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Britto-Júnior J, Guimarães RAB, Oliveira DL, Lima AT, Quirino Junior G, de Oliveira Stocco GA, Salgado Uramoto EH, Fregonesi A, Antunes E, De Nucci G. Alpha 1-adrenergic blockers selectively antagonize the contractions induced by 6-nitrodopamine in the human vas deferens. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:3227-3238. [PMID: 37910185 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02805-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
6-Nitrodopamine (6-ND) is released from human vas deferens and plays a modulatory role in the male ejaculation. Therapeutical use of α1-adrenoceptor antagonists is associated with ejaculatory abnormalities. To evaluate the effect of α1-adrenoceptor antagonists on the contractions induced by 6-ND, dopamine, noradrenaline, and adrenaline in the human epididymal vas deferens (HEVD). HEVD strips were suspended in glass chambers containing heated and oxygenated Krebs-Henseleit's solution. Cumulative concentration-response curves to catecholamines (10 nM-300 μM) were constructed in HEVD strips pre-incubated (30 min) with doxazosin (0.1-1 nM), tamsulosin (1-10 nM), prazosin (10-100 nM) and/or silodosin (0.1-10 nM). The effects of these α1-adrenoceptor antagonists were also evaluated in the electric-field stimulation (EFS, 2-32 Hz)-induced contractions. Doxazosin (0.1 nM) caused significant reductions in 6-ND-induced HEVD contractions without affecting the contractions induced by dopamine, noradrenaline, and adrenaline. Similar results were observed with tamsulosin (1 nM) and prazosin (10 nM). At these concentrations, these α1-adrenoceptor antagonists largely reduced the EFS-induced contractions. Silodosin (1 nM) caused concentration-dependent rightward shifts of the concentration-response curves to 6-ND but had no effect on the contractions induced by dopamine and adrenaline. Silodosin (0.1 nM) only inhibited the contractions induced by noradrenaline. Silodosin at 1 nM, but not at 0.1 nM, caused significant reductions in the EFS-induced contractions. The results reinforce the concept that 6-ND plays a major role in the human vas deferens contractility and indicate that the ejaculation disorders caused by doxazosin, tamsulosin, prazosin and silodosin cause in man, may be due to inhibition of the contractions induced by 6-ND rather than by the classical catecholamines dopamine, noradrenaline, and adrenaline.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Britto-Júnior
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, 126 Tessália Vieira de Camargo St, Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-887, Brazil.
| | - Renan Arthur Bosio Guimarães
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, 126 Tessália Vieira de Camargo St, Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Denis Lima Oliveira
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, 126 Tessália Vieira de Camargo St, Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Antonio Tiago Lima
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, 126 Tessália Vieira de Camargo St, Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Gilberto Quirino Junior
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, 126 Tessália Vieira de Camargo St, Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Augusto de Oliveira Stocco
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, 126 Tessália Vieira de Camargo St, Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-887, Brazil
| | | | - Adriano Fregonesi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, 126 Tessália Vieira de Camargo St, Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-887, Brazil
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine of Jundiaí, Jundiaí, Brazil
| | - Edson Antunes
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, 126 Tessália Vieira de Camargo St, Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Gilberto De Nucci
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, 126 Tessália Vieira de Camargo St, Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-887, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Metropolitan University of Santos, Santos, Brazil
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Yoshizumi M, Ise SN, Yonezawa A, Watanabe C, Sakurada S, Mizoguchi H. Characteristics of α 1-adrenoceptor antagonists-induced ejaculatory dysfunction on spontaneous seminal emission in rats. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2024; 134:704-711. [PMID: 38409579 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Although α1-adrenoceptor (α1-AR) antagonists used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia can cause ejaculation disorders, the aetiology of this adverse event is still controversial. Therefore, we investigated the effects of antagonists with different affinities for α1-AR subtypes on ejaculatory function and their mechanisms of action in normal rats. In the spontaneous seminal emission (SSE) test, systemically administered prazosin, terazosin, tamsulosin and naftopidil decreased the weight of ejaculated seminal material in a dose-dependent manner; the potency order was as follows: tamsulosin > terazosin > prazosin > naftopidil. The selective α1D-AR antagonist BMY7378 had no effect on SSE. Intrathecal tamsulosin and naftopidil did not inhibit SSE. Tamsulosin, the most potent, was ineffective as a single dose and significantly increased seminal vesicle fluid in rats treated for 2 weeks but did not significantly change retrograde ejaculation. These results indicated that the difference in inhibitory potency of the five α1-AR antagonists against SSE was due to the involvement of α1A-AR subtypes. Our results further suggested that α1-AR antagonist-induced ejaculatory dysfunction at the peripheral level was mainly due to the loss of seminal emission, although some retrograde ejaculation may also be involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Yoshizumi
- Division of Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shin-Nosuke Ise
- Division of Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yonezawa
- Division of Pharmaceutical Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Chizuko Watanabe
- Division of Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shinobu Sakurada
- Division of Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Mizoguchi
- Division of Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
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Su M, Wang J, Xiang G, Do HN, Levitz J, Miao Y, Huang XY. Structural basis of agonist specificity of α 1A-adrenergic receptor. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4819. [PMID: 37563160 PMCID: PMC10415349 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40524-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
α1-adrenergic receptors (α1-ARs) play critical roles in the cardiovascular and nervous systems where they regulate blood pressure, cognition, and metabolism. However, the lack of specific agonists for all α1 subtypes has limited our understanding of the physiological roles of different α1-AR subtypes, and led to the stagnancy in agonist-based drug development for these receptors. Here we report cryo-EM structures of α1A-AR in complex with heterotrimeric G-proteins and either the endogenous common agonist epinephrine or the α1A-AR-specific synthetic agonist A61603. These structures provide molecular insights into the mechanisms underlying the discrimination between α1A-AR and α1B-AR by A61603. Guided by the structures and corresponding molecular dynamics simulations, we engineer α1A-AR mutants that are not responsive to A61603, and α1B-AR mutants that can be potently activated by A61603. Together, these findings advance our understanding of the agonist specificity for α1-ARs at the molecular level, opening the possibility of rational design of subtype-specific agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minfei Su
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Jinan Wang
- Center for Computational Biology and Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66047, USA
| | - Guoqing Xiang
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Hung Nguyen Do
- Center for Computational Biology and Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66047, USA
| | - Joshua Levitz
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Yinglong Miao
- Center for Computational Biology and Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66047, USA.
| | - Xin-Yun Huang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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Müderrisoglu AE, de la Rosette JJMCH, Michel MC. Potential side effects of currently available pharmacotherapies in male lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2023; 22:1213-1224. [PMID: 38064204 DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2023.2293206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The drug classes of α1-adrenoceptor antagonists, 5α-reductase inhibitors, and phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors are guideline-recommended treatments of lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia; muscarinic receptor antagonists and β3-adrenoceptor agonists are also recommended if storage symptoms are insufficiently addressed with one of the other three drug classes. AREAS COVERED We provide a narrative review (no formalized literature searches performed) of the tolerability of these drug classes with emphasis on the more recently introduced medications, on combination treatment, and on more lately emerging risks. EXPERT OPINION/COMMENTARY The tolerability profiles are distinct between drug classes but, with few exceptions, similar within a drug class. Within a drug, formulations with longer duration of action tend to have better tolerability. Efficacy gains using combination treatment at least partly come at a cost of lesser tolerability. Greater susceptibility to experience adverse events based on age, comorbidities, and comedications appears conceptually important but remains under-investigated in this therapeutic area.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Elif Müderrisoglu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | | | - Martin C Michel
- Department of Pharmacology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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Uetani M, Yamabe F, Hori S, Aoki H, Sakurabayashi K, Okawa M, Kobayashi H, Nakajima K, Nagao K, Mitsui Y. Successful treatment of ejaculation pain with silodosin in patient with Zinner syndrome: a case report. Transl Androl Urol 2023; 12:823-828. [PMID: 37305621 PMCID: PMC10251087 DOI: 10.21037/tau-22-746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Zinner syndrome is a rare congenital anomaly featuring a unilateral seminal vesicle cyst and ipsilateral renal agenesis. While the majority of affected patients are asymptomatic and followed with conservative management, others have symptoms such as micturition, ejaculatory difficulties, and/or pain, thus may require treatment. These patients often undergo an invasive procedure as first-line treatment, such as transurethral resection of the ejaculatory duct, or aspiration and drainage, which reduces pressure within the seminal vesicle cyst, or surgical resection of the seminal vesicle. Reported here is a patient with ejaculation pain and pelvic discomfort associated with Zinner syndrome who was successfully treated in a non-invasive manner with silodosin, an α1-adrenoceptor antagonist. Case Description A 37-year-old Japanese male had ejaculation pain and pelvic discomfort associated with Zinner syndrome. Two months of treatment with silodosin, an α1-blocker, resulted in complete pain relief. Thereafter, conservative management with regular follow-up examinations has been conducted for five years, without recurrence of ejaculation pain or other symptoms associated with Zinner syndrome. Conclusions This is the first known published case report of a patient with Zinner syndrome treated with silodosin who was completely relieved from ejaculation pain. The effect of α1-adrenoceptor antagonists to inhibit seminal vesicle contraction, as well as cause relaxation of smooth muscles of the urethra and prostate may contribute to reduce pain associated with ejaculation. We concluded that silodosin treatment should be attempted in affected patients before considering surgical treatment.
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Perez DM. α 1-Adrenergic Receptors: Insights into Potential Therapeutic Opportunities for COVID-19, Heart Failure, and Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:4188. [PMID: 36835598 PMCID: PMC9963459 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
α1-Adrenergic receptors (ARs) are members of the G-Protein Coupled Receptor superfamily and with other related receptors (β and α2), they are involved in regulating the sympathetic nervous system through binding and activation by norepinephrine and epinephrine. Traditionally, α1-AR antagonists were first used as anti-hypertensives, as α1-AR activation increases vasoconstriction, but they are not a first-line use at present. The current usage of α1-AR antagonists increases urinary flow in benign prostatic hyperplasia. α1-AR agonists are used in septic shock, but the increased blood pressure response limits use for other conditions. However, with the advent of genetic-based animal models of the subtypes, drug design of highly selective ligands, scientists have discovered potentially newer uses for both agonists and antagonists of the α1-AR. In this review, we highlight newer treatment potential for α1A-AR agonists (heart failure, ischemia, and Alzheimer's disease) and non-selective α1-AR antagonists (COVID-19/SARS, Parkinson's disease, and posttraumatic stress disorder). While the studies reviewed here are still preclinical in cell lines and rodent disease models or have undergone initial clinical trials, potential therapeutics discussed here should not be used for non-approved conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianne M Perez
- The Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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Yunaini L, Ari Pujianto D. Various gene modification techniques to discover molecular targets for nonhormonal male contraceptives: A review. Int J Reprod Biomed 2023; 21:17-32. [PMID: 36875503 PMCID: PMC9982321 DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v21i1.12662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification and characterization of relevant targets are necessary for developing nonhormonal male contraceptives. The molecules must demonstrate that they are necessary for reproduction. As a result, a sophisticated technique is required to identify the molecular targets for nonhormonal male contraceptives. Genetic modification (GM) techniques are one method that can be applied. This technique has been widely used to study gene function that effected male fertility and has resulted in the discovery of numerous nonhormonal male contraceptive target molecules. We examined GM techniques and approaches used to investigate genes involved in male fertility as potential targets for nonhormonal contraceptives. The discovery of nonhormonal contraceptive candidate molecules was increased by using GM techniques, especially the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/Cas9 method. The discovery of candidate nonhormonal contraceptive molecules can be a wide-open research for the development of nonhormonal male contraceptives. Therefore, we are believing that one day nonhormonal male contraceptives will be released.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luluk Yunaini
- Doctoral Program of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta Pusat, Indonesia.,Department of Medicine Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta Pusat, Indonesia
| | - Dwi Ari Pujianto
- Department of Medicine Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta Pusat, Indonesia
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Ahmad A, Saarti M, Younes M. Impact of Targeting β3 Receptor on Male Sex Hormonal Balance. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.10085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Sympathetic stimulation has a significant impact on the physiology and pathology of the male reproductive system. β3 receptor is suspected to play a role in the regulation of fertility status in men.
AIM:
The study aims to investigate the role of the β3 receptor in regulating the fertility parameters (testosterone, estrogen, progesterone, and histology of testis) in male rats.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Male albino rats have been given either placebo (controls) or β3 agonist (Mirabegron). Testosterone, estrogen, and progesterone are measured before and after treatment for all cases and controls. Histology of testis is investigated for all the rats as well.
RESULTS:
β3 receptor activation caused a significant increase in testosterone plasma concentration and a significant reduction in estrogen plasma concentration. β3 agonist did not affect the progesterone plasma concentration. Histological sections showed that β3 activation resulted in degeneration of the spermatocytes and accumulation of edema between the seminiferous tubules in the testis.
CONCLUSION:
β3 receptor has a potentially important role in the fertility status of male rats via regulating sex hormonal profile and altering the histology of the testis.
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Alsufyani HA, Docherty JR. Roles for α 1-adrenoceptors during contractions by electrical field stimulation in mouse vas deferens. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 25:525-532. [PMID: 34697263 PMCID: PMC8552829 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2021.25.6.525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the relative roles of α1-adrenoceptors and purinoceptors in contractions to low and high frequency stimulation of the mouse vas deferens, in terms of the time course of responses. In separate experiments, isometric contractile responses were obtained to 10 pulses at 1 Hz and 40 pulses at 10 Hz. Responses to 1 Hz stimulation consisted of a series of discrete peaks. The α1A-adrenoceptor antagonist RS100329 (10–9M–10–7M) significantly reduced the response to the first pulse, the α1D-adrenoceptor antagonist BMY7378 (10–7M–10–6M) significantly reduced the response to the first two pulses, and the non-selective α1-adrenoceptor antagonist prazosin (10–8M) reduced the response to the first 4 pulses at 1 Hz. Responses to 10 Hz stimulation consisted of an early peak response and a maintained plateau response. RS100329 significantly reduced the peak response but did not significantly affect the plateau response. Prazosin, significantly reduced both the peak and plateau responses. The α1A-adrenoceptor antagonist RS17053 in high concentrations reduced mainly the plateau response leaving a clear early peak response. The plateau response of contraction was almost abolished by the purinoceptor antagonist suramin. These results suggest that there is a relatively minor early α1D-adrenoceptor and a larger early α1A-adrenoceptor component to stimulation-evoked contractions of mouse vas deferens, but the major α1-adrenoceptor component is revealed by prazosin to be α1B-adrenoceptor mediated. α1B-Adrenoceptor activation probably facilitates contractions mediated by other α1-adrenoceptors and by purinoceptors. These results suggest that combined non-selective α1-adrenoceptor blockade, particularly α1B-adrenoceptor blockade, in addition to P2X1-purinoceptor blockade is useful in reducing male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadeel A. Alsufyani
- Department of Physiology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - James R. Docherty
- Department of Physiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
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Stadler B, Nowell CJ, Whittaker MR, Arnhold S, Pilatz A, Wagenlehner FM, Exintaris B, Middendorff R. Physiological and pharmacological impact of oxytocin on epididymal propulsion during the ejaculatory process in rodents and men. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21639. [PMID: 34041782 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100435r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
During the emission phase of ejaculation, the sperm is driven from the cauda epididymidis, where it is stored, through the vas deferens by strong contractions. These contractions are thought of as being mainly induced by the sympathetic nervous system and the neurotransmitter noradrenaline. In the present study, we investigated the effect of oxytocin (suggested to exert effects during ejaculation as well) on defined segments of the rat and human epididymis using live imaging. Our results indicate that it is the very last part of the epididymis, segment 19 (S19) in rat and likewise segment 9 in human, which responds in a uniquely strong and rapid manner to oxytocin (similar to noradrenaline). Because of the complex nature of this contractile response, we developed an imaging analysis method, which allowed us to quantify multidirectional contractions and to display them using heat maps. The reaction of S19 to oxytocin was concentration-dependent and could be inhibited by pretreatment with oxytocin antagonists (atosiban and cligosiban), but not with an arginine vasopressin 1A antagonist (SR49059). In both rat and human tissue, pretreatment with the alpha-1 adrenoreceptor antagonist tamsulosin inhibited the response to noradrenaline, whereas the effect of oxytocin was unimpaired. Our data (from men and rodents) strongly suggest that the hormone oxytocin is involved in the ejaculatory process. Thus, oxytocin-based medications might be a promising non-adrenergic treatment option for ejaculatory disorders. Additionally, we propose that S19 could be an advantageous model (detecting very low concentrations of oxytocin) to test the bioactivity of new oxytocin agonists and oxytocin antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrix Stadler
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.,Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Cameron J Nowell
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael R Whittaker
- Drug Discovery Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stefan Arnhold
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy Histology and Embryology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Adrian Pilatz
- Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology, and Andrology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Florian M Wagenlehner
- Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology, and Andrology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Betty Exintaris
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ralf Middendorff
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
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Perez DM. Current Developments on the Role of α 1-Adrenergic Receptors in Cognition, Cardioprotection, and Metabolism. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:652152. [PMID: 34113612 PMCID: PMC8185284 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.652152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The α1-adrenergic receptors (ARs) are G-protein coupled receptors that bind the endogenous catecholamines, norepinephrine, and epinephrine. They play a key role in the regulation of the sympathetic nervous system along with β and α2-AR family members. While all of the adrenergic receptors bind with similar affinity to the catecholamines, they can regulate different physiologies and pathophysiologies in the body because they couple to different G-proteins and signal transduction pathways, commonly in opposition to one another. While α1-AR subtypes (α1A, α1B, α1C) have long been known to be primary regulators of vascular smooth muscle contraction, blood pressure, and cardiac hypertrophy, their role in neurotransmission, improving cognition, protecting the heart during ischemia and failure, and regulating whole body and organ metabolism are not well known and are more recent developments. These advancements have been made possible through the development of transgenic and knockout mouse models and more selective ligands to advance their research. Here, we will review the recent literature to provide new insights into these physiological functions and possible use as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianne M Perez
- The Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
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12
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Immunolocalization of Adrenoceptors in the Reproductive Tract of Male Domestic Cats in Comparison to Rats. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11041049. [PMID: 33917846 PMCID: PMC8068296 DOI: 10.3390/ani11041049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In cats, semen is collected by pharmacological stimulation. The administration of a drug that stimulates α2-adrenoceptors causes the expulsion of spermatozoa into the urethra. However, as the results are not always satisfactory, this method needs to be improved. There are nine subtypes of adrenoceptors that are involved in the contraction of smooth muscle, including those in the reproductive tract, so adrenoceptors other than the α2-subtype are potential targets in any new, optimized protocol. The aim of this study was to analyze the immunolocalization of the adrenergic receptors in the reproductive tract of the male cat for the first time in this species. The expression of all adrenoceptor subtypes was noted in the peritubular smooth muscle in cats, indicating a potential clinical application for agonists of these receptors for the optimization of the pharmacological semen collection in felids. In a broader context, the development of a new procedure for semen collection in the male cat, using active substances from groups other than those currently used, will support the wider application of reproductive biotechnologies in felids. Abstract Adrenoceptors mediate the action of the sympathetic nervous system, including the contraction of the epididymis and vas deferens. The aim of this study was to immunolocalize the adrenergic receptors in the reproductive tract of the male cat, as this information is not yet available. The epididymis and vas deferens of domestic cats and rats (the biological controls) were analyzed by immunohistochemistry to determine the localization of the α1A-, α1B-, α1D-, α2A-, α2B-, α2C-, β1-, β2-, and β3-adrenoceptors. All the receptors were expressed in the peritubular smooth muscles of the cat, but the α1D-, α2C-, and β1-adrenoceptors were not detected in this tissue in the rat. For the α2A-adrenoceptor, the intensity of immunostaining differed significantly between the caput epididymis (weakest staining) and the vas deferens (strongest staining). The presence of all the types of the receptors was also detected in the cytoplasm of the epithelial cells in all the regions of the reproductive tract. The strong expression of the α2A-adrenoreceptor suggests it has a leading role in the contraction of the reproductive tract in the cat. The presence of other adrenergic receptors in the smooth muscle of the epididymis and vas deferens indicates a potential clinical application for α1-mimetics in the optimization of pharmacological semen collection in felids.
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In Vitro Contraction of Isolated Cauda Epididymal Duct Smooth Muscle as a Complimentary Approach to Physiological, Pathological, Toxicological, and Pharmacological Studies on Epididymal Function. Methods Mol Biol 2021. [PMID: 33423227 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1091-6_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Contraction of cauda epididymal duct (CE) smooth muscle is one of the very first events of the seminal emission phase of ejaculation. The contraction of CE smooth muscle is governed by a complex interaction of hormones, autacoids, and by the neurotransmitters released from the epididymal intramural nerve endings, and any impairment in the CE smooth muscle contraction has the potential to impair male fertility. Apart the obvious pathophysiological and toxicological importance of CE smooth muscle contraction, modulation of CE contraction has pharmaceutical interest offering a druggable target to development of drugs to improve/impair male fertility. The in vitro contraction experiments constitute a valuable approach to an in-depth evaluation of functional and molecular changes resulting from pathologies or drug exposure. Therefore, this chapter consists in a description of in vitro pharmacological reactivity contractility of the epididymal duct in a controlled medium, maintained at 30 °C of temperature and continuously bubbled with 95% O2 and 5% CO2 to obtain cumulative concentration-response curves that has been fundamental to some of our investigations on epididymal physiology, toxicology, and pharmacology.
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Oostingh EC, Huijgen NA, Koedooder R, Dohle GR, Stricker BH, Steegers-Theunissen RP. Potential benefits of the use of sympathomimetics for asthmatic disease, on semen quality in men of subfertile couples. Reprod Biomed Online 2019; 40:423-428. [PMID: 32122752 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2019.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION Is there an association between the use of sympathomimetics for asthmatic disease and semen quality in humans? DESIGN Between 2007 and 2012 a prospective cohort study was conducted among couples visiting the preconception counselling clinic at a tertiary hospital in the Netherlands. The study included 882 men of subfertile couples and information on medication use was obtained from self-administered questionnaires. Moreover, data on semen parameters were retrieved from medical records. RESULTS The study population of men revealed a mean (± SD) age of 34 ± 4 years with a mean body mass index (BMI) of 26.1 ± 2.3 kg/m2, and sympathomimetic use was reported by 3.6%. The use of sympathomimetics was positively associated with a 10% higher sperm motility (beta 10.265; 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.258-17.272) after adjustment for smoking, alcohol use, age, geographic background, BMI, folic acid supplement use, the four astronomical seasons and asthma/bronchitis. Subgroup analysis between men with total motile sperm count (TMSC) < or ≥10 million showed that this association remained (P ≤ 0.001) after adjustment for these confounders. After adjustment for confounders the sperm concentration was also positively associated with the use of sympathomimetics, but only in men with TMSC ≥10 million (beta 0.300; 95% CI 0.032-0.568). CONCLUSIONS These preliminary data show the potential benefits of the use of sympathomimetics to improve sperm motility in men of subfertile couples, which needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsje C Oostingh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus University Medical Center (Erasmus MC), Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nicole A Huijgen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus University Medical Center (Erasmus MC), Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rivka Koedooder
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus University Medical Center (Erasmus MC), Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gert R Dohle
- Department of Urology, Erasmus University Medical Center (Erasmus MC), Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bruno Hc Stricker
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center (Erasmus MC), Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Régine Pm Steegers-Theunissen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus University Medical Center (Erasmus MC), Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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Effects of mu opioid receptors in paraventricular nucleus on ejaculation through mediating sympathetic nerve system activity. Neuropharmacology 2019; 158:107709. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.107709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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16
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Akinaga J, García‐Sáinz JA, S. Pupo A. Updates in the function and regulation of α 1 -adrenoceptors. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:2343-2357. [PMID: 30740663 PMCID: PMC6592863 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
α1 -Adrenoceptors are seven transmembrane domain GPCRs involved in numerous physiological functions controlled by the endogenous catecholamines, noradrenaline and adrenaline, and targeted by drugs useful in therapeutics. Three separate genes, whose products are named α1A -, α1B -, and α1D - adrenoceptors, encode these receptors. Although the existence of multiple α1 -adrenoceptors has been acknowledged for almost 25 years, the specific functions regulated by each subtype are still largely unknown. Despite the limited comprehension, the identification of a single class of subtype-selective ligands for the α1A - adrenoceptors, the so-called α-blockers for prostate dysfunction, has led to major improvement in therapeutics, demonstrating the need for continued efforts in the field. This review article surveys the tissue distribution of the three α1 -adrenoceptor subtypes in the cardiovascular system, genitourinary system, and CNS, highlighting the functions already identified as mediated by the predominant activation of specific subtypes. In addition, this review covers the recent advances in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of each of the α1 -adrenoceptor subtypes by phosphorylation and interaction with proteins involved in their desensitization and internalization. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on Adrenoceptors-New Roles for Old Players. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.14/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Akinaga
- Department of PharmacologyInstituto de Biociências, UNESPBotucatuBrazil
| | - J. Adolfo García‐Sáinz
- Instituto de Fisiología CelularUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - André S. Pupo
- Department of PharmacologyInstituto de Biociências, UNESPBotucatuBrazil
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17
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An element for development: Calcium signaling in mammalian reproduction and development. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2019; 1866:1230-1238. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Docherty JR. The pharmacology of α 1-adrenoceptor subtypes. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 855:305-320. [PMID: 31067439 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
This review examines the functions of α1-adrenoceptor subtypes, particularly in terms of contraction of smooth muscle. There are 3 subtypes of α1-adrenoceptor, α1A- α1B- and α1D-adrenoceptors. Evidence is presented that the postulated α1L-adrenoceptor is simply the native α1A-adrenoceptor at which prazosin has low potency. In most isolated tissue studies, smooth muscle contractions to exogenous agonists are mediated particularly by α1A-, with a lesser role for α1D-adrenoceptors, but α1B-adrenoceptors are clearly involved in contractions of some tissues, for example, the spleen. However, nerve-evoked responses are the most crucial physiologically, so that these studies of exogenous agonists may overestimate the importance of α1A-adrenoceptors. The major α1-adrenoceptors involved in blood pressure control by sympathetic nerves are the α1D- and the α1A-adrenoceptors, mediating peripheral vasoconstrictor actions. As noradrenaline has high potency at α1D-adrenceptors, these receptors mediate the fastest response and seem to be targets for neurally released noradrenaline especially to low frequency stimulation, with α1A-adrenoceptors being more important at high frequencies of stimulation. This is true in rodent vas deferens and may be true in vasopressor nerves controlling peripheral resistance and tissue blood flow. The αlA-adrenoceptor may act mainly through Ca2+ entry through L-type channels, whereas the α1D-adrenoceptor may act mainly through T-type channels and exhaustable Ca2+ stores. α1-Adrenoceptors may also act through non-G-protein linked second messenger systems. In many tissues, multiple subtypes of α-adrenoceptor are present, and this may be regarded as the norm rather than exception, although one receptor subtype is usually predominant.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Docherty
- Department of Physiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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19
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Mueller A, Kiguti LRA, Silva EJR, Pupo AS. Contractile Effects of Serotonin (5-HT) in the Rat Cauda Epididymis: Expression and Functional Characterization of 5-HT Receptors. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 369:98-106. [PMID: 30728250 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.118.254110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Serotonin [5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)] exerts multiple central and peripheral functions. High concentrations of 5-HT have been found in the epididymis, a ductal organ that plays pivotal roles in sperm transport and maturation. The contraction of the epididymal smooth muscle is essential for sperm transport and emission during ejaculation. The contributions of the epididymal 5-HT system to these events are poorly understood. Here, we assessed the contractile function of 5-HT in the rat cauda epididymis (CE), pharmacologically targeting the receptor(s) and the reuptake mechanism involved in this system. Segments of CE duct from adult Wistar rats were set up in an organ bath system for isometric tension recordings, and concentration-response curves to 5-HT and norepinephrine were obtained. 5-HT elicited concentration-dependent contractions of the CE duct (pEC50 = 6.5 ± 0.1) that were potentiated with high potency by the norepinephrine transporter (NET) inhibitor desipramine and with low potency by the highly selective serotonin transporter inhibitor paroxetine, indicating that the NET is the major mediator of 5-HT reuptake in vitro. CE contractions to 5-HT were antagonized by the α 1-adrenoceptor (α 1-AR) antagonist prazosin (pA 2 ≅ 8.9), 5-HT2A/2C antagonists ketanserin (pA 2 ≅ 9.4) and fluoxetine (pA 2 ≅ 7.4), and 5-HT1A ligands WAY 100635 (pA 2 ≅ 8.9) and buspirone (pA 2 ≅ 7.3). Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated that 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A transcripts are highly abundant in the cauda epididymis, whereas 5-HT2C transcript was not found. Altogether, our results reveal that contractions of the CE duct to 5-HT encompasses at least activation of α 1-ARs and 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptors, providing new insights into the roles of 5-HT on the epididymal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre Mueller
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu-São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz R A Kiguti
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu-São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Erick J R Silva
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu-São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André S Pupo
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu-São Paulo, Brazil
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Shanmugasundaram N, Nivedhya J, Karthik MS, Ramanathan S. Risperidone-induced retrograde ejaculation and lurasidone may be the alternative. Ind Psychiatry J 2019; 28:152-154. [PMID: 31879463 PMCID: PMC6929214 DOI: 10.4103/ipj.ipj_8_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Medication adherence with antipsychotics is adversely impacted by the burden of untoward adverse effects. In particular, sexual side effects are often underreported by patients, which may interfere with drug compliance. Presented here is the case of a 35-year-old male with schizophrenia, previously treated with risperidone following which he developed sexual dysfunction and hence was stopped. He was admitted to our psychiatric inpatient ward after a second psychotic exacerbation of the disorder after being drug free for about 6 months. On admission, treatment with risperidone was restarted, following which he developed retrograde ejaculation on oral risperidone therapy at a dose of 8 mg/day, with resolution of symptoms after cross tapering risperidone with lurasidone. Pharmacological interventions that may reduce antipsychotic-induced sexual dysfunction include changing the type of medication and administering other medications that are known to improve sexual dysfunction. This case emphasizes the need for routine inquiry into sexual dysfunction during atypical antipsychotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natarajan Shanmugasundaram
- Department of Psychiatry, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, SRIHER, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - J Nivedhya
- Department of Psychiatry, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, SRIHER, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Murugan Selvaraj Karthik
- Department of Psychiatry, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, SRIHER, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sathianathan Ramanathan
- Department of Psychiatry, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, SRIHER, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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21
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Pacini ESA, Castilho ACS, Hebeler-Barbosa F, Pupo AS, Kiguti LRA. Contraction of Rat Cauda Epididymis Smooth Muscle to α1-Adrenoceptor Activation Is Mediated by α1A-Adrenoceptors. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2018; 366:21-28. [PMID: 29685886 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.117.246710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The cauda epididymis (CE), the site of sperm storage until the ejaculation, is densely innervated by the sympathetic nervous system. Contraction of CE smooth muscle via α1-adrenoceptors (α1-ARs) plays a key role during the seminal emission phase of ejaculation and α1-AR antagonism has been suggested as a nonhormonal and reversible male contraceptive target. Since the α1-AR subtype mediating contraction of rat CE is not known, this study investigates the expression and role of α1-AR subtypes on the proximal and distal rat CE duct contraction to norepinephrine in vitro. Alpha1a, α1b, and α1d transcripts were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction in proximal and distal CE segments and α1a and α1d were shown to predominate over α1b The inhibition of [3H]prazosin specific binding to intact CE segments from proximal and distal CE by RS 100329 and 5-methylurapidil (α1A-selective) and BMY 7378 (α1D-selective) showed that α1A- and α1D-ARs are expressed at similar densities. Norepinephrine-induced contractions of CE were competitively antagonized with high affinity by RS 100329 (pKB ≈ 9.50) and 5-methylurapidil (pKB ≈ 9.0) and with low affinity by BMY 7378 (pKB ≈ 7.0) and the α1B-selective L-765,314 (pA2 < 7.0), suggesting contractions are mediated by α1A-ARs. The clinically used α1A/D-ARs antagonist tamsulosin potently (pA2 ≈ 10.0) inhibited the norepinephrine-induced CE contractions. Altogether, our results show that α1A- and α1D-ARs are expressed in the CE duct and α1A-AR is the main subtype mediating contraction to norepinephrine. Our results highlight the importance of α1A-AR in the peripheral control of ejaculation and strengthen the α1A-AR as a target for a nonhormonal approach to male contraception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enio S A Pacini
- Department of Pharmacology, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anthony C S Castilho
- Department of Pharmacology, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flavia Hebeler-Barbosa
- Department of Pharmacology, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André S Pupo
- Department of Pharmacology, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz R A Kiguti
- Department of Pharmacology, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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22
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23
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Drobnis EZ, Nangia AK. Cardiovascular/Pulmonary Medications and Male Reproduction. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1034:103-130. [PMID: 29256129 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-69535-8_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular and respiratory medications are used by men of reproductive age although use of the former is most prevalent in advanced age. Many of these drugs have been associated with sexual dysfunction, including erectile and ejaculatory dysfunction, but for most there is insufficient evidence to link their use with testicular dysfunction, reduced semen quality or infertility. Some exceptions are the irreversible α1-adrenergic antagonist phenoxybenzamine, which carries a high risk of retrograde ejaculation; the specific α1A-adrenergic antagonists silodosin and tamsulosin, used primarily to treat BPH/lower urinary tract symptoms, which can cause retrograde ejaculation; and the peripheral β1-adrenergic antagonist atenolol, used to treat hypertension, which may decrease testosterone/free-testosterone levels. In this chapter, we review the evidence available regarding adverse reactions on male reproduction of adrenergic receptor agonists/antagonists, calcium channel blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, diuretics, digoxin, and hydralazine. For some of these medications, there is some evidence for male reproductive effects, along with some solid work in experimental and companion animal species suggesting negative effects. In contrast, and of special note, are calcium channel blockers, which have long been included on lists of medications with the potential to cause male infertility. This turns out to be a good example of a substance with profound effects on sperm function in vitro, but with limited evidence for in vivo effects on semen quality or fertility, even in experimental species. We hope that the evidence provided in this chapter will stimulate additional studies for these important classes of medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erma Z Drobnis
- Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Ajay K Nangia
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
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24
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Xia JD, Chen J, Sun HJ, Zhou LH, Zhu GQ, Chen Y, Dai YT. Centrally mediated ejaculatory response via sympathetic outflow in rats: role of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptors in paraventricular nucleus. Andrology 2016; 5:153-159. [PMID: 27860425 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 07/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J.-D. Xia
- Department of Urology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - J. Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - H.-J. Sun
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention; Department of Physiology; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - L.-H. Zhou
- Department of Urology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - G.-Q. Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention; Department of Physiology; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Y. Chen
- Department of Andrology; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Y.-T. Dai
- Department of Andrology; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
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DeLay KJ, Nutt M, McVary KT. Ejaculatory dysfunction in the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms. Transl Androl Urol 2016; 5:450-9. [PMID: 27652217 PMCID: PMC5002000 DOI: 10.21037/tau.2016.06.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The link between lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and sexual dysfunction is well established. Sexual dysfunction can encompass both ejaculatory dysfunction (EjD) and erectile dysfunction (ED). Ejaculatory dysfunction can consist of premature ejaculation, delayed ejaculation, retrograde ejaculation, anejaculation, decreased force of ejaculation and pain upon ejaculation. The impact of different medical and surgical therapies on ejaculatory function will be reviewed. We reviewed the various categories of LUTS treatment including the canonical epidemiology and pathophysiology as well as the surgical and medical treatments for LUTS/BPH. We note that most surgeries and several medical treatments have a certain but ill-defined negative impact on ejaculatory function. Several MISTs and selected medical therapies appear to have little impact on EjD. Both EjD and BPH are very common disorders in men under the care of an urologist. It is well documented that there is a clinical association between these two entities. Unfortunately many of the medical treatments and almost all surgical treatment impact the ejaculatory function of the patient. The surgical treatment of BPH often leads to retrograde ejaculation while medical treatment leads to anejaculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Jackson DeLay
- Division of Urology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | - Max Nutt
- Division of Urology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | - Kevin T McVary
- Division of Urology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
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Hayashi T, Takeya M, Nakamura KI, Matsuoka K. Effects of Silodosin and Tamsulosin on the Seminal Vesicle Contractile Response. Low Urin Tract Symptoms 2016; 8:55-61. [PMID: 26789544 DOI: 10.1111/luts.12072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Revised: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To understand the mechanisms underlying ejaculation dysfunction caused by α1A-adrenocetor (AR) antagonists, the effects of α1A-AR antagonists on the contractile responses of the seminal vesicle were investigated. METHODS Isolated seminal vesicles from guinea pigs were cannulated and pressurized, and the changes in the intraluminal pressure were recorded. Periodic applications of electrical stimulation (ES) caused biphasic increase in the intraluminal pressure, that is, initial and subsequent contractions. The effects of silodosin and tamsulosin, α1A-AR antagonists, on the contractile responses were examined. RESULTS The ES-induced biphasic contractions were blocked by tetrodotoxin (TTX). Silodosin and tamsulosin suppressed the initial contractions in a dose-dependent manner, while also exerting various inhibitory effects on the subsequent contractions. Increases in the intraluminal pressure facilitated spontaneous phasic contractions. The spontaneous contractions were not affected by TTX or α1A-AR antagonists, but were abolished by nifedipine. CONCLUSIONS The initial contractions triggered by neuronal excitations were suppressed by silodosin and tamsulosin, suggesting that the ejaculation dysfunction may be attributed to the α1A-AR antagonist-mediated suppression of nerve-evoked contractions in the seminal vesicle. The subsequent contractions may be induced by mechanical stimulation associated with the initial, nerve-evoked contractions. Alternatively, other transmitters may be involved to various degrees in the neuromuscular transmission of the seminal vesicle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tokumasa Hayashi
- Department of Urology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Mitsue Takeya
- Division of Integrated Autonomic Function, Department of Physiology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Kei-ichiro Nakamura
- Division of Microscopic and Developmental Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Kei Matsuoka
- Department of Urology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
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Jurkiewicz NH, Caricati-Neto A, Verde LF, Honda L, da Silva Junior ED, Reuter HR, Jurkiewicz A, Avellar MCW. Could α1-adrenoceptors and androgen receptors be modified by sexual maturation and testosterone in the rat testicular capsule? Life Sci 2015; 141:212-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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de Boer MK, Castelein S, Wiersma D, Schoevers RA, Knegtering H. The facts about sexual (Dys)function in schizophrenia: an overview of clinically relevant findings. Schizophr Bull 2015; 41:674-86. [PMID: 25721311 PMCID: PMC4393701 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbv001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A limited number of studies have evaluated sexual functioning in patients with schizophrenia. Most patients show an interest in sex that differs little from the general population. By contrast, psychiatric symptoms, institutionalization, and psychotropic medication contribute to frequently occurring impairments in sexual functioning. Women with schizophrenia have a better social outcome, longer lasting (sexual) relationships, and more offspring than men with schizophrenia. Still, in both sexes social and interpersonal impairments limit the development of stable sexual relationships. Although patients consider sexual problems to be highly relevant, patients and clinicians not easily discuss these spontaneously, leading to an underestimation of their prevalence and contributing to decreased adherence to treatment. Studies using structured interviews or questionnaires result in many more patients reporting sexual dysfunctions. Although sexual functioning can be impaired by different factors, the use of antipsychotic medication seems to be an important factor. A comparison of different antipsychotics showed high frequencies of sexual dysfunction for risperidone and classical antipsychotics, and lower frequencies for clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, and aripiprazole. Postsynaptic dopamine antagonism, prolactin elevation, and α1-receptor blockade may be the most relevant factors in the pathogenesis of antipsychotic-induced sexual dysfunction. Psychosocial strategies to treat antipsychotic-induced sexual dysfunction include psychoeducation and relationship counseling. Pharmacological strategies include lowering the dose or switching to a prolactin sparing antipsychotic. Also, the addition of a dopamine agonist, aripiprazole, or a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor has shown some promising results, but evidence is currently scarce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marrit K. de Boer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands;,*To whom correspondence should be addressed; Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, CC43, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands. tel: +31-50-3616161, fax: +31-50-3611699, e-mail:
| | - Stynke Castelein
- Lentis, Center for Mental Healthcare, Groningen, The Netherlands;,Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Rob Giel Research center, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Durk Wiersma
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Robert A. Schoevers
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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de Paiva ALC, Nunes TL, de Oliveira MGC, de Morais AML, Dos Santos EAA, Silva AR, de Oliveira MF, de Paula VV. Effects of atipamezole and medetomidine administration on seminal variables and functions of erection and ejaculation of the collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu) after electroejaculation. BMC Vet Res 2014; 10:170. [PMID: 25103781 PMCID: PMC4236823 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-014-0170-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alpha adrenergic drugs are usually used in the treatment of erectile and ejaculatory dysfunction in humans. The influence of such drugs on the seminal characteristics of wild animals has not been verified; whereas their impact on the seminal characteristics and erectile and ejaculatory functions of collared peccaries (Tayassu tajacu) has already been determined. This study aimed at investigating and comparing the effects of medetomidine and atipamezole on the seminal variables of collared peccaries undergoing electroejaculation as well as at determining whether these drugs affected the erectile and ejaculatory functions of this species. RESULTS A statistically significant difference in sperm concentration was observed between AP (100.0 ± 26.0 × 106 sperm/ml) and MP (220.2 ± 49.8 × 106 sperm/ml); however, both these treatments did not differ from P treatment (180.0 ± 50.7 × 106 sperm/ml). No statistically significant difference was observed among all treatments with regard to erectile function. With regard to ejaculation time, no significant difference was observed between the MP and AP treatments; however, when compared with the P treatment, AP exhibited a significantly higher difference. CONCLUSIONS When collared peccaries were anesthetized with propofol, neither medetomidine nor atipamezole significantly affected the characteristics of the semen or the erectile function, despite the fact that the AP treatment increased ejaculation time. Therefore, the data indicate that using propofol alone is an effective anesthetic protocol for collecting semen in collared peccaries. Other non-injectable anesthetic drugs, such as inhaled anesthetics, may be used in future research to collect semen from peccaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariana L C de Paiva
- Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Animal Surgery, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brazil.
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Oelke M, Gericke A, Michel MC. Cardiovascular and ocular safety of α1-adrenoceptor antagonists in the treatment of male lower urinary tract symptoms. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2014; 13:1187-97. [DOI: 10.1517/14740338.2014.936376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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31
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Male contraception via simultaneous knockout of α1A-adrenoceptors and P2X1-purinoceptors in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:20825-30. [PMID: 24297884 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1318624110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic targets for male contraception are associated with numerous problems due to their focus on disrupting spermatogenesis or hormonal mechanisms to produce dysfunctional sperm. Here we describe the dual genetic deletion of α1A-adrenergic G protein-coupled receptors (adrenoceptors) and P2X1-purinoceptor ligand gated ion channels in male mice, thereby blocking sympathetically mediated sperm transport through the vas deferens during the emission phase of ejaculation. This modification produced 100% infertility without effects on sexual behavior or function. Sperm taken from the cauda epididymides of double knockout mice were microscopically normal and motile. Furthermore, double knockout sperm were capable of producing normal offspring following intracytoplasmic sperm injection into wild-type ova and implantation of the fertilized eggs into foster mothers. Blood pressure and baroreflex function was reduced in double knockout mice, but no more than single knockout of α1A-adrenoceptors alone. These results suggest that this autonomic method of male contraception appears free of major physiological and behavioral side effects. In addition, they provide conclusive proof of concept that pharmacological antagonism of the P2X1-purinoceptor and α1A-adrenoceptor provides a safe and effective therapeutic target for a nonhormonal, readily reversible male contraceptive.
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Koslov DS, Andersson KE. Physiological and pharmacological aspects of the vas deferens-an update. Front Pharmacol 2013; 4:101. [PMID: 23986701 PMCID: PMC3749770 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2013.00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The vas deferens, a muscular conduit conveying spermatozoa from the epididymis to the urethra, has been used as a model tissue for smooth muscle pharmacological and physiological advancements. Many drugs, notably α-adrenergic antagonists, have effects on contractility and thus normal ejaculation, incurring significant side effects for patients that may interfere with compliance. A more thorough understanding of the innervation and neurotransmitter pharmacology of the vas has indicated that this is a highly complex structure and a model for co-transmission at the synapse. Recent models have shown clinical scenarios that alter the vas contraction. This review covers structure, receptors, neurotransmitters, smooth muscle physiology, and clinical implications of the vas deferens.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Koslov
- Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Medical Center Boulevard Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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da Silva Júnior ED, de Souza BP, Rodrigues JQD, Caricati-Neto A, Jurkiewicz A, Jurkiewicz NH. Functional characterization of acetylcholine receptors and calcium signaling in rat testicular capsule contraction. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 714:405-13. [PMID: 23872374 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Revised: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The motor activity of mammalian testicular capsule (TC) contributes to male fertility and infertility, but the acetylcholine receptors related to the contractions induced by cholinergic drugs are poorly known. Indeed to characterize the acetylcholine receptors and cellular signaling by Ca(2+) involved in TC motor activity of rats, the potency of agonists (pD₂) and antagonists (pA₂) of acetylcholine receptors, and effects of Ca(2+) cellular transport blockers on the cholinergic contractions were evaluated. pD₂ values of acetylcholine (5.98) were ten-fold higher than that of carbachol (4.99). Efficacy (Emax) of acetylcholine and carbachol to induce contractions corresponded to 95% and 97% of Emax for KCl, but Emax for nicotine was very low (8% of Emax for KCl). Further, physostigmine did not affect the acetylcholine potency. Contractions induced by acetylcholine or carbachol were antagonized by muscarinic but not nicotinic antagonist. The order of pA₂ values obtained for muscarinic antagonists, namely atropine>4-DAMP>AF-DX116>pirenzepine, corresponded to a typical profile of M3 receptors. Contractions induced by acetylcholine or carbachol were inhibited by blockers of Ca(2+) influx through voltage-dependent calcium channels (nifedipine and Ni(2+)), Ca(2+) reuptake by sarco-endoplasmic reticulum (cyclopiazonic acid) and mitochondria (FCCP). The protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor chelerythrine only affected the acetylcholine-induced contraction. These results suggest that TC motor activity of rats are mediated mainly by M₃ receptors followed by the increase of cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration regulated by voltage-dependent calcium channels, sarco-endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. Furthermore, the differential effects of chelerythrine in the acetylcholine or carbachol-induced contractions are discussed.
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Kikuchi-Utsumi K, Ishizaka M, Matsumura N, Nakaki T. Alpha(1A)-adrenergic control of piloerection and palpebral fissure width in rats. Auton Neurosci 2013; 179:148-50. [PMID: 23701912 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2013.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Revised: 04/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We determined the receptor subtypes of α1-adrenoceptor, which is involved in autonomic functions induced by methamphetamine (METH) in rats. An intraperitoneal injection of METH provoked the autonomic responses piloerection, eyelid retraction, and ejaculation. Pretreatment with prazosin, a nonselective α1-adrenoceptor antagonist, completely abolished the above METH-induced responses. Prazosin also provoked eyelid ptosis in saline controls. The effects of prazosin were mimicked only by a selective α1A-adrenoceptor antagonist, silodosin, not by selective α1B or α1D antagonists. These results suggest that α1A-adrenoceptor participates in the regulation of piloerection, palpebral fissure width, and ejaculation in rats.
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Akinaga J, Lima V, Kiguti LRDA, Hebeler-Barbosa F, Alcántara-Hernández R, García-Sáinz JA, Pupo AS. Differential phosphorylation, desensitization, and internalization of α1A-adrenoceptors activated by norepinephrine and oxymetazoline. Mol Pharmacol 2013; 83:870-81. [PMID: 23364786 DOI: 10.1124/mol.112.082313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of response on repetitive drug exposure (i.e., tachyphylaxis) is a particular problem for the vasoconstrictor effects of medications containing oxymetazoline (OXY), an α1-adrenoceptor (AR) agonist of the imidazoline class. One cause of tachyphylaxis is receptor desensitization, usually accompanied by phosphorylation and internalization. It is well established that α1A-ARs are less phosphorylated, desensitized, and internalized on exposure to the phenethylamines norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine, or phenylephrine (PE) than are the α1B and α1D subtypes. However, here we show in human embryonic kidney-293 cells that the low-efficacy agonist OXY induces G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2-dependent α1A-AR phosphorylation, followed by rapid desensitization and internalization (∼40% internalization after 5 minutes of stimulation), whereas phosphorylation of α1A-ARs exposed to NE depends to a large extent on protein kinase C activity and is not followed by desensitization, and the receptors undergo delayed internalization (∼35% after 60 minutes of stimulation). Native α1A-ARs from rat tail artery and vas deferens are also desensitized by OXY, but not by NE or PE, indicating that this property of OXY is not limited to recombinant receptors expressed in cell systems. The results of the present study are clearly indicative of agonist-directed α1A-AR regulation. OXY shows functional selectivity relative to NE and PE at α1A-ARs, leading to significant receptor desensitization and internalization, which is important in view of the therapeutic vasoconstrictor effects of this drug and the varied biologic process regulated by α1A-ARs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Akinaga
- Department of Pharmacology, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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Investigation of ejaculatory disorder by silodosin in the treatment of prostatic hyperplasia. BMC Urol 2012; 12:29. [PMID: 23082785 PMCID: PMC3507909 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2490-12-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2012] [Accepted: 09/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To assess the ejaculatory disorder caused by silodosin in the prostatic hyperplasia patients who carry out sexual actions (sexual intercourse, masturbation). METHOD The subjects of this study were 91 patients who had been clinically diagnosed to have LUTS/BPH at this hospital, who were administered silodosin at 4 mg twice a day, and who gave response to a questionnaire survey related to ejaculatory disorder. Sexual intercourse and masturbation were regarded as sexual actions in this study. RESULTS Ejaculatory disorder occurred in 38 (42%) of the 91 silodosin administration cases. Forty (44%) of the 91 patients answered that they carried out sexual actions after oral intake of silodosin. When the investigation was conducted only in those who exercised sexual actions, ejaculatory disorder was observed in 38 (95%) of these 40 patients, indicating a high incidence. When asked if disturbed by the ejaculatory disorder, 29 (76%) of the 38 patients who had ejaculatory disorder answered yes. Oral silodosin was discontinued due to the ejaculatory disorder in 2 (5%) of these patients. On the whole, the discontinuation rate of oral silodosin was 2% (2/91 patients). CONCLUSION It was demonstrated that the administration of silodosin induced ejaculatory disorder at a high incidence. Since it is possible that the high frequency of ejaculatory disorder by silodosin may reduce QOL, it is considered necessary to provide sufficient information related to ejaculatory disorder at the time of treatment with silodosin.
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A meta-analysis of efficacy and safety of the new α1A-adrenoceptor-selective antagonist silodosin for treating lower urinary tract symptoms associated with BPH. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2012; 16:79-84. [PMID: 22986578 DOI: 10.1038/pcan.2012.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently several clinical trials have focused on the efficacy and safety of silodosin, a new, highly selective α1A-blocker. We tried to verify silodosin's superiority to placebo and non-inferiority to tamsulosin in treating patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) associated with BPH. METHODS All randomized placebo- and active- controlled trials with silodosin were included systematically using Medline, Embase and The Cochrane Library. Primary outcome was International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and IPSS subsores; secondary outcomes were peak urinary flow rate (Q(max)), quality of life (QoL) and primary adverse events (AEs) included retrograde ejaculation, dizziness and headache. RESULTS The data of the included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were collected, extracted, and assessed by our protocol. Five RCTs including a total of 2595 patients were identified. Meta-analysis indicated that silodosin achieved significant improvement versus placebo in total IPSS, in IPSS subscores, and in Q(max); silodosin showed a greater improvement in voiding symptoms than tamsulosin, and a higher incidence of retrograde ejaculation than placebo and tamsulosin. No significant differences were observed in total IPSS, in IPSS storage symptoms, in Q(max) and in QoL when compared with tamsulosin. Silodosin was associated with the same low incidence of dizziness and headache with placebo and tamsulosin. CONCLUSIONS Silodosin is an effective and well-tolerated treatment for both voiding and storage symptoms in patients with LUTS associated with BPH. Despite with increased retrograde ejaculation, its overall efficacy is not inferior to tamsulosin, while at the same time being possibly superior to tamsulosin.
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Wang J, Zhao Y, Jiang SB, Xia QH, Wei CX, Wang MW, Sun P, Jin XB. Assessment of tamsulosin as a potential male contraceptive in healthy volunteers. Urology 2012; 80:614-7. [PMID: 22840866 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2012.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2011] [Revised: 05/17/2012] [Accepted: 06/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the efficacy and safety of tamsulosin, an α(1A)-adrenoceptor antagonist, as a potential male contraceptive. METHODS Forty healthy male volunteers were equally divided into 2 groups, each of which received placebo and tamsulosin sequentially in a crossover manner. Ejaculatory profile was examined 4 to 6 hours after administration and adverse effects were noted. RESULTS Anejaculation occurred in all subjects after taking 0.8-mg of tamsulosin. Total functional sperm count was significantly reduced in subjects after taking 0.4-mg of tamsulosin. Six subjects receiving 0.8-mg of tamsulosin complained of tolerated discomfort, which disappeared 10 hours after administration. CONCLUSION When administered at 0.8 mg, tamsulosin can cause anejaculation with some transient side effects. Our results imply that tamsulosin and related drugs might potentially be used as male contraceptive agents in the future, which needs more studies to verify.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Urology Center, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong Province, China
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39
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Mitropoulos D, Patris E, Deliconstantinos G, Kyroudi-Voulgari A, Anastasiou I, Perea D. Terazosin-induced alterations in catalase expression and lipid peroxidation in the rat seminal vesicles. Andrologia 2012; 45:128-34. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0272.2012.01324.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D. Mitropoulos
- Department of Urology; University of Athens Medical School; Athens; Greece
| | - E. Patris
- Department of Urology; University of Thrace Medical School; Alexandroupolis; Greece
| | - G. Deliconstantinos
- Department of Experimental Physiology; University of Athens Medical School; Athens; Greece
| | - A. Kyroudi-Voulgari
- Department of Histology & Embryology; University of Athens Medical School; Athens; Greece
| | - I. Anastasiou
- Department of Urology; University of Athens Medical School; Athens; Greece
| | - D. Perea
- Department of Experimental Surgery & Surgical Research; University of Athens Medical School; Athens; Greece
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40
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de Almeida Kiguti LR, Pupo AS. Investigation of the Effects of α1‐Adrenoceptor Antagonism and L‐Type Calcium Channel Blockade on Ejaculation and Vas Deferens and Seminal Vesicle Contractility In Vitro. J Sex Med 2012; 9:159-68. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02410.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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41
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Pontes DA, Fernandes GSA, Piffer RC, Gerardin DCC, Pereira OCM, Kempinas WG. Ejaculatory dysfunction in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: the role of testosterone. Pharmacol Rep 2011; 63:130-8. [PMID: 21441620 DOI: 10.1016/s1734-1140(11)70407-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2010] [Revised: 05/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Hyperglycemic and hypoinsulinemic states caused by diabetes mellitus are usually related to some type of sexual dysfunction, resulting in infertility in humans and experimental models, mostly due to their effects on ejaculatory function. This study aimed to evaluate the possible role of testosterone in the restoration of normal ejaculatory function in diabetic rats. Male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into 3 experimental groups: control, diabetic (streptozotocin), and diabetic with testosterone supplementation (streptozotocin plus testosterone). The following parameters were assessed at the end of the experiment: body weight, circulating testosterone levels, number of spermatozoa ejaculated in the uterus through natural mating, and weight and in vitro isometric contractions of the vas deferens. Diabetic rats showed reduced plasma testosterone levels and ejaculatory dysfunction as observed by a lack in the spermatozoa ejaculated into the uterus of receptive females. In these diabetic rats, no difference was observed in the sensitivity of the vas deferens to norepinephrine, with or without the presence of the cocktail (cocaine plus propranolol). In spite of this, an increased sensitivity to methoxamine through the α1-adrenoceptor was observed. Testosterone supplementation did not restore these parameters to control values.We conclude that, in this experimental model, the lack of testosterone was not directly related to the diabetes-induced ejaculatory dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davi A Pontes
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Structural Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Brazil
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42
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Medina P, Segarra G, Mauricio MD, Vila JM, Chuan P, Lluch S. Role of Ca2+-activated K+ channels and Na+,K+-ATPase in prostaglandin E1- and E2-induced inhibition of the adrenergic response in human vas deferens. Biochem Pharmacol 2011; 82:65-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2011] [Revised: 03/21/2011] [Accepted: 03/22/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Yoshida M, Kudoh J, Homma Y, Kawabe K. Safety and efficacy of silodosin for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Clin Interv Aging 2011; 6:161-72. [PMID: 21753871 PMCID: PMC3131986 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s13803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) are highly prevalent in older men. Medical therapy is the first-line treatment for LUTS associated with BPH. Mainstays in the treatment of male LUTS and clinical BPH are the α(1)-adrenergic receptor antagonists. Silodosin is a new α(1)-adrenergic receptor antagonist that is selective for the α(1A)-adrenergic receptor. By antagonizing α(1A)-adrenergic receptors in the prostate and urethra, silodosin causes smooth muscle relaxation in the lower urinary tract. Since silodosin has greater affinity for the α(1A)-adrenergic receptor than for the α(1B)-adrenergic receptor, it minimizes the propensity for blood pressure-related adverse effects caused by α(1B)-adrenergic receptor blockade. In the clinical studies, patients receiving silodosin at a total daily dose of 8 mg exhibited significant improvements in the International Prostate Symptom Score and maximum urinary flow rate compared with those receiving placebo. Silodosin showed early onset of efficacy for both voiding and storage symptoms. Furthermore, long-term safety of silodosin was also demonstrated. Retrograde or abnormal ejaculation was the most commonly reported adverse effect. The incidence of orthostatic hypotension was low. In conclusion, silodosin, a novel selective α(1A)-adrenergic receptor antagonist, was effective in general and without obtrusive side effects. This review provides clear evidence in support of the clinical usefulness of silodosin in the treatment of LUTS associated with BPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Yoshida
- Department of Medical Informatics, University of Tokyo, Japan.
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44
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Agbor LN, Elased KM, Walker MK. Endothelial cell-specific aryl hydrocarbon receptor knockout mice exhibit hypotension mediated, in part, by an attenuated angiotensin II responsiveness. Biochem Pharmacol 2011; 82:514-23. [PMID: 21684261 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2011] [Revised: 05/27/2011] [Accepted: 06/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Hypotension in aryl hydrocarbon receptor knockout mice (ahr(-/-)) is mediated, in part, by a reduced contribution of angiotensin (Ang) II to basal blood pressure (BP). Since AHR is highly expressed in endothelial cells (EC), we hypothesized that EC-specific ahr(-/-) (ECahr(-/-)) mice would exhibit a similar phenotype. We generated ECahr(-/-) mice by crossing AHR floxed mice (ahr(fx/fx)) to mice expressing Cre recombinase driven by an EC-specific promoter. BP was assessed by radiotelemetry prior to and following an acute injection of Ang II or chronic treatment with an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi). ECahr(-/-) mice were hypotensive (ECahr(+/+): 116.1±1.4; ECahr(-/-): 107.4±2.0 mmHg, n=11, p<0.05) and exhibited significantly different responses to Ang II and ACEi. While Ang II increased BP in both genotypes, the increase was sustained in ECahr(+/+), whereas the increase in ECahr(-/-) mice steadily declined. Area under the curve analysis showed that Ang II-induced increase in diastolic BP (DBP) over 30 min was significantly lower in ECahr(-/-) mice (ECahr(+/+) 1297±223 mmHg/30 min; ECahr(-/-)(AUC): 504±138 mmHg/30 min, p<0.05). In contrast, while ACEi decreased BP in both genotypes, the subsequent rise in DBP after treatment was significantly delayed in the ECahr(-/-) mice. ECahr(-/-) mice also exhibited reduced vascular and adipose Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1R) expression, and reduced aortic Ang II-dependent vasoconstriction in the presence of vascular adipose. Taken together these data suggest that hypotension in ECahr(-/-) mice results from reduced vascular responsiveness to Ang II that is influenced by AT1R expression and adipose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larry N Agbor
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
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45
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Chapple CR, Montorsi F, Tammela TL, Wirth M, Koldewijn E, Fernández Fernández E. Silodosin Therapy for Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Men with Suspected Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Results of an International, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo- and Active-Controlled Clinical Trial Performed in Europe. Eur Urol 2011; 59:342-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2010.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2010] [Accepted: 10/31/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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46
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Abdel-Hamid IA, Andersson KE, Salonia A. Exploration of therapeutic targets for sexual dysfunctions: lessons learned from the failed stories. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2011; 15:325-40. [DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2011.551008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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47
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Modulation of Adrenergic Responses of Human Vas Deferens by K+ Channel Inhibitors. Urology 2010; 76:1518.e7-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2010.07.475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2010] [Revised: 06/01/2010] [Accepted: 07/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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48
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Homma Y, Kawabe K, Takeda M, Yoshida M. Ejaculation Disorder Is Associated With Increased Efficacy of Silodosin for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Urology 2010; 76:1446-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2010.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2009] [Revised: 02/23/2010] [Accepted: 03/01/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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49
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Zhang N, Agbor LN, Scott JA, Zalobowski T, Elased KM, Trujillo A, Duke MS, Wolf V, Walsh MT, Born JL, Felton LA, Wang J, Wang W, Kanagy NL, Walker MK. An activated renin-angiotensin system maintains normal blood pressure in aryl hydrocarbon receptor heterozygous mice but not in null mice. Biochem Pharmacol 2010; 80:197-204. [PMID: 20359465 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2010.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2009] [Revised: 03/17/2010] [Accepted: 03/23/2010] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
It has been postulated that fetal vascular abnormalities in aryl hydrocarbon receptor null (ahr(-/-)) mice may alter cardiovascular homeostasis in adulthood. We tested the hypothesis that blood pressure regulation in adult heterozygous mice (ahr(+/-)) would be normal, compared to ahr(-/-) mice, since no vascular abnormalities have been reported in the heterozygote animals. Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) was measured using radiotelemetry prior to and during treatment with inhibitors of the autonomic nervous system, nitric oxide synthase (NOS), angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), or endothelin-1 A receptor (ET(A)). Also, indices of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) activation were measured. ahr(+/-) and ahr(-/-) mice were normotensive and hypotensive, respectively, compared to wild-type (ahr(+/+)) littermates. Responses of all genotypes to autonomic nervous system inhibition were normal. ahr(+/-) mice responded normally to NOS inhibition, while the responses of ahr(-/-) mice were significantly blunted. In contrast, ahr(+/-) mice were significantly more responsive to inhibition of ACE, an ET(A) antagonist, or both, while ahr(-/-) mice were significantly less responsive to ACE inhibition and more responsive to an ET(A) antagonist. ahr(+/-) mice also exhibited significant increases in plasma renin and ACE activity, plasma sodium, and urine osmolality, indicative of RAS activation. Thus, normotension in ahr(+/-) mice appears to be maintained by increased RAS and ET-1 signaling, while hypotension in ahr(-/-) mice may result from decreased RAS signaling. In conclusion, despite the lack of overt fetal vascular abnormalities in ahr(+/-) mice, the loss of a single ahr allele has a significant effect on blood pressure regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, 87131, USA
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Methven L, Simpson PC, McGrath JC. Alpha1A/B-knockout mice explain the native alpha1D-adrenoceptor's role in vasoconstriction and show that its location is independent of the other alpha1-subtypes. Br J Pharmacol 2010; 158:1663-75. [PMID: 19888965 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00462.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Theoretically, three alpha(1)-adrenoceptor subtypes can interact at the signalling level to alter vascular contraction or at the molecular level to alter each other's cellular location. The alpha(1A/B)-adrenoceptor knockout mouse (alpha(1A/B)-KO) was used to study the isolated alpha(1D)-adrenoceptor to consider these potential interactions in native tissue. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Pharmacological analysis of carotid and mesenteric arteries employed wire myography and fluorescent ligand binding (alpha(1)-adrenoceptor ligand BODIPY FL-prazosin, QAPB). KEY RESULTS alpha(1A/B)-KO carotid had clear alpha(1D)-adrenoceptor-induced contractions. In WT carotid alpha(1D)-adrenoceptor dominated but all three alpha(1)-subtypes participated. alpha(1A/B)-KO mesenteric had alpha(1D)-adrenoceptor responses with high sensitivity and small maximum, explaining how alpha(1D)-adrenoceptor could determine agonist sensitivity in WT. In both arteries alpha(1A/B)-KO fluorescence levels were reduced but pharmacologically more consistent with 'pure'alpha(1D)-adrenoceptors. alpha(1D)-Adrenoceptor binding in alpha(1A/B)-KO was observed on the cell surface and intracellularly and was present in a high proportion of smooth-muscle cells in both strains, regardless of artery type. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS 'Pure'alpha(1D)-adrenoceptor pharmacology in alpha(1A/B)-KO provides a quantitative standard. Functionally, the alpha(1D)- and alpha(1A)-adrenoceptors produce additive responses and do not significantly compensate for each other. alpha(1D)-Adrenoceptor contributes to sensitivity even in resistance arteries. In alpha(1A/B)-KO, the loss of alpha(1A)- and alpha(1B)-adrenoceptors is reflected by a general decrease in fluorescence, but similar binding distribution to WT indicates that the alpha(1D)-adrenoceptor location in native smooth-muscle cells is not influenced by other alpha(1)-adrenoceptors. Equivalent levels of receptors did not correspond to equivalent responses. In conclusion, alpha(1)-subtypes do not interact but provide independent alternative signals for vascular regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Methven
- Integrative and Systems Biology, Faculty of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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