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Wang R, Dai X, Chen W, Wang J, Wang H, Yan X, Zhang W, Fan Q, Li L, Wang J, Meng J. Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 Plays a Crucial Role in Inflammation and Itch in Allergic Contact Dermatitis by Regulating Toll-Like Receptor 2/1 Signaling. J Invest Dermatol 2024; 144:1893-1897.e6. [PMID: 38296022 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhen Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Henan, China
| | - Xiaolong Dai
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Henan, China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Henan, China
| | - Jinhai Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Henan, China
| | - Haoran Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Henan, China
| | - Xinrong Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Henan, China
| | - Wenhao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Henan, China
| | - Qianqian Fan
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Henan, China
| | - Lianlian Li
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Henan, China
| | - Jiafu Wang
- School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Health, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jianghui Meng
- School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Health, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland.
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2
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Migayron L, Bordes S, Closs B, Seneschal J, Boniface K. Type-2 immunity associated with type-1 related skin inflammatory diseases: friend or foe? Front Immunol 2024; 15:1405215. [PMID: 38868763 PMCID: PMC11167106 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1405215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory skin diseases are multifactorial diseases that combine genetic predisposition, environmental triggers, and metabolic disturbances associated with abnormal immune responses. From an immunological perspective, the better understanding of their physiopathology has demonstrated a large complex network of immune cell subsets and related cytokines that interact with both epidermal and dermal cells. For example, in type-1-associated diseases such as alopecia areata, vitiligo, and localized scleroderma, recent evidence suggests the presence of a type-2 inflammation that is well known in atopic dermatitis. Whether this type-2 immune response has a protective or detrimental impact on the development and chronicity of these diseases remains to be fully elucidated, highlighting the need to better understand its involvement for the management of patients. This mini-review explores recent insights regarding the potential role of type-2-related immunity in alopecia areata, vitiligo, and localized scleroderma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Migayron
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Immuno ConcEpT, UMR 5164, Bordeaux, France
- R&D Department, SILAB, Brive-la-Gaillarde, France
| | | | | | - Julien Seneschal
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Immuno ConcEpT, UMR 5164, Bordeaux, France
- CHU de Bordeaux, Dermatology and Pediatric Dermatology, National Reference Center for Rare Skin Disorders, Hôpital Saint-André, UMR 5164, Bordeaux, France
| | - Katia Boniface
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Immuno ConcEpT, UMR 5164, Bordeaux, France
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3
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Hacini-Rachinel F, Hauchard A, Bruno S, Paulat G, Cojean C, Loesle P, Schneider MA, Bourne M, Elain G, Roth L, Urban B, Viebrock S, Leon AO, Röhn TA, Loesche C, Werfel T, Thoma G, Zerwes HG. Modelling atopic dermatitis in healthy human skin for the characterization of topical compounds. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e15099. [PMID: 38794814 DOI: 10.1111/exd.15099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Suitable human models for the development and characterization of topical compounds for inflammatory skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis are not readily available to date. We describe here the development of a translational model involving healthy human skin mimicking major aspects of AD and its application for the characterization of topical Janus kinase inhibitors. Full thickness human abdominal skin obtained from plastic surgery stimulated in vitro with IL4 and IL13 shows molecular features of AD. This is evidenced by STAT6 phosphorylation assessed by immunohistochemistry and analysis of skin lysates. Broad transcriptome changes assessed by AmpliSeq followed by gene set variation analysis showed a consistent upregulation of gene signatures characterizing AD in this model. Topical application of experimental formulations of compounds targeting the JAK pathway to full thickness skin normalizes the molecular features of AD induced by IL4 and IL13 stimulation. The inhibitory effects of topical JAK inhibitors on molecular features of AD are supported by pharmacokinetic analysis. The model described here is suited for the characterization of topical compounds for AD and has the potential to be extended to other inflammatory skin diseases and pathophysiological pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alice Hauchard
- BioMedical Research, Immunology Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sandro Bruno
- BioMedical Research, Immunology Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Guido Paulat
- BioMedical Research, Immunology Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Celine Cojean
- BioMedical Research, Immunology Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Perrine Loesle
- BioMedical Research, Immunology Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Marta Bourne
- BioMedical Research, Immunology Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gaelle Elain
- BioMedical Research, Immunology Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Roth
- BioMedical Research, Immunology Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Beatrice Urban
- BioMedical Research, Immunology Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Viebrock
- BioMedical Research, Immunology Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Till A Röhn
- BioMedical Research, Immunology Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Loesche
- BioMedical Research, Immunology Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Werfel
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Gebhard Thoma
- BioMedical Research, Global Discovery Chemistry Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
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Yamamura Y, Nakashima C, Otsuka A. Interplay of cytokines in the pathophysiology of atopic dermatitis: insights from Murin models and human. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1342176. [PMID: 38590314 PMCID: PMC10999685 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1342176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD) is understood to be crucially influenced by three main factors: dysregulation of the immune response, barrier dysfunction, and pruritus. In the lesional skin of AD, various innate immune cells, including Th2 cells, type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), and basophils, produce Th2 cytokines [interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-31]. Alarmins such as TSLP, IL-25, and IL-33 are also produced by epidermal keratinocytes, amplifying type 2 inflammation. In the chronic phase, not only Th2 cells but also Th22 and Th17 cells increase in number, leading to suppression of filaggrin expression by IL-4, IL-13, and IL-22, which further deteriorates the epidermal barrier function. Dupilumab, which targets IL-4 and IL-13, has shown efficacy in treating moderate to severe AD. Nemolizumab, targeting IL-31RA, effectively reduces pruritus in AD patients. In addition, clinical trials with fezakinumab, targeting IL-22, have demonstrated promising results, particularly in severe AD cases. Conversely, in murine models of AD, several cytokines, initially regarded as promising therapeutic targets, have not demonstrated sufficient efficacy in clinical trials. IL-33 has been identified as a potent activator of immune cells, exacerbating AD in murine models and correlating with disease severity in human patients. However, treatments targeting IL-33 have not shown sufficient efficacy in clinical trials. Similarly, thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), integral to type 2 immune responses, induces dermatitis in animal models and is elevated in human AD, yet clinical treatments like tezepelumab exhibit limited efficacy. Therapies targeting IL-1α, IL-5, and IL-17 also failed to achieve sufficient efficacy in clinical trials. It has become clear that for treating AD, IL-4, IL-13, and IL-31 are relevant therapeutic targets during the acute phase, while IL-22 emerges as a target in more severe cases. This delineation underscores the necessity of considering distinct pathophysiological aspects and therapeutic targets in AD between mouse models and humans. Consequently, this review delineates the distinct roles of cytokines in the pathogenesis of AD, juxtaposing their significance in human AD from clinical trials against insights gleaned from AD mouse models. This approach will improve our understanding of interspecies variation and facilitate a deeper insight into the pathogenesis of AD in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chisa Nakashima
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
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Marrapodi R, Bellei B. The Keratinocyte in the Picture Cutaneous Melanoma Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:913. [PMID: 38473275 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16050913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanoma progression is a multistep evolution from a common melanocytic nevus through a radial superficial growth phase, the invasive vertical growth phase finally leading to metastatic dissemination into distant organs. Melanoma aggressiveness largely depends on the propensity to metastasize, which means the capacity to escape from the physiological microenvironment since tissue damage due to primary melanoma lesions is generally modest. Physiologically, epidermal melanocytes are attached to the basement membrane, and their adhesion/migration is under the control of surrounding keratinocytes. Thus, the epidermal compartment represents the first microenvironment responsible for melanoma spread. This complex process involves cell-cell contact and a broad range of secreted bioactive molecules. Invasion, or at the beginning of the microinvasion, implies the breakdown of the dermo-epidermal basement membrane followed by the migration of neoplastic melanocytic cells in the superficial papillary dermis. Correspondingly, several experimental evidences documented the structural and functional rearrangement of the entire tissue surrounding neoplasm that in some way reflects the atypia of tumor cells. Lastly, the microenvironment must support the proliferation and survival of melanocytes outside the normal epidermal-melanin units. This task presumably is mostly delegated to fibroblasts and ultimately to the self-autonomous capacity of melanoma cells. This review will discuss remodeling that occurs in the epidermis during melanoma formation as well as skin changes that occur independently of melanocytic hyperproliferation having possible pro-tumoral features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona Marrapodi
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Bellei
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
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Majewska A, Gajewska M, Dembele K. Effect of Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy on Transcriptomic Changes in Canine Atopic Dermatitis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11616. [PMID: 37511372 PMCID: PMC10380577 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Canine atopic dermatitis (cAD) is a genetic, chronic, and recurrent inflammatory and pruritic skin disorder. Allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) is presently recognized as the only clinically effective disease-modifying treatment for allergies. The aim of our study was to analyze the changes in gene expression observed in the peripheral blood nuclear cells of cAD patients subjected to ASIT. Blood samples designated for transcriptomic analyses were collected from AD dogs twice, before and six months after ASIT, and also from healthy dogs. Statistical analysis revealed 521 differentially expressed transcripts, among which 241 transcripts represented genes with well-described functions. Based on the available literature, we chose nine differentially expressed genes (RARRES2, DPP10, SLPI, PLSCR4, MMP9, NTSR1, CBD103, DEFB122, and IL36G) which may be important in the context of the dysregulated immune response observed in cAD patients. The expressions of five out of the nine described genes (DPP10, PLSCR4, NTSR1, DEFB122, and IL36G) changed after the application of ASIT. The expressions of three of these genes returned to the level observed in the healthy control group. The genes listed above need further investigation to determine details of their role in the molecular mechanism of immune tolerance induction in response to allergen-specific immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Majewska
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Gajewska
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kourou Dembele
- Department of Small Animal Diseases and Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
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7
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Jwo JY, Chang YT, Huang YC. Effects of probiotics supplementation on skin photoaging and skin barrier function: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PHOTODERMATOLOGY, PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2023; 39:122-131. [PMID: 36583287 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation is one of the major causes of skin aging. To date, there remains limited evidence on using oral probiotics for skin anti-photoaging. OBJECTIVES This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to assess the effects of probiotics on skin photoaging. METHODS We searched the PubMed and Embase databases for studies published until August 31, 2021, and included randomized controlled trials, murine randomized controlled experiments, and in vitro studies. Skin barrier function was compared between UV irradiated probiotics and controls. RESULTS After given oral probiotics supplements, a significant reduction was shown in all types of measured MMPs in both murine and in vitro studies. Oral probiotics supplementation significantly reversed UV-induced increase of epidermal thickness (standardized mean differences [SMD] = -1.76; 95% confidence interval [CI] = -3.04 to -0.49; p = .007; I2 = 81%), UV-induced increase trans-epidermal water loss (SMD = -1.72; 95% CI = -2.76 to -0.67; p = .001; I2 = 57%), and UV-induced skin dehydration (SMD = 1.85; 95% CI = 1.16 to 2.55; p < .00001; I2 = 4%). CONCLUSIONS Probiotics are effective against skin photoaging in terms of MMP pathways and reversing skin barrier function from murine randomized data. Further randomized controlled trials on humans are required to warrant these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhen-Yu Jwo
- Department of Medical Education, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ting Chang
- Department of Medical Education, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Research center of big data and meta-analysis, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Ahmad MZ, Mohammed AA, Algahtani MS, Mishra A, Ahmad J. Nanoscale Topical Pharmacotherapy in Management of Psoriasis: Contemporary Research and Scope. J Funct Biomater 2022; 14:jfb14010019. [PMID: 36662067 PMCID: PMC9867016 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a typical dermal condition that has been anticipated since prehistoric times when it was mistakenly implicit in being a variant of leprosy. It is an atypical organ-specific autoimmune disorder, which is triggered by the activation of T-cells and/or B-cells. Until now, the pathophysiology of this disease is not completely explicated and still, many research investigations are ongoing. Different approaches have been investigated to treat this dreadful skin disease using various anti-psoriatic drugs of different modes of action through smart drug-delivery systems. Nevertheless, there is no ideal therapy for a complete cure of psoriasis owing to the dearth of an ideal drug-delivery system for anti-psoriatic drugs. The conventional pharmacotherapy approaches for the treatment of psoriasis demand various classes of anti-psoriatic drugs with optimum benefit/risk ratio and insignificant untoward effects. The advancement in nanoscale drug delivery had a great impact on the establishment of a nanomedicine-based therapy for better management of psoriasis in recent times. Nanodrug carriers are exploited to design and develop nanomedicine-based therapy for psoriasis. It has a promising future in the improvement of the therapeutic efficacy of conventional anti-psoriatic drugs. The present manuscript aims to discuss the pathophysiology, conventional pharmacotherapy, and contemporary research in the area of nanoscale topical drug delivery systems for better management of psoriasis including the significance of targeted pharmacotherapy in psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zaki Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 11001, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Aleem Mohammed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 11001, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S. Algahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 11001, Saudi Arabia
| | - Awanish Mishra
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati 781101, Assam, India
| | - Javed Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 11001, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: or
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The IL-4/-13 Axis and Its Blocking in the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11195633. [PMID: 36233501 PMCID: PMC9570949 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11195633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin disease with a complex pathophysiology, intertwining immune dysregulation, epidermal barrier dysfunction, IgE sensitization, environmental factors and genetic predisposition. It has been recently identified that interleukins -4 and -13 play crucial roles in the type-2-driven inflammation that characterizes AD, contributing to its symptomatology. Novel therapeutic approaches that target Th2 cytokines and their respective pathways have been developed, aiming to optimize the treatment of AD.
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Fernández J, Jiménez C, Benadof D, Morales P, Astorga J, Cáceres F, Hernández M, Fernández A, Valenzuela F. MMP-9 Levels in the Gingival Crevicular Fluid of Chilean Rosacea Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179858. [PMID: 36077255 PMCID: PMC9455966 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease whose prevalence rates remain unknown in Chile. Laboratory benchmark testing for this disease is not useful, therefore, we aimed to evaluate the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of extracellular metalloproteinases (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 as novel rosacea biomarkers. We designed a cross-sectional study with a control group. Participants were systemically healthy adults (n = 20) and persons with rosacea (n = 18). We performed a periodontal evaluation and collected gingival crevicular fluid to measure MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels. Analysis showed mean and standard deviation of MMP-9 concentrations in the GCF for patients with rosacea was 764.52 ± 569.83 pg/mL; for healthy patients, it was 260.69 ± 170.43 pg/mL (p < 0.05). The diagnosis of rosacea was responsible for the levels of MMP-9 in the GCF (p < 0.05), as opposed to periodontitis, smoking, and age (p > 0.05). The Area under ROC for MMP-9 was 0.869 (95%, C.I: 0.719−0.956), with a sensitivity of 72.22% and specificity of 81.58% for the diagnosis of rosacea. We conclude that the quantification of MMP-9 in the GCF could be used as a biomarker of rosacea. Also, rosacea was responsible for increasing the levels of MMP-9 in the GCF independent of periodontal status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Fernández
- Centro Internacional de Estudios Clínicos, Probity Medical Research, Santiago 8420383, Chile
| | - Constanza Jiménez
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370133, Chile
| | - Dafna Benadof
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370133, Chile
| | - Paulina Morales
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370133, Chile
| | - Jessica Astorga
- Laboratory of Periodontal Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile
| | - Felipe Cáceres
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370133, Chile
| | - Marcela Hernández
- Laboratory of Periodontal Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile
| | - Alejandra Fernández
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370133, Chile
- Correspondence: (A.F.); (F.V.); Tel.: +56-2-2661-5834 (A.F.); +56-2-2978-8173 (F.V.)
| | - Fernando Valenzuela
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Av. Plaza 2501, Las Condes, Santiago 7620157, Chile
- Correspondence: (A.F.); (F.V.); Tel.: +56-2-2661-5834 (A.F.); +56-2-2978-8173 (F.V.)
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11
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Equine keratinocytes in the pathogenesis of insect bite hypersensitivity: Just another brick in the wall? PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266263. [PMID: 35913947 PMCID: PMC9342730 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Equine insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) is the most common skin disease affecting horses. It is described as an IgE-mediated, Type I hypersensitivity reaction to salivary gland proteins of Culicoides insects. Together with Th2 cells, epithelial barrier cells play an important role in development of Type I hypersensitivities. In order to elucidate the role of equine keratinocytes in development of IBH, we stimulated keratinocytes derived from IBH-affected (IBH-KER) (n = 9) and healthy horses (H-KER) (n = 9) with Culicoides recombinant allergens and extract, allergic cytokine milieu (ACM) and a Toll like receptor ligand 1/2 (TLR-1/2-L) and investigated their transcriptomes. Stimulation of keratinocytes with Culicoides allergens did not induce transcriptional changes. However, when stimulated with allergic cytokine milieu, their gene expression significantly changed. We found upregulation of genes encoding for CCL5, -11, -20, -27 and interleukins such as IL31. We also found a strong downregulation of genes such as SCEL and KRT16 involved in the formation of epithelial barrier. Following stimulation with TLR-1/2-L, keratinocytes significantly upregulated expression of genes affecting Toll like receptor and NOD-receptor signaling pathway as well as NF-kappa B signaling pathway, among others. The transcriptomes of IBH-KER and H-KER were very similar: without stimulations they only differed in one gene (CTSL); following stimulation with allergic cytokine milieu we found only 23 differentially expressed genes (e.g. CXCL10 and 11) and following stimulation with TLR-1/2-L they only differed by expression of seven genes. Our data suggests that keratinocytes contribute to the innate immune response and are able to elicit responses to different stimuli, possibly playing a role in the pathogenesis of IBH.
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12
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Integrative analysis to explore the biological association between environmental skin diseases and ambient particulate matter. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9750. [PMID: 35697899 PMCID: PMC9192598 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13001-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although numerous experimental studies have suggested a significant association between ambient particulate matter (PM) and respiratory damage, the etiological relationship between ambient PM and environmental skin diseases is not clearly understood. Here, we aimed to explore the association between PM and skin diseases through biological big data analysis. Differential gene expression profiles associated with PM and environmental skin diseases were retrieved from public genome databases. The co-expression among them was analyzed using a text-mining-based network analysis software. Activation/inhibition patterns from RNA-sequencing data performed with PM2.5-treated normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) were overlapped to select key regulators of the analyzed pathways. We explored the adverse effects of PM on the skin and attempted to elucidate their relationships using public genome data. We found that changes in upstream regulators and inflammatory signaling networks mediated by MMP-1, MMP-9, PLAU, S100A9, IL-6, and S100A8 were predicted as the key pathways underlying PM-induced skin diseases. Our integrative approach using a literature-based co-expression analysis and experimental validation not only improves the reliability of prediction but also provides assistance to clarify underlying mechanisms of ambient PM-induced dermal toxicity that can be applied to screen the relationship between other chemicals and adverse effects.
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Beck LA, Cork MJ, Amagai M, De Benedetto A, Kabashima K, Hamilton JD, Rossi AB. Type 2 Inflammation Contributes to Skin Barrier Dysfunction in Atopic Dermatitis. JID INNOVATIONS 2022; 2:100131. [PMID: 36059592 PMCID: PMC9428921 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjidi.2022.100131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin barrier dysfunction, a defining feature of atopic dermatitis (AD), arises from multiple interacting systems. In AD, skin inflammation is caused by host-environment interactions involving keratinocytes as well as tissue-resident immune cells such as type 2 innate lymphoid cells, basophils, mast cells, and T helper type 2 cells, which produce type 2 cytokines, including IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and IL-31. Type 2 inflammation broadly impacts the expression of genes relevant for barrier function, such as intracellular structural proteins, extracellular lipids, and junctional proteins, and enhances Staphylococcus aureus skin colonization. Systemic anti‒type 2 inflammation therapies may improve dysfunctional skin barrier in AD.
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Key Words
- AD, atopic dermatitis
- AMP, antimicrobial peptide
- CLDN, claudin
- FFA, free fatty acid
- ILC2, type 2 innate lymphoid cell
- Jaki, Jak inhibitor
- K, keratin
- KC, keratinocyte
- MMP, matrix metalloproteinase
- NMF, natural moisturizing factor
- PAR, protease-activated receptor
- PDE-4, phosphodiesterase-4
- SC, stratum corneum
- SG, stratum granulosum
- TCI, topical calcineurin inhibitor
- TCS, topical corticosteroid
- TEWL, transepidermal water loss
- TJ, tight junction
- TLR, toll-like receptor
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor alpha
- TYK, tyrosine kinase
- Th, T helper
- ZO, zona occludens
- hBD, human β-defensin
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A. Beck
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA,Correspondence: Lisa A. Beck, Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 697, Rochester, New York 14642, USA.
| | - Michael J. Cork
- Sheffield Dermatology Research, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease (IICD), The University of Sheffield, The Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Masayuki Amagai
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan,Laboratory for Skin Homeostasis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Anna De Benedetto
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Kenji Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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14
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Geurtzen K, López-Delgado AC, Duseja A, Kurzyukova A, Knopf F. Laser-mediated osteoblast ablation triggers a pro-osteogenic inflammatory response regulated by reactive oxygen species and glucocorticoid signaling in zebrafish. Development 2022; 149:275194. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.199803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
In zebrafish, transgenic labeling approaches, robust regenerative responses and excellent in vivo imaging conditions enable precise characterization of immune cell behavior in response to injury. Here, we monitored osteoblast-immune cell interactions in bone, a tissue which is particularly difficult to in vivo image in tetrapod species. Ablation of individual osteoblasts leads to recruitment of neutrophils and macrophages in varying numbers, depending on the extent of the initial insult, and initiates generation of cathepsin K+ osteoclasts from macrophages. Osteoblast ablation triggers the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species, which are needed for successful macrophage recruitment. Excess glucocorticoid signaling as it occurs during the stress response inhibits macrophage recruitment, maximum speed and changes the macrophage phenotype. Although osteoblast loss is compensated for within a day by contribution of committed osteoblasts, macrophages continue to populate the region. Their presence is required for osteoblasts to fill the lesion site. Our model enables visualization of bone repair after microlesions at single-cell resolution and demonstrates a pro-osteogenic function of tissue-resident macrophages in non-mammalian vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Geurtzen
- Center for Regenerative Therapies TU Dresden (CRTD), Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Center for Healthy Aging, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alejandra Cristina López-Delgado
- Center for Regenerative Therapies TU Dresden (CRTD), Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Center for Healthy Aging, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ankita Duseja
- Center for Regenerative Therapies TU Dresden (CRTD), Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Center for Healthy Aging, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Metabolic Bone Centre, Sorby Wing, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield S5 7AU, UK
| | - Anastasia Kurzyukova
- Center for Regenerative Therapies TU Dresden (CRTD), Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Center for Healthy Aging, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Biotech Research & Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Franziska Knopf
- Center for Regenerative Therapies TU Dresden (CRTD), Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Center for Healthy Aging, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
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15
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Cruz-Silva I, Nunes VA, Rydlewski M, Gozzo AJ, Praxedes-Garcia P, Ferraz Carbonel AA, Tanaka AS, Araújo MDS. Disclosing the involvement of proteases in an eczema murine animal model: Perspectives for protease inhibitor-based therapies. Biochimie 2021; 194:1-12. [PMID: 34896570 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Eczema is a skin condition characterized by itchy and inflammatory patches. The accumulation of neutrophils and the imbalance between enzymes and their inhibitors appears to be related to this condition. We proposed a neutrophil elastase (NE)-based eczema model in mice in order to verify histopathological features as well as the expression and activity of proteases and inhibitors. Mice skins were topically administered with human NE (0-2 pmol/cm2) for 24-168 h. It was observed thickening of epidermis, parakeratosis, spongiosis and leukocyte infiltration. Also, NE-treated skins presented high activity of epidermal kallikreins 5 and 7, and cathepsin B on synthetic substrates, and expression evaluated by RT-qPCR. The proteolytic activity was inhibited by soybean trypsin inhibitor, CA074 and Caesalpinia echinata kallikrein inhibitor (CeKI). The topic application of CeKI reversed eczema phenotype in NE-treated skins. Elafin expression was shown to be increased in NE-treated skins. These results suggest that the NE may trigger morphological and biochemical changes in skin similar to those observed in eczematous diseases. In addition to the establishment of this in vivo model, this work opens perspectives for the use of protease inhibitor-based drugs for the management of this skin condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilana Cruz-Silva
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Centro Universitário São Camilo, SP, Brazil
| | - Viviane Abreu Nunes
- Laboratory of Skin Physiology and Tissue Bioengineering, School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Rydlewski
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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16
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Nakajima S, Tie D, Nomura T, Kabashima K. Novel pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis from the view of cytokines in mice and humans. Cytokine 2021; 148:155664. [PMID: 34388479 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 immunity and inflammation underlie allergic skin disorders, such as atopic dermatitis (AD). In type 2 inflammation, IL-4, IL-13, and IL-5, which are signature type 2 cytokines, are mainly produced by type 2 helper T (Th2) cells and form the characteristic features of AD. Epithelial cell-derived cytokines such as IL-25, IL-33, and TSLP initiate type 2 inflammation by modulating various cells, including group 2 innate lymphoid cells. Moreover, IL-31, a newly identified type 2 cytokine produced mainly by Th2 cells, induces pruritus by acting on sensory neurons in the skin. Based on both basic and clinical findings, several biologics targeting Th2 cytokines have been developed and exhibited significant efficacy as therapeutic reagents for AD. We have summarized the roles of each cytokine (IL-4, 5, 13, 25, 31, and 33, and TSLP) in the development of type 2 inflammation, especially AD, from the view of basic studies in mice and clinical trials/observation in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeko Nakajima
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto Japan; Department of Drug Discovery for Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Duerna Tie
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto Japan
| | - Takashi Nomura
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto Japan
| | - Kenji Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto Japan; Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN) and Skin Research Institute of Singapore (SRIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.
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17
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Fang Z, Li L, Lu W, Zhao J, Zhang H, Lee YK, Chen W. Bifidobacterium affected the correlation between gut microbial composition, SCFA metabolism, and immunity in mice with DNFB-induced atopic dermatitis. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2020.100648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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18
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Cvitas I, Oberhänsli S, Leeb T, Dettwiler M, Müller E, Bruggman R, Marti EI. Investigating the epithelial barrier and immune signatures in the pathogenesis of equine insect bite hypersensitivity. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232189. [PMID: 32343720 PMCID: PMC7188278 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) is a Th-2, IgE-mediated dermatitis of horses caused by bites of insects of the genus Culicoides that has common features with human atopic dermatitis. Together with Th-2 cells, the epithelial barrier plays an important role in development of type I hypersensitivities. In order to elucidate the role of the epithelial barrier and of the skin immune response in IBH we studied the transcriptome of lesional whole skin of IBH-horses (IBH-LE; n = 9) in comparison to non-lesional skin (IBH-NL; n = 8) as well as to skin of healthy control horses (H; n = 9). To study the "baseline state" of the epithelial barrier, we investigated the transcriptome of non-lesional epidermis in IBH-horses (EPI-IBH-NL; n = 10) in comparison with healthy epidermis from controls (EPI-H; n = 9). IBH-LE skin displayed substantial transcriptomic difference compared to H. IBH-LE was characterized by a downregulation of genes involved in tight junction formation, alterations in keratins and substantial immune signature of both Th-1 and Th-2 types with particular upregulation of IL13, as well as involvement of the hypoxic pathway. IBH-NL shared a number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with IBH-LE, but was overall more similar to H skin. In the epidermis, genes involved in metabolism of epidermal lipids, pruritus development, as well as IL25, were significantly differentially expressed between EPI-IBH-NL and EPI-H. Taken together, our data suggests an impairment of the epithelial barrier in IBH-affected horses that may act as a predisposing factor for IBH development. Moreover, these new mechanisms could potentially be used as future therapeutic targets. Importantly, many transcriptional features of equine IBH skin are shared with human atopic dermatitis, confirming equine IBH as a natural model of skin allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Cvitas
- Division of Experimental Clinical Research, Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| | - Simone Oberhänsli
- Interfaculty Bioinformatics Unit and SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tosso Leeb
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Genetics, Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martina Dettwiler
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Eliane Müller
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Research, Molecular Dermatology and Stem Cell Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Remy Bruggman
- Interfaculty Bioinformatics Unit and SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Eliane Isabelle Marti
- Division of Experimental Clinical Research, Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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19
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Costa Fernandes CJD, Zambuzzi WF. Fibroblast-secreted trophic factors contribute with ECM remodeling stimulus and upmodulate osteocyte gene markers in osteoblasts. Biochimie 2019; 168:92-99. [PMID: 31676316 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2019.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
As osteogenesis is a multifactorial mechanism, we wonder whether osteoblast-induced extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling might be modulated by trophic factors released by fibroblasts in a paracrine signaling manner. To address this issue, fibroblasts were cultured for 72 h under conventional conditions when their conditioned medium was harvested and used to challenge pre-osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1 cells) for 14 days. Preliminarily, we validated the potential effect of fibroblasts in contributing to osteocyte phenotype, which specifically requires significant expression of Dentin Matrix Protein 1 (DMP1; about 10-fold changes) and Sclerostin (SOST; about 7-fold changes), both biomarkers of osteocyte. Fibroblasts also seem contributing to ECM remodeling in osteoblasts, because we detected a high level of both mRNA and enzyme activities of matrix metalloproteinase -9 (MMP-9) as well as a high level of reversion inducing cysteine rich protein with kazal motifs (RECK) transcripts (about 13-fold changes), a membrane-anchored MMP inhibitor, which seems to be a constitutive pathway in osteoblasts. Considering inflammatory panorama and using RTqPCR technology, both IL-13 (about 13-fold changes) and IL-33 (about 5-fold changes) genes were up-expressed in response to the fibroblast-secreted trophic factors, as were the receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL; about 8-fold changes) and osteoprotegerin (OPG; about 3-fold changes). Although preliminary, these data suggest a stimulus to finely control osteoclastogenesis, and this mechanism reinforces the role of fibroblasts in bone remodeling and homeostasis. Moreover, these results suggest an important crosstalk between fibroblast and osteoblast, when fibroblast-secreted trophic factors upmodulate osteocyte gene markers and contribute to ECM remodeling stimulus in osteoblast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Célio Jr da Costa Fernandes
- Lab. of Bioassays and Cell Dynamics, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Biosciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, CEP 18618-970, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Willian Fernando Zambuzzi
- Lab. of Bioassays and Cell Dynamics, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Biosciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, CEP 18618-970, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
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20
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Shin JW, Choi HR, Nam KM, Yang SH, Kim SA, Joe HJ, Hwang YJ, Na JI, Huh CH, Park KC. The Expression of Epidermal Stem Cell Marker and SIRT1 in Atopic Dermatitis: A Discussion of Regenerative Potential. Ann Dermatol 2019; 31:476-478. [PMID: 33911634 PMCID: PMC7992753 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2019.31.4.476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Won Shin
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hye-Ryung Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Kyung-Mi Nam
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Seung-Hye Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Sung-Ae Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hyun-Jae Joe
- Department of Dermatology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | | | - Jung-Im Na
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Chang-Hun Huh
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Kyoung-Chan Park
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
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21
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Bhattacharjee O, Ayyangar U, Kurbet AS, Ashok D, Raghavan S. Unraveling the ECM-Immune Cell Crosstalk in Skin Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:68. [PMID: 31134198 PMCID: PMC6514232 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex network of proteins and proteoglycans secreted by keratinocytes, fibroblasts and immune cells. The function of the skin ECM has expanded from being a scaffold that provides structural integrity, to a more dynamic entity that is constantly remodeled to maintain tissue homeostasis. The ECM functions as ligands for cell surface receptors such as integrins, dystroglycans, and toll-like receptors (TLRs) and regulate cellular signaling and immune cell dynamics. The ECM also acts as a sink for growth factors and cytokines, providing critical cues during epithelial morphogenesis. Dysregulation in the organization and deposition of ECMs lead to a plethora of pathophysiological conditions that are exacerbated by aberrant ECM-immune cell interactions. In this review, we focus on the interplay between ECM and immune cells in the context of skin diseases and also discuss state of the art therapies that target the key molecular players involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oindrila Bhattacharjee
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, Sastra University, Thanjavur, India
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, GKVK Campus, Bangalore, India
| | - Uttkarsh Ayyangar
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, Sastra University, Thanjavur, India
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, GKVK Campus, Bangalore, India
| | - Ambika S. Kurbet
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, Sastra University, Thanjavur, India
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, GKVK Campus, Bangalore, India
| | - Driti Ashok
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, GKVK Campus, Bangalore, India
| | - Srikala Raghavan
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, GKVK Campus, Bangalore, India
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22
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Butrous G. Schistosome infection and its effect on pulmonary circulation. Glob Cardiol Sci Pract 2019; 2019:5. [PMID: 31024947 PMCID: PMC6472693 DOI: 10.21542/gcsp.2019.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is the most common parasitic disease associated with pulmonary hypertension. It induces remodelling via complex inflammatory processes, which eventually produce the clinical manifestation of pulmonary hypertension. The pulmonary hypertension shows clinical signs and symptoms that are not distinguishable from other forms of pulmonary arterial hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazwan Butrous
- Professor of Cardiopulmonary Sciences, Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, UK and University of Greenwich, Central Ave, Gillingham, Chatham ME4 4BF, Kent, UK
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23
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Petrucelli MF, Peronni K, Sanches PR, Komoto TT, Matsuda JB, Silva Junior WAD, Beleboni RO, Martinez-Rossi NM, Marins M, Fachin AL. Dual RNA-Seq Analysis of Trichophyton rubrum and HaCat Keratinocyte Co-Culture Highlights Important Genes for Fungal-Host Interaction. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9070362. [PMID: 30029541 PMCID: PMC6070946 DOI: 10.3390/genes9070362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The dermatophyte Trichophyton rubrum is the major fungal pathogen of skin, hair, and nails that uses keratinized substrates as the primary nutrients during infection. Few strategies are available that permit a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the interaction of T. rubrum with the host because of the limitations of models mimicking this interaction. Dual RNA-seq is a powerful tool to unravel this complex interaction since it enables simultaneous evaluation of the transcriptome of two organisms. Using this technology in an in vitro model of co-culture, this study evaluated the transcriptional profile of genes involved in fungus-host interactions in 24 h. Our data demonstrated the induction of glyoxylate cycle genes, ERG6 and TERG_00916, which encodes a carboxylic acid transporter that may improve the assimilation of nutrients and fungal survival in the host. Furthermore, genes encoding keratinolytic proteases were also induced. In human keratinocytes (HaCat) cells, the SLC11A1, RNASE7, and CSF2 genes were induced and the products of these genes are known to have antimicrobial activity. In addition, the FLG and KRT1 genes involved in the epithelial barrier integrity were inhibited. This analysis showed the modulation of important genes involved in T. rubrum–host interaction, which could represent potential antifungal targets for the treatment of dermatophytoses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kamila Peronni
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Bioinformatics, Regional Hemotherapy Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto 2501, Brazil.
| | - Pablo Rodrigo Sanches
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, Brazil.
| | | | - Josie Budag Matsuda
- Biotechnology Unit, University of Ribeirão Preto-UNAERP, São Paulo 2201, Brazil.
| | - Wilson Araújo da Silva Junior
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Bioinformatics, Regional Hemotherapy Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto 2501, Brazil.
| | | | - Nilce Maria Martinez-Rossi
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, Brazil.
| | - Mozart Marins
- Biotechnology Unit, University of Ribeirão Preto-UNAERP, São Paulo 2201, Brazil.
| | - Ana Lúcia Fachin
- Biotechnology Unit, University of Ribeirão Preto-UNAERP, São Paulo 2201, Brazil.
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24
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Kim TI, Park HJ, Won YY, Choi H, Jeong KH, Sung JY, Shin MK. Basement Membrane Status Is Intact in Urticarial Dermatitis vs. Adult-Onset Atopic Dermatitis. Ann Dermatol 2018; 30:258-261. [PMID: 29606837 PMCID: PMC5839911 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2018.30.2.258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tae In Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung-Jin Park
- Department of Dermatology, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Yon Won
- Department of Dermatology, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeongwon Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki-Heon Jeong
- Department of Dermatology, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Youn Sung
- Department of Pathology, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Kyung Shin
- Department of Dermatology, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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25
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Yamada Y, Matsumoto T. House Dust Mites Induce Production of Endothelin-1 and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 in Keratinocytes via Proteinase-Activated Receptor-2 Activation. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2017; 173:84-92. [PMID: 28586781 DOI: 10.1159/000473700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by skin barrier dysfunction and abnormal immune response. House dust mites (HDM) are a major source of allergens, some of which have cysteine and serine protease activities. Keratinocytes stimulated by HDM-derived proteases have been suggested to contribute to the pathogenesis of AD by producing various cytokines. However, whether keratinocytes contribute to the induction of pruritus in AD, especially by producing pruritus-related mediators upon stimulation with HDM-derived proteases, has not been fully elucidated. METHODS We examined whether the production of endothelin-1 (ET-1), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, and MMP-9 in keratinocytes can be induced by stimulation with Dermatophagoides farinae extracts, and if so, whether pretreatment with a protease inhibitor or proteinase-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) antagonist affects the production of these mediators in keratinocytes. RESULTS Although MMP-2 levels were undetectable in the culture supernatants, the production of ET-1 and MMP-9 was increased upon stimulation with HDM extracts in a concentration- and time-dependent manner and suppressed by pretreatment of HDM extracts with serine protease inhibitor, but not with cysteine protease inhibitor. Mite-derived serine proteases also induced ET-1 and MMP-9 production in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Moreover, pretreatment with a PAR-2 antagonist inhibited the production of ET-1 and MMP-9 in keratinocytes. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the activation of PAR-2 on keratinocytes by HDM-derived serine proteases induces the production of ET-1 and MMP-9, and may contribute to the induction of pruritus in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihito Yamada
- Drug Development Research Laboratories, Kyoto R&D Center, Maruho Co., Ltd., Kyoto, Japan
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26
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Xu L, Cai Z, Yang F, Chen M. Activation‑induced upregulation of MMP9 in mast cells is a positive feedback mediator for mast cell activation. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:1759-1764. [PMID: 28259919 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Activated mast cells are involved in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis (AR). As a member of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family, MMP9 has been previously demonstrated act in a pro‑inflammatory manner. Mast cells regulate the activity of MMP9, and mast cells themselves have been reported to produce MMP9. However, to the best of our knowledge, the involvement of MMP9 in mast cell activation remains to be elucidated. The present study demonstrated an upregulation of MMP9 protein and mRNA expression levels in mast cells activated by phorbol ester and ionomycin. Phosphorylated ERK and AKT protein levels also markedly increased in activated mast cells, and inhibition of the ERK and AKT signaling pathways prevented the increase of MMP9 in activated mast cells. MMP9 was demonstrated to be involved in mast cell activation, since inhibition of MMP9 activity or expression inhibited mast cell activation. Furthermore, IL‑4 treatment reduced MMP9 upregulation in activated mast cells, and interference with IL‑4 signaling with an IL‑4 neutralizing antibody promoted MMP9 upregulation in activated mast cells. These results revealed a novel MMP9‑mediated mechanism underlying mast cell activation, thus providing novel ideas for AR therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Zhijian Cai
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Fei Yang
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
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Abstract
Very high frequency ultrasound (VHF-US) is new therapy method with a broad application spectrum in dermatology and aesthetic medicine. In this method, ultrasound waves with frequencies over 10 MHz, which were for a long time only used in ultrasound diagnostics, are applied for therapeutic purposes. Such US waves demonstrate specific biophysical efficiencies which warrant their application for the treatment of the skin efflorescences, chronic wounds and hypertrophic scars as well as in anti-aging and skin improvement procedures in aesthetic medicine. VHF-US can be applied not only for stand-alone treatments, but also as a supportive pre- and posttreatment method in combination with laser, radiofrequency currents, injection lipolysis, etc. as well as in aesthetic plastic surgery.
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Sala M, Elaissari A, Fessi H. Advances in psoriasis physiopathology and treatments: Up to date of mechanistic insights and perspectives of novel therapies based on innovative skin drug delivery systems (ISDDS). J Control Release 2016; 239:182-202. [PMID: 27381248 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting mainly the skin but which can be complicated by psoriatic arthritis (PsA).This autoimmune skin disorder concerns 2-5% of the world population. To date, the physiopathology of psoriasis is not still completely elucidated but many researches are ongoing which have led for example to the discovery of the Th17/Th22 pathway. The conventional therapeutic approaches (local or systemic route) appeal to various classes of drugs with complex mechanisms of action and non-negligible side effects. Although there is no therapy capable to cure psoriasis, the current goal is to relieve symptoms as longer as possible with a good benefit/risk ratio. That is one of the principal limits of conventional antipsoriatic drugs. New formulations based on nanoencapsulation are a promising opportunity to answer to this limit by offering an optimization of the conventional antipsoriatic drug use (higher activity, lower side effects and frequency of application, etc.). Herein, we tried to put in perspective the mechanistic insights (histological and immunological views) proposed into scientific literature these last years in order to have a better comprehension of psoriasis physiopathology resulting in skin lesions and PsA. The therapeutic armamentarium and the different strategies in the management of psoriasis are discussed in greater details. To finish, the field of encapsulation in nanoparticles is broached in order to put forward recent advances in innovative skin drug delivery systems (ISDDSs) of antipsoriatic active agents for a better efficacy, safety and compliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sala
- University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire d'Automatique et de Génie des Procédés, CNRS, UMR 5007, LAGEP-CPE-308G, 43 bd. du 11 Nov.1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France; Pharmacie centrale, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 57, Rue Francisque Darcieux, 69563 Saint Genis Laval, France
| | - A Elaissari
- University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire d'Automatique et de Génie des Procédés, CNRS, UMR 5007, LAGEP-CPE-308G, 43 bd. du 11 Nov.1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - H Fessi
- University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire d'Automatique et de Génie des Procédés, CNRS, UMR 5007, LAGEP-CPE-308G, 43 bd. du 11 Nov.1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.
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29
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May RD, Fung M. Strategies targeting the IL-4/IL-13 axes in disease. Cytokine 2016; 75:89-116. [PMID: 26255210 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2015.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
IL-4 and IL-13 are pleiotropic Th2 cytokines produced by a wide variety of different cell types and responsible for a broad range of biology and functions. Physiologically, Th2 cytokines are known to mediate host defense against parasites but they can also trigger disease if their activities are dysregulated. In this review we discuss the rationale for targeting the IL-4/IL-13 axes in asthma, atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, COPD, cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, autoimmune disease and fibrotic disease as well as evaluating the associated clinical data derived from blocking IL-4, IL-13 or IL-4 and IL-13 together.
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Subramaniam S, Aslam A, Misbah SA, Salio M, Cerundolo V, Moody DB, Ogg G. Elevated and cross-responsive CD1a-reactive T cells in bee and wasp venom allergic individuals. Eur J Immunol 2016; 46:242-52. [PMID: 26518614 PMCID: PMC4738458 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201545869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The role of CD1a-reactive T cells in human allergic disease is unknown. We have previously shown that circulating CD1a-reactive T cells recognize neolipid antigens generated by bee and wasp venom phospholipase, and here tested the hypothesis that venom-responsive CD1a-reactive T cells associate with venom allergy. Circulating T cells from bee and wasp venom allergic individuals, before and during immunotherapy, were exposed to CD1a-transfected K562 cells in the presence of wasp or bee venom. T-cell response was evaluated based on IFNγ, GM-CSF, and IL-13 cytokine production. Venom allergic individuals showed significantly higher frequencies of IFN-γ, GM-CSF, and IL-13 producing CD1a-reactive T cells responsive to venom and venom-derived phospholipase than healthy individuals. Venom-responsive CD1a-reactive T cells were cross-responsive between wasp and bee suggesting shared pathways of allergenicity. Frequencies of CD1a-reactive T cells were initially induced during subcutaneous immunotherapy, peaking by weeks 5, but then reduced despite escalation of antigen dose. Our current understanding of venom allergy and immunotherapy is largely based on peptide and protein-specific T cell and antibody responses. Here, we show that lipid antigens and CD1a-reactive T cells associate with the allergic response. These data have implications for mechanisms of allergy and approaches to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumithra Subramaniam
- MRC Human Immunology UnitWeatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine and University of Oxford, NIHR Biomedical Research CentreOxfordEnglandUK
| | - Aamir Aslam
- Section of Musculoskeletal DiseaseUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Siraj A. Misbah
- Department of Clinical ImmunologyOxford University Hospitals NHS TrustOxfordUK
| | - Mariolina Salio
- MRC Human Immunology UnitWeatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine and University of Oxford, NIHR Biomedical Research CentreOxfordEnglandUK
| | - Vincenzo Cerundolo
- MRC Human Immunology UnitWeatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine and University of Oxford, NIHR Biomedical Research CentreOxfordEnglandUK
| | - D Branch Moody
- Division of RheumatologyImmunology and AllergyDepartment of MedicineBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Graham Ogg
- MRC Human Immunology UnitWeatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine and University of Oxford, NIHR Biomedical Research CentreOxfordEnglandUK
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Acceleration of diabetic wound healing using a novel protease-anti-protease combination therapy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:15226-31. [PMID: 26598687 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1517847112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonhealing chronic wounds are major complications of diabetes resulting in >70,000 annual lower-limb amputations in the United States alone. The reasons the diabetic wound is recalcitrant to healing are not fully understood, and there are limited therapeutic agents that could accelerate or facilitate its repair. We previously identified two active forms of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), MMP-8 and MMP-9, in the wounds of db/db mice. We argued that the former might play a role in the body's response to wound healing and that the latter is the pathological consequence of the disease with detrimental effects. Here we demonstrate that the use of compound ND-336, a novel highly selective inhibitor of gelatinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) and MMP-14, accelerates diabetic wound healing by lowering inflammation and by enhancing angiogenesis and re-epithelialization of the wound, thereby reversing the pathological condition. The detrimental role of MMP-9 in the pathology of diabetic wounds was confirmed further by the study of diabetic MMP-9-knockout mice, which exhibited wounds more prone to healing. Furthermore, topical administration of active recombinant MMP-8 also accelerated diabetic wound healing as a consequence of complete re-epithelialization, diminished inflammation, and enhanced angiogenesis. The combined topical application of ND-336 (a small molecule) and the active recombinant MMP-8 (an enzyme) enhanced healing even more, in a strategy that holds considerable promise in healing of diabetic wounds.
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Aspartame Attenuates 2, 4-Dinitrofluorobenzene-Induced Atopic Dermatitis–Like Clinical Symptoms in NC/Nga Mice. J Invest Dermatol 2015; 135:2705-2713. [DOI: 10.1038/jid.2015.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Amarogentin Displays Immunomodulatory Effects in Human Mast Cells and Keratinocytes. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:630128. [PMID: 26600671 PMCID: PMC4639662 DOI: 10.1155/2015/630128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratinocytes express the bitter taste receptors TAS2R1 and TAS2R38. Amarogentin as an agonist for TAS2R1 and other TAS2Rs promotes keratinocyte differentiation. Similarly, mast cells are known to express bitter taste receptors. The aim of this study was to assess whether bitter compounds display immunomodulatory effects on these immunocompetent cells in the skin, so that they might be a target in chronic inflammatory diseases such as atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. Here, we investigated the impact of amarogentin on substance P-induced release of histamine and TNF-α from the human mast cell line LAD-2. Furthermore, the effect of amarogentin on HaCaT keratinocytes costimulated with TNF-α and histamine was investigated. Amarogentin inhibited in LAD-2 cells substance P-induced production of newly synthesized TNF-α, but the degranulation and release of stored histamine were not affected. In HaCaT keratinocytes histamine and TNF-α induced IL-8 and MMP-1 expression was reduced by amarogentin to a similar extent as with azelastine. In conclusion amarogentin displays immunomodulatory effects in the skin by interacting with mast cells and keratinocytes.
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34
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Baraut J, Farge D, Jean-Louis F, Masse I, Grigore EI, Arruda LCM, Lamartine J, Verrecchia F, Michel L. Transforming growth factor-β increases interleukin-13 synthesis via GATA-3 transcription factor in T-lymphocytes from patients with systemic sclerosis. Arthritis Res Ther 2015; 17:196. [PMID: 26227022 PMCID: PMC4521372 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-015-0708-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and interleukin (IL)-13 play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc), partly through activation of collagen production that leads to fibrosis. The aim of the present study was to determine whether TFG-β alters IL-13 production in T lymphocytes from patients with SSc from that seen in those of healthy donors. Methods IL-13 mRNA and protein synthesis under TFG-β exposure was measured in circulating T lymphocytes from healthy donors and patients with SSc and also in the Jurkat Th2 T-cell line, using quantitative real-time PCR and fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis, respectively. The involvement of Smad and GATA-3 transcription factors was assessed by using specific inhibitors and small interfering RNA, and the binding capacity of GATA-3 to the IL-13 gene promoter was evaluated by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. Results TGF-β induced a significant decrease in IL-13 mRNA and protein levels in lymphocytes from healthy donors (mean [±SD] inhibition of 30 % ± 10 % and 20 % ± 7 %, respectively; p < 0.05). In contrast, TGF-β promoted a significant increase in IL-13 mRNA levels and IL-13 synthesis by CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell subtypes from patients with SSc, with respective increases of 2.4 ± 0.3-fold, 1.6 ± 0.05-fold and 2.7 ± 0.02-fold. The involvement of the Smad signaling pathway and upregulation of GATA-3 binding capacity on the IL-13 promoter in lymphocytes from patients with SSc contributed to the effect of TGF-β on IL-13 production. Conclusions These results demonstrate that TGF-β upregulates IL-13 synthesis through GATA-3 expression in the T lymphocytes of patients with SSc, confirming that the GATA-3 transcription factor can be regarded as a novel therapeutic target in patients with SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Baraut
- INSERM U976, Pavillon Bazin, Hôpital Saint-Louis 1, Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010, Paris, France.
| | - Dominique Farge
- Unité Clinique de Médecine Interne et Pathologie Vasculaire, UF 04, Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, INSERM UMRS 1160, Paris, France.
| | - Francette Jean-Louis
- INSERM U976, Pavillon Bazin, Hôpital Saint-Louis 1, Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010, Paris, France.
| | - Ingrid Masse
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon I et CNRS UMR5534, Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Villeurbanne, F-69622, France.
| | - Elena Ivan Grigore
- INSERM U976, Pavillon Bazin, Hôpital Saint-Louis 1, Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010, Paris, France.
| | - Lucas C M Arruda
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. .,Center for Cell-based Therapy, São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP), São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Jérôme Lamartine
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon I et CNRS UMR5534, Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Villeurbanne, F-69622, France.
| | - Franck Verrecchia
- INSERM U957, Université de Nantes, 1 rue Gaston Veil, 44000, Nantes, France.
| | - Laurence Michel
- INSERM U976, Pavillon Bazin, Hôpital Saint-Louis 1, Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010, Paris, France.
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35
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Kim GD, Kim TH, Park YS, Ahn HJ, Cho JJ, Park CS. Immune Response Against 2,4-Dinitrofluorobenzene-Induced Atopic Dermatitis-Like Clinical Manifestation is Suppressed by Spermidine in NC⁄Nga Mice. Scand J Immunol 2015; 81:221-8. [DOI: 10.1111/sji.12274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G.-D. Kim
- Department of Microbiology; School of Medicine; Kyung Hee University; Seoul Korea
| | - T.-H. Kim
- Department of Microbiology; School of Medicine; Kyung Hee University; Seoul Korea
| | - Y. S. Park
- Department of Microbiology; School of Medicine; Kyung Hee University; Seoul Korea
| | - H.-J. Ahn
- Department of Microbiology; School of Medicine; Kyung Hee University; Seoul Korea
| | - J.-J. Cho
- Department of Microbiology; School of Medicine; Kyung Hee University; Seoul Korea
| | - C.-S. Park
- Department of Microbiology; School of Medicine; Kyung Hee University; Seoul Korea
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36
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Shin JW, Choi YJ, Choi HR, Na JI, Kim KH, Park IA, Lee HS, Park KC. Defective basement membrane in atopic dermatitis and possible role of IL-13. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2014; 29:2060-2. [PMID: 25065568 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J W Shin
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Y J Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - H R Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - J I Na
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - K H Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - I A Park
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H S Lee
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - K-C Park
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.,Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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37
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Epidermal cells help coordinate leukocyte migration during inflammation through fatty acid-fuelled matrix metalloproteinase production. Nat Commun 2014; 5:3880. [PMID: 24852213 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to satisfying the metabolic demands of cells, mitochondrial metabolism helps regulate immune cell function. To date, such cell-intrinsic metabolic-immunologic cross-talk has only been described operating in cells of the immune system. Here we show that epidermal cells utilize fatty acid β-oxidation to fuel their contribution to the immune response during cutaneous inflammation. By live imaging metabolic and immunological processes within intact zebrafish embryos during cutaneous inflammation, we uncover a mechanism where elevated β-oxidation-fuelled mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species within epidermal cells helps guide matrix metalloproteinase-driven leukocyte recruitment. This mechanism requires the activity of a zebrafish homologue of the mammalian mitochondrial enzyme, Immunoresponsive gene 1. This study describes the first example of metabolic reprogramming operating within a non-immune cell type to help control its contribution to the immune response. Targeting of this metabolic-immunologic interface within keratinocytes may prove useful in treating inflammatory dermatoses.
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38
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Tominaga M, Takamori K. Recent advances in pathophysiological mechanisms of itch. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1586/edm.10.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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39
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Hijnen D, Knol EF, Gent YY, Giovannone B, Beijn SJP, Kupper TS, Bruijnzeel-Koomen CAFM, Clark RA. CD8(+) T cells in the lesional skin of atopic dermatitis and psoriasis patients are an important source of IFN-γ, IL-13, IL-17, and IL-22. J Invest Dermatol 2013; 133:973-9. [PMID: 23223131 PMCID: PMC3835628 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2012.456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Although CD4(+) T cells are known to contribute to the pathology of atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis, the role of CD8(+) T cells in these diseases remains poorly characterized. The aim of this study was to characterize the cytokine production of T cells from AD and psoriasis skin. We found that CD4(+) T cells isolated from AD skin were largely Th2 (T helper type 2) biased, in agreement with prior reports. However, we also observed large numbers of CD8(+) T cells producing IL-13, IFN-γ, and IL-22. We observed increased numbers of CD8(+) T cells isolated from AD skin, and immunohistochemistry studies confirmed the presence of CD8(+) T cells in the dermis and epidermis of AD skin lesions. Surprisingly, T-cell cytokine production was similar in the lesional and nonlesional skin of patients with AD. T cells from psoriatic lesional skin predominantly produced IFN-γ, IL-17, and IL-22, in agreement with prior studies. However, in addition to Th17 cells, we observed high percentages of CD8(+) T cells that produced both IL-22 and IL-17 in psoriatic skin lesions. Our findings demonstrate that CD8(+) T cells are a significant and previously unappreciated source of inflammatory cytokine production in both AD and psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirkjan Hijnen
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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40
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Corsini E, Galbiati V, Nikitovic D, Tsatsakis AM. Role of oxidative stress in chemical allergens induced skin cells activation. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 61:74-81. [PMID: 23454144 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2013] [Revised: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is an important occupational and environmental disease caused by topical exposure to chemical allergens. It describes the adverse effects that may results when exposure to a chemical elicits a T cell-mediated inflammatory skin disease. The ability of contact sensitizers to induce the oxidative stress pathway in keratinocytes and dendritic cells has been confirmed by several authors. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can serve as essential second messengers mediating cellular responses resulting in immune cells activation. Oxidative stress may be the starter point, as it leads to the activation of transcription factors and signaling pathways, including NF-kB and p38 MAPK, which leads to the release of cytokines and chemokines. ROS are also involved in the activation of the NLRP3/NALP3 inflammasome, which is required to direct the proteolytic maturation of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-18, which are all integral to the process of dendritic cells mobilization, migration and functional maturation. Moreover, emerging evidence correlates ROS to changes in the constitution of the extracellular microenvironment found to facilitate ACD. The purpose of this review is to provide both conceptual and technical frameworks on the role of oxidative stress in chemical allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Corsini
- Laboratory of Toxicology, DiSFeB, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy.
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41
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Changes in the monocytic subsets CD14(dim)CD16(+) and CD14(++)CD16(-) in chronic systolic heart failure patients. Mediators Inflamm 2012; 2012:616384. [PMID: 23226928 PMCID: PMC3514840 DOI: 10.1155/2012/616384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2012] [Revised: 10/11/2012] [Accepted: 10/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Different monocytic subsets are important in inflammation and tissue remodelling, but although heart failure (HF) is associated with local and systemic inflammation, their roles in HF are yet unknown. We recruited 59 chronic systolic HF patients (aged 58 ± 13 years, 45 males and 14 females) and 29 age-matched controls with no pervious heart disease. Compared to the controls, we found no change in the distribution of the CD14+CD16+ monocytic subset, whereas the classical CD14++CD16− subset was decreased by 11% (P < 0.001), and the nonclassical CD14dimCD16+ subset was expanded by 4% (P < 0.001) in HF patients and was inversely associated with severe HF (P = 0.015), as assessed by increased end-diastolic dimension (EDD). Compared to the control group, serum TNFα, IL-1β, IL-10, and IL-13 levels were significantly elevated in the HF patients. Specifically, IL-13 levels were positively correlated to the CD1CD14dimCD16+ monocytic subset (r = 0.277, P = 0.017), and intracellular staining of IL-13 demonstrated that some of these monocytes produce the cytokine in HF patients, but not in the controls. We suggest that the inverse association between EDD values and the expansion of CD14dimCD16+ monocytes that can produce IL-13 could be explained as a measure to counterbalance adverse remodelling, which is a central process in HF.
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42
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Krizkova S, Zitka O, Adam V, Kizek R, Masarik M, Stiborova M, Eckschlager T, Chavis GJ. Assays for determination of matrix metalloproteinases and their activity. Trends Analyt Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2011.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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43
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Iriyama S, Tsunenaga M, Amano S, Adachi E. Key role of heparan sulfate chains in assembly of anchoring complex at the dermal-epidermal junction. Exp Dermatol 2011; 20:953-5. [PMID: 21824201 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2011.01347.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal basement membrane forms anchoring complex composed of hemidesmosomes, anchoring filaments, lamina densa and anchoring fibrils to link epidermis to dermis. However, the anchoring complex is rarely formed in skin equivalent models, probably because of degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and heparan sulfate chains by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and heparanase, respectively. To explore the roles of ECM proteins and heparan sulfate in anchoring complex assembly, we used specific inhibitors of MMPs and heparanase, and the formation of anchoring complex was analysed in terms of polarized deposition of collagen VII, BP180 and β4 integrin at the dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ) by means of immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The deposition of collagen VII was polarized to the basal side by the addition of MMP inhibitor, and the staining intensity was increased by combined treatment with MMP inhibitor and heparanase inhibitor, which enhanced anchoring fibril formation as observed by TEM. BP180 was polarized to the basal side by heparanase inhibitor, which protects HS chains, but not by MMP inhibitor. MMP inhibitor improved the polarization of β4 integrin. Hemidesmosomes were formed in the presence of each inhibitor, as observed by TEM, and formation was greatly enhanced by the combined treatment. These findings suggest that heparan sulfate chains, in addition to ECM proteins at the DEJ, play an important role in the assembly of anchoring complex, especially hemidesmosomes and anchoring fibrils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Iriyama
- Shiseido Research Center, Yokohama, Japan Department of Molecular Morphology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan.
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44
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Schlotter YM, Rutten VPMG, Riemers FM, Knol EF, Willemse T. Lesional skin in atopic dogs shows a mixed Type-1 and Type-2 immune responsiveness. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2011; 143:20-6. [PMID: 21684616 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2010] [Revised: 05/09/2011] [Accepted: 05/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Canine atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory and pruritic skin disease which shares several characteristics with its human counterpart. In chronic patch test lesions of human with AD mainly a Th1-type cellular response is found. Besides, non-lesional AD skin is already skewed for inflammation and therefore different from healthy skin. The goal of this study was to characterize local immune responsiveness in chronic canine AD lesions as compared to that in non-lesional AD skin by defining T cell subset relevant cytokine- and transcription factor expression profiles. The gene expression of the Th1 cytokines IL-12p35, IL-12p40 and IFN-γ and their related transcription factors STAT4, SOCS5 and T-bet, the Th2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 and transcription factors STAT6, SOCS3 and GATA-3 and the regulatory cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β and the transcription factor FOXP3 was evaluated in healthy control and atopic dogs. In non-lesional (NLS) and chronic lesional skin (LS) of atopic dogs and control skin (CS) from healthy dogs mRNA expression of cytokines and transcription factors were measured by quantitative real-time PCR. Significantly different values were found for the following factors: IL-12p40 mRNA was lower in LS when compared to NLS. Expression of STAT4 was higher in LS compared to CS and NLS. More IL-13 and SOCS3 were found in LS and NLS when compared to CS and also in LS compared to NLS. GATA-3 was lower in LS compared to NLS. IL-10 expression was higher in both LS and NLS compared to CS and more IL-10 was present in LS compared to NLS. These findings indicate that both Th1- and Th2-type as well as T regulatory cells are present in NLS and LS in canine atopic skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvette M Schlotter
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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45
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Meissner M, Berlinski B, Doll M, Hrgovic I, Laubach V, Reichenbach G, Kippenberger S, Gille J, Kaufmann R. AP1-dependent repression of TGFα-mediated MMP9 upregulation by PPARδ agonists in keratinocytes. Exp Dermatol 2011; 20:425-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2011.01253.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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46
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Bahar-Shany K, Ravid A, Koren R. Upregulation of MMP-9 production by TNFalpha in keratinocytes and its attenuation by vitamin D. J Cell Physiol 2010; 222:729-37. [PMID: 20020446 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
MMP-9, a member of the matrix metalloproteinase family that degrades collagen IV and processes chemokines and cytokines, participates in epidermal remodeling in response to stress and injury. Limited activity of MMP-9 is essential while excessive activity is deleterious to the healing process. Tumor necrosis factor (TNFalpha), a key mediator of cutaneous inflammation, is a powerful inducer of MMP-9. Calcitriol, the hormonally active vitamin D metabolite, and its analogs are known to attenuate epidermal inflammation. We aimed to examine the modulation of MMP-9 by calcitriol in TNFalpha-treated keratinocytes. The immortalized HaCaT keratinocytes were treated with TNFalpha in the absence of exogenous growth factors or active ingredients. MMP-9 production was quantified by gelatin zymography and real-time RT-PCR. Activation of signaling cascades was assessed by western blot analysis and DNA-binding activity of transcription factors was determined by EMSA. Exposure to TNFalpha markedly increased the protein and mRNA levels of MMP-9, while pretreatment with calcitriol dose dependently reduced this effect. Employing specific inhibitors we established that the induction of MMP-9 by TNFalpha was dependent on the activity of the epidermal growth factor receptor, c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK), NFkappaB and extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2. The effect of calcitriol was associated with inhibition of JNK activation and reduction of DNA-binding activities of the transcription factors activator protein-1 (AP-1) and NFkappaB following treatment with TNFalpha. By down-regulating MMP-9 levels active vitamin D derivatives may attenuate deleterious effects due to excessive TNFalpha-induced proteolytic activity associated with cutaneous inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Bahar-Shany
- Basil and Gerald Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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47
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Saw VPJ, Offiah I, Dart RJ, Galatowicz G, Dart JKG, Daniels JT, Calder VL. Conjunctival interleukin-13 expression in mucous membrane pemphigoid and functional effects of interleukin-13 on conjunctival fibroblasts in vitro. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2009; 175:2406-15. [PMID: 19910508 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2009.090579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-13 (IL-13) is the dominant effector cytokine of fibrosis in pulmonary and liver disease. Excessive conjunctival fibrosis in the immunobullous disease ocular mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) causes blindness; the pathogenesis of scarring in this disease is incompletely understood. To determine whether IL-13 is involved in conjunctival fibrosis in MMP, we studied the expression of IL-13 in ocular MMP patients before and after systemic immunosuppression and examined the effects of IL-13 on normal human conjunctival fibroblasts. We found high stromal cell expression of IL-13 in active ocular MMP by immunohistochemistry; 80% of these cells were CD3-positive T cells. Following immunosuppression, in clinically uninflamed, treated, ocular MMP patients, the number of IL-13 positive cells was significantly reduced, but this was still fourfold greater than in normal conjunctiva. IL-13 stimulated collagen lattice contraction and migration, and decreased production of mmp-3 and mmp-10 by human conjunctival fibroblasts. The addition of T cell culture supernatant to IL-13 synergistically augmented fibroblast migration. IL-13 also up-regulated surface expression of HLA-DR, CD80, CD40, and CD154 by conjunctival fibroblasts, suggesting a potential mechanism for fibroblast-T cell cross talk, via which fibroblasts may actively engage in perpetuating chronic inflammation and continued fibrosis. Together, these findings suggest that IL-13 is involved in conjunctival fibrosis in MMP, and that IL-13 has both profibrotic and pro-inflammatory effects on human conjunctival fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie P J Saw
- Department of Ocular Biology and Therapeutics, University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom.
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48
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Tominaga M, Kamo A, Tengara S, Ogawa H, Takamori K. In vitromodel for penetration of sensory nerve fibres on a Matrigel basement membrane: implications for possible application to intractable pruritus. Br J Dermatol 2009; 161:1028-37. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09421.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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49
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Nieuwenhuizen N, Herbert DR, Brombacher F, Lopata AL. Differential requirements for interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 in protein contact dermatitis induced by Anisakis. Allergy 2009; 64:1309-18. [PMID: 19254288 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2009.02002.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to antigens of the fish parasite Anisakis is associated with the development of protein contact dermatitis in seafood-processing workers. Understanding the basic mechanisms controlling allergic sensitization through the skin is critical for designing therapies that will prevent the progression of allergic disease. OBJECTIVE To investigate the roles of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13 and the IL-4Ralpha in both local skin pathology and systemic sensitization following epicutaneous exposure to Anisakis proteins. METHODS BALB/c wild-type (WT) mice and mice deficient in IL-4, IL-13 or IL-4 and IL-13, as well as mice with cell-specific impairment of IL-4Ralpha expression, were sensitized to Anisakis antigen by repeated epicutaneous application of Anisakis extract. Following this sensitization, skin pathology was recorded and systemic responses were investigated. Intravenous challenge with Anisakis extract was performed to test for the development of biologically relevant systemic sensitization. RESULTS In WT mice, epicutaneous sensitization with Anisakis larval antigens induced localized inflammation, epidermal hyperplasia, production of T(H)2 cytokines, antigen-specific IgE and IgG1. Intravenous challenge of sensitized mice resulted in anaphylactic shock. Interestingly, IL-13 deficient mice failed to develop epidermal hyperplasia and inflammation, whilst anaphylaxis was reduced only in strains deficient either in IL-4 only, or deficient in IL-4 and IL-13 concurrently, as well as in mice deficient in IL-4Ralpha or with impaired IL-4Ralpha expression on CD4(+) T cells. CONCLUSIONS Interleukin-13 plays a central role in protein contact dermatitis associated with repeated epicutaneous exposure to Anisakis extract, whereas IL-4 drives systemic sensitization and resultant anaphylactic shock.
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Harper J, Godwin H, Green A, Wilkes L, Holden N, Moffatt M, Cookson W, Layton G, Chandler S. A study of matrix metalloproteinase expression and activity in atopic dermatitis using a novel skin wash sampling assay for functional biomarker analysis. Br J Dermatol 2009; 162:397-403. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09467.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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