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Ko EB, Hwang KA, Choi KC. Prenatal toxicity of the environmental pollutants on neuronal and cardiac development derived from embryonic stem cells. Reprod Toxicol 2019; 90:15-23. [PMID: 31425785 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2019.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pesticides, antibiotics, and industrial excipients are widely used in agriculture, medicine, and chemical industry, respectively. They often end up in the environment, not only being not easily decomposed but also being accumulated. Moreover, they may cause serious toxic problems such as reproductive and developmental defects, immunological toxicity, and carcinogenesis. Hence, they are called environmental pollutants. It is known that the environmental pollutants easily enter the body through various channels such as respiration, ingestion of food, and skin contact etc. in everyday life. If they enter the mother through the placenta, they can cause the disturbance in embryo development as well as malfunction of organs after birth because early prenatal developmental process is highly sensitive to toxic chemicals and stress. Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) that consist of inner cell mass of blastocyst differentiate into distinct cell lineages via three germ layers such as the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm due to their pluripotency. The differentiation process initiated from ESCs reflects dynamic nature of embryonic development. Therefore, ESCs have been used as a useful tool to investigate early developmental toxicities of a variety of stress. Based on relatively recent scientific results, this review would address toxicity of a few chemical substances that have been widely used as pesticide, antibiotics, and industrial excipient on ESCs based-prenatal developmental process. This review further suggests how they act on the viability of ESCs and/or early stages of cardiac and neuronal development derived from ESCs as well as on expression of pluripotency and/or differentiation markers through diverse mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eul-Bee Ko
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-A Hwang
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Pirotte B, Florence X, Goffin E, Lebrun P. 2,2-Dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2 H-1,4-benzoxazines as isosteres of 2,2-dimethylchromans acting as inhibitors of insulin release and vascular smooth muscle relaxants. MEDCHEMCOMM 2019; 10:431-438. [PMID: 31015906 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00593a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The present study describes the synthesis and biological evaluation of 4-phenylureido/thioureido-substituted 2,2-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazines as isosteres of corresponding 2,2-dimethylchromans reported to be pancreatic β-cell KATP channel openers. The benzoxazines were found to be less active as inhibitors of the glucose-induced insulin release than their corresponding chromans, while the myorelaxant activity of some 4-arylureido-substituted benzoxazines was more pronounced than that exhibited by their chroman counterparts. The myorelaxant activity of the most potent benzoxazine 8e was further characterized on rat aortic rings precontracted by 30 mM KCl in the presence of glibenclamide (10 μM) or precontracted by 80 mM extracellular KCl. Our findings indicate that, on vascular smooth muscle cells, the benzoxazine 8e mainly behaved as a calcium entry blocker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Pirotte
- Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique , Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM) , Université de Liège , Quartier Hôpital , Avenue Hippocrate 15 , B-4000 Liège , Belgium .
| | - Xavier Florence
- Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique , Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM) , Université de Liège , Quartier Hôpital , Avenue Hippocrate 15 , B-4000 Liège , Belgium . .,Laboratoire de Physiologie et Pharmacologie , Université Libre de Bruxelles , Faculté de Médecine , 808 Route de Lennik , B-1070 Bruxelles , Belgium
| | - Eric Goffin
- Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique , Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM) , Université de Liège , Quartier Hôpital , Avenue Hippocrate 15 , B-4000 Liège , Belgium .
| | - Philippe Lebrun
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et Pharmacologie , Université Libre de Bruxelles , Faculté de Médecine , 808 Route de Lennik , B-1070 Bruxelles , Belgium
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3
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Pirotte B, Florence X, Goffin E, Medeiros MB, de Tullio P, Lebrun P. 4-Phenylureido/thioureido-substituted 2,2-dimethylchroman analogs of cromakalim bearing a bulky ‘carbamate’ moiety at the 6-position as potent inhibitors of glucose-sensitive insulin secretion. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 121:338-351. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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4
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Piccinno M, Rizzo A, Cariello G, Staffieri F, Sciorsci R. Oxytocin plus antibiotics: A synergism of potentiation to enhance bovine uterine contractility. Theriogenology 2016; 86:1203-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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5
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Modulatory effect of three antibiotics on uterus bovine contractility in vitro and likely therapeutic approaches in reproduction. Theriogenology 2014; 82:1287-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Revised: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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6
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Florence X, Desvaux V, Goffin E, de Tullio P, Pirotte B, Lebrun P. Influence of the alkylsulfonylamino substituent located at the 6-position of 2,2-dimethylchromans structurally related to cromakalim: from potassium channel openers to calcium entry blockers? Eur J Med Chem 2014; 80:36-46. [PMID: 24763361 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Revised: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The present study described the synthesis of original R/S-6-alkylsulfonylamino-3,4-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-2H-1-benzopyrans bearing a 3- or 4-substituted phenylthiourea or phenylurea moiety at the 4-position. Their biological effects were evaluated both on insulin-secreting and smooth muscle cells and were compared to those of reference KATP channel activators such as (±)-cromakalim, diazoxide and previously synthesized cromakalim analogues. The study aimed at exploring the influence of the introduction of an alkylsulfonylamino substituent at the 6-position of 2,2-dimethylchromans in order to improve biological activity, tissue selectivity but also hydrophilicity of dihydrobenzopyran derivatives. Several compounds were found to be equipotent or even more potent than (±)-cromakalim and diazoxide at inhibiting the insulin releasing process. Most of the newly synthesized and more hydrophilic dihydrobenzopyrans also exhibited a marked vasorelaxant activity although they were less potent than (±)-cromakalim. Additional pharmacological and radioisotopic investigations suggested that R/S-N-3-chlorophenyl-N'-(3,4-dihydro-6-methylsulfonylamino-2,2-dimethyl-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl)thiourea (21) did not act as a potassium channel opener but rather as a Ca(2+) entry blocker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Florence
- Laboratoire de Pharmacodynamie et de Thérapeutique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Faculté de Médecine, 808 Route de Lennik, B-1070 Bruxelles, Belgium.
| | - Vincent Desvaux
- Centre de Recherches du Cyclotron, Université de Liège, 8 Allée du 6 Août, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Eric Goffin
- Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique, Centre Interfacultaire de Recherche du Médicament (C.I.R.M.), Université de Liège, C.H.U., 1 Avenue de l'Hôpital, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Pascal de Tullio
- Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique, Centre Interfacultaire de Recherche du Médicament (C.I.R.M.), Université de Liège, C.H.U., 1 Avenue de l'Hôpital, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Bernard Pirotte
- Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique, Centre Interfacultaire de Recherche du Médicament (C.I.R.M.), Université de Liège, C.H.U., 1 Avenue de l'Hôpital, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Philippe Lebrun
- Laboratoire de Pharmacodynamie et de Thérapeutique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Faculté de Médecine, 808 Route de Lennik, B-1070 Bruxelles, Belgium
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7
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Kang SJ, Jeong SH, Kim EJ, Park YI, Park SW, Shin HS, Son SW, Kang HG. Toxic effects of methylmercury, arsanilic acid and danofloxacin on the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells into neural cells. J Vet Sci 2013; 15:61-71. [PMID: 24136205 PMCID: PMC3973767 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2014.15.1.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Accepted: 10/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to assess the neurotoxic effects of methylmercury, arsanilic acid and danofloxacin by quantification of neural-specific proteins in vitro. Quantitation of the protein markers during 14 days of differentiation indicated that the mouse ESCs were completely differentiated into neural cells by Day 8. The cells were treated with non-cytotoxic concentrations of three chemicals during differentiation. Low levels of exposure to methylmercury decreased the expression of GABAA-R and Nestin during the differentiating stage, and Nestin during the differentiated stage. In contrast, GFAP, Tuj1, and MAP2 expression was affected only by relatively high doses during both stages. Arsanilic acid affected the levels of GABAA-R and GFAP during the differentiated stage while the changes of Nestin and Tuj1 were greater during the differentiating stage. For the neural markers (except Nestin) expressed during both stages, danofloxacin affected protein levels at lower concentrations in the differentiated stage than the differentiating stage. Acetylcholinesterase activity was inhibited by relatively low concentrations of methylmercury and arsanilic acid during the differentiating stage while this activity was inhibited only by more than 40 μM of danofloxacin in the differentiated stage. Our results provide useful information about the different toxicities of chemicals and the impact on neural development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok-Jin Kang
- Toxicology and Residue Chemistry Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang 430-824, Korea
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8
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Florence X, Dilly S, de Tullio P, Pirotte B, Lebrun P. Modulation of the 6-position of benzopyran derivatives and inhibitory effects on the insulin releasing process. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:3919-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2011] [Revised: 04/26/2011] [Accepted: 05/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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Pirotte B, de Tullio P, Boverie S, Michaux C, Lebrun P. Impact of the nature of the substituent at the 3-position of 4H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxides on their opening activity toward ATP-sensitive potassium channels. J Med Chem 2011; 54:3188-99. [PMID: 21428460 DOI: 10.1021/jm200100c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of diversely substituted 3-isopropoxy-, 3-isopropylsulfanyl-, 3-isopropylsulfinyl-, and 3-isobutyl-4H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxides is described. Their activity on pancreatic β-cells (inhibitory effect on the insulin releasing process) and on vascular and uterine smooth muscle tissues (myorelaxant effects) was compared to that of previously reported K(ATP) channel openers belonging to 3-isopropylamino-4H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxides. The present study aimed at evaluating the impact on biological activity of the isosteric replacement of the NH group of 3-alkylamino-4H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxides by a O, S, S(═O), or CH(2) group. By comparing compounds bearing identical substituents, the following rank order of potency on pancreatic β-cells was observed: 3-isopropylamino > 3-isobutyl > 3-isopropoxy > 3-isopropylsulfanyl > 3-isopropylsulfinyl-substituted 4H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxides (NH > CH(2) > O > S > S(═O)). A molecular modeling study revealed that 3-isopropoxy-, 3-isopropylsulfanyl-, and 3-isopropylamino-substituted compounds adopted a similar low-energy conformation (preferred orientation of the isopropyl chain). Moreover, no direct relationship was detected between the conformational freedom of the different classes of benzothiadiazines (from the most to the lowest conformationally constrained compounds: NH > O > S > CH(2)) and their biological activity on insulin-secreting cells. Therefore, the present study confirmed the critical role of the NH group at the 3-position for the establishment of a strong hydrogen bond responsible for optimal activity expressed by 3-alkylamino-4H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxides on insulin-secreting cells. Radioisotopic and fluorimetric experiments conducted with 7-chloro-3-isopropoxy-4H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide 10c demonstrated that such a compound, bearing a short branched O-alkyl group instead of the NH-alkyl group at the 3-position, also behaved as a specific K(ATP) channel opener. Lastly, the present work further identified 3-(alkyl/aralkyl)sulfanyl-substituted 7-chloro-4H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxides as a class of promising myorelaxant drugs acting on uterine smooth muscles, at least in part, through the activation of K(ATP) channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Pirotte
- Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique, Centre Interfacultaire de Recherche du Médicament (Drug Research Center), Université de Liège , C.H.U., 1 Avenue de l'Hôpital, B-4000 Liège, Belgium.
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10
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Florence X, Sebille S, Tullio PD, Lebrun P, Pirotte B. New R/S-3,4-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-2H-1-benzopyrans as K(ATP) channel openers: modulation of the 4-position. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:7723-31. [PMID: 19822435 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2009] [Revised: 09/15/2009] [Accepted: 09/21/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The present work aimed at exploring a series of diversely 4-arylthiourea-substituted R/S-3,4-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-6-halo-2H-1-benzopyrans structurally related to (+/-)-cromakalim. These new compounds were examined in vitro as putative potassium channel openers (PCOs) on rat pancreatic islets (inhibition of insulin release) as well as on rat aorta rings (relaxation of aorta ring) and their activity was compared to that of the reference K(ATP) channel activators (+/-)-cromakalim, (+/-)-pinacidil, diazoxide and of previously reported cromakalim analogues. Structure-activity relationships indicated that the most pronounced inhibitory activity on the insulin secretory process was obtained with molecules bearing a strong meta- or para-electron-withdrawing group (CN or NO(2)) on the phenyl ring of the arylthiourea moiety at the 4-position of the benzopyran nucleus (compounds 12-23). Among those, R/S-6-chloro-4-(4-cyanophenylaminothiocarbonylamino)-3,4-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-2H-1-benzopyran (16) was found to be the most potent benzopyran-type inhibitor of insulin release ever described. Most of these original benzopyran derivatives show increased selectivity for pancreatic versus vascular tissue. Radioisotopic investigations indicated that these new compounds activated pancreatic K(ATP) channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Florence
- Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique, Centre Interfacultaire de Recherche du Médicament (Drug Research Center), Université de Liège, C.H.U., 1 Avenue de l'Hôpital, B-4000 Liège, Belgium.
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11
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Boisse T, Gautret P, Rigo B, Goossens L, Hénichart JP, Gavara L. A new synthesis of pyrrolo[3,2-b]quinolines by a tandem electrocyclization–oxidation process. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.05.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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12
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Sebille S, de Tullio P, Florence X, Becker B, Antoine MH, Michaux C, Wouters J, Pirotte B, Lebrun P. New R/S-3,4-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-6-halo-4-(phenylaminothiocarbonylamino)-2H-1-benzopyrans structurally related to (±)-cromakalim as tissue-selective pancreatic β-cell KATP channel openers. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:5704-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.03.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2007] [Accepted: 03/25/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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13
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Khelili S, Florence X, Bouhadja M, Abdelaziz S, Mechouch N, Mohamed Y, de Tullio P, Lebrun P, Pirotte B. Synthesis and activity on rat aorta rings and rat pancreatic beta-cells of ring-opened analogues of benzopyran-type potassium channel activators. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:6124-30. [PMID: 18479927 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2008] [Accepted: 04/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Ring-opened analogues of dihydrobenzopyran potassium channel openers (PCOs) were prepared and evaluated as putative PCOs on rat aorta rings (myorelaxant effect) and rat pancreatic beta-cells (inhibition of insulin secretion). These derivatives are characterized by the presence of a sulfonylurea, a urea or an amide function. Some compounds bearing an arylurea moiety provoked vasorelaxant effects and a marked inhibition of insulin release. Derivatives bearing a sulfonylurea or an amide function were, however, poorly active on both tissues. Structure-activity relationships and apparent tissue selectivity are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smail Khelili
- Laboratoire de chimie pharmaceutique, de pharmacologie et d'ecotoxicologie, Faculté des sciences, Université de Jijel, B.P. 98 Ouled Aissa, 18000 Jijel, Algeria
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14
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KATP channel openers: Tissue selectivity of original 3-alkylaminopyrido- and 3-alkylaminobenzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxides. Biochem Pharmacol 2008; 75:468-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2007.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2007] [Revised: 08/28/2007] [Accepted: 08/28/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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Khelili S, Lebrun P, de Tullio P, Pirotte B. Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of some N-arylsulfonyl-N-methyl-N′-(2,2-dimethyl-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl)ureas structurally related to cromakalim. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:3530-4. [PMID: 16455262 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2005] [Revised: 12/22/2005] [Accepted: 01/06/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Some N-arylsulfonyl-N-methyl-N'-(2,2-dimethyl-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl)ureas were prepared and evaluated as putative potassium channel openers on the vascular and uterine smooth muscle tissue (myorelaxant effect), as well as on insulin-secreting pancreatic islets (inhibition of insulin release). The pharmacological results indicated that these compounds exhibited a marked biological activity on these three tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smail Khelili
- Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique, de Pharmacologie et d'Ecotoxicologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Jijel, B.P. 98 Ouled Aissa, 18000 Jijel, Algeria
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16
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de Tullio P, Boverie S, Becker B, Antoine MH, Nguyen QA, Francotte P, Counerotte S, Sebille S, Pirotte B, Lebrun P. 3-Alkylamino-4H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxides as ATP-sensitive potassium channel openers: effect of 6,7-disubstitution on potency and tissue selectivity. J Med Chem 2005; 48:4990-5000. [PMID: 16033278 DOI: 10.1021/jm0580050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of 6,7-disubstituted 4H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxides bearing a short alkylamino side chain in the 3-position were synthesized. These compounds were tested on rat pancreatic islets and on rat aorta rings. In vitro data indicated that in most cases substitution in the 6 and the 7 positions increased their activity as inhibitors of insulin secretion, while the myorelaxant potency of the drugs was maintained or enhanced according to the nature of the substituent in the 7-position. The presence of either chlorine or bromine atoms in the 6 and 7 positions did not improve the apparent selectivity of the drugs for the pancreatic tissue. By contrast, the introduction of one or two fluorine atoms, as well as the presence of a methoxy group in the 7-position, generated potent and selective inhibitors of insulin release. Radioisotopic and fluorimetric experiments performed with the most potent compound inhibiting insulin release (34, BPDZ 259, 6-chloro-7-fluoro-3-isopropylamino-4H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide) confirmed that the drug activated K(ATP) channels. 34 was found to be one of the most potent and selective pancreatic potassium channel openers yet described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal de Tullio
- Centre de Recherche en Pharmacochimie des Substances Naturelles et Synthétiques, Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique, Université de Liège, 1 Avenue de l'Hôpital, B-4000 Liège, Belgium.
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17
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Sebille S, de Tullio P, Becker B, Antoine MH, Boverie S, Pirotte B, Lebrun P. 4,6-Disubstituted 2,2-Dimethylchromans Structurally Related to the KATP Channel Opener Cromakalim: Design, Synthesis, and Effect on Insulin Release and Vascular Tone. J Med Chem 2004; 48:614-21. [PMID: 15658874 DOI: 10.1021/jm040789e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Five series (ureas, thioureas, carbamates, sulfonylureas, and amides) of 4,6-disubstituted-2,2-dimethylchromans structurally related to cromakalim were prepared and evaluated, as putative ATP-sensitive potassium channel activators, on rat pancreatic islets and rat aorta rings. The biological data indicate that most compounds were, like the reference molecule cromakalim, more active on the vascular smooth muscle tissue (myorelaxant effect on 30 mM KCl induced contractions of rat aorta rings) than on the pancreatic tissue (inhibition of 16.7 mM glucose induced insulin release from rat pancreatic islets). However, some drugs (8h, 8i, 9f, 9g, 9h, and 9i) markedly inhibited insulin release and exhibited an activity equivalent or greater than that of diazoxide. Compounds 9h and 9i were also found to be more active on pancreatic beta-cells than on vascular smooth muscle cells. Last, the amide 6b was selected in order to examine its mechanism of action on vascular smooth muscle cells. Pharmacological results suggest that the compound acted as a K(ATP) channel opener. In conclusion, the present data indicate that appropriate structural modifications can generate dimethylchromans with pharmacological profiles different from that of cromakalim.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Sebille
- Natural and Synthetic Drugs Research Center, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Université de Liège, 1 av. de l'Hôpital, tour 4 (+5) Sart-Tilman, B-4000 Liège, Belgium.
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18
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Becker B, Morel N, Vanbellinghen AM, Lebrun P. Blockade of calcium entry in smooth muscle cells by the antidepressant imipramine. Biochem Pharmacol 2004; 68:833-42. [PMID: 15294446 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2004.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2004] [Accepted: 05/10/2004] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of antidepressants on smooth muscle contractile activity. In rat aortic rings, the antidepressants imipramine, mianserin and sertraline provoked concentration-dependent inhibitions of the mechanical responses evoked by K+ (30 mM) depolarization. These myorelaxant effects were not modified by the presence of glibenclamide or 80 mM K+ in the bathing medium. Moreover, the vasodilator properties of imipramine were not affected by atropine, phentolamine and pyrilamine. Radioisotopic experiments indicated that imipramine failed to enhance 86Rb outflow from prelabelled and perifused aortic rings whilst counteracting the increase in 45Ca outflow provoked by a rise in the extracellular K+ concentration. Simultaneous measurements of contractile activity and fura-2 fluorescence revealed that, in aortic rings, imipramine reduced the mechanical and fluorimetric response to K+ challenge. In A7r5 smooth muscle cells, whole cell recordings further demonstrated that imipramine inhibited the inward Ca2+ current. Under different experimental conditions, the ionic and relaxation responses to the antidepressants were reminiscent of those mediated by the Ca2+ entry blocker verapamil. Lastly, it should be pointed out that imipramine exhibited a myorelaxant effect of similar amplitude on rat aorta and on rat distal colon. All together, these findings suggest that the myorelaxant properties of imipramine, and probably also setraline and mianserin, could result from their capacity to inhibit the voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bénédicte Becker
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Experimental Hormonology, Faculty of Medicine (CP 617), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium
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Lambot N, Lebrun P, Cirelli N, Vanbellinghen AM, Delogne-Desnoeck J, Graff G, Meuris S. Colloidal effect of albumin on the placental lactogen and chorionic gonadotrophin releases from human term placental explants. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2004; 315:342-8. [PMID: 14766213 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.01.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2004] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Albumin has been reported to stimulate the release of placental lactogen and chorionic gonadotrophin from human term placental explants within physiological concentrations. This study aimed at characterizing further its effect on the placental hormonal secretion. The placental lactogen and chorionic gonadotrophin secretory response of incubated explants to 5% albumin was reproduced by colloidal agents, i.e., dextran (4.5%) and polygelin (4%), indicating that a rise in colloidal osmotic pressure can elicit hormonal release from the syncytiotrophoblast. Their secretory effects were not modified by the absence of extracellular calcium or the presence of verapamil in the medium. The three agents also provoked a marked increase in (45)calcium outflow from preloaded and perifused explants that persisted in absence of extracellular calcium. These data indicate that the triggering effect of albumin on placental lactogen and chorionic gonadotrophin release can be partly reproduced by colloidal agents and is independent of extracellular calcium.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Lambot
- Laboratory of Experimental Hormonology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels 1070, Belgium.
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Dunne MJ, Cosgrove KE, Shepherd RM, Aynsley-Green A, Lindley KJ. Hyperinsulinism in Infancy: From Basic Science to Clinical Disease. Physiol Rev 2004; 84:239-75. [PMID: 14715916 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00022.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dunne, Mark J., Karen E. Cosgrove, Ruth M. Shepherd, Albert Aynsley-Green, and Keith J. Lindley. Hyperinsulinism in Infancy: From Basic Science to Clinical Disease. Physiol Rev 84: 239–275, 2004; 10.1152/physrev.00022.2003.—Ion channelopathies have now been described in many well-characterized cell types including neurons, myocytes, epithelial cells, and endocrine cells. However, in only a few cases has the relationship between altered ion channel function, cell biology, and clinical disease been defined. Hyperinsulinism in infancy (HI) is a rare, potentially lethal condition of the newborn and early childhood. The causes of HI are varied and numerous, but in almost all cases they share a common target protein, the ATP-sensitive K+channel. From gene defects in ion channel subunits to defects in β-cell metabolism and anaplerosis, this review describes the relationship between pathogenesis and clinical medicine. Until recently, HI was generally considered an orphan disease, but as parallel defects in ion channels, enzymes, and metabolic pathways also give rise to diabetes and impaired insulin release, the HI paradigm has wider implications for more common disorders of the endocrine pancreas and the molecular physiology of ion transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Dunne
- Research Division of Physiology and Pharmacology, The School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
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