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Barrett HL, Dekker Nitert M, D’Emden M, Lingwood B, de Jersey S, McIntyre HD, Callaway LK. Capillary Triglycerides in Late Pregnancy-Challenging to Measure, Hard to Interpret: A Cohort Study of Practicality. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041266. [PMID: 33924317 PMCID: PMC8070156 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal triglycerides are increasingly recognised as important predictors of infant growth and fat mass. The variability of triglyceride patterns during the day and their relationship to dietary intake in women in late pregnancy have not been explored. This prospective cohort study aimed to examine the utility of monitoring capillary triglycerides in women in late pregnancy. METHODS Twenty-nine women (22 with gestational diabetes (GDM) and 7 without) measured capillary glucose and triglycerides using standard meters at home for four days. On two of those days, they consumed one of two standard isocaloric breakfast meals: a high-fat/low-carbohydrate meal (66% fat) or low fat/high carbohydrate meal (10% fat). Following the standard meals, glucose and triglyceride levels were monitored. RESULTS Median capillary triglycerides were highly variable between women but did not differ between GDM and normoglycaemic women. There was variability in capillary triglycerides over four days of home monitoring and a difference in incremental area under the curve for capillary triglycerides and glucose between the two standard meals. The high-fat standard meal lowered the incremental area under the curve for capillary glucose (p < 0.0001). Fasting (rho 0.66, p = 0.0002) and postpradial capillary triglycerides measured at home correlated with venous triglyceride levels. CONCLUSIONS The lack of differences in response to dietary fat intake and the correlation between capillary and venous triglycerides suggest that monitoring of capillary triglycerides before and after meals in pregnancy is unlikely to be useful in the routine clinical practice management of women with gestational diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen L. Barrett
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia;
- Department of Endocrinology, Mater Health, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-7-31638111
| | - Marloes Dekker Nitert
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia;
| | - Michael D’Emden
- The Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Herston, QLD 4029, Australia; (M.D.); (S.d.J.); (L.K.C.)
- School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Barbara Lingwood
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia;
| | - Susan de Jersey
- The Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Herston, QLD 4029, Australia; (M.D.); (S.d.J.); (L.K.C.)
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia;
| | - H. David McIntyre
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia;
- School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
- Department of Obstetric Medicine, Mater Health, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
| | - Leonie K. Callaway
- The Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Herston, QLD 4029, Australia; (M.D.); (S.d.J.); (L.K.C.)
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Vitale M, Masulli M, Rivellese AA, Babini AC, Boemi M, Bonora E, Buzzetti R, Ciano O, Cignarelli M, Cigolini M, Clemente G, Citro G, Corsi L, Dall'Aglio E, Del Prato S, Di Cianni G, Dolci MA, Giordano C, Iannarelli R, Iovine C, Lapolla A, Lauro D, Leotta S, Mazzucchelli C, Montani V, Perriello G, Romano G, Romeo F, Santarelli L, di Cola RS, Squatrito S, Tonutti L, Trevisan R, Turco AA, Zamboni C, Riccardi G, Vaccaro O. Influence of dietary fat and carbohydrates proportions on plasma lipids, glucose control and low-grade inflammation in patients with type 2 diabetes-The TOSCA.IT Study. Eur J Nutr 2015; 55:1645-51. [PMID: 26303195 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-015-0983-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The optimal macronutrient composition of the diet for the management of type 2 diabetes is debated, particularly with regard to the ideal proportion of fat and carbohydrates. The aim of the study was to explore the association of different proportions of fat and carbohydrates of the diet-within the ranges recommended by different guidelines-with metabolic risk factors. METHODS We studied 1785 people with type 2 diabetes, aged 50-75, enrolled in the TOSCA.IT Study. Dietary habits were assessed using a validated food-frequency questionnaire (EPIC). Anthropometry, fasting lipids, HbA1c and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured. RESULTS Increasing fat intake from <25 to ≥35 % is associated with a significant increase in LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, HbA1c and CRP (p < 0.05). Increasing carbohydrates intake from <45 to ≥60 % is associated with significantly lower triglycerides, HbA1c and CRP (p < 0.05). A fiber intake ≥15 g/1000 kcal is associated with a better plasma lipids profile and lower HbA1c and CRP than lower fiber consumption. A consumption of added sugars of ≥10 % of the energy intake is associated with a more adverse plasma lipids profile and higher CRP than lower intake. CONCLUSIONS In people with type 2 diabetes, variations in the proportion of fat and carbohydrates of the diet, within the relatively narrow ranges recommended by different nutritional guidelines, significantly impact on the metabolic profile and markers of low-grade inflammation. The data support the potential for reducing the intake of fat and added sugars, preferring complex, slowly absorbable, carbohydrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vitale
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University "Federico II" of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - M Masulli
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University "Federico II" of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - A A Rivellese
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University "Federico II" of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - A C Babini
- Diabetology, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy
| | - M Boemi
- UOC Malattie Metaboliche e Diabetologia, INRCA-IRCCS Institute, Ancona, Italy
| | - E Bonora
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - R Buzzetti
- UOC di Diabetologia Universitaria, Ospedale Santa Maria Goretti, Latina, Italy
| | - O Ciano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University "Federico II" of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - M Cignarelli
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - M Cigolini
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - G Clemente
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University "Federico II" of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - G Citro
- UO Endocrinologia e Diabetologia, ASP, Potenza, Italy
| | - L Corsi
- SSD Diabetologia e Malattie del Metabolismo, ASL 4 Chiavarese, Genova, Italy
| | - E Dall'Aglio
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - S Del Prato
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - M A Dolci
- UO Diabetologia, USL 1, Massa e Carrara, Italy
| | - C Giordano
- Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - R Iannarelli
- UO Diabetologia, Ospedale San Salvatore, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - C Iovine
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University "Federico II" of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - A Lapolla
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - D Lauro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - S Leotta
- Unit of Diabetology, Sandro Pertini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - C Mazzucchelli
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, IRCCS San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - V Montani
- UOSD, Presidio Ospedaliero di Atri, Atri, Italy
| | - G Perriello
- MISEM, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - G Romano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University "Federico II" of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - F Romeo
- Diabetologia, ASL Torino 5, Torino, Italy
| | - L Santarelli
- Presidio Ospedaliero di Lanciano, Lanciano, Italy
| | - R Schiano di Cola
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University "Federico II" of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - S Squatrito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - L Tonutti
- SOC di Endocrinologia e Malattie del Metabolismo, AOU "S. Maria della Misericordia", Udine, Italy
| | - R Trevisan
- Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, AO Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - A A Turco
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University "Federico II" of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - C Zamboni
- Unità Operativa di Malattie Metaboliche, Dietologia e Nutrizione Clinica, AOU Arcispedale "S. Anna", Ferrara, Italy
| | - G Riccardi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University "Federico II" of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - O Vaccaro
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University "Federico II" of Naples, Naples, Italy.
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Assmann G, Buono P, Daniele A, Della Valle E, Farinaro E, Ferns G, Krogh V, Kromhout D, Masana L, Merino J, Misciagna G, Panico S, Riccardi G, Rivellese AA, Rozza F, Salvatore F, Salvatore V, Stranges S, Trevisan M, Trimarco B, Vetrani C. Functional foods and cardiometabolic diseases* International Task Force for Prevention of Cardiometabolic Diseases. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2014; 24:1272-1300. [PMID: 25467217 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2014.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mounting evidence supports the hypothesis that functional foods containing physiologically-active components may be healthful. Longitudinal cohort studies have shown that some food classes and dietary patterns are beneficial in primary prevention, and this has led to the identification of putative functional foods. This field, however, is at its very beginning, and additional research is necessary to substantiate the potential health benefit of foods for which the diet-health relationships are not yet scientifically validated. It appears essential, however, that before health claims are made for particular foods, in vivo randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trials of clinical end-points are necessary to establish clinical efficacy. Since there is need for research work aimed at devising personalized diet based on genetic make-up, it seems more than reasonable the latter be modeled, at present, on the Mediterranean diet, given the large body of evidence of its healthful effects. The Mediterranean diet is a nutritional model whose origins go back to the traditional dietadopted in European countries bordering the Mediterranean sea, namely central and southern Italy, Greece and Spain; these populations have a lower incidence of cardiovascular diseases than the North American ones, whose diet is characterized by high intake of animal fat. The meeting in Naples and this document both aim to focus on the changes in time in these two different models of dietary habits and their fall out on public health.
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Hajjaji N, Bougnoux P. Selective sensitization of tumors to chemotherapy by marine-derived lipids: a review. Cancer Treat Rev 2012; 39:473-88. [PMID: 22850619 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2012.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2012] [Revised: 06/27/2012] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite great improvements, a significant proportion of cancer patients still die, mainly because of the development of metastases. At this stage, current treatments still rely heavily on conventional chemotherapy for most cancers. The efficacy of chemotherapy is dose-dependent, which is limited by toxicity to non-tumor tissues, as a result of its poor tumor selectivity. To improve survival length and preserve quality of life, the challenge is to develop approaches aimed at increasing chemotherapy toxicity to tumor tissue while not affecting non-tumor tissues. Marine-derived lipids, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), have the potential to differentially sensitize tissues to chemotherapy. These lipids enhance the cytotoxicity of 15 anticancer drugs (antimetabolites, alkylating or intercalating agents, microtubule stabilizers, Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor and arsenic trioxide) to a variety of cancer cell lines or tumors in animals, used as models for breast, prostate, colonic, lung, cervical, ovarian cancers, neuroblastomas, leukemia or lymphomas. However, DHA and EPA do not sensitize non-tumor tissues to anticancer drugs, which suggests that the effect of these lipids is tumor selective. Two phase II clinical trials already support these results, and randomized, phase III trials are ongoing. In this review, we discuss the double-faceted properties of these lipids, and then focus on their potential for transfer to the patient in the light of current therapeutic strategies. Should their beneficial effects be confirmed, the consequences could be considerable by opening up the prospect of systematic supplementation during cancer treatment, a significant shift in current cancer therapeutic paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawale Hajjaji
- Cancer Research Laboratory, University Hospital of Tours, France.
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Scafoglieri A, Tresignie J, Provyn S, Clarys JP, Bautmans I. Reproducibility, accuracy and concordance of Accutrend Plus for measuring circulating lipid concentration in adults. Biochem Med (Zagreb) 2012; 22:100-8. [PMID: 22384524 PMCID: PMC4062330 DOI: 10.11613/bm.2012.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The determination of lipid biomarkers by capillary sampling may be useful in the screening, diagnosis and/or personal management of hyperlipidemia and cardiovascular risk. It remains unclear whether the use of the Accutrend Plus system is appropriate. This study aimed to assess its reproducibility, accuracy and concordance for blood lipid profiling in adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fasting capillary total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) concentration on Accutrend Plus were compared with their venous analogues obtained by a laboratory reference method in sixty-one adults (27 men and 34 women, aged 33.0 years). Supplementary capillary sampling was performed at two consecutive days taking into account macro-nutrient intake. RESULTS The day-to-day reproducibility of the Accutrend Plus system proved to be high for TC (ICC = 0.85, P < 0.001), but moderate for TG (ICC = 0.68, P < 0.001). Strong correlations (r > or = 0.80, P < 0.001) with the reference method were found for TC and TG. Mean difference (limits of agreement) were: 0.26 mmol/L (-0.95, 1.47) for TC, and -0.16 mmol/L (-1.29, 0.98) for TG. The concordance for subject classification according to the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) guidelines was significant (P < 0.001), with substantial agreement for TC (K(w) = 0.67), and moderate agreement for TG (K(w) = 0.50). CONCLUSIONS Day-to-day reproducibility of the Accutrend Plus device for TC and TG is not optimal and lacks accuracy when compared to the reference laboratory method. The concordance between both methods for classifying subjects according to the NCEP is inadequate. Accutrend Plus device should not be interchangeably used as a substitution for the standard laboratory methods in the diagnosis of hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Scafoglieri
- Department of Experimental Anatomy (EXAN), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
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