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Ropa J, Van't Hof W. The fulfilled promise and unmet potential of umbilical cord blood. Curr Opin Hematol 2024; 31:168-174. [PMID: 38602152 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Here, we review classic and emerging uses of umbilical cord blood and highlight strategies to improve its utility, focusing on selection of the appropriate units and cell types for the intended applications. RECENT LITERATURE Recent studies have shown advancements in cord blood cell utility in a variety of cellular therapies and have made strides in elucidating manners to select the best units for therapy and target new ways to improve the various cell subpopulations for their respective applications. SUMMARY Umbilical cord blood is a proven source of cells for hematopoietic cell transplantation and research and is an important potential source for additional cellular therapies. However, cord blood utility is limited by low "doses" of potent cells that can be obtained from individual units, a limitation that is specific to cord blood as a donor source. In addition to traditional CD34 + progenitor cells, cord blood lymphocytes are being pursued as therapeutic entities with their own unique properties and characteristics. Thus, selection of ideal units depends on the intended therapeutic entity and target, and identification of differential potency parameters is critical to drive effective banking strategies accommodating successful clinical use of cord blood in broader cell therapy settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Ropa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
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Chen Z, Hu Y, Mei H. Advances in CAR-Engineered Immune Cell Generation: Engineering Approaches and Sourcing Strategies. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2303215. [PMID: 37906032 PMCID: PMC10724421 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has emerged as a highly efficacious treatment modality for refractory and relapsed hematopoietic malignancies in recent years. Furthermore, CAR technologies for cancer immunotherapy have expanded from CAR-T to CAR-natural killer cell (CAR-NK), CAR-cytokine-induced killer cell (CAR-CIK), and CAR-macrophage (CAR-MΦ) therapy. Nevertheless, the high cost and complex manufacturing processes of ex vivo generation of autologous CAR products have hampered broader application. There is an urgent need to develop an efficient and economical paradigm shift for exploring new sourcing strategies and engineering approaches toward generating CAR-engineered immune cells to benefit cancer patients. Currently, researchers are actively investigating various strategies to optimize the preparation and sourcing of these potent immunotherapeutic agents. In this work, the latest research progress is summarized. Perspectives on the future of CAR-engineered immune cell manufacturing are provided, and the engineering approaches, and diverse sources used for their development are focused upon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaozhao Chen
- Institute of HematologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology1277 Jiefang AvenueWuhanHubei430022China
- Hubei Clinical Medical Center of Cell Therapy for Neoplastic DiseaseWuhan430022China
| | - Yu Hu
- Institute of HematologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology1277 Jiefang AvenueWuhanHubei430022China
- Hubei Clinical Medical Center of Cell Therapy for Neoplastic DiseaseWuhan430022China
| | - Heng Mei
- Institute of HematologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology1277 Jiefang AvenueWuhanHubei430022China
- Hubei Clinical Medical Center of Cell Therapy for Neoplastic DiseaseWuhan430022China
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Wang J, Metheny L. Umbilical cord blood derived cellular therapy: advances in clinical development. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1167266. [PMID: 37274288 PMCID: PMC10232824 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1167266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
While cord blood (CB) is primarily utilized in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), the development of novel cell therapy products from CB is a growing and developing field. Compared to adult blood, CB is characterized by a higher percentage of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and progenitor cells, less mature immune cells that retain a high capacity of proliferation, and stronger immune tolerance that requires less stringent HLA-matching when used in the allogenic setting. Given that CB is an FDA regulated product and along with its unique cellular composition, CB lends itself as a readily available and safe starting material for the development of off-the-shelf cell therapies. Moreover, non-hematologic cells such as mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) residing in CB or CB tissue also have potential in regenerative medicine and inflammatory and autoimmune conditions. In this review, we will focus on recent clinical development on CB-derived cellular therapies in the field of oncology, including T-cell therapies such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells, regulatory T-cells, and virus-specific T-cells; NK-cell therapies, such as NK cell engagers and CAR NK-cells; CB-HCT and various modifications; as well as applications of MSCs in HCT.
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Nollmann C, Wimmenauer C, Fasbender S, Mayer S, Caddedu RP, Jäger P, Heinzel T, Haas R. Uptake of carbon nanodots into human AML cells in comparison to primary hematopoietic cells. RSC Adv 2021; 11:26303-26310. [PMID: 35479430 PMCID: PMC9037386 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05033h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon nanodots (CNDs) comprise a class of next generation nanomaterials with a wide variety of potential applications. Here, we report on their uptake into primary hematopoietic cells from three normal donors and malignant cells from five patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML). A significant CND uptake was observed in all cell types of the normal and leukemic cells. Still, the uptake was significantly smaller for the CD34+ and CD33+ myeloid subsets of the malignant cell population as compared to the normal blood-derived CD34+ and CD33+ cells. For the T and B lymphoid cell populations as defined by CD3 and CD19 within the leukemic and normal samples a similar uptake was observed. The CNDs accumulate preferentially in small clusters in the periphery of the nucleus as already shown in previous studies for CD34+ progenitor/stem cells and human breast cancer cells. This particular subcellular localization could be useful for targeting the lysosomal compartment, which plays a pivotal role in the context of autophagy associated survival of AML cells. Our results demonstrate the usability of CNDs beyond their application for in vitro and in vivo fluorescence labeling or drug delivery into normal and malignant cells. Carbon nanodots (CNDs) comprise a class of next generation nanomaterials with a wide variety of potential applications.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathrin Nollmann
- Condensed Matter Physics Laboratory, Heinrich-Heine-University 40204 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Christian Wimmenauer
- Condensed Matter Physics Laboratory, Heinrich-Heine-University 40204 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Stefan Fasbender
- Condensed Matter Physics Laboratory, Heinrich-Heine-University 40204 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Saskia Mayer
- Department of Haematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Heinrich-Heine-University 40204 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Ron-Patrick Caddedu
- Department of Haematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Heinrich-Heine-University 40204 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Paul Jäger
- Department of Haematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Heinrich-Heine-University 40204 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Thomas Heinzel
- Condensed Matter Physics Laboratory, Heinrich-Heine-University 40204 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Rainer Haas
- Department of Haematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Heinrich-Heine-University 40204 Düsseldorf Germany
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Minculescu L, Sengelov H, Marquart HV, Ryder LP, Fischer-Nielsen A, Haastrup E. Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Effectively Mobilizes TCR γδ and NK Cells Providing an Allograft Potentially Enhanced for the Graft-Versus-Leukemia Effect for Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:625165. [PMID: 33777007 PMCID: PMC7988077 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.625165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a potential cure for patients with hematological malignancies but substantial risks of recurrence of the malignant disease remain. TCR γδ and NK cells are perceived as potent innate effector cells in HSCT and have been associated with post-transplant protection from relapse in clinical studies. Immunocompetent cells from the donor are crucial for patient outcomes and peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) are being increasingly applied as graft source. G-CSF is the preferential mobilizing agent in healthy donors for PBSC grafts, yet effects of G-CSF on TCR γδ and NK cells are scarcely uncovered and could influence the graft composition and potency of these cells. Therefore, we analyzed T and NK cell subsets and activation markers in peripheral blood samples of 49 donors before and after G-CSF mobilization and—for a subset of donors—also in the corresponding graft samples using multicolor flowcytometry with staining for CD3, CD4, CD8, TCRαβ, TCRγδ, Vδ1, Vδ2, HLA-DR, CD45RA, CD197, CD45RO, HLA-DR, CD16, CD56, and CD314. We found that TCR γδ cells were mobilized and harvested with an efficiency corresponding that of TCR αβ cells. For TCR γδ as well as for TCR αβ cells, G-CSF preferentially mobilized naïve and terminally differentiated effector (TEMRA) cells over memory cells. In the TCR γδ cell compartment, G-CSF preferentially mobilized cells of the nonVδ2 types and increased the fraction of HLA-DR positive TCR γδ cells. For NK cells, mobilization by G-CSF was increased compared to that of T cells, yet NK cells appeared to be less efficiently harvested than T cells. In the NK cell compartment, G-CSF-stimulation preserved the proportion of CD56dim NK effector cells which have been associated with relapse protection. The expression of the activating receptor NKG2D implied in anti-leukemic responses, was significantly increased in both CD56dim and CD56bright NK cells after G-CSF stimulation. These results indicate differentiated mobilization and altering properties of G-CSF which could improve the effects of donor TCR γδ and NK cells in the processes of graft-versus-leukemia for relapse prevention after HSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lia Minculescu
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Sengelov
- Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne Vibeke Marquart
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Peter Ryder
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Fischer-Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eva Haastrup
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Iemura T, Arai Y, Kanda J, Kitawaki T, Hishizawa M, Kondo T, Yamashita K, Takaori-Kondo A. Impact of HLA class I allele-level mismatch on viral infection within 100 days after cord blood transplantation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21150. [PMID: 33273656 PMCID: PMC7713055 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78259-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral infection is more frequently reported in cord blood transplantation (CBT) than in transplantation of other stem cell sources, but its precise mechanism related to antiviral host defenses has not been elucidated yet. To evaluate the effect of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I allele-level incompatibility on viral infection in CBT, we conducted a single-center retrospective study. Total 94 patients were included, and viral infections were detected in 32 patients (34%) within 100 days after CBT. HLA-C mismatches in graft-versus-host direction showed a significantly higher incidence of viral infection (hazard ratio (HR), 3.67; p = 0.01), while mismatches in HLA-A, -B, or -DRB1 were not significant. Overall HLA class I mismatch was also a significant risk factor and the predictor of post-CBT viral infection (≥ 3 mismatches, HR 2.38, p = 0.02), probably due to the insufficient cytotoxic T cell recognition and dendritic cell priming. Patients with viral infection had significantly worse overall survival (52.7% vs. 72.1%; p = 0.02), and higher non-relapse mortality (29.3% vs. 9.8%; p = 0.01) at 5 years. Our findings suggest that appropriate graft selection as well as prophylaxis and early intervention for viral infection in such high-risk patients with ≥ 3 HLA class I allele-level mismatches, including HLA-C, may improve CBT outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Iemura
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Kyoto University, 54, Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Arai
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Kyoto University, 54, Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan. .,Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54, Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Junya Kanda
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Kyoto University, 54, Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Toshio Kitawaki
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Kyoto University, 54, Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masakatsu Hishizawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Kyoto University, 54, Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Tadakazu Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Kyoto University, 54, Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kouhei Yamashita
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Kyoto University, 54, Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Kyoto University, 54, Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
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Fujiwara Y, Matsuoka KI, Iwamoto M, Sumii Y, Abe M, Mizuhara K, Urata T, Saeki K, Meguri Y, Asada N, Ennishi D, Nishimori H, Fujii K, Fujii N, Sugita J, Kobayashi H, Oto T, Maeda Y. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in a prior lung transplant recipient. Int J Hematol 2020; 112:871-877. [PMID: 32803699 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-020-02967-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Hematological diseases after solid organ transplant (SOT) are an emerging issue as the number of long-term SOT survivors increases. Expertise in managing patients requiring allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) after SOT from independent donors is needed; however, clinical reports of HSCT after SOT are limited, and the feasibility and risk are not well understood. In particular, HSCT in prior lung transplant recipients is thought to be complicated as the lung is immunologically distinct and is constantly exposed to the surrounding environment. Herein, we describe a case of successful HSCT in a patient with myelodysplastic syndromes who had previously received a lung transplant from a deceased donor for bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome. Reports about cases of HSCT after lung transplant are quite rare; thus, we discuss the mechanisms of immune tolerance through the clinical course of our case. This case suggests that HSCT after SOT can be considered a therapeutic option in cases where the transplanted organ is functionally retained and the hematological disease is in remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Fujiwara
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikatacho, Kita-ku, Okayama-city, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Matsuoka
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikatacho, Kita-ku, Okayama-city, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Miki Iwamoto
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikatacho, Kita-ku, Okayama-city, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yuichi Sumii
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikatacho, Kita-ku, Okayama-city, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Masaya Abe
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikatacho, Kita-ku, Okayama-city, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Kentaro Mizuhara
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikatacho, Kita-ku, Okayama-city, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Urata
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikatacho, Kita-ku, Okayama-city, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Kyosuke Saeki
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikatacho, Kita-ku, Okayama-city, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yusuke Meguri
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikatacho, Kita-ku, Okayama-city, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Noboru Asada
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikatacho, Kita-ku, Okayama-city, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ennishi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikatacho, Kita-ku, Okayama-city, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Hisakazu Nishimori
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikatacho, Kita-ku, Okayama-city, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Keiko Fujii
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikatacho, Kita-ku, Okayama-city, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Nobuharu Fujii
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikatacho, Kita-ku, Okayama-city, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Junichi Sugita
- Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hajime Kobayashi
- Department of Hematology, Obihiro Kosei Hospital, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Takahiro Oto
- Department of Organ Transplant Center, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Maeda
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikatacho, Kita-ku, Okayama-city, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
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Garnier A, Guillaume T, Peterlin P, Le Bourgeois A, Mahé B, Dubruille V, Blin N, Touzeau C, Gastinne T, Lok A, Tessoulin B, Duquesne A, Eveillard M, Le Gouill S, Moreau P, Béné MC, Chevallier P. Absence of influence of peripheral blood CD34+ and CD3+ graft cell counts on outcomes after reduced-intensity conditioning transplantation using post-transplant cyclophosphamide. Ann Hematol 2020; 99:1341-1350. [DOI: 10.1007/s00277-020-04031-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Hattori N, Saito B, Sasaki Y, Shimada S, Murai S, Abe M, Baba Y, Watanuki M, Fujiwara S, Kawaguchi Y, Arai N, Kabasawa N, Tsukamoto H, Uto Y, Ariizumi H, Yanagisawa K, Harada H, Nakamaki T. Status of Natural Killer Cell Recovery in Day 21 Bone Marrow after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Predicts Clinical Outcome. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2018; 24:1841-1847. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Matsuoka Y, Nakamura F, Hatanaka K, Fujioka T, Otani S, Kimura T, Fujimura Y, Asano H, Sonoda Y. The number of CD34 +CD133 + hematopoietic stem cells residing in umbilical cord blood (UCB) units is not correlated with the numbers of total nucleated cells and CD34 + cells: a possible new indicator for quality evaluation of UCB units. Int J Hematol 2018; 108:571-579. [PMID: 30046987 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-018-2502-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) is often associated with delayed neutrophil and platelet recovery. Engraftment failure is another major obstacle. Several factors influence these serious complications, including the numbers of total nucleated cells (TNCs) and CD34+ cells which have been used as reliable factors for selecting UCB units for transplantation. However, whether both factors are reliable indices of the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) activity of UCB units remains unknown. To evaluate the quality of UCB units, we quantified the actual number of transplantable CD34+CD133+ HSCs (tHSCs) residing in UCB units. The number of tHSCs was not correlated with the numbers of TNCs or CD34+ cells. These results strongly suggest that neither factor reflects the numbers of tHSCs residing in UCB units. To validate the significance of the number of tHSCs, further analysis is required to determine whether the number of tHSCs residing in UCB units is useful as a new indicator for the quality assessment of UCB units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshikazu Matsuoka
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Nakamura
- Clinical Development and Operations, Product Development Department, Bayer Yakuhin, Ltd, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuo Hatanaka
- Department of Hematology, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Fujioka
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Satoshi Otani
- Japanese Red Cross Kinki Block Blood Center, Osaka, Japan
| | | | | | - Hiroaki Asano
- Graduate School of Nursing for Health Care Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Sonoda
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan.
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11
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Kriegsmann K, Löffler H, Eckstein V, Schulz R, Kräker S, Braun U, Luft T, Hegenbart U, Schönland S, Dreger P, Krämer A, Ho AD, Müller-Tidow C, Hundemer M. CD7 is expressed on a subset of normal CD34-positive myeloid precursors. Eur J Haematol 2018; 101:318-325. [PMID: 29797671 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.13100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To improve monitoring of myeloid neoplasms by flow cytometry-based minimal residual disease (MRD) analysis, we analyzed the significance of leukemia-associated immunophenotype (LAIP) markers in 44 patients. METHODS In a pilot study cohort, peripheral blood or bone marrow samples from 13 patients with myeloid neoplasms and one case of B lymphoblastic leukemia in complete hematologic remission after allogeneic bone marrow or stem cell transplantation were subjected to selection for leukemia-specific phenotypes by fluorescence-activated cell sorting using individual marker combinations, followed by PCR-based chimerism analysis. RESULTS The feasibility of this method could be demonstrated, with selection being successful in 12 cases, including two cases where mixed chimerism was found exclusively in sorted cells. Interestingly, four specimens displayed full donor chimerism in cells expressing the presumably aberrant combination CD34+ /CD7+ . Further analyses, including assessment of an independent cohort of 25 patients not affected by neoplastic bone marrow infiltration, revealed that normal myeloid precursors usually include a population coexpressing CD34, CD13, CD33, and CD7. CONCLUSION We conclude that the combination CD34+ /CD7+ might not be suitable as an LAIP for MRD diagnostics and that a subset of normal myeloid precursors in the bone marrow expresses CD7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Kriegsmann
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Harald Löffler
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Volker Eckstein
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Renate Schulz
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sandra Kräker
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ute Braun
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Luft
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ute Hegenbart
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Schönland
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Dreger
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alwin Krämer
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anthony D Ho
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carsten Müller-Tidow
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Hundemer
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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12
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Zhang C, Wang Z, Yang Z, Wang M, Li S, Li Y, Zhang R, Xiong Z, Wei Z, Shen J, Luo Y, Zhang Q, Liu L, Qin H, Liu W, Wu F, Chen W, Pan F, Zhang X, Bie P, Liang H, Pecher G, Qian C. Phase I Escalating-Dose Trial of CAR-T Therapy Targeting CEA + Metastatic Colorectal Cancers. Mol Ther 2017; 25:1248-1258. [PMID: 28366766 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2017.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 293] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells have shown promising efficacy in treatment of hematological malignancies, but its applications in solid tumors need further exploration. In this study, we investigated CAR-T therapy targeting carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA)-positive colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with metastases to evaluate its safety and efficacy. Five escalating dose levels (DLs) (1 × 105 to 1 × 108/CAR+/kg cells) of CAR-T were applied in 10 CRC patients. Our data showed that severe adverse events related to CAR-T therapy were not observed. Of the 10 patients, 7 patients who experienced progressive disease (PD) in previous treatments had stable disease after CAR-T therapy. Two patients remained with stable disease for more than 30 weeks, and two patients showed tumor shrinkage by positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) and MRI analysis, respectively. Decline of serum CEA level was apparent in most patients even in long-term observation. Furthermore, we observed persistence of CAR-T cells in peripheral blood of patients receiving high doses of CAR-T therapy. Importantly, we observed CAR-T cell proliferation especially in patients after a second CAR-T therapy. Taken together, we demonstrated that CEA CAR-T cell therapy was well tolerated in CEA+ CRC patients even in high doses, and some efficacy was observed in most of the treated patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Zhang
- Center of Biotherapy, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China; Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Oncology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Center of Biotherapy, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Meiling Wang
- Center of Biotherapy, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shiqi Li
- Center of Biotherapy, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yunyan Li
- Center of Biotherapy, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Center of Biotherapy, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhouxing Xiong
- Center of Biotherapy, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhihao Wei
- Center of Biotherapy, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Junjie Shen
- Center of Biotherapy, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yongli Luo
- Center of Biotherapy, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Qianzhen Zhang
- Center of Biotherapy, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Limei Liu
- Center of Biotherapy, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China; Department of Pathology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Hong Qin
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Department of Pathology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Radiology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Feng Pan
- Department of Oncology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xianquan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ping Bie
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Houjie Liang
- Department of Oncology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Gabriele Pecher
- Medical Clinic of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, CCM, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Cheng Qian
- Center of Biotherapy, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
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Solves P, Saus A, Osorio J, Gómez-Seguí I, Carpio N, Sanz GF, Sanz MÁ. Isohaemagglutinin production after minor ABO incompatible umbilical cord blood transplantation. Transfus Med 2017; 27:147-149. [DOI: 10.1111/tme.12386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Solves
- Blood Bank, Hematology Service; Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe; Valencia Spain
| | - A. Saus
- Blood Bank, Hematology Service; Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe; Valencia Spain
| | - J. Osorio
- Blood Bank, Hematology Service; Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe; Valencia Spain
| | - I. Gómez-Seguí
- Blood Bank, Hematology Service; Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe; Valencia Spain
| | - N. Carpio
- Blood Bank, Hematology Service; Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe; Valencia Spain
| | - G. F. Sanz
- Blood Bank, Hematology Service; Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe; Valencia Spain
| | - M. Á. Sanz
- Blood Bank, Hematology Service; Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe; Valencia Spain
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14
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Fasbender S, Allani S, Wimmenauer C, Cadeddu RP, Raba K, Fischer JC, Bulat B, Luysberg M, Seidel CA, Heinzel T, Haas R. Uptake dynamics of graphene quantum dots into primary human blood cells following in vitro exposure. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra27829a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Human leukocytes obtained from samples of leukapheresis products of three healthy donors stimulated by granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) were exposed to graphene quantum dots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Fasbender
- Condensed Matter Physics Laboratory
- Heinrich-Heine-University
- 40204 Düsseldorf
- Germany
| | - Sonja Allani
- Condensed Matter Physics Laboratory
- Heinrich-Heine-University
- 40204 Düsseldorf
- Germany
| | - Christian Wimmenauer
- Condensed Matter Physics Laboratory
- Heinrich-Heine-University
- 40204 Düsseldorf
- Germany
| | - Ron-Patrick Cadeddu
- Department of Haematology
- Oncology and Clinical Immunology
- Heinrich-Heine-University
- 40204 Düsseldorf
- Germany
| | - Katharina Raba
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics
- Heinrich-Heine-University
- 40204 Düsseldorf
- Germany
| | - Johannes C. Fischer
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics
- Heinrich-Heine-University
- 40204 Düsseldorf
- Germany
| | - Bekir Bulat
- Institute of Molecular Physical Chemistry
- Heinrich-Heine-University
- 40204 Düsseldorf
- Germany
| | | | - Claus A. M. Seidel
- Institute of Molecular Physical Chemistry
- Heinrich-Heine-University
- 40204 Düsseldorf
- Germany
| | - Thomas Heinzel
- Condensed Matter Physics Laboratory
- Heinrich-Heine-University
- 40204 Düsseldorf
- Germany
| | - Rainer Haas
- Department of Haematology
- Oncology and Clinical Immunology
- Heinrich-Heine-University
- 40204 Düsseldorf
- Germany
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15
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Exploratory research for optimal GvHD prophylaxis after single unit CBT in adults: short-term methotrexate reduced the incidence of severe GvHD more than mycophenolate mofetil. Bone Marrow Transplant 2016; 52:423-430. [PMID: 27941766 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2016.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In order to examine GvHD prophylaxis in umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) in more detail, we compared transplant outcomes after UCBT for acute leukemia among GvHD prophylaxes using registry data. We selected patients transplanted with a calcineurin inhibitor and methotrexate (MTX)/mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) combination. A total of 1516 first myeloablative UCBT between 2000 and 2012 (Cyclosporine A (CyA) plus MTX, 824, Tacrolimus (Tac) plus MTX, 554, Tac plus MMF, 138) were included. With adjusted analyses, Tac plus MMF showed a significantly higher risk for grade II-IV and III-IV acute GvHD than CyA or Tac plus MTX. Although NRM was similar, Tac plus MMF showed a significantly lower risk of relapse than CyA or Tac plus MTX. A significant difference was observed in the risk of overall mortality (OM) between the MTX-containing group and MMF-containing group. In patients with standard-risk disease, there was no significant difference in the risk of OM in any GvHD prophylaxis. However, in patients with advanced-risk disease, Tac plus MMF showed a significantly lower risk of OM. Therefore, MTX-containing prophylaxis is preferred in UCBT for standard-risk disease, whereas MMF-containing prophylaxis is preferred for advanced-risk disease. A prospective study to identify optimal GvHD prophylaxis for UCBT is warranted.
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16
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Solves P, Carpio N, Carretero C, Lorenzo JI, Sanz J, Gómez I, López-Chuliá F, Arilla MJ, Regadera AI, Montesinos P, Sanz GF, Sanz MÁ. ABO incompatibility does not influence transfusion requirements in patients undergoing single-unit umbilical cord blood transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2016; 52:394-399. [DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2016.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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17
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Affinity-Bead-Mediated Enrichment of CD8+ Lymphocytes from Peripheral Blood Progenitor Cell Products Using Acoustophoresis. MICROMACHINES 2016; 7:mi7060101. [PMID: 30404275 PMCID: PMC6190086 DOI: 10.3390/mi7060101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Acoustophoresis is a technique that applies ultrasonic standing wave forces in a microchannel to sort cells depending on their physical properties in relation to the surrounding media. Cell handling and separation for research and clinical applications aims to efficiently separate specific cell populations. Here, we investigated the sorting of CD8 lymphocytes from peripheral blood progenitor cell (PBPC) products by affinity-bead-mediated acoustophoresis. PBPC samples were obtained from healthy donors (n = 4) and patients (n = 18). Mononuclear cells were labeled with anti-CD8-coated magnetic beads and sorted on an acoustophoretic microfluidic device and by standard magnetic cell sorting as a reference method. CD8 lymphocytes were acoustically sorted with a mean purity of 91% ± 8% and a median separation efficiency of 63% (range 15.1%⁻90.5%) as compared to magnetic sorting (purity 91% ± 14%, recovery 29% (range 5.1%⁻47.3%)). The viability as well as the proliferation capacity of sorted lymphocytes in the target fraction were unimpaired and, furthermore, hematopoietic progenitor cell assay revealed a preserved clonogenic capacity post-sorting. Bead-mediated acoustophoresis can, therefore, be utilized to efficiently sort less frequent CD8+ lymphocytes from PBPC products in a continuous flow mode while maintaining cell viability and functional capacity of both target and non-target fractions.
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18
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Wang C, Tian C, Zhang Y. The Interaction Between Niche and Hematopoietic Stem Cells. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2016; 32:377-382. [PMID: 27812244 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-016-0639-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are one of the somatic stem cells that have the ability to regenerate the entire blood system in a hierarchical way for the duration of an adult life. HSCs reside in the bone marrow niche which contain different cells and molecules that regulate the balance of HSC dormancy and activation. Here, we describe the interaction between HSCs and their niche, in particularly the involvement of some signaling pathway. Insights into the hematopoietic microenvironment will help to obtain a better understanding of normal hematopoiesis and how environmental factors affect these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyu Wang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060 China
| | - Chen Tian
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060 China
| | - Yizhuo Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060 China
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19
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Mehta RS, Shpall EJ, Rezvani K. Cord Blood as a Source of Natural Killer Cells. Front Med (Lausanne) 2016; 2:93. [PMID: 26779484 PMCID: PMC4700256 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2015.00093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cord blood (CB) offers several unique advantages as a graft source for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The risk of relapse and graft vs. host disease after cord blood transplantation (CBT) is lower than what is typically observed after other graft sources with a similar degree of human leukocyte antigen mismatch. Natural killer (NK) cells have a well-defined role in both innate and adaptive immunity and as the first lymphocytes to reconstitute after HSCT and CBT, and they play a significant role in protection against early relapse. In this article, we highlight the uses of CB NK cells in transplantation and adoptive immunotherapy. First, we will describe differences in the phenotype and functional characteristics of NK cells in CB as compared with peripheral blood. Then, we will review some of the obstacles we face in using resting CB NK cells for adoptive immunotherapy, and discuss methods to overcome them. We will review the current literature on killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors ligand mismatch and outcomes after CBT. Finally, we will touch on current strategies for the use of CB NK cells in cellular immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohtesh S Mehta
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota Medical Center , Minneapolis, MN , USA
| | - Elizabeth J Shpall
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX , USA
| | - Katayoun Rezvani
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX , USA
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20
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Mahajan MM, Cheng B, Beyer AI, Mulvaney US, Wilkinson MB, Fomin ME, Muench MO. A quantitative assessment of the content of hematopoietic stem cells in mouse and human endosteal-bone marrow: a simple and rapid method for the isolation of mouse central bone marrow. BMC HEMATOLOGY 2015; 15:9. [PMID: 26161262 PMCID: PMC4496931 DOI: 10.1186/s12878-015-0031-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Isolation of bone marrow cells, including hematopoietic stem cells, is a commonly used technique in both the research and clinical settings. A quantitative and qualitative assessment of cell populations isolated from mouse and human bone marrow was undertaken with a focus on the distribution of hematopoietic cells between the central bone marrow (cBM) and endosteal bone marrow (eBM). METHODS Two approaches to cBM isolation from the hind legs were compared using the C57BL/6J and BALB/cJ strains of laboratory mice. The content of hematopoietic stem cells in eBM was compared to cBM from mice and human fetal bone marrow using flow cytometry. Enzymatic digestion was used to isolate eBM and its effects on antigen expression was evaluated using flow cytometry. Humanized immunodeficient mice were used to evaluate the engraftment of human precursors in the cBM and eBM and the effects of in vivo maturation on the fetal stem cell phenotype were determined. RESULTS The two methods of mouse cBM isolation yielded similar numbers of cells from the femur, but the faster single-cut method recovered more cells from the tibia. Isolation of eBM increased the yield of mouse and human stem cells. Enzymatic digestion used to isolate eBM did, however, have a detrimental effect on detecting the expression of the human HSC-antigens CD4, CD90 and CD93, whereas CD34, CD38, CD133 and HLA-DR were unaffected. Human fetal HSCs were capable of engrafting the eBM of immunodeficient mice and their pattern of CD13, CD33 and HLA-DR expression partially changed to an adult pattern of expression about 1 year after transplantation. CONCLUSIONS A simple, rapid and efficient method for the isolation of cBM from the femora and tibiae of mice is detailed. Harvest of tibial cBM yielded about half as many cells as from the femora, representing 6.4 % and 13 %, respectively, of the total cBM of a mouse based on our analysis and a review of the literature. HSC populations were enriched within the eBM and the yield of HSCs from the mouse and human long bones was increased notably by harvest of eBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya M Mahajan
- Blood Systems Research Institute, 270 Masonic Ave., San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Betty Cheng
- Blood Systems Research Institute, 270 Masonic Ave., San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Ashley I Beyer
- Blood Systems Research Institute, 270 Masonic Ave., San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Usha S Mulvaney
- Blood Systems Research Institute, 270 Masonic Ave., San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Matt B Wilkinson
- Blood Systems Research Institute, 270 Masonic Ave., San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Marina E Fomin
- Blood Systems Research Institute, 270 Masonic Ave., San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Marcus O Muench
- Blood Systems Research Institute, 270 Masonic Ave., San Francisco, CA USA.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA USA
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21
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Bonomo A, Savino W. T cell activation in utero: self or non-self discrimination. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2015; 3:65. [PMID: 25992364 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2305-5839.2015.02.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Bonomo
- 1 Cancer Program (Fio-cancer), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil ; 2 Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Wilson Savino
- 1 Cancer Program (Fio-cancer), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil ; 2 Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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22
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Logan AC, Wang Z, Alimoghaddam K, Wong RM, Lai T, Negrin RS, Grumet C, Logan BR, Zhang MJ, Spellman SR, Lee SJ, Miklos DB. ABO mismatch is associated with increased nonrelapse mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2015; 21:746-54. [PMID: 25572032 PMCID: PMC4363312 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2014.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated ABO associated outcomes in 1737 patients who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) at Stanford University between January 1986 and July 2011. Grafts were 61% ABO matched, 18% major mismatched (MM), 17% minor MM, and 4% bidirectional MM. Median follow-up was 6 years. In multivariate analysis, overall survival (OS) was inferior in minor MM hematopoietic cell transplantations (median 2.1 versus 6.3 years; hazard ratio [HR], 1.56; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.19 to 2.05; P = .001) in comparison with ABO-matched grafts. ABO minor MM was associated with an increase in early nonrelapse mortality (NRM) (18% versus 13%; HR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.06 to 2.06; P = .02). In an independent Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR) analysis of 435 lymphoma patients receiving mobilized peripheral blood grafts, impairment of OS (HR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.07 to 2.25; P = .021) and increased NRM (HR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.11 to 2.68; P = .03) were observed in recipients of ABO minor-MM grafts. A second independent analysis of a CIBMTR data set including 5179 patients with acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome identified a nonsignificant trend toward decreased OS in recipients of ABO minor-MM grafts and also found ABO major MM to be significantly associated with decreased OS (HR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.31; P < .001) and increased NRM (HR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.4; P = .002). ABO minor and major MM are risk factors for worse transplantation outcomes, although the associated hazards may not be uniform across different transplantation populations. Further study is warranted to determine which patient populations are at greatest risk, and whether this risk can be modified by anti-B cell therapy or other peri-transplantation treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron C Logan
- Division of Hematology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Zhiyu Wang
- Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Kamran Alimoghaddam
- Hematology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ruby M Wong
- Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Tze Lai
- Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Robert S Negrin
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Carl Grumet
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Brent R Logan
- Division of Biostatistics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Mei-Jie Zhang
- Division of Biostatistics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Stephen R Spellman
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | | | - David B Miklos
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
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23
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Cany J, Dolstra H, Shah N. Umbilical cord blood-derived cellular products for cancer immunotherapy. Cytotherapy 2015; 17:739-748. [PMID: 25795272 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2015.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Although the vast majority of experience with umbilical cord blood (CB) centers on hematopoietic reconstitution, a recent surge in the knowledge of CB cell subpopulations as well as advances in ex vivo culture technology have expanded the potential of this rich resource. Because CB has the capacity to generate the entire hematopoietic system, we now have a new source for natural killer, dendritic and T cells for therapeutic use against malignancies. This Review will focus on cellular immunotherapies derived from CB. Expansion techniques, ongoing clinical trials and future directions for this new dimension of CB application are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeannette Cany
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Hematology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Harry Dolstra
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Hematology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nina Shah
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
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24
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I.v. BU/fludarabine plus melphalan or TBI in unrelated cord blood transplantation for high-risk hematological diseases. Bone Marrow Transplant 2015; 50:607-9. [DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2014.316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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25
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Selective Migration of Subpopulations of Bone Marrow Cells along an SDF-1α and ATP Gradient. BONE MARROW RESEARCH 2014; 2014:182645. [PMID: 25610653 PMCID: PMC4294463 DOI: 10.1155/2014/182645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Both stem cell chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) and extracellular nucleotides such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) are increased in ischemic myocardium. Since ATP has been reported to influence cell migration, we analysed the migratory response of bone marrow cells towards a combination of SDF-1 and ATP. Total nucleated cells (BM-TNCs) were isolated from bone marrow of cardiac surgery patients. Migration assays were performed in vitro. Subsequently, migrated cells were subjected to multicolor flow cytometric analysis of CD133, CD34, CD117, CD184, CD309, and CD14 expression. BM-TNCs migrated significantly towards a combination of SDF-1 and ATP. The proportions of CD34+ cells as well as subpopulations coexpressing multiple stem cell markers were selectively enhanced after migration towards SDF-1 or SDF-1 + ATP. After spontaneous migration, significantly fewer stem cells and CD184+ cells were detected. Direct incubation with SDF-1 led to a reduction of CD184+ but not stem cell marker-positive cells, while incubation with ATP significantly increased CD14+ percentage. In summary, we found that while a combination of SDF-1 and ATP elicited strong migration of BM-TNCs in vitro, only SDF-1 was responsible for selective attraction of hematopoietic stem cells. Meanwhile, spontaneous migration of stem cells was lower compared to BM-TNCs or monocytes.
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26
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Moscardó F, Sanz J, Carbonell F, Sanz MA, Larrea L, Montesinos P, Lorenzo I, Vera B, Boluda B, Salazar C, Cañigral C, Planelles D, Jarque I, Solves P, Martín G, López F, de la Rubia J, Martínez J, Carpio N, Martínez-Cuadrón D, Puig N, Montoro JA, Roig R, Sanz GF. Effect of CD8⁺ cell content on umbilical cord blood transplantation in adults with hematological malignancies. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2014; 20:1744-50. [PMID: 25008329 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2014.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Total nucleated (TNCs) and CD34(+) cells are considered major determinants of outcome after umbilical cord blood (UCB) transplantation but the effect of other cell subtypes present in the graft is unknown. This single-center cohort study included patients with hematological malignancies who received UCB transplantation after a myeloablative conditioning regimen. UCB units were primarily selected according to cell content, both TNCs and CD34(+) cells, and also according to the degree of HLA matching. Counts of several cell subtypes of the infused UCB unit, together with HLA disparities and other patient- and transplantation-related characteristics, were analyzed by multivariable methodology for their association with myeloid and platelet engraftment, graft-versus-host disease, nonrelapse mortality (NRM), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS). Two hundred patients (median age, 32 years) were included in the study. In multivariable analyses, a greater number of CD8(+) cells was significantly associated with better results for myeloid (P = .001) and platelet (P = .008) engraftment, NRM (P = .02), DFS (P = .007), and OS (P = .01). CD34(+) cell content was predictive of myeloid engraftment (P < .001). This study suggests that the outcome after UCB transplantation in adults with hematological malignancies could be better when UCB grafts had a greater CD8(+) cell content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Moscardó
- Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Unit, Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Jaime Sanz
- Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Unit, Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Miguel A Sanz
- Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Unit, Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Luis Larrea
- Centro de Trasfusión de la Comunidad Valenciana, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pau Montesinos
- Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Unit, Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ignacio Lorenzo
- Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Unit, Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Belén Vera
- Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Unit, Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Blanca Boluda
- Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Unit, Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Claudia Salazar
- Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Unit, Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carolina Cañigral
- Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Unit, Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Isidro Jarque
- Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Unit, Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pilar Solves
- Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Unit, Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Guillermo Martín
- Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Unit, Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisca López
- Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Unit, Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier de la Rubia
- Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Unit, Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jesús Martínez
- Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Unit, Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Nelly Carpio
- Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Unit, Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - David Martínez-Cuadrón
- Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Unit, Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Nieves Puig
- Centro de Trasfusión de la Comunidad Valenciana, Valencia, Spain
| | - José A Montoro
- Centro de Trasfusión de la Comunidad Valenciana, Valencia, Spain
| | - Roberto Roig
- Centro de Trasfusión de la Comunidad Valenciana, Valencia, Spain
| | - Guillermo F Sanz
- Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Unit, Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
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Onciu M, Estey E, Giles FJ. Circulating Blasts Following Chemotherapy in Pediatric Patients: Implications for Complete Remission Definition in Acute Leukemia. Hematology 2013; 8:295-301. [PMID: 14530171 DOI: 10.1080/10245330310001604737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We assessed the incidence of circulating blasts occurring post-chemotherapy in 1000 consecutive pediatric blood samples. Blasts with myeloid morphology (<1-3%) were present in post-chemotherapy samples in 19 of 294 (6.4%) patients with acute leukemia in remission and in 11 of 361 (3.4%) patients with solid tumors, non-Hodgkin or Hodgkin lymphoma, and were associated with ANC>1.5x10(9)/l in 13 of 30 (43%) samples, and platelets >100x10(9)/l in 25 of 30 (83%) samples. Our findings suggest that the absence of circulating blasts may not be a prerequisite for remission in acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Onciu
- Department of Pathology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
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Sun LX, Li YQ, Song XN, Jiang J, Chang YJ. A direct comparison of expression profiles of adhesion molecules on naïve T cells between cord blood and steady-state bone marrow grafts of healthy donors. Transplant Proc 2013; 45:415-9. [PMID: 23375331 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2012.05.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2011] [Revised: 02/17/2012] [Accepted: 05/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We compared the profiles of adhesion molecule expression on naïve T cells between umbilical cord blood (UCB) and steady-state bone marrow (SS-BM) grafts. METHODS The expressions of 4 adhesion molecules, including very late antigen 4 (VLA-4), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), L-selectin, and lymophocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) on naïve T cells in UCB (n = 25) and SS-BM (n = 10) were analyzed using flow cytometry. RESULTS The expressions of ICAM-1 and L-selectin on CD4(+) T cells and CD8(+) T cells in UCB were significantly lower than those on SS-BM (P < .05 for all). The expressions of VLA-4 and LFA-1 on CD8(+) T cells in UCB were significantly lower than those of SS-BM (P = .002 and .047, respectively). Compared with SS-BM, we observed lower expression of ICAM-1 on naïve CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in UCB (P < .001 for all). The percentages of interferon (IFN)-γ positive cells among naïve CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell subsets were significantly lower in UCB, leading to ready polarization of naïve UCB T cells from a Th1 to Th2 phenotype versus those on SS-BM. CONCLUSIONS Our results among UCB suggested lower intensities of ICAM-1 expression on naïve T cells and their easier polarization from Th1 to Th2 elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- L-X Sun
- Department of Hematology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
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29
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Chevallier P, Robillard N, Illiaquer M, Esbelin J, Mohty M, Bodin-Bressollette C, Guillaume T, Stocco V, Auffray F, Derenne S, Planche L, Bene MC, Imbert-Marcille BM. Characterization of various blood and graft sources: a prospective series. Transfusion 2013; 53:2020-6. [PMID: 23320942 DOI: 10.1111/trf.12072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2012] [Revised: 10/08/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies comparing cell components of blood and graft sources are very scarce. We present here a thorough study examining the cellular content of various sources of blood and cell therapy products. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We have prospectively compared by fluorescence-activated cell sorting analyses the cellular composition of three blood sources on the one hand--peripheral blood (PB; n = 10) versus granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-mobilized PB (GCSF-PB, n = 10) versus cord blood (CB, n = 10)--and of three graft sources on the other hand--unmanipulated bone marrow (uBM, n = 5) versus leukapheresis product (LP, n = 10) versus thawed CB graft (n = 7). RESULTS All median absolute numbers of cell subsets were found significantly higher in GCSF-PB and LP, except for monocytoid dendritic cells (mDCs) in CB and uBM. The most impressive results were the median quantities of memory T and B lymphocytes but also of plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) contained in LP compared to thawed CB graft, with ratios of 375, 318, and 247, respectively. The proportions of naive and CD4+/CD8- T cells, transitional B cells, and CD5+ and naive B lymphocytes were found significantly higher in CB samples while the proportions of mDCs and pDCs were found significantly lower. CONCLUSION Our study shows strong differences in terms of quantitative and qualitative cellular composition between several blood or graft sources, possibly explaining the differences observed in terms of outcomes after transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrice Chevallier
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique, CHU Hôtel Dieu, Université de Nantes, Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Cancerologie (CI2C) and INSERM U892; Service d'Hematologie/Biologie, Service de Gynecologie/Obstetrique; Cellule de Promotion à la Recherche Clinique, CHU de Nantes; Service de Virologie, CHU de Nantes, and UPRES-EA4271, PRES L'UNAM, Nantes University; Unité d'Ingénierie Cellulaire, EFS Pays de la Loire, Nantes, France
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30
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Merindol N, Salem Fourati I, Brito RM, Grenier AJ, Charrier E, Cordeiro P, Caty M, Mezziani S, Malette B, Duval M, Alfieri C, Ovetchkine P, Le Deist F, Soudeyns H. Reconstitution of protective immune responses against cytomegalovirus and varicella zoster virus does not require disease development in pediatric recipients of umbilical cord blood transplantation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 189:5016-28. [PMID: 23034171 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1201759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
CMV and varicella zoster virus (VZV) are significant causes of morbidity and mortality following umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT). However, the kinetics of reconstitution and protective potential of antiviral cell-mediated immune responses following UCBT remain poorly characterized. In this study, the reconstitution of CMV- and VZV-specific T cell responses was assessed using IFN-γ ELISPOT in 28 children who underwent UCBT to treat hematological or inherited disorders. Barely detectable in the first 3 mo posttransplantation, CMV- and VZV-specific T cell responses were observed in 30.4% and 40.3% of study subjects after 36 mo of follow-up. Four of five CMV-seropositive subjects developed detectable levels of circulating CMV DNA (DNAemia), and 5 of 17 VZV-seropositive patients experienced herpes zoster during the posttransplant period. Four CMV-seronegative subjects developed IFN-γ responses against CMV, and four subjects developed a VZV-specific IFN-γ response without clinical signs of infection. No CMV- or VZV-related events were observed in study subjects following the development of CMV- or VZV-specific responses > 150 spot-forming units/10(6) PBMCs, consistent with T cell-mediated protection. Finally, famciclovir prophylaxis did not strictly prevent the reconstitution of the VZV-specific T cell repertoire, because the frequency of T cells producing IFN-γ in response to VZV Ags reached levels consistent with protection in two nonzoster subjects. Monitoring of CMV- and VZV-specific cell-mediated immunity could inform immunocompetence and guide the initiation and cessation of antiherpetic prophylaxis in UCBT recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natacha Merindol
- Unité d'Immunopathologie Virale, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1C5, Canada
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31
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Bosch M, Dhadda M, Hoegh-Petersen M, Liu Y, Hagel LM, Podgorny P, Ugarte-Torres A, Khan FM, Luider J, Auer-Grzesiak I, Mansoor A, Russell JA, Daly A, Stewart DA, Maloney D, Boeckh M, Storek J. Immune reconstitution after anti-thymocyte globulin-conditioned hematopoietic cell transplantation. Cytotherapy 2012; 14:1258-75. [PMID: 22985195 DOI: 10.3109/14653249.2012.715243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) is being used increasingly to prevent graft-versus-host disease (GvHD); however, its impact on immune reconstitution is relatively unknown. We (i) studied immune reconstitution after ATG-conditioned hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), (ii) determined the factors influencing the reconstitution, and (iii) compared it with non-ATG-conditioned HCT. METHODS Immune cell subset counts were determined at 1-24 months post-transplant in 125 HCT recipients who received ATG during conditioning. Subset counts were also determined in 46 non-ATG-conditioned patients (similarly treated). RESULTS (i) Reconstitution after ATG-conditioned HCT was fast for innate immune cells, intermediate for B cells and CD8 T cells, and very slow for CD4 T cells and invariant natural killer T (iNKT) (iNKT) cells. (ii) Faster reconstitution after ATG-conditioned HCT was associated with a higher number of cells of the same subset transferred with the graft in the case of memory B cells, naive CD4 T cells, naive CD8 T cells, iNKT cells and myeloid dendritic cells; lower recipient age in the case of naive CD4 T cells and naive CD8 T cells; cytomegalovirus recipient seropositivity in the case of memory/effector T cells; an absence of GvHD in the case of naive B cells; lower ATG serum levels in the case of most T-cell subsets, including iNKT cells; and higher ATG levels in the case of NK cells and B cells. (iii) Compared with non-ATG-conditioned HCT, reconstitution after ATG-conditioned HCT was slower for CD4 T cells, and faster for NK cells and B cells. CONCLUSIONS ATG worsens the reconstitution of CD4 T cells but improves the reconstitution of NK and B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Bosch
- University of Calgary/Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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32
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Luevano M, Daryouzeh M, Alnabhan R, Querol S, Khakoo S, Madrigal A, Saudemont A. The unique profile of cord blood natural killer cells balances incomplete maturation and effective killing function upon activation. Hum Immunol 2012; 73:248-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2011.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2011] [Revised: 12/13/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Melve GK, Ersvssr E, Kittang AO, Bruserud O. The chemokine system in allogeneic stem-cell transplantation: a possible therapeutic target? Expert Rev Hematol 2012; 4:563-76. [PMID: 21939423 DOI: 10.1586/ehm.11.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Further improvements in allogeneic stem-cell transplantation will probably depend on a better balance between immunosuppression to control graft-versus-host disease and immunological reconstitution sufficient to ensure engraftment, reduction of infection-related mortality and maintenance of post-transplant antileukemic immune reactivity. The chemokine network is an important part of the immune system, and, in addition, CXCL12/CXCR4 seem to be essential for granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-induced stem-cell mobilization. Partial ex vivo graft T-cell depletion based on the expression of specific chemokine receptors involved in T-cell recruitment to graft-versus-host disease target organs may also become a future therapeutic strategy; an alternative approach could be pharmacological inhibition (single-receptor inhibitors or dual-receptor inhibitors) in vivo of specific chemokine receptors involved in this T-cell recruitment. Future clinical studies should therefore be based on a better characterization of various immunocompetent cells, including their chemokine receptor profile, both in the allografts and during post-transplant reconstitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guro Kristin Melve
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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34
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Jacobson CA, Turki AT, McDonough SM, Stevenson KE, Kim HT, Kao G, Herrera MI, Reynolds CG, Alyea EP, Ho VT, Koreth J, Armand P, Chen YB, Ballen K, Soiffer RJ, Antin JH, Cutler CS, Ritz J. Immune reconstitution after double umbilical cord blood stem cell transplantation: comparison with unrelated peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2011; 18:565-74. [PMID: 21875503 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2011.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 08/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Double umbilical cord blood (DUCB) transplantation is an accepted transplantation strategy for patients without suitable human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matched donors. However, DUCB transplantation is associated with increased morbidity and mortality because of slow recovery of immunity and a high risk of infection. To define the differences in immune reconstitution between DUCB transplantation and HLA matched unrelated donor (MUD) transplantation, we performed a detailed, prospective analysis of immune reconstitution in 42 DUCB recipients and 102 filgrastim-mobilized unrelated peripheral blood stem cell recipients. Reconstitution of CD3 T cells was significantly delayed in the DUCB cohort compared with the MUD cohort for 1 to 6 months posttransplantation (P < .001), including naive (CD45RO-) and memory (CD45RO+) CD4 T cells, regulatory (CD4CD25) T cells, and CD8 T cells. In contrast, CD19 B cells recovered more rapidly in the DUCB cohort and numbers remained significantly greater from 3 to 24 months after transplantation (P = .001). CD56CD16 natural killer (NK) cells also recovered more rapidly in DUCB recipients and remained significantly greater from 1 to 24 months after transplantation. B cell activating factor (BAFF) levels were higher in the DUCB cohort at 1 month (P < .001), were similar in both cohorts at 3 and 6 months, and were lower in the DUCB cohort at 12 months (P = .002). BAFF/CD19 B cell ratios were lower in the DUCB cohort at 3 (P = .045), 6 (P = .02), and 12 months (P = .002) after transplantation. DUCB recipients had more infections within the first 100 days after transplantation (P < .001), and there was less chronic graft-versus-host disease (P < .001), but there were no differences in cumulative incidence of relapse, nonrelapse death, progression-free survival, or overall survival between the 2 groups. These results suggest that increased risk of infections is specifically associated with delayed reconstitution of all major T cell subsets, but the increased risk is limited to the first 3 months after DUCB transplantation. There is no increased risk of relapse, suggesting that graft-versus-leukemia activity is maintained. Early reconstitution of B cells and NK cells may, in part, account for these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caron A Jacobson
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
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35
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Park DH, Lee JH, Borlongan CV, Sanberg PR, Chung YG, Cho TH. Transplantation of umbilical cord blood stem cells for treating spinal cord injury. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2011; 7:181-94. [PMID: 20532836 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-010-9163-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) develops primary and secondary damage to neural tissue and this often results in permanent disability of the motor and sensory functions. However, there is currently no effective treatment except methylprednisolone, and the use of methylprednisolone has also been questioned due to its moderate efficacy and the drug's downside. Regenerative medicine has remarkably developed since the discovery of stem cells, and many studies have suggested the potential of cell-based therapies for neural injury. Especially, the therapeutic potential of human umbilical cord blood cells (hUCB cells) for intractable neurological disorders has been demonstrated using in vitro and vivo models. The hUCB cells are immune naïve and they are able to differentiate into other phenotypes, including the neural lineage. Their ability to produce several neurotropic factors and to modulate immune and inflammatory reactions has also been noted. Recent evidence has emerged suggesting alternative pathways of graft-mediated neural repair that involve neurotrophic effects. These effects are caused by the release of various growth factors that promote cell survival, angiogenesis and anti-inflammation, and this is all aside from a cell replacement mechanism. In this review, we present the recent findings on the stemness properties and the therapeutic potential of hUCB as a safe, feasible and effective cellular source for transplantation in SCI. These multifaceted protective and restorative effects from hUCB grafts may be interdependent and they act in harmony to promote therapeutic benefits for SCI. Nevertheless, clinical studies with hUCB are still rare because of the concerns about safety and efficiency. Among these concerns, the major histocompatibility in allogeneic transplantation is an important issue to be addressed in future clinical trials for treating SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hyuk Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Korea University Medical Center, Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, #126, 5-GA, Anam-Dong, Sungbuk-Ku, Seoul 136-705, Korea.
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36
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Disease stage stratified effects of cell dose in unrelated BMT for hematological malignancies: a report from Japan marrow donor program. Bone Marrow Transplant 2010; 46:1192-202. [DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2010.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Tolosa JN, Park DH, Eve DJ, Klasko SK, Borlongan CV, Sanberg PR. Mankind's first natural stem cell transplant. J Cell Mol Med 2010; 14:488-95. [PMID: 20141549 PMCID: PMC3823451 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2010.01029.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2009] [Accepted: 02/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The timing of the umbilical cord clamping at birth is still controversial. In the modern era of medicine, the cord has been clamped early to facilitate resuscitation and stabilization of infants. However, recently delayed cord clamping has been supported by physicians because it allows for the physiological transfer of blood from the placenta to the infant. Many clinical studies have revealed that the delayed cord clamping elevates blood volume and haemoglobin and prevents anaemia in infants. Moreover, since it was known that umbilical cord blood contains various valuable stem cells such as haematopoietic stem cells, endothelial cell precursors, mesenchymal progenitors and multipotent/pluripotent lineage stem cells, the merit of delayed cord clamping has been magnified. In this review, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of delayed cord clamping at birth. We highlight the importance of delayed cord clamping in realizing mankind's first stem cell transfer and propose that it should be encouraged in normal births.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose N Tolosa
- Department of Pediatrics, Division Neonatology, University of South Florida, College of MedicineTampa, FL, USA
| | - Dong-Hyuk Park
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, College of MedicineTampa, FL, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Korea University Medical Center, Korea University College of MedicineSeoul, South Korea
| | - David J Eve
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, College of MedicineTampa, FL, USA
| | - Stephen K Klasko
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of South Florida, College of MedicineTampa, FL, USA
| | - Cesario V Borlongan
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, College of MedicineTampa, FL, USA
| | - Paul R Sanberg
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, College of MedicineTampa, FL, USA
- Office of Research and Innovation, University of South FloridaTampa, FL, USA
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Verneris MR, Miller JS. The phenotypic and functional characteristics of umbilical cord blood and peripheral blood natural killer cells. Br J Haematol 2010; 147:185-91. [PMID: 19796267 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2009.07768.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation can be curative for patients with high-risk acute leukaemia. Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is an increasingly used source of allogeneic stem cells for patients who are in need of a transplant, but do not have a sibling donor. This review highlights the similarities and differences between the natural killer (NK) cells obtained from adult peripheral blood (PB) and UCB. These two cell sources show similar percentages of NK cells, including the major CD56(dim) and CD56(bright) subpopulations. UCB also contains an additional CD56-CD16+ subset, not typically found in PB. In addition, there are a number of progenitor cell populations in UCB that can give rise to NK cells. Some studies showed that UCB NK cells express a relatively higher percentage of inhibitory receptors (CD94/NKG2A and killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors) and less adhesion molecules. Resting UCB NK cells also show significantly less cytotoxicity compared to PB NK cells. However, following cytokine stimulation, the cytotoxicity of UCB NK cells can be rapidly increased to levels that are comparable to PB NK cells. Activation and expansion protocols for UCB NK cells are briefly reviewed. Lastly, we outline the early use of UCB NK cells in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Verneris
- Department of Paediatrics, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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39
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Collins NH, Gee AP, Durett AG, Kan F, Zhang MJ, Champlin RE, Confer D, Eapen M, Howard A, King R, Laughlin MJ, Plante RJ, Setterholm M, Spellman S, Keever-Taylor C, Wagner JE, Weisdorf DJ. The effect of the composition of unrelated donor bone marrow and peripheral blood progenitor cell grafts on transplantation outcomes. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2009; 16:253-62. [PMID: 19822219 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2009.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2009] [Accepted: 10/05/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
To test the hypothesis that the outcome of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) grafts is at least partially determined by the cellular composition of the graft, the National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP) analyzed the correlation of cellular phenotypes of unrelated grafts with graft outcome. Samples from 94 bone marrow (BM) and 181 peripheral blood progenitor cell (PBPC) grafts for transplantations at 40 U.S. transplant centers between 2003 and 2005 were analyzed at a single immunophenotyping reference laboratory. Samples were shipped from transplant centers upon receipt of graft. Graft cellular composition included analysis of leukocyte total cell numbers, and subsets of myeloid [CD34(+), CD34(+) CD38(-)], lymphoid [CD3(+), CD3(+) CD4(+), CD3(+) CD8(+)], and activated lymphoid cells [CD3(+) CD25(+), CD3(+) CD69(+), CD3(+) HLA-DR(+)] coexpressing CD3(+). There was substantial variability in the cellular composition of BM and PBPC grafts before and after graft processing by red blood cell (RBC) removal or plasma depletion in preparation for transplant. With BM grafts, cellular composition was not associated with hematopoietic recovery, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), or survival. With PBPC grafts, survival rates were higher with CD34(+)>5 x 10(6)/kg, 59% compared to 34% with CD34(+)< or =5 x 10(6)/kg at 1 year. Platelet recovery was higher with PBPC containing CD3(+) CD8(+) >8 x 10(7)/kg. Neutrophil recovery or GVHD could not be predicted by any cellular subsets of PBPC grafts. Although survival was superior with PBPC grafts containing >5 x 10(6) CD34(+)/kg, an optimal graft mix of myeloid, lymphoid, and activated lymphoid subsets was not identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy H Collins
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
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Sanberg PR, Park DH, Kuzmin-Nichols N, Cruz E, Hossne NA, Buffolo E, Willing AE. Monocyte transplantation for neural and cardiovascular ischemia repair. J Cell Mol Med 2009; 14:553-63. [PMID: 19754667 PMCID: PMC3823455 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2009.00903.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Neovascularization is an integral process of inflammatory reactions and subsequent repair cascades in tissue injury. Monocytes/macrophages play a key role in the inflammatory process including angiogenesis as well as the defence mechanisms by exerting microbicidal and immunomodulatory activity. Current studies have demonstrated that recruited monocytes/macrophages aid in regulating angiogenesis in ischemic tissue, tumours and chronic inflammation. In terms of neovascularization followed by tissue regeneration, monocytes/macrophages should be highly attractive for cell-based therapy compared to any other stem cells due to their considerable advantages: non-oncogenic, non-teratogenic, multiple secretary functions including pro-angiogenic and growth factors, straightforward cell harvesting procedure and non-existent ethical controversy. In addition to adult origins such as bone marrow or peripheral blood, umbilical cord blood (UCB) can be a potential source for autologous or allogeneic monocytes/macrophages. Especially, UCB monocytes should be considered as the first candidate owing to their feasibility, low immune rejection and multiple characteristic advantages such as their anti-inflammatory properties by virtue of their unique immune and inflammatory immaturity, and their pro-angiogenic ability. In this review, we present general characteristics and potential of monocytes/macrophages for cell-based therapy, especially focusing on neovascularization and UCB-derived monocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul R Sanberg
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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Park DH, Borlongan CV, Willing AE, Eve DJ, Cruz LE, Sanberg CD, Chung YG, Sanberg PR. Human Umbilical Cord Blood Cell Grafts for Brain Ischemia. Cell Transplant 2009; 18:985-98. [DOI: 10.3727/096368909x471279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Irreversible and permanent damage develop immediately adjacent to the region of reduced cerebral blood perfusion in stroke patients. Currently, the proven thrombolytic treatment for stroke, tissue plasminogen activator, is only effective when administered within 3 h after stroke. These disease characteristics should be taken under consideration in developing any therapeutic intervention designed to widen the narrow therapeutic range, especially cell-based therapy. Over the past several years, our group and others have characterized the therapeutic potential of human umbilical cord blood cells for stroke and other neurological disorders using in vitro and vivo models focusing on the cells' ability to differentiate into nonhematopoietic cells including neural lineage, as well as their ability to produce several neurotrophic factors and modulate immune and inflammatory reaction. Rather than the conventional cell replacement mechanism, we advance alternative pathways of graft-mediated brain repair involving neurotrophic effects resulting from release of various growth factors that afford cell survival, angiogenesis, and anti-inflammation. Eventually, these multiple protective and restorative effects from umbilical cord blood cell grafts may be interdependent and act in harmony in promoting therapeutic benefits for stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hyuk Park
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery & Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Korea University Medical Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cesar V. Borlongan
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery & Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Alison E. Willing
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery & Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - David J. Eve
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery & Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - L. Eduardo Cruz
- Cryopraxis and Silvestre Laboratory, Cryopraxis, BioRio, Pólo de Biotechnologia do Rio de Janeiro, Rio di Janiero, Brazil
| | | | - Yong-Gu Chung
- Cryopraxis and Silvestre Laboratory, Cryopraxis, BioRio, Pólo de Biotechnologia do Rio de Janeiro, Rio di Janiero, Brazil
| | - Paul R. Sanberg
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery & Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
- Office of Research and Innovation, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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Tanaka J, Sugita J, Asanuma S, Arita K, Shono Y, Kikutchi M, Shiratori S, Wakasa K, Yasumoto A, Shigematu A, Kondo T, Kobayashi T, Asaka M, Imamura M. Increased number of CD16(+)CD56(dim) NK cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells after allogeneic cord blood transplantation. Hum Immunol 2009; 70:701-5. [PMID: 19524005 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2009.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2009] [Revised: 06/03/2009] [Accepted: 06/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated subpopulations of natural killer (NK) cells and the expression of stimulatory and inhibitory NK receptors after adult blood and bone marrow transplantation (BBMT) and cord blood transplantation (CBT). There were significant increases in CD16(+)CD56(dim) cell proportion and in absolute number in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) during a period of 4-9 months after CBT compared with these in normal PBMC, cord blood (CB), and in PBMC after BBMT. Also, increased numbers of CD16(+)CD56(dim) NK cells were sustained in some patients until 4 years after CBT. This CD16(+)CD56(dim) cell subset after CBT exhibited decreased expression of NKG2A compared with that in CB and increased expression of NKG2C. Purified CD16(+)CD56(dim) cells from patients 8-9 months after CBT exhibited significantly higher levels of cytolytic activity against K562 than did purified CD16(+)CD56(bright) cells and also whole PBMC. The CD16(+)CD56(dim) cell subset with a high level of cytolytic activity significantly increased after CBT, and these cells may be responsible for NK cell-mediated immunity after CBT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junji Tanaka
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
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Peggs KS, Krauss AC, Mackall CL. Clinical implications of immune reconstitution following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Cancer Treat Res 2009; 144:131-54. [PMID: 19779871 DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-78580-6_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Karl S Peggs
- Royal Free and University College London Medical Schools, London, UK.
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López MC, Palmer BE, Lawrence DA. Phenotypic differences between cord blood and adult peripheral blood. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2008; 76:37-46. [PMID: 18642326 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.20441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2008] [Revised: 04/01/2008] [Accepted: 06/06/2008] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Neonates are more susceptible to infections than adults, due to a less mature immune system. The objective of this study was to compare the immunophenotypes of cord blood (CB) and adult peripheral blood (APB) and to establish whether or not there are immunophenotypical differences. METHODS CB and APB were collected into CPD anticoagulant. Whole blood was stained with fluorochrome conjugated antibodies, cells were fixed, red cells were lysed, and samples were run in a FACSCanto flow cytometer. RESULTS Plots of SSC vs. CD45 showed two lymphocyte-like populations in CB with the same low SSC characteristics while there was only one low SSC lymphoid population in APB. The CD45dim population included the majority of CD34+ cells, but it also included T, B, NKT, and NK cells. The percentages of CD3+, CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+, CD19+, CD3+CD56+, and CD3-CD56+ in the CD45high gate of CB were similar to the percentages obtained for APB. Meanwhile, in the CD45dim gate, the percentages were either lower (CD3+, CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+) or higher (CD19+, CD3+CD56+, CD3-CD56+) than in the CD45high gate. CONCLUSIONS CB presents two lymphoid populations defined by different levels of expression of the phosphatase CD45; the CD45dim subsets likely represent cells with elevated proliferative activity possibly due to the differential expression of CD45 but still not yet immunologically mature with regard to immunophenotype and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- María C López
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York 12201, USA.
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Rezvani AR, Storb R. Using allogeneic stem cell/T-cell grafts to cure hematologic malignancies. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2008; 8:161-79. [DOI: 10.1517/14712598.8.2.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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46
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Hiwase D, Hiwase S, Bailey M, Bollard G, Schwarer A. The role of stem cell mobilization regimen on lymphocyte collection yield in patients with multiple myeloma. Cytotherapy 2008; 10:507-17. [DOI: 10.1080/14653240802165665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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47
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Hexner EO, Danet-Desnoyers GAH, Zhang Y, Frank DM, Riley JL, Levine BL, Porter DL, June CH, Emerson SG. Umbilical cord blood xenografts in immunodeficient mice reveal that T cells enhance hematopoietic engraftment beyond overcoming immune barriers by stimulating stem cell differentiation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2007; 13:1135-44. [PMID: 17889349 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2007.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2007] [Accepted: 06/22/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Clinical experience and animal models have shown that donor T cell depletion (TCD) adversely affects engraftment of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Although it is known that donor T cells are acting to overcome residual host immune barriers, they may also exert effects independent of host resistance via direct or indirect interactions with donor stem cells, their microenvironment, or key differentiation events. To more precisely define the effect of T cells on engraftment, we have performed human umbilical cord blood (UCB) transplantation into immunodeficient mice under limiting dilution conditions. UCB mononuclear cells (MNC) or TCD UCB were transplanted into NOD/LtSz-scid/scid B2m(null) (NOD/SCID-beta(2)m(-/-)) mice. Cohorts of mice received UCB MNC or TCD UCB at 5 dose levels between 5 x 10(4) and 5 x 10(6) cells. At dose levels at or above 10(5) cells, engraftment was higher in the MNC recipients (n = 32) than the TCD recipients (n = 31) in a dose-dependent manner. Despite this difference, limiting dilution analysis to determine functional stem cell frequency revealed that SCID repopulating cells in TCD UCB was not significantly less than in CB MNCs, suggesting that T cells may facilitate engraftment at stages beyond the stem cell. Add-back of CD3/CD28 costimulated T cells restored and appeared to enhance engraftment, both in NOD/SCID-beta(2)m(-/-) as well as NOD/LtSz-scid IL2Rgamma(null) (NOG) recipients. These results, in a model where there are minimal host immune barriers to overcome, suggest T cells possess additional graft-facilitating properties. CD3/CD28 costimulation of UCB T cells represents a potential strategy for enhancing the engraftment of UCB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth O Hexner
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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Charrier E, Dardari R, Michaud A, Cordeiro P, Duval M. Immunologie néonatale et greffe de sang de cordon. Med Sci (Paris) 2007; 23:975-9. [DOI: 10.1051/medsci/20072311975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Willing AE, Eve DJ, Sanberg PR. Umbilical cord blood transfusions for prevention of progressive brain injury and induction of neural recovery: an immunological perspective. Regen Med 2007; 2:457-64. [PMID: 17635052 DOI: 10.2217/17460751.2.4.457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most promising treatments for neurodegenerative diseases appears to be human umbilical cord blood cell transplantation. A variety of studies demonstrate some benefit of this method of treatment in a number of different animal models and case studies. However, before the methodologies and results of these animal studies and case studies can be translated into successful widespread treatments, aspects relating to the immunological properties of the transplanted cells must be considered. In this perspective, we discuss the benefit of the cellular immaturity of these cells with respect to the immune response, and compare cord blood transplantation to blood transfusions, as well as discussing what future studies should entail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison E Willing
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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Larghero J, Rocha V, Porcher R, Filion A, Ternaux B, Lacassagne MN, Robin M, Peffault de Latour R, Devergie A, Biscay N, Ribaud P, Benbunan M, Gluckman E, Marolleau JP, Socié G. Association of bone marrow natural killer cell dose with neutrophil recovery and chronic graft-versus-host disease after HLA identical sibling bone marrow transplants. Br J Haematol 2007; 138:101-9. [PMID: 17555453 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2007.06623.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Allogeneic bone marrow (BM) transplant (BMT) outcomes have been correlated with the infused nucleated, CD34(+), and T- cell dose. The potential impact of natural killer (NK) BM infused cell dose has however not been established. We analysed the outcomes of 78 patients receiving an HLA identical BMT. A higher NK cell dose was associated with the speed of neutrophil (P = 0.05) and platelet recovery (P = 0.04). Higher nucleated cells, CD34(+), CD3(+), CD3(+)/4(+), CD3(+)/8(+) and NK cell dose were associated with a lower incidence of chronic GvHD (cGvHD) in univariate analysis. In multivariate analysis, the risk of cGvHD was increased by a lower NK cell dose [hazard ratio (HR) = 2.3 (1.2-4.4) for cell dose <0.9 x 10(6)/kg; P = 0.01] and an older age [HR = 1.4 /10 years (1.1-1.8); P = 0.002]. In addition, a higher CD3(+)/4(+) and NK cell dose were associated with a decreased incidence of viral infections (P = 0.03 and P = 0.06 respectively). No specific cell subpopulation infused dose was associated with survival. In conclusion, a higher BM NK cell dose is associated with an increased speed of neutrophil recovery and a decreased incidence of cGvHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Larghero
- Cell Therapy Unit, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris, France
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