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Michael OS, Kanthakumar P, Soni H, Rajesh Lenin R, Abhiram Jha K, Gangaraju R, Adebiyi A. Urotensin II system in chronic kidney disease. Curr Res Physiol 2024; 7:100126. [PMID: 38779598 PMCID: PMC11109353 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphys.2024.100126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive and long-term condition marked by a gradual decline in kidney function. CKD is prevalent among those with conditions such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and glomerulonephritis. Affecting over 10% of the global population, CKD stands as a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Despite substantial advances in understanding CKD pathophysiology and management, there is still a need to explore novel mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. Urotensin II (UII), a potent vasoactive peptide, has garnered attention for its possible role in the development and progression of CKD. The UII system consists of endogenous ligands UII and UII-related peptide (URP) and their receptor, UT. URP pathophysiology is understudied, but alterations in tissue expression levels of UII and UT and blood or urinary UII concentrations have been linked to cardiovascular and kidney dysfunctions, including systemic hypertension, chronic heart failure, glomerulonephritis, and diabetes. UII gene polymorphisms are associated with increased risk of diabetes. Pharmacological inhibition or genetic ablation of UT mitigated kidney and cardiovascular disease in rodents, making the UII system a potential target for slowing CKD progression. However, a deeper understanding of the UII system's cellular mechanisms in renal and extrarenal organs is essential for comprehending its role in CKD pathophysiology. This review explores the evolving connections between the UII system and CKD, addressing potential mechanisms, therapeutic implications, controversies, and unexplored concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olugbenga S. Michael
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Praghalathan Kanthakumar
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Hitesh Soni
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Raji Rajesh Lenin
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Kumar Abhiram Jha
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Rajashekhar Gangaraju
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Adebowale Adebiyi
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- NextGen Precision Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
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Bearce EA, Irons ZH, O'Hara-Smith JR, Kuhns CJ, Fisher SI, Crow WE, Grimes DT. Urotensin II-related peptides, Urp1 and Urp2, control zebrafish spine morphology. eLife 2022; 11:e83883. [PMID: 36453722 PMCID: PMC9836392 DOI: 10.7554/elife.83883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The spine provides structure and support to the body, yet how it develops its characteristic morphology as the organism grows is little understood. This is underscored by the commonality of conditions in which the spine curves abnormally such as scoliosis, kyphosis, and lordosis. Understanding the origin of these spinal curves has been challenging in part due to the lack of appropriate animal models. Recently, zebrafish have emerged as promising tools with which to understand the origin of spinal curves. Using zebrafish, we demonstrate that the urotensin II-related peptides (URPs), Urp1 and Urp2, are essential for maintaining spine morphology. Urp1 and Urp2 are 10-amino acid cyclic peptides expressed by neurons lining the central canal of the spinal cord. Upon combined genetic loss of Urp1 and Urp2, adolescent-onset planar curves manifested in the caudal region of the spine. Highly similar curves were caused by mutation of Uts2r3, an URP receptor. Quantitative comparisons revealed that urotensin-associated curves were distinct from other zebrafish spinal curve mutants in curve position and direction. Last, we found that the Reissner fiber, a proteinaceous thread that sits in the central canal and has been implicated in the control of spine morphology, breaks down prior to curve formation in mutants with perturbed cilia motility but was unaffected by loss of Uts2r3. This suggests a Reissner fiber-independent mechanism of curvature in urotensin-deficient mutants. Overall, our results show that Urp1 and Urp2 control zebrafish spine morphology and establish new animal models of spine deformity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Bearce
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, University of OregonEugeneUnited States
| | - Zoe H Irons
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, University of OregonEugeneUnited States
| | | | - Colin J Kuhns
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, University of OregonEugeneUnited States
| | - Sophie I Fisher
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, University of OregonEugeneUnited States
| | - William E Crow
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, University of OregonEugeneUnited States
| | - Daniel T Grimes
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, University of OregonEugeneUnited States
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Cui L, Lv C, Zhang J, Li J, Wang Y. Characterization of four urotensin II receptors (UTS2Rs) in chickens. Peptides 2021; 138:170482. [PMID: 33359825 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2020.170482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Urotensin II receptor (UTS2R) is suggested to mediate the actions of urotensin II (UTS2) and UTS2-related peptide (URP, also called UTS2B) in mammals. However, the information regarding the gene structure, functionality and tissue expression of UTS2/URP receptor remains largely unknown in non-mammalian vertebrates including birds. In this study, using RACE-PCR, we cloned the full-length cDNAs of four chicken UTS2/URP receptors and designated them as cUTS2R1, cUTS2R2, cUTS2R3 and cUTS2R5 respectively, according to their evolutionary origin. The cloned cUTS2R1, cUTS2R2, cUTS2R3 and cUTS2R5 are predicted to encode 7-transmembrane receptors of 382, 343, 331 and 363 amino acids respectively, which show 50-66 % amino acid sequence identity with human UTS2R. Using cell-based luciferase reporter assays and Western blot, we demonstrated that chicken UTS2Rs expressed in HEK293 cells could be effectively activated by synthetic chicken UTS2-12, UTS2-17 and URP peptides, and their activation can elevate intracellular calcium concentration and activate MAPK/ERK signaling cascade, indicating that the four UTS2Rs are functional and capable of mediating UTS2/URP actions in chickens. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that the four receptors are widely, but differentially, expressed in adult chicken tissues, while cUTS2 and cURP are highly expressed in the hindbrain and spinal cord, and moderately/weakly expressed in other tissues examined including the spleen and gonads. Taken together, our data provide first piece of evidence that all four UTS2Rs are functional in an avian species and help to reveal the conserved roles of UTS2R signaling across vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Cui
- Key laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, PR China
| | - Can Lv
- Key laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, PR China
| | - Jiannan Zhang
- Key laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, PR China
| | - Juan Li
- Key laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, PR China; Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China.
| | - Yajun Wang
- Key laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, PR China; Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China.
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Konno N, Takano M, Miura K, Miyazato M, Nakamachi T, Matsuda K, Kaiya H. Identification and signaling characterization of four urotensin II receptor subtypes in the western clawed frog, Xenopus tropicalis. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2020; 299:113586. [PMID: 32828811 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2020.113586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Urotensin II (UII) is involved, via the UII receptor (UTR), in many physiological and pathological processes, including vasoconstriction, locomotion, osmoregulation, immune response, and metabolic syndrome. In silico studies have revealed the presence of four or five distinct UTR (UTR1-UTR5) gene sequences in nonmammalian vertebrates. However, the functionality of these receptor subtypes and their associations to signaling pathways are unclear. In this study, full-length cDNAs encoding four distinct UTR subtypes (UTR1, UTR3, UTR4, and UTR5) were isolated from the western clawed frog (Xenopus tropicalis). In functional analyses, homologous Xenopus UII stimulation of cells expressing UTR1 or UTR5 induced intracellular calcoum mobilization and phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2. Cells expressing UTR3 or UTR4 did not show this response. Furthermore, UII induced the phosphorylation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element binding protein (CREB) through the UII-UTR1/5 system. However, intracellular cAMP accumulation was not observed, suggesting that UII-induced CREB phosphorylation is caused by a signaling pathway different from that involving Gs protein. In contrast, the administration of UII to cells increased the phosphorylation of guanine nucleotide exchange factor-H1 (GEF-H1) and myosin light chain 2 (MLC2) in all UTR subtypes. These results define four distinct UTR functional subtypes and are consistent with the molecular evolution of UTR subtypes in vertebrates. Further understanding of signaling properties associated with UTR subtypes may help in clarifying the functional roles associated with UII-UTR interactions in nonmammalian vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norifumi Konno
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan.
| | - Moe Takano
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - Koichi Miura
- Department of Biochemistry, National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 6-1 Kishibe-shinmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Mikiya Miyazato
- Department of Biochemistry, National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 6-1 Kishibe-shinmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
| | - Tomoya Nakamachi
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - Kouhei Matsuda
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kaiya
- Department of Biochemistry, National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 6-1 Kishibe-shinmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
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Nassour H, Iddir M, Chatenet D. Towards Targeting the Urotensinergic System: Overview and Challenges. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2019; 40:725-734. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2019.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Castel H, Desrues L, Joubert JE, Tonon MC, Prézeau L, Chabbert M, Morin F, Gandolfo P. The G Protein-Coupled Receptor UT of the Neuropeptide Urotensin II Displays Structural and Functional Chemokine Features. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2017; 8:76. [PMID: 28487672 PMCID: PMC5403833 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The urotensinergic system was previously considered as being linked to numerous physiopathological states, including atherosclerosis, heart failure, hypertension, pre-eclampsia, diabetes, renal disease, as well as brain vascular lesions. Thus, it turns out that the actions of the urotensin II (UII)/G protein-coupled receptor UT system in animal models are currently not predictive enough in regard to their effects in human clinical trials and that UII analogs, established to target UT, were not as beneficial as expected in pathological situations. Thus, many questions remain regarding the overall signaling profiles of UT leading to complex involvement in cardiovascular and inflammatory responses as well as cancer. We address the potential UT chemotactic structural and functional definition under an evolutionary angle, by the existence of a common conserved structural feature among chemokine receptorsopioïdergic receptors and UT, i.e., a specific proline position in the transmembrane domain-2 TM2 (P2.58) likely responsible for a kink helical structure that would play a key role in chemokine functions. Even if the last decade was devoted to the elucidation of the cardiovascular control by the urotensinergic system, we also attempt here to discuss the role of UII on inflammation and migration, likely providing a peptide chemokine status for UII. Indeed, our recent work established that activation of UT by a gradient concentration of UII recruits Gαi/o and Gα13 couplings in a spatiotemporal way, controlling key signaling events leading to chemotaxis. We think that this new vision of the urotensinergic system should help considering UT as a chemotactic therapeutic target in pathological situations involving cell chemoattraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Castel
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM, DC2N, Rouen, France
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Rouen, France
- *Correspondence: Hélène Castel,
| | - Laurence Desrues
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM, DC2N, Rouen, France
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Rouen, France
| | - Jane-Eileen Joubert
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM, DC2N, Rouen, France
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Rouen, France
| | - Marie-Christine Tonon
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM, DC2N, Rouen, France
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Rouen, France
| | - Laurent Prézeau
- CNRS UMR 5203, INSERM U661, Institute of Functional Genomic (IGF), University of Montpellier 1 and 2, Montpellier, France
| | - Marie Chabbert
- UMR CNRS 6214, INSERM 1083, Faculté de Médecine 3, Angers, France
| | - Fabrice Morin
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM, DC2N, Rouen, France
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Rouen, France
| | - Pierrick Gandolfo
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM, DC2N, Rouen, France
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Rouen, France
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Albanese I, Daskalopoulou SS, Yu B, You Z, Genest J, Alsheikh-Ali A, Schwertani AG. The Urotensin II System and Carotid Atherosclerosis: A Role in Vascular Calcification. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:149. [PMID: 27375483 PMCID: PMC4894881 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The aims of the present study were to determine the expression of urotensin II (UII), urotensin-II related peptide (URP), and their receptor (UT) in stable and unstable carotid atherosclerosis, and determine the effects of UII on human aortic smooth muscle cell (SMCs) calcification. METHODS AND RESULTS We examined UII, URP, and UT protein expression in 88 carotid endarterectomy specimens using immunohistochemistry. Expression of UII, URP, and UT was more evident in unstable compared to stable plaques (P < 0.05). Multivariate Spearman correlation analyses revealed significant positive correlations between UII, URP and UT overall staining and presence of calcification, severity of stenosis and inflammation (P < 0.05). Subjects undergoing carotid endarterectomy had significantly higher plasma UII levels, as assessed by ELISA, when compared with normolipidemic healthy control subjects (P < 0.05). Incubation of human aortic SMCs cultured in phosphate media with varying concentrations of UII resulted in a significant increase in calcium deposition and alkaline phosphatase activity. UII also significantly increased β-catenin translocation and expression of ALPL, BMP2, ON, and SOX9 (P < 0.05). Incubation of cells with phosphate medium alone increased the expression of the pre-UT and mature UT (P < 0.01), and addition of UII had a synergistic effect on pre-UT protein expression (P < 0.001) compared to phosphate medium alone. CONCLUSIONS Upregulation of UII, URP, and UT in unstable carotid endarterectomy plaques and plasma, and the stimulatory effect of UII on vascular smooth muscle cell calcification suggest that the UII system may play a role in the pathogenesis of vascular calcification and stability of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bin Yu
- Cardiology, McGill University Health Center Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Zhipeng You
- Cardiology, McGill University Health Center Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jacques Genest
- Cardiology, McGill University Health Center Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alawi Alsheikh-Ali
- Cardiology, College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University Dubai, UAE
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Vaudry H, Leprince J, Chatenet D, Fournier A, Lambert DG, Le Mével JC, Ohlstein EH, Schwertani A, Tostivint H, Vaudry D. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. XCII. Urotensin II, urotensin II-related peptide, and their receptor: from structure to function. Pharmacol Rev 2015; 67:214-58. [PMID: 25535277 DOI: 10.1124/pr.114.009480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Urotensin II (UII) is a cyclic neuropeptide that was first isolated from the urophysis of teleost fish on the basis of its ability to contract the hindgut. Subsequently, UII was characterized in tetrapods including humans. Phylogenetic studies and synteny analysis indicate that UII and its paralogous peptide urotensin II-related peptide (URP) belong to the somatostatin/cortistatin superfamily. In mammals, the UII and URP genes are primarily expressed in cholinergic neurons of the brainstem and spinal cord. UII and URP mRNAs are also present in various organs notably in the cardiovascular, renal, and endocrine systems. UII and URP activate a common G protein-coupled receptor, called UT, that exhibits relatively high sequence identity with somatostatin, opioid, and galanin receptors. The UT gene is widely expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) and in peripheral tissues including the retina, heart, vascular bed, lung, kidney, adrenal medulla, and skeletal muscle. Structure-activity relationship studies and NMR conformational analysis have led to the rational design of a number of peptidic and nonpeptidic UT agonists and antagonists. Consistent with the wide distribution of UT, UII has now been shown to exert a large array of biologic activities, in particular in the CNS, the cardiovascular system, and the kidney. Here, we review the current knowledge concerning the pleiotropic actions of UII and discusses the possible use of antagonists for future therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hubert Vaudry
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U982, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.), University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.); Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier, Laval, Québec, Canada (D.C., A.F.); International Associated Laboratory Samuel de Champlain, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.C., A.F., D.V.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom (D.G.L.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1101, Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Brest, France (J.-C.L.M.); AltheRx Pharmaceuticals, Malvern, Pennsylvania (E.H.O.); Division of Cardiology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada (A.S.); and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7221, Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (H.T.)
| | - Jérôme Leprince
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U982, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.), University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.); Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier, Laval, Québec, Canada (D.C., A.F.); International Associated Laboratory Samuel de Champlain, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.C., A.F., D.V.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom (D.G.L.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1101, Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Brest, France (J.-C.L.M.); AltheRx Pharmaceuticals, Malvern, Pennsylvania (E.H.O.); Division of Cardiology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada (A.S.); and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7221, Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (H.T.)
| | - David Chatenet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U982, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.), University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.); Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier, Laval, Québec, Canada (D.C., A.F.); International Associated Laboratory Samuel de Champlain, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.C., A.F., D.V.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom (D.G.L.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1101, Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Brest, France (J.-C.L.M.); AltheRx Pharmaceuticals, Malvern, Pennsylvania (E.H.O.); Division of Cardiology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada (A.S.); and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7221, Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (H.T.)
| | - Alain Fournier
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U982, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.), University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.); Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier, Laval, Québec, Canada (D.C., A.F.); International Associated Laboratory Samuel de Champlain, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.C., A.F., D.V.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom (D.G.L.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1101, Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Brest, France (J.-C.L.M.); AltheRx Pharmaceuticals, Malvern, Pennsylvania (E.H.O.); Division of Cardiology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada (A.S.); and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7221, Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (H.T.)
| | - David G Lambert
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U982, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.), University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.); Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier, Laval, Québec, Canada (D.C., A.F.); International Associated Laboratory Samuel de Champlain, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.C., A.F., D.V.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom (D.G.L.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1101, Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Brest, France (J.-C.L.M.); AltheRx Pharmaceuticals, Malvern, Pennsylvania (E.H.O.); Division of Cardiology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada (A.S.); and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7221, Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (H.T.)
| | - Jean-Claude Le Mével
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U982, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.), University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.); Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier, Laval, Québec, Canada (D.C., A.F.); International Associated Laboratory Samuel de Champlain, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.C., A.F., D.V.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom (D.G.L.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1101, Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Brest, France (J.-C.L.M.); AltheRx Pharmaceuticals, Malvern, Pennsylvania (E.H.O.); Division of Cardiology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada (A.S.); and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7221, Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (H.T.)
| | - Eliot H Ohlstein
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U982, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.), University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.); Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier, Laval, Québec, Canada (D.C., A.F.); International Associated Laboratory Samuel de Champlain, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.C., A.F., D.V.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom (D.G.L.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1101, Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Brest, France (J.-C.L.M.); AltheRx Pharmaceuticals, Malvern, Pennsylvania (E.H.O.); Division of Cardiology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada (A.S.); and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7221, Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (H.T.)
| | - Adel Schwertani
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U982, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.), University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.); Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier, Laval, Québec, Canada (D.C., A.F.); International Associated Laboratory Samuel de Champlain, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.C., A.F., D.V.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom (D.G.L.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1101, Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Brest, France (J.-C.L.M.); AltheRx Pharmaceuticals, Malvern, Pennsylvania (E.H.O.); Division of Cardiology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada (A.S.); and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7221, Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (H.T.)
| | - Hervé Tostivint
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U982, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.), University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.); Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier, Laval, Québec, Canada (D.C., A.F.); International Associated Laboratory Samuel de Champlain, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.C., A.F., D.V.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom (D.G.L.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1101, Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Brest, France (J.-C.L.M.); AltheRx Pharmaceuticals, Malvern, Pennsylvania (E.H.O.); Division of Cardiology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada (A.S.); and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7221, Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (H.T.)
| | - David Vaudry
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U982, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.), University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.); Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier, Laval, Québec, Canada (D.C., A.F.); International Associated Laboratory Samuel de Champlain, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.C., A.F., D.V.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom (D.G.L.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1101, Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Brest, France (J.-C.L.M.); AltheRx Pharmaceuticals, Malvern, Pennsylvania (E.H.O.); Division of Cardiology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada (A.S.); and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7221, Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (H.T.)
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9
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Brancaccio D, Merlino F, Limatola A, Yousif AM, Gomez-Monterrey I, Campiglia P, Novellino E, Grieco P, Carotenuto A. An investigation into the origin of the biased agonism associated with the urotensin II receptor activation. J Pept Sci 2015; 21:392-9. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.2740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Brancaccio
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Naples ‘Federico II’; I-80131 Naples Italy
| | - Francesco Merlino
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Naples ‘Federico II’; I-80131 Naples Italy
| | - Antonio Limatola
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Naples ‘Federico II’; I-80131 Naples Italy
| | - Ali Munaim Yousif
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Naples ‘Federico II’; I-80131 Naples Italy
| | | | - Pietro Campiglia
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Salerno; I-84084 Fisciano Salerno Italy
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Naples ‘Federico II’; I-80131 Naples Italy
| | - Paolo Grieco
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Naples ‘Federico II’; I-80131 Naples Italy
- CIRPEB: Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi University of Naples ‘Federico II’, DFM-Scarl; Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging - CNR; 80134 Naples Italy
| | - Alfonso Carotenuto
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Naples ‘Federico II’; I-80131 Naples Italy
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10
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Tostivint H, Ocampo Daza D, Bergqvist CA, Quan FB, Bougerol M, Lihrmann I, Larhammar D. Molecular evolution of GPCRs: Somatostatin/urotensin II receptors. J Mol Endocrinol 2014; 52:T61-86. [PMID: 24740737 DOI: 10.1530/jme-13-0274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Somatostatin (SS) and urotensin II (UII) are members of two families of structurally related neuropeptides present in all vertebrates. They exert a large array of biological activities that are mediated by two families of G-protein-coupled receptors called SSTR and UTS2R respectively. It is proposed that the two families of peptides as well as those of their receptors probably derive from a single ancestral ligand-receptor pair. This pair had already been duplicated before the emergence of vertebrates to generate one SS peptide with two receptors and one UII peptide with one receptor. Thereafter, each family expanded in the three whole-genome duplications (1R, 2R, and 3R) that occurred during the evolution of vertebrates, whereupon some local duplications and gene losses occurred. Following the 2R event, the vertebrate ancestor is deduced to have possessed three SS (SS1, SS2, and SS5) and six SSTR (SSTR1-6) genes, on the one hand, and four UII (UII, URP, URP1, and URP2) and five UTS2R (UTS2R1-5) genes, on the other hand. In the teleost lineage, all these have been preserved with the exception of SSTR4. Moreover, several additional genes have been gained through the 3R event, such as SS4 and a second copy of the UII, SSTR2, SSTR3, and SSTR5 genes, and through local duplications, such as SS3. In mammals, all the genes of the SSTR family have been preserved, with the exception of SSTR6. In contrast, for the other families, extensive gene losses occurred, as only the SS1, SS2, UII, and URP genes and one UTS2R gene are still present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hervé Tostivint
- Evolution des Régulations EndocriniennesUMR 7221 CNRS and Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, FranceDepartment of NeuroscienceScience for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SwedenInserm U982Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication Laboratory, Institute for Research and Innovation (IRIB), Rouen University, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Daniel Ocampo Daza
- Evolution des Régulations EndocriniennesUMR 7221 CNRS and Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, FranceDepartment of NeuroscienceScience for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SwedenInserm U982Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication Laboratory, Institute for Research and Innovation (IRIB), Rouen University, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Christina A Bergqvist
- Evolution des Régulations EndocriniennesUMR 7221 CNRS and Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, FranceDepartment of NeuroscienceScience for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SwedenInserm U982Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication Laboratory, Institute for Research and Innovation (IRIB), Rouen University, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Feng B Quan
- Evolution des Régulations EndocriniennesUMR 7221 CNRS and Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, FranceDepartment of NeuroscienceScience for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SwedenInserm U982Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication Laboratory, Institute for Research and Innovation (IRIB), Rouen University, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Marion Bougerol
- Evolution des Régulations EndocriniennesUMR 7221 CNRS and Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, FranceDepartment of NeuroscienceScience for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SwedenInserm U982Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication Laboratory, Institute for Research and Innovation (IRIB), Rouen University, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Isabelle Lihrmann
- Evolution des Régulations EndocriniennesUMR 7221 CNRS and Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, FranceDepartment of NeuroscienceScience for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SwedenInserm U982Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication Laboratory, Institute for Research and Innovation (IRIB), Rouen University, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Dan Larhammar
- Evolution des Régulations EndocriniennesUMR 7221 CNRS and Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, FranceDepartment of NeuroscienceScience for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SwedenInserm U982Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication Laboratory, Institute for Research and Innovation (IRIB), Rouen University, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
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11
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Al Kindi H, Hafiane A, You Z, Albanese I, Pilote L, Genest J, Schwertani A. Circulating levels of the vasoactive peptide urotensin II in patients with acute coronary syndrome and stable coronary artery disease. Peptides 2014; 55:151-7. [PMID: 24642358 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2014.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Revised: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Urotensin II (UII) is a vasoactive peptide with various roles in cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology. There is an accumulating evidence implicating UII in atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease, making it an important target in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). In this study, we sought to determine the plasma levels of UII in ACS patients within 48 h of clinical presentation and after a 12-week recovery period. We compared them to patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) and a control group of normolipidemic subjects without known CAD. Using a highly sensitive ELISA technique, we measured plasma UII in 27 ACS patients, 26 stable CAD patients and 22 age-matched controls. ACS patients had significantly elevated plasma UII during the first 48 h of clinical presentation compared to stable CAD patients and controls. We also found significant positive correlations between UII and CRP and with triglycerides and a significant negative correlation between UII and EF. There was no correlation with LDL-C. In conclusion, plasma UII levels were elevated in patients with acute coronary syndrome, particularly immediately after clinical presentation. This suggests an upregulation of UII expression in ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamood Al Kindi
- Division of Cardiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anouar Hafiane
- Division of Cardiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Zhipeng You
- Division of Cardiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Isabella Albanese
- Division of Cardiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Louise Pilote
- Division of Cardiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jacques Genest
- Division of Cardiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Adel Schwertani
- Division of Cardiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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12
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ADEBIYI ADEBOWALE. RGS2 regulates urotensin II-induced intracellular Ca2+ elevation and contraction in glomerular mesangial cells. J Cell Physiol 2014; 229:502-11. [PMID: 24105430 PMCID: PMC11250777 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2012] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Urotensin II (UII), a vasoactive peptide modulates renal hemodynamics. However, the physiological functions of UII in glomerular cells are unclear. In particular, whether UII alters mesangial tone remains largely unknown. The present study investigates the physiological effects of UII on glomerular mesangial cells (GMCs). This study also tested the hypothesis that the regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS) controls UII receptor (UTR) activity in GMCs. RT-PCR, Western immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence revealed UTR expression in cultured murine GMCs. Mouse UII (mUII) stimulated Ca(2+) release from intracellular stores and activated store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) in the cells. mUII also caused a reduction in planar GMC surface area. mUII-induced [Ca(2+)]i elevation and contraction were attenuated by SB 657510, a UTR antagonist, araguspongin B, an inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor antagonist, thapsigargin, a sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase inhibitor, and La(3+), a store-operated Ca(2+) channel blocker, but not nimodipine, an L-type Ca(2+) channel blocker. In situ proximity ligation assay indicated molecular proximity between endogenous RGS2 and UTR in the cells. Treatment of GMCs with mUII elevated plasma membrane expression of RGS2 by ∼2-fold. mUII also increased the interaction between RGS2 and UTR in the cells. siRNA-mediated knockdown of RGS2 in murine GMCs increased mUII-induced [Ca(2+)]i elevation and contraction by ∼35 and 31%, respectively. These findings indicate that mUII-induced SOCE results in murine GMC contraction. These data also suggest that UTR activation stimulates RGS2 recruitment to GMC plasma membrane as a negative feedback mechanism to regulate UTR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- ADEBOWALE ADEBIYI
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
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13
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Federico A, Zappavigna S, Romano M, Grieco P, Luce A, Marra M, Gravina AG, Stiuso P, D'Armiento FP, Vitale G, Tuccillo C, Novellino E, Loguercio C, Caraglia M. Urotensin-II receptor is over-expressed in colon cancer cell lines and in colon carcinoma in humans. Eur J Clin Invest 2014; 44:285-94. [PMID: 24372535 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urotensin (U)-II receptor (UTR) has been previously reported to be over-expressed in a number of tumours. Whether UTR-related pathway plays a role in colon carcinogenesis is unknown. METHODS We evaluated UTR protein and mRNA expression in human epithelial colon cancer cell lines and in normal colon tissue, adenomatous polyps and colon cancer. U-II protein expression was assessed in cancer cell lines. Moreover, we evaluated the effects of U-II(4-11) (an UTR agonist), antagonists and knockdown of UTR protein expression through a specific shRNA, on proliferation, invasion and motility of human colon cancer cells. RESULTS Cancer cell lines expressed U-II protein and UTR protein and mRNA. By immunohistochemistry, UTR was expressed in 5-30% of epithelial cells in 45 normal controls, in 30-48% in 21 adenomatous polyps and in 65-90% in 48 colon adenocarcinomas. UTR mRNA expression was increased by threefold in adenomatous polyps and eightfold in colon cancer, compared with normal colon. U-II(4-11) induced a 20-40% increase in cell growth while the blockade of the receptor with specific antagonists caused growth inhibition of 20-40%. Moreover, the knock down of UTR with a shRNA or the inhibition of UTR with the antagonist urantide induced an approximately 50% inhibition of both motility and invasion. CONCLUSIONS UTR appears to be involved in the regulation of colon cancer cell invasion and motility. These data suggest that UTR-related pathway may play a role in colon carcinogenesis and that UTR may function as a target for therapeutic intervention in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Federico
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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14
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Forty EJ, Ashton N. The urotensin system is up-regulated in the pre-hypertensive spontaneously hypertensive rat. PLoS One 2013; 8:e83317. [PMID: 24340095 PMCID: PMC3855556 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Urotensin II (UII) concentrations are raised both in humans with hypertension and in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Since the urotensin system acts to regulate glomerular filtration in the kidney it may play a greater role in the pre-hypertensive SHR in which renal dysfunction is known to precede the onset of severe hypertension. This study aimed to determine the renal actions and expression of the urotensin system in the young SHR. Intravenous rat UII (6 pmol. min-1. 100 g body weight-1) had no significant effect on GFR; however urotensin-related peptide (URP) reduced GFR (P<0.05) in 4-5 week old SHR. Administration of the UT antagonist SB-706375 evoked marked increases in GFR (baseline 0.38 ± 0.07 vs antagonist 0.76 ± 0.05 ml. min-1. 100 g body weight-1, P<0.05), urine flow and sodium excretion (baseline 2.5 ± 0.4 vs antagonist 9.1 ± 2.1 µmol. min-1. 100 g body weight-1, P<0.05) in the SHR. Normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats showed little response to UT antagonism. Quantitative RT-PCR showed that neither UII nor UT mRNA expression differed between the kidneys of young SHR and WKY rats; however expression of URP was 4-fold higher in the SHR kidney. Renal transcriptional up-regulation indicates that URP is the major UT ligand in young SHR and WKY rats. Enhanced tonic UT activation may contribute to known renal dysfunction in pre-hypertensive SHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen J. Forty
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Nick Ashton
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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15
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Brancaccio D, Limatola A, Campiglia P, Gomez-Monterrey I, Novellino E, Grieco P, Carotenuto A. Urantide Conformation and Interaction with the Urotensin-II Receptor. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2013; 347:185-92. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201300269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Revised: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Brancaccio
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Naples “Federico II”; Naples Italy
| | - Antonio Limatola
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Naples “Federico II”; Naples Italy
| | - Pietro Campiglia
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Salerno; Fisciano Salerno Italy
| | | | - Ettore Novellino
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Naples “Federico II”; Naples Italy
| | - Paolo Grieco
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Naples “Federico II”; Naples Italy
| | - Alfonso Carotenuto
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Naples “Federico II”; Naples Italy
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16
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Alexander SPH, Benson HE, Faccenda E, Pawson AJ, Sharman JL, Spedding M, Peters JA, Harmar AJ. The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2013/14: G protein-coupled receptors. Br J Pharmacol 2013; 170:1459-581. [PMID: 24517644 PMCID: PMC3892287 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 505] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2013/14 provides concise overviews of the key properties of over 2000 human drug targets with their pharmacology, plus links to an open access knowledgebase of drug targets and their ligands (www.guidetopharmacology.org), which provides more detailed views of target and ligand properties. The full contents can be found at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.12444/full. G protein-coupled receptors are one of the seven major pharmacological targets into which the Guide is divided, with the others being G protein-coupled receptors, ligand-gated ion channels, ion channels, catalytic receptors, nuclear hormone receptors, transporters and enzymes. These are presented with nomenclature guidance and summary information on the best available pharmacological tools, alongside key references and suggestions for further reading. A new landscape format has easy to use tables comparing related targets. It is a condensed version of material contemporary to late 2013, which is presented in greater detail and constantly updated on the website www.guidetopharmacology.org, superseding data presented in previous Guides to Receptors and Channels. It is produced in conjunction with NC-IUPHAR and provides the official IUPHAR classification and nomenclature for human drug targets, where appropriate. It consolidates information previously curated and displayed separately in IUPHAR-DB and the Guide to Receptors and Channels, providing a permanent, citable, point-in-time record that will survive database updates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen PH Alexander
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham Medical SchoolNottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Helen E Benson
- The University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of EdinburghEdinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Elena Faccenda
- The University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of EdinburghEdinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Adam J Pawson
- The University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of EdinburghEdinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Joanna L Sharman
- The University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of EdinburghEdinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | | | - John A Peters
- Neuroscience Division, Medical Education Institute, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of DundeeDundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Anthony J Harmar
- The University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of EdinburghEdinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
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17
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Urotensin II inhibits skeletal muscle glucose transport signaling pathways via the NADPH oxidase pathway. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76796. [PMID: 24116164 PMCID: PMC3792887 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies have demonstrated that the urotensin (UII) and its receptor are up-regulated in the skeletal muscle of mice with type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but the significance of UII in skeletal muscle insulin resistance remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of UII on NADPH oxidase and glucose transport signaling pathways in the skeletal muscle of mice with T2DM and in C2C12 mouse myotube cells. KK/upj-AY/J mice (KK) mice were divided into the following groups: KK group, with saline treatment for 2 weeks; KK+ urantide group, with daily 30 µg/kg body weight injections over the same time period of urantide, a potent urotensin II antagonist peptide; Non-diabetic C57BL/6J mice were used as normal controls. After urantide treatment, mice were subjected to an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test, in addition to measurements of the levels of ROS, NADPH oxidase and the phosphorylated AKT, PKC and ERK. C2C12 cells were incubated with serum-free DMEM for 24 hours before conducting the experiments, and then administrated with 100 nM UII for 2 hours or 24 hours. Urantide treatment improved glucose tolerance, decreased the translocation of the NADPH subunits p40-phox and p47-phox, and increased levels of the phosphorylated PKC, AKT and ERK. In contrast, UII treatment increased ROS production and p47-phox and p67-phox translocation, and decreased the phosphorylated AKT, ERK1/2 and p38MAPK; Apocynin abrogated this effect. In conclusion, UII increased ROS production by NADPH oxidase, leading to the inhibition of signaling pathways involving glucose transport, such as AKT/PKC/ERK. Our data imply a role for UII at the molecular level in glucose homeostasis, and possibly in skeletal muscle insulin resistance in T2DM.
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Chatenet D, Létourneau M, Nguyen QT, Doan ND, Dupuis J, Fournier A. Discovery of new antagonists aimed at discriminating UII and URP-mediated biological activities: insight into UII and URP receptor activation. Br J Pharmacol 2013; 168:807-21. [PMID: 22994258 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.02217.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2011] [Revised: 08/15/2012] [Accepted: 08/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Recent evidence suggested that urotensin II (UII) and its paralog peptide UII-related peptide (URP) might exert common but also divergent physiological actions. Unfortunately, none of the existing antagonists were designed to discriminate specific UII- or URP-associated actions, and our understanding, on how these two endogenous peptides can trigger different, but also common responses, is limited. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Ex vivo rat and monkey aortic ring contraction as well as dissociation kinetics studies using transfected CHO cells expressing the human urotensin (UT) receptors were used in this study. KEY RESULTS Ex vivo rat and monkey aortic ring contraction studies revealed the propensity of [Pep(4)]URP to decrease the maximal response of human UII (hUII) without any significant change in potency, whereas no effect was noticeable on the URP-induced vasoconstriction. Dissociation experiments demonstrated the ability of [Pep(4)]URP to increase the dissociation rate of hUII, but not URP. Surprisingly, URP, an equipotent UII paralog, was also able to accelerate the dissociation rate of membrane-bound (125)I-hUII, whereas hUII had no noticeable effect on URP dissociation kinetics. Further experiments suggested that an interaction between the glutamic residue at position 1 of hUII and the UT receptor seems to be critical to induce conformational changes associated with agonistic activation. Finally, we demonstrated that the N-terminal domain of the rat UII isoform was able to act as a specific antagonist of the URP-associated actions. CONCLUSION Such compounds, that is [Pep(4)]URP and rUII(1-7), should prove to be useful as new pharmacological tools to decipher the specific role of UII and URP in vitro but also in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Chatenet
- Laboratoire d'études moléculaires et pharmacologiques des peptides, Université du Québec, INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Ville de Laval, QC, Canada.
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Konno N, Fujii Y, Imae H, Kaiya H, Mukuda T, Miyazato M, Matsuda K, Uchiyama M. Urotensin II receptor (UTR) exists in hyaline chondrocytes: a study of peripheral distribution of UTR in the African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2013; 185:44-56. [PMID: 23399967 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Revised: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Urotensin II (UII) and UII-related peptide (URP) exhibit diverse physiological actions including vasoconstriction, locomotor activity, osmoregulation, and immune response through UII receptor (UTR), which is expressed in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues of fish and mammals. In amphibians, only UII has been identified. As the first step toward elucidating the actions of UII and URP in amphibians, we cloned and characterized URP and UTR from the African clawed frog Xenopus laevis. Functional analysis showed that treatment of UII or URP with Chinese hamster ovary cells transfected with the cloned receptor increased the intracellular calcium concentration in a concentration-dependent manner, whereas the administration of the UTR antagonist urantide inhibited UII- or URP-induced Ca(2+) mobilization. An immunohistochemical study showed that UTR was expressed in the splenocytes and leukocytes isolated from peripheral blood, suggesting that UII and URP are involved in the regulation of the immune system. UTR was also localized in the apical membrane of the distal tubule of the kidney and in the transitional epithelial cells of the urinary bladder. This result supports the view that the UII/URP-UTR system plays an important role in osmoregulation of amphibians. Interestingly, immunopositive labeling for UTR was first detected in the chondrocytes of various hyaline cartilages (the lung septa, interphalangeal joint and sternum). The expression of UTR was also observed in the costal cartilage, tracheal cartilages, and xiphoid process of the rat. These novel findings probably suggest that UII and URP mediate the formation of the cartilaginous matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norifumi Konno
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan.
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New insight into the binding mode of peptides at urotensin-II receptor by Trp-constrained analogues of P5U and urantide. J Pept Sci 2013; 19:293-300. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.2498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Urotensin-II Ligands: An Overview from Peptide to Nonpeptide Structures. JOURNAL OF AMINO ACIDS 2013; 2013:979016. [PMID: 23533711 PMCID: PMC3596952 DOI: 10.1155/2013/979016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2012] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Urotensin-II was originally isolated from the goby urophysis in the 1960s as a vasoactive peptide with a prominent role in cardiovascular homeostasis. The identification of human isoform of urotensin-II and its specific UT receptor by Ames et al. in 1999 led to investigating the putative role of the interaction U-II/UT receptor in multiple pathophysiological effects in humans. Since urotensin-II is widely expressed in several peripheral tissues including cardiovascular system, the design and development of novel urotensin-II analogues can improve knowledge about structure-activity relationships (SAR). In particular, since the modulation of the U-II system offers a great potential for therapeutic strategies related to the treatment of several diseases, like cardiovascular diseases, the research of selective and potent ligands at UT receptor is more fascinating. In this paper, we review the developments of peptide and nonpeptide U-II structures so far developed in order to contribute also to a more rational and detectable design and synthesis of new molecules with high affinity at the UT receptor.
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Romanova EV, Sasaki K, Alexeeva V, Vilim FS, Jing J, Richmond TA, Weiss KR, Sweedler JV. Urotensin II in invertebrates: from structure to function in Aplysia californica. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48764. [PMID: 23144960 PMCID: PMC3493602 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2012] [Accepted: 10/05/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptides are ancient signaling molecules that are involved in many aspects of organism homeostasis and function. Urotensin II (UII), a peptide with a range of hormonal functions, previously has been reported exclusively in vertebrates. Here, we provide the first direct evidence that UII-like peptides are also present in an invertebrate, specifically, the marine mollusk Aplysia californica. The presence of UII in the central nervous system (CNS) of Aplysia implies a more ancient gene lineage than vertebrates. Using representational difference analysis, we identified an mRNA of a protein precursor that encodes a predicted neuropeptide, we named Aplysia urotensin II (apUII), with a sequence and structural similarity to vertebrate UII. With in-situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, we mapped the expression of apUII mRNA and its prohormone in the CNS and localized apUII-like immunoreactivity to buccal sensory neurons and cerebral A-cluster neurons. Mass spectrometry performed on individual isolated neurons, and tandem mass spectrometry on fractionated peptide extracts, allowed us to define the posttranslational processing of the apUII neuropeptide precursor and confirm the highly conserved cyclic nature of the mature neuropeptide apUII. Electrophysiological analysis of the central effects of a synthetic apUII suggests it plays a role in satiety and/or aversive signaling in feeding behaviors. Finding the homologue of vertebrate UII in the numerically small CNS of an invertebrate animal model is important for gaining insights into the molecular mechanisms and pathways mediating the bioactivity of UII in the higher metazoan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena V. Romanova
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology and the Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Kosei Sasaki
- Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Vera Alexeeva
- Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Ferdinand S. Vilim
- Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jian Jing
- Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Timothy A. Richmond
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology and the Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Klaudiusz R. Weiss
- Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jonathan V. Sweedler
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology and the Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Urotensin-II: More Than a Mediator for Kidney. Int J Nephrol 2012; 2012:249790. [PMID: 23094156 PMCID: PMC3474241 DOI: 10.1155/2012/249790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2011] [Accepted: 09/06/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human urotensin-II (hU-II) is one of the most potent vasoconstrictors in mammals. Although both hU-II and its receptor, GPR14, are detected in several tissues, kidney is a major source of U-II in humans. Recent studies suggest that U-II may have a possible autocrine/paracrine functions in kidney and may be an important target molecule in studying renal pathophysiology. It has several effects on tubular transport and probably has active role in renal hemodynamics. Although it is an important peptide in renal physiology, certain diseases, such as hypertension and glomerulonephritis, may alter the expression of U-II. As might be expected, oxidative stress, mediators, and inflammation are like a devil's triangle in kidney diseases, mostly they induce each other. Since there is a complex relationship between U-II and oxidative stress, and other mediators, such as transforming growth factor β1 and angiotensin II, U-II is more than a mediator in glomerular diseases. Although it is an ancient peptide, known for 31 years, it looks like that U-II will continue to give new messages as well as raising more questions as research on it increases. In this paper, we mainly discuss the possible role of U-II on renal physiology and its effect on kidney diseases.
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Zhou CH, Wan YY, Chu XH, Song Z, Xing SH, Wu YQ, Yin XX. Urotensin II contributes to the formation of lung adenocarcinoma inflammatory microenvironment through the NF-κB pathway in tumor-bearing nude mice. Oncol Lett 2012; 4:1259-1263. [PMID: 23226801 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2012.932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Accepted: 09/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Urotensin II (UII), a somatostatin-like cyclic peptide, was originally isolated from the fish urophysis. Our previous study showed that UII stimulates the proliferation of A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells and promotes tumor growth in a nude mouse xenograft model, suggesting that UII may contribute to the pathogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma. In this study, the underlying mechanism for UII to promote lung adenocarcinoma growth was explored by observing the effect of UII on the tumor inflammatory microenvironment in tumor-bearing nude mice. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that UII promoted the infiltration of CD68(+) tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the tumor micro-environment. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) demonstrated that UII promoted the release of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). Western blot analysis showed that UII promoted the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). These findings suggest that the enhanced levels of IL-6, TNF-α and MMP-9 in the tumor microenvironment, which likely resulted from increased activation of NF-κB induced by UII, may be one of the important mechanisms by which UII promotes lung adenocarcinoma growth. These findings imply that antagonists of UII or urotensin II-receptor (UT-R) have potential for the prevention and treatment of lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hua Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004
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25
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Doan ND, Nguyen TTM, Létourneau M, Turcotte K, Fournier A, Chatenet D. Biochemical and pharmacological characterization of nuclear urotensin-II binding sites in rat heart. Br J Pharmacol 2012; 166:243-57. [PMID: 22044114 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01710.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE During the past decade, a few GPCRs have been characterized at the nuclear membrane where they exert complementary physiological functions. In this study, we investigated (1) the presence of a functional urotensin-II (U-II) receptor (UT) in rat heart nuclear extracts and (2) the propensity of U-II and U-II-related peptide (URP) to cross the plasma membrane in a receptor-independent manner. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Biochemical and pharmacological methods including competitive binding assays, photoaffinity labelling, immunoblotting as well as de novo RNA synthesis were used to characterize the presence of functional UT receptors in rat heart nuclei. In addition, confocal microscopy and flow cytometry analysis were used to investigate the cellular uptake of fluorescent U-II and URP derivatives. KEY RESULTS The presence of specific U-II binding sites was demonstrated in rat heart nuclear extracts. Moreover, such subcellular localization was also observed in monkey heart extracts. In vitro transcription initiation assays on rat, freshly isolated, heart nuclei suggested that nuclear UT receptors are functional, and that U-II, but not URP, participates in nuclear UT-associated gene expression. Surprisingly, hU-II and URP efficiently crossed the plasma membrane in a receptor-independent mechanism involving endocytosis through caveolin-coated pits; this uptake of hU-II, but not that of URP, was dependent on extracellular pH. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that (1) U-II and URP can differentially modulate nuclear UT functions such as gene expression, and (2) both ligands can reach the internal cellular space through a receptor-independent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- N D Doan
- Université du Québec, INRS - Institut Armand-Frappier, Ville de Laval, QC, Canada
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Desrues L, Lefebvre T, Lecointre C, Schouft MT, Leprince J, Compère V, Morin F, Proust F, Gandolfo P, Tonon MC, Castel H. Down-regulation of GABA(A) receptor via promiscuity with the vasoactive peptide urotensin II receptor. Potential involvement in astrocyte plasticity. PLoS One 2012; 7:e36319. [PMID: 22563490 PMCID: PMC3341351 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2011] [Accepted: 04/02/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
GABAA receptor (GABAAR) expression level is inversely correlated with the proliferation rate of astrocytes after stroke or during malignancy of astrocytoma, leading to the hypothesis that GABAAR expression/activation may work as a cell proliferation repressor. A number of vasoactive peptides exhibit the potential to modulate astrocyte proliferation, and the question whether these mechanisms may imply alteration in GABAAR-mediated functions and/or plasma membrane densities is open. The peptide urotensin II (UII) activates a G protein-coupled receptor named UT, and mediates potent vasoconstriction or vasodilation in mammalian vasculature. We have previously demonstrated that UII activates a PLC/PIPs/Ca2+ transduction pathway, via both Gq and Gi/o proteins and stimulates astrocyte proliferation in culture. It was also shown that UT/Gq/IP3 coupling is regulated by the GABAAR in rat cultured astrocytes. Here we report that UT and GABAAR are co-expressed in cerebellar glial cells from rat brain slices, in human native astrocytes and in glioma cell line, and that UII inhibited the GABAergic activity in rat cultured astrocytes. In CHO cell line co-expressing human UT and combinations of GABAAR subunits, UII markedly depressed the GABA current (β3γ2>α2β3γ2>α2β1γ2). This effect, characterized by a fast short-term inhibition followed by drastic and irreversible run-down, is not relayed by G proteins. The run-down partially involves Ca2+ and phosphorylation processes, requires dynamin, and results from GABAAR internalization. Thus, activation of the vasoactive G protein-coupled receptor UT triggers functional inhibition and endocytosis of GABAAR in CHO and human astrocytes, via its receptor C-terminus. This UII-induced disappearance of the repressor activity of GABAAR, may play a key role in the initiation of astrocyte proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Desrues
- Inserm U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Communication and Differentiation, Astrocyte and Vascular Niche, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- Institute of Research and Biomedical Innovation (IRIB), Normandy University PRES, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Thomas Lefebvre
- Inserm U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Communication and Differentiation, Astrocyte and Vascular Niche, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- Institute of Research and Biomedical Innovation (IRIB), Normandy University PRES, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Céline Lecointre
- Inserm U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Communication and Differentiation, Astrocyte and Vascular Niche, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- Institute of Research and Biomedical Innovation (IRIB), Normandy University PRES, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Marie-Thérèse Schouft
- Inserm U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Communication and Differentiation, Astrocyte and Vascular Niche, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- Institute of Research and Biomedical Innovation (IRIB), Normandy University PRES, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Jérôme Leprince
- Inserm U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Communication and Differentiation, Astrocyte and Vascular Niche, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- Institute of Research and Biomedical Innovation (IRIB), Normandy University PRES, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Vincent Compère
- Inserm U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Communication and Differentiation, Astrocyte and Vascular Niche, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- Institute of Research and Biomedical Innovation (IRIB), Normandy University PRES, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Fabrice Morin
- Inserm U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Communication and Differentiation, Astrocyte and Vascular Niche, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- Institute of Research and Biomedical Innovation (IRIB), Normandy University PRES, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - François Proust
- Inserm U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Communication and Differentiation, Astrocyte and Vascular Niche, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- Institute of Research and Biomedical Innovation (IRIB), Normandy University PRES, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Pierrick Gandolfo
- Inserm U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Communication and Differentiation, Astrocyte and Vascular Niche, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- Institute of Research and Biomedical Innovation (IRIB), Normandy University PRES, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Marie-Christine Tonon
- Inserm U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Communication and Differentiation, Astrocyte and Vascular Niche, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- Institute of Research and Biomedical Innovation (IRIB), Normandy University PRES, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Hélène Castel
- Inserm U982, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Communication and Differentiation, Astrocyte and Vascular Niche, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- Institute of Research and Biomedical Innovation (IRIB), Normandy University PRES, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- * E-mail:
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Zhang JY, Chen ZW, Yao H. Protective effect of urantide against ischemia-reperfusion injury via protein kinase C and phosphtidylinositol 3'-kinase - Akt pathway. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2012; 90:637-45. [PMID: 22537485 DOI: 10.1139/y2012-048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Urantide is the most potent UT receptor antagonist compound found to date. Our previous studies have shown that it has cardioprotective effect against ischemia-reperfusion injury. However, it is unclear which signal transduction pathways are involved in the urantide-induced cardioprotective effect. This study was designed to investigate whether the effect of urantide on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats via the protein kinase C (PKC) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt signaling pathway. The results showed that urantide at 10 and 30 µg/kg markedly inhibited the increases in serum creatine kinase fraction and lactate dehydrogenase activities and the level of cardiac troponin I, reduced the ratio of myocardial infarct size to area at risk. Urantide significantly decreased the histological damage to the myocardium and modified the ultrastructural damage in cardiac myocytes. In the presence of chelerythrine (an inhibitor of PKC, 1 mg/kg) or LY294002 (an inhibitor of PI3K-Akt, 0.3 mg/kg), the protective effect of urantide was almost completely abolished. Urantide (30 µg/kg) markedly enhanced the expression of p-Akt protein during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, and this enhancement was significantly attenuated by LY294002. Therefore, our results demonstrate that urantide has a potent protective effect against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats that may be involved with the PKC and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Yan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
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Abstract
Urotensin II (UII), a peptide hormone which influences glomerular filtration rate and urine concentration, and its receptor, UT, are expressed in the adult rat kidney. The ability of the kidney to reabsorb sodium and water starts to develop in utero and matures during early postnatal life in the rat, yet little is known about the ontogeny of the renal UII system. This study mapped renal expression of the urotensin system during the fetal and postnatal periods and determined renal activity of UII in the immature rat. Urotensin II peptide and mRNA were present in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat metanephroi from the earliest stage examined, embyonic day 19 (E19; rat gestation 22 days); levels increased to peak at 4 weeks of age. In contrast, UT protein and mRNA expression declined rapidly between E19 and birth and remained at a similar level postnatally. Infusion of rat UII [6-60 pmol min(-1) (100 g body weight)(-1)] or rat urotensin-related peptide [6 pmol min(-1) (100 g body weight)(-1)] in anaesthetized 4-week-old SD rats had no influence on measured renal parameters; however, infusion of UT antagonist, SB-706375 (0.01 mg kg(-1) min(-1)), provoked a pronounced diuresis [vehicle 23.5 ± 1.9 versus antagonist 75.3 ± 12.5 μl min(-1) (100 g body weight)(-1); P < 0.001] and natriuresis, accompanied by modest increases in effective renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate [vehicle 0.4 ± 0.1 versus antagonist 1.1 ± 0.2 ml min(-1) (100 g body weight)(-1); P < 0.0001] and a significant increase in fractional sodium excretion. These results indicate that the endogenous rat UII system may influence renal sodium and water excretion before the onset of full urine concentrating capacity in the SD rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen J Forty
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, 3.614 Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
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Chatenet D, Nguyen TTM, Létourneau M, Fournier A. Update on the urotensinergic system: new trends in receptor localization, activation, and drug design. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2012; 3:174. [PMID: 23293631 PMCID: PMC3533682 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2012.00174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The urotensinergic system plays central roles in the physiological regulation of major mammalian organ systems, including the cardiovascular system. As a matter of fact, this system has been linked to numerous pathophysiological states including atherosclerosis, heart failure, hypertension, diabetes as well as psychological, and neurological disorders. The delineation of the (patho)physiological roles of the urotensinergic system has been hampered by the absence of potent and selective antagonists for the urotensin II-receptor (UT). Thus, a more precise definition of the molecular functioning of the urotensinergic system, in normal conditions as well as in a pathological state is still critically needed. The recent discovery of nuclear UT within cardiomyocytes has highlighted the cellular complexity of this system and suggested that UT-associated biological responses are not only initiated at the cell surface but may result from the integration of extracellular and intracellular signaling pathways. Thus, such nuclear-localized receptors, regulating distinct signaling pathways, may represent new therapeutic targets. With the recent observation that urotensin II (UII) and urotensin II-related peptide (URP) exert different biological effects and the postulate that they could also have distinct pathophysiological roles in hypertension, it appears crucial to reassess the recognition process involving UII and URP with UT, and to push forward the development of new analogs of the UT system aimed at discriminating UII- and URP-mediated biological activities. The recent development of such compounds, i.e. urocontrin A and rUII(1-7), is certainly useful to decipher the specific roles of UII and URP in vitro and in vivo. Altogether, these studies, which provide important information regarding the pharmacology of the urotensinergic system and the conformational requirements for binding and activation, will ultimately lead to the development of potent and selective drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Chatenet
- Laboratoire d'études moléculaires et pharmacologiques des peptides, INRS – Institut Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, Ville de LavalQC, Canada
- Laboratoire International Associé Samuel de Champlain (INSERM/INRS-Université de Rouen)France
- *Correspondence: David Chatenet and Alain Fournier, Laboratoire d'études moléculaires et pharmacologiques des peptides, INRS – Institut Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Ville de Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada. e-mail: ;
| | - Thi-Tuyet M. Nguyen
- Laboratoire d'études moléculaires et pharmacologiques des peptides, INRS – Institut Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, Ville de LavalQC, Canada
- Laboratoire International Associé Samuel de Champlain (INSERM/INRS-Université de Rouen)France
| | - Myriam Létourneau
- Laboratoire d'études moléculaires et pharmacologiques des peptides, INRS – Institut Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, Ville de LavalQC, Canada
- Laboratoire International Associé Samuel de Champlain (INSERM/INRS-Université de Rouen)France
| | - Alain Fournier
- Laboratoire d'études moléculaires et pharmacologiques des peptides, INRS – Institut Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, Ville de LavalQC, Canada
- Laboratoire International Associé Samuel de Champlain (INSERM/INRS-Université de Rouen)France
- *Correspondence: David Chatenet and Alain Fournier, Laboratoire d'études moléculaires et pharmacologiques des peptides, INRS – Institut Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Ville de Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada. e-mail: ;
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PEHLIVAN YAVUZ, GOGEBAKAN BULENT, OZTUZCU SERDAR, OZGEN METIN, CETIN GÖZDEYILDIRIM, BAYRAKTAR RECEP, CENGIZ BEYHAN, KISACIK BUNYAMIN, KOCA SULEYMANSERDAR, DONMEZ SALIM, SAYARLIOGLU MEHMET, DEMIRYUREK ABDULLAHT, ONAT AHMETMESUT. Association Between Thr21Met and Ser89Asn Polymorphisms of the Urotensin II Gene and Systemic Sclerosis. J Rheumatol 2011; 39:106-11. [DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.110509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Objective.Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune chronic fibrotic disorder. Urotensin II (U-II) is predominantly a vasoactive peptide with fibrotic and prothrombotic features. Like endothelin-1 (ET-1), U-II could play an important role in SSc pathogenesis. We evaluated the possible role of the U-II gene polymorphisms (Thr21Met and Ser89Asn) in the genetic susceptibility to SSc in a Turkish population.Methods.A total of 189 patients with SSc and 205 healthy controls were enrolled in our study. We analyzed the genotype and allele frequencies of the U-II (UTS2) gene polymorphisms Thr21Met and Ser89Asn in patients with SSc and in controls.Results.We found that the Thr21Met polymorphism of the UTS2 gene was markedly associated with the risk of developing SSc (p < 0.0001), but there was no relationship between the Ser89Asn polymorphism and SSc (p > 0.05). Two haplotypes (MS and TS) were markedly associated with SSc (p < 0.05). There were significant associations between the genotype and allele frequencies of UTS2 gene Thr21Met polymorphism and cases with diffuse or limited SSc, systemic or lung involvement, finger flexion deformity, pitting scars at the fingertips, positive anticentromere, or positive antitopoisomerase 1 antibody groups.Conclusion.Our study shows the association between Thr21Met, but not Ser89Asn, in the UTS2 gene and SSc. The results strongly suggest that this single-nucleotide polymorphism may be an important risk factor in the development of SSc, and a powerful indicator of severe skin and lung involvement in patients with SSc.
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Tsoukas P, Kane E, Giaid A. Potential Clinical Implications of the Urotensin II Receptor Antagonists. Front Pharmacol 2011; 2:38. [PMID: 21811463 PMCID: PMC3143724 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2011.00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2010] [Accepted: 07/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Urotensin II (UII) binds to its receptor, UT, playing an important role in the heart, kidneys, pancreas, adrenal gland, and central nervous system. In the vasculature, it acts as a potent endothelium-independent vasoconstrictor and endothelium-dependent vasodilator. In disease states, however, this constriction–dilation equilibrium is disrupted. There is an upregulation of the UII system in heart disease, metabolic syndrome, and kidney failure. The increase in UII release and UT expression suggest that UII system may be implicated in the pathology and pathogenesis of these diseases by causing an increase in acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase-1 (ACAT-1) activity leading to smooth muscle cell proliferation and foam cell infiltration, insulin resistance (DMII), as well as inflammation, high blood pressure, and plaque formation. Recently, UT antagonists such as SB-611812, palosuran, and most recently a piperazino-isoindolinone based antagonist have been developed in the hope of better understanding the UII system and treating its associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Tsoukas
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center Montreal, QC, Canada
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Mei Y, Jin H, Tian W, Wang H, Wang H, Zhao Y, Zhang Z, Meng F. Urantide alleviates monocrotaline induced pulmonary arterial hypertension in Wistar rats. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2011; 24:386-93. [PMID: 21396478 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2011.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2010] [Revised: 02/06/2011] [Accepted: 03/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a serious disorder with poor prognosis. Urotensin II (UII) has been confirmed to be powerful vasoconstrictor than endothelin-1, which may play an important role in PAH development. The aim of this study is to observe the effects of urantide, a UII receptor antagonist, on monocrotaline (MCT) induced PAH in rats. 60 male Wistar rats were divided into six groups. For early treatment experiment, rats were divided into normal control group, MCT(4w) model group (MCT + saline × 3 wks from the 8th day of MCT injection) and urantide early treatment group (MCT + urantide 10 μg/kg/d × 3 wks, 1 week after MCT injection once). For late treatment experiment, rats were divided as controls, MCT(6w) model group (MCT + saline × 2 wks, 4 weeks after MCT injection once) and urantide late treatment group (MCT + urantide 10 μg/kg/d × 2 wks, 4 weeks after MCT injection once). At the end of experiments, mean pulmonary arterial pressures (mPAP) and mean blood pressure (MBP) of rats in each group were measured by catheterization. Right ventricular weight ratio was also weighed. Relaxation effects of urantide on intralobar pulmonary arterial rings of normal control and MCT(4w) model rats were investigated. Pulmonary artery remodeling was detected by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemistry analysis. Serum nitric oxide (NO) levels in all six groups were assayed by ELISA kits. Urantide markedly reduced the mPAP levels of MCT induced PAH in both early and late treatment groups. It didn't change the MBP. Urantide dose-dependently relaxed the pulmonary arterial rings of normal control and MCT(4w) model rats. Moreover, N(G)-Nitro-l-arginine Methyl Ester (l-NAME) blocked the dilation response induced by urantide. In addition, urantide inhibited the pulmonary vascular remodeling remarkably. Serum NO level elevated in both early and late treatment rats with urantide infusion. These results suggest that urantide effectively alleviated MCT induced rats PAH may through relaxing pulmonary arteries and inhibiting pulmonary vascular remodeling. NO pathway might be one of the mechanisms in urantide induced pulmonary artery dilation. Thus, it is expected that urantide may be a novel therapy for PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifang Mei
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 You Zheng St., Nan Gang District, Harbin 150001, China.
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Bruzzone F, Cervetto C, Mazzotta M, Bianchini P, Ronzitti E, Leprince J, Diaspro A, Maura G, Vallarino M, Vaudry H, Marcoli M. Urotensin II receptor and acetylcholine release from mouse cervical spinal cord nerve terminals. Neuroscience 2010; 170:67-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2010] [Revised: 06/16/2010] [Accepted: 06/25/2010] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Vaudry H, Do Rego JC, Le Mevel JC, Chatenet D, Tostivint H, Fournier A, Tonon MC, Pelletier G, Conlon JM, Leprince J. Urotensin II, from fish to human. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2010; 1200:53-66. [PMID: 20633133 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05514.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The cyclic peptide urotensin II (UII) was originally isolated from the urophysis of teleost fish on the basis of its ability to contract intestinal smooth muscle. The UII peptide has subsequently been isolated from frog brain and, later on, the pre-proUII cDNA has been characterized in mammals, including humans. A UII paralog called urotensin II-related peptide (URP) has been identified in the rat brain. The UII and URP genes originate from the same ancestral gene as the somatostatin and cortistatin genes. In the central nervous system (CNS) of tetrapods, UII is expressed primarily in motoneurons of the brainstem and spinal cord. The biological actions of UII and URP are mediated through a G protein-coupled receptor, termed UT, that exhibits high sequence similarity with the somatostatin receptors. The UT gene is widely expressed in the CNS and in peripheral organs. Consistent with the broad distribution of UT, UII and URP exert a large array of behavioral effects and regulate endocrine, cardiovascular, renal, and immune functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hubert Vaudry
- Laboratory of Cellular Neuroendocrinology, INSERM U413, European Institute for Peptide Research (IFRMP 23), University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France.
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Cheriyan J, Burton TJ, Bradley TJ, Wallace SML, Mäki-Petäjä KM, Mackenzie IS, McEniery CM, Brown J, Wilkinson IB. The effects of urotensin II and urantide on forearm blood flow and systemic haemodynamics in humans. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2010; 68:518-23. [PMID: 19843055 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2009.03475.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS (i) To compare the effects of intra-arterial administration of urotensin II in patients with CVD with healthy volunteers, and (ii) to study the haemodynamic effects of intra-arterial infusion of the urotensin II receptor antagonist, urantide. METHODS Ten healthy volunteers and 10 patients with CVD received a dose-ramped brachial artery infusion of urotensin II. A further six healthy male volunteers received a prolonged urotensin II infusion and 11 healthy male volunteers received a dose-ramped infusion of urantide. Forearm blood flow (FBF) was measured every 20 min and blood pressure and heart rate were assessed every 20 min. RESULTS In healthy volunteers and patients with CVD, intra-arterial infusion of urotensin II had no effect on FBF ratio. A dose-ramped infusion of urantide similarly had no effect on FBF ratio. During dose-ramped infusions of urotensin II and urantide, systolic and mean arterial blood pressure increased significantly. In healthy volunteers, urotensin II and urantide, respectively, increased systolic blood pressure from 133 +/- 6 to 137 +/- 5 mmHg (P < 0.01) and from 113 +/- 4 to 120 +/- 4 mmHg (P < 0.01). In patients with CVD, heart rate also significantly increased during dose-ramped infusion of urotensin II from 59 +/- 3 to 62 +/- 4 bpm (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS We have shown no in vivo effect of urotensin II or urantide on human forearm resistance vessels. Previous discrepancies do not seem to relate to either the age or CVD status of subjects. Changes in systemic cardiovascular haemodynamics during the dose-ramped infusion studies are unlikely to be caused by urotensin II receptor modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Cheriyan
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, UK
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The vasoactive peptides urotensin II and urotensin II-related peptide regulate astrocyte activity through common and distinct mechanisms: involvement in cell proliferation. Biochem J 2010; 428:113-24. [DOI: 10.1042/bj20090867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
UII (urotensin II) and its paralogue URP (UII-related peptide) are two vasoactive neuropeptides whose respective central actions are currently unknown. In the present study, we have compared the mechanism of action of URP and UII on cultured astrocytes. Competition experiments performed with [125I]UII showed the presence of very-high- and high-affinity binding sites for UII, and a single high-affinity site for URP. Both UII and URP provoked a membrane depolarization accompanied by a decrease in input resistance, stimulated the release of endozepines, neuropeptides specifically produced by astroglial cells, and generated an increase in [Ca2+]c (cytosolic Ca2+ concentration). The UII/URP-induced [Ca2+]c elevation was PTX (pertussis toxin)-insensitive, and was blocked by the PLC (phospholipase C) inhibitor U73122 or the InsP3 channel blocker 2-APB (2-aminoethoxydiphenylborane). The addition of the Ca2+ chelator EGTA reduced the peak and abolished the plateau phase, whereas the T-type Ca2+ channel blocker mibefradil totally inhibited the Ca2+ response evoked by both peptides. However, URP and UII induced a mono- and bi-phasic dose-dependent increase in [Ca2+]c and provoked short- and long-lasting Ca2+ mobilization respectively. Similar mono- and bi-phasic dose-dependent increases in [3H]inositol incorporation into polyphosphoinositides in astrocytes was obtained, but the effect of UII was significantly reduced by PTX, although BRET (bioluminescence resonance energy transfer) experiments revealed that both UII and URP recruited Gαo-protein. Finally, UII, but not URP, exerted a dose-dependent mitogenic activity on astrocytes. Therefore we described that URP and UII exert not only similar, but also divergent actions on astrocyte activity, with UII exhibiting a broader range of activities at physiological peptide concentrations.
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Human urotensin II in internal mammary and radial arteries of patients undergoing coronary surgery. Vascul Pharmacol 2010; 52:70-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2009.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2009] [Revised: 10/16/2009] [Accepted: 11/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Chen YH, Yandle TG, Richards AM, Palmer SC. Urotensin II immunoreactivity in the human circulation: evidence for widespread tissue release. Clin Chem 2009; 55:2040-8. [PMID: 19797715 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2009.131748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sources of secretion and clearance of plasma urotensin II (UII) in the human circulation remain uncertain and may be relevant to understanding the role of UII in human physiology and cardiovascular disease. METHODS In 94 subjects undergoing clinically indicated cardiac catheterization, we collected blood samples from arterial and multiple venous sites to measure transorgan gradients of plasma UII immunoreactivity. RESULTS Net UII release occurred (in descending order of proportional transorgan gradient) across the heart, kidney, head and neck, liver, lower limb, and pulmonary circulations (P < 0.01). Although no specific clearance site was localized, the absence of an overall subdiaphragmatic aorto-caval peptide gradient indicated that there were lower body segment sites of UII clearance as well as secretion. The proportional increase in UII immunoreactivity was significantly correlated across all sites of net peptide release within an individual (P < or = 0.05). In univariate analyses, mixed venous UII concentrations were correlated with diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome and femoral artery oxygen tension and inversely with systolic blood pressure and body mass index. Diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome and body mass index were independent predictors of mixed venous UII immunoreactivity in multivariate analysis. No correlates of net cardiac UII release were identified. CONCLUSIONS UII is secreted from the heart and multiple other tissues into the circulation. Related increments in UII immunoreactivity across multiple tissue sites suggest that peptide release occurs via a shared mechanism. Increased UII immunoreactivity is observed in subjects with acute coronary syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Hsing Chen
- Christchurch Cardioendocrine Research Group, Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
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Lawson EC, Luci DK, Ghosh S, Kinney WA, Reynolds CH, Qi J, Smith CE, Wang Y, Minor LK, Haertlein BJ, Parry TJ, Damiano BP, Maryanoff BE. Nonpeptide Urotensin-II Receptor Antagonists: A New Ligand Class Based on Piperazino-Phthalimide and Piperazino-Isoindolinone Subunits. J Med Chem 2009; 52:7432-45. [PMID: 19731961 DOI: 10.1021/jm900683d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Edward C. Lawson
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Welsh & McKean Roads, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477-0776
| | - Diane K. Luci
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Welsh & McKean Roads, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477-0776
| | - Shyamali Ghosh
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Welsh & McKean Roads, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477-0776
| | - William A. Kinney
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Welsh & McKean Roads, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477-0776
| | - Charles H. Reynolds
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Welsh & McKean Roads, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477-0776
| | - Jenson Qi
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Welsh & McKean Roads, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477-0776
| | - Charles E. Smith
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Welsh & McKean Roads, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477-0776
| | - Yuanping Wang
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Welsh & McKean Roads, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477-0776
| | - Lisa K. Minor
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Welsh & McKean Roads, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477-0776
| | - Barbara J. Haertlein
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Welsh & McKean Roads, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477-0776
| | - Tom J. Parry
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Welsh & McKean Roads, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477-0776
| | - Bruce P. Damiano
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Welsh & McKean Roads, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477-0776
| | - Bruce E. Maryanoff
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Welsh & McKean Roads, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477-0776
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Grieco P, Carotenuto A, Campiglia P, Gomez-Monterrey I, Auriemma L, Sala M, Marcozzi C, d’Emmanuele di Villa Bianca R, Brancaccio D, Rovero P, Santicioli P, Meini S, Maggi CA, Novellino E. New Insight into the Binding Mode of Peptide Ligands at Urotensin-II Receptor: Structure−Activity Relationships Study on P5U and Urantide. J Med Chem 2009; 52:3927-40. [DOI: 10.1021/jm900148c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Grieco
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Chimica e Biologia dei Peptidi e Proteine, Department di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy, Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Department of Pharmacology, Menarini Ricerche, Via Rismpondo 12/A, I-50131 Florence, Italy,
| | - Alfonso Carotenuto
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Chimica e Biologia dei Peptidi e Proteine, Department di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy, Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Department of Pharmacology, Menarini Ricerche, Via Rismpondo 12/A, I-50131 Florence, Italy,
| | - Pietro Campiglia
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Chimica e Biologia dei Peptidi e Proteine, Department di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy, Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Department of Pharmacology, Menarini Ricerche, Via Rismpondo 12/A, I-50131 Florence, Italy,
| | - Isabel Gomez-Monterrey
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Chimica e Biologia dei Peptidi e Proteine, Department di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy, Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Department of Pharmacology, Menarini Ricerche, Via Rismpondo 12/A, I-50131 Florence, Italy,
| | - Luigia Auriemma
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Chimica e Biologia dei Peptidi e Proteine, Department di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy, Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Department of Pharmacology, Menarini Ricerche, Via Rismpondo 12/A, I-50131 Florence, Italy,
| | - Marina Sala
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Chimica e Biologia dei Peptidi e Proteine, Department di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy, Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Department of Pharmacology, Menarini Ricerche, Via Rismpondo 12/A, I-50131 Florence, Italy,
| | - Cristina Marcozzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Chimica e Biologia dei Peptidi e Proteine, Department di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy, Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Department of Pharmacology, Menarini Ricerche, Via Rismpondo 12/A, I-50131 Florence, Italy,
| | - Roberta d’Emmanuele di Villa Bianca
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Chimica e Biologia dei Peptidi e Proteine, Department di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy, Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Department of Pharmacology, Menarini Ricerche, Via Rismpondo 12/A, I-50131 Florence, Italy,
| | - Diego Brancaccio
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Chimica e Biologia dei Peptidi e Proteine, Department di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy, Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Department of Pharmacology, Menarini Ricerche, Via Rismpondo 12/A, I-50131 Florence, Italy,
| | - Paolo Rovero
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Chimica e Biologia dei Peptidi e Proteine, Department di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy, Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Department of Pharmacology, Menarini Ricerche, Via Rismpondo 12/A, I-50131 Florence, Italy,
| | - Paolo Santicioli
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Chimica e Biologia dei Peptidi e Proteine, Department di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy, Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Department of Pharmacology, Menarini Ricerche, Via Rismpondo 12/A, I-50131 Florence, Italy,
| | - Stefania Meini
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Chimica e Biologia dei Peptidi e Proteine, Department di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy, Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Department of Pharmacology, Menarini Ricerche, Via Rismpondo 12/A, I-50131 Florence, Italy,
| | - Carlo A. Maggi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Chimica e Biologia dei Peptidi e Proteine, Department di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy, Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Department of Pharmacology, Menarini Ricerche, Via Rismpondo 12/A, I-50131 Florence, Italy,
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Chimica e Biologia dei Peptidi e Proteine, Department di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy, Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy, Department of Pharmacology, Menarini Ricerche, Via Rismpondo 12/A, I-50131 Florence, Italy,
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Elevated expression of urotensin II and its receptor in skeletal muscle of diabetic mouse. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 154:85-90. [PMID: 19323985 DOI: 10.1016/j.regpep.2009.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2008] [Revised: 12/11/2008] [Accepted: 01/13/2009] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Urotensin II (UII) is a somatostatin-like peptide recently identified to be involved in metabolic regulation and to play a significant role in diabetes and its complications. In the present study, we investigated the expression of UII and its receptor UT in the soleus muscle of male diabetic KK/upj-AY/J mice (2DM group) and the effects of UII on glucose uptake by the skeletal muscle to explore the role of skeletal muscle-derived UII in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and diabetes. Radioimmunoassay, RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and radio-ligand binding assay were used in this study. Compared with C57BL/6J mice (control group), 2DM mice showed increased UII content, by 34.0% in plasma, 15.4% in skeletal muscle tissue and 30.6% in medium containing UII from muscle (all P<0.05 or P<0.01). UII protein and UT mRNA expression were significantly enhanced in the skeletal muscle of 2DM mice. On [(125)I]UII binding to muscle sarcolemma, UT binding exhibited a saturable single-component characteristic in a specific and time-dependent manner. Scatchard plot analysis showed higher maximal number of specific binding sites (Bmax) in skeletal muscle, by 42.9% (P<0.01), and a lower dissociation constant (Kd), by 26.4% (P<0.01), in the 2DM group than in controls. On in vitro tissue pre-incubation with UII (10(-9), 10(-8) and 10(-7) mol/L), the insulin-stimulated [(3)H]-2-DG uptake by split soleus muscle was lower, by 9.5%, 33.4% and 39.7% (all P<0.01), respectively, than without UII incubation. UII/UT upregulated in skeletal muscle of 2DM mice suggests that UII derived from skeletal muscle might induce the pathogenesis of skeletal muscle insulin resistance as an autocrine factor.
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Silvestre RA, Egido EM, Hernández R, Marco J. Characterization of the insulinostatic effect of urotensin II: a study in the perfused rat pancreas. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 153:37-42. [PMID: 19101596 DOI: 10.1016/j.regpep.2008.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2008] [Revised: 08/04/2008] [Accepted: 11/27/2008] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We have investigated the effect of urotensin II (UII) on insulin secretion at normal and high glucose concentrations as well as induced by secretagogues acting on the B cell via different mechanisms. The study was performed in the perfused rat pancreas. UII, at 1 nM, blocked the insulin response to an increase in perfusate glucose concentration from 5.5 to 9 mM while failed to significantly modify insulin secretion at higher glucose levels (from 9 to 13 mM). The insulinotropic effect of this glucose challenge was reduced by 10 nM UII. UII, at 1 nM, inhibited tolbutamide-induced insulin secretion, whereas, it did not affect KCl-induced insulin release. UII inhibited exendin-4-induced insulin secretion, an effect not observed in pertussis toxin-treated rats. CONCLUSION 1) B cells are less sensitive to UII at a high glucose level than at a low glucose. 2) The inhibitory effect of UII on both glucose and tolbutamide-induced insulin release, suggests the implication of ATP-dependent K(+) channels. The insulinostatic effect of UII was not observed during KCl stimulation, a condition in which these channels are overridden. 3) The insulinostatic effect of UII can also be mediated by its inhibitory action on the adenylate cyclase/cAMP system via a pertussis toxin-sensitive G(i) protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona A Silvestre
- Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro and Department of Physiology, Medical School, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, San Martín de Porres 4, 28035 Madrid, Spain.
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Dubessy C, Cartier D, Lectez B, Bucharles C, Chartrel N, Montero-Hadjadje M, Bizet P, Chatenet D, Tostivint H, Scalbert E, Leprince J, Vaudry H, Jégou S, Lihrmann I. Characterization of urotensin II, distribution of urotensin II, urotensin II-related peptide and UT receptor mRNAs in mouse: evidence of urotensin II at the neuromuscular junction. J Neurochem 2008; 107:361-74. [PMID: 18710417 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05624.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Urotensin II (UII) and UII-related peptide (URP) are paralog neuropeptides whose existence and distribution in mouse have not yet been investigated. In this study, we showed by HPLC/RIA analysis that the UII-immunoreactive molecule in the mouse brain corresponds to a new UII(17) isoform. Moreover, calcium mobilization assays indicated that UII(17) and URP were equally potent in stimulating UII receptor (UT receptor). Quantitative RT-PCR and in situ hybridization analysis revealed that in the CNS UII and URP mRNAs were predominantly expressed in brainstem and spinal motoneurons. Besides, they were differentially expressed in the medial vestibular nucleus, locus coeruleus and the ventral medulla. In periphery, both mRNAs were expressed in skeletal muscle, testis, vagina, stomach, and gall bladder, whereas only URP mRNA could be detected in the seminal vesicle, heart, colon, and thymus. By contrast, the UT receptor mRNA was widely expressed, and notably, very high amounts of transcript occurred in skeletal muscle and prostate. In the biceps femoris muscle, UII-like immunoreactivity was shown to coexist with synaptophysin in muscle motor end plate regions. Altogether these results suggest that (i) UII and URP may have many redundant biological effects, especially at the neuromuscular junction; (ii) URP may more specifically participate to autonomic, cardiovascular and reproductive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Dubessy
- Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Communication and Differentiation, EA4310, INSERM U413, European Institute for Peptide Research (IFRMP 23), University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
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Pakala R. Role of urotensin II in atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. CARDIOVASCULAR REVASCULARIZATION MEDICINE 2008; 9:166-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carrev.2008.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2007] [Revised: 01/24/2008] [Accepted: 02/05/2008] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Jin J, An M, Sapienza A, Aiyar N, Naselsky D, Sarau HM, Foley JJ, Salyers KL, Knight SD, Keenan RM, Rivero RA, Dhanak D, Douglas SA. Urotensin-II receptor antagonists: Synthesis and SAR of N-cyclic azaalkyl benzamides. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:3950-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2008] [Revised: 06/05/2008] [Accepted: 06/05/2008] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Watson A, McKinley M, May C. Effect of central urotensin II on heart rate, blood pressure and brain Fos immunoreactivity in conscious rats. Neuroscience 2008; 155:241-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2008] [Revised: 05/09/2008] [Accepted: 05/23/2008] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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do Rego JC, Leprince J, Scalbert E, Vaudry H, Costentin J. Behavioral actions of urotensin-II. Peptides 2008; 29:838-44. [PMID: 18294732 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2007.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2007] [Revised: 12/20/2007] [Accepted: 12/21/2007] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Urotensin-II (U-II) and urotensin-II-related peptide (URP) have been identified as the endogenous ligands of the orphan G-protein-coupled receptor GPR14 now renamed UT. The occurrence of U-II and URP in the central nervous system, and the widespread distribution of UT in the brain suggest that U-II and URP may play various behavioral activities. Studies conducted in rodents have shown that central administration of U-II stimulates locomotion, provokes anxiety- and depressive-like states, enhances feeding activity and increases the duration of paradoxical sleep episodes. These observations indicate that, besides the endocrine/paracrine activities of U-II and URP on cardiovascular and kidney functions, these peptides may act as neurotransmitters and/or neuromodulators to regulate various neurobiological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Claude do Rego
- CNRS FRE 2735, Laboratoire de Neuropsychopharmacologie Expérimentale, Institut Fédératif de Recherches Multidisciplinaires sur les Peptides 23, UFR de Médecine et Pharmacie, 22 Boulevard Gambetta, Rouen 76183, France.
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48
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Leprince J, Chatenet D, Dubessy C, Fournier A, Pfeiffer B, Scalbert E, Renard P, Pacaud P, Oulyadi H, Ségalas-Milazzo I, Guilhaudis L, Davoust D, Tonon MC, Vaudry H. Structure-activity relationships of urotensin II and URP. Peptides 2008; 29:658-73. [PMID: 17931747 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2007.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2007] [Revised: 08/14/2007] [Accepted: 08/16/2007] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Urotensin II (U-II) and urotensin II-related peptide (URP) are the endogenous ligands for the orphan G-protein-coupled receptor GPR14 now renamed UT. At the periphery, U-II and/or URP exert a wide range of biological effects on cardiovascular tissues, airway smooth muscles, kidney and endocrine glands, while central administration of U-II elicits various behavioral and cardiovascular responses. There is also evidence that U-II and/or URP may be involved in a number of pathological conditions including heart failure, atherosclerosis, renal dysfunction and diabetes. Because of the potential involvement of the urotensinergic system in various physiopathological processes, there is need for the rational design of potent and selective ligands for the UT receptor. Structure-activity relationship studies have shown that the minimal sequence required to retain full biological activity is the conserved U-II(4-11) domain, in particular the Cys5 and Cys10 residues involved in the disulfide bridge, and the Phe6, Lys8 and Tyr9 residues. Free alpha-amino group and C-terminal COOH group are not necessary for the biological activity, and modifications of these radicals may even increase the stability of the analogs. Punctual substitution of native amino acids, notably Phe6 and Trp7, by particular residues generates analogs with antagonistic properties. These studies, which provide crucial information regarding the structural and conformational requirements for ligand-receptor interactions, will be of considerable importance for the design of novel UT ligands with increased selectivity, potency and stability, that may eventually lead to the development of innovative drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Leprince
- Inserm U413, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
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Lescot E, Bureau R, Rault S. Nonpeptide Urotensin-II receptor agonists and antagonists: review and structure-activity relationships. Peptides 2008; 29:680-90. [PMID: 18022732 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2007.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2007] [Revised: 09/19/2007] [Accepted: 09/26/2007] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Human Urotensin-II (hU-II) is a cyclic 11-amino acid peptide that plays a role in cardiovascular homeostasis. Its receptor is a member of the class A of G-protein-coupled receptors, called GPR14. In recent years, several nonpeptide ligands have been reported in the literature. Most were identified by high-throughput screening and optimized by medicinal chemistry methods. Other nonpeptide ligands were discovered starting from the 3D structure of hU-II or other ligands. They were identified by a virtual screening approach based on a 3D pharmacophore or by structural similarity with others cyclic peptides. In this review, nonpeptide agonists and antagonists are presented in relation to structure-activity relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Lescot
- Université de Caen, U.F.R. des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie, 5 rue Vaubénard, 14032 Caen Cedex, France
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Morimoto R, Satoh F, Murakami O, Totsune K, Arai Y, Suzuki T, Sasano H, Ito S, Takahashi K. Immunolocalization of urotensin II and its receptor in human adrenal tumors and attached non-neoplastic adrenal tissues. Peptides 2008; 29:873-80. [PMID: 17686550 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2007.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2007] [Revised: 06/19/2007] [Accepted: 06/21/2007] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Urotensin II (UII), first identified from goby urophysis, is a potent vasoactive peptide hormone and an endogenous ligand for an orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR14, now named urotensin II receptor (UT-R). In addition to its vascular actions, UII has been shown to have mitogenic effects on tumor growth and some regulatory effects on adrenal steroidogenesis. In the present study, we examined expression of UII and UT-R in human adrenal tumors and attached non-neoplastic adrenal tissues by immunohistochemistry. Both UII and UT-R were immunolocalized in tumor cells of all adrenal tumors examined: 8 cases of cortisol-producing adenomas, 8 cases of aldosterone-producing adenomas, 2 cases of non-functioning adenomas, 17 cases of adrenocortical carcinomas, and 8 cases of pheochromocytomas. In attached adrenals, immunoreactivity for UII was detected in medulla, but much weaker in the cortex than in cortical tumors, suggesting that expression of UII was up-regulated in neoplastic adrenocortical tissues. No significant differences were found in the degree of immunoreactivity for UT-R between the tumors and the attached adrenal tissues. The present study showed that both UII and UT-R were expressed in the adrenal tumors and attached non-neoplastic adrenal tissues, and suggests possible roles of UII and UT-R in tumor growth and/or secretory activities of these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Morimoto
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan
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