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Algera MD, Van de Vijver KK, van Driel WJ, Slangen BFM, Lof FC, van der Aa M, Kruitwagen RFPM, Lok CAR. Outcomes of patients with early stage mucinous ovarian carcinoma: a Dutch population-based cohort study comparing expansile and infiltrative subtypes. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2024:ijgc-2023-004955. [PMID: 38460968 DOI: 10.1136/ijgc-2023-004955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the outcomes of patients with early stage mucinous ovarian carcinoma based on subtype (expansile vs infiltrative). METHODS We retrospectively analyzed all surgically treated patients with mucinous ovarian carcinoma in the Netherlands (2015-2020), using data from national registries. Subtypes were determined, with any ambiguities resolved by a dedicated gynecologic pathologist. Patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage I were categorized into full staging, fertility-sparing, or partial stagings. Outcomes were overall survival and recurrence free survival, and recurrence rates. RESULTS Among 409 identified patients, 257 (63%) had expansile and 152 (37%) had infiltrative tumors. Patients with expansile tumors had FIGO stage I more frequently (n=243, 95% vs n=116, 76%, p<0.001). For FIGO stage I disease, patients with expansile and infiltrative tumors underwent similar proportions of partial (n=165, 68% vs n=78, 67%), full (n=32, 13% vs n=23, 20%), and fertility-sparing stagings (n=46, 19% vs n=15, 13%) (p=0.139). Patients with expansile FIGO stage I received less adjuvant chemotherapy (n=11, 5% vs n=24, 21%, p<0.001), exhibited better overall and recurrence free survival (p=0.006, p=0.012), and fewer recurrences (n=13, 5% vs n=16, 14%, p=0.011). Survival and recurrence rates were similar across the expansile extent of staging groups. Patients undergoing fertility-sparing staging for infiltrative tumors had more recurrences compared with full or partial stagings, while recurrence free survival was similar across these groups. Full staging correlated with better overall survival in infiltrative FIGO stage I (p=0.022). CONCLUSIONS While most patients with FIGO stage I underwent partial staging, those with expansile had better outcomes than those with infiltrative tumors. Full staging was associated with improved overall survival in infiltrative, but not in expansile FIGO stage I. These results provide insight for tailored surgical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Daniël Algera
- Maastricht University GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Scientific Bureau, Dutch Institute for Clinical Auditing, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Koen K Van de Vijver
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Pathology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Willemien J van Driel
- Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, Center for Gynecologic Oncology Amsterdam, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Brigitte F M Slangen
- Maastricht University GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Fabienne C Lof
- Department of Gynaecology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - R F P M Kruitwagen
- Maastricht University GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Christianne A R Lok
- Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, Center for Gynecologic Oncology Amsterdam, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Das S, Dey MK, Devireddy R, Gartia MR. Biomarkers in Cancer Detection, Diagnosis, and Prognosis. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 24:37. [PMID: 38202898 PMCID: PMC10780704 DOI: 10.3390/s24010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Biomarkers are vital in healthcare as they provide valuable insights into disease diagnosis, prognosis, treatment response, and personalized medicine. They serve as objective indicators, enabling early detection and intervention, leading to improved patient outcomes and reduced costs. Biomarkers also guide treatment decisions by predicting disease outcomes and facilitating individualized treatment plans. They play a role in monitoring disease progression, adjusting treatments, and detecting early signs of recurrence. Furthermore, biomarkers enhance drug development and clinical trials by identifying suitable patients and accelerating the approval process. In this review paper, we described a variety of biomarkers applicable for cancer detection and diagnosis, such as imaging-based diagnosis (CT, SPECT, MRI, and PET), blood-based biomarkers (proteins, genes, mRNA, and peptides), cell imaging-based diagnosis (needle biopsy and CTC), tissue imaging-based diagnosis (IHC), and genetic-based biomarkers (RNAseq, scRNAseq, and spatial transcriptomics).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Manas Ranjan Gartia
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; (S.D.); (M.K.D.); (R.D.)
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3
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Kawasaki K, Yoshitomi H, Furukawa K, Takayashiki T, Kuboki S, Takano S, Kagawa S, Ohtsuka M. Lymph node involvement is rare in mucinous cystic neoplasms of the pancreas: Role of minimally invasive surgery. Mol Clin Oncol 2023; 19:92. [PMID: 37854330 PMCID: PMC10580257 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2023.2688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucinous cystic neoplasm (MCN) is a premalignant cystic tumor of the pancreas. Resection of MCN in the distal pancreas is a standard treatment; however, at present, there is no consensus on the necessity or extent of lymph node dissection, and minimally invasive pancreatectomy is commonly the preferred surgical technique. Thus, the present study aimed to assess the efficacy of minimally invasive surgery and the extent of lymph node metastasis as factors in determining an appropriate surgical treatment for MCN. The present study retrospectively analyzed 21 consecutive patients who underwent distal pancreatectomy (DP) for MCN under general anesthesia at Chiba University Hospital (Chiba, Japan) between April 2011 and July 2019. All 21 patients were female. DP with a splenectomy was performed in all the patients. A total of 14 patients underwent laparoscopic DP (LDP). No lymph node metastasis was found in any of the patients. The minimally invasive surgery group had lower operative blood loss and a shorter hospital stay than the open surgery group. There was no significant difference in the number of dissected lymph nodes between the open surgery group and the minimally invasive surgery group. Preoperative findings of malignancy in MCN included solid components on enhanced CT and endoscopic ultrasonography, high carbohydrate antigen 19-9 values and large tumor size. In conclusion, DP with spleen preservation, which is minimally invasive, may be preferentially considered as a surgical technique for MCN without malignant findings because lymph node metastases are rare in MCN and were not observed in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keishi Kawasaki
- Department of General Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Chiba 260-0856, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Koshigaya, Saitama 343-8555, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Yoshitomi
- Department of General Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Chiba 260-0856, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Koshigaya, Saitama 343-8555, Japan
| | - Katsunori Furukawa
- Department of General Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Chiba 260-0856, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Takayashiki
- Department of General Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Chiba 260-0856, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kuboki
- Department of General Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Chiba 260-0856, Japan
| | - Shigetsugu Takano
- Department of General Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Chiba 260-0856, Japan
| | - Shingo Kagawa
- Department of General Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Chiba 260-0856, Japan
| | - Masayuki Ohtsuka
- Department of General Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Chiba 260-0856, Japan
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Craig O, Nigam A, Dall GV, Gorringe K. Rare Epithelial Ovarian Cancers: Low Grade Serous and Mucinous Carcinomas. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2023; 13:a038190. [PMID: 37277207 PMCID: PMC10513165 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a038190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The ovarian epithelial cancer histotypes can be divided into common and rare types. Common types include high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas and the endometriosis-associated cancers, endometrioid and clear-cell carcinomas. The less common histotypes are mucinous and low-grade serous, each comprising less than 10% of all epithelial carcinomas. Although histologically and epidemiologically distinct from each other, these histotypes share some genetic and natural history features that distinguish them from the more common types. In this review, we will consider the similarities and differences of these rare histological types, and the clinical challenges they pose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Craig
- Department of Laboratory Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Abhimanyu Nigam
- Department of Laboratory Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | | | - Kylie Gorringe
- Department of Laboratory Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
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Wang Y, Liu L, Yu Y. Mucins and mucinous ovarian carcinoma: Development, differential diagnosis, and treatment. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19221. [PMID: 37664708 PMCID: PMC10468386 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucinous ovarian carcinoma (MOC) is a rare histological type of epithelial ovarian cancer. It has poor response to conventional platinum-based chemotherapy regimens and PARPi-based maintenance treatment, resulting in short survival and poor prognosis in advanced-disease patients. MOC is characterized by mucus that is mainly composed of mucin in the cystic cavity. Our review discusses in detail the role of mucins in MOC. Mucins are correlated with MOC development. Furthermore, they are valuable in the differential diagnosis of primary and secondary ovarian mucinous tumors. Some types of mucins have been studied in the context of chemoresistance and targeted therapy for ovarian cancer. This review may provide a new direction for the diagnosis and treatment of advanced MOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yicong Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Lifeng Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Yongai Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China
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6
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Birge O, Bakır MS, Karadag C, Doğan S, Tuncer HA, Simsek T. Factors that contribute to the recurrence of mucinous ovarian cancer: Monocenter retrospective evaluation. J Cancer Res Ther 2023; 19:610-616. [PMID: 37470583 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_109_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Purpose In this study, we aimed to put forth the factors that contribute to the recurrence of mucinous ovarian cancer. Materials and Methods Forty-four mucinous ovarian cancer patients who have presented to our clinic between February 2006 and May 2018 took part in the study. In order to predict the factors that contribute to recurrence, the univariate and the multivariate logistic regressions were utilized. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was utilized for survival and the log-rank test was used for the discrepancies between the groups. In the analysis of the data, the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 22 program was used. It was acknowledged to have statistical meaning when the P value in all the tests was lower than 0.05. Findings Recurrence was detected in 20 out of 44 patients who participated in the study. The ages of the patients who did not experience recurrence were significantly lower ( P = 0.001). The patients were detected mostly in Stage 1 (36.4%). In the group of patients without recurrence, systemic lymphadenectomy (43.2%) was greater ( P = 0.019). Lymph node metastasis was three times higher in the group that experienced recurrence ( P = 0.047). When the two groups were compared, the platinum resistance was considerably greater in the group with recurrence ( P = 0.005). In terms of residual tumor, the rate of complete resection was (9%) better in the group that experienced recurrence compared to the group that did not experience recurrence, with a rate of 45.5%. While 12 patients who experienced recurrence died, 6 people died in the other group. From the factors that contribute to recurrence, in terms of residual tumor quantity, this was grouped as complete (R0) resection and optimal + suboptimal (R1 + R2) resection and the following were determined: odds ratio (OR) - 5.7 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.56-20.9) and P = 0.008 for R1 + R2. In univariate analysis, the OR was determined as 1.16 (95% CI: 1.06-1.27) for age. Possessing a Stage 2 and higher disease statistically contributed considerably to the recurrence compared to Stage 1 disease (OR: 6.33; 95% CI: 1.59-25.22; P = 0.009). Age was determined as an independent prognostic risk factor in the multivariate analysis (OR: 1.10 [95% CI: 1.04-1.25]), P = 0.018. Furthermore, the OR for the advanced-stage (Stage 2 or higher) patients in the multivariate analysis was determined as 7.88 (95% CI: 0.78-78.8) and was found to be statistically significant at limits ( P = 0.079). Results We have put forth that the genetic, biological, and clinical characteristics of mucinous ovarian cancers differ from that of other epithelial ovarian cancers, and that age, advanced stage, and residual tumor quantity are prognostic risk factors in terms of recurrence, and that age is an independent prognostic risk factor. Conclusion Biological and clinical characteristics of mucinous ovarian cancers differ from those of other epithelial ovarian cancers, and we observed that the age, advanced stage, and the amount of residual tumor regarding recurrence are prognostic risk factors, while age was determined as an independent prognostic risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozer Birge
- Department of Gynecology Obstetrics, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sait Bakır
- Department of Gynecology Obstetrics, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ceyda Karadag
- Department of Gynecology Obstetrics, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Selen Doğan
- Department of Gynecology Obstetrics, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Hasan Aykut Tuncer
- Department of Gynecology Obstetrics, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Tayup Simsek
- Department of Gynecology Obstetrics, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
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7
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Werner Rönnerman E, Pettersson D, Nemes S, Dahm-Kähler P, Kovács A, Karlsson P, Parris TZ, Helou K. Trefoil factor family proteins as potential diagnostic markers for mucinous invasive ovarian carcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1112152. [PMID: 36818673 PMCID: PMC9932968 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1112152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ovarian cancer (OC) is the leading cause of gynecological cancer-related death. Of the main OC histologic subtypes, invasive mucinous carcinomas (MC) account for only 3% of OC cases and are frequently associated with favorable prognosis. Nevertheless, MCs differ greatly from the other OC histotypes in clinical, pathological, and biological behavior. However, the origin and molecular pathogenesis of MC are not yet fully understood. Therefore, identification of novel diagnostic markers could potentially facilitate early diagnosis of OC, particularly the MC histotype, thereby leading to the development of histotype-specific treatment regimens and improved survival rates. Methods In the present study, Trefoil factor gene family members (TFF1, TFF2 and TFF3) were identified as MC histotype-specific biomarkers using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data for 95 stage I-II OCs. The diagnostic value of TFF1, TFF2 and TFF3 was then evaluated by immunohistochemistry on 206 stage I-II OCs stratified by histotype (high-grade serous carcinoma [HGSC], endometrioid carcinoma [EC], clear cell carcinoma [CCC], and MC). Results We showed significantly elevated intracytoplasmic protein expression levels for TFF1, TFF2 and TFF3 in MC samples, thereby revealing an association between expression of Trefoil factor gene family members and the MC histotype. Taken together, these findings suggest that the TFF proteins may play a pivotal role in tumor initiation and progression for the MC histotype. Conclusion Taken together, these findings suggest that the TFF proteins may play a pivotal role in tumor initiation and progression for the MC histotype. Moreover, these novel histotype-specific diagnostic biomarkers may not only improve patient stratification of early-stage ovarian carcinomas but may also be candidates for the development of molecular targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Werner Rönnerman
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden,Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden,Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden,*Correspondence: Elisabeth Werner Rönnerman,
| | - Daniella Pettersson
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden,Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Szilárd Nemes
- Department of Orthopedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Dahm-Kähler
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anikó Kovács
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per Karlsson
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Toshima Z. Parris
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden,Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Khalil Helou
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden,Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Fang X, Mou H, Ying X, Hou X, Wang L, Wu Y, Yan N, Guo L, Liao Q. Case report: Long-term clinical benefit of pyrotinib therapy following trastuzumab resistance in HER2-amplification recurrent mucinous ovarian carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1024677. [PMID: 36620566 PMCID: PMC9815494 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1024677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced or recurrent mucinous carcinoma of the ovary minimally responds to current cytotoxic treatments and has a poor prognosis. Despite multimodal treatment with chemotherapy and surgery, most patients ultimately progress and require palliative systemic therapy. Anti-HER2 therapy has been demonstrated to be an effective strategy for the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer. However, the role of anti-HER2 therapy in ovarian cancer remains largely unknown. Here, we report the case of a young woman with FIGO Stage IIIc recurrent mucinous ovarian carcinoma (MOC) who developed trastuzumab resistance and disease progression following cross-treatment with trastuzumab combined with pertuzumab. HER2 amplification was discovered using next-generation sequencing (NGS). The patient then received bevacizumab, and pyrotinib (an irreversible HER2 antagonist) plus capecitabine treatment, and achieved a long-term clinical benefit for 22 months. Pyrotinib combined with bevacizumab is a potential treatment for MOC patients who are heavily pretreated and harbor a HER2 amplification. Our case may provide valuable treatment information for patients with advanced or recurrent MOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangming Fang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University, Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haibo Mou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University, Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinxin Ying
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University, Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuehua Hou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University, Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Luo Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University, Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University, Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Naimeng Yan
- Medical Department, OrigiMed Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijie Guo
- Medical Department, OrigiMed Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Liao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University, Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Qin Liao,
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Survival Analysis with High-Dimensional Omics Data Using a Threshold Gradient Descent Regularization-Based Neural Network Approach. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13091674. [PMID: 36140842 PMCID: PMC9498566 DOI: 10.3390/genes13091674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Analysis of data with a censored survival response and high-dimensional omics measurements is now common. Most of the existing analyses are based on specific (semi)parametric models, in particular the Cox model. Such analyses may be limited by not having sufficient flexibility, for example, in accommodating nonlinearity. For categorical and continuous responses, neural networks (NNs) have provided a highly competitive alternative. Comparatively, NNs for censored survival data remain limited. Omics measurements are usually high-dimensional, and only a small subset is expected to be survival-associated. As such, regularized estimation and selection are needed. In the existing NN studies, this is usually achieved via penalization. In this article, we propose adopting the threshold gradient descent regularization (TGDR) technique, which has competitive performance (for example, when compared to penalization) and unique advantages in regression analysis, but has not been adopted with NNs. The TGDR-based NN has a highly sensible formulation and an architecture different from the unregularized and penalization-based ones. Simulations show its satisfactory performance. Its practical effectiveness is further established via the analysis of two cancer omics datasets. Overall, this study can provide a practical and useful new way in the NN paradigm for survival analysis with high-dimensional omics measurements.
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10
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Surgical treatment for clinical early-stage expansile and infiltrative mucinous ovarian cancer: can staging surgeries safely be omitted? Curr Opin Oncol 2022; 34:497-503. [PMID: 35838205 DOI: 10.1097/cco.0000000000000862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Mucinous ovarian cancers (MOCs) are categorized into infiltrative and expansile subtypes. These subtypes have different characteristics and prognoses. Patients with clinical early-stage disease of both subtypes currently undergo surgical staging (peritoneal washing, biopsies, omentectomy). Peritoneal and lymph node metastases of expansile MOC are rare, but whereas lymph node sampling (LNS) is omitted in these patients, peritoneal staging is not. Therefore, we collected all available MOC data to determine whether staging surgeries could safely be omitted in clinical early-stage expansile and infiltrative MOC. RECENT FINDINGS Current literature confirms that peritoneal metastases are rare in expansile MOC: more than 90% of patients have early-stage disease. Only 3.4% of the patients with clinical early-stage expansile MOC had positive peritoneal washings at surgical staging. Patients with infiltrative MOC were diagnosed more frequently with advanced-stage disease (21-54%). Moreover, upstaging clinical early-stage infiltrative MOC based on positive cytology, peritoneum and omentum metastases occurred in 10.3% of the patients. Therefore, we recommend that patients with early-stage infiltrative MOC undergo peritoneal staging and LNS. However, in addition to omitting LNS, we can also safely recommend omitting peritoneal staging in patients with clinical early stage expansile MOC. SUMMARY Peritoneal metastases are rare in clinical early-stage expansile MOC and peritoneal staging can therefore safely be omitted.
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11
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Lian Z, Yan X, Diao Y, Cui D, Liu H. T cell differentiation protein 2 facilitates cell proliferation by enhancing mTOR-mediated ribosome biogenesis in non-small cell lung cancer. Discov Oncol 2022; 13:26. [PMID: 35437691 PMCID: PMC9016107 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-022-00488-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of T cell differentiation protein 2 (MAL2) has been observed in multiple cancers, but its exact role in lung cancer is poorly understood. Here we report a role of MAL2 in accelerating cell proliferation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MAL2 expression enhances cell proliferation in both cell and nude mouse models. Mechanistically, overexpression of MAL2 results in the hyper-activation of the MAPK/mTOR signaling pathway in NSCLC cells which leads to active ribosome biogenesis. Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of mTOR or MEK lowered the abundance of PCNA, a marker of tumor cell proliferation, and subsequently suppressed ribosome biogenesis, cell growth and xenograft growth in mouse model. MAL2 upregulation in clinical tumors is also linked to worse prognosis. Overall our data reveal that MAL2 is a potential diagnostic biomarker and targeting the MAL2/MAPK/mTOR signaling pathway may improve therapeutic strategy and efficacy for this subset of NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenying Lian
- Center for Basic Medical Research, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250062, Shandong, China
| | - Xingyu Yan
- Center for Basic Medical Research, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250062, Shandong, China
| | - Yutao Diao
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250062, Shandong, China
| | - Dayong Cui
- School of Life Sciences, Qilu Normal University, Jinan, 250200, Shandong, China
| | - Hongyan Liu
- Center for Basic Medical Research, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China.
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250062, Shandong, China.
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12
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Gopinath P, Natarajan A, Sathyanarayanan A, Veluswami S, Gopisetty G. The multifaceted role of Matricellular Proteins in health and cancer, as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Gene 2022; 815:146137. [PMID: 35007686 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.146137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is composed of a mesh of proteins, proteoglycans, growth factors, and other secretory components. It constitutes the tumor microenvironment along with the endothelial cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, adipocytes, and immune cells. The proteins of ECM can be functionally classified as adhesive proteins and matricellular proteins (MCP). In the tumor milieu, the ECM plays a major role in tumorigenesis and therapeutic resistance. The current review encompasses thrombospondins, osteonectin, osteopontin, tenascin C, periostin, the CCN family, laminin, biglycan, decorin, mimecan, and galectins. The matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are also discussed as they are an integral part of the ECM with versatile functions in the tumor stroma. In this review, the role of these proteins in tumor initiation, growth, invasion and metastasis have been highlighted, with emphasis on their contribution to tumor therapeutic resistance. Further, their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets based on existing evidence are discussed. Owing to the recent advancements in protein targeting, the possibility of agents to modulate MCPs in cancer as therapeutic options are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prarthana Gopinath
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute WIA, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Aparna Natarajan
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute WIA, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Sridevi Veluswami
- Deaprtment of Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gopal Gopisetty
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute WIA, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
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13
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Yazal Erdem A, Özyörük D. Ovarian Mucinous Carcinoma in a Pediatric Patient With Maroteaux-Lamy Syndrome. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2021; 43:e1128-e1131. [PMID: 34001794 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000002195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder (LSD). Mucinous ovarian cancer is a rare tumor and seldom encounters among adolescents. Here we describe an adolescent female with MPS type VI diagnosed with mucinous ovarian cancer. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of ovarian mucinous carcinoma in a patient with MPS. The association between MPS and cancer has never been described so far, but some LSD are known to have an increased risk of malignancies. The pathogenetic link between LSD and cancer is not well understood. Several potential mechanisms have been proposed for pathogenesis, which include chronic inflammation, abnormal function of activated macrophages, and genetic modifiers. Further studies are required, to understand the role of LSD in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arzu Yazal Erdem
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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14
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Ye M, Lin Y, Pan S, Wang ZW, Zhu X. Applications of Multi-omics Approaches for Exploring the Molecular Mechanism of Ovarian Carcinogenesis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:745808. [PMID: 34631583 PMCID: PMC8497990 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.745808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer ranks as the fifth most common cause of cancer-related death in females. The molecular mechanisms of ovarian carcinogenesis need to be explored in order to identify effective clinical therapies for ovarian cancer. Recently, multi-omics approaches have been applied to determine the mechanisms of ovarian oncogenesis at genomics (DNA), transcriptomics (RNA), proteomics (proteins), and metabolomics (metabolites) levels. Multi-omics approaches can identify some diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for ovarian cancer, and these molecular signatures are beneficial for clarifying the development and progression of ovarian cancer. Moreover, the discovery of molecular signatures and targeted therapy strategies could noticeably improve the prognosis of ovarian cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Ye
- Center of Uterine Cancer Diagnosis & Therapy Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yibin Lin
- Center of Uterine Cancer Diagnosis & Therapy Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shuya Pan
- Center of Uterine Cancer Diagnosis & Therapy Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Wang
- Center of Uterine Cancer Diagnosis & Therapy Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xueqiong Zhu
- Center of Uterine Cancer Diagnosis & Therapy Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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15
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Li H, Li M, Tang C, Xu L. Screening and prognostic value of potential biomarkers for ovarian cancer. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1007. [PMID: 34277807 PMCID: PMC8267297 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-2627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer is a common gynecological malignant tumor that greatly threatens women's health, so we screened potential biomarkers of ovarian cancer and analyzed their prognostic value. Methods The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets were used to analyze the ovarian cancer-related genes. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed to analyze the function of ovarian cancer-related genes. The survival-related genes were screened out through the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method. Multivariate Cox regression model and stepwise regression analysis were performed to construct the risk model. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) were used to evaluate the prediction accuracy of risk score model. Finally, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and immune cell infiltration analysis were performed to investigate the biological function and immune cell infiltration. Results A total of 111 genes were found to have common effects on survival. These genes were mainly involved in metabolism, protein phosphorylation and immune-related signaling pathways. Seven risk genes (AP3D1, DCAF10, FBXO16, LRFN4, PTPN2, SAYSD1, ZNF426) were screened out. Among these genes, AP3D1 and LRFN4 are risk genes and DCAF10, FBXO16, PTPN2, SAYSD1, and ZNF426 are protective genes. These findings suggest that risk status may be an independent prognostic factor. The risk score had a high predictive value for the prognosis of ovarian cancer. In addition, GSEA revealed that the biological function of genes expressed in patients at a high risk was mostly related to immune-related function. The contents of CD4+ T cells, macrophages, myeloid dendritic cells (mDC) and neutrophils were high in samples at a high risk for ovarian cancer. Conclusions The abnormal expression of AP3D1, DCAF10, FBXO16, LRFN4, PTPN2, SAYSD1 and ZNF426 is highly related to the progression of ovarian cancer. These seven genes can be used as independent prognostic markers of ovarian cancer. This study not only adds evidence to the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer but also provides scientific basis for judging the prognosis of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqin Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning Service Center of Chongchuan District, Nantong, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, People's Hospital of Binhai County, Yancheng, China
| | - Chunhui Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of Surgery, Changshu Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changshu Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Changshu, China
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16
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Nameki R, Chang H, Reddy J, Corona RI, Lawrenson K. Transcription factors in epithelial ovarian cancer: histotype-specific drivers and novel therapeutic targets. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 220:107722. [PMID: 33137377 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) are major contributors to cancer risk and somatic development. In preclinical and clinical studies, direct or indirect inhibition of TF-mediated oncogenic gene expression profiles have proven to be effective in many tumor types, highlighting this group of proteins as valuable therapeutic targets. In spite of this, our understanding of TFs in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is relatively limited. EOC is a heterogeneous disease composed of five major histologic subtypes; high-grade serous, low-grade serous, endometrioid, clear cell and mucinous. Each histology is associated with unique clinical etiologies, sensitivity to therapies, and molecular signatures - including diverse transcriptional regulatory programs. While some TFs are shared across EOC subtypes, a set of TFs are expressed in a histotype-specific manner and likely explain part of the histologic diversity of EOC subtypes. Targeting TFs present with unique opportunities for development of novel precision medicine strategies for ovarian cancer. This article reviews the critical TFs in EOC subtypes and highlights the potential of exploiting TFs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robbin Nameki
- Women's Cancer Research Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Heidi Chang
- Women's Cancer Research Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jessica Reddy
- Women's Cancer Research Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rosario I Corona
- Women's Cancer Research Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kate Lawrenson
- Women's Cancer Research Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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17
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An enzymatic toolkit for selective proteolysis, detection, and visualization of mucin-domain glycoproteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:21299-21307. [PMID: 32817557 PMCID: PMC7474620 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2012196117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Densely O-glycosylated mucin domains are found in a broad range of cell surface and secreted proteins, where they play key physiological roles. In addition, alterations in mucin expression and glycosylation are common in a variety of human diseases, such as cancer, cystic fibrosis, and inflammatory bowel diseases. These correlations have been challenging to uncover and establish because tools that specifically probe mucin domains are lacking. Here, we present a panel of bacterial proteases that cleave mucin domains via distinct peptide- and glycan-based motifs, generating a diverse enzymatic toolkit for mucin-selective proteolysis. By mutating catalytic residues of two such enzymes, we engineered mucin-selective binding agents with retained glycoform preferences. StcEE447D is a pan-mucin stain derived from enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli that is tolerant to a wide range of glycoforms. BT4244E575A derived from Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron is selective for truncated, asialylated core 1 structures commonly associated with malignant and premalignant tissues. We demonstrated that these catalytically inactive point mutants enable robust detection and visualization of mucin-domain glycoproteins by flow cytometry, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry. Application of our enzymatic toolkit to ascites fluid and tissue slices from patients with ovarian cancer facilitated characterization of patients based on differences in mucin cleavage and expression patterns.
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18
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Ricci F, Guffanti F, Affatato R, Brunelli L, Roberta P, Fruscio R, Perego P, Bani MR, Chiorino G, Rinaldi A, Bertoni F, Fratelli M, Damia G. Establishment of patient-derived tumor xenograft models of mucinous ovarian cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:572-580. [PMID: 32195028 PMCID: PMC7061742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucinous ovarian carcinoma (mEOC) represents a rare subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer, accounting for 3-4% of all ovarian carcinomas. The rarity of this tumor type renders both the preclinical and clinical research compelling. Very few preclinical in vitro and in vivo models exist. We here report the molecular, metabolic and pharmacological characterization of two patient derived xenografts (PDXs) from mEOC, recently obtained in our laboratory. These PDXs maintain the histological and molecular characteristics of the patient's tumors they derived from, including a wild type TP53. Gene expression analysis and metabolomics profile suggest that they differ from high grade serous/endometrioid ovarian carcinoma PDXs. The pharmacological characterization was undertaken testing the in vivo antitumor activity of both cytotoxic agents (cisplatin, paclitaxel, yondelis, oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracile) and targeted agents (bevacizumab and lapatinib). These newly established mucinous PDXs do recapitulate mEOC and will be of value in the preclinical development of possible new therapeutic strategies for this tumor type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Ricci
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCSMilan 20156, Italy
| | - Federica Guffanti
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCSMilan 20156, Italy
| | - Roberta Affatato
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCSMilan 20156, Italy
| | - Laura Brunelli
- Protein and Gene Biomarkers Unit, Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCSMilan 20156, Italy
| | - Pastorelli Roberta
- Protein and Gene Biomarkers Unit, Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCSMilan 20156, Italy
| | - Robert Fruscio
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milan BicoccaMonza 20900, Italy
| | - Patrizia Perego
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, San Gerardo HospitalMonza 20900, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Bani
- Laboratory of Laboratory of Biology and Treatment of Metastasis, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCSMilan 20156, Italy
| | - Giovanna Chiorino
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Fondazione Edo and Elvo TempiaBiella, Italy
| | - Andrea Rinaldi
- Institute of Oncology Research, Università della Svizzera italianaBellinzona 6500, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Bertoni
- Institute of Oncology Research, Università della Svizzera italianaBellinzona 6500, Switzerland
| | - Maddalena Fratelli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCSMilan 20156, Italy
| | - Giovanna Damia
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCSMilan 20156, Italy
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19
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Beyond N-Cadherin, Relevance of Cadherins 5, 6 and 17 in Cancer Progression and Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20133373. [PMID: 31324051 PMCID: PMC6651558 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-cell adhesion molecules (cadherins) and cell-extracellular matrix adhesion proteins (integrins) play a critical role in the regulation of cancer invasion and metastasis. Although significant progress has been made in the characterization of multiple members of the cadherin superfamily, most of the published work continues to focus in the switch E-/N-cadherin and its role in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Here, we will discuss the structural and functional properties of a subset of cadherins (cadherin 17, cadherin 5 and cadherin 6) that have an RGD motif in the extracellular domains. This RGD motif is critical for the interaction with α2β1 integrin and posterior integrin pathway activation in cancer metastatic cells. However, other signaling pathways seem to be affected by RGD cadherin interactions, as will be discussed. The range of solid tumors with overexpression or "de novo" expression of one or more of these three cadherins is very wide (gastrointestinal, gynaecological and melanoma, among others), underscoring the relevance of these cadherins in cancer metastasis. Finally, we will discuss different evidences that support the therapeutic use of these cadherins by blocking their capacity to work as integrin ligands in order to develop new cures for metastatic patients.
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20
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Multicenter retrospective study to evaluate the impact of trabectedin plus pegylated liposomal doxorubicin on the subsequent treatment in women with recurrent, platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer. Anticancer Drugs 2019; 30:628-635. [DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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21
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Molecular profiling of mucinous epithelial ovarian cancer by weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Gene 2019; 709:56-64. [PMID: 31108164 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In order to identify the molecular characteristics and improve the efficacy of early diagnosis of mucinous epithelial ovarian cancer (mEOC), here, the transcriptome profiling by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) has been proposed as an effective method. METHODS The gene expression dataset GSE26193 was reanalyzed with a systematical approach, WGCNA. mEOC-related gene co-expression modules were detected and the functional enrichments of these modules were performed at GO and KEGG terms. Ten hub genes in the mEOC-related modules were validated using two independent datasets GSE44104 and GSE30274. RESULTS 11 co-expressed gene modules were identified by WGCNA based on 4917 genes and 99 epithelial ovarian cancer samples. The turquoise module was found to be significantly associated with the subtype of mEOC. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed genes in the turquoise module significantly enriched in metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450 and steroid hormone biosynthesis. Ten hub genes (LIPH, BCAS1, FUT3, ZG16B, PTPRH, SLC4A4, MUC13, TFF1, HNF4G and TFF2) in the turquoise module were validated to be highly expressed in mEOC using two independent gene expression datasets GSE44104 and GSE30274. CONCLUSION Our work proposed an applicable framework of molecular characteristics for patients with mEOC, which may help us to obtain a precise and comprehensive understanding on the molecular complexities of mEOC. The hub genes identified in our study, as potential specific biomarkers of mEOC, may be applied in the early diagnosis of mEOC in the future.
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22
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Morice
- From the Departments of Gynecological Surgery and Medical Oncology (P.M., S.G., A.L.), INSERM Unit 981 (A.L.), and INSERM Unit 10-30 (P.M.), Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, and University Paris-Sud (Paris XI), Le Kremlin Bicêtre (P.M.) - both in France
| | - Sebastien Gouy
- From the Departments of Gynecological Surgery and Medical Oncology (P.M., S.G., A.L.), INSERM Unit 981 (A.L.), and INSERM Unit 10-30 (P.M.), Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, and University Paris-Sud (Paris XI), Le Kremlin Bicêtre (P.M.) - both in France
| | - Alexandra Leary
- From the Departments of Gynecological Surgery and Medical Oncology (P.M., S.G., A.L.), INSERM Unit 981 (A.L.), and INSERM Unit 10-30 (P.M.), Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, and University Paris-Sud (Paris XI), Le Kremlin Bicêtre (P.M.) - both in France
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23
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Hatina J, Boesch M, Sopper S, Kripnerova M, Wolf D, Reimer D, Marth C, Zeimet AG. Ovarian Cancer Stem Cell Heterogeneity. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1139:201-221. [PMID: 31134503 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-14366-4_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian carcinoma features pronounced clinical, histopathological, and molecular heterogeneity. There is good reason to believe that parts of this heterogeneity can be explained by differences in the respective cell of origin, with a self-renewing fallopian tube secretory cell being likely responsible for initiation of an overwhelming majority of high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas (i.e., type II tumors according to the recent dualistic classification), whereas there are several mutually non-exclusive possibilities for the initiation of type I tumors, including ovarian surface epithelium stem cells, endometrial cells, or even cells of extra-Müllerian origin. Interestingly, both fallopian tube self-renewing secretory cells and ovarian surface epithelium stem cells seem to be characterized by an overlapping array of stemness signaling pathways, especially Wnt/β-catenin. Apart from this variability in the respective cell of origin, the particular clinical behavior of ovarian carcinoma strongly suggests an underlying stem cell component with a crucial impact. This becomes especially evident in high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas treated with classical chemotherapy, which entails a gradual evolution of chemoresistant disease without any apparent selection of clones carrying obvious chemoresistance-associated mutations. Several cell surface markers (e.g., CD24, CD44, CD117, CD133, and ROR1) as well as functional approaches (ALDEFLUOR™ and side population assays) have been used to identify and characterize putative ovarian carcinoma stem cells. We have recently shown that side population cells exhibit marked heterogeneity on their own, which can hamper their straightforward therapeutic targeting. An alternative strategy for stemness-depleting interventions is to target the stem cell niche, i.e., the specific microanatomical structure that secures stem cell maintenance and survival through provision of a set of stem cell-promoting and differentiation-antagonizing factors. Besides identifying direct or indirect therapeutic targets, profiling of side population cells and other ovarian carcinoma stem cell subpopulations can reveal relevant prognostic markers, as exemplified by our recent discovery of the Vav3.1 transcript variant, which filters out a fraction of prognostically unfavorable ovarian carcinoma cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiri Hatina
- Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Institute of Biology, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | | | - Sieghart Sopper
- Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michaela Kripnerova
- Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Institute of Biology, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Dominik Wolf
- Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Daniel Reimer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christian Marth
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alain G Zeimet
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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24
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Hisamatsu T, McGuire M, Wu SY, Rupaimoole R, Pradeep S, Bayraktar E, Noh K, Hu W, Hansen JM, Lyons Y, Gharpure KM, Nagaraja AS, Mangala LS, Mitamura T, Rodriguez-Aguayo C, Eun YG, Rose J, Bartholomeusz G, Ivan C, Lee JS, Matsuo K, Frumovitz M, Wong KK, Lopez-Berestein G, Sood AK. PRKRA/PACT Expression Promotes Chemoresistance of Mucinous Ovarian Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 18:162-172. [PMID: 30305341 PMCID: PMC6318044 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-1050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
For mucinous ovarian cancer (MOC), standard platinum-based therapy is largely ineffective. We sought to identify possible mechanisms of oxaliplatin resistance of MOC and develop strategies to overcome this resistance. A kinome-based siRNA library screen was carried out using human MOC cells to identify novel targets to enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy. In vitro and in vivo validations of antitumor effects were performed using mouse MOC models. Specifically, the role of PRKRA/PACT in oxaliplatin resistance was interrogated. We focused on PRKRA, a known activator of PKR kinase, and its encoded protein PACT because it was one of the five most significantly downregulated genes in the siRNA screen. In orthotopic mouse models of MOC, we observed a significant antitumor effect of PRKRA siRNA plus oxaliplatin. In addition, expression of miR-515-3p was regulated by PACT-Dicer interaction, and miR-515-3p increased the sensitivity of MOC to oxaliplatin. Mechanistically, miR-515-3p regulated chemosensitivity, in part, by targeting AXL. The PRKRA/PACT axis represents an important therapeutic target in MOC to enhance sensitivity to oxaliplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Hisamatsu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Michael McGuire
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sherry Y Wu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Rajesha Rupaimoole
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sunila Pradeep
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Emine Bayraktar
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Kyunghee Noh
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Gene Therapy Research Unit, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jean M Hansen
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yasmin Lyons
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Kshipra M Gharpure
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Archana S Nagaraja
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Lingegowda S Mangala
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Takashi Mitamura
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Cristian Rodriguez-Aguayo
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Young Gyu Eun
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Johnathon Rose
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Geoffrey Bartholomeusz
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Cristina Ivan
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ju-Seog Lee
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Koji Matsuo
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Michael Frumovitz
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Kwong K Wong
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Gabriel Lopez-Berestein
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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Sparse common component analysis for multiple high-dimensional datasets via noncentered principal component analysis. Stat Pap (Berl) 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00362-018-1045-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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26
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Kelemen LE, Earp M, Fridley BL, Chenevix-Trench G, Fasching PA, Beckmann MW, Ekici AB, Hein A, Lambrechts D, Lambrechts S, Van Nieuwenhuysen E, Vergote I, Rossing MA, Doherty JA, Chang-Claude J, Behrens S, Moysich KB, Cannioto R, Lele S, Odunsi K, Goodman MT, Shvetsov YB, Thompson PJ, Wilkens LR, Dörk T, Antonenkova N, Bogdanova N, Hillemanns P, Runnebaum IB, du Bois A, Harter P, Heitz F, Schwaab I, Butzow R, Pelttari LM, Nevanlinna H, Modugno F, Edwards RP, Kelley JL, Ness RB, Karlan BY, Lester J, Orsulic S, Walsh C, Kjaer SK, Jensen A, Cunningham JM, Vierkant RA, Giles GG, Bruinsma F, Southey MC, Hildebrandt MA, Liang D, Lu K, Wu X, Sellers TA, Levine DA, Schildkraut JM, Iversen ES, Terry KL, Cramer DW, Tworoger SS, Poole EM, Bandera EV, Olson SH, Orlow I, Vestrheim Thomsen LC, Bjorge L, Krakstad C, Tangen IL, Kiemeney LA, Aben KK, Massuger LF, van Altena AM, Pejovic T, Bean Y, Kellar M, Cook LS, Le ND, Brooks-Wilson A, Gronwald J, Cybulski C, Jakubowska A, Lubiński J, Wentzensen N, Brinton LA, Lissowska J, Hogdall E, Engelholm SA, Hogdall C, Lundvall L, Nedergaard L, Pharoah PD, Dicks E, Song H, Tyrer JP, McNeish I, Siddiqui N, Carty K, Glasspool R, Paul J, Campbell IG, Eccles D, Whittemore AS, McGuire V, Rothstein JH, Sieh W, Narod SA, Phelan CM, McLaughlin JR, Risch HA, Anton-Culver H, Ziogas A, Menon U, Gayther SA, Gentry-Maharaj A, Ramus SJ, Wu AH, Pearce CL, Lee AW, Pike MC, Kupryjanczyk J, Podgorska A, Plisiecka-Halasa J, Sawicki W, Goode EL, Berchuck A. rs495139 in the TYMS-ENOSF1 Region and Risk of Ovarian Carcinoma of Mucinous Histology. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2473. [PMID: 30134598 PMCID: PMC6163881 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymidylate synthase (TYMS) is a crucial enzyme for DNA synthesis. TYMS expression is regulated by its antisense mRNA, ENOSF1. Disrupted regulation may promote uncontrolled DNA synthesis and tumor growth. We sought to replicate our previously reported association between rs495139 in the TYMS-ENOSF1 3' gene region and increased risk of mucinous ovarian carcinoma (MOC) in an independent sample. Genotypes from 24,351 controls to 15,000 women with invasive OC, including 665 MOC, were available. We estimated per-allele odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using unconditional logistic regression, and meta-analysis when combining these data with our previous report. The association between rs495139 and MOC was not significant in the independent sample (OR = 1.09; 95% CI = 0.97⁻1.22; p = 0.15; N = 665 cases). Meta-analysis suggested a weak association (OR = 1.13; 95% CI = 1.03⁻1.24; p = 0.01; N = 1019 cases). No significant association with risk of other OC histologic types was observed (p = 0.05 for tumor heterogeneity). In expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis, the rs495139 allele was positively associated with ENOSF1 mRNA expression in normal tissues of the gastrointestinal system, particularly esophageal mucosa (r = 0.51, p = 1.7 × 10-28), and nonsignificantly in five MOC tumors. The association results, along with inconclusive tumor eQTL findings, suggest that a true effect of rs495139 might be small.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda E. Kelemen
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Madalene Earp
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (M.E.); (E.L.G.)
| | - Brooke L. Fridley
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612 USA;
| | - Georgia Chenevix-Trench
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia;
| | | | - Peter A. Fasching
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (P.A.F.); (M.W.B.); (A.H.)
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Matthias W. Beckmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (P.A.F.); (M.W.B.); (A.H.)
| | - Arif B. Ekici
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen Nuremberg, Erlangen 91054, Germany;
| | - Alexander Hein
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (P.A.F.); (M.W.B.); (A.H.)
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Vesalius Research Center, University of Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium;
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Sandrina Lambrechts
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium; (S.L.); (E.V.N.); (I.V.)
| | - Els Van Nieuwenhuysen
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium; (S.L.); (E.V.N.); (I.V.)
| | - Ignace Vergote
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium; (S.L.); (E.V.N.); (I.V.)
| | - Mary Anne Rossing
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA;
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98402, USA
| | - Jennifer A. Doherty
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA;
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany; (J.C.-C.); (S.B.)
- University Cancer Center Hamburg (UCCH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Behrens
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany; (J.C.-C.); (S.B.)
| | - Kirsten B. Moysich
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (K.B.M.); (R.C.)
| | - Rikki Cannioto
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (K.B.M.); (R.C.)
| | - Shashikant Lele
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (S.L.); (K.O.)
| | - Kunle Odunsi
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (S.L.); (K.O.)
| | - Marc T. Goodman
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (M.T.G.); (P.J.T.)
- Community and Population Health Research Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Yurii B. Shvetsov
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (Y.B.S.); (L.R.W.)
| | - Pamela J. Thompson
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (M.T.G.); (P.J.T.)
- Community and Population Health Research Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Lynne R. Wilkens
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (Y.B.S.); (L.R.W.)
| | - Thilo Dörk
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany; (T.D.); (N.B.)
| | - Natalia Antonenkova
- Byelorussian Institute for Oncology and Medical Radiology Aleksandrov N.N., Minsk 223040, Belarus;
| | - Natalia Bogdanova
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany; (T.D.); (N.B.)
| | - Peter Hillemanns
- Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany;
| | - Ingo B. Runnebaum
- Department of Gynecology, Jena University Hospital-Friedrich Schiller University, Jena 07743, Germany;
| | - Andreas du Bois
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Kliniken Essen-Mitte (KEM), Essen 45136, Germany; (A.d.B.); (P.H.); (F.H.)
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Dr. Horst Schmidt Kliniken Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden 65199, Germany
| | - Philipp Harter
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Kliniken Essen-Mitte (KEM), Essen 45136, Germany; (A.d.B.); (P.H.); (F.H.)
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Dr. Horst Schmidt Kliniken Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden 65199, Germany
| | - Florian Heitz
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Kliniken Essen-Mitte (KEM), Essen 45136, Germany; (A.d.B.); (P.H.); (F.H.)
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Dr. Horst Schmidt Kliniken Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden 65199, Germany
| | - Ira Schwaab
- Praxis für Humangenetik, Wiesbaden 65187, Germany;
| | - Ralf Butzow
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki 00290, Finland;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki 00290, Finland; (L.M.P.); (H.N.)
| | - Liisa M. Pelttari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki 00290, Finland; (L.M.P.); (H.N.)
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki 00290, Finland; (L.M.P.); (H.N.)
| | - Francesmary Modugno
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (F.M.); (R.P.E.); (J.L.K.)
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Women’s Cancer Research Program, Magee-Women's Research Institute and Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Robert P. Edwards
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (F.M.); (R.P.E.); (J.L.K.)
| | - Joseph L. Kelley
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (F.M.); (R.P.E.); (J.L.K.)
| | - Roberta B. Ness
- School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Beth Y. Karlan
- Women’s Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (B.Y.K.); (J.L.); (S.O.); (C.W.)
| | - Jenny Lester
- Women’s Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (B.Y.K.); (J.L.); (S.O.); (C.W.)
| | - Sandra Orsulic
- Women’s Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (B.Y.K.); (J.L.); (S.O.); (C.W.)
| | - Christine Walsh
- Women’s Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (B.Y.K.); (J.L.); (S.O.); (C.W.)
| | - Susanne K. Kjaer
- Department of Gynaecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (S.K.K.); (C.H.); (L.L.)
- Department of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Centre, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (A.J.); (E.H.)
| | - Allan Jensen
- Department of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Centre, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (A.J.); (E.H.)
| | - Julie M. Cunningham
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
| | - Robert A. Vierkant
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
| | - Graham G. Giles
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia;
- Cancer Epidemiology and Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia;
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Fiona Bruinsma
- Cancer Epidemiology and Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia;
| | - Melissa C. Southey
- Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia; (M.C.S.); (I.G.C.)
| | - Michelle A.T. Hildebrandt
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (M.A.T.H.); (X.W.)
| | - Dong Liang
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004, USA;
| | - Karen Lu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Xifeng Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (M.A.T.H.); (X.W.)
| | - Thomas A. Sellers
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (T.A.S.); (S.S.T.); (C.M.P.)
| | - Douglas A. Levine
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA;
| | - Joellen M. Schildkraut
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA;
| | - Edwin S. Iversen
- Department of Statistical Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA;
| | - Kathryn L. Terry
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (K.L.T.); (D.W.C.)
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Daniel W. Cramer
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (K.L.T.); (D.W.C.)
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shelley S. Tworoger
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (T.A.S.); (S.S.T.); (C.M.P.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (K.L.T.); (D.W.C.)
| | - Elizabeth M. Poole
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Elisa V. Bandera
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA;
| | - Sara H. Olson
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, New York, NY 10065, USA; (S.H.O.); (I.O.); (M.C.P.)
| | - Irene Orlow
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, New York, NY 10065, USA; (S.H.O.); (I.O.); (M.C.P.)
| | - Liv Cecilie Vestrheim Thomsen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen 5021, Norway; (L.C.V.T.); (L.B.); (C.K.); (I.L.T.)
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen 5020, Norway
| | - Line Bjorge
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen 5021, Norway; (L.C.V.T.); (L.B.); (C.K.); (I.L.T.)
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen 5020, Norway
| | - Camilla Krakstad
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen 5021, Norway; (L.C.V.T.); (L.B.); (C.K.); (I.L.T.)
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen 5020, Norway
| | - Ingvild L. Tangen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen 5021, Norway; (L.C.V.T.); (L.B.); (C.K.); (I.L.T.)
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen 5020, Norway
| | - Lambertus A. Kiemeney
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen 6525 EZ, The Netherlands; (L.A.K.); (K.K.H.A.)
| | - Katja K.H. Aben
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen 6525 EZ, The Netherlands; (L.A.K.); (K.K.H.A.)
- Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation, Utrecht 3511 DT, The Netherlands
| | - Leon F.A.G. Massuger
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nijmegen 6525 GA, The Netherlands; (L.F.A.G.M.); (A.M.v.A.)
| | - Anne M. van Altena
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nijmegen 6525 GA, The Netherlands; (L.F.A.G.M.); (A.M.v.A.)
| | - Tanja Pejovic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; (T.P.); (Y.B.); (M.K.)
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Yukie Bean
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; (T.P.); (Y.B.); (M.K.)
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Melissa Kellar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; (T.P.); (Y.B.); (M.K.)
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Linda S. Cook
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Preventive Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA;
| | - Nhu D. Le
- Cancer Control Research, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada;
| | - Angela Brooks-Wilson
- Canada’s Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada;
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Jacek Gronwald
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin 71-252, Poland; (J.G.); (C.C.); (A.J.); (J.L.)
| | - Cezary Cybulski
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin 71-252, Poland; (J.G.); (C.C.); (A.J.); (J.L.)
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin 71-252, Poland; (J.G.); (C.C.); (A.J.); (J.L.)
- Independent Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetic Diagnostics, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin 70-111, Poland
| | - Jan Lubiński
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin 71-252, Poland; (J.G.); (C.C.); (A.J.); (J.L.)
| | - Nicolas Wentzensen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (N.W.); (L.A.B.)
| | - Louise A. Brinton
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (N.W.); (L.A.B.)
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, M. Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw 02-034, Poland;
| | - Estrid Hogdall
- Department of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Centre, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (A.J.); (E.H.)
- Department of Pathology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Svend Aage Engelholm
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark;
| | - Claus Hogdall
- Department of Gynaecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (S.K.K.); (C.H.); (L.L.)
| | - Lene Lundvall
- Department of Gynaecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (S.K.K.); (C.H.); (L.L.)
| | - Lotte Nedergaard
- Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark;
| | - Paul D.P. Pharoah
- The Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK;
- The Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK; (E.D.); (H.S.); (J.P.T.)
| | - Ed Dicks
- The Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK; (E.D.); (H.S.); (J.P.T.)
| | - Honglin Song
- The Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK; (E.D.); (H.S.); (J.P.T.)
| | - Jonathan P. Tyrer
- The Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK; (E.D.); (H.S.); (J.P.T.)
| | - Iain McNeish
- Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK;
| | - Nadeem Siddiqui
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow G4 0SF, UK;
| | - Karen Carty
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, The Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow G12 0YN, UK; (K.C.); (R.G.); (J.P.)
| | - Rosalind Glasspool
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, The Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow G12 0YN, UK; (K.C.); (R.G.); (J.P.)
| | - James Paul
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, The Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow G12 0YN, UK; (K.C.); (R.G.); (J.P.)
| | - Ian G. Campbell
- Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia; (M.C.S.); (I.G.C.)
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Diana Eccles
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK;
| | - Alice S. Whittemore
- Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (A.S.W.); (V.M.)
| | - Valerie McGuire
- Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (A.S.W.); (V.M.)
| | - Joseph H. Rothstein
- Department of Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (J.H.R.); (W.S.)
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (J.H.R.); (W.S.)
| | - Weiva Sieh
- Department of Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (J.H.R.); (W.S.)
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (J.H.R.); (W.S.)
| | - Steven A. Narod
- Women’s College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
| | - Catherine M. Phelan
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (T.A.S.); (S.S.T.); (C.M.P.)
| | - John R. McLaughlin
- Public Health Ontario, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5T 3L9, Canada;
| | - Harvey A. Risch
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510, USA;
| | - Hoda Anton-Culver
- Department of Epidemiology, Genetic Epidemiology Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, USA; (H.A-C.); (A.Z.)
| | - Argyrios Ziogas
- Department of Epidemiology, Genetic Epidemiology Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, USA; (H.A-C.); (A.Z.)
| | - Usha Menon
- MRC Clinical Trials at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials & Methodology, Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, WC1V 6LJ, UK; (U.M.); (A.G.-M.)
| | - Simon A. Gayther
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Cancer Prevention and Translational Genomics, Samuel Oschin Comprensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA;
| | - Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj
- MRC Clinical Trials at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials & Methodology, Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, WC1V 6LJ, UK; (U.M.); (A.G.-M.)
| | - Susan J. Ramus
- School of Women’s and Children’s Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Anna H. Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; (A.H.W.); (C.L.P.)
| | - Celeste Leigh Pearce
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; (A.H.W.); (C.L.P.)
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Alice W. Lee
- Department of Public Health, California State University, Fullerton, CA 92831, USA;
| | - Malcolm C. Pike
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, New York, NY 10065, USA; (S.H.O.); (I.O.); (M.C.P.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; (A.H.W.); (C.L.P.)
| | - Jolanta Kupryjanczyk
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Diagnostics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw 02-034, Poland; (J.K.); (A.P.); (J.P.-H.)
| | - Agnieszka Podgorska
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Diagnostics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw 02-034, Poland; (J.K.); (A.P.); (J.P.-H.)
| | - Joanna Plisiecka-Halasa
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Diagnostics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw 02-034, Poland; (J.K.); (A.P.); (J.P.-H.)
| | - Wlodzimierz Sawicki
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Oncology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Mazovian Bródno Hospital, Warsaw 03-242, Poland;
| | - Ellen L. Goode
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (M.E.); (E.L.G.)
| | - Andrew Berchuck
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA;
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Muinao T, Pal M, Deka Boruah HP. Origins based clinical and molecular complexities of epithelial ovarian cancer. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 118:1326-1345. [PMID: 29890249 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal of all common gynaecological malignancies in women worldwide. Ovarian cancer comprises of >15 distinct tumor types and subtypes characterized by histopathological features, environmental and genetic risk factors, precursor lesions and molecular events during oncogenesis. Recent studies on gene signature profiling of different subtypes of ovarian cancer have revealed significant genetic heterogeneity between and within each ovarian cancer histological subtype. Thus, an immense interest have shown towards a more personalized medicine for understanding the clinical and molecular complexities of four major types of epithelial ovarian cancer (serous, endometrioid, clear cell, and mucinous). As such, further in depth studies are needed for identification of molecular signalling network complexities associated with effective prognostication and targeted therapies to prevent or treat metastasis. Therefore, understanding the metastatic potential of primary ovarian cancer and therapeutic interventions against lethal ovarian cancer for the development of personalized therapies is very much indispensable. Consequently, in this review we have updated the key dysregulated genes of four major subtypes of epithelial carcinomas. We have also highlighted the recent advances and current challenges in unravelling the complexities of the origin of tumor as well as genetic heterogeneity of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thingreila Muinao
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam 785006, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Jorhat Campus, Assam 785006, India
| | - Mintu Pal
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam 785006, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Jorhat Campus, Assam 785006, India.
| | - Hari Prasanna Deka Boruah
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam 785006, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Jorhat Campus, Assam 785006, India
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28
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Ricci F, Affatato R, Carrassa L, Damia G. Recent Insights into Mucinous Ovarian Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061569. [PMID: 29795040 PMCID: PMC6032258 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian mucinous tumors represent a group of rare neoplasms with a still undefined cell of origin but with an apparent progression from benign to borderline to carcinoma. Even though these tumors are different from the other histological subtypes of epithelial ovarian neoplasms, they are still treated with a similar chemotherapeutic approach. Here, we review its pathogenesis, molecular alterations, (differential) diagnosis, clinical presentation and current treatment, and how recent molecular and biological information on this tumor might lead to better and more specific clinical management of patients with mucinous ovarian carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Ricci
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy.
| | - Roberta Affatato
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy.
| | - Laura Carrassa
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Damia
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy.
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29
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Liew PL, Huang RL, Weng YC, Fang CL, Hui-Ming Huang T, Lai HC. Distinct methylation profile of mucinous ovarian carcinoma reveals susceptibility to proteasome inhibitors. Int J Cancer 2018; 143:355-367. [PMID: 29451304 PMCID: PMC6001480 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mucinous type of epithelial ovarian cancer (MuOC) is a unique subtype with a poor survival outcome in recurrent and advanced stages. The role of type-specific epigenomics and its clinical significance remains uncertain. We analyzed the methylomic profiles of 6 benign mucinous adenomas, 24 MuOCs, 103 serous type of epithelial ovarian cancers (SeOCs) and 337 nonepithelial ovarian cancers. MuOC and SeOC exhibited distinct DNA methylation profiles comprising 101 genes, 81 of which exhibited low methylation in MuOC and were associated with the response to glucocorticoid, ATP hydrolysis-coupled proton transport, proteolysis involved in the cellular protein catabolic process and ion transmembrane transport. Hierarchical clustering analysis showed that the profiles of MuOC were similar to colorectal adenocarcinoma and stomach adenocarcinoma. Genetic interaction network analysis of differentially methylated genes in MuOC showed a dominant network module is the proteasome subunit beta (PSMB) family. Combined functional module and methylation analysis identified PSMB8 as a candidate marker for MuOC. Immunohistochemical staining of PSMB8 used to validate in 94 samples of ovarian tumors (mucinous adenoma, MuOC or SeOC) and 62 samples of gastrointestinal cancer. PSMB8 was commonly expressed in MuOC and gastrointestinal cancer samples, predominantly as strong cytoplasmic and occasionally weak nuclei staining, but was not expressed in SeOC samples. Carfilzomib, a second-generation proteasome inhibitor, suppressed MuOC cell growth in vitro. This study unveiled a mucinous-type-specific methylation profile and suggests the potential use of a proteasome inhibitor to treat MuOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phui-Ly Liew
- Department of Pathology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Rui-Lan Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei, Taiwan.,Translational epigenetic center, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Weng
- Translational epigenetic center, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lang Fang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tim Hui-Ming Huang
- Department of Molecular Medicine/Institute of Biotechnology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Hung-Cheng Lai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei, Taiwan.,Translational epigenetic center, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, People's Republic of China
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30
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El-Balat A, Schmeil I, Karn T, Becker S, Sänger N, Holtrich U, Arsenic R. TFF3 Expression as Stratification Marker in Borderline Epithelial Tumors of the Ovary. Pathol Oncol Res 2017; 24:277-282. [PMID: 28470574 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-017-0240-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Borderline tumors (BOT) of the ovary account for 10% to 20% of ovarian neoplasms. Like ovarian cancer, BOT encompass several different histological subtypes (serous, mucinous, endometrioid, clear cell, transitional cell and mixed) with serous (SBOT) and mucinous (MBOT) the most common. Current hypotheses suggest low-grade serous carcinoma may develop in a stepwise fashion from SBOT whereas the majority of high grade serous carcinomas develop rapidly presumably from inclusion cysts or ovarian surface epithelium. The pathogenesis of mucinous ovarian tumors is still puzzling. Molecular markers could help to better define relationships between such entities. Trefoil factor-3 (TFF3) is an estrogen-regulated gene associated with prognosis in different types of cancer. It has also been included in a recent marker panel predicting subtypes of ovarian carcinoma. We analyzed the expression of TFF3 by immunohistochemistry in a cohort of 137 BOT and its association with histopathological features. Overall expression rate of TFF3 was 21.9%. None of the BOT with serous and endometrioid histology displayed strong TFF3 expression. On the other hand, TFF3 was highly expressed in 61.4% of MBOT cases and 33.3% of BOT with mixed histology (P < 0.001) suggesting a potential function of the protein in that subtypes. Associations of TFF3 expression with FIGO stage and micropapillary pattern were significant in the overall cohort but confounded by their correlation with histological subtypes. The highly specific expression of TFF3 in MBOT may help to further clarify potential relationships of tumors with mucinous histology and warrants further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed El-Balat
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Iryna Schmeil
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Thomas Karn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sven Becker
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nicole Sänger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Uwe Holtrich
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ruza Arsenic
- Institute of Pathology, Charite University Hospital, Chariteplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
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31
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Human Three-Dimensional Endometrial Epithelial Cell Model To Study Host Interactions with Vaginal Bacteria and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Infect Immun 2017; 85:IAI.01049-16. [PMID: 28052997 DOI: 10.1128/iai.01049-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colonization of the endometrium by pathogenic bacteria ascending from the lower female reproductive tract (FRT) is associated with many gynecologic and obstetric health complications. To study these host-microbe interactions in vitro, we developed a human three-dimensional (3-D) endometrial epithelial cell (EEC) model using the HEC-1A cell line and the rotating wall vessel (RWV) bioreactor technology. Our model, composed of 3-D EEC aggregates, recapitulates several functional/structural characteristics of human endometrial epithelial tissue, including cell differentiation, the presence of junctional complexes/desmosomes and microvilli, and the production of membrane-associated mucins and Toll-like receptors (TLRs). TLR function was evaluated by exposing the EEC aggregates to viral and bacterial products. Treatment with poly(I·C) and flagellin but not with synthetic lipoprotein (fibroblast-stimulating lipoprotein 1 [FSL-1]) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) significantly induced proinflammatory mediators in a dose-dependent manner. To simulate ascending infection, we infected EEC aggregates with commensal and pathogenic bacteria: Lactobacillus crispatus, Gardnerella vaginalis, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae All vaginal microbiota and N. gonorrhoeae efficiently colonized the 3-D surface, localizing to crevices of the EEC model and interacting with multiple adjacent cells simultaneously. However, only infection with pathogenic N. gonorrhoeae and not infection with the other bacteria tested significantly induced proinflammatory mediators and significant ultrastructural changes to the host cells. The latter observation is consistent with clinical findings and illustrated the functional specificity of our system. Additionally, we highlighted the utility of the 3-D EEC model for the study of the pathogenesis of N. gonorrhoeae using a well-characterized ΔpilT mutant. Overall, this study demonstrates that the human 3-D EEC model is a robust tool for studying host-microbe interactions and bacterial pathogenesis in the upper FRT.
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32
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Cardenas C, Alvero AB, Yun BS, Mor G. Redefining the origin and evolution of ovarian cancer: a hormonal connection. Endocr Relat Cancer 2016; 23:R411-22. [PMID: 27440787 DOI: 10.1530/erc-16-0209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer has the highest mortality of all female reproductive cancers. Late diagnosis, tumour heterogeneity and the development of chemoresistance contribute to this statistic and work against patient survival. Current studies have revealed novel concepts that impact our view on how ovarian cancer develops. The greatest impact is on our understanding that, as a disease, ovarian cancer has multiple cellular origins and that these malignant precursors are mostly derived from outside of the ovaries. In this review, we propose a new concept of a step-wise developmental process that may underwrite ovarian tumorigenesis and progression: (1) migration/recruitment to the ovaries; (2) seeding and establishment in the ovaries; (3) induction of a dormant cancer stage; and (4) expansion and tumor progression. We will discuss the relationship of each step with the changing ovarian function and milieu during the reproductive age and the subsequent occurrence of menopause. The realization that ovarian cancer development and progression occurs in distinct steps is critical for the search of adequate markers for early detection that will offer personalized strategies for prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Cardenas
- Department of ObstetricsGynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ayesha B Alvero
- Department of ObstetricsGynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Bo Seong Yun
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyCHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gil Mor
- Department of ObstetricsGynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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33
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Ates Ozdemir D, Usubutun A. PAX2, PAX8 and CDX2 Expression in Metastatic Mucinous, Primary Ovarian Mucinous and Seromucinous Tumors and Review of the Literature. Pathol Oncol Res 2016; 22:593-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s12253-016-0040-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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34
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Helwa R, Ramadan M, Abdel-Wahab AHA, Knappskog S, Bauer AS. Promoter SNPs rs116896264 and rs73933062 form a distinct haplotype and are associated with galectin-4 overexpression in colorectal cancer. Mutagenesis 2015; 31:401-8. [PMID: 26681582 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gev086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Galectin-4 is a member of the galectin family which consists of 15 galactoside-binding proteins. Previously, galectin-4 has been shown to have a role in cancer progression and metastasis and it is found upregulated in many solid tumours, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Recently, the role in the metastatic process was suggested to be via promoting cancer cells to adhere to blood vascular endothelium. In the present study, the regulatory region of LGALS4 (galectin-4) in seven colon cell lines was investigated with respect to genetic variation that could be linked to expression levels and therefore a tumourigenic effect. Interestingly, qRT-PCR and sequencing results revealed that galectin-4 upregulation is associated with SNPs rs116896264 and rs73933062. By use of luciferase reporter- and pull-down assays, we confirmed the association between the gene upregulation and the two SNPs. Also, using pull-down assay followed by mass spectrometry, we found that the presence rs116896264 and rs73933062 is changing transcription factors binding sites. In order to assess the frequencies of the two SNPs among colon cancer patients and healthy individuals, we genotyped 75 colon cancer patients, 12 patients with adenomatous polyposis and 17 patients with ulcerative colitis and we performed data mining in the 1000 genomes databank. We found the two SNPs co-occuring in 21% of 75 CRC patients, 0 out of 12 patients of adenomatous polyposis, and 6 out of 17 patients (35%) with ulcerative colitis. Both in the patient samples and in the 1000 genomes project, the two SNPs were found to co-occur whenever present (D' = 1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham Helwa
- Molecular Cell Biology Lab, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, Division of Functional Genome Analysis, Deutsche Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany,
| | | | | | - Stian Knappskog
- Section of Oncology, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway and Department of Oncology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Andrea S Bauer
- Division of Functional Genome Analysis, Deutsche Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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35
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Bowden NA, Smyth M, Jaaback K, Ashton KA, Scurry J. Genetic changes correlate with histopathology in a benign, borderline and malignant mucinous ovarian tumour. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2015; 36:119-21. [PMID: 26440067 DOI: 10.3109/01443615.2015.1036406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N A Bowden
- a The Centre for Information-Based Medicine, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, and The Discipline of Medical Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle , Callaghan , Australia
| | - M Smyth
- b School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle , Callaghan , Australia
| | - K Jaaback
- c Hunter Centre for Gynaecological Cancer, John Hunter Hospital , New Lambton Heights , Australia
| | - K A Ashton
- a The Centre for Information-Based Medicine, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, and The Discipline of Medical Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle , Callaghan , Australia
| | - J Scurry
- d Division of Anatomical Pathology, Hunter Area Pathology Service, John Hunter Hospital , New Lambton Heights , NSW , Australia
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36
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Yang CW, Chang CYY, Lai MT, Chang HW, Lu CC, Chen Y, Chen CM, Lee SC, Tsai PW, Yang SH, Lin CH, Sheu JJC, Tsai FJ. Genetic variations of MUC17 are associated with endometriosis development and related infertility. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2015; 16:60. [PMID: 26285705 PMCID: PMC4593232 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-015-0209-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic alterations of mucin genes, such as MUC2 and MUC4, were previously identified to be associated with endometriosis and related infertility. Additionally, gene expression profiling has confirmed MUC17 to be overexpressed in mucinous ovarian carcinoma; however, its associated risk for endometriosis remains unclear. This study was focused on the potential impact of genetic variations in MUC17 on endometriosis development and associated clinical features. METHODS The study subjects included 189 female Taiwanese patients with pathology-proven endometriosis and 191 healthy Taiwanese women as controls. Five single-nucleotide polymorphisms (rs4729645, rs10953316, rs74974199, rs4729655, and rs4729656) within the MUC17 gene were selected and genotyped using the Taqman genotyping assay to examine the allele frequency and genotype distributions of MUC17 polymorphisms. RESULTS Genotyping revealed that the A allele at rs10953316 in MUC17 was a protective genetic factor in endometriosis development (p = 0.008; OR = 0.53; 95% CI: 0.36-0.79). Genetic variation of rs4729655 protected patients against endometriosis-induced infertility, but was associated with a higher cancer antigen 125 (CA125) level. Base-pairing analysis, called MaxExpect, predicted an additional loop in the mRNA structure caused by rs10953316 polymorphism, possibly influencing ribosome sliding and translation efficiency. Such predictions were confirmed by immunohistochemistry that patients with AA genotype at rs10953316 showed low MUC17 levels in their endometrium, patients with GA genotype showed moderate levels, and strong staining could be found in patients with GG genotype. CONCLUSIONS MUC17 polymorphisms are involved in endometriosis development and the associated infertility in the Taiwanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Wen Yang
- The Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Cherry Yin-Yi Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Institute of Environmental Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Tsung Lai
- Department of Pathology, Taichung Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Hui-Wen Chang
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Chan Lu
- The Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Department of Pathology, Medical College, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Yi Chen
- Human Genetic Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Mei Chen
- Human Genetic Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Shan-Chih Lee
- Collage of Medical Science and Technology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Wen Tsai
- Human Genetic Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Su-Han Yang
- Human Genetic Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Hung Lin
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Jim Jinn-Chyuan Sheu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Human Genetic Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. .,School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- Human Genetic Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. .,School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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37
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Kelemen LE, Lawrenson K, Tyrer J, Li Q, Lee JM, Seo JH, Phelan CM, Beesley J, Chen X, Spindler TJ, Aben KKH, Anton-Culver H, Antonenkova N. Genome-wide significant risk associations for mucinous ovarian carcinoma. Nat Genet 2015; 47:888-97. [PMID: 26075790 PMCID: PMC4520768 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies have identified several risk associations for ovarian carcinomas but not for mucinous ovarian carcinomas (MOCs). Our analysis of 1,644 MOC cases and 21,693 controls with imputation identified 3 new risk associations: rs752590 at 2q13 (P = 3.3 × 10(-8)), rs711830 at 2q31.1 (P = 7.5 × 10(-12)) and rs688187 at 19q13.2 (P = 6.8 × 10(-13)). We identified significant expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) associations for HOXD9 at 2q31.1 in ovarian (P = 4.95 × 10(-4), false discovery rate (FDR) = 0.003) and colorectal (P = 0.01, FDR = 0.09) tumors and for PAX8 at 2q13 in colorectal tumors (P = 0.03, FDR = 0.09). Chromosome conformation capture analysis identified interactions between the HOXD9 promoter and risk-associated SNPs at 2q31.1. Overexpressing HOXD9 in MOC cells augmented the neoplastic phenotype. These findings provide the first evidence for MOC susceptibility variants and insights into the underlying biology of the disease.
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Thijssen VL, Heusschen R, Caers J, Griffioen AW. Galectin expression in cancer diagnosis and prognosis: A systematic review. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2015; 1855:235-47. [PMID: 25819524 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Galectins are a family of proteins that bind to specific glycans thereby deciphering the information captured within the glycome. In the last two decades, several galectin family members have emerged as versatile modulators of tumor progression. This has initiated the development and preclinical assessment of galectin-targeting compounds. With the first compounds now entering clinical trials it is pivotal to gain insight in the diagnostic and prognostic value of galectins in cancer as this will allow a more rational selection of the patients that might benefit most from galectin-targeted therapies. Here, we present a systematic review of galectin expression in human cancer patients. Malignant transformation is frequently associated with altered galectin expression, most notably of galectin-1 and galectin-3. In most cancers, increased galectin-1 expression is associated with poor prognosis while elevated galectin-9 expression is emerging as a marker of favorable disease outcome. The prognostic value of galectin-3 appears to be tumor type dependent and the other galectins require further investigation. Regarding the latter, additional studies using larger patient cohorts are essential to fully unravel the diagnostic and prognostic value of galectin expression. Furthermore, to better compare different findings, consensus should be reached on how to assess galectin expression, not only with regard to localization within the tissue and within cellular compartments but also regarding alternative splicing and genomic variations. Finally, linking galectin expression and function to aberrant glycosylation in cancer cells will improve our understanding of how these versatile proteins can be exploited for diagnostic, prognostic and even therapeutic purposes in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor L Thijssen
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Roy Heusschen
- Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA-Research, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Jo Caers
- Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA-Research, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Arjan W Griffioen
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Xu B, Sun D, Wang Z, Weng H, Wu D, Zhang X, Zhou Y, Hu W. Expression of LATS family proteins in ovarian tumors and its significance. Hum Pathol 2015; 46:858-67. [PMID: 25841306 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2015.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2014] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer is composed of a diverse group of tumors that can be derived from the fallopian tube, endometrium, or ovary. In this study, we explored the expression levels of LATS family members in ovarian tumors using normal ovaries, fallopian tubes, and endometrium as controls. Immunohistochemistry studies of LATS1, LATS2, Pax8, and calretinin were performed on normal ovary, fallopian tube, normal endometrium, and ovarian tumor sections. Statistical analyses were conducted using the χ(2) test, Fisher exact test, or Kruskal-Wallis H test. Patient survival was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. LATS1 was expressed in normal ovarian epithelia, endometrium, and fallopian tubes, whereas LATS2 expression was observed in the normal fallopian tubes and endometrium. High expressions of LATS1 and LATS2 in serous cystadenomas gradually decreased in borderline cystadenomas and carcinomas, respectively. However, an opposite expression pattern was observed in mucinous tumors. Low expressions of LATS1 and LATS2 were also detected in clear cell carcinoma. Both LATS1 and LATS2 expression levels significantly correlated with recurrence and stage; LATS1 levels were also related with tumor grades in serous carcinoma. However, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses revealed that high expression of LATS1 was associated with better prognosis in patients with serous carcinoma. Both LATS1 and LATS2 were not related with the clinical variables in mucinous and clear cell carcinoma. LATS1 expression levels might be a valuable survival indicator in ovarian serous carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Duoxiang Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Zhihua Wang
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Haiyan Weng
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Dabao Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Xuefen Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230001, China.
| | - Weiping Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230001, China.
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Brown J, Frumovitz M. Mucinous tumors of the ovary: current thoughts on diagnosis and management. Curr Oncol Rep 2014; 16:389. [PMID: 24777667 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-014-0389-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Mucinous tumors of the ovary represent a spectrum of neoplastic disorders, including benign mucinous cystadenoma, pseudomyxoma peritonei, mucinous tumors of low malignant potential (borderline), and invasive mucinous ovarian carcinoma. These tumors are related closely to each other and are distinct from other histologic subtypes of epithelial ovarian neoplasms from a clinical, histologic, and molecular standpoint. A continuum appears to be present from benign to borderline to malignant, which is different from other types of epithelial ovarian cancer. Mutational profiles are also distinct, as KRAS mutations are common, but p53 and BRCA mutations are infrequent. These characteristics lead to specific biologic behavior and guide both clinical management and research efforts in patients with mucinous ovarian tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jubilee Brown
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Sciences, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Herman Pressler Blvd, Unit 1362, P.O. Box 301439, Houston, TX, 77030-1439, USA,
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Despite improvements in the management of ovarian cancer patients over the last 30 years, there has been only a minimal improvement in overall survival. While targeted therapeutic approaches for the treatment of cancer have evolved, major challenges in ovarian cancer research persist, including the identification of predictive biomarkers with clinical relevance, so that empirical drug selection can be avoided. In this article, we review published genomic analysis studies including data generated in our laboratory and how they have been incorporated into modern clinical trials in a rational and effective way. METHODS Multiple published genomic analysis studies were collected for review and discussion with emphasis on their potential clinical applicability. RESULTS Genomic analysis has been shown to be a powerful tool to identify dysregulated genes, aberrantly activated pathways and to uncover uniqueness of subclasses of ovarian tumors. The application of this technology has provided a solid molecular basis for different clinical behaviors associated with tumor histology and grade. Genomic signatures have been obtained to predict clinical end points for patients with cancer, including response rates, progression-free survival, and overall survival. In addition, genomic analysis has provided opportunities to identify biomarkers, which either result in a modification of existing clinical management or to stratification of patients to novel therapeutic approaches designed as clinical trials. CONCLUSIONS Genomic analyses have accelerated the identification of relevant biomarkers and extended our understanding of the molecular biology of ovarian cancer. This in turn, will hopefully lead to a paradigm shift from empirical, uniform treatment to a more rational, personalized treatment of ovarian cancers. However, validation of potential biomarkers on both the statistical and biological levels is needed to confirm they are of clinical relevance, in order to increase the likelihood that the desired outcome can be predicted and achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Wei
- Center for Cancer Research, Harvard Medical School
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Lisowska KM, Olbryt M, Dudaladava V, Pamuła-Piłat J, Kujawa K, Grzybowska E, Jarząb M, Student S, Rzepecka IK, Jarząb B, Kupryjańczyk J. Gene expression analysis in ovarian cancer - faults and hints from DNA microarray study. Front Oncol 2014; 4:6. [PMID: 24478986 PMCID: PMC3904181 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2014.00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The introduction of microarray techniques to cancer research brought great expectations for finding biomarkers that would improve patients’ treatment; however, the results of such studies are poorly reproducible and critical analyses of these methods are rare. In this study, we examined global gene expression in 97 ovarian cancer samples. Also, validation of results by quantitative RT-PCR was performed on 30 additional ovarian cancer samples. We carried out a number of systematic analyses in relation to several defined clinicopathological features. The main goal of our study was to delineate the molecular background of ovarian cancer chemoresistance and find biomarkers suitable for prediction of patients’ prognosis. We found that histological tumor type was the major source of variability in genes expression, except for serous and undifferentiated tumors that showed nearly identical profiles. Analysis of clinical endpoints [tumor response to chemotherapy, overall survival, disease-free survival (DFS)] brought results that were not confirmed by validation either on the same group or on the independent group of patients. CLASP1 was the only gene that was found to be important for DFS in the independent group, whereas in the preceding experiments it showed associations with other clinical endpoints and with BRCA1 gene mutation; thus, it may be worthy of further testing. Our results confirm that histological tumor type may be a strong confounding factor and we conclude that gene expression studies of ovarian carcinomas should be performed on histologically homogeneous groups. Among the reasons of poor reproducibility of statistical results may be the fact that despite relatively large patients’ group, in some analyses one has to compare small and unequal classes of samples. In addition, arbitrarily performed division of samples into classes compared may not always reflect their true biological diversity. And finally, we think that clinical endpoints of the tumor probably depend on subtle changes in many and, possibly, alternative molecular pathways, and such changes may be difficult to demonstrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Marta Lisowska
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology , Gliwice , Poland
| | - Magdalena Olbryt
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology , Gliwice , Poland
| | - Volha Dudaladava
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Grodno State Medical University , Grodno , Belarus
| | - Jolanta Pamuła-Piłat
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology , Gliwice , Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kujawa
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology , Gliwice , Poland
| | - Ewa Grzybowska
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology , Gliwice , Poland
| | - Michał Jarząb
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology , Gliwice , Poland
| | - Sebastian Student
- Faculty of Automated Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology , Gliwice , Poland
| | - Iwona Krystyna Rzepecka
- Department of Pathology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Barbara Jarząb
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Oncological Endocrinology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology , Gliwice , Poland
| | - Jolanta Kupryjańczyk
- Department of Pathology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology , Warsaw , Poland
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43
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Kočevar N, Grazio SF, Komel R. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of gastric tissue in an alkaline pH range. Proteomics 2014; 14:311-21. [PMID: 24293252 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201200574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
2DE in combination with MS has facilitated the discovery of several proteins with altered abundance in gastric cancer. While acidic and wide pH ranges have been widely investigated, analysis in the alkaline pH range has not been specifically performed in gastric cancer to date. In the present study, we initially optimized the 2DE in alkaline pH range (pH 7-11) for gastric tissue samples. Using a modified lysis buffer, we analyzed pooled nontumor and tumor samples for proteins with altered abundance in gastric adenocarcinoma. We successfully identified 38 silver-stained spots as 24 different proteins. Four of these were chosen for investigation with immunoblotting on individual paired samples to determine whether the changes seen in 2DE represent the overall abundance of the protein or possibly only a single form. While mitochondrial trifunctional protein (MTP) subunits were decreased in 2DE gels, immunoblotting identified their overall abundance as being differently dysregulated: in the gastric tumor samples, the MTP-α subunit was decreased, and the MTP-β subunit was increased. On the other hand, heterogenous nuclear ribonucleoprotein M and galectin-4 were increased in the gastric tumor samples in both 2DE and immunoblotting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Kočevar
- Medical Centre for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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44
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Dixon SC, Ibiebele TI, Protani MM, Beesley J, deFazio A, Crandon AJ, Gard GB, Rome RM, Webb PM, Nagle CM. Dietary folate and related micronutrients, folate-metabolising genes, and ovarian cancer survival. Gynecol Oncol 2013; 132:566-72. [PMID: 24368279 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Revised: 12/08/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Folate is essential for DNA synthesis and methylation and is implicated in tumour progression. Few studies have examined its role in ovarian cancer survival. Our objective was to determine relationships between intake of folate, related one-carbon nutrients, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in folate-metabolising genes and survival following ovarian cancer diagnosis. METHODS This analysis included 1270 women with invasive epithelial ovarian cancer diagnosed in 2002-2006. Pre-diagnostic and some post-diagnostic lifestyle, dietary, and sociodemographic information was collected via self-administered questionnaires. DNA samples were genotyped for SNPs in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), methionine synthase (MTR) and methionine synthase reductase (MTRR) genes. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using Cox regression. RESULTS Multivariate analyses did not identify associations between higher pre-diagnostic intake of folate, folic acid, vitamins B2, B6, and B12, methionine, betaine or choline and survival overall. In stratified analyses, higher folic acid and folate intake was associated with significantly worse survival among women with mucinous tumours (HRs per 100 μg 1.30 and 1.43, respectively) and smokers (HRs per 100 μg 1.23 and 1.16 respectively). There was also a suggestion that higher supplemental folic acid use post-diagnosis was associated with worse survival (HR per 100 μg 1.03, 95%CI 1.00-1.05). MTHFR SNP rs2066470 was significantly associated with survival (per allele HR 0.81, 95%CI 0.67-0.98). CONCLUSIONS Our data provide little evidence that folate intake affects ovarian cancer survival. However, combined effects with smoking, and findings within the mucinous subtype and for post-diagnosis folic acid, warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Dixon
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - T I Ibiebele
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - M M Protani
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - J Beesley
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - A deFazio
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Westmead Hospital, and Westmead Institute for Cancer Research, University of Sydney at the Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead, Australia
| | - A J Crandon
- Brisbane Private Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - G B Gard
- Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - R M Rome
- Epworth Freemasons Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - P M Webb
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - C M Nagle
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
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Terry KL, Karageorgi S, Shvetsov YB, Merritt MA, Lurie G, Thompson PJ, Carney ME, Weber RP, Akushevich L, Lo-Ciganic WH, Cushing-Haugen K, Sieh W, Moysich K, Doherty JA, Nagle CM, Berchuck A, Pearce CL, Pike M, Ness RB, Webb PM, Rossing MA, Schildkraut J, Risch H, Goodman MT. Genital powder use and risk of ovarian cancer: a pooled analysis of 8,525 cases and 9,859 controls. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2013; 6:811-21. [PMID: 23761272 PMCID: PMC3766843 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Genital powder use has been associated with risk of epithelial ovarian cancer in some, but not all, epidemiologic investigations, possibly reflecting the carcinogenic effects of talc particles found in most of these products. Whether risk increases with number of genital powder applications and for all histologic types of ovarian cancer also remains uncertain. Therefore, we estimated the association between self-reported genital powder use and epithelial ovarian cancer risk in eight population-based case-control studies. Individual data from each study were collected and harmonized. Lifetime number of genital powder applications was estimated from duration and frequency of use. Pooled ORs were calculated using conditional logistic regression matched on study and age and adjusted for potential confounders. Subtype-specific risks were estimated according to tumor behavior and histology. 8,525 cases and 9,859 controls were included in the analyses. Genital powder use was associated with a modest increased risk of epithelial ovarian cancer [OR, 1.24; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.15-1.33] relative to women who never used powder. Risk was elevated for invasive serous (OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.09-1.32), endometrioid (OR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.04-1.43), and clear cell (OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.01-1.52) tumors, and for borderline serous tumors (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.24-1.72). Among genital powder users, we observed no significant trend (P = 0.17) in risk with increasing number of lifetime applications (assessed in quartiles). We noted no increase in risk among women who only reported nongenital powder use. In summary, genital powder use is a modifiable exposure associated with small-to-moderate increases in risk of most histologic subtypes of epithelial ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn L Terry
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Tomao F, Papa A, Rossi L, Strudel M, Vici P, Lo Russo G, Tomao S. Emerging role of cancer stem cells in the biology and treatment of ovarian cancer: basic knowledge and therapeutic possibilities for an innovative approach. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2013; 32:48. [PMID: 23902592 PMCID: PMC3734167 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-32-48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In 2013 there will be an estimated 22,240 new diagnoses and 14,030 deaths from ovarian cancer in the United States. Despite the improved surgical approach and the novel active drugs that are available today in clinical practice, about 80% of women presenting with late-stage disease have a 5-year survival rate of only 30%. In the last years a growing scientific knowledge about the molecular pathways involved in ovarian carcinogenesis has led to the discovery and evaluation of several novel molecular targeted agents, with the aim to test alternative models of treatment in order to overcome the clinical problem of resistance. Cancer stem cells tend to be more resistant to chemotherapeutic agents and radiation than more differentiated cellular subtypes from the same tissue. In this context the study of ovarian cancer stem cells is taking on an increasingly important strategic role, mostly for the potential therapeutic application in the next future. In our review, we focused our attention on the molecular characteristics of epithelial ovarian cancer stem cells, in particular on possible targets to hit with targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Tomao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University of Rome, Sapienza, Rome, Italy
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47
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Ito K, Stannard K, Gabutero E, Clark AM, Neo SY, Onturk S, Blanchard H, Ralph SJ. Galectin-1 as a potent target for cancer therapy: role in the tumor microenvironment. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2013; 31:763-78. [PMID: 22706847 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-012-9388-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The microenvironment of a tumor is a highly complex milieu, primarily characterized by immunosuppression, abnormal angiogenesis, and hypoxic regions. These features promote tumor progression and metastasis, resulting in poor prognosis and greater resistance to existing cancer therapies. Galectin-1 is a β-galactoside binding protein that is abundantly secreted by almost all types of malignant tumor cells. The expression of galectin-1 is regulated by hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) and it plays vital pro-tumorigenic roles within the tumor microenvironment. In particular, galectin-1 suppresses T cell-mediated cytotoxic immune responses and promotes tumor angiogenesis. However, since galectin-1 displays many different activities by binding to a number of diverse N- or O-glycan modified target proteins, it has been difficult to fully understand how galectin-1 supports tumor growth and metastasis. This review explores the importance of galectin-1 and glycan expression patterns in the tumor microenvironment and the potential effects of inhibiting galectin-1 as a therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Ito
- School of Medical Science, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Parklands Drive, Southport, Queensland 4222, Australia.
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Houzelstein D, Reyes-Gomez E, Maurer M, Netter P, Higuet D. Expression patterns suggest that despite considerable functional redundancy, galectin-4 and -6 play distinct roles in normal and damaged mouse digestive tract. J Histochem Cytochem 2013; 61:348-61. [PMID: 23360694 DOI: 10.1369/0022155413478612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The galectin-4 protein is mostly expressed in the digestive tract and is associated with lipid raft stabilization, protein apical trafficking, wound healing, and inflammation. While most mammalian species, including humans, have a single Lgals4 gene, some mice have two paralogues: Lgals4 and Lgals6. So far, their significant similarities have hindered the analysis of their respective expression and function. We took advantage of two antibodies that discriminate between the galectin-4 and galectin-6 proteins to document their patterns of expression in the normal and the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-damaged digestive tract in the mouse. In the normal digestive tract, their pattern of expression from tongue to colon is quite similar, which suggests functional redundancy. However, the presence of galectin-4, but not galectin-6, in the lamina propria of the DSS-damaged colon, its association with luminal colonic bacteria, and differences in subcellular localization of these proteins suggest that they also have distinct roles in the normal and the damaged mouse digestive tract. Our results provide a rare example of ancestral and derived functions evolving after tandem gene duplication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Houzelstein
- Equipe Génétique et Evolution, UMR7138, CNRS and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France.
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49
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Shan L, Chen YA, Davis L, Han G, Zhu W, Molina AD, Arango H, LaPolla JP, Hoffman MS, Sellers T, Kirby T, Nicosia SV, Sutphen R. Measurement of phospholipids may improve diagnostic accuracy in ovarian cancer. PLoS One 2012; 7:e46846. [PMID: 23082132 PMCID: PMC3474784 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2011] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background More than two-thirds of women who undergo surgery for suspected ovarian neoplasm do not have cancer. Our previous results suggest phospholipids as potential biomarkers of ovarian cancer. In this study, we measured the serum levels of multiple phospholipids among women undergoing surgery for suspected ovarian cancer to identify biomarkers that better predict whether an ovarian mass is malignant. Methodology/Principal Findings We obtained serum samples preoperatively from women with suspected ovarian cancer enrolled through a prospective, population-based rapid ascertainment system. Samples were analyzed from all women in whom a diagnosis of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) was confirmed and from benign disease cases randomly selected from the remaining (non-EOC) samples. We measured biologically relevant phospholipids using liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. We applied a powerful statistical and machine learning approach, Hybrid huberized support vector machine (HH-SVM) to prioritize phospholipids to enter the biomarker models, and used cross-validation to obtain conservative estimates of classification error rates. Results The HH-SVM model using the measurements of specific combinations of phospholipids supplements clinical CA125 measurement and improves diagnostic accuracy. Specifically, the measurement of phospholipids improved sensitivity (identification of cases with preoperative CA125 levels below 35) among two types of cases in which CA125 performance is historically poor - early stage cases and those of mucinous histology. Measurement of phospholipids improved the identification of early stage cases from 65% (based on CA125) to 82%, and mucinous cases from 44% to 88%. Conclusions/Significance Levels of specific serum phospholipids differ between women with ovarian cancer and those with benign conditions. If validated by independent studies in the future, these biomarkers may serve as an adjunct at the time of clinical presentation, to distinguish between women with ovarian cancer and those with benign conditions with shared symptoms and features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Shan
- Frantz Biomarkers, LLC, Mentor, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Y. Ann Chen
- Biostatistics, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Lorelei Davis
- Frantz Biomarkers, LLC, Mentor, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Gang Han
- Biostatistics, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Weiwei Zhu
- Biostatistics, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Ashley D. Molina
- Epidemiology Center, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Hector Arango
- West Coast Gynecologic Oncology, Clearwater, Florida, United States of America
| | - James P. LaPolla
- Women's Cancer Associates, Gynecologic Oncology, St. Petersburg, Florida, United States of America
| | - Mitchell S. Hoffman
- Gynecologic Oncology, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Thomas Sellers
- Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Tyler Kirby
- West Coast Gynecologic Oncology, Clearwater, Florida, United States of America
| | - Santo V. Nicosia
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Rebecca Sutphen
- Epidemiology Center, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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