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Sugumaran D, Yong ACH, Stanslas J. Advances in psoriasis research: From pathogenesis to therapeutics. Life Sci 2024; 355:122991. [PMID: 39153596 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting approximately 2 % to 3 % of the global population. The pathogenesis of psoriasis is complex, involving immune dysregulation, hyperproliferation and angiogenesis. It is a multifactorial disease which is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. The development of various therapeutic agents, such as JAK inhibitors, small molecules, and biologics with potential anti-psoriatic properties was possible with the vast understanding of the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Various signalling pathways, including NF-κB, JAK-STAT, S1P, PDE-4, and A3AR that are involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis as well as the preclinical models utilised in the research of psoriasis have been highlighted in this review. The review also focuses on technological advancements that have contributed to a better understanding of psoriasis. Then, the molecules targeting the respective signalling pathways that are still under clinical trials or recently approved as well as the latest breakthroughs in therapeutic and drug delivery approaches that can contribute to the improvement in the management of psoriasis are highlighted in this review. This review provides an extensive understanding of the current state of research in psoriasis, giving rise to opportunities for researchers to discover future therapeutic breakthroughs and personalised interventions. Efficient treatment options for individuals with psoriasis can be achieved by an extensive understanding of pathogenesis, therapeutic agents, and novel drug delivery strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dineshwar Sugumaran
- Pharmacotherapeutic Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Audrey Chee Hui Yong
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahsa University, Bandar Saujana Putra, Jenjarom, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Johnson Stanslas
- Pharmacotherapeutic Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Van Mechelen M, Raychaudhuri SP, Raychaudhuri SK, de Vlam K. GRAPPA 2023 Basic Science Workshop: What to Expect From Animal Models for Psoriatic Arthritis and Psoriasis. J Rheumatol 2024; 51:31-32. [PMID: 39009396 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.2024-0258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Animal models help to drive research into psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA), particularly when studies in humans are not feasible. There are no animal models that perfectly mimic psoriatic disease (PsD) and so the pros and cons of each existing model must be considered for appropriate experimental design. Roughly, the existing animal models for PsD can be divided into 4 categories: (1) spontaneous models, (2) transgenic models, (3) inducible models, and (4) xenotransplantation models. Animal models in PsD are extremely important for dissecting and understanding molecular mechanisms of the disease process and for developing novel drugs. Animal models remain highly valuable for research in PsD in 2 scenarios. The first scenario is when complex interventions or analyses are required that are not feasible in humans due to technical, safety, or economic reasons. The second is when well-controlled study environments are required, such as dietary modifications, that would be challenging in humans. This topic was presented as part of the basic science workshops during the Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA) 2023 annual meeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margot Van Mechelen
- M. Van Mechelen, MD, PhD, Department of Immunology, Allergology and Rheumatology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Siba P Raychaudhuri
- S.P. Raychaudhuri, MD, PhD, School of Medicine, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California Davis/Sacramento VA Medical Center, Davis, California, USA
| | - Smriti K Raychaudhuri
- S.K. Raychaudhuri, MD, School of Medicine, University of California Davis/Sacramento VA Medical Center, Davis, California, USA
| | - Kurt de Vlam
- K. de Vlam, MD, PhD, Department of Development and Regeneration, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, Laboratory of Tissue Homeostasis and Disease, KU Leuven, and Division of Rheumatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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3
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Raabe HA, Costin GE, Allen DG, Lowit A, Corvaro M, O'Dell L, Breeden-Alemi J, Page K, Perron M, Flint Silva T, Westerink W, Baker E, Sullivan K. Human relevance of in vivo and in vitro skin irritation tests for hazard classification of pesticides. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2024:1-21. [PMID: 39180341 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2024.2387596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Background: Test methods to inform hazard characterization and labeling of pesticides to protect human health are typically conducted using laboratory animals, and for skin irritation/corrosion the rabbit Draize test is currently required by many regulatory agencies. Although the Draize test is generally regarded to provide protective classifications for human health, new approach methodologies (NAMs) have been developed that offer more human relevant models that circumvent the uncertainty associated with species differences that exist between rabbits and humans. Despite wide applicability and use of these test methods across a broad range of chemicals, they have not been widely adopted for testing pesticides and pesticidal formulations. One of the barriers to adoption of these methods in this sector is low concordance with results from the Draize rabbit test, particularly for chemicals within the mild to moderate irritation spectrum. Methods: This review compares and contrasts the extent to which available models used in skin irritation testing mimic the anatomy and physiology of human skin, and how each aligns with the known key events leading to chemically-induced adverse skin irritation and corrosion. Doing so fully characterizes the human relevance of each method. Results: As alternatives to the rabbit Draize test, several protocols using ex vivo, in chemico, and in vitro skin models are available as internationally harmonized test guidelines. These methods rely on a variety of models of human skin, including excised rodent skin, synthetic biochemical models of barrier function, cell culture systems, and reconstructed human tissue models. We find these models exhibit biological and mechanistic relevance aligned with human skin irritation responses. Further, recent retrospective analyses have shown that the reproducibility of the Draize test is less than 50% for mild and moderate responses, with many of the replicate predictions spanning more than one category (e.g., a moderate response reported in one study followed by a non-irritant response reported in another study). Conclusions: Based on this comparative evaluation, we recommend top-down and bottom-up testing strategies that use the most human relevant in vitro test methods for skin irritation and corrosion classification of pesticides and pesticide formulations. To further discriminate among mild and non-irritant formulations, optimization of a cytokine release protocol and subsequent analyses of reference formulation test results is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans A Raabe
- Institute for In Vitro Sciences, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Anna Lowit
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Elizabeth Baker
- Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
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Gujarathi PP, Korat RH, Gujarathi PS. Preclinical techniques for drug discovery in psoriasis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 137:112378. [PMID: 38852518 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory, papulosquamous, noncontagious disease characterized by scaly, demarcated erythematous plaque, affecting skin, nails, and scalp. The IL-23/Th17 axis is the main operator in the development of psoriasis. Psoriasis is affecting worldwide, and new treatment options are urgently needed. Various local and systemic treatments are available for psoriasis but they only provide symptomatic relief because of numerous unknown mechanisms. Clinical trials demand overwhelming resources; therefore, drug development predominantly depends on the in-vivo, in-vitro, and ex-vivo techniques. Immediate attention is required to develop experimental techniques that completely imitate human psoriasis to assist drug development. This review portrays the various in-vivo, in-vitro, and ex-vivo techniques used in psoriasis research. It describes these techniques' characteristics, pathological presentations, and mechanisms. The experimental techniques of psoriasis provide significant information on disease progression mechanisms and possible therapeutic targets. However, until now, it has been challenging to invent a timely, affordable model that precisely imitates a human disease. Only the xenotransplantation model is reckoned as the closer, that mimics the complete genetic, and immunopathogenic event. Imiquimod-induced psoriasis and HaCat cell lines are popular among researchers because of their convenience, ease of use, and cost-effectiveness. There need to further improve the experimental techniques to best serve the disease imitation and meet the research goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranjal P Gujarathi
- Department of Pharmacology, Vidhyadeep Institute of Pharmacy, Vidhyadeep University, Anita, Surat, Gujarat, India; Bhagwan Mahavir Centre for Advance Research, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Pharmacy, Bhagwan Mahavir University, Vesu, Surat, Gujarat, India.
| | - Rashmi H Korat
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Pharmacy, Bhagwan Mahavir Univeristy, Vesu, Surat, Gujarat, India
| | - Piyush S Gujarathi
- Department of Community Medicine, Vidhyadeep Homeopathic Medical College and Research Centre, Vidhyadeep University, Anita, Surat, Gujarat, India
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5
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Rossi S, Richards EL, Orozco G, Eyre S. Functional Genomics in Psoriasis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7349. [PMID: 39000456 PMCID: PMC11242296 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is an autoimmune cutaneous condition that significantly impacts quality of life and represents a burden on society due to its prevalence. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have pinpointed several psoriasis-related risk loci, underlining the disease's complexity. Functional genomics is paramount to unveiling the role of such loci in psoriasis and disentangling its complex nature. In this review, we aim to elucidate the main findings in this field and integrate our discussion with gold-standard techniques in molecular biology-i.e., Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)-and high-throughput technologies. These tools are vital to understanding how disease risk loci affect gene expression in psoriasis, which is crucial in identifying new targets for personalized treatments in advanced precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Stephen Eyre
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics versus Arthritis, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; (S.R.); (E.L.R.); (G.O.)
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Zheng J, Park K, Jang J, Son D, Park J, Kim J, Yoo JE, You S, Kim IY. Utilizing stem cell-secreted molecules as a versatile toolbox for skin regenerative medicine. J Control Release 2024; 370:583-599. [PMID: 38729435 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Stem cells are recognized as an important target and tool in regenerative engineering. In this study, we explored the feasibility of engineering amniotic fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cell-secreted molecules (afMSC-SMs) as a versatile bioactive material for skin regenerative medicine applications in a time- and cost-efficient and straightforward manner. afMSC-SMs, obtained in powder form through ethanol precipitation, effectively contributed to preserving the self-renewal capacity and differentiation potential of primary human keratinocytes (pKCs) in a xeno-free environment, offering a potential alternative to traditional culture methods for their long-term in vitro expansion, and allowed them to reconstitute a fully stratified epithelium sheet on human dermal fibroblasts. Furthermore, we demonstrated the flexibility of afMSC-SMs in wound healing and hair regrowth through injectable hydrogel and nanogel-mediated transdermal delivery systems, respectively, expanding the pool of regenerative applications. This cell-free approach may offer several potential advantages, including streamlined manufacturing processes, scalability, controlled formulation, longer shelf lives, and mitigation of risks associated with living cell transplantation. Accordingly, afMSC-SMs could serve as a promising therapeutic toolbox for advancing cell-free regenerative medicine, simplifying their broad applicability in various clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zheng
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoungmin Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihoon Jang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Daryeon Son
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghyun Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonggun Kim
- Institute of Regenerative Medicine, SL, Therapeutics Inc., Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Yoo
- Institute of Regenerative Medicine, SL, Therapeutics Inc., Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungkwon You
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - In-Yong Kim
- Catholic High-Performance Cell Therapy Center & Department of Medical Life Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea.
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Gwon Y, Park S, Kim W, Park S, Sharma H, Jeong HE, Kong H, Kim J. Graphene Hybrid Tough Hydrogels with Nanostructures for Tissue Regeneration. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:2188-2195. [PMID: 38324001 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, hydrogels have attracted considerable attention as promising biomedical materials. However, conventional hydrogels require improved mechanical properties, such as brittleness, which significantly limits their widespread use. Recently, hydrogels with remarkably improved toughness have been developed; however, their low biocompatibility must be addressed. In this study, we developed a tough graphene hybrid hydrogel with nanostructures. The resultant hydrogel exhibited remarkable mechanical properties while representing an aligned nanostructure that resembled the extracellular matrix of soft tissue. Owing to the synergistic effect of the topographical properties, and the enhanced biochemical properties, the graphene hybrid hydrogel had excellent stretchability, resilience, toughness, and biocompatibility. Furthermore, the hydrogel displayed outstanding tissue regeneration capabilities (e.g., skin and tendons). Overall, the proposed graphene hybrid tough hydrogel may provide significant insights into the application of tough hydrogels in tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghyun Gwon
- Department of Convergence Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangbae Park
- Department of Convergence Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Nano-Stem Cells Therapeutics, NANOBIOSYSTEM Co., Ltd, Gwangju 61011, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Woochan Kim
- Department of Convergence Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunho Park
- Department of Convergence Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bio-Industrial Machinery Engineering, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Harshita Sharma
- Department of Convergence Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Eui Jeong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjoon Kong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jangho Kim
- Department of Convergence Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Nano-Stem Cells Therapeutics, NANOBIOSYSTEM Co., Ltd, Gwangju 61011, Republic of Korea
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Kommoss KS, Bieler T, Ringen J, Lehmann A, Mihalceanu S, Hobohm L, Keller K, Brand A, Fischer B, Kramer D, Wild J, Waisman A, Enk A, Schäkel K, Heikenwälder M, Karbach S. A simple tool for evaluation of inflammation in psoriasis: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio as markers in psoriasis patients and related murine models of psoriasis-like skin disease. J Mol Med (Berl) 2024; 102:247-255. [PMID: 38127137 PMCID: PMC10857970 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02406-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Objective parameters to quantify psoriatic inflammation are needed for interdisciplinary patient care, as well as preclinical experimental models. This study evaluates neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in psoriasis patients and five murine models of psoriasis-like skin disease based on topical imiquimod application and overexpression of IL-17A under different promotors. We performed a single-center prospective observational study in a German population, investigating psoriasis patients prior to, 4 weeks, and 16 weeks post begin of systemic anti-inflammatory therapy. Psoriasis area and severity index (PASI), blood count, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were attained at each timepoint. Additionally, five murine models of psoriasis-like skin disease involving five distinct experimental procedures differing in time of disease-onset and severity were investigated regarding PLR and NLR. Of 43 recruited psoriasis patients, 34 patients were followed up to 16 weeks. The cohort was 69.77% male, showing a median age of 32.0 years (range 19.0-67.0; IQR 26). The median PASI decreased from 16.35 (8.0-50.0; 10.20) to 1.6 (0-10.3; 2.56) after 16 weeks of systemic therapy. Spearman's correlation showed statistically significant positive correlation for NLR with PASI (rs = 0.27, p = 0.006), however not for PLR. NLR, but not PLR, was significantly associated with PASI in a multiple linear regression analysis including age, sex, psoriasis arthritis, and smoking. In the murine models of psoriasis-like skin disease, both NLR and PLR were significantly increased in the acute-severe models compared to controls (p < 0.001, p = 0.005, and p = 0.02, respectively), demonstrating gradually less increased values from severe-acute to mild-late-onset psoriatic phenotype. NLR was significantly associated with PASI in psoriatic patients as well as psoriatic phenotype in different murine psoriasis models. Our data warrants investigation of NLR in psoriasis patients and preclinical psoriasis models as an objective biomarker of psoriatic skin inflammation. KEY MESSAGES : NLR, but not PLR, showed a statistically significant positive correlation with Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) in our human psoriasis cohort. Both NLR and PLR were significantly increased in murine psoriasis models compared to matched controls, with gradually less increased values from severe-acute to mild-late-onset psoriatic phenotype. NLR may represent an easily available, cheap, and objective parameter to monitor psoriatic inflammation in both clinical patient routine, as well as preclinical experimental murine models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina S Kommoss
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Tabea Bieler
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing (IWR), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julia Ringen
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Annika Lehmann
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Silvia Mihalceanu
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lukas Hobohm
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Center for Cardiology-Cardiology I, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Karsten Keller
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Center for Cardiology-Cardiology I, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Sports Medicine, Medical Clinic VII, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Brand
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Berenice Fischer
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Daniela Kramer
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Johannes Wild
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Center for Cardiology-Cardiology I, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)-Partner Site RheinMain (Mainz), Mainz, Germany
| | - Ari Waisman
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Alexander Enk
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Knut Schäkel
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mathias Heikenwälder
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- The M3 Research Center, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research On Cancer Metabolism and Chronic Inflammation, Medical Faculty, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Susanne Karbach
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Center for Cardiology-Cardiology I, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)-Partner Site RheinMain (Mainz), Mainz, Germany
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Vijayapoopathi S, Ramamoorthy R, Meganathan J, Kalaiyazhagan A, Bhuvarahamurthy S, Venugopal B. Nutraceutical combination ameliorates imiquimod-induced psoriasis in mice. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:1578-1587. [PMID: 37705136 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects both localized and systemic regions of the body. This condition is characterized by the hyperproliferation of keratinocytes, resulting in skin thickening, scaling, and erythema. The severity of psoriasis depends on the extent of skin involvement, the location of the infection, and the symptoms that the person exhibits. While no cure exists, conventional therapies such as topical and systemic drugs are generally used to manage the exacerbation of symptoms. However, chronic use and overdose can lead to other severe adverse effects. Therefore, scientists and researchers are exploring potential nutraceuticals that can be considered as an alternative source of management for psoriasis. Current research aims to use different combinations of natural compounds like cannabidiol, myo-inositol, eicosapentaenoic acid, and krill oil to study the effect of these compounds in the prevention and treatment of psoriasis in the imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriatic mice model. The Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) scoring system is used to analyze skin thickness, scales, and erythema. The results indicate that the krill oil combined with the cannabidiol and myo-inositol shows better results than other nutraceutical combinations. In the future, the natural products of krill oil can be combined with cannabidiol and myo-inositol to create an improved alternative to existing steroidal and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for psoriasis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Singaravel Vijayapoopathi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. ALM Post-Graduation Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Rajalakshmi Ramamoorthy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. ALM Post-Graduation Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, India
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Studies, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA
| | - Jayaprakash Meganathan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. ALM Post-Graduation Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Ananthi Kalaiyazhagan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. ALM Post-Graduation Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, India
| | | | - Bhuvarahamurthy Venugopal
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. ALM Post-Graduation Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, India
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Wlaschek M, Singh K, Maity P, Scharffetter-Kochanek K. The skin of the naked mole-rat and its resilience against aging and cancer. Mech Ageing Dev 2023; 216:111887. [PMID: 37993056 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2023.111887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
The naked mole-rat (NMR) Heterocephalus glaber (from the Greek/latin words ἕτερος, heteros = divergent, κεφαλή, kephalē = head and glabra = hairless) was first described by Rüppell (Fig. 1) and belongs to the Hystricognath (from the Greek words ὕστριξ, hystrix = porcupine and γνάθος, gnathos = jaw) as a suborder of rodents. NMR are characterized by the highest longevity among rodents and reveal a profound cancer resistance. Details of its skin-specific protective and resistance mechanisms against aging and carcinogenesis have so far not been adequately characterized. Recently, our knowledge of NMR skin biology was complemented and expanded by published data using state-of-the art histological and molecular techniques. Here we review and integrate novel published data regarding skin morphology and histology of the aging NMR and the underlying mechanisms at the cellular and molecular level. We relate this data to the longevity of the NMR and its resistance to neoplastic transformation and discuss further open questions to understand its extraordinary longevity. In addition, we will address the exposome, defined as "the total of all non-genetic, endogenous and exogenous environmental influences" on the skin, respiratory tract, stomach, and intestine. Finally, we will discuss in perspective further intriguing possibilities arising from the interaction of skin with other organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meinhard Wlaschek
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Karmveer Singh
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Pallab Maity
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
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Lariosa-Willingham K, Leonoudakis D, Simon F, Walker K, Guillaume P, Warren L, Stratton J. Imiquimod-induced pruritus in female wild-type and knockin Wistar rats: underscoring behavioral scratching in a rat model for antipruritic treatments. BMC Res Notes 2023; 16:348. [PMID: 38007440 PMCID: PMC10675923 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-023-06627-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Animal models of skin disease are used to evaluate therapeutics to alleviate disease. One common clinical dermatological complaint is pruritus (itch), but there is a lack of standardization in the characterization of pre-clinical models and scratching behavior, a key itch endpoint, is often neglected. One such model is the widely used imiquimod (IMQ) mouse model of psoriasis. However, it lacks characterized behavioral attributes like scratching, nor has widely expanded to other species like rats. Given these important attributes, this study was designed to broaden the characterization beyond the expected IMQ-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammatory skin changes and to validate the role of a potential therapeutic agent for pruritus in our genetic rat model. The study included female Wistar rats and genetically modified knockin (humanized proteinase-activated receptor 2 (F2RL1) female rats, with the widely used C57BL/6 J mice as a methodology control for typical IMQ dosing. RESULTS We demonstrate that the IMQ model can be reproduced in rats, including their genetically modified derivatives, and how scratching can be used as a key behavioral endpoint. We systemically delivered an anti-PAR2 antibody (P24E1102) which reversed scratching bouts-validating this behavioral methodology and have shown its feasibility and value in identifying effective antipruritic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Florian Simon
- Porsolt SAS, ZA de Glatigné, 53940, Le Genest-Saint-Isle, France
| | - Kendall Walker
- Porsolt SAS, ZA de Glatigné, 53940, Le Genest-Saint-Isle, France
| | | | - Liling Warren
- Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, Redwood City, CA, 94063, USA
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Bernal-Alferes B, Gómez-Mosqueira R, Ortega-Tapia GT, Burgos-Vargas R, García-Latorre E, Domínguez-López ML, Romero-López JP. The role of γδ T cells in the immunopathogenesis of inflammatory diseases: from basic biology to therapeutic targeting. J Leukoc Biol 2023; 114:557-570. [PMID: 37040589 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The γδ T cells are lymphocytes with an innate-like phenotype that can distribute to different tissues to reside and participate in homeostatic functions such as pathogen defense, tissue modeling, and response to stress. These cells originate during fetal development and migrate to the tissues in a TCR chain-dependent manner. Their unique manner to respond to danger signals facilitates the initiation of cytokine-mediated diseases such as spondyloarthritis and psoriasis, which are immune-mediated diseases with a very strong link with mucosal disturbances, either in the skin or the gut. In spondyloarthritis, γδ T cells are one of the main sources of IL-17 and, therefore, the main drivers of inflammation and probably new bone formation. Remarkably, this population can be the bridge between gut and joint inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Bernal-Alferes
- Laboratorio de Inmunoquímica 1, Posgrado en Ciencias Quimicobiológicas, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Lázaro Cárdenas, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Santo Tomás C.P. 11340 Alcaldía Miguel Hidalgo, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Rafael Gómez-Mosqueira
- Laboratorio de Inmunoquímica 1, Posgrado en Ciencias Quimicobiológicas, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Lázaro Cárdenas, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Santo Tomás C.P. 11340 Alcaldía Miguel Hidalgo, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Graciela Teresa Ortega-Tapia
- Laboratorio de Inmunoquímica 1, Posgrado en Ciencias Quimicobiológicas, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Lázaro Cárdenas, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Santo Tomás C.P. 11340 Alcaldía Miguel Hidalgo, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Rubén Burgos-Vargas
- Departamento de Reumatología, Hospital General de México "Dr. Eduardo Liceaga", Dr. Balmis No. 148 Col. Doctores C.P. 06720, Alcaldía Cuauhtémoc Ciudad de México, México
| | - Ethel García-Latorre
- Laboratorio de Inmunoquímica 1, Posgrado en Ciencias Quimicobiológicas, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Lázaro Cárdenas, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Santo Tomás C.P. 11340 Alcaldía Miguel Hidalgo, Ciudad de México, México
| | - María Lilia Domínguez-López
- Laboratorio de Inmunoquímica 1, Posgrado en Ciencias Quimicobiológicas, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Lázaro Cárdenas, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Santo Tomás C.P. 11340 Alcaldía Miguel Hidalgo, Ciudad de México, México
| | - José Pablo Romero-López
- Laboratorio de Patogénesis Molecular, Edificio A4, Red MEDICI, Carrera de Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios Número 1, Colonia Los Reyes Ixtacala, C.P. 54090, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, México
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13
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Malik B, Vokic I, Mohr T, Poppelaars M, Holcmann M, Novoszel P, Timelthaler G, Lendl T, Krauss D, Elling U, Mildner M, Penninger JM, Petzelbauer P, Sibilia M, Csiszar A. FAM3C/ILEI protein is elevated in psoriatic lesions and triggers psoriasiform hyperproliferation in mice. EMBO Mol Med 2023; 15:e16758. [PMID: 37226685 PMCID: PMC10331587 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202216758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
FAM3C/ILEI is an important cytokine for tumor progression and metastasis. However, its involvement in inflammation remains elusive. Here, we show that ILEI protein is highly expressed in psoriatic lesions. Inducible keratinocyte-specific ILEI overexpression in mice (K5-ILEIind ) recapitulates many aspects of psoriasis following TPA challenge, primarily manifested by impaired epidermal differentiation and increased neutrophil recruitment. Mechanistically, ILEI triggers Erk and Akt signaling, which then activates STAT3 via Ser727 phosphorylation. Keratinocyte-specific ILEI deletion ameliorates TPA-induced skin inflammation. A transcriptomic ILEI signature obtained from the K5-ILEIind model shows enrichment in several signaling pathways also found in psoriasis and identifies urokinase as a targetable enzyme to counteract ILEI activity. Pharmacological inhibition of urokinase in TPA-induced K5-ILEIind mice results in significant improvement of psoriasiform symptoms by reducing ILEI secretion. The ILEI signature distinguishes psoriasis from healthy skin with uPA ranking among the top "separator" genes. Our study identifies ILEI as a key driver in psoriasis, indicates the relevance of ILEI-regulated genes for disease manifestation, and shows the clinical impact of ILEI and urokinase as novel potential therapeutic targets in psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barizah Malik
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of Vienna, Comprehensive Cancer CenterViennaAustria
- Present address:
School of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Quaid‐e‐Azam CampusUniversity of the PunjabLahorePakistan
| | - Iva Vokic
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of Vienna, Comprehensive Cancer CenterViennaAustria
| | - Thomas Mohr
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of Vienna, Comprehensive Cancer CenterViennaAustria
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
- Joint Metabolome FacilityUniversity of Vienna and Medical University ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Marle Poppelaars
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of Vienna, Comprehensive Cancer CenterViennaAustria
| | - Martin Holcmann
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of Vienna, Comprehensive Cancer CenterViennaAustria
| | - Philipp Novoszel
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of Vienna, Comprehensive Cancer CenterViennaAustria
| | - Gerald Timelthaler
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of Vienna, Comprehensive Cancer CenterViennaAustria
| | - Thomas Lendl
- Research Institute of Molecular PathologyViennaAustria
| | - Dana Krauss
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of Vienna, Comprehensive Cancer CenterViennaAustria
| | - Ulrich Elling
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA)ViennaAustria
| | - Michael Mildner
- Department of DermatologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Josef M Penninger
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA)ViennaAustria
- Department of Medical Genetics, Life Science InstituteUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | | | - Maria Sibilia
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of Vienna, Comprehensive Cancer CenterViennaAustria
| | - Agnes Csiszar
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of Vienna, Comprehensive Cancer CenterViennaAustria
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14
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Lu Y, Zhu Y, Zhao X, Pan M, He H. An optical system for noninvasive microscopy of psoriatic mice in vivo. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2023; 16:e202200310. [PMID: 36519190 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202200310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease involved with both complex morphological changes of skin and immune processes. The clinical diagnostics and research of psoriasis often require invasive biopsy which lacks their real-time dynamics in vivo. Here we report a noninvasive microscopic system developed by combining in vivo fluorescent microscopy, optical clearing, and immunolabeling to enable real-time imaging of immune cells and cytokines in blood flow in psoriatic animal models. The vascular morphology and time-lapse kinetics of interleukin (IL)-23, IL-17, tumor necrosis factor-α, and CD4+ cells in blood are captured at submicron resolution through the thickening epidermis and opaque scales during the development of psoriasis in vivo. Our data suggest IL-23 recruits CD4+ cells to release IL-17 in blood that further leaks out in the psoriatic skin area. This optical system enables noninvasive and real-time assessment of immune molecules and cells in vivo, providing good potential for medical researches on psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Lu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujie Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Dermatology, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Pan
- Department of Dermatology, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao He
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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15
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Yadav K, Singh D, Singh MR, Minz S, Princely Ebenezer Gnanakani S, Sucheta, Yadav R, Vora L, Sahu KK, Bagchi A, Singh Chauhan N, Pradhan M. Preclinical study models of psoriasis: State-of-the-art techniques for testing pharmaceutical products in animal and nonanimal models. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 117:109945. [PMID: 36871534 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Local and systemic treatments exist for psoriasis, but none can do more than control its symptoms because of its numerous unknown mechanisms. The lack of validated testing models or a defined psoriatic phenotypic profile hinders antipsoriatic drug development. Despite their intricacy, immune-mediated diseases have no improved and precise treatment. The treatment actions may now be predicted for psoriasis and other chronic hyperproliferative skin illnesses using animal models. Their findings confirmed that a psoriasis animal model could mimic a few disease conditions. However, their ethical approval concerns and inability to resemble human psoriasis rightly offer to look for more alternatives. Hence, in this article, we have reported various cutting-edge techniques for the preclinical testing of pharmaceutical products for the treatment of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Yadav
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India; Raipur Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sarona, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India
| | - Deependra Singh
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India
| | - Manju Rawat Singh
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India
| | - Sunita Minz
- Department of Pharmacy, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, India
| | | | - Sucheta
- School of Medical and Allied Sciences, K. R. Mangalam University, Gurugram, Haryana 122103, India
| | - Renu Yadav
- School of Medical and Allied Sciences, K. R. Mangalam University, Gurugram, Haryana 122103, India
| | - Lalitkumar Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Kantrol Kumar Sahu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh 281406, India
| | - Anindya Bagchi
- Tumor Initiation & Maintenance Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Nagendra Singh Chauhan
- Drugs Testing Laboratory Avam Anusandhan Kendra (AYUSH), Government Ayurvedic College, Raipur, India
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16
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Jeon C, Choi J, Shin J, Min HS, Nam J, Jeon S, Kim J, Kim Y, Sim J, Ahn H, Kim M, Yang H, Jung H. Micro-pillar tunnel stamp for enhanced transdermal delivery of topical drug formulations. Acta Biomater 2023; 160:112-122. [PMID: 36764594 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Dissolving microneedles (DMNs), despite their minimally invasive drug administration, face challenges in skin insertion and drug-loading capacity, which lead to less effective drug delivery. The micro-pillar tunnel stamp (MPTS) was designed to enhance the transdermal delivery efficacy of externally provided topical formulations via the creation of microchannels. The tunnel and canal of the MPTS enable the simultaneous application of DMNs and topical drugs. The application of micro-pillar-polycaprolactone (MP-PCL), which is a DMN made of a slowly dissolving polymer, exhibited a drug permeation rate 1.3-fold and 2.6-fold higher than that of micro-pillar-hyaluronic acid (MP-HA), a DMN made of a rapidly dissolving polymer, and the topical group, respectively. The base diameter of MP-PCL was set to 700 μm for maximized delivery efficacy, achieving 2.8-fold higher L-ascorbic acid accumulation than that of the topical group. In vivo analysis showed that, compared to topical administration, MPTS-delivered lidocaine had 5-fold greater permeation and the MPTS-delivered group showed 1.25-fold higher skin residual amount, confirming enhanced delivery. Thus, the optimized MPTS system can be presented as an attractive alternative to overcome the limitations of the existing MN systems such as incomplete insertion and limited drug-loading capacity, enhancing the delivery of topical formulations in the transdermal market. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: We developed a micro-pillar tunnel stamp (MPTS) to enhance the delivery of externally provided topical formulations. The functional tunnel and canal of the MPTS enabled the simultaneous application of a dissolving microneedle (DMN) array insertion and administration of external topical drugs. Upon insertion, the DMNs created skin microchannels that allowed the externally administered drug to diffuse. DMNs were fabricated using polycaprolactone (PCL), a slowly dissolving polymer, to maintain their structure inside the skin and prolong the opening duration of the microchannels. This system achieved significantly improved delivery of topically administered external drugs via integration with slowly dissolving DMNs, while offering the possibility of its development as a universal delivery system for various topical pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chansol Jeon
- Department of Biotechnology, Building 123, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Juvic Inc., 272 Digital-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08389, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaibyung Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, Building 123, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwoo Shin
- Department of Biotechnology, Building 123, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Su Min
- Department of Biotechnology, Building 123, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeehye Nam
- Department of Biotechnology, Building 123, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghun Jeon
- Department of Biotechnology, Building 123, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongin Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Building 123, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Youseong Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Building 123, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeeho Sim
- Department of Biotechnology, Building 123, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeri Ahn
- Department of Biotechnology, Building 123, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyung Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Building 123, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Huisuk Yang
- Juvic Inc., 272 Digital-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08389, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungil Jung
- Department of Biotechnology, Building 123, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Juvic Inc., 272 Digital-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08389, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Li Z, Sumpio B, Wang E, Contreras M, Mezghani I, Theocharidis G, Veves A. Protocol for xenotransplantation of human skin and streptozotocin diabetes induction in immunodeficient mice to study impaired wound healing. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102029. [PMID: 36857077 PMCID: PMC9852947 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2022.102029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we present a protocol for the integration of human skin onto the backs of diabetic immunodeficient mice, providing a versatile in vivo model for mimicking and studying mechanisms involved in impaired cutaneous wound healing. This protocol includes instructions for the grafting of human skin, induction of diabetes using streptozotocin and wounding/post-wounding care of immunodeficient mice, as well as suggested downstream tissue analyses. This preclinical mouse model can be used to validate the efficacy of newly developed wound dressings. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Theocharidis et al. (2022).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuqing Li
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center and The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brandon Sumpio
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center and The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Enya Wang
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center and The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mauricio Contreras
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ikram Mezghani
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center and The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Georgios Theocharidis
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center and The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Aristidis Veves
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center and The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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18
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Impact of Obesity on the IL-6 Immune Marker and Th17 Immune Cells in C57BL/6 Mice Models with Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065592. [PMID: 36982669 PMCID: PMC10059802 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Obese psoriatic patients experience higher disease severity and exhibit poorer treatment responses and clinical outcomes. It has been proposed that proinflammatory cytokines produced by adipose tissue exacerbate psoriasis; however, the role of obesity in psoriasis remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the role of obesity in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, focusing on immunological changes. To induce obesity, mice were fed a high-fat diet for 20 weeks. We then applied imiquimod to the skin on a mouse’s back for seven consecutive days to induce psoriasis and scored lesion severity every day for seven days. Cytokine levels in serum and the Th17 cell population in the spleen and draining lymph nodes were studied to identify immunological differences. The clinical severity was more remarkable, and histologically the epidermis was also significantly thicker in the obese group. Increased levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were observed in serum after psoriasis. They were elevated to a greater degree, with greater expansion of the functional Th17 cell population in the obese group. It is concluded that obesity could exacerbate psoriasis through mechanisms that involve elevated proinflammatory cytokine secretion and an expanded Th17 cell population.
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19
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Parab S, Doshi G. The Experimental Animal Models in Psoriasis Research: A Comprehensive Review. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 117:109897. [PMID: 36822099 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is an autoimmune, chronic, inflammatory skin condition mediated by T cells. It differs from other inflammatory conditions by causing significant alterations in epidermal cell proliferation and differentiation that are both complicated and prominent. The lack of an appropriate animal model has significantly hindered studies into the pathogenic mechanisms of psoriasis since animals other than humans typically do not exhibit the complex phenotypic features of human psoriasis. A variety of methods, including spontaneous mutations, drug-induced mutations, genetically engineered animals, xenotransplantation models, and immunological reconstitution approaches, have all been employed to study specific characteristics in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Although some of these approaches have been used for more than 50 years and far more models have been introduced recently, they have surprisingly not yet undergone detailed validation. Despite their limitations, these models have shown a connection between keratinocyte hyperplasia, vascular hyperplasia, and a cell-mediated immune response in the skin. The xenotransplantation of diseased or unaffected human skin onto immune-compromised recipients has also significantly aided psoriasis research. This technique has been used in a variety of ways to investigate the function of T lymphocytes and other cells, including preclinical therapeutic studies. The design of pertinent in vivo and in vitro psoriasis models is currently of utmost concern and a crucial step toward its cure. This article outlines the general approach in the development of psoriasis-related animal models, aspects of some specific models, along with their strengths and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddhi Parab
- SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, V.M. Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India
| | - Gaurav Doshi
- SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, V.M. Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India.
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20
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Tryptanthrin ameliorates imiquimod-induced psoriasis in mice by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress via NF-κB/MAPK/Nrf2 pathways. J Nat Med 2023; 77:188-201. [PMID: 36378401 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-022-01664-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, approximately 3% of the world's population suffers from psoriasis, an inflammatory dermatosis with high recurrence. Tryptanthrin (TRYP) is a natural alkaloid that possesses anti-inflammatory activities on multiple diseases. The present study aimed to unravel whether TRYP could relieve psoriasis and how it works. Imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriatic mouse models were administered saline (model), TRYP (25 and 100 mg/kg), or methotrexate (MTX, 1 mg/kg) and considered as the positive control. TNF-α-induced keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) with TRYP (0, 10, 20 and 50 nM) were used for in vitro verification. Psoriasis area severity index (PASI) and spleen index were evaluated. Th17 cell infiltration in both spleens and lymph nodes was detected by flow cytometry. The expression levels of inflammatory cytokines, glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and catalase (CAT), as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD), were examined by ELISA, while the NF-κB/MAPK/Nrf2 pathways-related proteins were determined by western blot. TRYP significantly attenuated psoriatic skin lesions, increased GSH, SOD, and CAT levels, reduced spleen index, accumulation of MDA, the abundance of Th17 cells in both the spleen and lymph nodes, and secretion of inflammatory cytokines in IMQ-induced psoriatic mouse models. Mechanically, TRYP suppressed IMQ-activated NF-κB (IκB and p65), MAPK (JNK, ERK1/2, and p38), and activated Nrf2 signaling pathways. Similar alterations for inflammation and oxidative stress parameters and NF-κB/MAPK/Nrf2 pathways were also observed in TNF-α-treated HaCaT cells upon TRYP treatment. Our findings suggested TRYP is effective in protecting against inflammation and oxidative stress in psoriasis-like pathogenesis by modulating the NF-κB/MAPK/Nrf2 pathways.
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21
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del Rio Oliva M, Mellett M, Basler M. Immunoproteasome inhibition attenuates experimental psoriasis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1075615. [PMID: 36591277 PMCID: PMC9798438 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1075615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Psoriasis is an autoimmune skin disease associated with multiple comorbidities. The immunoproteasome is a special form of the proteasome expressed in cells of hematopoietic origin. Methods The therapeutic use of ONX 0914, a selective inhibitor of the immunoproteasome, was investigated in Card14ΔE138+/- mice, which spontaneously develop psoriasis-like symptoms, and in the imiquimod murine model. Results In both models, treatment with ONX 0914 significantly reduced skin thickness, inflammation scores, and pathological lesions in the analyzed skin tissue. Furthermore, immunoproteasome inhibition normalized the expression of several pro-inflammatory genes in the ear and significantly reduced the inflammatory infiltrate, accompanied by a significant alteration in the αβ+ and γδ+ T cell subsets. Discussion ONX 0914 ameliorated psoriasis-like symptoms in two different murine psoriasis models, which supports the use of immunoproteasome inhibitors as a therapeutic treatment in psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta del Rio Oliva
- Division of Immunology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Mark Mellett
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich (USZ), Zürich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zürich (UZH), Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Basler
- Division of Immunology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
- Biotechnology Institute Thurgau at the University of Konstanz, Kreuzlingen, Switzerland
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22
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Xian F, Sondermann JR, Gomez Varela D, Schmidt M. Deep proteome profiling reveals signatures of age and sex differences in paw skin and sciatic nerve of naïve mice. eLife 2022; 11:e81431. [PMID: 36448997 PMCID: PMC9711526 DOI: 10.7554/elife.81431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The age and sex of studied animals profoundly impact experimental outcomes in biomedical research. However, most preclinical studies in mice use a wide-spanning age range from 4 to 20 weeks and do not assess male and female mice in parallel. This raises concerns regarding reproducibility and neglects potentially relevant age and sex differences, which are largely unknown at the molecular level in naïve mice. Here, we employed an optimized quantitative proteomics workflow in order to deeply profile mouse paw skin and sciatic nerves (SCN) - two tissues implicated in nociception and pain as well as diseases linked to inflammation, injury, and demyelination. Remarkably, we uncovered significant differences when comparing male and female mice at adolescent (4 weeks) and adult (14 weeks) age. Our analysis deciphered protein subsets and networks that were correlated with the age and/or sex of mice. Notably, among these were proteins/biological pathways with known (patho)physiological relevance, e.g., homeostasis and epidermal signaling in skin, and, in SCN, multiple myelin proteins and regulators of neuronal development. Extensive comparisons with available databases revealed that various proteins associated with distinct skin diseases and pain exhibited significant abundance changes in dependence on age and/or sex. Taken together, our study uncovers hitherto unknown sex and age differences at the level of proteins and protein networks. Overall, we provide a unique proteome resource that facilitates mechanistic insights into somatosensory and skin biology, and integrates age and sex as biological variables - a prerequisite for successful preclinical studies in mouse disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xian
- Systems Biology of Pain, Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Julia Regina Sondermann
- Systems Biology of Pain, Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - David Gomez Varela
- Systems Biology of Pain, Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Manuela Schmidt
- Systems Biology of Pain, Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of ViennaViennaAustria
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23
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Jain H, Devabattula G, Bhat A, Dalvi H, Rangaraj N, Godugu C, Srivastava S. Topical Delivery of Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase (BTK) Inhibitor and Curcumin Loaded Nano-structured Lipid Carrier Gel: Repurposing Strategy for the Psoriasis Management. Pharm Dev Technol 2022; 27:975-988. [DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2022.2142610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Harsha Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, INDIA
| | - Geetanjali Devabattula
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, INDIA
| | - Aditi Bhat
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, INDIA
| | - Harshita Dalvi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, INDIA
| | - Nagarjun Rangaraj
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, INDIA
| | - Chandraiah Godugu
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, INDIA
| | - Saurabh Srivastava
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, INDIA
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24
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Harley ITW, Allison K, Scofield RH. Polygenic autoimmune disease risk alleles impacting B cell tolerance act in concert across shared molecular networks in mouse and in humans. Front Immunol 2022; 13:953439. [PMID: 36090990 PMCID: PMC9450536 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.953439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Most B cells produced in the bone marrow have some level of autoreactivity. Despite efforts of central tolerance to eliminate these cells, many escape to periphery, where in healthy individuals, they are rendered functionally non-responsive to restimulation through their antigen receptor via a process termed anergy. Broad repertoire autoreactivity may reflect the chances of generating autoreactivity by stochastic use of germline immunoglobulin gene segments or active mechanisms may select autoreactive cells during egress to the naïve peripheral B cell pool. Likewise, it is unclear why in some individuals autoreactive B cell clones become activated and drive pathophysiologic changes in autoimmune diseases. Both of these remain central questions in the study of the immune system(s). In most individuals, autoimmune diseases arise from complex interplay of genetic risk factors and environmental influences. Advances in genome sequencing and increased statistical power from large autoimmune disease cohorts has led to identification of more than 200 autoimmune disease risk loci. It has been observed that autoantibodies are detectable in the serum years to decades prior to the diagnosis of autoimmune disease. Thus, current models hold that genetic defects in the pathways that control autoreactive B cell tolerance set genetic liability thresholds across multiple autoimmune diseases. Despite the fact these seminal concepts were developed in animal (especially murine) models of autoimmune disease, some perceive a disconnect between human risk alleles and those identified in murine models of autoimmune disease. Here, we synthesize the current state of the art in our understanding of human risk alleles in two prototypical autoimmune diseases - systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and type 1 diabetes (T1D) along with spontaneous murine disease models. We compare these risk networks to those reported in murine models of these diseases, focusing on pathways relevant to anergy and central tolerance. We highlight some differences between murine and human environmental and genetic factors that may impact autoimmune disease development and expression and may, in turn, explain some of this discrepancy. Finally, we show that there is substantial overlap between the molecular networks that define these disease states across species. Our synthesis and analysis of the current state of the field are consistent with the idea that the same molecular networks are perturbed in murine and human autoimmune disease. Based on these analyses, we anticipate that murine autoimmune disease models will continue to yield novel insights into how best to diagnose, prognose, prevent and treat human autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac T. W. Harley
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
- Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Initiative (HI3), Department of Immunology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
- Rheumatology Section, Medicine Service, Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Kristen Allison
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
- Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Initiative (HI3), Department of Immunology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - R. Hal Scofield
- Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- Medical/Research Service, US Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
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25
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Castro AR, Portinha C, Logarinho E. The Emergent Power of Human Cellular vs Mouse Models in Translational Hair Research. Stem Cells Transl Med 2022; 11:1021-1028. [PMID: 35962707 PMCID: PMC9585950 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szac059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Different animal models have been used for hair research and regeneration studies based on the similarities between animal and human skins. Primary knowledge on hair follicle (HF) biology has arisen from research using mouse models baring spontaneous or genetically engineered mutations. These studies have been crucial for the discovery of genes underlying human hair cycle control and hair loss disorders. Yet, researchers have become increasingly aware that there are distinct architectural and cellular features between the mouse and human HFs, which might limit the translation of findings in the mouse models. Thus, it is enticing to reason that the spotlight on mouse models and the unwillingness to adapt to the human archetype have been hampering the emergence of the long-awaited human hair loss cure. Here, we provide an overview of the major limitations of the mainstream mouse models for human hair loss research, and we underpin a future course of action using human cell bioengineered models and the emergent artificial intelligence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Castro
- Aging and Aneuploidy Group, IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Saúde Viável-Insparya Hair Center, Porto, Portugal.,Doctoral Program in Biomedical Engineering, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Elsa Logarinho
- Aging and Aneuploidy Group, IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Saúde Viável-Insparya Hair Center, Porto, Portugal
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26
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Carlos ECDS, Cristovão GA, Silva AA, Ribeiro BCDS, Romana‐Souza B. Imiquimod‐induced
ex vivo
model of psoriatic human skin via
interleukin‐17A
signaling of T cells and Langerhans cells. Exp Dermatol 2022; 31:1791-1799. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.14659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alcimar Alves Silva
- Department of Histology and Embryology Rio de Janeiro State University Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | | | - Bruna Romana‐Souza
- Department of Histology and Embryology Rio de Janeiro State University Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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27
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Sachen KL, Arnold Greving CN, Towne JE. Role of IL-36 cytokines in psoriasis and other inflammatory skin conditions. Cytokine 2022; 156:155897. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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28
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Ji Y, Yang S, Zhou K, Lu J, Wang R, Rocliffe HR, Pellicoro A, Cash JL, Li C, Huang Z. Semisupervised representative learning for measuring epidermal thickness in human subjects in optical coherence tomography by leveraging datasets from rodent models. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2022; 27:085002. [PMID: 35982528 PMCID: PMC9388694 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.27.8.085002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Morphological changes in the epidermis layer are critical for the diagnosis and assessment of various skin diseases. Due to its noninvasiveness, optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a good candidate for observing microstructural changes in skin. Convolutional neural network (CNN) has been successfully used for automated segmentation of the skin layers of OCT images to provide an objective evaluation of skin disorders. Such method is reliable, provided that a large amount of labeled data is available, which is very time-consuming and tedious. The scarcity of patient data also puts another layer of difficulty to make the model more generalizable. AIM We developed a semisupervised representation learning method to provide data augmentations. APPROACH We used rodent models to train neural networks for accurate segmentation of clinical data. RESULT The learning quality is maintained with only one OCT labeled image per volume that is acquired from patients. Data augmentation introduces a semantically meaningful variance, allowing for better generalization. Our experiments demonstrate the proposed method can achieve accurate segmentation and thickness measurement of the epidermis. CONCLUSION This is the first report of semisupervised representative learning applied to OCT images from clinical data by making full use of the data acquired from rodent models. The proposed method promises to aid in the clinical assessment and treatment planning of skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Ji
- University of Dundee, School of Science and Engineering, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Shufan Yang
- Edinburgh Napier University, School of Computing, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- University of Glasgow, Center of Medical and Industrial Ultrasonics, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Kanheng Zhou
- University of Dundee, School of Science and Engineering, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Jie Lu
- University of Washington, Department of Bioengineering, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Ruikang Wang
- University of Washington, Department of Bioengineering, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Holly R. Rocliffe
- The University of Edinburgh, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Antonella Pellicoro
- The University of Edinburgh, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jenna L. Cash
- The University of Edinburgh, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Chunhui Li
- University of Dundee, School of Science and Engineering, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Zhihong Huang
- University of Dundee, School of Science and Engineering, Dundee, United Kingdom
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29
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Probing the Skin–Brain Axis: New Vistas Using Mouse Models. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137484. [PMID: 35806489 PMCID: PMC9267936 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory diseases of the skin, including atopic dermatitis and psoriasis, have gained increasing attention with rising incidences in developed countries over the past decades. While bodily properties, such as immunological responses of the skin, have been described in some detail, interactions with the brain via different routes are less well studied. The suggested routes of the skin–brain axis comprise the immune system, HPA axis, and the peripheral and central nervous system, including microglia responses and structural changes. They provide starting points to investigate the molecular mechanisms of neuropsychiatric comorbidities in AD and psoriasis. To this end, mouse models exist for AD and psoriasis that could be tested for relevant behavioral entities. In this review, we provide an overview of the current mouse models and assays. By combining an extensive behavioral characterization and state-of-the-art genetic interventions with the investigation of underlying molecular pathways, insights into the mechanisms of the skin–brain axis in inflammatory cutaneous diseases are examined, which will spark further research in humans and drive the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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30
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Burmeister DM, Supp DM, Clark RA, Tredget EE, Powell HM, Enkhbaatar P, Bohannon JK, Cancio LC, Hill DM, Nygaard RM. Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Small and Large Animals in Burn Research: Proceedings of the 2021 Research Special Interest Group. J Burn Care Res 2022; 43:1032-1041. [PMID: 35778269 DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/irac091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Multiple animal species and approaches have been used for modeling different aspects of burn care, with some strategies considered more appropriate or translatable than others. On April 15, 2021, the Research Special Interest Group of the American Burn Association held a virtual session as part of the agenda for the annual meeting. The session was set up as a pro/con debate on the use of small versus large animals for application to four important aspects of burn pathophysiology: burn healing/conversion; scarring; inhalation injury; and sepsis. For each of these topics, 2 experienced investigators (one each for small and large animal models) described the advantages and disadvantages of using these preclinical models. The use of swine as a large animal model was a common theme due to anatomic similarities with human skin. The exception to this was a well-defined ovine model of inhalation injury; both of these species have larger airways which allow for incorporation of clinical tools such as bronchoscopes. However, these models are expensive and demanding from labor and resource standpoints. Various strategies have been implemented to make the more inexpensive rodent models appropriate for answering specific questions of interest in burns. Moreover, modelling burn-sepsis in large animals has proven difficult. It was agreed that the use of both small and large animal models have merit for answering basic questions about the responses to burn injury. Expert opinion and the ensuing lively conversations are summarized herein, which we hope will help inform experimental design of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Burmeister
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Dorothy M Supp
- Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Scientific Staff, Shriners Children's Ohio, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Richard A Clark
- Stony Brook University, Departments of Dermatology, Biomedical Engineering and Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Edward E Tredget
- Firefighters' Burn Treatment Unit, Department of Surgery, 2D3.31 Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Heather M Powell
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Scientific Staff, Shriners Children's Ohio, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Perenlei Enkhbaatar
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical Branch, University of Texas, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Julia K Bohannon
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Leopoldo C Cancio
- United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, TX, USA
| | - David M Hill
- Firefighters' Burn Center, Regional One Health, 877 Jefferson Avenue, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Rachel M Nygaard
- Department of Surgery, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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31
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Wang J, Eming SA, Ding X. Role of mTOR Signaling Cascade in Epidermal Morphogenesis and Skin Barrier Formation. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11060931. [PMID: 35741452 PMCID: PMC9220260 DOI: 10.3390/biology11060931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The skin epidermis is a stratified multilayered epithelium that provides a life-sustaining protective and defensive barrier for our body. The barrier machinery is established and maintained through a tightly regulated keratinocyte differentiation program. Under normal conditions, the basal layer keratinocytes undergo active proliferation and migration upward, differentiating into the suprabasal layer cells. Perturbation of the epidermal differentiation program often results in skin barrier defects and inflammatory skin disorders. The protein kinase mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is the central hub of cell growth, metabolism and nutrient signaling. Over the past several years, we and others using transgenic mouse models have unraveled that mTOR signaling is critical for epidermal differentiation and barrier formation. On the other hand, there is increasing evidence that disturbed activation of mTOR signaling is significantly implicated in the development of various skin diseases. In this review, we focus on the formation of skin barrier and discuss the current understanding on how mTOR signaling networks, including upstream inputs, kinases and downstream effectors, regulate epidermal differentiation and skin barrier formation. We hope this review will help us better understand the metabolic signaling in the epidermis, which may open new vistas for epidermal barrier defect-associated disease therapy. Abstract The skin epidermis, with its capacity for lifelong self-renewal and rapid repairing response upon injury, must maintain an active status in metabolism. Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling is a central controller of cellular growth and metabolism that coordinates diverse physiological and pathological processes in a variety of tissues and organs. Recent evidence with genetic mouse models highlights an essential role of the mTOR signaling network in epidermal morphogenesis and barrier formation. In this review, we focus on the recent advances in understanding how mTOR signaling networks, including upstream inputs, kinases and downstream effectors, regulate epidermal morphogenesis and skin barrier formation. Understanding the details of the metabolic signaling will be critical for the development of novel pharmacological approaches to promote skin barrier regeneration and to treat epidermal barrier defect-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People’s Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China;
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Sabine A. Eming
- Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50674 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Zoology, Developmental Biology Unit, University of Cologne, 50674 Cologne, Germany
- Correspondence: (S.A.E.); (X.D.); Tel.: +86-137-6457-1130 (X.D.)
| | - Xiaolei Ding
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People’s Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China;
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Correspondence: (S.A.E.); (X.D.); Tel.: +86-137-6457-1130 (X.D.)
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32
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Effect of ultraviolet C emitted from KrCl excimer lamp with or without bandpass filter to mouse epidermis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267957. [PMID: 35503791 PMCID: PMC9064105 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that 222-nm ultraviolet C (UVC) exerts a germicidal effect on bacteria and viruses as well as UV radiation emitted from a conventional germicidal lamp but is less toxic to the mammalian cells than that from a germicidal lamp. An excimer lamp filled with krypton chloride (KrCl) gas principally emits 222-nm UVC. However, the lamp also emits a wide band of wavelengths other than 222 nm, especially UVC at a longer wavelength than 222 nm and ultraviolet B, which cause DNA damage. There are some reports on the critical role of bandpass filters in reducing the harmful effect of UVC emitted from a KrCl excimer lamp in a human skin model and human subjects. However, the effectiveness of a bandpass filter has not been demonstrated in animal experiments. In the present study, mice were irradiated with UVC emitted from a KrCl excimer lamp with or without a bandpass filter. UVC emitted from an unfiltered KrCl lamp at doses of 50, 150 and 300 mJ/cm2 induced cyclobutyl pyrimidine dimer (CPD)-positive cells, whereas UVC emitted from a filtered lamp did not significantly increase CPD-positive cells in the epidermis. The present study suggested that the bandpass filter serves a critical role in reducing the harmful effect of emission outside of 222 nm to mouse keratinocytes.
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33
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Ortiz-Lopez LI, Choudhary V, Bollag WB. Updated Perspectives on Keratinocytes and Psoriasis: Keratinocytes are More Than Innocent Bystanders. PSORIASIS (AUCKLAND, N.Z.) 2022; 12:73-87. [PMID: 35529056 PMCID: PMC9075909 DOI: 10.2147/ptt.s327310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a complex disease triggered by genetic, immunologic, and environmental stimuli. Many genes have been linked to psoriasis, like the psoriasis susceptibility genes, some of which are critical in keratinocyte biology and epidermal barrier function. Still, the exact pathogenesis of psoriasis is unknown. In the disease, the balance between the proliferative and differentiative processes of keratinocytes becomes altered. Multiple studies have highlighted the role of dysregulated immune cells in provoking the inflammatory responses seen in psoriasis. In addition to immune cells, accumulating evidence shows that keratinocytes are involved in psoriasis pathogenesis, as discussed in this review. Although certain immune cell-derived factors stimulate keratinocyte hyperproliferation, activated keratinocytes can also produce anti-microbial peptides, cytokines, and chemokines that can promote their proliferation, as well as recruit immune cells to help initiate and reinforce inflammatory feedback loops. Psoriatic keratinocytes also show intrinsic differences from normal keratinocytes even after removal from the in vivo inflammatory environment; thus, psoriatic keratinocytes have been found to exhibit abnormal calcium metabolism and possible epigenetic changes that contribute to psoriasis. The Koebner phenomenon, in which injury promotes the development of psoriatic lesions, also provides evidence for keratinocytes' contributions to disease pathogenesis. Furthermore, transgenic mouse studies have confirmed the importance of keratinocytes in the etiology of psoriasis. Finally, in addition to immune cells and keratinocytes, data in the literature support roles for other cell types, tissues, and systems in psoriasis development. These other contributors are all potential targets for therapies, suggesting the importance of a holistic approach when treating psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura I Ortiz-Lopez
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Vivek Choudhary
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, 30904, USA
| | - Wendy B Bollag
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, 30904, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
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34
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Mouse Models of Psoriasis: A Comprehensive Review. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 142:884-897. [PMID: 34953514 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The use of preclinical animal models of psoriasis has significantly increased over the last three decades, with each model having unique strengths and limitations. Some models translate better to human disease, and many have provided unique insight into psoriasis disease pathogenesis. In this comprehensive review, we present a comparative description and discussion of genetic mouse models, xenograft approaches, and elicited methods using cytokine injections into and topical imiquimod onto mice. We provide an inclusive list of genetically modified animals that have had imiquimod applied to or cytokines injected into their skin and describe the outcomes of these manipulations. This review will provide a valuable resource for those interested in working with psoriasis animal models.
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35
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Shangguan Y, Chen Y, Ma Y, Zhao Y, He Y, Li W. Salubrinal protects against inflammatory response in macrophage and attenuates psoriasiform skin inflammation by antagonizing NF-κB signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 589:63-70. [PMID: 34891043 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.11.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasiform skin inflammation is the common chronic skin inflammatory disease with no effective clinical therapy. Salubrinal is a multifunctional molecule playing a protective role in several conditions. Recently, studies have reported that Salubrinal is a potential therapeutic agent for inflammatory diseases. However, the protective role of Salubrinal in psoriasis-like skin inflammation remains unknown. In this article, imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis models were established in wild-type mice to explore the role of Salubrinal in the development of psoriasis. As a result, the IMQ-induced mouse models exhibited typical skin inflammation, which was alleviated by the administration of Salubrinal. Furthermore, RAW264.7 macrophage was stimulated with Lipopolysaccharide(LPS) in the presence or absence of Salubrinal. LPS stimulation elevated the expression of various inflammatory biomarkers, while the administration of Salubrinal abolished the function of LPS in RAW264.7 macrophages. In addition, the activation of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway in both the LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage and psoriasis mouse models was antagonized by the administration of Salubrinal. Collectively, Salubrinal might be considered as a promising therapeutic agent for psoriasis-like skin inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangtao Shangguan
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China; Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China
| | - Yongkun Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, The Fourth People's Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250031, PR China
| | - Yihui Ma
- Department of Pathology, Heze Mudan People's Hospital (Heze Central Hospital), Heze, Shandong, 274000, PR China
| | - Yunpeng Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China
| | - Yeteng He
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, PR China.
| | - Weiwei Li
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China.
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36
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Tan Y, Tey HL, Chong SZ, Ng LG. Skin-ny deeping: Uncovering immune cell behavior and function through imaging techniques. Immunol Rev 2021; 306:271-292. [PMID: 34859448 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
As the largest organ of the body, the skin is a key barrier tissue with specialized structures where ongoing immune surveillance is critical for protecting the body from external insults. The innate immune system acts as first-responders in a coordinated manner to react to injury or infections, and recent developments in intravital imaging techniques have made it possible to delineate dynamic immune cell responses in a spatiotemporal manner. We review here key studies involved in understanding neutrophil, dendritic cell and macrophage behavior in skin and further discuss how this knowledge collectively highlights the importance of interactions and cellular functions in a systems biology manner. Furthermore, we will review emerging imaging technologies such as high-content proteomic screening, spatial transcriptomics and three-dimensional volumetric imaging and how these techniques can be integrated to provide a systems overview of the immune system that will further our current knowledge and lead to potential exciting discoveries in the upcoming decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingrou Tan
- Singapore Immunology Network, Singapore, Singapore.,National Skin Centre, National Healthcare Group, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hong Liang Tey
- National Skin Centre, National Healthcare Group, Singapore, Singapore.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Lai Guan Ng
- Singapore Immunology Network, Singapore, Singapore.,National Skin Centre, National Healthcare Group, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore.,School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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37
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Meinke MC, Busch L, Lohan SB. Wavelength, dose, skin type and skin model related radical formation in skin. Biophys Rev 2021; 13:1091-1100. [PMID: 35047091 PMCID: PMC8724488 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-021-00863-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The exposure to sun radiation is indispensable to our health; however, a long-term and high exposure could lead to cell damage, erythema, premature skin aging, and promotion of skin tumors. An underlying pathomechanism is the formation of free radicals which may induce oxidative stress at elevated concentrations. Different skin models, such as porcine-, murine-, human- ex vivo skin, reconstructed human skin (RHS) and human skin in vivo, were investigated during and after irradiation using X- and L-band EPR spectroscopy within different spectral regions (UVC to NIR). The amount of radical formation was quantified with the spin probe PCA and the radical types were measured ex vivo with the spin trap DMPO. The radiation dose influences the types of radicals formed in the skin. While reactive oxygen species (ROS) are always pronounced at low doses, there is an increase in lipid oxygen species (LOS) at high doses. Furthermore, the radical types arise independent from the irradiation wavelength, whereas the general amount of radical formation differs with the irradiation wavelength. Heat pre-stressed porcine skin already starts with higher LOS values. Thus, the radical type ratio might be an indicator of stress and the reversal of ROS/LOS constitutes the point where positive stress turns into negative stress.Compared to light skin types, darker types produce less radicals in the ultraviolet, similar amounts in the visible and higher ones in the infrared spectral region, rendering skin type-specific sun protection a necessity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. C. Meinke
- Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - L. Busch
- Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - S. B. Lohan
- Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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38
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Wagner M, Koyasu S. Innate Lymphoid Cells in Skin Homeostasis and Malignancy. Front Immunol 2021; 12:758522. [PMID: 34691082 PMCID: PMC8531516 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.758522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are mostly tissue resident lymphocytes that are preferentially enriched in barrier tissues such as the skin. Although they lack the expression of somatically rearranged antigen receptors present on T and B cells, ILCs partake in multiple immune pathways by regulating tissue inflammation and potentiating adaptive immunity. Emerging evidence indicates that ILCs play a critical role in the control of melanoma, a type of skin malignancy thought to trigger immunity mediated mainly by adaptive immune responses. Here, we compile our current understanding of ILCs with regard to their role as the first line of defence against melanoma development and progression. We also discuss areas that merit further investigation. We envisage that the possibility to harness therapeutic potential of ILCs might benefit patients suffering from skin malignancies such as melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Wagner
- Laboratory for Immune Cell Systems, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Shigeo Koyasu
- Laboratory for Immune Cell Systems, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
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Vinardell MP. Methodological shortcomings in the reports of the imiquimod psoriatic model. Exp Dermatol 2021; 31:299-303. [PMID: 34679223 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease affecting about 2-3% of the worldwide population. More of the knowledge of psoriasis is due to the in vitro and in vivo models tried to reproduce the disease and to know the mechanisms of pathogenesis, as well as to develop new therapies. One of the more simple, cheap and more used models is the imiquimod model based on the application of imiquimod in the depilated skin of mice. Several studies describing the methodology employed to develop an animal disease model does not present all the details about the model more especially related to the use of one sex or another and other methodological aspects that are relevant for researchers and to consider the accuracy of the study. In this review, we have selected 100 papers published in the last five years using the imiquimod psoriatic model recording different data such as animal, strain, sex, dose of imiquimod, area of administration, housing information, anaesthesia/euthanasia information, number of animals per group and control details among others. Our results revealed several methodological shortcomings in the models of imiquimod to study psoriasis namely sex bias and discrepancies in dose applied or time of imiquimod application among others. As long as these discrepancies exist in animal methodologies, there will be a poor translation from animal studies to clinical applications in dermatology and in other areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pilar Vinardell
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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40
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Tsai YF, Chen CY, Lin IW, Leu YL, Yang SC, Syu YT, Chen PJ, Hwang TL. Imperatorin Alleviates Psoriasiform Dermatitis by Blocking Neutrophil Respiratory Burst, Adhesion, and Chemotaxis Through Selective Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibition. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 35:885-903. [PMID: 33107318 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Aim: Neutrophil infiltration and increased oxidative stress are involved in the pathogenesis and severity of psoriasis. Although the therapy of psoriasis remains elusive, targeting treatment to reduce oxidative stress is considered a potential option. Our study demonstrates the anti-inflammatory effects of a natural furocoumarin, imperatorin, on activated human neutrophils and psoriasiform dermatitis in mice. Results: Imperatorin inhibited superoxide anion generation, neutrophil adhesion, and migration in N-formyl-l-methionyl-l-leucyl-l-phenylalanine (fMLF)-stimulated human neutrophils. Further studies showed that imperatorin induced a decrease in cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase (PDE) activity, and increased intracellular cAMP levels and protein kinase A (PKA) activity in human neutrophils. The enzyme activities of PDE4 subtypes, but not PDE3 and PDE7, were inhibited by imperatorin. Furthermore, imperatorin inhibited the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt), extracellular regulated kinase (ERK), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), as well as Ca2+ mobilization in fMLF-stimulated neutrophils. These suppressive effects of imperatorin on cell responses and signaling were reversed by PKA inhibitor, suggesting that cAMP/PKA is involved in the anti-inflammatory effects of imperatorin. In vivo studies of imiquimod- and interleukin-23-induced mouse psoriasiform dermatitis demonstrated that imperatorin alleviated skin desquamation, epidermal thickening, keratinocyte hyperproliferation, and neutrophil infiltration. Innovation and Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that imperatorin inhibits human neutrophil respiratory burst, adhesion, and migration through the elevation of cAMP/PKA to inhibit Akt, ERK, JNK, and Ca2+ mobilization. Imperatorin is a natural inhibitor of PDE4A/B/C and may serve as a lead for developing new therapeutics to treat neutrophilic psoriasis. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 35, 885-903.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Fong Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Anesthesiology, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, China
| | - Chun-Yu Chen
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - I-Wen Lin
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yann-Lii Leu
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Chinese Herbal Medicine Research Team, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Chin Yang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Syu
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jen Chen
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Providence University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsong-Long Hwang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Chinese Herbal Medicine Research Team, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, and Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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41
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Cutaneous innervation in impaired diabetic wound healing. Transl Res 2021; 236:87-108. [PMID: 34029747 PMCID: PMC8380642 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is associated with several potential comorbidities, among them impaired wound healing, chronic ulcerations, and the requirement for lower extremity amputation. Disease-associated abnormal cellular responses, infection, immunological and microvascular dysfunction, and peripheral neuropathy are implicated in the pathogenesis of the wound healing impairment and the diabetic foot ulcer. The skin houses a dense network of sensory nerve afferents and nerve-derived modulators, which communicate with epidermal keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts bidirectionally to effect normal wound healing after trauma. However, the mechanisms through which cutaneous innervation modulates wound healing are poorly understood, especially in humans. Better understanding of these mechanisms may provide the basis for targeted treatments for chronic diabetic wounds. This review provides an overview of wound healing pathophysiology with a focus on neural involvement in normal and diabetic wound healing, as well as future therapeutic perspectives to address the unmet needs of diabetic patients with chronic wounds.
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42
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Yan D, Gudjonsson JE, Le S, Maverakis E, Plazyo O, Ritchlin C, Scher JU, Singh R, Ward NL, Bell S, Liao W. New Frontiers in Psoriatic Disease Research, Part I: Genetics, Environmental Triggers, Immunology, Pathophysiology, and Precision Medicine. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 141:2112-2122.e3. [PMID: 34303522 PMCID: PMC8384663 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.02.764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory condition characterized by systemic immune dysregulation. Over the past several years, advances in genetics, microbiology, immunology, and mouse models have revealed the complex interplay between the heritable and microenvironmental factors that drive the development of psoriatic inflammation. In the first of this two-part review series, the authors will discuss the newest insights into the pathogenesis of psoriatic disease and highlight how the evolution of these scientific fields has paved the way for a more personalized approach to psoriatic disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Yan
- Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Stephanie Le
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Emanual Maverakis
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Olesya Plazyo
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Christopher Ritchlin
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Jose U Scher
- Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Roopesh Singh
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Nicole L Ward
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Stacie Bell
- National Psoriasis Foundation, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Wilson Liao
- UCSF Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
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43
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Konger RL, Derr-Yellin E, Zimmers TA, Katona T, Xuei X, Liu Y, Zhou HM, Simpson ER, Turner MJ. Epidermal PPARγ Is a Key Homeostatic Regulator of Cutaneous Inflammation and Barrier Function in Mouse Skin. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168634. [PMID: 34445339 PMCID: PMC8395473 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Both agonist studies and loss-of-function models indicate that PPARγ plays an important role in cutaneous biology. Since PPARγ has a high level of basal activity, we hypothesized that epidermal PPARγ would regulate normal homeostatic processes within the epidermis. In this current study, we performed mRNA sequencing and differential expression analysis of epidermal scrapings from knockout mice and wildtype littermates. Pparg-/-epi mice exhibited a 1.5-fold or greater change in the expression of 11.8% of 14,482 identified transcripts. Up-regulated transcripts included those for a large number of cytokines/chemokines and their receptors, as well as genes associated with inflammasome activation and keratinization. Several of the most dramatically up-regulated pro-inflammatory genes in Pparg-/-epi mouse skin included Igfl3, 2610528A11Rik, and Il1f6. RT-PCR was performed from RNA obtained from non-lesional full-thickness skin and verified a marked increase in these transcripts, as well as transcripts for Igflr1, which encodes the receptor for Igfl3, and the 2610528A11Rik receptor (Gpr15). Transcripts for Il4 were detected in Pparg-/-epi mouse skin, but transcripts for Il17 and Il22 were not detected. Down-regulated transcripts included sebaceous gland markers and a number of genes associated with lipid barrier formation. The change in these transcripts correlates with an asebia phenotype, increased transepidermal water loss, alopecia, dandruff, and the appearance of spontaneous inflammatory skin lesions. Histologically, non-lesional skin showed hyperkeratosis, while inflammatory lesions were characterized by dermal inflammation and epidermal acanthosis, spongiosis, and parakeratosis. In conclusion, loss of epidermal Pparg alters a substantial set of genes that are associated with cutaneous inflammation, keratinization, and sebaceous gland function. The data indicate that epidermal PPARγ plays an important role in homeostatic epidermal function, particularly epidermal differentiation, barrier function, sebaceous gland development and function, and inflammatory signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond L. Konger
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (E.D.-Y.); (T.K.)
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- The Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (T.A.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-317-274-4154
| | - Ethel Derr-Yellin
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (E.D.-Y.); (T.K.)
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Teresa A. Zimmers
- The Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (T.A.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Terrence Katona
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (E.D.-Y.); (T.K.)
| | - Xiaoling Xuei
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Center for Medical Genomics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Yunlong Liu
- The Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (T.A.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Center for Medical Genomics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Hong-Ming Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (H.-M.Z.); (M.J.T.)
| | - Ed Ronald Simpson
- Center for Medical Genomics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
- Department of Dermatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (H.-M.Z.); (M.J.T.)
- Department of BioHealth Informatics, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Matthew J. Turner
- Department of Dermatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (H.-M.Z.); (M.J.T.)
- Department of Dermatology, Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Conti P, Pregliasco FE, Bellomo RG, Gallenga CE, Caraffa A, Kritas SK, Lauritano D, Ronconi G. Mast Cell Cytokines IL-1, IL-33, and IL-36 Mediate Skin Inflammation in Psoriasis: A Novel Therapeutic Approach with the Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines IL-37, IL-38, and IL-1Ra. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158076. [PMID: 34360845 PMCID: PMC8348737 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis (PS) is a skin disease with autoimmune features mediated by immune cells, which typically presents inflammatory erythematous plaques, and is associated with many comorbidities. PS exhibits excessive keratinocyte proliferation, and a high number of immune cells, including macrophages, neutrophils, Th1 and Th17 lymphocytes, and mast cells (MCs). MCs are of hematopoietic origin, derived from bone marrow cells, which migrate, mature, and reside in vascularized tissues. They can be activated by antigen-provoking overexpression of proinflammatory cytokines, and release a number of mediators including interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-33. IL-1, released by activated keratinocytes and MCs, stimulates skin macrophages to release IL-36—a powerful proinflammatory IL-1 family member. IL-36 mediates both innate and adaptive immunity, including chronic proinflammatory diseases such as psoriasis. Suppression of IL-36 could result in a dramatic improvement in the treatment of psoriasis. IL-36 is inhibited by IL-36Ra, which binds to IL-36 receptor ligands, but suppression can also occur by binding IL-38 to the IL-36 receptor (IL-36R). IL-38 specifically binds only to IL-36R, and inhibits human mononuclear cells stimulated with IL-36 in vitro, sharing the effect with IL-36Ra. Here, we report that inflammation in psoriasis is mediated by IL-1 generated by MCs—a process that activates macrophages to secrete proinflammatory IL-36 inhibited by IL-38. IL-37 belongs to the IL-1 family, and broadly suppresses innate inflammation via IL-1 inhibition. IL-37, in murine models of inflammatory arthritis, causes the suppression of joint inflammation through the inhibition of IL-1. Therefore, it is pertinent to think that IL-37 can play an inhibitory role in inflammatory psoriasis. In this article, we confirm that IL-38 and IL-37 cytokines emerge as inhibitors of inflammation in psoriasis, and hold promise as an innovative therapeutic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pio Conti
- Postgraduate Medical School, University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0871-574136
| | | | - Rosa G. Bellomo
- Facoltà di Scienze dell’Educazione Motoria, Università “Carlo Bo”, 61029 Urbino, Italy;
| | - Carla E. Gallenga
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Specialist Surgery, University of Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy;
| | | | - Spyros K. Kritas
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54250 Macedonia, Greece;
| | - Dorina Lauritano
- Medicine and Surgery Centre of Neuroscience of Milan, University of Milan-Bicocca, 20100 Milano, Italy;
| | - Gianpaolo Ronconi
- Clinica dei Pazienti del Territorio, Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli, 00168 Rome, Italy;
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45
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Ohn J, Jang M, Kang BM, Yang H, Hong JT, Kim KH, Kwon O, Jung H. Dissolving Candlelit Microneedle for Chronic Inflammatory Skin Diseases. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2004873. [PMID: 34306973 PMCID: PMC8292898 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202004873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory skin diseases (CISDs) negatively impact a large number of patients. Injection of triamcinolone acetonide (TA), an anti-inflammatory steroid drug, directly into the dermis of diseased skin using needle-syringe systems is a long-established procedure for treating recalcitrant lichenified lesions of CISDs, referred to as TA intralesional injection (TAILI). However, TAILI causes severe pain, causing patients to be stressed and reluctant to undergo treatment. Furthermore, the practitioner dependency on the amount and depth of the injected TA makes it difficult to predict the prognosis. Here, candle flame ("candlelit")-shaped TA-loaded dissolving microneedles (Candlelit-DMN) are designed and fabricated out of biocompatible and biodegradable molecules. Candlelit-DMN distributes TA evenly across human skin tissue. Conjoined with the applicator, Candlelit-DMN is efficiently inserted into human skin in a standardized manner, enabling TA to be delivered within the target layer. In an in vivo skin inflammation mouse model, Candlelit-DMN inserted with the applicator effectively alleviates inflammation by suppressing inflammatory cell infiltration and cytokine gene expression, to the same extent as TAILI. This Candlelit-DMN with the applicator arouses the interest of dermatologists, who prefer it to the current TAILI procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungyoon Ohn
- Department of DermatologySeoul National University College of MedicineSeoul03080Republic of Korea
- Institute of Human‐Environment Interface Biology Medical Research CenterSeoul National UniversitySeoul03080Republic of Korea
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging and Hair Research Biomedical Research InstituteSeoul National University HospitalSeoul03080Republic of Korea
| | - Mingyu Jang
- Department of BiotechnologyYonsei University50 Yonsei‐roSeoul03722Republic of Korea
- JUVIC Inc.272 Digital‐roSeoul08389Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Mi Kang
- Department of DermatologySeoul National University College of MedicineSeoul03080Republic of Korea
- Institute of Human‐Environment Interface Biology Medical Research CenterSeoul National UniversitySeoul03080Republic of Korea
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging and Hair Research Biomedical Research InstituteSeoul National University HospitalSeoul03080Republic of Korea
| | - Huisuk Yang
- JUVIC Inc.272 Digital‐roSeoul08389Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- JUVIC Inc.272 Digital‐roSeoul08389Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Han Kim
- Department of DermatologySeoul National University College of MedicineSeoul03080Republic of Korea
- Institute of Human‐Environment Interface Biology Medical Research CenterSeoul National UniversitySeoul03080Republic of Korea
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging and Hair Research Biomedical Research InstituteSeoul National University HospitalSeoul03080Republic of Korea
| | - Ohsang Kwon
- Department of DermatologySeoul National University College of MedicineSeoul03080Republic of Korea
- Institute of Human‐Environment Interface Biology Medical Research CenterSeoul National UniversitySeoul03080Republic of Korea
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging and Hair Research Biomedical Research InstituteSeoul National University HospitalSeoul03080Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungil Jung
- Department of BiotechnologyYonsei University50 Yonsei‐roSeoul03722Republic of Korea
- JUVIC Inc.272 Digital‐roSeoul08389Republic of Korea
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Improved imiquimod-induced psoriasis like dermatitis using microneedles in mice. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 164:20-27. [PMID: 33895291 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease, in which the key features are epidermis hyperplasia, hyper-keratinization, leading to low drug absorption. As an approach of transdermal drug delivery, the microneedle (MN) has received increasing attentions for its painless penetration and efficient administration. In this study, we fabricated polylactic acid polymer MNs with hot-press method and established a psoriasis-like skin inflammation model in ear and dorsal skin of mice by topical application of imiquimod (IMQ). The dynamometer and insertion test of MNs into parafilm and skin of mice were done, revealing that the MNs have sufficient mechanical properties to insert parafilm and skin of mice. The two methods (apply calcipotriol (CAL) directly and pre-treat with MNs before applying CAL) were used to treat psoriasis and observe the skin inflammation, including skin and epidermal thickening, spleen weight gain, inflammatory cell infiltration, and expression of inflammatory cytokines of TNF-α. Both methods have a therapeutic effect and the effect of the MN pretreatment group is better. In addition, there are statistical differences between the two groups (P < 0.05). These features indicated that the MNs may be promising in future clinical applications in improving the imiquimod-induced psoriasis like dermatitis.
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Afonina IS, Van Nuffel E, Beyaert R. Immune responses and therapeutic options in psoriasis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:2709-2727. [PMID: 33386888 PMCID: PMC11072277 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03726-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the skin that affects about 2-3% of the population and greatly impairs the quality of life of affected individuals. Psoriatic skin is characterized by excessive proliferation and aberrant differentiation of keratinocytes, as well as redness caused by increased dilation of the dermal blood vessels and infiltration of immune cells. Although the pathogenesis of psoriasis has not yet been completely elucidated, it is generally believed to arise from a complex interplay between hyperproliferating keratinocytes and infiltrating, activated immune cells. So far, the exact triggers that elicit this disease are still enigmatic, yet, it is clear that genetic predisposition significantly contributes to the development of psoriasis. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of important cellular and molecular mechanisms driving the initiation and amplification stages of psoriasis development, with a particular focus on cytokines and emerging evidence illustrating keratinocyte-intrinsic defects as key drivers of inflammation. We also discuss mouse models that have contributed to a better understanding of psoriasis pathogenesis and the preclinical development of novel therapeutics, including monoclonal antibodies against specific cytokines or cytokine receptors that have revolutionized the treatment of psoriasis. Future perspectives that may have the potential to push basic research and open up new avenues for therapeutic intervention are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inna S Afonina
- Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University - VIB, Technologiepark 71, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department for Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Elien Van Nuffel
- Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University - VIB, Technologiepark 71, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department for Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rudi Beyaert
- Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University - VIB, Technologiepark 71, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.
- Department for Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.
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Schleicher K, Schramek D. AJUBA: A regulator of epidermal homeostasis and cancer. Exp Dermatol 2021; 30:546-559. [PMID: 33372298 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The epidermis, outermost layer of the skin, is constantly renewing itself through proliferative and differentiation processes. These processes are vital to maintain proper epidermal integrity during skin development and homeostasis and for preventing skin diseases and cancers. The biological mechanisms that permit this balancing act are vast, where individual pathway regulators are known, but the exact regulatory control and cross-talk between simultaneously turning one biological pathway on and an opposing one off remain elusive. This review explores the diverse roles the scaffolding protein AJUBA plays during epidermal homeostasis and cancer. Initially identified for its role in promoting meiotic progression in oocytes through Grb2 and MAP kinase activity, AJUBA also maintains cytoskeletal tension permitting epidermal tissue development and responds to retinoic acid committing cells to initiate development of surface epidermal layer. AJUBA regulates proliferation of skin stem cells through Hippo and Wnt signalling and encourages mitotic commitment through Aurora-A, Aurora-B and CDK1. In addition, AJUBA also induces epidermal differentiation to maintain appropriate epidermal thickness and barrier function by activating Notch signalling and stabilizing catenins and actin during cellular remodelling. AJUBA also plays an imperative context-dependent tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressive role within epithelial cancers. AJUBA's abundant roles within the epidermis signify its importance as a molecular switchboard, vetting multiple signalling pathways to control epidermal biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krista Schleicher
- Molecular, Structural and Systems Biology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel Schramek
- Molecular, Structural and Systems Biology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Muller Q, Berthod F, Flacher V. [Tridimensional in vitro models of nervous and immune systems in the skin]. Med Sci (Paris) 2021; 37:68-76. [PMID: 33492221 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2020260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system and the sensory nervous system are responsible for perceiving danger under distinct yet complementary forms. In the last few years, neuroimmune interactions have become an important topic of dermatological research for conditions including wound healing, atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. We present here a selection of tridimensional in vitro models that reproduce skin structure and integrate an immune or a sensory function. Future evolutions of such models are expected to greatly contribute in a better understanding of reciprocal influences between sensory nervous system and immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Muller
- Laboratoire CNRS UPR3572 / I2CT Immunologie, immunopathologie et chimie thérapeutique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut de biologie moléculaire et cellulaire, 2 allée Konrad Roentgen, 67084 Strasbourg, France - Centre LOEX de l'Université Laval ; Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval et Département de chirurgie, Faculté de médecine, 1401, 18e avenue, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada - Adresse actuelle : Laboratoire BIOTIS, Inserm U1026, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - François Berthod
- Centre LOEX de l'Université Laval ; Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval et Département de chirurgie, Faculté de médecine, 1401, 18e avenue, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Vincent Flacher
- Laboratoire CNRS UPR3572 / I2CT Immunologie, immunopathologie et chimie thérapeutique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut de biologie moléculaire et cellulaire, 2 allée Konrad Roentgen, 67084 Strasbourg, France
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50
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Tambunlertchai S, Geary SM, Salem AK. Skin Penetration Enhancement Strategies Used in the Development of Melanoma Topical Treatments. AAPS JOURNAL 2021; 23:19. [PMID: 33404992 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-020-00544-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is an aggressive form of skin cancer for which there is currently no reliable therapy and is considered one of the leading health issues in the USA. At present, surgery is the most effective and acceptable treatment; however, surgical excision can be impractical in certain circumstances. Topical skin delivery of drugs using topical formulations is a potential alternative approach which can have many advantages aside from being a non-invasive delivery route. Nevertheless, the presence of the stratum corneum (SC) limits the penetration of drugs through the skin, lowering their treatment efficacy and raising concerns among physicians and patients as to their effectiveness. Currently, research groups are trying to circumvent the SC barrier by using skin penetration enhancement (SPE) strategies. The SPE strategies investigated include chemical skin penetration enhancers (CPEs), physical skin penetration enhancers (PPEs), nanocarrier systems, and a combination of SPE strategies (cream). Of these, PPEs and cream are the most advanced approaches in terms of preclinical and clinical studies, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supreeda Tambunlertchai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, USA
| | - Sean M Geary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, USA
| | - Aliasger K Salem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, USA.
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