is associated with improved survival in patients with colorectal carcinoma. Int J Cancer 2010; 128:2663-72. [PMID: 20715106 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.25609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2010] [Accepted: 07/22/2010] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The prognostic significance of macrophage and natural killer (NK) cell infiltration in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) microenvironment is unclear. We investigated the CRC innate inflammatory infiltrate in over 1,600 CRC using two independent tissue microarrays and immunohistochemistry. Survival time was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis in a multivariable setting. Spearman's rank correlation tested the association between macrophage and lymphocyte infiltration. The Basel study included over 1,400 CRCs. The level of CD16+ cell infiltration correlated with that of CD3+ and CD8+ lymphocytes but not with NK cell infiltration. Patients with high CD16+ cell infiltration (score 2) survived longer than patients with low (score 1) infiltration (p = 0.008), while no survival difference between patients with score 1 or 2 for CD56+ (p = 0.264) or CD57+ cell (p = 0.583) infiltration was detected. CD16+ infiltrate was associated with improved survival even after adjusting for known prognostic factors including pT, pN, grade, vascular invasion, tumor growth and age [(p = 0.001: HR (95% CI) = 0.71 (0.6-0.9)]. These effects were independent from CD8+ lymphocyte infiltration [(p = 0.036: HR (95% CI) = 0.81 (0.7-0.9)] and presence of metastases [(p = 0.002: HR (95% CI) = 0.43 (0.3-0.7)]. Phenotypic studies identified CD16+ as CD45+CD33+CD11b+CD11c+ but CD64- HLA-DR-myeloid cells. Beneficial effects of CD16+ cell infiltration were independently validated by a study carried out at the University of Athens confirming that patients with CD16 score 2 survived longer than patients with score 1 CRCs (p = 0.011). Thus, CD16+ cell infiltration represents a novel favorable prognostic factor in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Sconocchia
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Neurobiology and Molecular Medicine, CNR, Rome, Italy.
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Heller A, Zörnig I, Müller T, Giorgadze K, Frei C, Giese T, Bergmann F, Schmidt J, Werner J, Buchler MW, Jaeger D, Giese NA. Immunogenicity of SEREX-identified antigens and disease outcome in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2010; 59:1389-400. [PMID: 20514540 PMCID: PMC11029919 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-010-0870-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2010] [Accepted: 05/15/2010] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite spontaneous or vaccination-induced immune responses, pancreatic cancer remains one of the most deadly immunotherapy-resistant malignancies. We sought to comprehend the spectrum of pancreatic tumor-associated antigens (pTAAs) and to assess the clinical relevance of their immunogenicity. An autologous SEREX-based screening of a cDNA library constructed from a pancreatic T3N0M0/GIII specimen belonging to a long-term survivor (36 months) revealed 18 immunogenic pTAA. RT-PCR analysis displayed broad distribution of the identified antigens among normal human tissues. PNLIPRP2 and MIA demonstrated the most distinct pancreatic cancer-specific patterns. ELISA-based screening of sera for corresponding autoantibodies revealed that although significantly increased, the immunogenicity of these molecules was not a common feature in pancreatic cancer. QRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry characterized PNLIPRP2 as a robust acinar cell-specific marker whose decreased expression mirrored the disappearance of parenchyma in the diseased organ, but was not related to the presence of PNLIPRP2 autoantibodies. Analyses of MIA-known to be preferentially expressed in malignant cells-surprisingly revealed an inverse correlation between intratumoral gene expression and the emergence of autoantibodies. MIA(high) patients were autoantibody-negative and had shorter median survival when compared with autoantibody-positive MIA(low) patients (12 vs. 34 months). The observed pTAA spectrum comprised molecules associated with acinar, stromal and malignant structures, thus presenting novel targets for tumor cell-specific therapies as well as for approaches based on the bystander effects. Applying the concept of cancer immunoediting to interpret relationships between gene expression, antitumor immune responses, and clinical outcome might better discriminate between past and ongoing immune responses, consequently enabling prognostic stratification of patients and individual adjustment of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Heller
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 116, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - I. Zörnig
- Medical Oncology, National Centre of Tumor Diseases (NCT), University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 350, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T. Müller
- Medical Oncology, National Centre of Tumor Diseases (NCT), University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 350, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - K. Giorgadze
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 116, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C. Frei
- Medical Oncology, National Centre of Tumor Diseases (NCT), University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 350, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T. Giese
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 305, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F. Bergmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 220, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J. Schmidt
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 116, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J. Werner
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 116, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M. W. Buchler
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 116, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - D. Jaeger
- Medical Oncology, National Centre of Tumor Diseases (NCT), University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 350, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - N. A. Giese
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 116, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Roy L, Laboissière S, Abdou E, Thibault G, Hamel N, Taheri M, Boismenu D, Lanoix J, Kearney RE, Paiement J. Proteomic analysis of the transitional endoplasmic reticulum in hepatocellular carcinoma: an organelle perspective on cancer. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2010; 1804:1869-81. [PMID: 20576523 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2010.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2010] [Revised: 05/05/2010] [Accepted: 05/18/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The transitional endoplasmic reticulum (tER) is composed of both rough and smooth ER membranes and thus participates in functions attributed to both these two subcellular compartments. In this paper we have compared the protein composition of tER isolated from dissected liver tumor nodules of aflatoxin B1-treated rats with that of tER from control liver. Tandem mass spectrometry (MS), peptide counts and immunoblot validation were used to identify and determine the relative expression level of proteins. Inhibitors of apoptosis (i.e. PGRMC1, tripeptidyl peptidase II), proteins involved in ribosome biogenesis (i.e. nucleophosmin, nucleolin), proteins involved in translation (i.e. eEF-2, and subunits of eIF-3), proteins involved in ubiquitin metabolism (i.e. proteasome subunits, USP10) and proteins involved in membrane traffic (i.e. SEC13-like 1, SEC23B, dynactin 1) were found overexpressed in tumor tER. Transcription factors (i.e. Pur-beta, BTF3) and molecular targets for C-Myc and NF-kappa B were observed overexpressed in tER from tumor nodules. Down-regulated proteins included cytochrome P450 proteins and enzymes involved in fatty acid metabolism and in steroid metabolism. Unexpectedly expression of the protein folding machinery (i.e. calreticulin) and proteins of the MHC class I peptide-loading complex did not change. Proteins of unknown function were detected in association with the tER and the novel proteins showing differential expression are potential new tumor markers. In many cases differential expression of proteins in tumor tER was comparable to that of corresponding genes reported in the Oncomine human database. Thus the molecular profile of tumor tER is different and this may confer survival advantage to tumor cells in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line Roy
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Proteomics Services, Genome Quebec, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Sun W, Ma J, Wu S, Yang D, Yan Y, Liu K, Wang J, Sun L, Chen N, Wei H, Zhu Y, Xing B, Zhao X, Qian X, Jiang Y, He F. Characterization of the liver tissue interstitial fluid (TIF) proteome indicates potential for application in liver disease biomarker discovery. J Proteome Res 2010; 9:1020-31. [PMID: 20038183 DOI: 10.1021/pr9009172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tissue interstitial fluid (TIF) forms the interface between circulating body fluids and intracellular fluid. Pathological alterations of liver cells could be reflected in TIF, making it a promising source of liver disease biomarkers. Mouse liver TIF was extracted, separated by SDS-PAGE, analyzed by linear ion trap mass spectrometer, and 1450 proteins were identified. These proteins may be secreted, shed from membrane vesicles, or represent cellular breakdown products. They show different profiling patterns, quantities, and possibly modification/cleavage of intracellular proteins. The high solubility and even distribution of liver TIF supports its suitability for proteome analysis. Comparison of mouse liver TIF data with liver tissue and plasma proteome data identified major proteins that might be released from liver to plasma and serve as blood biomarkers of liver origin. This result was partially supported by comparison of human liver TIF data with human liver and plasma proteome data. Paired TIFs from tumor and nontumor liver tissues of a hepatocellular carcinoma patient were analyzed and the profile of subtracted differential proteins supports the potential for biomarker discovery in TIF. This study is the first analysis of the liver TIF proteome and provides a foundation for further application of TIF in liver disease biomarker discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 102206, PR China
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Rho JH, Roehrl MHA, Wang JY. Tissue proteomics reveals differential and compartment-specific expression of the homologs transgelin and transgelin-2 in lung adenocarcinoma and its stroma. J Proteome Res 2010; 8:5610-8. [PMID: 19848416 DOI: 10.1021/pr900705r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Discovery of tissue-specific biomarkers for human cancer is crucial for early diagnosis and molecular understanding of the disease. To overcome the limitations posed by the large dynamic concentration range and compositional complexity of tissue biomacromolecules, we applied heparin affinity fractionation for proteomic enrichment. Comparing the proteomes of five paired samples of normal lung and pulmonary adenocarcinoma tissue by 2-D difference gel electrophoresis, 14 spots were found to be differentially expressed. From these candidate spots, three proteins overexpressed in cancer were identified by mass spectrometry as transgelin (TAGLN, SM22-alpha, WS3-10), transgelin-2 (TAGLN2), and cyclophilin A (PPIA). Quantitative RT-PCR indicated that both TAGLN2 and PPIA were upregulated at the transcriptional level. Differential protein expression levels were validated by Western blot analysis using an independent set of 10 paired lung adenocarcinoma samples. Using immunohistochemistry on human tissue sections, we discovered that overexpression of TAGLN was strictly localized to the tumor-induced reactive myofibroblastic stromal tissue compartment, whereas overexpression of TAGLN2 was exclusively localized to the neoplastic glandular compartment. Thus, the highly homologous protein pair TAGLN and TAGLN2 displayed mutually exclusive, compartment-specific cell type expression regulation in tumor stroma vs neoplastic epithelial cells. Our data further suggest that TAGLN may be a marker of active stromal remodeling in the vicinity of invasive carcinomas. It may shed light on mechanisms of tumor-stroma interaction and could be useful for early diagnosis, treatment guidance, and treatment response monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hyun Rho
- Department of Medicine, Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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41
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Peng J, Zhang Q, Ma Y, Wang Y, Huang L, Zhang P, Chen J, Qin H. A rat-to-human search for proteomic alterations reveals transgelin as a biomarker relevant to colorectal carcinogenesis and liver metastasis. Electrophoresis 2009; 30:2976-2987. [PMID: 19711377 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200900203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a modified rat model similar to the classic human evolution of colorectal cancer (CRC) was established. As such, the altered profiles of proteins involved in these processes were further verified in human specimens, so as to determine the potential biomarkers relevant to human CRC development. Protein samples of four specific stages involved in CRC progression ((i) normal mucosa, (ii) adenoma, (iii) carcinoma, and (iv) liver metastasis)) were investigated by 2-DE. One protein spot displayed sequential suppression in the course of colorectal malignant transformation and was identified as transgelin by mass spectrometry. A decrease in its expression in both the epithelium and lamina propria was further confirmed by Western blot and immunohistochemistry analyses. Clinical and pathological parameter analysis revealed that downregulation of transgelin was associated with poor differentiation, and subsequent Dukes Stage and lower survival rate. Paradoxically, its sera level was significantly higher in CRC patients than in healthy donors, and the rise became dramatic, particularly in later Dukes Stages. These results indicate that downregulation of transgelin, in both the epithelium and lamina propria and accompanied with colorectal carcinogenesis, is correlated with worse prognosis. Its elevated serum levels might be the result of pathological hyperplasia of myofibroblasts and smooth muscle cells together with deeper tumor invasion into muscle layers. This altered expression represents interactions between cancer epithelium and stroma, such that transgelin might be a potential marker for CRC genesis and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayuan Peng
- The Department of Surgery, The Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Qingfu Zhang
- The Department of Surgery, The Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yanlei Ma
- The Department of Surgery, The Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- The Department of Surgery, The Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Long Huang
- The Department of Surgery, The Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Peng Zhang
- The Department of Surgery, The Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Huanlong Qin
- The Department of Surgery, The Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
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Abou MAA, Eltahir YM, Ali AS. Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus among blood donors in Nyala, South Dar Fur, Sudan. Virol J 2009; 6:227. [PMID: 20028507 PMCID: PMC2804613 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-6-227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2009] [Accepted: 12/22/2009] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections and the possible risk factors among blood donors in Nyala, South Dar Fur State of western Sudan, which has never been studied before. A total of 400 male blood donors were tested for the detection of HBsAg and anti-HCV antibodies, (6.25%) were found reactive for HBsAg and (0.65%) were reactive for anti-HCV antibodies. The highest seroprevalence (30.8%) was found in those between 19-24 and 37-42 years for HBsAg, whereas it was (50%) in those between 31-36 years for anti-HCV antibodies. Unprotected sexual activities (20%) was the most apparent predisposing risk factor for both HBV and HCV seroreactors, followed by razor sharing (13.3%), parenteral drug injections (10%), history of migration to Egypt and alcoholism (6.6%) for each, tattooing and surgical procedures (3.3%) for each and (36.6%) were not aware for their condition. Serum alanine aminotansferase (ALT) was elevated in (30.7%) of HBV seroreactors and in (50%) of HCV seroreactors. Serum albumin was reduced in (23.1%) HBV and in (50%) HCV seroreactors. The study concluded that the seroprevalence of HBV and HCV was in an intermediate and low rates respectively and unprotected sexual activities was the major risk factor for infection in the population studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Abdalla Ali Abou
- Department of Laboratories Administration, State Ministry of Health, South Dar Fur State, Nyala, Sudan.
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Canzler U, Bartsch H, Ulitzsch S, Kurien BT, Dorri Y, Scofield RH, Grossmann K, Lehmann W, Pilarsky C, Denz A, Grützmann R, Conrad K, Schmitz M, Rieber EP, Distler W, Bachmann MP. Detection of autoantibodies to tumour-associated antigens in sera of patients with systemic autoimmunity using a novel protein microblot array. Scand J Immunol 2009; 69:563-9. [PMID: 19439018 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2009.02257.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that sera of patients with systemic autoimmunity contain autoantibodies to nuclear antigens. It is also known that patients with systemic autoimmunity have an increased risk for the development of tumours. Interestingly, tumour patients frequently develop autoantibodies and there is a growing list of potential tumour-associated antigens. It is, however, not known whether or not patients with systemic autoimmunity also develop antibodies to tumour-associated antigens. Here we describe the development of a novel multiprotein array allowing us to screen for autoantibodies to 30 different tumour-associated antigens in parallel. Using this novel assay, we found that the frequency of autoantibodies to the selected tumour-associated antigens is increased between 2- and 14-fold in patients with systemic autoimmunity compared with an age-matched control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Canzler
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
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Transgelin as a suppressor is associated with poor prognosis in colorectal carcinoma patients. Mod Pathol 2009; 22:786-96. [PMID: 19329940 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2009.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We performed comparative proteomic analysis of colorectal cancer to investigate potential target proteins correlated with carcinogenesis and prognosis. Among them, transgelin, a 22 kDa protein also called SM22, was identified as a novel tumor suppressor protein, but little is known about this protein in tumors so far. A remarkable reduced expression of transgelin was found in colorectal cancer samples compared with normal colorectal mucosa. The effect of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine as a demethylation agent would obviously restore the original expression level of transgelin, implicating DNA hypermethylation of transgelin is important in the regulation of transgelin transcription in colorectal cancer. As a control, the investigation at cell line level confirms that transgelin protein comes from epithelium but not mesenchymal cells. Further, immunohistochemical staining for transgelin was performed on paraffin sections of 62 and 126 cases of normal colorectal mucosa and colorectal cancer specimens, respectively. As compared to normal colorectal tissue, we observed a significantly lower transgelin expression in colorectal cancer samples (P<0.001). Survival analysis demonstrated that patients without transgelin expression had shorter overall survival, whereas patients with transgelin expression had better survival (P=0.006). Multivariate analysis showed that negative transgelin expression was an independent prognostic indicator for patient's survival. Our results suggest that transgelin as a suppressor may serve as important biomarker of malignancy. Loss of transgelin involves gene promoter hypermethylation and is closely associated with poor overall survival in colorectal cancer patients.
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Brewer BG, Mitchell RA, Harandi A, Eaton JW. Embryonic vaccines against cancer: An early history. Exp Mol Pathol 2009; 86:192-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2008.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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46
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Down-regulation of SM22/transgelin gene expression during H9c2 cells differentiation. Mol Cell Biochem 2009; 327:145-52. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-009-0052-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2008] [Accepted: 02/04/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Riener MO, Wild PJ, Soll C, Knuth A, Jin B, Jungbluth A, Hellerbrand C, Clavien PA, Moch H, Jochum W. Frequent expression of the novel cancer testis antigen MAGE-C2/CT-10 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Cancer 2009; 124:352-7. [PMID: 18942708 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.23966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cancer testis (CT) antigens are attractive targets for immunotherapy in cancer patients. Immunohistochemistry was used to study the expression of the CT antigens MAGE-C2/CT-10, MAGE-C1/CT-7, GAGE, MAGE-A4 and NY-ESO-1 in 146 hepatocellular carcinomas, 13 intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas, 37 extrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas and 32 gallbladder carcinomas. Immunopositivity was correlated with clinicopathological parameters, MHC Class 1 expression, intratumoral CD4+, CD8+ and FOXP3+ T cells and CD163+ antigen-presenting cells. Of the 146 hepatocellular carcinomas, 34% were positive for MAGE-C2/CT-10, 12% for MAGE-C1/CT-7, 11% for GAGE and 2% for NY-ESO-1, respectively. MHC Class 1 coexpression was identified in almost all CT antigen-positive tumors. The number of intratumoral FOXP3+ regulatory T cells was increased in CT antigen-positive hepatocellular carcinomas (p<0.004), suggesting inhibition of immune response in such tumors. Furthermore, MAGE-C1/CT-7 and GAGE positivity was correlated with reduced overall survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (p=0.03 and 0.01, respectively). Four (13%) gallbladder carcinomas stained positive for MAGE-C2/CT-10, of which 1 tumor (3%) was also positive for NY-ESO-1 and GAGE. CT antigens were not expressed in intra- and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas. Our results suggest that MAGE-C2/CT-10 may be a good candidate for peptide vaccination in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Label-free detection of cancer biomarker candidates using surface plasmon resonance imaging. Anal Bioanal Chem 2008; 393:1157-63. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-008-2448-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2008] [Revised: 09/22/2008] [Accepted: 09/30/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Engelsen IB, Mannelqvist M, Stefansson IM, Carter SL, Beroukhim R, Øyan AM, Otte AP, Kalland KH, Akslen LA, Salvesen HB. Low BMI-1 expression is associated with an activated BMI-1-driven signature, vascular invasion, and hormone receptor loss in endometrial carcinoma. Br J Cancer 2008; 98:1662-9. [PMID: 18475299 PMCID: PMC2391115 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We studied the expression of polycomb group (PcG) protein BMI-1 in a large population-based patient series of endometrial carcinomas in relation to clinical and molecular phenotype. Also, 57 fresh frozen endometrial carcinomas were studied for the relationship between BMI-1 protein expression, BMI-1 mRNA level, and activation of an 11-gene signature reported to represent a BMI-1-driven pathway. BMI-1 protein expression was significantly weaker in tumours with vascular invasion (P<0.0001), deep myometrial infiltration (P=0.004), and loss of oestrogen receptor (ER) (P<0.0001) and progesterone receptors (PR) (P=0.03). Low BMI-1 protein expression was highly associated with low BMI-1 mRNA expression (P=0.002), and similarly low BMI-1 mRNA expression correlated significantly with vascular invasion, ER and PR loss, and histologic grade 3. In contrast, activation of the reported 11-gene signature, supposed to represent a BMI-1-driven pathway, correlated with low mRNA expression of BMI-1 (P<0.001), hormone receptor loss, presence of vascular invasion, and poor prognosis. We conclude that BMI-1 protein and mRNA expression are significantly correlated and that BMI-1 expression is inversely associated with activation of the 11-gene signature. Loss of BMI-1 seems to be associated with an aggressive phenotype in endometrial carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- I B Engelsen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen 5021, Norway.
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50
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Huang Q, Huang Q, Chen W, Wang L, Lin W, Lin J, Lin X. Identification of transgelin as a potential novel biomarker for gastric adenocarcinoma based on proteomics technology. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2008; 134:1219-27. [PMID: 18446369 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-008-0398-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2007] [Accepted: 04/14/2008] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To find a biomarker for gastric adenocarcinomas (GA). METHODS Ten protein expression profiles of GA and paired non-neoplastic mucosa tissues were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Forty-two protein spots that were differentially expressed by twofold or greater between cancer and normal mucosa tissue were excised and identified by MALDI-TOF/TOF MS. One of the over-expressed proteins identified in GA was transgelin, which was chosen for further verification by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. RESULTS Forty-two distinct proteins that were differentially expressed at least twofold between the tissues were identified. Expression of 29 of these proteins was decreased (ratio >or= 2, P < 0.01), including adenosine deaminase; and 13 proteins displayed over-expression in cancer tissue (ratio >or= 2, P < 0.01), including transgelin. The results of immunohistochemistry confirmed that transgelin was indeed over-expressed in 22 cases of GA (22/41, 53.66%), with strong cytoplasmic staining in cancer cells of positive samples, this was absent in most paired non-neoplastic mucosa cells or gastric ulcer tissues (n = 20). Transgelin was found over-expressed in 21 samples of cancer tissue (21/41, 51.22%) when detected by western blot. CONCLUSION This work demonstrates that differentially expressed proteins can be identified by proteomics technology combined with immunohistochemistry and western blot analyses. We have identified one such protein, transgelin, as a novel biomarker for GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaojia Huang
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Oncology, Research Center of Molecular Medicine, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiaotong Road, Fuzhou, 350004, People's Republic of China
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