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Cohen AB, Nikmehr B, Abdelaal OA, Escott M, Walker SJ, Atala A, Sadri-Ardekani H. MicroRNA Analysis of In Vitro Differentiation of Spermatogonial Stem Cells Using a 3D Human Testis Organoid System. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1774. [PMID: 39200238 PMCID: PMC11351903 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12081774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Spermatogenesis produces male gametes from spermatogonial stem cells (SSC), beginning at puberty. Modern-day laboratory techniques allow for the long-term culture of SSC and in vitro spermatogenesis. The specific biochemical processes that occur during spermatogenesis remain poorly understood. One particular element of spermatogenesis that has yet to be characterized is the role of microRNAs (miRNA), short, non-transcribed RNAs that act as post-translational regulators of gene activity. In this study, we seek to describe the presence of miRNA in a two-dimensional (2D) SSC culture and a 3D human testis organoid (HTO) system. Testicular cells were isolated from the frozen tissue of three brain-dead subjects, propagated in cultures for four to five weeks, and used to form 3D HTOs. Following organoid formation, differentiation of testicular cells was induced. RNA was isolated from the whole testis tissue (WT) showing in vivo conditions, HTO Day Zero (2D SSC culture), Day 2 HTOs, and Day 23 differentiated HTOs, then analyzed for changes in miRNA expression using the Nanostring nCounter miRNA panel. One hundred ninety-five miRNAs met the criteria for expression in WT, 186 in 2D culture, 190 in Day 2 HTOs, and 187 in differentiated HTOs. One hundred thirty-three miRNAs were common across all conditions, and 41, 17, 6, and 11 miRNAs were unique for WT, 2D culture, Day 2 HTOs, and differentiated HTOs, respectively. Twenty-two miRNAs were similar between WT and differentiated HTOS. We evaluated the miRNA expression profiles of progressively complex stages of testicular cell culture, culminating in a 3D organoid model capable of meiotic differentiation, and compared these to WT. We identified a great variance between the native tissue and the culture system; however, some miRNAs are preserved. These data may provide avenues for deeper understanding of spermatogenesis and the ability to improve this process in the laboratory. Research on miRNA continues to be an essential avenue for understanding human spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam B. Cohen
- Wake Forest Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA; (B.N.); (O.A.A.); (M.E.); (S.J.W.); (H.S.-A.)
- Department of Urology, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Banafsheh Nikmehr
- Wake Forest Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA; (B.N.); (O.A.A.); (M.E.); (S.J.W.); (H.S.-A.)
- Carolinas Fertility Institute, Winston-Salem, NC 27103, USA
| | - Omar A. Abdelaal
- Wake Forest Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA; (B.N.); (O.A.A.); (M.E.); (S.J.W.); (H.S.-A.)
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 7120001, Egypt
| | - Megan Escott
- Wake Forest Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA; (B.N.); (O.A.A.); (M.E.); (S.J.W.); (H.S.-A.)
- Department of Urology, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Stephen J. Walker
- Wake Forest Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA; (B.N.); (O.A.A.); (M.E.); (S.J.W.); (H.S.-A.)
| | - Anthony Atala
- Wake Forest Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA; (B.N.); (O.A.A.); (M.E.); (S.J.W.); (H.S.-A.)
- Department of Urology, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Hooman Sadri-Ardekani
- Wake Forest Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA; (B.N.); (O.A.A.); (M.E.); (S.J.W.); (H.S.-A.)
- Department of Urology, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
- Carolinas Fertility Institute, Winston-Salem, NC 27103, USA
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2
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Abu-Halima M, Becker LS, Ayesh BM, Meese E. MicroRNA-targeting in male infertility: Sperm microRNA-19a/b-3p and its spermatogenesis related transcripts content in men with oligoasthenozoospermia. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:973849. [PMID: 36211460 PMCID: PMC9533736 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.973849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To elucidate and validate the potential regulatory function of miR-19a/b-3p and its spermatogenesis-related transcripts content in sperm samples collected from men with oligoasthenozoospermia. Methods: Men presenting at an infertility clinic were enrolled. MicroRNA (miRNA) and target genes evaluation were carried out using in silico prediction analysis, Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) validation, and Western blot confirmation. Results: The expression levels of miRNA-19a/b-3p were significantly up-regulated and 51 target genes were significantly down-regulated in oligoasthenozoospermic men compared with age-matched normozoospermic men as determined by RT-qPCR. Correlation analysis highlighted that sperm count, motility, and morphology were negatively correlated with miRNA-19a/b-3p and positively correlated with the lower expression level of 51 significantly identified target genes. Furthermore, an inverse correlation between higher expression levels of miRNA-19a/b-3p and lower expression levels of 51 target genes was observed. Consistent with the results of the RT-qPCR, reduced expression levels of STK33 and DNAI1 protein levels were identified in an independent cohort of sperm samples collected from men with oligoasthenozoospermia. Conclusion: Findings suggest that the higher expression of miRNA-19a/b-3p or the lower expression of target genes are associated with oligoasthenozoospermia and male infertility, probably through influencing basic semen parameters. This study lay the groundwork for future studies focused on investigating therapies for male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Basim M Ayesh
- Department of Laboratory Medical Sciences, Alaqsa University, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Eckart Meese
- Institute of Human Genetics, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
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García-Andrade F, Vigueras-Villaseñor RM, Chávez-Saldaña MD, Rojas-Castañeda JC, Bahena-Ocampo IU, Aréchaga-Ocampo E, Díaz-Chávez J, Landero-Huerta DA. The Role of microRNAs in the Gonocyte Theory as Target of Malignancy: Looking for Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810526. [PMID: 36142439 PMCID: PMC9505168 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Some pediatric patients with cryptorchidism preserve cells with gonocyte characteristics beyond their differentiation period, which could support the theory of the gonocyte as a target for malignancy in the development of testicular neoplasia. One of the key molecules in gonocyte malignancy is represented by microRNAs (miRNAs). The goal of this review is to give an overview of miRNAs, a class of small non-coding RNAs that participate in the regulation of gene expression. We also aim to review the crucial role of several miRNAs that have been further described in the regulation of gonocyte differentiation to spermatogonia, which, when transformed, could give rise to germ cell neoplasia in situ, a precursor lesion to testicular germ cell tumors. Finally, the potential use of miRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in testicular neoplasia is addressed, due to their specificity and sensitivity compared to conventional markers, as well as their applications in therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola García-Andrade
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Ciudad de México 04530, Mexico
- Posgrado en Biología Experimental, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México 09310, Mexico
| | - Rosa María Vigueras-Villaseñor
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Ciudad de México 04530, Mexico
- Correspondence: (R.M.V.-V.); (D.A.L.-H.); Tel.: +52-(55)-1084-0900 (ext. 1453) (R.M.V.-V. & D.A.L.-H.); Fax: +52-(55)-1084-5533 (R.M.V.-V. & D.A.L.-H.)
| | | | | | - Iván Uriel Bahena-Ocampo
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México 09310, Mexico
| | - Elena Aréchaga-Ocampo
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Cuajimalpa, Ciudad de México 05348, Mexico
| | - José Díaz-Chávez
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
| | - Daniel Adrian Landero-Huerta
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Ciudad de México 04530, Mexico
- Correspondence: (R.M.V.-V.); (D.A.L.-H.); Tel.: +52-(55)-1084-0900 (ext. 1453) (R.M.V.-V. & D.A.L.-H.); Fax: +52-(55)-1084-5533 (R.M.V.-V. & D.A.L.-H.)
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4
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Song Y, Kelava L, Zhang L, Kiss I. Microarray data analysis to identify miRNA biomarkers and construct the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network in lung adenocarcinoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30393. [PMID: 36086747 PMCID: PMC10980501 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), regulatory noncoding RNAs, are involved in gene regulation and may play a role in cancer development. The aim of this study was to identify miRNAs involved in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) using bioinformatics analysis. MiRNA (GSE135918), mRNA (GSE136043) and lncRNA (GSE130779) microarray datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to identify differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMis), mRNAs (DEMs), and lncRNA (DELs) in LUAD. We used DEMs for functional enrichment analysis. MiRNA expression quantification from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was used to validate DEMis. LncBase Predicted v.2, Targetscan, and MiRBase were used to predict lncRNAs and mRNAs. The LUAD data in TCGA were used for overall survival (OS) analysis. We screened the downregulation of 8 DEMis and upregulation of 6 DEMis, and found that 70 signal pathways changed. We chose 3 relevant signaling pathways in lung cancer development, WNT, PI3K-Akt, and Notch, and scanned for mRNAs involved in them that are potential targets of these miRNAs. Then a lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network was constructed. We also found 7 miRNAs that were associated with poor OS in LUAD. Low expression level of hsa-miR-30a was highly associated with poor OS in LUAD (P < .001) and the target genes of hsa-miR-30a-3p were abundant in the Wnt and AKT signaling pathways. In addition, our results reported for the first time that hsa-miR-3944 and hsa-miR-3652 were highly expressed in LUAD. And the high expression level of hsa-miR-3944 was associated with poor OS (P < .05). Hsa-miR-30a-3p may suppress the occurrence and progression of lung cancer through Wnt and AKT signaling pathways and become a good biomarker in LUAD. Hsa-miR-3944 and hsa-miR-3652 may serve as new biomarkers in LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongan Song
- Department of Public Health Medicine, University of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti str 12, Pécs 7624, Hungary
| | - Leonardo Kelava
- Department of Thermophysiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti str 12, Pécs 7624, Hungary
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Health Science, Doctoral School of Health Science, University of Pécs, Vasvári Pál utca 4, Pécs 7622, Hungary
| | - István Kiss
- Department of Public Health Medicine, University of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti str 12, Pécs 7624, Hungary
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5
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MiRNAs in Lung Cancer: Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Potential. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12071610. [PMID: 35885514 PMCID: PMC9322918 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12071610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the dominant emerging factor in cancer-related mortality around the globe. Therapeutic interventions for lung cancer are not up to par, mainly due to reoccurrence/relapse, chemoresistance, and late diagnosis. People are currently interested in miRNAs, which are small double-stranded (20–24 ribonucleotides) structures that regulate molecular targets (tumor suppressors, oncogenes) involved in tumorigeneses such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, and angiogenesis via post-transcriptional regulation of mRNA. Many studies suggest the emerging role of miRNAs in lung cancer diagnostics, prognostics, and therapeutics. Therefore, it is necessary to intensely explore the miRNOME expression of lung tumors and the development of anti-cancer strategies. The current review focuses on the therapeutic, diagnostic, and prognostic potential of numerous miRNAs in lung cancer.
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6
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Mäkelä JA, Toppari J. Retinoblastoma-E2F Transcription Factor Interplay Is Essential for Testicular Development and Male Fertility. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:903684. [PMID: 35663332 PMCID: PMC9161260 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.903684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The retinoblastoma (RB) protein family members (pRB, p107 and p130) are key regulators of cell cycle progression, but also play crucial roles in apoptosis, and stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. RB proteins exert their effects through binding to E2F transcription factors, which are essential developmental and physiological regulators of tissue and organ homeostasis. According to the canonical view, phosphorylation of RB results in release of E2Fs and induction of genes needed for progress of the cell cycle. However, there are eight members in the E2F transcription factor family with both activator (E2F1-3a) and repressor (E2F3b-E2F8) roles, highlighting the functional diversity of RB-E2F pathway. In this review article we summarize the data showing that RB-E2F interaction is a key cell-autonomous mechanism responsible for establishment and maintenance of lifelong male fertility. We also review the expression pattern of RB proteins and E2F transcription factors in the testis and male germ cells. The available evidence supports that RB and E2F family members are widely and dynamically expressed in the testis, and they are known to have versatile roles during spermatogenesis. Knowledge of the function and significance of RB-E2F interplay for testicular development and spermatogenesis comes primarily from gene knock-out (KO) studies. Several studies conducted in Sertoli cell-specific pRB-KO mice have demonstrated that pRB-mediated inhibition of E2F3 is essential for Sertoli cell functional maturation and cell cycle exit, highlighting that RB-E2F interaction in Sertoli cells is paramount to male fertility. Similarly, ablation of either pRB or E2F1 in the germline results in progressive testicular atrophy due to germline stem cell (GSC) depletion, emphasizing the importance of proper RB-E2F interplay for germline maintenance and lifelong sperm production. In summary, while balanced RB-E2F interplay is essential for cell-autonomous maintenance of GSCs and, the pRB-E2F3 system in Sertoli cells is critical for providing GSC niche thus laying the basis for spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juho-Antti Mäkelä
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jorma Toppari
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- *Correspondence: Jorma Toppari,
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7
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Saebnia N, Neshati Z, Bahrami AR. Role of microRNAs in etiology of azoospermia and their application as non-invasive biomarkers in diagnosis of azoospermic patients. J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod 2021; 50:102207. [PMID: 34407467 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogoh.2021.102207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Azoospermia is a common cause of male infertility without any sperm in the semen and consists of ∼1% of all males and ∼15% of infertile ones. Currently, no accurate non-invasive diagnostic method exists for patients with azoospermia and testis biopsy is mandatory to determine if any spermatozoa exist in the testes. Studies have clarified that the expression of some distinct microRNAs shows alterations in azoospermic patients. MicroRNAs play critical roles during spermatogenesis and their dysregulation can defect this process. Here, we review studied microRNAs involved in the pathogenesis of azoospermia and their target genes. Moreover, we will imply the utility of seminal plasma microRNAs as non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers for azoospermia. We hope such studies could help patients with azoospermia in both diagnosis and treatment, in order that they could father their own biological children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Saebnia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zeinab Neshati
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran; Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Reza Bahrami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran; Industrial Biotechnology Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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8
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Next-Generation Biomarkers in Multiple Myeloma: Understanding the Molecular Basis for Potential Use in Diagnosis and Prognosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147470. [PMID: 34299097 PMCID: PMC8305153 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is considered to be the second most common blood malignancy and it is characterized by abnormal proliferation and an accumulation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. Although the currently utilized markers in the diagnosis and assessment of MM are showing promising results, the incidence and mortality rate of the disease are still high. Therefore, exploring and developing better diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers have drawn global interest. In the present review, we highlight some of the recently reported and investigated novel biomarkers that have great potentials as diagnostic and/or prognostic tools in MM. These biomarkers include angiogenic markers, miRNAs as well as proteomic and immunological biomarkers. Moreover, we present some of the advanced methodologies that could be utilized in the early and competent diagnosis of MM. The present review also focuses on understanding the molecular concepts and pathways involved in these biomarkers in order to validate and efficiently utilize them. The present review may also help in identifying areas of improvement for better diagnosis and superior outcomes of MM.
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Vashisht A, Gahlay GK. Using miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for male infertility: opportunities and challenges. Mol Hum Reprod 2021; 26:199-214. [PMID: 32084276 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaaa016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The non-coding genome has been extensively studied for its role in human development and diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs, which can regulate the expression of hundreds of genes at the post-transcriptional level. Therefore, any defects in miRNA biogenesis or processing can affect the genes and have been linked to several diseases. Male infertility is a clinical disorder with a significant number of cases being idiopathic. Problems in spermatogenesis and epididymal maturation, testicular development, sperm maturation or migration contribute to male infertility, and many of these idiopathic cases are related to issues with the miRNAs which tightly regulate these processes. This review summarizes the recent research on various such miRNAs and puts together the candidate miRNAs that may be used as biomarkers for diagnosis. The development of strategies for male infertility treatment using anti-miRs or miRNA mimics is also discussed. Although promising, the development of miRNA diagnostics and therapeutics is challenging, and ways to overcome some of these challenges are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vashisht
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005 India
| | - G K Gahlay
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005 India
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10
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Luo J, Ren Q, Liu W, Qiu X, Zhang G, Tan Y, Cao R, Yin H, Luo J, Li X, Liu G. MicroRNA-1 Expression and Function in Hyalomma Anatolicum anatolicum (Acari: Ixodidae) Ticks. Front Physiol 2021; 12:596289. [PMID: 33897444 PMCID: PMC8061306 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.596289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs act as mRNA post-transcriptional regulators, playing important roles in cell differentiation, transcriptional regulation, growth, and development. In this study, microRNA expression profiles of Hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum ticks at different developmental stages were detected by high-throughput sequencing and functionally assessed. In total, 2,585,169, 1,252,678, 1,558,217, and 1,155,283 unique reads were obtained from eggs, larvae, nymphs, and adults, respectively, with 42, 46, 45, and 41 conserved microRNAs in these stages, respectively. Using eggs as a control, 48, 43, and 39 microRNAs were upregulated, and 3, 10, and 9 were downregulated in larvae, nymphs, and adults, respectively. MicroRNA-1 (miR-1) was expressed in high abundance throughout Ha. anatolicum development, with an average of nearly one million transcripts, and it is highly conserved among tick species. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) showed that miR-1 expression gradually increased with tick development, reaching the highest level at engorgement. Differential tissue expression was detected, with significantly higher levels in the salivary glands and epidermis than in the midgut. Inhibition assays showed no significant change in body weight or spawning time or amount between experimental and control groups, but there was a significant difference (p < 0.01) in engorgement time. With miR-1 inhibition, ticks displayed obvious deformities during later development. To more fully explain the microRNA mechanism of action, the miR-1 cluster was analyzed according to the target gene; members that jointly act on Hsp60 include miR-5, miR-994, miR-969, and miR-1011. Therefore, microRNAs are critical for normal tick development, and the primary structure of the mature sequence of miR-1 is highly conserved. Nonetheless, different developmental stages and tissues show different expression patterns, with a certain role in prolonging feeding. miR-1, together with other cluster members, regulates mRNA function and may be used as a molecular marker for species origin, evolution analysis, and internal reference gene selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiaoyun Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenge Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaofei Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Gaofeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yangchun Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Runlai Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hong Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jianxun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiangrui Li
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
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11
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Zhang X, Smith SM, Wang X, Zhao B, Wu L, Hu X. Three paralogous clusters of the miR-17~92 family of microRNAs restrain IL-12-mediated immune defense. Cell Mol Immunol 2020; 18:1751-1760. [PMID: 32015501 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-020-0363-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been widely implicated in immune regulation, but evidence for the coordinated function of paralogous miRNA clusters remains scarce. Here, by using genetically modified mice with individual or combined cluster deficiencies, we found that three paralogous clusters of the miR-17~92 family of miRNAs collectively suppressed IL-12 production in macrophages. Accordingly, miR-17~92 family miRNAs deficiencies resulted in heightened production of IL-12 and thus enhanced the host defense against intracellular pathogen Listeria monocytogenes in vivo. Mechanistically, different members of the miR-17~92 family of miRNAs acted on a common target, PTEN, to inhibit IL-12 expression by modulating the PI3K-Akt-GSK3 pathway. In addition, the expression of miR-17~92 family miRNAs was collectively inhibited by the transcription factor RBP-J, and RBP-J-associated macrophage functional defects were genetically rescued by deleting three clusters of miR-17~92 family miRNAs on a RBP-J null background. Thus, our results illustrated key roles of three clusters of miR-17~92 family miRNAs in cooperatively controlling IL-12-mediated immune responses and identified miR-17~92 family miRNAs as functional targets of RBP-J in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhang
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.,Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, 10084, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Sinead M Smith
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Baohong Zhao
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and the David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, 10021, USA.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Li Wu
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.,Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, 10084, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China. .,Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, 10084, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing, 100084, China.
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12
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Ebrahim Soltani AR, Kajbafzadeh A, Ezzati M, Ebrahim Soltani Z, Hosseinifar N, Maleki A, Nezhad Sistani M. Novel evaluation of sevoflurane anesthetic exposure on the testicular germ cells of neonatal male mice. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2019; 8:988-993. [PMID: 32922739 DOI: 10.1039/c9tx00193j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Inhalatory anesthetics may impact spermatogenesis and sexual behavior. Comprehensive evaluation should be conducted to screen the effect of inhalatory anesthetics on the sperm and semen quality. This experimental research was organized to assess the impacts of sevoflurane during the period of neonatal spermatogenesis. Materials and methods: Twenty-one pregnant mice were obtained from the Pasteur Institute. After birth, neonates were categorized based on exposure to Monitored Anesthesia Care (MAC) of sevoflurane into three groups: experimental 1, experimental 2 and control. In order to investigate the testicular condition, a histological evaluation, including apoptosis study and immunohistochemistry, was performed. Not only apoptotic target genes such as Bax and Bcl-2, but also microRNA17-92, were investigated in testicular samples via real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR). Results: The outcomes of this work indicated the effects of sevoflurane on spermatogonial and germ cells in testicular tissue via stimulating apoptotic target genes and microRNA-17-92. The proportion of Bax/Bcl-2 in the experimental group was 8.318699 ± 1.093, and the proportion of Bax/Bcl-2 in the control group was 2.631 ± 0.079. There was a significant (p ≤ 0.002) difference among the control group and both experimental groups. Conclusion: Sequential sevoflurane exposure during the neonatal period may create testicular dysfunction due to the high level of apoptosis in spermatogonial cells. Also, sevoflurane may affect spermatogenesis by influencing other biomarkers, such as microRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Raza Ebrahim Soltani
- Children's Medical Center , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran . ; Tel: +912 3570402
| | - Abdolmohammad Kajbafzadeh
- Children's Medical Center , Regenerative Medicine Research Center , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Maryam Ezzati
- Department of Anatomical Sciences , Faculty of Medicine , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran
| | - Zahra Ebrahim Soltani
- Children's Medical Center , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran . ; Tel: +912 3570402
| | - Navid Hosseinifar
- Kowsar Hospital , Semnan University of Medical Sciences , Semnan , Iran
| | - Anahid Maleki
- Children's Medical Center , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran . ; Tel: +912 3570402
| | - Maryam Nezhad Sistani
- Department of Anatomy , School of Medical Sciences , Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran , Iran . ; Tel: +910 6992686
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13
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Oncofertility: Pharmacological Protection and Immature Testicular Tissue (ITT)-Based Strategies for Prepubertal and Adolescent Male Cancer Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20205223. [PMID: 31640294 PMCID: PMC6834329 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
While the incidence of cancer in children and adolescents has significantly increased over the last decades, improvements made in the field of cancer therapy have led to an increased life expectancy for childhood cancer survivors. However, the gonadotoxic effect of the treatments may lead to infertility. Although semen cryopreservation represents the most efficient and safe fertility preservation method for males producing sperm, it is not feasible for prepubertal boys. The development of an effective strategy based on the pharmacological protection of the germ cells and testicular function during gonadotoxic exposure is a non-invasive preventive approach that prepubertal boys could benefit from. However, the progress in this field is slow. Currently, cryopreservation of immature testicular tissue (ITT) containing spermatogonial stem cells is offered to prepubertal boys as an experimental fertility preservation strategy by a number of medical centers. Several in vitro and in vivo fertility restoration approaches based on the use of ITT have been developed so far with autotransplantation of ITT appearing more promising. In this review, we discuss the pharmacological approaches for fertility protection in prepubertal and adolescent boys and the fertility restoration approaches developed on the utilization of ITT.
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14
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Nakidkina AN, Kuzmina TI. Apoptosis in Spermatozoa and Its Role in Deteriorating Semen Quality. Russ J Dev Biol 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062360419040064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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Factors Regulating microRNA Expression and Function in Multiple Myeloma. Noncoding RNA 2019; 5:ncrna5010009. [PMID: 30654527 PMCID: PMC6468559 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna5010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Intensive research has been undertaken during the last decade to identify the implication of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma (MM). The expression profiling of miRNAs in MM has provided relevant information, demonstrating different patterns of miRNA expression depending on the genetic abnormalities of MM and a key role of some miRNAs regulating critical genes associated with MM pathogenesis. However, the underlying causes of abnormal expression of miRNAs in myeloma cells remain mainly elusive. The final expression of the mature miRNAs is subject to multiple regulation mechanisms, such as copy number alterations, CpG methylation or transcription factors, together with impairment in miRNA biogenesis and differences in availability of the mRNA target sequence. In this review, we summarize the available knowledge about the factors involved in the regulation of miRNA expression and functionality in MM.
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16
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Zhu Y, Li L, Hou D, Ouyang Y, Guo X, Wang Y, Li J, Gong K. MicroRNA-19a regulates the proliferation, migration and invasion of human gastric cancer cells by targeting CUL5. Arch Biochem Biophys 2018; 662:93-100. [PMID: 30521783 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the prevalent types of cancers and despite improvements in its treatment, the overall survival is still far from descent. The dearth of efficient biomarkers, chemotherapeutic agents and therapeutic targets form a major hurdle in the treatment of the gastric cancer. Accumulating evidences suggest that MicroRNAs (miRs) may prove important therapeutic targets/agents for the management of cancers including gastric cancer. Herein, we examined the expression of miR-19a by qRT-PCR in gastric cancer and attempted to explore its potential role. It was found that the expression of miR-19a is significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced in the gastric cancer tissues as well as the gastric cancer cell lines. Inhibition of miR-19a in gastric cancer cells suppressed the proliferation migration and invasion of the gastric cancer cells. Bioinformatic analysis revealed CUL5 to be the potential target of miR-19a. Contrary, to the expression of miR-19a, the expression of CUL5 was significantly (p < 0.05) downregulated in all the gastric cancer tissues and cell lines. However, inhibition of miR-19a in SNU-16 gastric cancer cells could cause upsurge of CUL5 expression. Overexpression of CUL-5 was found to exhibit similar effects on the proliferation, migration and invasion of the SNU-16 gastric cancer cells as that of miR-19a suppression. Additionally, overexpression of CUL5 could at least partially abolish the effects of miR-19a suppression on the proliferation, migration and invasion of SNU-16 gastric cancer cells. Finally, overexpression of miR-19a caused inhibition of the xenografted tumors in vivo indicating the potential of miR-19a as therapeutic target for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, China
| | - Linhai Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, China
| | - Dezhi Hou
- Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, China
| | - Yiming Ouyang
- Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, China
| | - Xiaodong Guo
- Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, China
| | - Yongzhi Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, China
| | - Jiyan Li
- Department of Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, China
| | - Kunmei Gong
- Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, China.
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17
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Reza AMMT, Choi YJ, Han SG, Song H, Park C, Hong K, Kim JH. Roles of microRNAs in mammalian reproduction: from the commitment of germ cells to peri-implantation embryos. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2018; 94:415-438. [PMID: 30151880 PMCID: PMC7379200 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are active regulators of numerous biological and physiological processes including most of the events of mammalian reproduction. Understanding the biological functions of miRNAs in the context of mammalian reproduction will allow a better and comparative understanding of fertility and sterility in male and female mammals. Herein, we summarize recent progress in miRNA‐mediated regulation of mammalian reproduction and highlight the significance of miRNAs in different aspects of mammalian reproduction including the biogenesis of germ cells, the functionality of reproductive organs, and the development of early embryos. Furthermore, we focus on the gene expression regulatory feedback loops involving hormones and miRNA expression to increase our understanding of germ cell commitment and the functioning of reproductive organs. Finally, we discuss the influence of miRNAs on male and female reproductive failure, and provide perspectives for future studies on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Musa Md Talimur Reza
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Humanized Pig Research Centre (SRC), Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Jung Choi
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Humanized Pig Research Centre (SRC), Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Gu Han
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk Song
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Humanized Pig Research Centre (SRC), Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Chankyu Park
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Humanized Pig Research Centre (SRC), Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwonho Hong
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Humanized Pig Research Centre (SRC), Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Humanized Pig Research Centre (SRC), Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea
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18
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Zhang X, Li Y, Qi P, Ma Z. Biology of MiR-17-92 Cluster and Its Progress in Lung Cancer. Int J Med Sci 2018; 15:1443-1448. [PMID: 30443163 PMCID: PMC6216058 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.27341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs, a class of short endogenous RNAs, acting as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, mostly silence gene expression via binding imperfectly matched sequences in the 3'UTR of target mRNA. MiR-17-92, a highly conserved gene cluster, has 6 members including miR-17, miR-18a, miR-19a, miR-20a, miR-19b-1 and miR-92a. The miR-17-92 cluster, regarded as oncogene, is overexpressed in human cancers. Lung cancer is the leading cause of death all over the world. The molecular mechanism of lung cancer has been partly known at the levels of genes and proteins in last decade. However, new prognosis biomarkers and more target drugs should be developed in future. Therefore, noncoding RNAs, especially miRNAs, make them as new potentially clinical biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis. In this review, we focus the current progress of miR-17-92 cluster in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinju Zhang
- Lab for Noncoding RNA & Cancer, School of Life Sciences Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444
| | - Yanli Li
- Lab for Noncoding RNA & Cancer, School of Life Sciences Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444
| | - Pengfei Qi
- Lab for Noncoding RNA & Cancer, School of Life Sciences Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444
| | - Zhongliang Ma
- Lab for Noncoding RNA & Cancer, School of Life Sciences Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444
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19
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Harchegani AB, Shafaghatian H, Tahmasbpour E, Shahriary A. Regulatory Functions of MicroRNAs in Male Reproductive Health: A New Approach to Understanding Male Infertility. Reprod Sci 2018:1933719118765972. [PMID: 29587612 DOI: 10.1177/1933719118765972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a novel class of small noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) that play critical roles in regulation of gene expression, especially at posttranscriptional level. Over the past decade, the degree to which miRNAs are involved in male infertility has become clear. They are expressed in a cell- or phase-specific manner during spermatogenesis and play crucial role in male reproductive health. Therefore, dysregulation of miRNAs in testicular cells can be considered as a molecular basis for reproductive failure and male infertility. The abnormal expression pattern of miRNAs can be transmitted to the offspring via assisted reproductive techniques (ART) and results in the birth of children with a higher risk of infertility, congenital abnormalities, and morbidity. This review expounds on the miRNAs reported to play essential roles in somatic cells development, germ cells differentiation, steroidogenesis, normal spermatogenesis, sperm maturation, and male infertility, as well as emphasizes their importance as minimally invasive biomarkers of male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asghar Beigi Harchegani
- 1 Chemical Injuries Research Center, System Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Shafaghatian
- 1 Chemical Injuries Research Center, System Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Eisa Tahmasbpour
- 2 Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Biomedical Innovations, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Shahriary
- 1 Chemical Injuries Research Center, System Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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20
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Chen X, Che D, Zhang P, Li X, Yuan Q, Liu T, Guo J, Feng T, Wu L, Liao M, He Z, Zeng W. Profiling of miRNAs in porcine germ cells during spermatogenesis. Reproduction 2017; 154:789-798. [PMID: 28947561 DOI: 10.1530/rep-17-0441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Spermatogenesis includes mitosis of spermatogonia, meiosis of pachytene spermatocytes and spermiogenesis of round spermatids. MiRNAs as a ~22 nt small noncoding RNA are involved in regulating spermatogenesis at post-transcriptional level. However, the dynamic miRNAs expression in the developmental porcine male germ cells remains largely undefined. In this study, we purified porcine spermatogonia, pachytene spermatocytes and round spermatids using a STA-PUT apparatus. A small RNA deep sequencing and analysis were conducted to establish a miRNAs profiling in these male germ cells. We found that 19 miRNAs were differentially expressed between spermatogonia and pachytene spermatocytes, and 74 miRNAs differentially expressed between pachytene spermatocytes and round spermatids. Furthermore, 91 miRNAs were upregulated, while 108 miRNAs were downregulated in spermatozoa. We demonstrated that ssc-miR-10a-5p, ssc-miR-125b, ssc-let-7f and ssc-miR-186 were highly expressed in spermatogonia, pachytene spermatocytes, round spermatids and spermatozoa respectively. The findings could provide novel insights into roles of miRNAs in regulation of porcine spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Chen
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dongxue Che
- College of Life ScienceNorthwest A&F University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xueliang Li
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qingqing Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesRenji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tiantian Liu
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiayin Guo
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tongying Feng
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ligang Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular AndrologyShanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Minzhi Liao
- College of Life ScienceNorthwest A&F University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zuping He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesRenji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenxian Zeng
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F University, Shaanxi, China
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21
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Lu Y, Wang J, Guo X, Yan S, Dai J. Perfluorooctanoic acid affects endocytosis involving clathrin light chain A and microRNA-133b-3p in mouse testes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2017; 318:41-48. [PMID: 28126411 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is an abundant perfluoroalkyl substance widely applied in industrial and consumer products. Among its potential health hazards, testicular toxicity is of major concern. To explore the potential effect of miRNA on post-translational regulation after PFOA exposure, changes in miRNAs were detected via miRNA array. Seventeen miRNAs were differentially expressed (eight upregulated, nine downregulated) in male mouse testes after exposure to 5mg/kg/d of PFOA for 28d (>1.5-fold and P<0.05 compared with the control). Eight of these miRNAs were further selected for TaqMan qPCR analysis. Proteomic profile analysis indicated that many changed proteins after PFOA treatment, including intersectin 1 (ITSN1), serine protease inhibitor A3K (Serpina3k), and apolipoprotein a1 (APOA1), were involved in endocytosis and blood-testis barrier (BTB) processes. These changes were further verified by immunohistochemical and Western blot analyses. Endocytosis-related genes were selected for qPCR analysis, with many found to be significantly changed after PFOA treatment, including epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate 8 (Eps8), Eps15, cortactin, cofilin, espin, vinculin, and zyxin. We further predicted the potential interaction between changed miRNAs and proteins, which indicated that miRNAs might play a role in the post-translational regulation of gene expression after PFOA treatment in mouse testes. Among them, miR-133b-3p/clathrin light chain A (CLTA) was selected and verified in vitro by transfection and luciferase activity assay. Results showed that PFOA exposure affects endocytosis in mouse testes and that CLTA is a potential target of miR-133b-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Jianshe Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Xuejiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Shengmin Yan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Jiayin Dai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China.
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22
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Costa AL, Lobo J, Jerónimo C, Henrique R. The epigenetics of testicular germ cell tumors: looking for novel disease biomarkers. Epigenomics 2017; 9:155-169. [PMID: 28097877 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2016-0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) are a group of heterogeneous, biologically diverse and clinically challenging neoplasms. Despite the relatively low incidence and mortality rates, a subgroup of patients with disseminated disease relapse after conventional therapy and have a dismal prognosis. Moreover, TGCT afflict mostly young men and have therapeutic peculiarities, with some patients showing resistance to cisplatin-based treatments and others being troubled by irreversible side effects, such as infertility. Most TGCT share a common tumorigenic pathway and are cytogenetically similar, making room for Epigenetics to explain its heterogeneity at pathological and clinical level. In this review, we summarize the foremost epigenetic alterations among TGCT focusing on their clinical potential as diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Laura Costa
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center of Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal
| | - João Lobo
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center of Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), Porto, Portugal.,Master in Oncology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar - University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal
| | - Carmen Jerónimo
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center of Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Henrique
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center of Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), Porto, Portugal.,Master in Oncology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar - University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal
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23
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Hao MX, Wang X, Jiao KL. MicroRNA-17-5p mediates hypoxia-induced autophagy and inhibits apoptosis by targeting signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 in vascular smooth muscle cells. Exp Ther Med 2017; 13:935-941. [PMID: 28450922 PMCID: PMC5403340 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate hypoxia-induced apoptosis and autophagy in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and the underlying molecular mechanisms of microRNA (miR)-17-5p responses in an anaerobic environment. The results revealed that miR-17-5p expression was significantly upregulated in VSMCs subjected to hypoxic conditions (P<0.05) and lower miR-17-5p levels were observed in ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate-treated and hypoxia inducible factor-1 loss-of-function cells. Additionally, it was demonstrated that miR-17-5p is associated with hypoxia-induced autophagy, which was confirmed by upregulating the light chain 3-II/LC3-I ratio and downregulating nucleoporin p62. Cell apoptosis was inhibited in response to hypoxia, and levels of pro-apoptotic proteins B-cell lymphoma 2-associated X protein and p-caspase were markedly decreased when VSMCs were subjected to hypoxic conditions. Furthermore, expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) decreased when cells were transfected with overexpressing miR-17-5p and subjected to hypoxic conditions, and the combination of miR-17-5p loss-of-function and hypoxia induced greater upregulation in the protein expression of STAT3 compared with a single treatment for hypoxia in VSMCs. In conclusion, miR-17-5p may be a novel hypoxia-responsive miR and hypoxia may induce protective autophagy and anti-apoptosis in VSMCs by targeting STAT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Xiu Hao
- Department of Geriatrics, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China
| | - Kun-Li Jiao
- Department of Cardiology, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
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24
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Li S, Zhang J, Wang Z, Wang T, Yu Y, He J, Zhang H, Yang T, Shen Z. MicroRNA-17 regulates autophagy to promote hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury via suppression of signal transductions and activation of transcription-3 expression. Liver Transpl 2016; 22:1697-1709. [PMID: 27541946 DOI: 10.1002/lt.24606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) represents an important clinical problem as related to liver resection or transplantation. However, the potential mechanism underlying hepatic IRI remains obscure. Recent evidence has indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs) participate in various hepatic pathophysiological processes via regulating autophagy. This relationship between MicroRNA-17 (miR-17) and hepatic autophagy prompted us to examine the role and potential mechanisms of miR-17 regulating autophagy in hepatic IRI. MiR-17 levels were significantly up-regulated after hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (IR), and the number of autophagosomes increased in response to IR. These results demonstrate that miR-17 could promote hepatic IRI as revealed by reductions in cell viability in vitro. The expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light B II (LC3BII) was gradually up-regulated and peaked at 24 hours following reperfusion, a time point that was also associated with maximal miR-17 levels. Overexpression of miR-17 diminished signal transductions and activation of transcription-3 (Stat3) and phosphorylated Stat3 (p-Stat3) levels, an effect which promoted autophagy in response to IRI. However, low-level expressions of miR-17 were associated with increased Stat3 and p-Stat3 levels and decreased autophagy. In conclusion, high levels of miR-17 expression can function to up-regulate autophagy to aggravate hepatic IRI by suppressing Stat3 expression. Liver Transplantation 22 1697-1709 2016 AASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shipeng Li
- First Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation of Tianjin, Tianjin, China.,Department of General Surgery, People's Hospital of Jiaozuo City, Jiaozua, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- First Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Oriental Organ Transplant Center of Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- First Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Tengfei Wang
- First Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Yao Yu
- First Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Jindan He
- First Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Haiming Zhang
- First Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Oriental Organ Transplant Center of Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Yang
- First Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Oriental Organ Transplant Center of Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhongyang Shen
- First Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Oriental Organ Transplant Center of Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
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Rotgers E, Nurmio M, Pietilä E, Cisneros-Montalvo S, Toppari J. E2F1 controls germ cell apoptosis during the first wave of spermatogenesis. Andrology 2016; 3:1000-14. [PMID: 26311345 PMCID: PMC5042044 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Revised: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cell cycle control during spermatogenesis is a highly complex process owing to the control of the mitotic expansion of the spermatogonial cell population and following meiosis, induction of DNA breaks during meiosis and the high levels of physiological germ-cell apoptosis. We set out to study how E2F1, a key controller of cell cycle, apoptosis, and DNA damage responses, functions in the developing and adult testis. We first analyzed the expression pattern of E2f1 during post-natal testis development using RNA in situ hybridization, which showed a differential expression pattern of E2f1 in the adult and juvenile mouse testes. To study the function of E2f1, we took advantage of the E2F1(-/-) mouse line, which was back-crossed to C57Bl/6J genetic background. E2f1 loss led to a severe progressive testicular atrophy beginning at the age of 20 days. Spermatogonial apoptosis during the first wave of spermatogenesis was decreased. However, already in the first wave of spermatogenesis an extensive apoptosis of spermatocytes was observed. In the adult E2F1(-/-) testes, the atrophy due to loss of spermatocytes was further exacerbated by loss of spermatogonial stem cells. Surprisingly, only subtle changes in global gene expression array profiling were observed in E2F1(-/-) testis at PND20. To dissect the changes in each testicular cell type, an additional comparative analysis of the array data was performed making use of previously published data on transcriptomes of the individual testicular cell types. Taken together, our data indicate that E2F1 has a differential role during first wave of spermatogenesis and in the adult testis, which emphasizes the complex nature of cell cycle control in the developing testis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Rotgers
- Department of Physiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - M Nurmio
- Department of Physiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - E Pietilä
- Department of Physiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - S Cisneros-Montalvo
- Department of Physiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - J Toppari
- Department of Physiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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Gunes S, Arslan MA, Hekim GNT, Asci R. The role of epigenetics in idiopathic male infertility. J Assist Reprod Genet 2016; 33:553-569. [PMID: 26941097 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-016-0682-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Infertility is a complex disorder with multiple genetic and environmental causes. Although some specific mutations have been identified, other factors responsible for sperm defects remain largely unknown. Despite considerable efforts to identify the pathophysiology of the disease, we cannot explain the underlying mechanisms of approximately half of infertility cases. This study reviews current data on epigenetic regulation and idiopathic male infertility. Recent data have shown an association between epigenetic modifications and idiopathic infertility. In this regard, epigenetics has emerged as one of the promising research areas in understanding male infertility. Many studies have indicated that epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation in imprinted and developmental genes, histone tail modifications and short non-coding RNAs in spermatozoa may have a role in idiopathic male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sezgin Gunes
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55139, Samsun, Turkey.
- Health Sciences Institute, Department of Multidisciplinary Molecular Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55139, Samsun, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Alper Arslan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55139, Samsun, Turkey.
- Health Sciences Institute, Department of Multidisciplinary Molecular Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55139, Samsun, Turkey.
| | | | - Ramazan Asci
- Health Sciences Institute, Department of Multidisciplinary Molecular Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55139, Samsun, Turkey
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55139, Samsun, Turkey
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27
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Xie R, Lin X, Du T, Xu K, Shen H, Wei F, Hao W, Lin T, Lin X, Qin Y, Wang H, Chen L, Yang S, Yang J, Rong X, Yao K, Xiao D, Jia J, Sun Y. Targeted Disruption of miR-17-92 Impairs Mouse Spermatogenesis by Activating mTOR Signaling Pathway. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e2713. [PMID: 26886608 PMCID: PMC4998608 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000002713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The miR-17-92 cluster and its 6 different mature microRNAs, including miR-17, miR-18a, miR-19a, miR-20a, miR-19b-1, and miR-92a, play important roles in embryo development, immune system, kidney and heart development, adipose differentiation, aging, and tumorigenicity. Currently, increasing evidence indicates that some members of miR-17-92 cluster may be critical players in spermatogenesis, including miR-17, miR-18a, and miR-20a. However, the roles and underlying mechanisms of miR-17-92 in spermatogenesis remain largely unknown. Our results showed that the targeted disruption of miR-17-92 in the testes of adult mice resulted in severe testicular atrophy, empty seminiferous tubules, and depressed sperm production. This phenotype is partly because of the reduced number of spermatogonia and spermatogonial stem cells, and the significantly increased germ cell apoptosis in the testes of miR-17-92-deficient mice. In addition, overactivation of the mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway and upregulation of the pro-apoptotic protein Bim, Stat3, c-Kit, and Socs3 were also observed in miR-17-92-deficient mouse testes, which might be, at least partially if not all, responsible for the aforementioned phenotypic changes in mutant testes. Taken together, these findings suggest that miR-17-92 is essential for normal spermatogenesis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raoying Xie
- From the Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University (RX, XL, HS, FW, WH, TL, XL, YQ, HW, LC, SY, JY, KY, DX, JJ); Institute of Comparative Medicine and Laboratory Animal Center, Southern Medical University (RX, DX); Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University (YS); Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University (TD); Department of General Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou (KX); Department of Chemoradiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou (RX); Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University (KX); Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University (XR); and Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (FW)
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28
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Altered miRNA Signature of Developing Germ-cells in Infertile Patients Relates to the Severity of Spermatogenic Failure and Persists in Spermatozoa. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17991. [PMID: 26648257 PMCID: PMC4673613 DOI: 10.1038/srep17991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the cellular miRNA expression behaviour in testes with spermatogenic failure (SpF). We performed a high-throughput screen of 623 mature miRNAs by a quantitative RT-qPCR-based approach in histologically well-defined testicular samples with spermatogenic disruption at different germ-cell stages, which revealed altered patterns of miRNA expression. We focussed on the differentially expressed miRNAs whose expression correlated with the number of testicular mature germ-cells and described the combined expression values of a panel of three miRNAs (miR-449a, miR-34c-5p and miR-122) as a predictive test for the presence of mature germ-cells in testicular biopsy. Additionally, we determined decreased cellular miRNA content in developing germ-cells of SpF testis; this was more noticeable the earlier the stage of germ-cell differentiation was affected by maturation failure. Furthermore, we showed that the miRNA expression profile in mature sperm from mild SpF patients was widely altered. Our results suggest that the cellular miRNA content of developed germ-cells depends heavily on the efficacy of the spermatogenic process. What is more, spermatozoa that have fulfilled the differentiation process still retain the dysregulated miRNA pattern observed in the developing SpF germ-cells. This altered miRNA molecular signature may have functional implications for the male gamete.
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29
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Poynter JN, Bestrashniy JRBM, Silverstein KAT, Hooten AJ, Lees C, Ross JA, Tolar J. Cross platform analysis of methylation, miRNA and stem cell gene expression data in germ cell tumors highlights characteristic differences by tumor histology. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:769. [PMID: 26497383 PMCID: PMC4619074 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1796-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alterations in methylation patterns, miRNA expression, and stem cell protein expression occur in germ cell tumors (GCTs). Our goal is to integrate molecular data across platforms to identify molecular signatures in the three main histologic subtypes of Type I and Type II GCTs (yolk sac tumor (YST), germinoma, and teratoma). Methods We included 39 GCTs and 7 paired adjacent tissue samples in the current analysis. Molecular data available for analysis include DNA methylation data (Illumina GoldenGate Cancer Methylation Panel I), miRNA expression (NanoString nCounter miRNA platform), and stem cell factor expression (SABiosciences Human Embryonic Stem Cell Array). We evaluated the cross platform correlations of the data features using the Maximum Information Coefficient (MIC). Results In analyses of individual datasets, differences were observed by tumor histology. Germinomas had higher expression of transcription factors maintaining stemness, while YSTs had higher expression of cytokines, endoderm and endothelial markers. We also observed differences in miRNA expression, with miR-371-5p, miR-122, miR-302a, miR-302d, and miR-373 showing elevated expression in one or more histologic subtypes. Using the MIC, we identified correlations across the data features, including six major hubs with higher expression in YST (LEFTY1, LEFTY2, miR302b, miR302a, miR 126, and miR 122) compared with other GCT. Conclusions While prognosis for GCTs is overall favorable, many patients experience resistance to chemotherapy, relapse and/or long term adverse health effects following treatment. Targeted therapies, based on integrated analyses of molecular tumor data such as that presented here, may provide a way to secure high cure rates while reducing unintended health consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny N Poynter
- Division of Pediatric Epidemiology and Clinical Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA. .,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA. .,Corresponding address: 420 Delaware St SE MMC 715, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - Jessica R B M Bestrashniy
- Division of Pediatric Epidemiology and Clinical Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - Kevin A T Silverstein
- Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - Anthony J Hooten
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - Christopher Lees
- Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - Julie A Ross
- Division of Pediatric Epidemiology and Clinical Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA. .,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - Jakub Tolar
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA. .,Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA. .,Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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Abstract
Human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV)-1 is a human retrovirus and the etiological agent of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), a fatal malignancy of CD4/CD25+ T lymphocytes. In recent years, cellular as well as virus-encoded microRNA (miRNA) have been shown to deregulate signaling pathways to favor virus life cycle. HTLV-1 does not encode miRNA, but several studies have demonstrated that cellular miRNA expression is affected in infected cells. Distinct mechanisms such as transcriptional, epigenetic or interference with miRNA processing machinery have been involved. This article reviews the current knowledge of the role of cellular microRNAs in virus infection, replication, immune escape and pathogenesis of HTLV-1.
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31
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Yao C, Liu Y, Sun M, Niu M, Yuan Q, Hai Y, Guo Y, Chen Z, Hou J, Liu Y, He Z. MicroRNAs and DNA methylation as epigenetic regulators of mitosis, meiosis and spermiogenesis. Reproduction 2015; 150:R25-34. [PMID: 25852155 DOI: 10.1530/rep-14-0643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Spermatogenesis is composed of three distinctive phases, which include self-renewal of spermatogonia via mitosis, spermatocytes undergoing meiosis I/II and post-meiotic development of haploid spermatids via spermiogenesis. Spermatogenesis also involves condensation of chromatin in the spermatid head before transformation of spermatids to spermatozoa. Epigenetic regulation refers to changes of heritably cellular and physiological traits not caused by modifications in the DNA sequences of the chromatin such as mutations. Major advances have been made in the epigenetic regulation of spermatogenesis. In this review, we address the roles and mechanisms of epigenetic regulators, with a focus on the role of microRNAs and DNA methylation during mitosis, meiosis and spermiogenesis. We also highlight issues that deserve attention for further investigation on the epigenetic regulation of spermatogenesis. More importantly, a thorough understanding of the epigenetic regulation in spermatogenesis will provide insightful information into the etiology of some unexplained infertility, offering new approaches for the treatment of male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chencheng Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesSchool of Medicine, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujiang Road, Shanghai 200127, ChinaDepartment of UrologySchool of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Andrology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Human Sperm Bank, 145 Shangdong Road, Shanghai 200001, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive GeneticsShanghai 200127, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineShanghai 200025, China
| | - Yun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesSchool of Medicine, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujiang Road, Shanghai 200127, ChinaDepartment of UrologySchool of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Andrology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Human Sperm Bank, 145 Shangdong Road, Shanghai 200001, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive GeneticsShanghai 200127, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineShanghai 200025, China
| | - Min Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesSchool of Medicine, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujiang Road, Shanghai 200127, ChinaDepartment of UrologySchool of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Andrology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Human Sperm Bank, 145 Shangdong Road, Shanghai 200001, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive GeneticsShanghai 200127, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineShanghai 200025, China
| | - Minghui Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesSchool of Medicine, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujiang Road, Shanghai 200127, ChinaDepartment of UrologySchool of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Andrology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Human Sperm Bank, 145 Shangdong Road, Shanghai 200001, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive GeneticsShanghai 200127, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineShanghai 200025, China
| | - Qingqing Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesSchool of Medicine, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujiang Road, Shanghai 200127, ChinaDepartment of UrologySchool of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Andrology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Human Sperm Bank, 145 Shangdong Road, Shanghai 200001, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive GeneticsShanghai 200127, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineShanghai 200025, China
| | - Yanan Hai
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesSchool of Medicine, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujiang Road, Shanghai 200127, ChinaDepartment of UrologySchool of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Andrology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Human Sperm Bank, 145 Shangdong Road, Shanghai 200001, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive GeneticsShanghai 200127, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineShanghai 200025, China
| | - Ying Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesSchool of Medicine, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujiang Road, Shanghai 200127, ChinaDepartment of UrologySchool of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Andrology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Human Sperm Bank, 145 Shangdong Road, Shanghai 200001, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive GeneticsShanghai 200127, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineShanghai 200025, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesSchool of Medicine, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujiang Road, Shanghai 200127, ChinaDepartment of UrologySchool of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Andrology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Human Sperm Bank, 145 Shangdong Road, Shanghai 200001, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive GeneticsShanghai 200127, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineShanghai 200025, China
| | - Jingmei Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesSchool of Medicine, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujiang Road, Shanghai 200127, ChinaDepartment of UrologySchool of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Andrology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Human Sperm Bank, 145 Shangdong Road, Shanghai 200001, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive GeneticsShanghai 200127, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineShanghai 200025, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesSchool of Medicine, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujiang Road, Shanghai 200127, ChinaDepartment of UrologySchool of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Andrology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Human Sperm Bank, 145 Shangdong Road, Shanghai 200001, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive GeneticsShanghai 200127, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineShanghai 200025, China
| | - Zuping He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesSchool of Medicine, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujiang Road, Shanghai 200127, ChinaDepartment of UrologySchool of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Andrology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Human Sperm Bank, 145 Shangdong Road, Shanghai 200001, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive GeneticsShanghai 200127, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineShanghai 200025, China State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesSchool of Medicine, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujiang Road, Shanghai 200127, ChinaDepartment of UrologySchool of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Andrology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Human Sperm Bank, 145 Shangdong Road, Shanghai 200001, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive GeneticsShanghai 200127, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineShanghai 200025, China State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesSchool of Medicine, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujiang Road, Shanghai 200127, ChinaDepartment of UrologySchool of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Andrology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Human Sperm Bank, 145 Shangdong Road, Shanghai 200001, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive GeneticsShanghai 200127, ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineShanghai 200025, China State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesSchool of Medicine, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujiang Road, Shanghai 200127, ChinaDepartment of UrologySchool of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Andrology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shangha
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32
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microRNA profiling in three main stages during porcine spermatogenesis. J Assist Reprod Genet 2015; 32:451-60. [PMID: 25563581 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-014-0406-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spermatogenesis is an intricate biological event wherein an undifferentiated spermatogonium develops into mature sperms. MicroRNAs are a type of single strand small non-coding RNA molecule and are implicated in the regulation of many crucial pathways during cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. METHOD Here, we present a comprehensive comparison of miRNA expression profiling in three main stages during porcine spermatogenesis using high-throughput sequencing. RESULTS We built three small RNA libraries for the testis, the epididymis and the ejaculated sperm from a Landrace boar, and in total obtained 3821 precursor hairpins encoding for 4761 mature miRNAs, of which 23 are miRNA*. Notably, 940 precursor miRNAs produced both the 5'- and 3'- strands as sister pairs, indicating the distinctive expression patterns of germ cell miRNAs. Additionally, 418 out of 710 co-expressed miRNAs were identified as being differentially expressed between libraries (P < 0.001). Apart from the sexual specific X chromosome, many miRNAs were found to be located on chromosome 12, which may play potential roles in spermatogenesis according to the result of synteny analysis with human and mouse. The Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway analysis revealed that the target genes of co-expressed miRNAs were highly involved in the cell cycle process, metal ion binding, modification of plasma membrane, and the p53 signal pathway.
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Jorgez CJ, Wilken N, Addai JB, Newberg J, Vangapandu HV, Pastuszak AW, Mukherjee S, Rosenfeld JA, Lipshultz LI, Lamb DJ. Genomic and genetic variation in E2F transcription factor-1 in men with nonobstructive azoospermia. Fertil Steril 2015; 103:44-52.e1. [PMID: 25439843 PMCID: PMC4282601 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Revised: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify gene dosage changes associated with nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) using array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH). DESIGN Prospective study. SETTING Medical school. PATIENT(S) One hundred ten men with NOA and 78 fertile controls. INTERVENTION(S) None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) The study has four distinct analytic components: aCGH, a molecular karyotype that detects copy number variations (CNVs); Taqman CNV assays to validate CNVs; mutation identification by Sanger sequencing; and histological analyses of testicular tissues. RESULT(S) A microduplication at 20q11.22 encompassing E2F transcription factor-1 (E2F1) was identified in one of eight men with NOA analyzed using aCGH. CNVs were confirmed and in an additional 102 men with NOA screened using Taqman CNV assays, for a total of 110 NOA men analyzed for CNVs in E2F1. Eight of 110 (7.3%) NOA men had microduplications or microdeletions of E2F1 that were absent in fertile controls. CONCLUSION(S) E2F1 microduplications or microdeletions are present in men with NOA (7.3%). Duplications or deletions of E2F1 occur very rarely in the general population (0.011%), but E2F1 gene dosage changes, previously reported only in cancers, are present in a subset of NOA men. These results recapitulate the infertility phenotype seen in mice lacking or overexpressing E2f1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina J. Jorgez
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
- Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
| | - Nathan Wilken
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
- Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
| | - Josephine B. Addai
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
- Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
| | - Justin Newberg
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
| | - Hima V. Vangapandu
- Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
| | - Alexander W. Pastuszak
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
- Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
| | | | - Jill A. Rosenfeld
- Signature Genomic Laboratories, PerkinElmer, Inc., Spokane, WA, 99207
| | - Larry I. Lipshultz
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
- Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
| | - Dolores J. Lamb
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
- Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
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Tahmasbpour E, Balasubramanian D, Agarwal A. A multi-faceted approach to understanding male infertility: gene mutations, molecular defects and assisted reproductive techniques (ART). J Assist Reprod Genet 2014; 31:1115-37. [PMID: 25117645 PMCID: PMC4156950 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-014-0280-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The assisted reproductive techniques aimed to assist infertile couples have their own offspring carry significant risks of passing on molecular defects to next generations. RESULTS Novel breakthroughs in gene and protein interactions have been achieved in the field of male infertility using genome-wide proteomics and transcriptomics technologies. CONCLUSION Male Infertility is a complex and multifactorial disorder. SIGNIFICANCE This review provides a comprehensive, up-to-date evaluation of the multifactorial factors involved in male infertility. These factors need to be first assessed and understood before we can successfully treat male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ashok Agarwal
- />Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, 44195 Cleveland, OH USA
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Mei Q, Li X, Guo M, Fu X, Han W. The miRNA network: micro-regulator of cell signaling in cancer. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2014; 14:1515-27. [PMID: 25163801 DOI: 10.1586/14737140.2014.953935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The dysregulation of cell signaling plays a pivotal role in tumorigenesis and progression. miRNAs have been linked to almost all known aspects of physiological and pathological processes. It is well known that the miRNA network is linked at several and unexpected levels with cancer-related signaling pathways. Our understanding of the roles and regulation of the miRNA network has been extended to include classical cell signaling, termed miRNA network complements cell signaling in cancer. As a transcription factor, tumor suppressor p53 plays a central role in tumor prevention. Recent studies have demonstrated that miRNAs may regulate the expression of the p53 pathway or be regulated by the p53 pathway. These findings added a new and challenging layer of complexity to the p53 pathway and prompted us to contemplate the use of the compensatory mechanisms in therapeutics against cancer. In this review, we have therefore summarized the p53 tumor suppressive pathway as a typical paradigm to elucidate the advances of the compensatory mechanisms. We then go on to critically discuss how the compensatory mechanisms can be used to enable better cancer diagnosis and prognosis and to serve as potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Mei
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
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36
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Piubelli C, Meraviglia V, Pompilio G, D'Alessandra Y, Colombo GI, Rossini A. microRNAs and Cardiac Cell Fate. Cells 2014; 3:802-23. [PMID: 25100020 PMCID: PMC4197636 DOI: 10.3390/cells3030802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of small, non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) has recently emerged as fundamental in the regulation of the physiology of the cardiovascular system. Several specific miRNAs were found to be expressed in embryonic, postnatal, and adult cardiac tissues. In the present review, we will provide an overview about their role in controlling the different pathways regulating cell identity and fate determination. In particular, we will focus on the involvement of miRNAs in pluripotency determination and reprogramming, and specifically on cardiac lineage commitment and cell direct transdifferentiation into cardiomyocytes. The identification of cardiac-specific miRNAs and their targets provide new promising insights into the mechanisms that regulate cardiac development, function and dysfunction. Furthermore, due to their contribution in reprogramming, they could offer new opportunities for developing safe and efficient cell-based therapies for cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Piubelli
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy of Bolzano/Bozen, Via Galvani 31, I-39100 Bolzano, Italy.
| | - Viviana Meraviglia
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy of Bolzano/Bozen, Via Galvani 31, I-39100 Bolzano, Italy.
| | - Giulio Pompilio
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Via Parea 4, I-20138 Milano, Italy.
| | - Yuri D'Alessandra
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Via Parea 4, I-20138 Milano, Italy.
| | | | - Alessandra Rossini
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy of Bolzano/Bozen, Via Galvani 31, I-39100 Bolzano, Italy.
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Gou LT, Dai P, Liu MF. Small noncoding RNAs and male infertility. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2014; 5:733-45. [PMID: 25044449 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Revised: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Small noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a novel class of gene regulators that modulate gene expression at transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and epigenetic levels, and they play crucial roles in almost all cellular processes in eukaryotes. Recent studies have indicated that several types of small noncoding RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs), endo-small interference RNAs (endo-siRNAs), and Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), are expressed in the male germline and are required for spermatogenesis in animals. In this review, we summarize the recent knowledge of these small noncoding RNAs in male germ cells and their biological functions and mechanisms of action in animal spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Tao Gou
- Center for RNA Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology-University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Ryazansky SS, Mikhaleva EA, Olenkina OV. Essential functions of microRNAs in animal reproductive organs. Mol Biol 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893314030182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Regulation of spermatogenesis by small non-coding RNAs: role of the germ granule. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2014; 29:84-92. [PMID: 24755166 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2014.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The spermatogenic process relays in highly regulated gene expression mechanisms at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels to generate the male gamete that is needed for the perpetuation of the species. Small non-coding RNA pathways have been determined to participate in the post-transcriptional regulatory processes of germ cells. The most important sncRNA molecules that are critically involved in spermatogenesis belong to the miRNA and piRNAs pathways as illustrated by animal models where ablation of specific protein components displays male infertility. Several elements of these regulatory pathways have been found in the nuage or germ granule, a non-membranous cytoplasmatic structure that can be seen in spermatocytes and spermatids. This notion suggests that germ granules may act as organizer centers for silencing pathways in the germline. In general, miRNAs regulate spermatogenesis through targeting and down-regulation of specific transcripts to eventually promote sperm development. However, piRNAs are powerful repressors of transposon elements expression in the spermatogenic process. Here we describe the suggested functions that miRNA and piRNAs pathways execute in the regulation of spermatogenesis and include some recent studies in the field. Despite major strides on the detailed molecular mechanisms of sncRNAs in relation to spermatogenesis, there is plenty to discover on this fascinating regulatory program.
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Backe MB, Novotny GW, Christensen DP, Grunnet LG, Mandrup-Poulsen T. Altering β-cell number through stable alteration of miR-21 and miR-34a expression. Islets 2014; 6:e27754. [PMID: 25483877 PMCID: PMC4281945 DOI: 10.4161/isl.27754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Revised: 01/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM An insufficient functional β-cell mass is a prerequisite to develop diabetes. Thus, means to protect or restore β-cell mass are important goals in diabetes research. Inflammation and proinflammatory cytokines play important roles in β-cell dysfunction and death, and recent data show that 2 miRNAs, miR-21 and miR-34a, may be involved in mediating cytokine-induced β-cell dysfunction. Therefore, manipulation of miR-21 and miR-34a levels may potentially be beneficial to β cells. To study the effect of long-term alterations of miR-21 or miR-34a levels upon net β-cell number, we stably overexpressed miR-21 and knocked down miR-34a, and investigated essential cellular processes. MATERIALS AND METHODS miRNA expression was manipulated using Lentiviral transduction of the β-cell line INS-1. Stable cell lines were generated, and cell death, NO synthesis, proliferation, and total cell number were monitored in the absence or presence of cytokines. RESULTS Overexpression of miR-21 decreased net β-cell number in the absence of cytokines, and increased apoptosis and NO synthesis in the absence and presence of cytokines. Proliferation was increased upon miR-21 overexpression. Knockdown of miR-34a increased net β-cell number in the absence of cytokines, and reduced apoptosis and NO synthesis in the absence and presence of cytokines. Proliferation was decreased upon miR-34a knockdown. CONCLUSION As overexpression of miR-21 increased proliferation, but also apoptosis and NO synthesis, the potential of miR-21 as a therapeutic agent to increase β-cell survival is doubtful. Knockdown of miR-34a slightly decreased proliferation, but as apoptosis and NO synthesis were highly reduced, miR-34a may be further investigated as a therapeutic target to reduce β-cell death and dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Balslev Backe
- Section of Endocrinological Research; Department of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Guy Wayne Novotny
- Section of Endocrinological Research; Department of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dan Ploug Christensen
- Section of Endocrinological Research; Department of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Groth Grunnet
- Section of Endocrinological Research; Department of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk; Department of Islet Biology; Måløv, Denmark
| | - Thomas Mandrup-Poulsen
- Section of Endocrinological Research; Department of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm, Sweden
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MicroRNA expression profiles in human testicular tissues of infertile men with different histopathologic patterns. Fertil Steril 2014; 101:78-86.e2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Revised: 09/01/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Ma Y, Zhang P, Wang F, Zhang H, Yang Y, Shi C, Xia Y, Peng J, Liu W, Yang Z, Qin H. Elevated oncofoetal miR-17-5p expression regulates colorectal cancer progression by repressing its target gene P130. Nat Commun 2013; 3:1291. [PMID: 23250421 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 11/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are essential for regulating normal embryonic development and carcinogenesis. Here we report that miR-17-5p, an oncofoetal miRNA, is a key regulator of colorectal cancer progression. We show that miR-17-5p is an oncogenic miRNA that regulates tumorigenesis and progression by targeting the gene encoding P130 and subsequently activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Using specimens from two large cohorts of colorectal cancer patients, we found that patients whose tumours had high miR-17-5p expression had shorter overall survival rates but showed a better response to adjuvant chemotherapy than did patients whose tumours had low miRNA expression. We also observed a strong inverse correlation between miR-17-5p and P130 expression. The current findings suggest that miR-17-5p is a crucial determinant of colorectal cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlei Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, 301 Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200072, China
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Wu P, Agnelli L, Walker BA, Todoerti K, Lionetti M, Johnson DC, Kaiser M, Mirabella F, Wardell C, Gregory WM, Davies FE, Brewer D, Neri A, Morgan GJ. Improved risk stratification in myeloma using a microRNA-based classifier. Br J Haematol 2013; 162:348-59. [PMID: 23718138 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.12394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a heterogeneous disease. International Staging System/fluorescence hybridization (ISS/FISH)-based model and gene expression profiles (GEP) are effective approaches to define clinical outcome, although yet to be improved. The discovery of a class of small non-coding RNAs (micro RNAs, miRNAs) has revealed a new level of biological complexity underlying the regulation of gene expression. In this work, 163 presenting samples from MM patients were analysed by global miRNA profiling, and distinct miRNA expression characteristics in molecular subgroups with prognostic relevance (4p16, MAF and 11q13 translocations) were identified. Furthermore we developed an "outcome classifier", based on the expression of two miRNAs (MIR17 and MIR886-5p), which is able to stratify patients into three risk groups (median OS 19.4, 40.6 and 65.3 months, P = 0.001). The miRNA-based classifier significantly improved the predictive power of the ISS/FISH approach (P = 0.0004), and was independent of GEP-derived prognostic signatures (P < 0.002). Through integrative genomics analysis, we outlined the potential biological relevance of the miRNAs included in the classifier and their putative roles in regulating a large number of genes involved in MM biology. This is the first report showing that miRNAs can be built into molecular diagnostic strategies for risk stratification in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wu
- Section of Haemato-Oncology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK
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Abstract
One of the most important and evolutionarily conserved strategies to control gene expression in higher metazoa is posttranscriptional regulation via small regulatory RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs), endogenous small interfering RNAs (endo-siRNAs), and piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs). Primordial germ cells, which are defined by their totipotent potential and noted for their dependence on posttranscriptional regulation by RNA-binding proteins, rely on these small regulatory RNAs for virtually every aspect of their development, including specification, migration, and differentiation into competent gametes. Here, we review current knowledge of the roles miRNAs, endo-siRNAs, and piRNAs play at all stages of germline development in various organisms, focusing on studies in the mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S Cook
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
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Gao X, Zhang R, Qu X, Zhao M, Zhang S, Wu H, Jianyong L, Chen L. MiR-15a, miR-16-1 and miR-17-92 cluster expression are linked to poor prognosis in multiple myeloma. Leuk Res 2012; 36:1505-9. [PMID: 22959509 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2012.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Revised: 07/11/2012] [Accepted: 08/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by a profound genomic instability of potential prognostic relevance. Loss of chromosome 13, observed in almost half of patients, negatively affects prognosis. MiR-15a, miR16-1 and miR-17-92 cluster, located on 13q, play important roles in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Therefore, we investigated a possible correlation of miRNA expression with chromosome 13 deletions (del(13)) and prognosis. We measured the expression of miR-15a, miR16-1 in 70 newly diagnosed MM patients and miR-17-92 cluster in 85 newly diagnosed MM patients by quantitative real-time PCR analyses. MiR-15a, miR-16-1 and miR-17-92 cluster expression levels are independent of the del(13). High levels of miR-15a, miR-16-1, miR-17, miR-20a and miR-92-1 are associated with shorter progression-free survival (PFS), suggesting poor prognosis. Our data suggest that the expression of specific miRNAs may be contributing to MM prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Gao
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
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Characterization and importance of microRNAs in mammalian gonadal functions. Cell Tissue Res 2012; 349:679-90. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-012-1469-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Accepted: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Hung JJ, Hsueh CT, Chen KH, Hsu WH, Wu YC. Clinical significance of E2F1 protein expression in non-small cell lung cancer. Exp Hematol Oncol 2012; 1:18. [PMID: 23210897 PMCID: PMC3514097 DOI: 10.1186/2162-3619-1-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2012] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED BACKGROUND The transcription factor E2F1 has been implicated in cell cycle control and DNA damage response. Paradoxically, E2F1 can promote apoptosis and function as tumor suppressor. In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), there are conflicting data for clinical significance of E2F1 expression. In this study, we investigated the protein expression of E2F1 in patients with stage I-III NSCLC, and its correlation with clinical outcome. RESULTS 56 paired adjacent non-tumor/tumor matched samples were prospectively obtained from patients undergoing surgery for stage I-III NSCLC at Taipei Veterans General Hospital. The protein expression of E2F1 was determined by Western blot analysis. The levels of E2F1 protein were significantly higher in tumor samples than in non-tumor lung specimens (P = 0.008). Overexpression of E2F1 was defined as a more than 2-fold expression in the tumorous sample compared with the corresponding nontumorous one, and was noted in 21 patients (37.5%). There was no significant difference in overall survival (P = 0.44) or probability of freedom from recurrence (P = 0.378) between patients with E2F1 overexpression vs. non-overexpressors. Additionally, there was no significant association between E2F1 overexpression and any clinicopathologic parameter such as histological type, stage, or angiolymphatic invasion of tumor. CONCLUSION E2F1 protein is frequently overexpressed in NSCLC. There is no correlation between E2F1 protein expression and clinical outcome such as survival and freedom from progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Jyh Hung
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.
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Du L, Pertsemlidis A. microRNA regulation of cell viability and drug sensitivity in lung cancer. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2012; 12:1221-39. [PMID: 22731874 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2012.697149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION microRNAs (miRNAs) are 19 - 23 nucleotide long RNAs found in multiple organisms that regulate gene expression and have been shown to play important roles in tumorigenesis. In the context of lung cancer, numerous studies have shown that tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes that play crucial roles in lung tumor development and progression are targets of miRNA regulation. Manipulation of miRNA levels that modulate lung cancer cell survival and drug sensitivity can therefore provide novel therapeutic targets and agents. AREAS COVERED Here, the authors review the published in vitro, in vivo and preclinical studies on the functional role of miRNAs in modulating lung cancer cell viability and drug response, and discuss the limitations and promise of translating current findings into miRNA-based therapeutic and diagnostic strategies. EXPERT OPINION Although many miRNAs have been identified as potent regulators of cell viability and drug sensitivity in lung cancer, most of them have not been characterized for potential clinical application. Further study is warranted to evaluate translation of the current findings to the clinic to improve the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. In addition, most studies have focused on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It is therefore important to raise interest in investigating miRNAs in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) as well as in comparative studies of miRNA expression and function in different histological subtypes of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqin Du
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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Novotny GW, Belling KC, Bramsen JB, Nielsen JE, Bork-Jensen J, Almstrup K, Sonne SB, Kjems J, Rajpert-De Meyts E, Leffers H. MicroRNA expression profiling of carcinoma in situ cells of the testis. Endocr Relat Cancer 2012; 19:365-79. [PMID: 22420006 DOI: 10.1530/erc-11-0271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Testicular germ cell tumours, seminoma (SE) and non-seminoma (NS), of young adult men develop from a precursor cell, carcinoma in situ (CIS), which resembles foetal gonocytes and retains embryonic pluripotency. We used microarrays to analyse microRNA (miRNA) expression in 12 human testis samples with CIS cells and compared it with miRNA expression profiles of normal adult testis, testis with Sertoli-cell-only that lacks germ cells, testis tumours (SE and embryonal carcinoma (EC), an undifferentiated component of NS) and foetal male and female gonads. Principal components analysis revealed distinct miRNA expression profiles characteristic for each of the different tissue types. We identified several miRNAs that were unique to testis with CIS cells, foetal gonads and testis tumours. These included miRNAs from the hsa-miR-371-373 and -302-367 clusters that have previously been reported in germ cell tumours and three miRNAs (hsa-miR-96, -141 and -200c) that were also expressed in human epididymis. We found several miRNAs that were upregulated in testis tumours: hsa-miR-9, -105 and -182-183-96 clusters were highly expressed in SE, while the hsa-miR-515-526 cluster was high in EC. We conclude that the miRNA expression profile changes during testis development and that the miRNA profile of adult testis with CIS cells shares characteristic similarities with the expression in foetal gonocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Wayne Novotny
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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