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Lu H, Xu L, Steriopoulos J, McLeod P, Huang X, Min J, Peng T, Jevnikar AM, Zhang ZX. An acidic pH environment converts necroptosis to apoptosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 725:150215. [PMID: 38870845 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Cardiac ischemia results in anaerobic metabolism and lactic acid accumulation and with time, intracellular and extracellular acidosis. Ischemia and subsequent reperfusion injury (IRI) lead to various forms of programmed cell death. Necroptosis is a major form of programmed necrosis that worsens cardiac function directly and also promotes inflammation by the release of cellular contents. Potential effects of increasing acidosis on programmed cell death and their specific components have not been well studied. While apoptosis is caspase-dependent, in contrast, necroptosis is mediated by the receptor-interacting protein kinases 1 and 3 (RIPK1/3). In our study, we observed that at physiological pH = 7.4, caspase-8 inhibition did not prevent TNFα-induced cell death in mouse cardiac vascular endothelial cells (MVECs) but promoted necroptotic cell death. As expected, necroptosis was blocked by RIPK1 inhibition. However, at pH = 6.5, TNFα induced an apoptosis-like pattern which was inhibited by caspase-8 inhibition. Interestingly phosphorylation of necroptotic molecules RIPK1, RIPK3, and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) was enhanced in an acidic pH environment. However, RIPK3 and MLKL phosphorylation was self-limited which may have limited their participation in necroptosis. In addition, an acidic pH promoted apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) cleavage and nuclear translocation. AIF RNA silencing inhibited cell death, supporting the role of AIF in this cell death. In summary, our study demonstrated that the pH of the micro-environment during inflammation can bias cell death pathways by altering the function of necroptosis-related molecules and promoting AIF-mediated cell death. Further insights into the mechanisms by which an acidic cellular micro-environment influences these and perhaps other forms of regulated cell death, may lead to therapeutic strategies to attenuate IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Lu
- Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplantation Studies. Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada; Department of Pathology, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Laura Xu
- Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplantation Studies. Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada; Department of Pathology, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Julia Steriopoulos
- Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplantation Studies. Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada; Department of Pathology, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Patrick McLeod
- Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplantation Studies. Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada; Multi-Organ Transplant Program, London Health Sciences Centre. London, Canada
| | - Xuyan Huang
- Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplantation Studies. Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada
| | - Jeffery Min
- Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplantation Studies. Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada
| | - Tianging Peng
- Department of Pathology, Western University, London, Canada; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Western University. London, Canada
| | - Anthony M Jevnikar
- Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplantation Studies. Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada; Multi-Organ Transplant Program, London Health Sciences Centre. London, Canada; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Western University. London, Canada
| | - Zhu-Xu Zhang
- Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplantation Studies. Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada; Department of Pathology, Western University, London, Canada; Multi-Organ Transplant Program, London Health Sciences Centre. London, Canada; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Western University. London, Canada.
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Mendonça MLM, Carvalho MR, Romanenghi RB, Santos DSD, Filiú WFO, Pagan LU, Okoshi K, Okoshi MP, Oliveira RJ, Oliveira‐Junior SA, Martinez PF. Impact of combined intermittent fasting and high-intensity interval training on apoptosis and atrophy signaling in rat fast- and slow-twitch muscles. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e16181. [PMID: 39138135 PMCID: PMC11321907 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.16181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the influence of combined intermittent fasting (IF) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on morphology, caspase-independent apoptosis signaling pathway, and myostatin expression in soleus and gastrocnemius (white portion) muscles from healthy rats. Sixty-day-old male Wistar rats (n = 60) were divided into four groups: control (C), IF, high-intensity-interval training (T), and high-intensity-interval training and intermittent fasting (T-IF). The C and T groups received ad libitum chow daily; IF and T-IF received the same standard chow every other day. Animals from T and T-IF underwent a HIIT protocol five times a week for 12 weeks. IF reduced gastrocnemius mass and increased pro-apoptotic proteins apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) and endonuclease G (EndoG) in soleus and cleaved-to-non-cleaved PARP-1 ratio and myostatin expression in gastrocnemius white portion. HIIT increased AIF and apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain expression in soleus and cleaved-to-total PARP-1 ratio in gastrocnemius muscle white portion. The combination of IF and HIIT reduced fiber cross-sectional area in both muscles, increased EndoG and AIF expression, and decreased cleaved-to-non-cleaved PARP-1 ratio in gastrocnemius muscle white portion. Muscle responses to IF and HIIT are directly impacted by the muscle fiber type composition and are modulated, at least in part, by myostatin and caspase-independent apoptosis signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lua M. Mendonça
- Striated Muscle Study LaboratoryFederal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS)Campo GrandeMato Grosso do SulBrazil
| | - Marianna R. Carvalho
- Striated Muscle Study LaboratoryFederal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS)Campo GrandeMato Grosso do SulBrazil
| | - Rodrigo B. Romanenghi
- Striated Muscle Study LaboratoryFederal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS)Campo GrandeMato Grosso do SulBrazil
| | - Diego S. D. Santos
- Striated Muscle Study LaboratoryFederal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS)Campo GrandeMato Grosso do SulBrazil
| | - Wander F. O. Filiú
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and NutritionFederal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS)Campo GrandeMato Grosso do SulBrazil
| | - Luana Urbano Pagan
- Internal Medicine DepartmentBotucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP)BotucatuSao PauloBrazil
| | - Katashi Okoshi
- Internal Medicine DepartmentBotucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP)BotucatuSao PauloBrazil
| | - Marina P. Okoshi
- Internal Medicine DepartmentBotucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP)BotucatuSao PauloBrazil
| | - Rodrigo Juliano Oliveira
- Stem Cell, Cell Therapy and Toxicological Genetics Research Centre (CeTroGen), School of Medicine (FAMED)Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS)Campo GrandeMato Grosso do SulBrazil
| | - Silvio A. Oliveira‐Junior
- Striated Muscle Study LaboratoryFederal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS)Campo GrandeMato Grosso do SulBrazil
| | - Paula F. Martinez
- Striated Muscle Study LaboratoryFederal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS)Campo GrandeMato Grosso do SulBrazil
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Baqerkhani M, Soleimanzadeh A, Mohammadi R. Effects of intratesticular injection of hypertonic mannitol and saline on the quality of donkey sperm, indicators of oxidative stress and testicular tissue pathology. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:99. [PMID: 38468237 PMCID: PMC10926677 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-03915-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to examine donkey sperm quality after intratesticular injection of hypertonic mannitol (HM) and saline (HS). METHODS Randomly assigned to five treatment groups were 15 adult male donkeys: (1) Control group (no treatment), (2) Surgery group (surgical castration for testosterone control), (3) NS group (normal saline intratesticular injection), (4) HS group (hypertonic saline), and (5) HM group. We injected 20 mL per testicle. We took 5 mL blood from all donkeys before injection. Castration was performed under general anesthesia 60 days later. Samples included blood and testicular tissue. Total motility (TM), progressive motility (PM), movementy features, DNA damage, morphology, viability, and plasma membrane functionality were evaluated. Hormone analyses, histomorphometric studies and oxidative stress indices including total antioxidant capacity (TAC), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and NADP+/NADPH were evaluated. Apoptosis, pyroptosis-related Bax, Caspase-1, GSDMD, and Bcl-2 expression were also assessed. RESULTS In HS and HM groups, testosterone, epididymal sperm count, motility, viability, and plasma membrane functionality dropped while sperm DNA damage increased. HS and HM groups had significantly lower histomorphometric parameters, TAC, GPx, SOD, GSH, and Bcl-2 gene expression. MDA, NADP+/NADPH, Bax, Caspase-1, and GSDMD gene expression were substantially higher in the HS and HM groups than in the control group. CONCLUSIONS Toxic effects of hypertonic saline and mannitol on reproductive parameters were seen following, hence, they might be considered as a good chemical sterilizing treatment in donkeys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Baqerkhani
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, P.O. Box: 57561-51818, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ali Soleimanzadeh
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, P.O. Box: 57561-51818, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Rahim Mohammadi
- Department of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
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Montero-Jodra A, de la Fuente MÁ, Gobelli D, Martín-Fernández M, Villar J, Tamayo E, Simarro M. The mitochondrial signature of cultured endothelial cells in sepsis: Identifying potential targets for treatment. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166946. [PMID: 37939908 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is the most common cause of death from infection in the world. Unfortunately, there is no specific treatment for patients with sepsis, and management relies on infection control and support of organ function. A better understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of this syndrome will help to develop innovative therapies. In this regard, it has been widely reported that endothelial cell activation and dysfunction are major contributors to the development of sepsis. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of emerging findings highlighting the prominent role of mitochondria in the endothelial response in in vitro experimental models of sepsis. Additionally, we discuss potential mitochondrial targets that have demonstrated protective effects in preclinical investigations against sepsis. These promising findings hold the potential to pave the way for future clinical trials in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Montero-Jodra
- Department of Surgery, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; Unit of Excellence, Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Genetics (IBGM), University of Valladolid and Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel de la Fuente
- Unit of Excellence, Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Genetics (IBGM), University of Valladolid and Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Valladolid, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Genetics, Histology and Pharmacology, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Dino Gobelli
- Unit of Excellence, Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Genetics (IBGM), University of Valladolid and Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Valladolid, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Genetics, Histology and Pharmacology, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Marta Martín-Fernández
- Department of Cell Biology, Genetics, Histology and Pharmacology, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; BioCritic, Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine, Valladolid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jesús Villar
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute at St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eduardo Tamayo
- Department of Surgery, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; BioCritic, Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine, Valladolid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Anaesthesiology & Critical Care, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - María Simarro
- Unit of Excellence, Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Genetics (IBGM), University of Valladolid and Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Valladolid, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Genetics, Histology and Pharmacology, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
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Wang ZH, Li J, Liu Q, Qian JC, Li QQ, Wang QY, Zeng LT, Li SJ, Gao X, Pan JX, Gao XF, Wu K, Hu GX, Iwakuma T, Cai JP. A modified nucleoside O6-methyl-2'-deoxyguanosine-5'-triphosphate exhibits anti-glioblastoma activity in a caspase-independent manner. Pharmacol Res 2024; 199:106990. [PMID: 37984506 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Resistance to temozolomide (TMZ), the frontline chemotherapeutic agent for glioblastoma (GBM), has emerged as a formidable obstacle, underscoring the imperative to identify alternative therapeutic strategies to improve patient outcomes. In this study, we comprehensively evaluated a novel agent, O6-methyl-2'-deoxyguanosine-5'-triphosphate (O6-methyl-dGTP) for its anti-GBM activity both in vitro and in vivo. Notably, O6-methyl-dGTP exhibited pronounced cytotoxicity against GBM cells, including those resistant to TMZ and overexpressing O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT). Mechanistic investigations revealed that O6-methyl-dGTP could be incorporated into genomic DNA, disrupting nucleotide pools balance, and inducing replication stress, resulting in S-phase arrest and DNA damage. The compound exerted its anti-tumor properties through the activation of AIF-mediated apoptosis and the parthanatos pathway. In vivo studies using U251 and Ln229 cell xenografts supported the robust tumor-inhibitory capacity of O6-methyl-dGTP. In an orthotopic transplantation model with U87MG cells, O6-methyl-dGTP showcased marginally superior tumor-suppressive activity compared to TMZ. In summary, our research, for the first time, underscores the potential of O6-methyl-dGTP as an effective candidate against GBM, laying a robust scientific groundwork for its potential clinical adoption in GBM treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Hui Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China; Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Li
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China
| | - Qian Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China; Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Chang Qian
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qing-Qing Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qing-Yu Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China
| | - Lv-Tao Zeng
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China
| | - Si-Jia Li
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China
| | - Xin Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China
| | - Jia-Xin Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China
| | - Xu-Fan Gao
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Kun Wu
- Wu Xi AppTec (Tianjin) Co., Ltd, China
| | - Guo-Xin Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tomoo Iwakuma
- Children's Mercy Research Institute, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Jian-Ping Cai
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China; Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Li S, Ma H, Yang F, Ding X. cGMP Signaling in Photoreceptor Degeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11200. [PMID: 37446378 PMCID: PMC10342299 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Photoreceptors in the retina are highly specialized neurons with photosensitive molecules in the outer segment that transform light into chemical and electrical signals, and these signals are ultimately relayed to the visual cortex in the brain to form vision. Photoreceptors are composed of rods and cones. Rods are responsible for dim light vision, whereas cones are responsible for bright light, color vision, and visual acuity. Photoreceptors undergo progressive degeneration over time in many hereditary and age-related retinal diseases. Despite the remarkable heterogeneity of disease-causing genes, environmental factors, and pathogenesis, the progressive death of rod and cone photoreceptors ultimately leads to loss of vision/blindness. There are currently no treatments available for retinal degeneration. Cyclic guanosine 3', 5'-monophosphate (cGMP) plays a pivotal role in phototransduction. cGMP governs the cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels on the plasma membrane of the photoreceptor outer segments, thereby regulating membrane potential and signal transmission. By gating the CNG channels, cGMP regulates cellular Ca2+ homeostasis and signal transduction. As a second messenger, cGMP activates the cGMP-dependent protein kinase G (PKG), which regulates numerous targets/cellular events. The dysregulation of cGMP signaling is observed in varieties of photoreceptor/retinal degenerative diseases. Abnormally elevated cGMP signaling interferes with various cellular events, which ultimately leads to photoreceptor degeneration. In line with this, strategies to reduce cellular cGMP signaling result in photoreceptor protection in mouse models of retinal degeneration. The potential mechanisms underlying cGMP signaling-induced photoreceptor degeneration involve the activation of PKG and impaired Ca2+ homeostasis/Ca2+ overload, resulting from overactivation of the CNG channels, as well as the subsequent activation of the downstream cellular stress/death pathways. Thus, targeting the cellular cGMP/PKG signaling and the Ca2+-regulating pathways represents a significant strategy for photoreceptor protection in retinal degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiqin Ding
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (S.L.); (H.M.); (F.Y.)
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Urbano N, Scimeca M, Bonanno E, Bonfiglio R, Mauriello A, Schillaci O. [ 99Tc]Sestamibi bioaccumulation induces apoptosis in prostate cancer cells: an in vitro study. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:2319-2326. [PMID: 35524874 PMCID: PMC9499905 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04439-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The main aim of this preliminary in vitro study was to evaluate both the uptake of [99Tc]Sestamibi into prostate cancer cells and the relationship among [99Tc]Sestamibi bioaccumulation, cancer cells proliferation and apoptosis. An in vitro study in which PC3 prostate cancer cell line was cultured with increasing doses of decayed sestamibi has been developed. Specifically, PC3 cells were incubated with three different concentrations of [99Tc]Sestamibi: 10 µg/mL, 1 µg/mL, and 0.1 µg/mL Expression of apoptotic caspase-3 and AIF, as well as the ultrastructure of PC3 cells, were evaluated at T0 and after 24, 48, 72, and 120 h following [99Tc]Sestamibi incubation. Data here reported showed the bioaccumulation of sestamibi in prostate cancer cells. As concern the cancer cell homeostasis, the treatment of PC3 cells with [99Tc]Sestamibi strongly influenced the cells proliferation. Indeed, a significant reduction in the number of mitosis was observed. Noteworthy, the accumulation of sestamibi in prostate cancer cells was associated with the appearance of morphological signs of apoptosis. The increase in AIF and caspase 3 expression in prostate cancer cells treated with 10 µg/mL of [99Tc]Sestamibi confirmed that this radiopharmaceutical can trigger the apoptosis. To the best of our knowledge, this preliminary study reported for the first time in vitro data about the uptake of sestamibi in prostate cancer cells. The evidence about the accumulation of sestamibi in prostate cancer cells and its role in the apoptosis process could open new clinical perspectives on the use of this radiopharmaceutical in both the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Urbano
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Oncohaematology, Policlinico "Tor Vergata", Viale Oxford 81, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuel Scimeca
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Tor Vergata Oncoscience Research (TOR), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 01, 00133, Rome, Italy. .,San Raffaele Open University of Rome, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166, Rome, Italy.
| | - Elena Bonanno
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Bonfiglio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mauriello
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Tor Vergata Oncoscience Research (TOR), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 01, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Orazio Schillaci
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 01, 00133, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense, 18, 8607, Pozzilli, Italy
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Guéguen Y, Frerejacques M. Review of Knowledge of Uranium-Induced Kidney Toxicity for the Development of an Adverse Outcome Pathway to Renal Impairment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084397. [PMID: 35457214 PMCID: PMC9030063 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
An adverse outcome pathway (AOP) is a conceptual construct of causally and sequentially linked events, which occur during exposure to stressors, with an adverse outcome relevant to risk assessment. The development of an AOP is a means of identifying knowledge gaps in order to prioritize research assessing the health risks associated with exposure to physical or chemical stressors. In this paper, a review of knowledge was proposed, examining experimental and epidemiological data, in order to identify relevant key events and potential key event relationships in an AOP for renal impairment, relevant to stressors such as uranium (U). Other stressors may promote similar pathways, and this review is a necessary step to compare and combine knowledge reported for nephrotoxicants. U metal ions are filtered through the glomerular membrane of the kidneys, then concentrate in the cortical and juxtaglomerular areas, and bind to the brush border membrane of the proximal convoluted tubules. U uptake by epithelial cells occurs through endocytosis and the sodium-dependent phosphate co-transporter (NaPi-IIa). The identified key events start with the inhibition of the mitochondria electron transfer chain and the collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential, due to cytochrome b5/cytochrome c disruption. In the nucleus, U directly interacts with negatively charged DNA phosphate, thereby inducing an adduct formation, and possibly DNA strand breaks or cross-links. U also compromises DNA repair by inhibiting zing finger proteins. Thereafter, U triggers the Nrf2, NF-κB, or endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways. The resulting cellular key events include oxidative stress, DNA strand breaks and chromosomal aberrations, apoptosis, and pro-inflammatory effects. Finally, the main adverse outcome is tubular damage of the S2 and S3 segments of the kidneys, leading to tubular cell death, and then kidney failure. The attribution of renal carcinogenesis due to U is controversial, and specific experimental or epidemiological studies must be conducted. A tentative construction of an AOP for uranium-induced kidney toxicity and failure was proposed.
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Oikawa T, Fukuda T, Yamashita T, Tomita H, Ozaki T. Lentiviral expression of calpain-1 C2-like domain peptide prevents glutamate-induced cell death in mouse hippocampal neuronal HT22 cells. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2022; 58:289-294. [PMID: 35469046 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-022-00683-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Glutamate neurotoxicity is involved in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Excess glutamate causes caspase-independent programmed cell death via oxidative stress and calcium influx. Our previous study showed that calpain-1 localizes to both the cytoplasm and mitochondria, where apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) is cleaved by calpain-1 and translocates to the nucleus to induce DNA fragmentation. The autoinhibitory region of calpain-1 conjugated with the cell-penetrating peptide HIV1-Tat (namely Tat-μCL) specifically prevents the activity of mitochondrial calpain-1 and attenuates neuronal cell death in animal models of retinitis pigmentosa, as well as glutamate-induced cell death in mouse hippocampal HT22 cells. In the present study, we constructed a lentiviral vector expressing the Tat-μCL peptide and evaluated its protective effect against glutamate-induced cell death in HT22 cells. Lentiviral transduction with Tat-μCL significantly suppressed glutamate-induced nuclear translocation of AIF and DNA fragmentation. The findings of the present study suggest that the stable expression of Tat-μCL may be a potential gene therapy modality for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takenori Oikawa
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Fukuda
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Iwate University, 4-3-5 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8551, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Yamashita
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tomita
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Iwate University, 4-3-5 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8551, Japan
| | - Taku Ozaki
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Iwate University, 4-3-5 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8551, Japan.
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Li X, Chen T, Wu X, Jiang X, Luo P, E Z, Hu C, Ren C. Apoptosis-Inducing Factor 2 (AIF-2) Mediates a Caspase-Independent Apoptotic Pathway in the Tropical Sea Cucumber ( Holothuria leucospilota). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063008. [PMID: 35328428 PMCID: PMC8954137 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis, also known as programmed cell death, is a biological process that is critical for embryonic development, organic differentiation, and tissue homeostasis of organisms. As an essential mitochondrial flavoprotein, the apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) can directly mediate the caspase-independent mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. In this study, we identified and characterized a novel AIF-2 (HlAIF-2) from the tropical sea cucumber Holothuria leucospilota. HlAIF-2 contains a conserved Pyr_redox_2 domain and a putative C-terminal nuclear localization sequence (NLS) but lacks an N-terminal mitochondrial localization sequence (MLS). In addition, both NADH- and FAD-binding domains for oxidoreductase function are conserved in HlAIF-2. HlAIF-2 mRNA was ubiquitously detected in all tissues and increased significantly during larval development. The transcript expression of HlAIF-2 was significantly upregulated after treatment with CdCl2, but not the pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) in primary coelomocytes. In HEK293T cells, HlAIF-2 protein was located in the cytoplasm and nucleus, and tended to transfer into the nucleus by CdCl2 incubation. Moreover, there was an overexpression of HlAIF-2-induced apoptosis in HEK293T cells. As a whole, this study provides the first evidence for heavy metal-induced apoptosis mediated by AIF-2 in sea cucumbers, and it may contribute to increasing the basic knowledge of the caspase-independent apoptotic pathway in ancient echinoderm species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology (LMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; (X.L.); (T.C.); (X.J.); (P.L.); (Z.E.); (C.H.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ting Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology (LMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; (X.L.); (T.C.); (X.J.); (P.L.); (Z.E.); (C.H.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Xiaofen Wu
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, University of Paris-Saclay, 91198 Paris, France;
| | - Xiao Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology (LMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; (X.L.); (T.C.); (X.J.); (P.L.); (Z.E.); (C.H.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Peng Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology (LMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; (X.L.); (T.C.); (X.J.); (P.L.); (Z.E.); (C.H.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Zixuan E
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology (LMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; (X.L.); (T.C.); (X.J.); (P.L.); (Z.E.); (C.H.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chaoqun Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology (LMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; (X.L.); (T.C.); (X.J.); (P.L.); (Z.E.); (C.H.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Chunhua Ren
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology (LMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; (X.L.); (T.C.); (X.J.); (P.L.); (Z.E.); (C.H.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510301, China
- Correspondence:
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11
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Zenón-Meléndez CN, Carrasquillo Carrión K, Cantres Rosario Y, Roche Lima A, Meléndez LM. Inhibition of Cathepsin B and SAPC Secreted by HIV-Infected Macrophages Reverses Common and Unique Apoptosis Pathways. J Proteome Res 2022; 21:301-312. [PMID: 34994563 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infects blood monocytes that cross the blood-brain barrier to the central nervous system, inducing neuronal damage. This is prompted by the secretion of viral and neurotoxic factors by HIV-infected macrophages, resulting in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. One of these neurotoxic factors is cathepsin B (CATB), a lysosomal cysteine protease that plays an important role in neurodegeneration. CATB interacts with the serum amyloid P component (SAPC), contributing to HIV-induced neurotoxicity. However, the neuronal apoptosis pathways triggered by CATB and the SAPC remain unknown. We aimed to elucidate these pathways in neurons exposed to HIV-infected macrophage-conditioned media before and after the inhibition of CATB or the SAPC with antibodies using tandem mass tag proteomics labeling. Based on the significant fold change (FC) ≥ |2| and p-value < 0.05 criteria, a total of 10, 48, and 13 proteins were deregulated after inhibiting CATB, SAPC antibodies, and the CATB inhibitor CA-074, respectively. We found that neurons exposed to the CATB antibody and SAPC antibody modulate similar proteins (TUBA1A and CYPA/PPIA) and unique proteins (LMNA and HSPH1 for the CATB antibody) or (CFL1 and PFN1 for the SAPC antibody). CATB, SAPC, or apoptosis-related proteins could become potential targets against HIV-induced neuronal degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille N Zenón-Meléndez
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00935, Puerto Rico
| | - Kelvin Carrasquillo Carrión
- Bioinformatics and Health Informatics, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00935, Puerto Rico
| | - Yadira Cantres Rosario
- Translational Proteomics Center, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00935, Puerto Rico
| | - Abiel Roche Lima
- Bioinformatics and Health Informatics, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00935, Puerto Rico
| | - Loyda M Meléndez
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00935, Puerto Rico.,Translational Proteomics Center, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00935, Puerto Rico
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12
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Akaraphutiporn E, Sunaga T, Bwalya EC, Yanlin W, Carol M, Okumura M. An Insight into the Role of Apoptosis and Autophagy in Nitric Oxide-Induced Articular Chondrocyte Cell Death. Cartilage 2021; 13:826S-838S. [PMID: 33307758 PMCID: PMC8804748 DOI: 10.1177/1947603520976768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role and characterize the molecular mechanisms regulating apoptosis and autophagy in nitric oxide (NO)-induced chondrocyte cell death. DESIGN Cell apoptosis and autophagy were evaluated in chondrocytes treated with sodium nitroprusside (SNP) combined with the presence or absence of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and nutrient-deprived conditions. The concentration of nitrite was determined by Griess reaction. Activation of apoptosis and autophagy were determined by immunocytochemistry, Western blot, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis. Flow cytometry and MTT assay were used to assess cell viability. RESULTS Cotreatment of chondrocytes with SNP and IL-1β under nutrient-deprived condition potentially enhanced the effect of NO-induced cell death. Immunocytochemistry, Western blot, and qPCR analysis indicated that treatment of chondrocytes with SNP significantly reduced autophagic activity, autophagic flux, and multiple autophagy-related (Atg) genes expression. These findings were associated with an increase in ERK, Akt, and mTOR phosphorylation, whereas autophagy induction through mTOR/p70S6K inhibition by rapamycin significantly suppressed NO-induced cell apoptosis. Furthermore, the cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and caspase-3 activation in response to apoptosis was weakly detected. These results corresponded with a significant increase in apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) expression, suggesting the involvement of the caspase-independent pathway. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that in chondrocyte cultures with cells induced into an osteoarthritis state, NO inhibits autophagy and induces chondrocyte apoptosis mainly, but not completely through the caspase-independent pathway. Our data suggest that autophagy is a protective mechanism in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis and could be proposed as a therapeutic target for degenerative joint diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekkapol Akaraphutiporn
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery,
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine,
Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Takafumi Sunaga
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery,
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine,
Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan,Takafumi Sunaga, Laboratory of Veterinary
Surgery, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of
Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo,
Hokkaido, 060-0818, Japan.
| | - Eugene C. Bwalya
- Department of Clinical Studies, Samora
Machel School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Wang Yanlin
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery,
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine,
Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Mwale Carol
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery,
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine,
Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Masahiro Okumura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery,
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine,
Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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13
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Henklewska M, Pawlak A, Li RF, Yi J, Zbyryt I, Obmińska-Mrukowicz B. Benzyl Isothiocyanate, a Vegetable-Derived Compound, Induces Apoptosis via ROS Accumulation and DNA Damage in Canine Lymphoma and Leukemia Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111772. [PMID: 34769202 PMCID: PMC8583731 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment of neoplastic diseases in companion animals is one of the most important problems of modern veterinary medicine. Given the growing interest in substances of natural origin as potential anti-cancer drugs, our goal was to examine the effectiveness of benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC), a compound found in cruciferous vegetables, against canine lymphoma and leukemia. These are the one of the most common canine cancer types, and chemotherapy is the only treatment option. The study involved established cell lines originating from various hematopoietic malignancies: CLBL-1, GL-1, CLB70 and CNK-89, immortalized noncancerous cell lines: MDCK and NIH-3T3 and canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The cytotoxic activity of BITC, apoptosis induction, caspase activity and ROS generation were evaluated by flow cytometry. H2AX phosphorylation was assessed by western blot. The study showed that the compound was especially active against B lymphocyte-derived malignant cells. Their death resulted from caspase-dependent apoptosis. BITC induced ROS accumulation, and glutathione precursor N-acetyl-l-cysteine reversed the effect of the compound, thus proving the role of oxidative stress in BITC activity. In addition, exposure to the compound induced DNA damage in the tested cells. This is the first study that provides information on the activity of BITC in canine hematopoietic malignancies and suggests that the compound may be particularly useful in B-cell neoplasms treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Henklewska
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.P.); (B.O.-M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Aleksandra Pawlak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.P.); (B.O.-M.)
| | - Rong-Fang Li
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (R.-F.L.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jine Yi
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (R.-F.L.); (J.Y.)
| | - Iwona Zbyryt
- Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Bożena Obmińska-Mrukowicz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.P.); (B.O.-M.)
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14
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Hou Y, Liu R, Xia M, Sun C, Zhong B, Yu J, Ai N, Lu JJ, Ge W, Liu B, Chen X. Nannocystin ax, an eEF1A inhibitor, induces G1 cell cycle arrest and caspase-independent apoptosis through cyclin D1 downregulation in colon cancer in vivo. Pharmacol Res 2021; 173:105870. [PMID: 34500061 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Nannocystin ax (NAN), a 21-membered cyclodepsipeptide initially isolated from myxobacteria of the Nannocystis genus, was found to target the eukaryotic elongation factor 1A (eEF1A). The current study was designed to evaluate the anticancer effect and underlying mechanisms of NAN with in vitro and in vivo models. Results showed that NAN induced G1 phase cell cycle arrest and caspase-independent apoptosis in HCT116 and HT29 human CRC cells. NAN significantly downregulated cyclin D1 level in a short time, but NAN did not affect the transcription level and ubiquitin-dependent degradation of cyclin D1. Furthermore, NAN treatment directly targeted eEF1A and partially decreased the synthesis of new proteins, contributing to the downregulation of cyclin D1. Besides, NAN significantly suppressed tumor growth in the zebrafish xenograft model. In conclusion, NAN triggered G1 phase cell cycle arrest through cyclin D1 downregulation and eEF1A-targeted translation inhibition and promoted caspase-independent apoptosis in CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Hou
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Mengwei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Chong Sun
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Bingling Zhong
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Nana Ai
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging (CRDA), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Jin-Jian Lu
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Wei Ge
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging (CRDA), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Xiuping Chen
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China.
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15
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Mathangasinghe Y, Fauvet B, Jane SM, Goloubinoff P, Nillegoda NB. The Hsp70 chaperone system: distinct roles in erythrocyte formation and maintenance. Haematologica 2021; 106:1519-1534. [PMID: 33832207 PMCID: PMC8168490 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.233056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Erythropoiesis is a tightly regulated cell differentiation process in which specialized oxygen- and carbon dioxide-carrying red blood cells are generated in vertebrates. Extensive reorganization and depletion of the erythroblast proteome leading to the deterioration of general cellular protein quality control pathways and rapid hemoglobin biogenesis rates could generate misfolded/aggregated proteins and trigger proteotoxic stresses during erythropoiesis. Such cytotoxic conditions could prevent proper cell differentiation resulting in premature apoptosis of erythroblasts (ineffective erythropoiesis). The heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) molecular chaperone system supports a plethora of functions that help maintain cellular protein homeostasis (proteostasis) and promote red blood cell differentiation and survival. Recent findings show that abnormalities in the expression, localization and function of the members of this chaperone system are linked to ineffective erythropoiesis in multiple hematological diseases in humans. In this review, we present latest advances in our understanding of the distinct functions of this chaperone system in differentiating erythroblasts and terminally differentiated mature erythrocytes. We present new insights into the protein repair-only function(s) of the Hsp70 system, perhaps to minimize protein degradation in mature erythrocytes to warrant their optimal function and survival in the vasculature under healthy conditions. The work also discusses the modulatory roles of this chaperone system in a wide range of hematological diseases and the therapeutic gain of targeting Hsp70.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruno Fauvet
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Lausanne University, Lausanne
| | - Stephen M Jane
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Prahran, Victoria, Australia; Department of Hematology, Alfred Hospital, Monash University, Prahran, Victoria
| | | | - Nadinath B Nillegoda
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria.
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16
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Lange N, Szlasa W, Saczko J, Chwiłkowska A. Potential of Cyanine Derived Dyes in Photodynamic Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:818. [PMID: 34072719 PMCID: PMC8229084 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13060818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a method of cancer treatment that leads to the disintegration of cancer cells and has developed significantly in recent years. The clinically used photosensitizers are primarily porphyrin, which absorbs light in the red spectrum and their absorbance maxima are relatively short. This review presents group of compounds and their derivatives that are considered to be potential photosensitizers in PDT. Cyanine dyes are compounds that typically absorb light in the visible to near-infrared-I (NIR-I) spectrum range (750-900 nm). This meta-analysis comprises the current studies on cyanine dye derivatives, such as indocyanine green (so far used solely as a diagnostic agent), heptamethine and pentamethine dyes, squaraine dyes, merocyanines and phthalocyanines. The wide array of the cyanine derivatives arises from their structural modifications (e.g., halogenation, incorporation of metal atoms or organic structures, or synthesis of lactosomes, emulsions or conjugation). All the following modifications aim to increase solubility in aqueous media, enhance phototoxicity, and decrease photobleaching. In addition, the changes introduce new features like pH-sensitivity. The cyanine dyes involved in photodynamic reactions could be incorporated into sets of PDT agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Lange
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 5, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland; (N.L.); (W.S.)
| | - Wojciech Szlasa
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 5, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland; (N.L.); (W.S.)
| | - Jolanta Saczko
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Chwiłkowska
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
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17
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Soberanes-Gutiérrez CV, Pérez-Rueda E, Ruíz-Herrera J, Galán-Vásquez E. Identifying Genes Devoted to the Cell Death Process in the Gene Regulatory Network of Ustilago maydis. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:680290. [PMID: 34093501 PMCID: PMC8175908 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.680290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell death is a process that can be divided into three morphological patterns: apoptosis, autophagy and necrosis. In fungi, cell death is induced in response to intracellular and extracellular perturbations, such as plant defense molecules, toxins and fungicides, among others. Ustilago maydis is a dimorphic fungus used as a model for pathogenic fungi of animals, including humans, and plants. Here, we reconstructed the transcriptional regulatory network of U. maydis, through homology inferences by using as templates the well-known gene regulatory networks (GRNs) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus nidulans and Neurospora crassa. Based on this GRN, we identified transcription factors (TFs) as hubs and functional modules and calculated diverse topological metrics. In addition, we analyzed exhaustively the module related to cell death, with 60 TFs and 108 genes, where diverse cell proliferation, mating-type switching and meiosis, among other functions, were identified. To determine the role of some of these genes, we selected a set of 11 genes for expression analysis by qRT-PCR (sin3, rlm1, aif1, tdh3 [isoform A], tdh3 [isoform B], ald4, mca1, nuc1, tor1, ras1, and atg8) whose homologues in other fungi have been described as central in cell death. These genes were identified as downregulated at 72 h, in agreement with the beginning of the cell death process. Our results can serve as the basis for the study of transcriptional regulation, not only of the cell death process but also of all the cellular processes of U. maydis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinthia V. Soberanes-Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Genética, Unidad Irapuato, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Irapuato, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Ciencias Agrogenómicas, de la Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad León, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, León, Mexico
| | - Ernesto Pérez-Rueda
- Unidad Académica Yucatán, Instituto de Investigaciones en Matemáticas Aplicadas y en Sistemas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mérida, Mexico
| | - José Ruíz-Herrera
- Laboratorio de Ciencias Agrogenómicas, de la Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad León, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, León, Mexico
| | - Edgardo Galán-Vásquez
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas Computacionales y Automatización, Instituto de Investigación en Matemáticas Aplicadas y en Sistemas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México - Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, Mexico
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18
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DNase II mediates a parthanatos-like developmental cell death pathway in Drosophila primordial germ cells. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2285. [PMID: 33863891 PMCID: PMC8052343 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22622-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
During Drosophila embryonic development, cell death eliminates 30% of the primordial germ cells (PGCs). Inhibiting apoptosis does not prevent PGC death, suggesting a divergence from the conventional apoptotic program. Here, we demonstrate that PGCs normally activate an intrinsic alternative cell death (ACD) pathway mediated by DNase II release from lysosomes, leading to nuclear translocation and subsequent DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). DSBs activate the DNA damage-sensing enzyme, Poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) and the ATR/Chk1 branch of the DNA damage response. PARP-1 and DNase II engage in a positive feedback amplification loop mediated by the release of PAR polymers from the nucleus and the nuclear accumulation of DNase II in an AIF- and CypA-dependent manner, ultimately resulting in PGC death. Given the anatomical and molecular similarities with an ACD pathway called parthanatos, these findings reveal a parthanatos-like cell death pathway active during Drosophila development.
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19
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Selective Anti-Cancer Effects of Plasma-Activated Medium and Its High Efficacy with Cisplatin on Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Cancer Stem Cell Characteristics. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22083956. [PMID: 33921230 PMCID: PMC8069277 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major histological subtype of primary liver cancer. Ample evidence suggests that the pathological properties of HCC originate from hepatic cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are responsible for carcinogenesis, recurrence, and drug resistance. Cold atmospheric-pressure plasma (CAP) and plasma-activated medium (PAM) induce apoptosis in cancer cells and represent novel and powerful anti-cancer agents. This study aimed to determine the anti-cancer effect of CAP and PAM in HCC cell lines with CSC characteristics. We showed that the air-based CAP and PAM selectively induced cell death in Hep3B and Huh7 cells with CSC characteristics, but not in the normal liver cell line, MIHA. We observed both caspase-dependent and -independent cell death in the PAM-treated HCC cell lines. Moreover, we determined whether combinatorial PAM therapy with various anti-cancer agents have an additive effect on cell death in Huh7. We found that PAM highly increased the efficacy of the chemotherapeutic agent, cisplatin, while enhanced the anti-cancer effect of doxorubicin and the targeted-therapy drugs, trametinib and sorafenib to a lesser extent. These findings support the application of CAP and PAM as anti-cancer agents to induce selective cell death in cancers containing CSCs, suggesting that the combinatorial use of PAM and some specific anti-cancer agents is complemented mechanistically.
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20
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Wong YH, Zhang Y, Lun JCY, Qiu JW. A proteomic analysis of skeletal tissue anomaly in the brain coral Platygyra carnosa. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 164:111982. [PMID: 33517085 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.111982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Coral skeletal growth anomaly (GA) is a common coral disease. It has been considered as a pathological condition comparable to abnormal tissue growth in mammals, but little is known about the molecular changes underlying coral GA. To investigate the molecular pathology of GA, we compared the proteome between normal and GA-affected tissues of the brain coral Platygyra carnosa using iTRAQ-labeling and LC-MS/MS, which quantified 818 proteins and identified 117 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). GO analyses revealed DEPs that might be related to GA included "translational elongation", "proteasome core complex", "amine metabolic processes" and "lysosome". Several proteins implicated in calcification and fluorescence were differentially expressed at both protein and mRNA level. Protein-protein interaction network suggested possible involvement of TNF receptor signaling in GA. Overall, our results provided novel insights into the molecular pathology of coral GA, which will pave the way for determination of the causative agent(s) of this coral disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Him Wong
- Institute for Advance Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-environmental Science, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Marine Algal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China.
| | - Janice C Y Lun
- Agriculture, Fishery and Conservation Department, The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Jian-Wen Qiu
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China; Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; HKBU Institute of Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China.
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21
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Bellanti F, Lo Buglio A, Vendemiale G. Mitochondrial Impairment in Sarcopenia. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10010031. [PMID: 33418869 PMCID: PMC7825073 DOI: 10.3390/biology10010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is defined by the age-related loss of skeletal muscle quality, which relies on mitochondrial homeostasis. During aging, several mitochondrial features such as bioenergetics, dynamics, biogenesis, and selective autophagy (mitophagy) are altered and impinge on protein homeostasis, resulting in loss of muscle mass and function. Thus, mitochondrial dysfunction contributes significantly to the complex pathogenesis of sarcopenia, and mitochondria are indicated as potential targets to prevent and treat this age-related condition. After a concise presentation of the age-related modifications in skeletal muscle quality and mitochondrial homeostasis, the present review summarizes the most relevant findings related to mitochondrial alterations in sarcopenia.
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22
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Bankell E, Dahl S, Gidlöf O, Svensson D, Nilsson BO. LL-37-induced caspase-independent apoptosis is associated with plasma membrane permeabilization in human osteoblast-like cells. Peptides 2021; 135:170432. [PMID: 33129893 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2020.170432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The host defense peptide LL-37 is active against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, but it has also been shown to reduce human host cell viability. However, the mechanisms behind LL-37-induced human host cell cytotoxicity are not yet fully understood. Here, we assess if LL-37-evoked attenuation of human osteoblast-like MG63 cell viability is associated with apoptosis, and if the underlying mechanism may involve LL-37-induced plasma membrane permeabilization. MG63 cell viability and plasma membrane permeabilization were investigated by using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method and by measuring lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, respectively. Apoptosis was assessed by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay and Annexin V flow cytometry, and caspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage were determined by Western blot. LL-37 (4 and 10 μM) reduced both cell number and cell viability, and these effects were associated with a pro-apoptotic effect demonstrated by positive TUNEL staining and Annexin V flow cytometry. LL-37-induced apoptosis was not coupled to either caspase-3 or PARP cleavage, suggesting that LL-37 causes caspase-independent apoptosis in MG63 cells. Both LL-37 and the well-known plasma membrane permeabilizer Triton X-100 reduced cell viability and stimulated LDH release. Triton X-100-treated cells showed positive TUNEL staining, and the detergent accumulated cells in late apoptosis/necrosis. Similar to LL-37, Triton X-100 caused no PARP cleavage. We conclude that LL-37 promotes caspase-independent apoptosis, and that this effect seems coupled to plasma membrane permeabilization in human MG63 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Bankell
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sara Dahl
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Olof Gidlöf
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Daniel Svensson
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Bengt-Olof Nilsson
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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23
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Pierozan P, Cattani D, Karlsson O. Hippocampal neural stem cells are more susceptible to the neurotoxin BMAA than primary neurons: effects on apoptosis, cellular differentiation, neurite outgrowth, and DNA methylation. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:910. [PMID: 33099583 PMCID: PMC7585576 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03093-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Developmental exposure to the environmental neurotoxin β-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA), a proposed risk factor for neurodegenerative disease, can induce long-term cognitive impairments and neurodegeneration in rats. While rodent studies have demonstrated a low transfer of BMAA to the adult brain, this toxin is capable to cross the placental barrier and accumulate in the fetal brain. Here, we investigated the differential susceptibility of primary neuronal cells and neural stem cells from fetal rat hippocampus to BMAA toxicity. Exposure to 250 µM BMAA induced cell death in neural stem cells through caspase-independent apoptosis, while the proliferation of primary neurons was reduced only at 3 mM BMAA. At the lowest concentrations tested (50 and 100 µM), BMAA disrupted neural stem cell differentiation and impaired neurite development in neural stem cell-derived neurons (e.g., reduced neurite length, the number of processes and branches per cell). BMAA induced no alterations of the neurite outgrowth in primary neurons. This demonstrates that neural stem cells are more susceptible to BMAA exposure than primary neurons. Importantly, the changes induced by BMAA in neural stem cells were mitotically inherited to daughter cells. The persistent nature of the BMAA-induced effects may be related to epigenetic alterations that interfere with the neural stem cell programming, as BMAA exposure reduced the global DNA methylation in the cells. These findings provide mechanistic understanding of how early-life exposure to BMAA may lead to adverse long-term consequences, and potentially predispose for neurodevelopmental disorders or neurodegenerative disease later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Pierozan
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, 114 18, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daiane Cattani
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, 114 18, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Oskar Karlsson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, 114 18, Stockholm, Sweden.
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24
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Revisiting Traumatic Brain Injury: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Interventions. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8100389. [PMID: 33003373 PMCID: PMC7601301 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8100389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Studying the complex molecular mechanisms involved in traumatic brain injury (TBI) is crucial for developing new therapies for TBI. Current treatments for TBI are primarily focused on patient stabilization and symptom mitigation. However, the field lacks defined therapies to prevent cell death, oxidative stress, and inflammatory cascades which lead to chronic pathology. Little can be done to treat the mechanical damage that occurs during the primary insult of a TBI; however, secondary injury mechanisms, such as inflammation, blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown, edema formation, excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, and cell death, can be targeted by therapeutic interventions. Elucidating the many mechanisms underlying secondary injury and studying targets of neuroprotective therapeutic agents is critical for developing new treatments. Therefore, we present a review on the molecular events following TBI from inflammation to programmed cell death and discuss current research and the latest therapeutic strategies to help understand TBI-mediated secondary injury.
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25
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Macrophage migration inhibitory factor inhibition as a novel therapeutic approach against triple-negative breast cancer. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:774. [PMID: 32943608 PMCID: PMC7498597 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02992-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), defined as loss of estrogen, progesterone, and Her2 receptors, is a subtype of highly aggressive breast cancer with worse prognosis and poor survival rate. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pleiotropic pro-inflammatory cytokine aberrantly expressed in many solid tumors and known to promote tumor progression and metastasis. However, its role in TNBC progression and metastasis is unexplored. Here we have shown that in TNBC patients, MIF expression was significantly enriched in the tumor compared to adjacent normal tissue. Using publically available patient datasets, we showed that MIF overexpression correlates with worse survival in TNBC compared to other hormonal status. Orthotopic implantation of TNBC cells into MIF knockout mice showed reduced tumor growth compared to wild-type mice. In addition, we have shown that MIF downregulation inhibits TNBC growth and progression in a syngeneic mouse model. We further showed that CPSI-1306, a small-molecule MIF inhibitor, inhibits the growth of TNBC cells in vitro. Mechanistic studies revealed that CPSI-1306 induces intrinsic apoptosis by alteration in mitochondrial membrane potential, cytochrome c (Cyt c) release, and activation of different caspases. In addition, CPSI-1306 inhibits the activation of cell survival and proliferation-related molecules. CPSI-1306 treatment also reduced the tumor growth and metastasis in orthotopic mouse models of mammary carcinoma. CPSI-1306 treatment of tumor-bearing mice significantly inhibited TNBC growth and pulmonary metastasis in a dose-dependent manner. Histological analysis of xenograft tumors revealed a higher number of apoptotic cells in CPSI-1306-treated tumors compared to vehicle controls. Our studies, for the first time, show that MIF overexpression in TNBC enhances growth and metastasis. Taken together, our results indicate that using small molecular weight MIF inhibitors could be a promising strategy to inhibit TNBC progression and metastasis.
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26
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Houssein M, Abi Saab W, Khalil M, Khalife H, Fatfat M. Cell Death by Gallotannin Is Associated with Inhibition of the JAK/STAT Pathway in Human Colon Cancer Cells. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp 2020; 92:100589. [PMID: 32714471 PMCID: PMC7378856 DOI: 10.1016/j.curtheres.2020.100589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gallotannin (GT) is a polyphenol that possesses interesting anticancer properties. However, the mechanisms underlying its antitumor effects have not been well defined. Objective This study was designed to clarify the mechanisms underlying GT antitumor effects in colon cancer cell lines. Methods Three isogenic HCT116 cell lines (p53+/+, p53-/-, and p21-/-) were treated with GT for different time points then Western blot, flow cytometry, and senescence analysis were performed to examine the effect of GT on Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) effectors, STAT3 downstream apoptotic targets, Sub-G1 phase, and programmed cell death induction. Transfection using Invitrogen Lipofectamine 2000 Transfection Reagent (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, Massachusetts) were used to identify the role of p53 and p21 in the p53-/- and p21-/- cell lines. Results Both low and high GT concentrations caused MAPKs activation marked by upregulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK). The preincubation with the antioxidant Tiron (Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, Missouri) showed that GT's antitumor effects were not mediated by reactive oxygen species. We then examined the effect of GT on the JAK/STAT pathway, which is known to be activated in colorectal cancer. GT totally inhibited the JAK/STAT pathway effectors JAK2, STAT1, and STAT3 and their downstream apoptotic regulators B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xL) and c-Myc in all 3 cell lines. HCT116 cancer cells exhibited differential sensitivity to GT with p21-/- cells being the most sensitive and p53+/+ cells that express p21 protein being the least sensitive. In p53+/+ cells, GT induced senescence, whereas in p53-/- and p21-/- cells, GT induced apoptosis in a caspase independent manner marked by Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase (PARP) cleavage, Bcl-2 downregulation, and upregulation of the Bcl-2 associated X (Bax) to B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) ratio. In addition, the sub-G1 phase exceeded 50% in p21-/- cells. Conclusions Considered together, our results indicate that GT is potent inhibitor of the JAK/STAT pathway in colon cancer irrespective of the p53 and p21 status, which provides insights into its mechanism of anticancer activities and future potential for clinical translation. (Curr Ther Res Clin Exp. 2020; 81:XXX-XXX).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Houssein
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon.,Center for Drug Discovery, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Widian Abi Saab
- Department of Biology, American University of Beirut, Lebanon.,Department of Biology College of Arts and Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine United State, San Diego, California, United State
| | - Mahmoud Khalil
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hala Khalife
- Rammal Laboratory (ATAC), Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University Hadath, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Maamoun Fatfat
- Center for Drug Discovery, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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27
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Kumaresan A, Das Gupta M, Datta TK, Morrell JM. Sperm DNA Integrity and Male Fertility in Farm Animals: A Review. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:321. [PMID: 32637425 PMCID: PMC7317013 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The accurate prediction of male fertility is of major economic importance in the animal breeding industry. However, the results of conventional semen analysis do not always correlate with field fertility outcomes. There is evidence to indicate that mammalian fertilization and subsequent embryo development depend, in part, on the inherent integrity of the sperm DNA. Understanding the complex packaging of mammalian sperm chromatin and assessment of DNA integrity could potentially provide a benchmark in clinical infertility. In the era of assisted reproduction, especially when in-vitro fertilization or gamete intrafallopian transfer or intracytoplasmic sperm injection is used, assessment of sperm DNA integrity is important because spermatozoa are not subjected to the selection process occurring naturally in the female reproductive tract. Although sperm DNA integrity testing measures a significant biological parameter, its precise role in the infertility evaluation in farm animals remains unclear. In this review, the earlier findings on sperm DNA integrity in relation to male fertility are compiled and analyzed. Furthermore, the causes and consequences of sperm DNA damage are described, together with a review of advances in methods for detection of sperm DNA damage, and the prognostic value of sperm DNA quality on male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arumugam Kumaresan
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of National Dairy Research Institute (ICAR), Bengaluru, India
| | - Mohua Das Gupta
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of National Dairy Research Institute (ICAR), Bengaluru, India
| | - Tirtha Kumar Datta
- Animal Genomics Laboratory, National Dairy Research Institute (ICAR), Karnal, India
| | - Jane M. Morrell
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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28
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Ueno Y, Kawamoto Y, Nakane Y, Natsume R, Miura K, Okumura Y, Murate T, Hattori E, Osawa T. Oxidized Perilla and Linseed Oils Induce Neuronal Apoptosis by Caspase-Dependent and -Independent Pathways. Foods 2020; 9:foods9050538. [PMID: 32357550 PMCID: PMC7278870 DOI: 10.3390/foods9050538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), a polyunsaturated fatty acid, is involved in bioregulatory functions. In recent years, the health-promoting effects of vegetable-derived edible oils rich in ALA have attracted attention. ALA has a variety of physiological effects such as anti-arteriosclerotic and antiallergic properties, but is prone to oxidation. Therefore, safety concerns exist with regard to adverse effects on humans induced by its oxides. However, the effects on neuronal cells induced by oxidized ALA-rich oils, such as perilla and linseed oils, have not been fully investigated. This information is very important from the viewpoint of food safety. In this study, we investigated the effects of oxidized perilla and linseed oils, which are rich in ALA, on the toxicity of neuronal SH-SY5Y cells. Perilla and linseed oils were significantly oxidized compared with other edible vegetable oils. These oxidized oils induce neuronal cell death and apoptosis via caspase-dependent and -independent pathways through reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Furthermore, they suppressed neurite outgrowth. These results suggest that oxidized perilla and linseed oils have the potential to cause neuronal loss and ROS-mediated apoptosis, and thus may affect the onset and progression of neurodegenerative disorders and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Ueno
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Psychological and Physical Science, Aichi Gakuin University, 12 Araike Iwasaki-cho, Nisshin, Aichi 470-0195, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-561-73-1111
| | - Yoshiyuki Kawamoto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Collage of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - Yamato Nakane
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Psychological and Physical Science, Aichi Gakuin University, 12 Araike Iwasaki-cho, Nisshin, Aichi 470-0195, Japan
| | - Risa Natsume
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Psychological and Physical Science, Aichi Gakuin University, 12 Araike Iwasaki-cho, Nisshin, Aichi 470-0195, Japan
| | - Kyoko Miura
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Psychological and Physical Science, Aichi Gakuin University, 12 Araike Iwasaki-cho, Nisshin, Aichi 470-0195, Japan
| | - Yui Okumura
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Collage of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - Takashi Murate
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Collage of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - Emi Hattori
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Psychological and Physical Science, Aichi Gakuin University, 12 Araike Iwasaki-cho, Nisshin, Aichi 470-0195, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Osawa
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Psychological and Physical Science, Aichi Gakuin University, 12 Araike Iwasaki-cho, Nisshin, Aichi 470-0195, Japan
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29
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Hu T, Shi JJ, Fang J, Wang Q, Chen YB, Zhang SJ. Quercetin ameliorates diabetic encephalopathy through SIRT1/ER stress pathway in db/db mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:7015-7029. [PMID: 32312941 PMCID: PMC7202537 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Studies have shown that diabetes is an important risk factor for cognitive dysfunction, also called diabetic encephalopathy (DE). Quercetin has been reported to be effective in improving cognitive dysfunction in DE. But its detailed mechanism is still ambiguous. In this study, we used db/db mice to investigate whether quercetin could activate SIRT1 and inhibit ER pathways to improve DE. Behavioral tests (Morris water maze and new objects) showed that quercetin (70 mg/kg) can effectively improve the learning and memory ability in db/db mice. OGTT and ITT tests indicated that quercetin could alleviate impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance in db/db mice. Western blot analysis and Nissl staining showed that quercetin can improve the expression of nerve and synapse-associated proteins (PSD93, PSD95, NGF and BDNF) and inhibit neurodegeneration. Meanwhile, quercetin up-regulates SIRT1 protein expression and inhibits the expression of ER signaling pathway-related proteins (PERK, IRE-1α, ATF6, eIF2α, BIP and PDI). In addition, oxidative stress levels were significantly reduced after quercetin treatment. In conclusion, current experimental results indicated that SIRT1/ER stress is a promising mechanism involved in quercetin-treated diabetic encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Hu
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Jing Shi
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiansong Fang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun-Bo Chen
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Jie Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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30
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Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although TBI leads to mechanical damage during initial impact, secondary damage also occurs as results from delayed neurochemical process and intracellular signaling pathways. Accumulated animal and human studies demonstrated that apoptotic mechanism contributes to overall pathology of TBI. Apoptotic cell death has been identified within contusional brain lesion at acute phase of TBI and in region remote from the site directly injured in days to weeks after trauma. TBI is also dynamic conditions that cause neuronal decline overtime and is likely due to neurodegenerative mechanisms years after trauma. Current studies have even suggested association of neuronal damage through apoptotic pathway with mild TBI, which contributes chronic persistent neurological symptoms and cognitive deficits. Thus, a better understanding of the acute and chronic consequences of apoptosis following TBI is required. The purpose of this review is to describe (1) neuronal apoptotic pathway following TBI, (2) contribution of apoptosis to acute and chronic phase of TBI, and (3) current treatment targeting on apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Akamatsu
- Division of Neurosurgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Khalid A Hanafy
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Division of Neurointensive Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 3 Blackfan Circle Rm 639, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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31
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Das D, Fayazzadeh E, Li X, Koirala N, Wadera A, Lang M, Zernic M, Panick C, Nesbitt P, McLennan G. Quiescent hepatic stellate cells induce toxicity and sensitivity to doxorubicin in cancer cells through a caspase-independent cell death pathway: Central role of apoptosis-inducing factor. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:6167-6182. [PMID: 31975386 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major health problem worldwide and in the United States as its incidence has increased substantially within the past two decades. HCC therapy remains a challenge, primarily due to underlying liver disorders such as cirrhosis that determines treatment approach and efficacy. Activated hepatic stellate cells (A-HSCs) are the key cell types involved in hepatic fibrosis/cirrhosis. A-HSCs are important constituents of HCC tumor microenvironment (TME) and support tumor growth, chemotherapy resistance, cancer cell migration, and escaping immune surveillance. This makes A-HSCs an important therapeutic target in hepatic fibrosis/cirrhosis as well as in HCC. Although many studies have reported the role of A-HSCs in cancer generation and investigated the therapeutic potential of A-HSCs reversion in cancer arrest, not much is known about inactivated or quiescent HSCs (Q-HSCs) in cancer growth or arrest. Here we report that Q-HSCs resist cancer cell growth by inducing cytotoxicity and enhancing chemotherapy sensitivity. We observed that the conditioned media from Q-HSCs (Q-HSCCM) induces cancer cell death through a caspase-independent mechanism that involves an increase in apoptosis-inducing factor expression, nuclear localization, DNA fragmentation, and cell death. We further observed that Q-HSCCM enhanced the efficiency of doxorubicin, as measured by cell viability assay. Exosomes present in the conditioned media were not involved in the mechanism, which suggests the role of other factors (proteins, metabolites, or microRNA) secreted by the cells. Identification and characterization of these factors are important in the development of effective HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dola Das
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Ehsan Fayazzadeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Section of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Nischal Koirala
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Akshay Wadera
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Min Lang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Maximilian Zernic
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Catherine Panick
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Dotter Department of Interventional Radiology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Pete Nesbitt
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, Pennsylvania
| | - Gordon McLennan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Section of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
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32
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Miller JJ, Blanchet A, Orvain C, Nouchikian L, Reviriot Y, Clarke RM, Martelino D, Wilson D, Gaiddon C, Storr T. Bifunctional ligand design for modulating mutant p53 aggregation in cancer. Chem Sci 2019; 10:10802-10814. [PMID: 32055386 PMCID: PMC7006507 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc04151f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein misfolding and aggregation contributes to the development of a wide range of diseases. In cancer, over 50% of diagnoses are attributed to p53 malfunction due to missense mutations, many of which result in protein misfolding and accelerated aggregation. p53 mutations also frequently result in alteration or loss of zinc at the DNA-binding site, which increases aggregation via nucleation with zinc-bound p53. Herein, we designed two novel bifunctional ligands, LI and LH , to modulate mutant p53 aggregation and restore zinc binding using a metallochaperone approach. Interestingly, only the incorporation of iodine function in LI resulted in modulation of mutant p53 aggregation, both in recombinant and cellular environments. Native mass spectrometry shows a protein-ligand interaction for LI , as opposed to LH , which is hypothesized to lead to the distinct difference in the p53 aggregation profile for the two ligands. Incorporation of a di-2-picolylamine binding unit into the ligand design provided efficient intracellular zinc uptake, resulting in metallochaperone capability for both LI and LH . The ability of LI to reduce mutant p53 aggregation results in increased restoration of p53 transcriptional function and mediates both caspase-dependent and -independent cell death pathways. We further demonstrate that LI exhibits minimal toxicity in non-cancerous organoids, and that it is well tolerated in mice. These results demonstrate that iodination of our ligand framework restores p53 function by interacting with and inhibiting mutant p53 aggregation and highlights LI as a suitable candidate for comprehensive in vivo anticancer preclinical evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica J Miller
- Department of Chemistry , Simon Fraser University , Burnaby , British Columbia V5A 1S6 , Canada .
| | - Anaïs Blanchet
- Inserm UMR_S 1113 , Université de Strasbourg , Molecular Mechanisms of Stress Response and Pathologies , Strasbourg , France .
| | - Christophe Orvain
- Inserm UMR_S 1113 , Université de Strasbourg , Molecular Mechanisms of Stress Response and Pathologies , Strasbourg , France .
| | - Lucienne Nouchikian
- Chemistry Department , York University , 6 Thompson Road , Toronto , Ontario M3J 1L3 , Canada
| | - Yasmin Reviriot
- Department of Chemistry , Simon Fraser University , Burnaby , British Columbia V5A 1S6 , Canada .
| | - Ryan M Clarke
- Department of Chemistry , Simon Fraser University , Burnaby , British Columbia V5A 1S6 , Canada .
| | - Diego Martelino
- Department of Chemistry , Simon Fraser University , Burnaby , British Columbia V5A 1S6 , Canada .
| | - Derek Wilson
- Chemistry Department , York University , 6 Thompson Road , Toronto , Ontario M3J 1L3 , Canada
| | - Christian Gaiddon
- Inserm UMR_S 1113 , Université de Strasbourg , Molecular Mechanisms of Stress Response and Pathologies , Strasbourg , France .
| | - Tim Storr
- Department of Chemistry , Simon Fraser University , Burnaby , British Columbia V5A 1S6 , Canada .
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Induction of growth cessation by acacetin via β-catenin pathway and apoptosis by apoptosis inducing factor activation in colorectal carcinoma cells. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 47:987-1001. [PMID: 31734898 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05191-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Acacetin, a bioflavanoid, contains anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities as shown in different experimental models. However, its anticancer potential and mechanism of action against colorectal cancer cells is largely unknown. Here, we have investigated the efficacy of acacetin using two colorectal adenocarcinoma SW480 and HCT-116 cell lines. Cell survival was examined by Trypan-blue exclusion and MTT assays, cell cycle analysis by FACS, apoptosis was assessed using Annexin V FITC assay and nuclear condensation by Hoechst staining, ROS level by DCFDA and Mitosox, and protein expression level by Western blotting. Acacetin reduced the cell survival and proliferation of both types of cells, and induced S- and G2-M phase arrest and also reduced the levels of β-catenin and its downstream target c-myc. Further, acacetin induced apoptosis as examined by Annexin-V FITC and nuclear condensation. It increased intracellular ROS production, especially mitochondrial ROS. Acacetin increased mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization and Bax:Bcl-2 ratio. Although significant changes in caspases -8 and -9 and PARP level was not observed, acacetin could induce the truncation and subsequent translocation of activated AIF from mitochondria to cytosol, which could further induce chromosomal breakage leading to apoptosis. In conclusion, Acacetin induces mitochondrial ROS-mediated cell death in a caspase-independent manner in SW480 and HCT-116 colon carcinoma cells by inducing apoptosis inducing factor (AIF), which may potentiate its anticancer and chemotherapeutic prospects against colorectal carcinoma.
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Aslam AS, Fuwad A, Ryu H, Selvaraj B, Song JW, Kim DW, Kim SM, Lee JW, Jeon TJ, Cho DG. Synthetic Anion Transporters as Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress Inducers. Org Lett 2019; 21:7828-7832. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adil S. Aslam
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmed Fuwad
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunil Ryu
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Baskar Selvaraj
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung Institute, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Won Song
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Won Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Science, College of Dentistry, Gangneung Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Min Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Wook Lee
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung Institute, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Joon Jeon
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Gyu Cho
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
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Goniothalamin Induces Necroptosis and Anoikis in Human Invasive Breast Cancer MDA-MB-231 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20163953. [PMID: 31416203 PMCID: PMC6720804 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Goniothalamin (GTN) is toxic to several types of cancer cells in vitro. However, its effects on non-apoptotic cell death induction of human cancer cells have been poorly documented. Here, an investigation of the anti-cancer activity of GTN and the molecular signaling pathways of non-apoptotic cell death in the invasive human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell line were undertaken. Apoptotic cell death was suppressed by using a pan-caspase inhibitor (Benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp-[O-methyl]-fluoromethylketone), z-VAD-fmk) as a model to study whether GTN induced caspase-independent cell death. In the anoikis study, MDA-MB-231 cells were cultured on poly-(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)- or poly-HEMA- coated plates to mimic anoikis-resistance growth and determine whether GTN induced cell death and the mechanisms involved. GTN and z-VAD-fmk induced human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells to undergo necroptosis via endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and oxidative stresses, with increased expressions of necroptotic genes such as rip1, rip3, and mlkl. GTN induced MDA-MB-231 cells to undergo anoikis via reversed epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) protein expressions, inhibited the EGFR/FAK/Src survival signaling pathway, and decreased matrix metalloproteinase secretion.
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Teoh PL, Liau M, Cheong BE. Phyla nodiflora L. Extracts Induce Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest in Human Breast Cancer Cell Line, MCF-7. Nutr Cancer 2019; 71:668-675. [PMID: 30663402 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2018.1559942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Phyla nodiflora L. has been used as medicinal remedies for various ailments due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-tumor activity. Previously, we found that the plant extracts induced DNA fragmentation in MCF-7. This study was to investigate the modes of action of P. nodiflora in inhibiting breast cancer cells using leaf ethyl acetate (EA leaf), stem ethyl acetate (EA stem) and stem methanol (Met stem) extracts. The MTT assay showed that the anti-proliferative effects of P. nodiflora extracts were selective towards MCF-7 with a minimal effect on MCF10A. Morphological changes such as cell shrinkage and nuclear condensation were observed in treated cells. We found that induction of apoptosis by EA leaf and EA stem was mitochondrial-dependent while loss of mitochondrial membrane potential was not found in Met stem-treated cells. In addition, the expression levels of AIFM1, CASP9, CFLAR, and IGF1R were altered after treatment. Decreased BCL-2 expression was found in treated cells while BAX and caspases' expression was upregulated or maintained. All extracts caused perturbation of cell cycle at S phase by dysregulating the expression of cell cycle regulators such as CDKs and cyclins. Our findings indicate that P. nodiflora inhibits MCF-7 cells by inducing apoptosis and perturbing cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peik Lin Teoh
- a Biotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah , Kota Kinabalu , Sabah , Malaysia
| | - Monica Liau
- a Biotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah , Kota Kinabalu , Sabah , Malaysia
| | - Bo Eng Cheong
- a Biotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah , Kota Kinabalu , Sabah , Malaysia
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Genetic Instability and Chromatin Remodeling in Spermatids. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10010040. [PMID: 30646585 PMCID: PMC6356297 DOI: 10.3390/genes10010040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The near complete replacement of somatic chromatin in spermatids is, perhaps, the most striking nuclear event known to the eukaryotic domain. The process is far from being fully understood, but research has nevertheless unraveled its complexity as an expression of histone variants and post-translational modifications that must be finely orchestrated to promote the DNA topological change and compaction provided by the deposition of protamines. That this major transition may not be genetically inert came from early observations that transient DNA strand breaks were detected in situ at chromatin remodeling steps. The potential for genetic instability was later emphasized by our demonstration that a significant number of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are formed and then repaired in the haploid context of spermatids. The detection of DNA breaks by 3'OH end labeling in the whole population of spermatids suggests that a reversible enzymatic process is involved, which differs from canonical apoptosis. We have set the stage for a better characterization of the genetic impact of this transition by showing that post-meiotic DNA fragmentation is conserved from human to yeast, and by providing tools for the initial mapping of the genome-wide DSB distribution in the mouse model. Hence, the molecular mechanism of post-meiotic DSB formation and repair in spermatids may prove to be a significant component of the well-known male mutation bias. Based on our recent observations and a survey of the literature, we propose that the chromatin remodeling in spermatids offers a proper context for the induction of de novo polymorphism and structural variations that can be transmitted to the next generation.
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DING L, LI J, LI W, FANG Z, LI N, WU S, LI J, HONG M. p53- and ROS-mediated AIF pathway involved in TGEV-induced apoptosis. J Vet Med Sci 2018; 80:1775-1781. [PMID: 30249935 PMCID: PMC6261820 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.18-0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) could induce apoptosis through caspase signaling. However, apoptosis was not completely prevented by caspases inhibitors, suggesting that there may be a caspase-independent pathway involved in TGEV-induced cell apoptosis. In this study, we investigated the regulation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) on TGEV-induced apoptotic pathway. Results indicated that AIF translocated from the mitochondria to nucleus during TGEV infection, and the AIF inhibitor, N-phenylmaleimide (NP), significantly attenuated the apoptosis. In addition, the translocation of AIF was inhibited by Veliparib (ABT-888), an inhibitor of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). And the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger, pyrrolidinedithiocarbamic (PDTC), redistributed AIF in the mitochondria and nucleus in TGEV-infected cells. Moreover, the protein levels in nucleus and the mRNA levels of AIF were inhibited in the presence of the p53 inhibitor, pifithrin-α (PFT-α) or in TGEV-infected p53-/-cells. Furthermore, TGEV-induced apoptosis was blocked by combination of three or more inhibitors, such as pan caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK, NP, ABT-888, PDTC, PFT-α, to treat PK-15 cells. Taken together, these results suggest that the p53- and ROS-mediated AIF pathway and caspase-dependent pathway were involved in TGEV-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li DING
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Jiawei LI
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Weihao LI
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Zhenhua FANG
- School of Tropical Agricultural Technology, Hainan College of Vocation and Technique, Haikou, Hainan 570216, China
| | - Na LI
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Shannan WU
- Hainan Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Haikou, Hainan 570311, China
| | - Jiangyue LI
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Meiling HONG
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
- Correspondence to: Hong, M.:
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Porte Alcon S, Gorojod RM, Kotler ML. Regulated Necrosis Orchestrates Microglial Cell Death in Manganese-Induced Toxicity. Neuroscience 2018; 393:206-225. [PMID: 30316909 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Microglia, the brain resident immune cells, play prominent roles in immune surveillance, tissue repair and neural regeneration. Despite these pro-survival actions, the relevance of these cells in the progression of several neuropathologies has been established. In the context of manganese (Mn) overexposure, it has been proposed that microglial activation contributes to enhance the neurotoxicity. However, the occurrence of a direct cytotoxic effect of Mn on microglial cells remains controversial. In the present work, we investigated the potential vulnerability of immortalized mouse microglial cells (BV-2) toward Mn2+, focusing on the signaling pathways involved in cell death. Evidence obtained showed that Mn2+ induces a decrease in cell viability which is associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. In this report we demonstrated, for the first time, that Mn2+ triggers regulated necrosis (RN) in BV-2 cells involving two central mechanisms: parthanatos and lysosomal disruption. The occurrence of parthanatos is supported by several cellular and molecular events: (i) DNA damage; (ii) AIF translocation from mitochondria to the nucleus; (iii) mitochondrial membrane permeabilization; and (iv) PARP1-dependent cell death. On the other hand, Mn2+ induces lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) and cathepsin D (CatD) release into the cytosol supporting the lysosomal disruption. Pre-incubation with CatB and D inhibitors partially prevented the Mn2+-induced cell viability decrease. Altogether these events point to lysosomes as players in the execution of RN. In summary, our results suggest that microglial cells could be direct targets of Mn2+ damage. In this scenario, Mn2+ triggers cell death involving RN pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soledad Porte Alcon
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Química Biológica Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, Laboratorio de Disfunción Celular en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas y Nanomedicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Roxana Mayra Gorojod
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Química Biológica Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, Laboratorio de Disfunción Celular en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas y Nanomedicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Mónica Lidia Kotler
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Química Biológica Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, Laboratorio de Disfunción Celular en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas y Nanomedicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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40
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Khalo IV, Konokhova AI, Orlova DY, Trusov KV, Yurkin MA, Bartova E, Kozubek S, Maltsev VP, Chernyshev AV. Nuclear apoptotic volume decrease in individual cells: Confocal microscopy imaging and kinetic modeling. J Theor Biol 2018; 454:60-69. [PMID: 29859212 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2018.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The dynamics of nuclear morphology changes during apoptosis remains poorly investigated and understood. Using 3D time-lapse confocal microscopy we performed a study of early-stage apoptotic nuclear morphological changes induced by etoposide in single living HepG2 cells. These observations provide a definitive evidence that nuclear apoptotic volume decrease (AVD) is occurring simultaneously with peripheral chromatin condensation (so called "apoptotic ring"). In order to describe quantitatively the dynamics of nuclear morphological changes in the early stage of apoptosis we suggest a general molecular kinetic model, which fits well the obtained experimental data in our study. Results of this work may clarify molecular mechanisms of nuclear morphology changes during apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina V Khalo
- Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Institutskaya 3, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Anastasiya I Konokhova
- Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Institutskaya 3, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Darya Y Orlova
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Campus Drive 279, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Konstantin V Trusov
- Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Institutskaya 3, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Maxim A Yurkin
- Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Institutskaya 3, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Eva Bartova
- Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Kralovopolska 135, Brno CZ-612 65, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislav Kozubek
- Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Kralovopolska 135, Brno CZ-612 65, Czech Republic
| | - Valeri P Maltsev
- Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Institutskaya 3, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State Medical University, Krasny Prospect 52, Novosibirsk 630091, Russia
| | - Andrei V Chernyshev
- Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Institutskaya 3, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
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41
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Kim H, Zamel R, Bai XH, Lu C, Keshavjee S, Keshavjee S, Liu M. Ischemia-reperfusion induces death receptor-independent necroptosis via calpain-STAT3 activation in a lung transplant setting. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2018; 315:L595-L608. [PMID: 30024306 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00069.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-induced lung injury undermines lung transplantation (LTx) outcomes by predisposing lung grafts to primary graft dysfunction (PGD). Necrosis is a feature of I/R lung injury. However, regulated necrosis (RN) with specific signaling pathways has not been explored in an LTx setting. In this study, we investigated the role of RN in I/R-induced lung injury. To study I/R-induced cell death, we simulated an LTx procedure using our cell culture model with human lung epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells. After 18 h of cold ischemic time (CIT) followed by reperfusion, caspase-independent cell death, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production, and mitochondrial membrane permeability were significantly increased. N-acetyl-Leu-Leu-norleucinal (ALLN) (calpain inhibitor) or necrostatin-1 (Nec-1) [receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 1 (RIPK1) inhibitor] reduced these changes. ALLN altered RIPK1/RIPK3 expression and mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) phosphorylation, whereas Nec-1 did not change calpain/calpastatin expression. Furthermore, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) was demonstrated to be downstream of calpain and regulate RIPK3 expression and MLKL phosphorylation during I/R. This calpain-STAT3-RIPK axis induces endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial calcium dysregulation. LTx patients' samples demonstrate that RIPK1, MLKL, and STAT3 mRNA expression increased from CIT to reperfusion. Moreover, the expressions of the key proteins are higher in PGD samples than in non-PGD samples. Cell death associated with prolonged lung preservation is mediated by the calpain-STAT3-RIPK axis. Inhibition of RIPK and/or calpain pathways could be an effective therapy in LTx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunhee Kim
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network , Toronto, Ontario , Canada.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario , Canada
| | - Ricardo Zamel
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network , Toronto, Ontario , Canada
| | - Xiao-Hui Bai
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network , Toronto, Ontario , Canada
| | - Christina Lu
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network , Toronto, Ontario , Canada
| | - Sara Keshavjee
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network , Toronto, Ontario , Canada
| | - Shaf Keshavjee
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network , Toronto, Ontario , Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario , Canada.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario , Canada
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network , Toronto, Ontario , Canada.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario , Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario , Canada.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario , Canada
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42
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Verma DK, Gupta S, Biswas J, Joshi N, Singh A, Gupta P, Tiwari S, Sivarama Raju K, Chaturvedi S, Wahajuddin M, Singh S. New therapeutic activity of metabolic enhancer piracetam in treatment of neurodegenerative disease: Participation of caspase independent death factors, oxidative stress, inflammatory responses and apoptosis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:2078-2096. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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43
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Massonneau J, Ouellet C, Lucien F, Dubois CM, Tyler J, Boissonneault G. Suboptimal extracellular pH values alter DNA damage response to induced double-strand breaks. FEBS Open Bio 2018; 8:416-425. [PMID: 29511618 PMCID: PMC5832969 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Conditions leading to unrepaired DNA double‐stranded breaks are potent inducers of genetic instability. Systemic conditions may lead to fluctuation of hydrogen ions in the cellular microenvironment, and we show that small variations in extracellular pH, termed suboptimal pHe, can decrease the efficiency of DNA repair in the absence of intracellular pH variation. Recovery from bleomycin‐induced DNA double‐stranded breaks in fibroblasts proceeded less efficiently at suboptimal pHe values ranging from 7.2 to 6.9, as shown by the persistence of repair foci, reduction of H4K16 acetylation, and chromosomal instability, while senescence or apoptosis remained undetected. By allowing escape from these protective mechanisms, suboptimal pHe may therefore enhance the genotoxicity of double‐stranded breaks, leading to genetic instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Massonneau
- Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences Université de Sherbrooke Quebec Canada
| | - Camille Ouellet
- Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences Université de Sherbrooke Quebec Canada
| | - Fabrice Lucien
- Department of Pediatry Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences Université de Sherbrooke Quebec Canada
| | - Claire M Dubois
- Department of Pediatry Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences Université de Sherbrooke Quebec Canada
| | - Jessica Tyler
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Weill Cornell Medical College New York NY USA
| | - Guylain Boissonneault
- Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences Université de Sherbrooke Quebec Canada
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44
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Abstract
Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) is the most ubiquitous stress-inducible chaperone. It accumulates in the cells in response to a wide variety of physiological and environmental insults including anticancer chemotherapy, thus allowing the cell to survive to lethal conditions. Intracellular Hsp70 is viewed as a cytoprotective protein. Indeed, this protein can inhibit key effectors of the apoptotic and autophagy machineries. In cancer cells, the expression of Hsp70 is abnormally high, and Hsp70 may participate in oncogenesis and in resistance to chemotherapy. In rodent models, Hsp70 overexpression increases tumor growth and metastatic potential. Depletion or inhibition of Hsp70 frequently reduces the size of the tumors and can even cause their complete involution. However, HSP70 is also found in the extra-cellular space where it may signal via membrane receptors or endosomes to alter gene transcription and cellular function. Overall, Hsp70 extracellular function is believed to be immnunogenic and the term chaperokine to define the extracellular chaperones such as Hsp70 has been advanced. In this chapter the knowledge to date, as well as some emerging paradigms about the intra- and extra-cellular functions of Hsp70, are presented. The strategies targeting Hsp70 that are being developed in cancer therapy will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Boudesco
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France
- INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France
- Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France
- LipSTIC LabEx, Fondation de Coopération Scientifique Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Sebastien Cause
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France
- INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France
- Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France
- LipSTIC LabEx, Fondation de Coopération Scientifique Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Gaëtan Jego
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.
- INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.
- Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.
- LipSTIC LabEx, Fondation de Coopération Scientifique Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.
| | - Carmen Garrido
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.
- INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.
- Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.
- LipSTIC LabEx, Fondation de Coopération Scientifique Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.
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Hu WL, Dong HY, Li Y, Ojcius DM, Li SJ, Yan J. Bid-Induced Release of AIF/EndoG from Mitochondria Causes Apoptosis of Macrophages during Infection with Leptospira interrogans. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017; 7:471. [PMID: 29184851 PMCID: PMC5694448 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptospirosis is a global zoonotic infectious disease caused by pathogenic Leptospira species. Leptospire-induced macrophage apoptosis through the Fas/FasL-caspase-8/3 pathway plays an important role in the survival and proliferation of the pathogen in hosts. Although, the release of mitochondrial apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) and endonuclease G (EndoG) in leptospire-infected macrophages has been described, the mechanisms linking caspase and mitochondrion-related host-cell apoptosis has not been determined. Here, we demonstrated that leptospire-infection induced apoptosis through mitochondrial damages in macrophages. Apoptosis was caused by the mitochondrial release and nuclear translocation of AIF and/or EndoG, leading to nuclear DNA fragmentation. However, the mitochondrion-related CytC-caspase-9/3 pathway was not activated. Next, we found that the release and translocation of AIF and/or EndoG was preceded by the activation of the BH3-interacting domain death agonist (Bid). Furthermore, our data demonstrated that caspase-8 was activated during the infection and caused the activation of Bid. Meanwhile, high reactive oxygen species (ROS) trigged by the infection caused the dephosphorylation of Akt, which also activated Bid. In conclusion, Bid-mediated mitochondrial release of AIF and/or EndoG followed by nuclear translocation is a major mechanism of leptospire- induced apoptosis in macrophages, and this process is modulated by both caspase-8 and ROS-Akt signal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Lin Hu
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Division of Basic Medical Microbiology, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hai-Yan Dong
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Division of Basic Medical Microbiology, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - David M Ojcius
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of the Pacific, Arthur Dugoni School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Shi-Jun Li
- Institute of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Guizhou Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China
| | - Jie Yan
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Division of Basic Medical Microbiology, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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CSF tau is associated with impaired cortical plasticity, cognitive decline and astrocyte survival only in APOE4-positive Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13728. [PMID: 29062035 PMCID: PMC5653826 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14204-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients, apopoliprotein (APOE) polymorphism is the main genetic factor associated with more aggressive clinical course. However, the interaction between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tau protein levels and APOE genotype has been scarcely investigated. A possible key mechanism invokes the dysfunction of synaptic plasticity. We investigated how CSF tau interacts with APOE genotype in AD patients. We firstly explored whether CSF tau levels and APOE genotype influence disease progression and long-term potentiation (LTP)-like cortical plasticity as measured by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in AD patients. Then, we incubated normal human astrocytes (NHAs) with CSF collected from sub-groups of AD patients to determine whether APOE genotype and CSF biomarkers influence astrocytes survival. LTP-like cortical plasticity differed between AD patients with apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) and apolipoprotein E3 (APOE3) genotype. Higher CSF tau levels were associated with more impaired LTP-like cortical plasticity and faster disease progression in AD patients with APOE4 but not APOE3 genotype. Apoptotic activity was higher when cells were incubated with CSF from AD patients with APOE4 and high tau levels. CSF tau is detrimental on cortical plasticity, disease progression and astrocyte survival only when associated with APOE4 genotype. This is relevant for new therapeutic approaches targeting tau.
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Interference of Apoptosis by Hepatitis B Virus. Viruses 2017; 9:v9080230. [PMID: 28820498 PMCID: PMC5580487 DOI: 10.3390/v9080230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) causes liver diseases that have been a consistent problem for human health, leading to more than one million deaths every year worldwide. A large proportion of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases across the world are closely associated with chronic HBV infection. Apoptosis is a programmed cell death and is frequently altered in cancer development. HBV infection interferes with the apoptosis signaling to promote HCC progression and viral proliferation. The HBV-mediated alteration of apoptosis is achieved via interference with cellular signaling pathways and regulation of epigenetics. HBV X protein (HBX) plays a major role in the interference of apoptosis. There are conflicting reports on the HBV interference of apoptosis with the majority showing inhibition of and the rest reporting induction of apoptosis. In this review, we described recent studies on the mechanisms of the HBV interference with the apoptosis signaling during the virus infection and provided perspective.
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Antioxidant and selective anticancer activities of two Euphorbia species in human acute myeloid leukemia. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 90:375-385. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.03.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Majewska M, Lewandowska U. The chemopreventive and anticancer potential against colorectal cancer of polyphenol-rich fruit extracts. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2017.1307388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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50
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Hadden C, Fahmi T, Cooper A, Savenka AV, Lupashin VV, Roberts DJ, Maroteaux L, Hauguel-de Mouzon S, Kilic F. Serotonin transporter protects the placental cells against apoptosis in caspase 3-independent pathway. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:3520-3529. [PMID: 28109119 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin (5-HT) and its specific transporter, SERT play important roles in pregnancy. Using placentas dissected from 18d gestational SERT-knock out (KO), peripheral 5-HT (TPH1)-KO, and wild-type (WT) mice, we explored the role of 5-HT and SERT in placental functions in detail. An abnormal thick band of fibrosis and necrosis under the giant cell layer in SERT-KO placentas appeared only moderately in TPH1-KO and minimally present in WT placentas. The majority of the changes were located at the junctional zone of the placentas in SERT. The etiology of these findings was tested with TUNEL assays. The placentas from SERT-KO and TPH1-KO showed 49- and 8-fold increase in TUNEL-positive cells without a concurrent change in the DNA repair or cell proliferation compared to WT placentas. While the proliferation rate in the embryos of TPH1-KO mice was 16-fold lower than the rate in gestational age matched embryos of WT or SERT-KO mice. These findings highlight an important role of continuous 5-HT signaling on trophoblast cell viability. SERT may contribute to protecting trophoblast cells against cell death via terminating the 5-HT signaling which changes cell death ratio in trophoblast as well as proliferation rate in embryos. However, the cell death in SERT-KO placentas is in caspase 3-independent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coedy Hadden
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Tariq Fahmi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Anthonya Cooper
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Alena V Savenka
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Vladimir V Lupashin
- Department of Physiology College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Drucilla J Roberts
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Luc Maroteaux
- Institut du Fer a' Moulin, UMR-S839 INSERM, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | | | - Fusun Kilic
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Little Rock, Arkansas
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