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Jiang N, He Y, Wu J, You Q, Zhang R, Cheng M, Liu B, Cai Y, Lyu R, Wu Z. 6-Thioguanine inhibits severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus through suppression of EGR1. Antiviral Res 2024; 227:105916. [PMID: 38777095 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is a novel phlebovirus, recently being officially renamed as Dabie bandavirus, and a causative agent for an emerging infectious disease associated with high fatality. Effective therapeutics and vaccines are lacking and disease pathogenesis is yet to be fully elucidated. In our effort to identify new SFTSV inhibitory molecules, 6-Thioguanine (6-TG) was found to potently inhibit SFTSV infection. 6-TG has been widely used as therapeutic agent since the approval of the Food and Drug Administration in the 1960s. In the current study, we showed that 6-TG was a potent inhibitor of SFTSV infection with 50% effective concentrations (EC50) of 3.465 μM in VeroE6 cells, and 1.848 μM in HUVEC cells. The selectivity index (SI) was >57 in VeroE6 cells and >108 in HUVEC cells, respectively. The SFTSV RNA transcription, protein synthesis, and progeny virions were reduced in a dose dependent manner by the presence of 6-TG in the in vitro infection assay. Further study on the mechanism of the anti-SFTSV activity showed that 6-TG downregulated the production of early growth response gene-1 (EGR1). Using gene silencing and overexpression, we further confirmed that EGR1 was a host restriction factor against SFTSV. Meanwhile, treatment of infected experimental animals with 6-TG inhibited SFTSV infection and alleviated multi-organ dysfunction. In conclusion, we have identified 6-TG as an effective inhibitor of SFTSV replication via the inhibition of EGR1 expression. Further studies are needed to evaluate of 6-TG as a potential therapeutic for treating SFTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Jiang
- Center for Public Health Research, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yating He
- Center for Public Health Research, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Center for Public Health Research, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiao You
- Center for Public Health Research, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Cheng
- Center for Public Health Research, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bingxin Liu
- Center for Public Health Research, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yurong Cai
- School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ruining Lyu
- Center for Public Health Research, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiwei Wu
- Center for Public Health Research, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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Cun Y, Guo C, Jin Y, Zhou L, Zhang C, Chen N, Peng Y, Zhang P, Guo Y. Breviscapine ameliorates autophagy by activating the JAK2/STAT5/BCL2 pathway in a transient cerebral ischemia rat model. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2024; 83:615-625. [PMID: 38804899 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlae045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Breviscapine (Bre), an extract from Erigeron breviscapus, has been widely used to treat cerebral ischemia but the mechanisms of its neuroprotective effects need to be clarified. The present study investigated whether Bre could alleviate excessive autophagy induced by cerebral ischemia in the rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) ischemia model via activating the Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5)/B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) pathway. Rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, i.e. Sham group, MCAO+saline group, MCAO+Bre group, MCAO+DMSO (Dimethyl sulfoxide) group, and MCAO+Bre+AG490 (Tyrphostin AG490, the inhibitor of STAT5) group. The model was established and neuroprotection was evaluated by determining infarct volumes and conducting neurological behavioral tests. Autophagy levels in the infarct penumbra were detected using transmission electron microscopy and Western blotting. The expression of proteins in the JAK2/STAT5/BCL2 pathway was tested by Western blotting. Compared to the MCAO+saline group, the infarct volumes in the MCAO+Bre group were significantly reduced and neurological behavior improved. Breviscapine administration also significantly increased p-JAK2, p-STAT5, and BCL2 expression but decreased autolysosome numbers; it also downregulated Beclin-1 expression and the LC3II/LCI ratio. The JAK2 inhibitor AG490 reversed these effects. These findings indicate that breviscapine can improve neural recovery following ischemia through alleviating excessive autophagy and activation of the JAK2/STAT5/BCL2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongdan Cun
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
- Yunnan College of Business Management, Kunming, China
| | - Cunxiao Guo
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yaju Jin
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Chengcai Zhang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Na Chen
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yicheng Peng
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Pengyue Zhang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yiting Guo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The 920th Hospital of the PLA Joint Service Support Force, Kunming, China
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3
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Xie J, Cheng J, Ko H, Tang Y. Cytosolic DNA sensors in neurodegenerative diseases: from physiological defenders to pathological culprits. EMBO Mol Med 2024; 16:678-699. [PMID: 38467840 PMCID: PMC11018843 DOI: 10.1038/s44321-024-00046-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytosolic DNA sensors are a group of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that vary in structures, molecular mechanisms, and origins but share a common function to detect intracellular microbial DNA and trigger the innate immune response like type 1 interferon production and autophagy. Cytosolic DNA sensors have been proven as indispensable defenders against the invasion of many pathogens; however, growing evidence shows that self-DNA misplacement to cytoplasm also frequently occurs in non-infectious circumstances. Accumulation of cytosolic DNA causes improper activation of cytosolic DNA sensors and triggers an abnormal autoimmune response, that significantly promotes pathological progression. Neurodegenerative diseases are a group of neurological disorders characterized by neuron loss and still lack effective treatments due to a limited understanding of pathogenesis. But current research has found a solid relationship between neurodegenerative diseases and cytosolic DNA sensing pathways. This review summarizes profiles of several major cytosolic DNA sensors and their common adaptor protein STING. It also discusses both the beneficial and detrimental roles of cytosolic DNA sensors in the genesis and progression of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiatian Xie
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Brain Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Nanhai Translational Innovation Center of Precision Immunology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Foshan, 528200, China
| | - Jinping Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Brain Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Nanhai Translational Innovation Center of Precision Immunology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Foshan, 528200, China
| | - Ho Ko
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics & Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yamei Tang
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
- Brain Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
- Nanhai Translational Innovation Center of Precision Immunology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Foshan, 528200, China.
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4
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Fouad MA, Osman AA, Abdelhamid NM, Rashad MW, Nabawy AY, El Kerdawy AM. Discovery of dual kinase inhibitors targeting VEGFR2 and FAK: structure-based pharmacophore modeling, virtual screening, and molecular docking studies. BMC Chem 2024; 18:29. [PMID: 38347617 PMCID: PMC10863211 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-024-01130-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
VEGFR2 and FAK signaling pathways are interconnected and have synergistic effects on tumor angiogenesis, growth, and metastasis. Thus, instead of the conventional targeting of each of these proteins individually with a specific inhibitor, the present work aimed to discover novel dual inhibitors targeting both VEGFR2 and FAK exploiting their association. To this end, receptor-based pharmacophore modeling technique was opted to generate 3D pharmacophore models for VEGFR2 and FAK type II kinase inhibitors. The generated pharmacophore models were validated by assessing their ability to discriminate between active and decoy compounds in a pre-compiled test set of VEGFR2 and FAK active compounds and decoys. ZINCPharmer web tool was then used to screen the ZINC database purchasable subset using the validated pharmacophore models retrieving 42,616 hits for VEGFR2 and 28,475 hits for FAK. Subsequently, they were filtered using various filters leaving 13,023 and 6,832 survived compounds for VEGFR2 and FAK, respectively, with 124 common compounds. Based on molecular docking simulations, thirteen compounds were found to satisfy all necessary interactions with VEGFR2 and FAK kinase domains. Thus, they are predicted to have a possible dual VEGFR2/FAK inhibitory activity. Finally, SwissADME web tool showed that compound ZINC09875266 is not only promising in terms of binding pattern to our target kinases, but also in terms of pharmacokinetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa A Fouad
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University (NGU), Newgiza, Km 22 Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Alaa A Osman
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University (NGU), Newgiza, Km 22 Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Noha M Abdelhamid
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University (NGU), Newgiza, Km 22 Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mai W Rashad
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University (NGU), Newgiza, Km 22 Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ashrakat Y Nabawy
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University (NGU), Newgiza, Km 22 Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M El Kerdawy
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University (NGU), Newgiza, Km 22 Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road, Cairo, Egypt
- School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Science, University of Lincoln, Joseph Banks Laboratories, Green Lane, Lincoln, Lincolnshire, UK
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5
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Shrestha P, Kandel J, Tayara H, Chong KT. DL-SPhos: Prediction of serine phosphorylation sites using transformer language model. Comput Biol Med 2024; 169:107925. [PMID: 38183701 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.107925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Serine phosphorylation plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of various cellular processes and diseases. Roughly 81% of human diseases have links to phosphorylation, and an overwhelming 86.4% of protein phosphorylation takes place at serine residues. In eukaryotes, over a quarter of proteins undergo phosphorylation, with more than half implicated in numerous disorders, notably cancer and reproductive system diseases. This study primarily focuses on serine-phosphorylation-driven pathogenesis and the critical role of conserved motif identification. While numerous techniques exist for predicting serine phosphorylation sites, traditional wet lab experiments are resource-intensive. Our paper introduces a cutting-edge deep learning tool for predicting S phosphorylation sites, integrating explainable AI for motif identification, a transformer language model, and deep neural network components. We trained our model on protein sequences from UniProt, validated it against the dbPTM benchmark dataset, and employed the PTMD dataset to explore motifs related to mammalian disorders. Our results highlight that our model surpasses other deep learning predictors by a significant 3%. Furthermore, we utilized the local interpretable model-agnostic explanations (LIME) approach to shed light on the predictions, emphasizing the amino acid residues crucial for S phosphorylation. Notably, our model also outperformed competitors in kinase-specific serine phosphorylation prediction on benchmark datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palistha Shrestha
- Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, 54896, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeevan Kandel
- Graduate School of Integrated Energy-AI, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, 54896, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hilal Tayara
- School of International Engineering and Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, 54896, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kil To Chong
- Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, 54896, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea; Advances Electronics and Information Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, 54896, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Santos PF, Fazendeiro B, Luca FC, Ambrósio AF, Léger H. The NDR/LATS protein kinases in neurobiology: Key regulators of cell proliferation, differentiation and migration in the ocular and central nervous system. Eur J Cell Biol 2023; 102:151333. [PMID: 37327741 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2023.151333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear Dbf2-related (NDR) kinases are a subgroup of evolutionarily conserved AGC protein kinases that regulate various aspects of cell growth and morphogenesis. There are 4 NDR protein kinases in mammals, LATS1, LATS2 and STTK8/NDR1, STK38L/NDR2 protein kinases. LATS1 and 2 are core components of the well-studied Hippo pathway, which play a critical role in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, and cell migration via YAP/TAZ transcription factor. The Hippo pathways play an important role in nervous tissue development and homeostasis, especially with regard to the central nervous system (CNS) and the ocular system. The ocular system is a very complex system generated by the interaction in a very tightly coordinated manner of numerous and diverse developing tissues, such as, but not limited to choroidal and retinal blood vessels, the retinal pigmented epithelium and the retina, a highly polarized neuronal tissue. The retina development and maintenance require precise and coordinated regulation of cell proliferation, cell death, migration, morphogenesis, synaptic connectivity, and balanced homeostasis. This review highlights the emerging roles of NDR1 and NDR2 kinases in the regulation of retinal/neuronal function and homeostasis via a noncanonical branch of the Hippo pathway. We highlight a potential role of NDR1 and NDR2 kinases in regulating neuronal inflammation and as potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of neuronal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo F Santos
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University Coimbra, Azinhaga Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Faculty of Medicine, University Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Life Sciences, University Coimbra, CC Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Fazendeiro
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University Coimbra, Azinhaga Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Faculty of Medicine, University Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francis C Luca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, 3800 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - António Francisco Ambrósio
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University Coimbra, Azinhaga Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Faculty of Medicine, University Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal; Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image (AIBILI), Azinhaga Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Hélène Léger
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University Coimbra, Azinhaga Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Faculty of Medicine, University Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal.
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Alharthi J, Pan Z, Gloss BS, McLeod D, Weltman M, George J, Eslam M. Loss of metabolic adaptation in lean MAFLD is driven by endotoxemia leading to epigenetic reprogramming. Metabolism 2023; 144:155583. [PMID: 37146900 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2023.155583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Lean patients with MAFLD have an initial adaptive metabolic response characterised by increased serum bile acids and Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR) activity. How this adaptive response wanes resulting in an equal or perhaps worse long-term adverse outcome compared to patients with obese MAFLD is not known. We show that patients with lean MAFLD have endotoxemia while their macrophages demonstrate excess production of inflammatory cytokines in response to activation by Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands when compared to healthy subjects. Alterations of the lean MAFLD macrophage epigenome drives this response and suppresses bile acids signalling to drive inflammation. Our data suggests that selectively restoring bile acids signalling might restore adaptive metabolic responses in patients with MAFLD who are lean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawaher Alharthi
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead Hospital and University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ziyan Pan
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead Hospital and University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Brian S Gloss
- Westmead Research Hub, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Duncan McLeod
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research (ICPMR), Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Martin Weltman
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nepean Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jacob George
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead Hospital and University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mohammed Eslam
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead Hospital and University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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8
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Sun CF, Zhang XH, Dong JJ, You XX, Tian YY, Gao FY, Zhang HT, Shi Q, Ye X, Shi Q, Ye X. Whole-genome resequencing reveals recent signatures of selection in five populations of largemouth bass ( Micropterus salmoides). Zool Res 2023; 44:78-89. [PMID: 36349358 PMCID: PMC9841193 DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2022.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Largemouth bass ( Micropterus salmoides) is an economically important fish species in North America, Europe, and China. Various genetic improvement programs and domestication processes have modified its genome sequence through selective pressure, leaving nucleotide signals that can be detected at the genomic level. In this study, we sequenced 149 largemouth bass fish, including protospecies (imported from the US) and improved breeds (four domestic breeding populations from China). We detected genomic regions harboring certain genes associated with improved traits, which may be useful molecular markers for practical domestication, breeding, and selection. Subsequent analyses of genetic diversity and population structure revealed that the improved breeds have undergone more rigorous genetic changes. Through selective signal analysis, we identified hundreds of putative selective sweep regions in each largemouth bass line. Interestingly, we predicted 103 putative candidate genes potentially subjected to selection, including several associated with growth (p sst1 and grb10), early development ( klf9, sp4, and sp8), and immune traits ( pkn2, sept2, bcl6, and ripk2). These candidate genes represent potential genomic landmarks that could be used to improve important traits of biological and commercial interest. In summary, this study provides a genome-wide map of genetic variations and selection footprints in largemouth bass, which may benefit genetic studies and accelerate genetic improvement of this economically important fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Fei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510380, China
| | - Xin-Hui Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518081, China,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jun-Jian Dong
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510380, China
| | - Xin-Xin You
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518081, China,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510380, China
| | - Feng-Ying Gao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510380, China
| | - He-Tong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510380, China
| | - Qiong Shi
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518081, China,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China,E-mail:
| | - Xing Ye
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510380, China,
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9
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Gene Expression Landscape of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia K562 Cells Overexpressing the Tumor Suppressor Gene PTPRG. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179899. [PMID: 36077295 PMCID: PMC9456469 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study concerns the analysis of the modulation of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) cell model K562 transcriptome following transfection with the tumor suppressor gene encoding for Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type G (PTPRG) and treatment with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) Imatinib. Specifically, we aimed at identifying genes whose level of expression is altered by PTPRG modulation and Imatinib concentration. Statistical tests as differential expression analysis (DEA) supported by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and modern methods of ontological term analysis are presented along with some results of current interest for forthcoming experimental research in the field of the transcriptomic landscape of CML. In particular, we present two methods that differ in the order of the analysis steps. After a gene selection based on fold-change value thresholding, we applied statistical tests to select differentially expressed genes. Therefore, we applied two different methods on the set of differentially expressed genes. With the first method (Method 1), we implemented GSEA, followed by the identification of transcription factors. With the second method (Method 2), we first selected the transcription factors from the set of differentially expressed genes and implemented GSEA on this set. Method 1 is a standard method commonly used in this type of analysis, while Method 2 is unconventional and is motivated by the intention to identify transcription factors more specifically involved in biological processes relevant to the CML condition. Both methods have been equipped in ontological knowledge mining and word cloud analysis, as elements of novelty in our analytical procedure. Data analysis identified RARG and CD36 as a potential PTPRG up-regulated genes, suggesting a possible induction of cell differentiation toward an erithromyeloid phenotype. The prediction was confirmed at the mRNA and protein level, further validating the approach and identifying a new molecular mechanism of tumor suppression governed by PTPRG in a CML context.
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10
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Wang X, Zhang Z, Zhang C, Meng X, Shi X, Qu P. TransPhos: A Deep-Learning Model for General Phosphorylation Site Prediction Based on Transformer-Encoder Architecture. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084263. [PMID: 35457080 PMCID: PMC9029334 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein phosphorylation is one of the most critical post-translational modifications of proteins in eukaryotes, which is essential for a variety of biological processes. Plenty of attempts have been made to improve the performance of computational predictors for phosphorylation site prediction. However, most of them are based on extra domain knowledge or feature selection. In this article, we present a novel deep learning-based predictor, named TransPhos, which is constructed using a transformer encoder and densely connected convolutional neural network blocks, for predicting phosphorylation sites. Data experiments are conducted on the datasets of PPA (version 3.0) and Phospho. ELM. The experimental results show that our TransPhos performs better than several deep learning models, including Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Long-term and short-term memory networks (LSTM), Recurrent neural networks (RNN) and Fully connected neural networks (FCNN), and some state-of-the-art deep learning-based prediction tools, including GPS2.1, NetPhos, PPRED, Musite, PhosphoSVM, SKIPHOS, and DeepPhos. Our model achieves a good performance on the training datasets of Serine (S), Threonine (T), and Tyrosine (Y), with AUC values of 0.8579, 0.8335, and 0.6953 using 10-fold cross-validation tests, respectively, and demonstrates that the presented TransPhos tool considerably outperforms competing predictors in general protein phosphorylation site prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Wang
- College of Computer Science and Technology, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266555, China; (Z.Z.); (C.Z.); (X.M.); (X.S.); (P.Q.)
- State Key Laboratory of Computer Architecture, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- College of Computer Science and Technology, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266555, China; (Z.Z.); (C.Z.); (X.M.); (X.S.); (P.Q.)
| | - Chaogang Zhang
- College of Computer Science and Technology, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266555, China; (Z.Z.); (C.Z.); (X.M.); (X.S.); (P.Q.)
| | - Xiangyu Meng
- College of Computer Science and Technology, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266555, China; (Z.Z.); (C.Z.); (X.M.); (X.S.); (P.Q.)
| | - Xin Shi
- College of Computer Science and Technology, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266555, China; (Z.Z.); (C.Z.); (X.M.); (X.S.); (P.Q.)
| | - Peng Qu
- College of Computer Science and Technology, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266555, China; (Z.Z.); (C.Z.); (X.M.); (X.S.); (P.Q.)
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11
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Yu J, Cheng W, Jia M, Chen L, Gu C, Ren HQ, Wu B. Toxicity of perfluorooctanoic acid on zebrafish early embryonic development determined by single-cell RNA sequencing. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 427:127888. [PMID: 34862108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) poses a high risk for aquatic organisms. Nevertheless, the current toxicity studies rarely report how PFOA affects different cell populations during the embryonic development of fish. Here, the zebrafish embryos at 2-30 hpf were exposed to 1-100 μg/L PFOA. The heartbeat and locomotor behavior were significantly decreased after ≥ 25 μg/L PFOA exposure. The single-cell RNA sequencing showed that PFOA exposure influenced nine cell populations, including heart cells, hatching gland cells, macrophages, lens cells, ionocytes, melanoblasts, optic cup cells, periderm cells, and differentiating neurons cells. Among them, heart cells were the most affected cell population. Functions of cardiac muscle contraction, actin cytoskeleton and oxygen binding were significantly changed in the heart cells, which were involved in the altered expressions of tnni2a.4, acta1a, atp1a1a.2, mylpfa, and so on. Besides, the changes of apoptotic process, innate immune response, and translation in lens cells, hatching gland cells, macrophages and ionocytes should also be of concern. Our study indicates that 2-30 hpf of embryonic development is the sensitivity window for the PFOA exposure. Identification of the target cell population provides clear information of the toxic endpoint of PFOA, which sheds new light on the risk assessment of PFOA on aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Wanqing Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Min Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Ling Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Cheng Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Hong-Qiang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Bing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
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12
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Menarim BC, El-Sheikh Ali H, Loux SC, Scoggin KE, Kalbfleisch TS, MacLeod JN, Dahlgren LA. Transcriptional and Histochemical Signatures of Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cell-Mediated Resolution of Synovitis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:734322. [PMID: 34956173 PMCID: PMC8692379 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.734322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) may result from impaired ability of synovial macrophages to resolve joint inflammation. Increasing macrophage counts in inflamed joints through injection with bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMNC) induces lasting resolution of synovial inflammation. To uncover mechanisms by which BMNC may affect resolution, in this study, differential transcriptional signatures of BMNC in response to normal (SF) and inflamed synovial fluid (ISF) were analyzed. We demonstrate the temporal behavior of co-expressed gene networks associated with traits from related in vivo and in vitro studies. We also identified activated and inhibited signaling pathways and upstream regulators, further determining their protein expression in the synovium of inflamed joints treated with BMNC or DPBS controls. BMNC responded to ISF with an early pro-inflammatory response characterized by a short spike in the expression of a NF-ƙB- and mitogen-related gene network. This response was associated with sustained increased expression of two gene networks comprising known drivers of resolution (IL-10, IGF-1, PPARG, isoprenoid biosynthesis). These networks were common to SF and ISF, but more highly expressed in ISF. Most highly activated pathways in ISF included the mevalonate pathway and PPAR-γ signaling, with pro-resolving functional annotations that improve mitochondrial metabolism and deactivate NF-ƙB signaling. Lower expression of mevalonate kinase and phospho-PPARγ in synovium from inflamed joints treated with BMNC, and equivalent IL-1β staining between BMNC- and DPBS-treated joints, associates with accomplished resolution in BMNC-treated joints and emphasize the intricate balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory mechanisms required for resolution. Combined, our data suggest that BMNC-mediated resolution is characterized by constitutively expressed homeostatic mechanisms, whose expression are enhanced following inflammatory stimulus. These mechanisms translate into macrophage proliferation optimizing their capacity to counteract inflammatory damage and improving their general and mitochondrial metabolism to endure oxidative stress while driving tissue repair. Such effect is largely achieved through the synthesis of several lipids that mediate recovery of homeostasis. Our study reveals candidate mechanisms by which BMNC provide lasting improvement in patients with OA and suggests further investigation on the effects of PPAR-γ signaling enhancement for the treatment of arthritic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno C Menarim
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States.,Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Sciences, College of Agricultural, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Hossam El-Sheikh Ali
- Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Sciences, College of Agricultural, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.,Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Shavahn C Loux
- Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Sciences, College of Agricultural, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Kirsten E Scoggin
- Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Sciences, College of Agricultural, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Theodore S Kalbfleisch
- Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Sciences, College of Agricultural, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - James N MacLeod
- Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Sciences, College of Agricultural, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Linda A Dahlgren
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
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13
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Nguyen HD, Bisson M, Scott M, Boire G, Bouchard L, Roux S. miR profile in pagetic osteoclasts: from large-scale sequencing to gene expression study. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 99:1771-1781. [PMID: 34609560 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02128-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Paget's disease of bone (PDB) is characterized by excessive and disorganized bone remodeling, in which bone-resorbing osteoclasts play a key role. We investigated microRNA (miR) expression in osteoclasts derived from the blood of 40 PDB patients and 30 healthy controls. By deep sequencing, a preliminary analysis identified differentially expressed miRs in a discovery cohort of 9 PDB patients and 9 age and sex-matched healthy controls. Six mature miRs, miR-29b1-3p, miR-15b-5p, miR-181a-5p, let-7i-3p, miR-500b-5p, and miR-1246, were found to be significantly decreased in pagetic overactive osteoclasts. The differential expression of the miRs was confirmed by the analysis of a larger independent cohort using qPCR. In an integrative network biology analysis of the miR candidates, we identified strong validated interactions between the miRs and some pathways, primarily apoptosis, and major osteoclast signaling pathways including PI3K/Akt, IFNγ, or TGFβ, as well as c-Fos, a transcription factor, and MMP-9, a metalloprotease. In addition, other genes like CCND2, CCND1, WEE1, SAMHD1, and AXIN2 were revealed in this network of interactions. Our results enhance the understanding of osteoclast biology in PDB; our work may also provide fresh perspectives on the research or therapeutic development of other bone diseases. KEY MESSAGES: miR profile in overactive osteoclasts from patients with Paget's disease of bone. Six mature miRs were significantly decreased in pagetic osteoclasts vs controls. miRs of interest: let7i-3p, miR-15b-5p, -29b1-3p, -181a-5p, -500b-5p, and -1246. Target genes and enriched pathways highlight the importance of apoptotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Dong Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry and Functional Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, PQ, Canada
| | - Martine Bisson
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, PQ, Canada
| | - Michelle Scott
- Department of Biochemistry and Functional Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, PQ, Canada
| | - Gilles Boire
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, PQ, Canada
| | - Luigi Bouchard
- Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Chicoutimi, PQ, Canada
| | - Sophie Roux
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, PQ, Canada.
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14
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Estrada A, Rodriguez AC, Rodriguez G, Grant AH, Ayala-Marin YM, Arrieta AJ, Kirken RA. Phosphorylation of CrkL S114 induced by common gamma chain cytokines and T-cell receptor signal transduction. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16951. [PMID: 34417497 PMCID: PMC8379229 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96428-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
T-cell activation and cellular expansion by common gamma chain cytokines such as Interleukin-2 is necessary for adaptive immunity. However, when unregulated these same pathways promote pathologies ranging from autoimmune disorders to cancer. While the functional role of Interleukin-2 and downstream effector molecules is relatively clear, the repertoire of phosphoregulatory proteins downstream of this pathway is incomplete. To identify phosphoproteins downstream of common gamma chain receptor, YT cells were radiolabeled with [32P]-orthophosphate and stimulated with Interleukin-2. Subsequently, tyrosine phosphorylated proteins were immunopurified and subjected to tandem mass spectrometry-leading to the identification of CrkL. Phosphoamino acid analysis revealed concurrent serine phosphorylation of CrkL and was later identified as S114 by mass spectrometry analysis. S114 was inducible through stimulation with Interleukin-2 or T-cell receptor stimulation. Polyclonal antibodies were generated against CrkL phospho-S114, and used to show its inducibility by multiple stimuli. These findings confirm CrkL as an Interleukin-2 responsive protein that becomes phosphorylated at S114 by a kinase/s downstream of PI3K and MEK/ERK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armando Estrada
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas At El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA.,Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas At El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA
| | - Alejandro C Rodriguez
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas At El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA.,Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas At El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA
| | - Georgialina Rodriguez
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas At El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA.,Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas At El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA
| | - Alice H Grant
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas At El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA.,Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas At El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA
| | - Yoshira M Ayala-Marin
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas At El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA.,Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas At El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA
| | - Amy J Arrieta
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas At El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA
| | - Robert A Kirken
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas At El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA. .,Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas At El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA.
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15
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Construction and Analysis of Survival-Associated Competing Endogenous RNA Network in Lung Adenocarcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:4093426. [PMID: 33628780 PMCID: PMC7895565 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4093426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has shown that noncoding RNAs play significant roles in the initiation, progression, and metastasis of tumours via participating in competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks. However, the survival-associated ceRNA in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the regulatory mechanisms underlying ceRNA in LUAD to identify novel prognostic factors. mRNA, lncRNA, and miRNA sequencing data obtained from the GDC data portal were utilized to identify differentially expressed (DE) RNAs. Survival-related RNAs were recognized using univariate Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. We performed functional enrichment analysis of survival-related mRNAs using the clusterProfiler package of R and STRING. lncRNA-miRNA and miRNA-mRNA interactions were predicted based on miRcode, Starbase, and miRanda. Subsequently, the survival-associated ceRNA network was constructed for LUAD. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to identify prognostic factors. Finally, we acquired 15 DE miRNAs, 49 DE lncRNAs, and 843 DE mRNAs associated with significant overall survival. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that survival-related DE mRNAs were enriched in cell cycle. The survival-associated lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network was constructed using five miRNAs, 49 mRNAs, and 21 lncRNAs. Furthermore, seven hub RNAs (LINC01936, miR-20a-5p, miR-31-5p, TNS1, TGFBR2, SMAD7, and NEDD4L) were identified based on the ceRNA network. LINC01936 and miR-31-5p were found to be significant using the multifactorial Cox regression model. In conclusion, we successfully constructed a survival-related lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA regulatory network in LUAD and identified seven hub RNAs, which provide novel insights into the regulatory molecular mechanisms associated with survival of LUAD, and identified two independent prognostic predictors for LUAD.
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16
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Ravichandran G, Pasupuleti M, Arasu MV, Al-Dhabi NA, Arshad A, Arockiaraj J. Innate immune function of serine/threonine-protein kinase from Macrobrachium rosenbergii in response to host-pathogen interactions. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 106:332-340. [PMID: 32758637 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.07.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The occurrences of multiple drug-resistant strains have been relentlessly increasing in recent years. The aquaculture industry has encountered major disease outbreaks and crucially affected by this situation. The usage of non-specific chemicals and antibiotics expedites the stimulation of resistant strains. Triggering the natural defense mechanism would provide an effective and safest way of protecting the host system. Hence, we have investigated the innate immune function of serine/threonine-protein kinase (STPK) in Macrobrachium rosenbergii (Mr). The in-silico protein analysis resulted in the identification of cationic antimicrobial peptide, MrSL-19, with interesting properties from STPK of M. rosenbergii. Antimicrobial assay, FACS and SEM analysis demonstrated that the peptide potentially inhibits Staphylococcus aureus by interacting with its membrane. The toxic study on MrSL-19 demonstrated that the peptide is not toxic against HEK293 cells as well as human erythrocytes. This investigation showed the significant innate immune property of an efficient cationic antimicrobial peptide, MrSL-19 of STPK from M. rosenbergii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayathri Ravichandran
- SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mukesh Pasupuleti
- Lab PCN 206, Microbiology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B.S. 10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226 031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mariadhas Valan Arasu
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif Abdullah Al-Dhabi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aziz Arshad
- International Institute of Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences (I-AQUAS), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 71050, Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia; Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jesu Arockiaraj
- SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
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17
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Ahmed S, Kabir M, Arif M, Khan ZU, Yu DJ. DeepPPSite: A deep learning-based model for analysis and prediction of phosphorylation sites using efficient sequence information. Anal Biochem 2020; 612:113955. [PMID: 32949607 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2020.113955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorylation is a ubiquitous type of post-translational modification (PTM) that occurs in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells where in a phosphate group binds with amino acid residues. These specific residues, i.e., serine (S), threonine (T), and tyrosine (Y), exhibit diverse functions at the molecular level. Recent studies have determined that some diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases are caused by abnormal phosphorylation. Based on its potential applications in biological research and drug development, the large-scale identification of phosphorylation sites has attracted interest. Existing wet-lab technologies for targeting phosphorylation sites are overpriced and time consuming. Thus, computational algorithms that can efficiently accelerate the annotation of phosphorylation sites from massive protein sequences are needed. Numerous machine learning-based methods have been implemented for phosphorylation sites prediction. However, despite extensive efforts, existing computational approaches continue to have inadequate performance, particularly in terms of overall ACC, MCC, and AUC. In this paper, we report a novel deep learning-based predictor to overcome these performance hurdles, DeepPPSite, which was constructed using a stacked long short-term memory recurrent network for predicting phosphorylation sites. The proposed technique expediently learns the protein representations from conjoint protein descriptors. The experimental results indicated that our model achieved superior performance on the training dataset for S, T and Y, with MCC values of 0.608, 0.602, and 0.558, respectively, using a 10-fold cross-validation test. We further determined the generalization efficacy of the proposed predictor DeepPPSite by conducting a rigorous independent test. The predictive MCC values were 0.358, 0.356, and 0.350 for the S, T, and Y phosphorylation sites, respectively. Rigorous cross-validation and independent validation tests for the three types of phosphorylation sites demonstrated that the designed DeepPPSite tool significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Ahmed
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Muhammad Kabir
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Muhammad Arif
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Zaheer Ullah Khan
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China.
| | - Dong-Jun Yu
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
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18
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Baranova J, Dragunas G, Botellho MCS, Ayub ALP, Bueno-Alves R, Alencar RR, Papaiz DD, Sogayar MC, Ulrich H, Correa RG. Autism Spectrum Disorder: Signaling Pathways and Prospective Therapeutic Targets. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2020; 41:619-649. [PMID: 32468442 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00882-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) consists of a prevalent and heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental diseases representing a severe burden to affected individuals and their caretakers. Despite substantial improvement towards understanding of ASD etiology and pathogenesis, as well as increased social awareness and more intensive research, no effective drugs have been successfully developed to resolve the main and most cumbersome ASD symptoms. Hence, finding better treatments, which may act as "disease-modifying" agents, and novel biomarkers for earlier ASD diagnosis and disease stage determination are needed. Diverse mutations of core components and consequent malfunctions of several cell signaling pathways have already been found in ASD by a series of experimental platforms, including genetic associations analyses and studies utilizing pre-clinical animal models and patient samples. These signaling cascades govern a broad range of neurological features such as neuronal development, neurotransmission, metabolism, and homeostasis, as well as immune regulation and inflammation. Here, we review the current knowledge on signaling pathways which are commonly disrupted in ASD and autism-related conditions. As such, we further propose ways to translate these findings into the development of genetic and biochemical clinical tests for early autism detection. Moreover, we highlight some putative druggable targets along these pathways, which, upon further research efforts, may evolve into novel therapeutic interventions for certain ASD conditions. Lastly, we also refer to the crosstalk among these major signaling cascades as well as their putative implications in therapeutics. Based on this collective information, we believe that a timely and accurate modulation of these prominent pathways may shape the neurodevelopment and neuro-immune regulation of homeostatic patterns and, hopefully, rescue some (if not all) ASD phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Baranova
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes 748, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Dragunas
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes 1524, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Mayara C S Botellho
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes 748, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Luisa P Ayub
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Pedro de Toledo 669, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, 04039-032, Brazil
| | - Rebeca Bueno-Alves
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes 748, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Rebeca R Alencar
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes 748, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Debora D Papaiz
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Pedro de Toledo 669, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, 04039-032, Brazil
| | - Mari C Sogayar
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes 748, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.,Cell and Molecular Therapy Center, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Rua Pangaré 100 (Edifício NUCEL), Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05360-130, Brazil
| | - Henning Ulrich
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes 748, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Ricardo G Correa
- NCI-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
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19
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Li F, Fan C, Marquez-Lago TT, Leier A, Revote J, Jia C, Zhu Y, Smith AI, Webb GI, Liu Q, Wei L, Li J, Song J. PRISMOID: a comprehensive 3D structure database for post-translational modifications and mutations with functional impact. Brief Bioinform 2020; 21:1069-1079. [PMID: 31161204 PMCID: PMC7299293 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbz050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) play very important roles in various cell signaling pathways and biological process. Due to PTMs' extremely important roles, many major PTMs have been studied, while the functional and mechanical characterization of major PTMs is well documented in several databases. However, most currently available databases mainly focus on protein sequences, while the real 3D structures of PTMs have been largely ignored. Therefore, studies of PTMs 3D structural signatures have been severely limited by the deficiency of the data. Here, we develop PRISMOID, a novel publicly available and free 3D structure database for a wide range of PTMs. PRISMOID represents an up-to-date and interactive online knowledge base with specific focus on 3D structural contexts of PTMs sites and mutations that occur on PTMs and in the close proximity of PTM sites with functional impact. The first version of PRISMOID encompasses 17 145 non-redundant modification sites on 3919 related protein 3D structure entries pertaining to 37 different types of PTMs. Our entry web page is organized in a comprehensive manner, including detailed PTM annotation on the 3D structure and biological information in terms of mutations affecting PTMs, secondary structure features and per-residue solvent accessibility features of PTM sites, domain context, predicted natively disordered regions and sequence alignments. In addition, high-definition JavaScript packages are employed to enhance information visualization in PRISMOID. PRISMOID equips a variety of interactive and customizable search options and data browsing functions; these capabilities allow users to access data via keyword, ID and advanced options combination search in an efficient and user-friendly way. A download page is also provided to enable users to download the SQL file, computational structural features and PTM sites' data. We anticipate PRISMOID will swiftly become an invaluable online resource, assisting both biologists and bioinformaticians to conduct experiments and develop applications supporting discovery efforts in the sequence-structural-functional relationship of PTMs and providing important insight into mutations and PTM sites interaction mechanisms. The PRISMOID database is freely accessible at http://prismoid.erc.monash.edu/. The database and web interface are implemented in MySQL, JSP, JavaScript and HTML with all major browsers supported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyi Li
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Monash Centre for Data Science, Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Cunshuo Fan
- College of Information Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Tatiana T Marquez-Lago
- Department of Genetics and Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - André Leier
- Department of Genetics and Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jerico Revote
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cangzhi Jia
- College of Science, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yan Zhu
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - A Ian Smith
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Geoffrey I Webb
- Monash Centre for Data Science, Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Quanzhong Liu
- College of Information Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Leyi Wei
- School of Computer Science and Technology, College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jian Li
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jiangning Song
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Monash Centre for Data Science, Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Pelaia C, Vatrella A, Crimi C, Gallelli L, Terracciano R, Pelaia G. Clinical relevance of understanding mitogen-activated protein kinases involved in asthma. Expert Rev Respir Med 2020; 14:501-510. [PMID: 32098546 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2020.1735365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are a large family of evolutionary conserved intracellular enzymes that play a pivotal role in signaling pathways mediating the biologic actions of a wide array of extracellular stimuli.Areas covered: MAPKs are implicated in most pathogenic events involved in asthma, including both inflammatory and structural changes occurring in the airways. Indeed, MAPKs are located at the level of crucial convergence points within the signal transduction networks activated by many cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and other inducers of bronchial inflammation and remodeling such as immunoglobulin E (IgE) and oxidative stress.Expert opinion: Therefore, given the growing importance of MAPKs in asthma pathobiology, these signaling enzymes are emerging as key intracellular pathways whose upstream activation can be inhibited by biological drugs such as anti-cytokines and anti-IgE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corrado Pelaia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vatrella
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Claudia Crimi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Luca Gallelli
- Department of Health Science, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rosa Terracciano
- Department of Health Science, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Girolamo Pelaia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
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Abstract
Aims:Post-Translational Modifications (PTMs), which include more than 450 types, can be regarded as the fundamental cellular regulation.Background:Recently, experiments demonstrated that the lysine malonylation modification is a significant process in several organisms and cells. Meanwhile, malonylation plays an important role in the regulation of protein subcellular localization, stability, translocation to lipid rafts and many other protein functions.Objective:Identification of malonylation will contribute to understanding the molecular mechanism in the field of biology. Nevertheless, several existing experimental approaches, which can hardly meet the need of the high speed data generation, are expensive and time-consuming. Moreover, some machine learning methods can hardly meet the high-accuracy need in this issue.Methods:In this study, we proposed a method, named MSIT that means malonylation sites identification tree, utilized the amino acid residues and profile information to identify the lysine malonylation sites with the tree structural neural network in the peptides sequence level.Methods:The proposed algorithm can get 0.8699 of F1 score and 89.34% in true positive ratio in E. coli. MSIT outperformed existing malonylation site identification methods and features on different species datasets.Conclusion:Based on these measures, it can be demonstrated that MSIT will be helpful in identifying candidate malonylation sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzheng Bao
- School of Information and Electrical Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou 221018, China
| | - De-Shuang Huang
- Institute of Machine Learning and Systems Biology, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Yue-Hui Chen
- School of Information, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
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Li F, Li C, Marquez-Lago TT, Leier A, Akutsu T, Purcell AW, Ian Smith A, Lithgow T, Daly RJ, Song J, Chou KC. Quokka: a comprehensive tool for rapid and accurate prediction of kinase family-specific phosphorylation sites in the human proteome. Bioinformatics 2019; 34:4223-4231. [PMID: 29947803 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/bty522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Motivation Kinase-regulated phosphorylation is a ubiquitous type of post-translational modification (PTM) in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Phosphorylation plays fundamental roles in many signalling pathways and biological processes, such as protein degradation and protein-protein interactions. Experimental studies have revealed that signalling defects caused by aberrant phosphorylation are highly associated with a variety of human diseases, especially cancers. In light of this, a number of computational methods aiming to accurately predict protein kinase family-specific or kinase-specific phosphorylation sites have been established, thereby facilitating phosphoproteomic data analysis. Results In this work, we present Quokka, a novel bioinformatics tool that allows users to rapidly and accurately identify human kinase family-regulated phosphorylation sites. Quokka was developed by using a variety of sequence scoring functions combined with an optimized logistic regression algorithm. We evaluated Quokka based on well-prepared up-to-date benchmark and independent test datasets, curated from the Phospho.ELM and UniProt databases, respectively. The independent test demonstrates that Quokka improves the prediction performance compared with state-of-the-art computational tools for phosphorylation prediction. In summary, our tool provides users with high-quality predicted human phosphorylation sites for hypothesis generation and biological validation. Availability and implementation The Quokka webserver and datasets are freely available at http://quokka.erc.monash.edu/. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyi Li
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Chen Li
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tatiana T Marquez-Lago
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - André Leier
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Tatsuya Akutsu
- Bioinformatics Center, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Anthony W Purcell
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - A Ian Smith
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Trevor Lithgow
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Roger J Daly
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Jiangning Song
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Monash Centre for Data Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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Phase 1b investigation of the MEK inhibitor binimetinib in patients with advanced or metastatic biliary tract cancer. Invest New Drugs 2018; 36:1037-1043. [PMID: 29785570 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-018-0600-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background The MAPK pathway plays a central role in regulation of several cellular processes, and its dysregulation is a hallmark of biliary tract cancer (BTC). Binimetinib (MEK162), a potent, selective oral MEK1/2 inhibitor, was assessed in patients with advanced BTC. Patients and Methods An expansion cohort study in patients who received ≤1 line of therapy for advanced BTC was conducted after determination of the maximum tolerated dose in this Phase 1 trial. Patients received binimetinib 60 mg twice daily. The primary objectives were to characterize the safety profile and pharmacokinetics of binimetinib in advanced BTC. Secondary objectives included assessment of clinical efficacy, changes in weight and lean body mass, and pharmacodynamic effects. Tumor samples were assessed for mutations in relevant genes. Results Twenty-eight patients received binimetinib. Common adverse events (AEs) were mild, with rash (82%) and nausea (54%) being most common. Two patients experienced grade 4 AEs, one generalized edema and the other pulmonary embolism. The pharmacokinetics in this patient population were consistent with those previously reported (Bendell JC et al., Br J Cancer 2017;116:575-583). Twelve patients (43%) experienced stable disease and two had objective responses (1 complete response, 1 partial response) per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors and stable metabolic disease by positron emission tomography/computed tomography. Most patients (18/25; 72%) did not have KRAS, BRAF, NRAS, PI3KCA, or PTEN mutations, nor was there correlation between mutation status and response. The average non-fluid weight gain was 1.3% for lean muscle and 4.7% for adipose tissue. Conclusion Binimetinib was well tolerated and showed promising evidence of activity in patients with BTC. Correlative studies suggested the potential for binimetinib to promote muscle gain in patients with BTC.
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Facile synthesis of Fmoc-protected phosphonate pSer mimetic and its application in assembling a substrate peptide of 14-3-3 ζ. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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25
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Queisser N, Schupp N, Schwarz E, Hartmann C, Mackenzie GG, Oteiza PI. Aldosterone activates the oncogenic signals ERK1/2 and STAT3 via redox‐regulated mechanisms. Mol Carcinog 2017; 56:1868-1883. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.22643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Queisser
- Institute of Toxicology, Medical FacultyUniversity of DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
- Department of NutritionUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCalifornia
| | - Nicole Schupp
- Institute of Toxicology, Medical FacultyUniversity of DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Eva Schwarz
- Institute of Toxicology, Medical FacultyUniversity of DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Christina Hartmann
- Institute of Toxicology, Medical FacultyUniversity of DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | | | - Patricia I. Oteiza
- Department of NutritionUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCalifornia
- Department of Environmental ToxicologyUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCalifornia
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Bendell JC, Javle M, Bekaii-Saab TS, Finn RS, Wainberg ZA, Laheru DA, Weekes CD, Tan BR, Khan GN, Zalupski MM, Infante JR, Jones S, Papadopoulos KP, Tolcher AW, Chavira RE, Christy-Bittel JL, Barrett E, Patnaik A. A phase 1 dose-escalation and expansion study of binimetinib (MEK162), a potent and selective oral MEK1/2 inhibitor. Br J Cancer 2017; 116:575-583. [PMID: 28152546 PMCID: PMC5344293 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Binimetinib (MEK162; ARRY-438162) is a potent and selective oral MEK 1/2 inhibitor. This phase 1 study determined the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), safety, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles, and preliminary anti-tumour activity of binimetinib in patients with advanced solid tumours, with expansion cohorts of patients with biliary cancer or KRAS- or BRAF-mutant colorectal cancer. METHODS Binimetinib was administered twice daily. Expansion cohorts were enroled after MTD determination following a 3+3 dose-escalation design. Pharmacokinetic properties were determined from plasma samples. Tumour samples were assessed for mutations in RAS, RAF, and other relevant genes. Pharmacodynamic properties were evaluated in serum and skin punch biopsy samples. RESULTS Ninety-three patients received binimetinib (dose-escalation phase, 19; expansion, 74). The MTD was 60 mg twice daily, with dose-limiting adverse events (AEs) of dermatitis acneiform and chorioretinopathy. The dose for expansion patients was subsequently decreased to 45 mg twice daily because of the frequency of treatment-related ocular toxicity at the MTD. Common AEs across all dose levels included rash (81%), nausea (56%), vomiting (52%), diarrhoea (51%), peripheral oedema (46%), and fatigue (43%); most were grade 1/2. Dose-proportional increases in binimetinib exposure were observed and target inhibition was demonstrated in serum and skin punch biopsy samples. Three patients with biliary cancer had objective responses (one complete and two partial). CONCLUSIONS Binimetinib demonstrated a manageable safety profile, target inhibition, and dose-proportional exposure. The 45 mg twice daily dose was identified as the recommended phase 2 dose. The three objective responses in biliary cancer patients are encouraging and support further evaluation in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna C Bendell
- Drug Development Program, Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, 250 25th Avenue North, Suite 200, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Milind Javle
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit Number: 426, Room Number: FC10.3062, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tanios S Bekaii-Saab
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 5777 East Mayo Boulevard, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA
| | - Richard S Finn
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 2825 Santa Monica Boulevard, Suite 200, Santa Monica, CA 90404, USA
| | - Zev A Wainberg
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 2825 Santa Monica Boulevard, Suite 200, Santa Monica, CA 90404, USA
| | - Daniel A Laheru
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, 2825 Santa Monica Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 90404, USA
| | - Colin D Weekes
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 12801 East 17th Avenue, RC1 South, Room 8123, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Benjamin R Tan
- Department of Medicine, Oncology Division, Washington University, School of Medicine, 14th Floor Northwest Tower, Division of Oncology, Campus Box 8056, 660 South Euclid Ave, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Gazala N Khan
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Henry Ford Health System, 2799 West Grand Boulevard, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Mark M Zalupski
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, SPC 5912, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Infante
- Drug Development Program, Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, 250 25th Avenue North, Suite 200, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Suzanne Jones
- Drug Development Program, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, 3322 West End Avenue, Suite 900, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Kyriakos P Papadopoulos
- Clinical Research, South Texas Accelerated Research Therapeutics (START), 4383 Medical Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Anthony W Tolcher
- Clinical Research, South Texas Accelerated Research Therapeutics (START), 4383 Medical Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Renae E Chavira
- Clinical Development, Array BioPharma Inc., 3200 Walnut Street, Boulder, CO 80301, USA
| | | | - Emma Barrett
- Clinical Development, Array BioPharma Inc., 3200 Walnut Street, Boulder, CO 80301, USA
| | - Amita Patnaik
- Clinical Research, South Texas Accelerated Research Therapeutics (START), 4383 Medical Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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Malemud CJ, Lewis AC, Wylie MA, Meszaros EC, Skomorovska-Prokvolit Y, Mesiano S. U0126, an Inhibitor of MEK1/2, Increases Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-Induced Apoptosis, but not Interleukin-6 Induced Apoptosis in C-28/I2 Human Chondrocytes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 1. [PMID: 26855970 DOI: 10.21767/2471-8153.100004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activation of the SAPK/MAPK signaling pathway by pro-inflammatory cytokines is known to induce apoptosis in cultured articular chondrocytes. C-28/I2, an immortalized human juvenile chondrocyte cell line was employed to determine the extent to which recombinant human (rh) forms of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-α (rhTNF-α,), interleukin-6 (rhIL-6) and oncostatin M (rhOSM) induced apoptosis. METHODS The induction of apoptosis in the presence or absence of these cytokines was measured by the DAPI/TUNEL assay, by whether or not pro-caspase-3 was activated and by the extent to which poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) was degraded. FINDINGS Only rhTNF-α, and rhIL-6 significantly increased apoptosis in C-28/I2 chondrocytes, although rhOSM exhibited a strong trend (p=0.067) towards increasing the frequency of apoptotic chondrocytes. The number of apoptotic C28/I2 chondrocytes was significantly increased (p=1.3 × 10-5) by the combination of rhTNF-α and U0126 (10 μM) compared to rhTNF-α alone. However apoptosis was not further increased by combining rhIL-6 with U0126. The LI-COR® western blot system showed that U0126 (10 μM) inhibited the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase-2 (p-ERK2) by phorbol myristate acetate-treated immortalized myometrial cells, U0126 (10 μM) did not alter total U-ERK2. Western blot analysis also revealed that the increased frequency of apoptotic C-28/I2 chondrocytes induced by rhTNF-α and rhOSM, but not rhIL-6, was associated with PARP degradation. However, none of the cytokines resulted in pro-caspase-3 activation. CONCLUSION These results showed that rhTNF-α and rhIL-6 were strong inducers of apoptosis in the immortalized C-28/I2 human chondrocyte cell line. They also suggested that inhibiting ERK2 phosphorylation via U0126-mediated inhibition of MEK1/2 activity, increased rhTNF-α-induced C-28/I2 chondrocyte apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles J Malemud
- Arthritis Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatic Diseases; Department of Anatomy, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106 USA
| | - Aaron C Lewis
- Arthritis Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatic Diseases
| | - Meredith A Wylie
- Arthritis Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatic Diseases
| | - Evan C Meszaros
- Arthritis Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatic Diseases
| | | | - Sam Mesiano
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106 USA
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Ruiz-Medina BE, Ross JA, Kirken RA. Interleukin-2 Receptor β Thr-450 Phosphorylation Is a Positive Regulator for Receptor Complex Stability and Activation of Signaling Molecules. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:20972-20983. [PMID: 26152718 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.660654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
T, B, and natural killer cells are required for normal immune response and are regulated by cytokines such as IL-2. These cell signals are propagated following receptor-ligand engagement, controlling recruitment and activation of effector proteins. The IL-2 receptor β subunit (IL-2Rβ) serves in this capacity and is known to be phosphorylated. Tyrosine phosphorylation of the β chain has been studied extensively. However, the identification and putative regulatory roles for serine and threonine phosphorylation sites have yet to be fully characterized. Using LC-MS/MS and phosphospecific antibodies, a novel IL-2/IL-15 inducible IL-2Rβ phosphorylation site (Thr-450) was identified. IL-2 phosphokinetic analysis revealed that phosphorylation of IL-2Rβ Thr-450 is rapid (2.5 min), transient (peaks at 15 min), and protracted compared with receptor tyrosine phosphorylation and occurs in multiple cell types, including primary human lymphocytes. Pharmacological and siRNA-mediated inhibition of various serine/threonine kinases revealed ERK1/2 as a positive regulator, whereas purified protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), dephosphorylated Thr-450 in vitro. Reconstitution assays demonstrated that Thr-450 is important for regulating IL-2R complex formation, recruitment of JAK3, and activation of AKT and ERK1/2 and a transcriptionally active STAT5. These results provide the first evidence of the identification and functional characterization for threonine phosphorylation of an interleukin receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca E Ruiz-Medina
- Department of Biological Sciences and Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968
| | - Jeremy A Ross
- Department of Biological Sciences and Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968
| | - Robert A Kirken
- Department of Biological Sciences and Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968.
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Yang X, Friedl A. A positive feedback loop between prolactin and STAT5 promotes angiogenesis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015; 846:265-80. [PMID: 25472543 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-12114-7_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The signal transduction events that orchestrate cellular activities required for angiogenesis remain incompletely understood. We and others recently described that proangiogenic mediators such as fibroblast growth factors can activate members of the signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) family. STAT5 activation is necessary and sufficient to induce migration, invasion and tube formation of endothelial cells. STAT5 effects on endothelial cells require the secretion of the prolactin (PRL) family member proliferin-1 (PLF1) in mice and PRL in humans. In human endothelial cells, PRL activates the PRL receptor (PRLR) resulting in MAPK and STAT5 activation, thus closing a positive feedback loop. In vivo, endothelial cell-derived PRL is expected to combine with PRL of tumor cell and pituitary origin to raise the concentration of this polypeptide hormone in the tumor microenvironment. Thus, PRL may stimulate tumor angiogenesis via autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine pathways. The disruption of tumor angiogenesis by interfering with PRL signaling may offer an attractive target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhai Yang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, 6051 WIMR, MC-2275, 1111 Highland Avenue, 53705, Madison, WI, USA,
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Abstract
The succession of protein activation and deactivation mediated by phosphorylation and dephosphorylation events constitutes a key mechanism of molecular information transfer in cellular systems. To deduce the details of those molecular information cascades and networks has been a central goal pursued by both experimental and computational approaches. Many computational network reconstruction methods employing an array of different statistical learning methods have been developed to infer phosphorylation networks based on different types of molecular data sets such as protein sequence, protein structure, or phosphoproteomics data. In this chapter, different computational network inference methods and resources for biological network reconstruction with a particular focus on phosphorylation networks are surveyed.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW BRAF and NRAS mutations can exert an oncogenic effect and are a target for novel therapeutic strategies. Selective MEK inhibitors inhibit growth and induce cell death in BRAF and NRAS mutated melanoma cell lines. The first MEK inhibitor (trametinib) has recently been approved for the treatment of BRAF-mutated metastatic melanoma not previously treated with BRAF inhibitors and several more are in clinical development. RECENT FINDINGS MEK inhibition is associated with improved response rate, progression-free survival, and overall survival in patients with BRAF-mutated metastatic melanoma. Less clinical benefit has been observed in patients previously treated with a BRAF inhibitor compared with BRAF-inhibitor-naïve patients. Data also suggest clinical activity in patients with NRAS-mutated melanoma. Combination therapy with a BRAF inhibitor may improve the efficacy and reduce BRAF-inhibition-associated side effects. SUMMARY MEK inhibitors represent a new treatment option in BRAF and NRAS mutated melanoma. As monotherapy, MEK inhibitors appear to provide minimal benefit in patients previously treated with a BRAF inhibitor, so they should be reserved for BRAF-inhibitor-naïve patients. Combined BRAF and MEK inhibition seems to provide a greater benefit than BRAF inhibitor monotherapy. MEK inhibition has also shown efficacy in NRAS-mutated patients, for whom there is no specific targeted therapy.
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Abstract
Until recently, melanoma represented a significant clinical challenge to oncologists. However, the approval in 2011 of ipilimumab, an anti-CTLA4 monoclonal antibody, and vemurafenib, a BRAF inhibitor, completely changed melanoma management, with both drugs being shown to improve overall survival. The advent of these two drugs, together with the ongoing development of other targeted agents (e.g., MEK inhibitors) and immunotherapeutic compounds (e.g., anti-PD-L1), is providing the opportunity to trial new combination or sequential therapy approaches. Combined approaches of these new agents with surgery, radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy are also being assessed. Targeted agents in combination or in sequence with new immunotherapeutic compounds may represent the future, not only for the treatment of melanoma, but also for the treatment of cancer in general.
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Jin Jung K, Hyun Kim D, Kyeong Lee E, Woo Song C, Pal Yu B, Young Chung H. Oxidative stress induces inactivation of protein phosphatase 2A, promoting proinflammatory NF-κB in aged rat kidney. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 61:206-17. [PMID: 23583701 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Revised: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The molecular inflammation hypothesis of aging proposes that redox dysregulation causes an age-related activation of NF-κB and its signaling to upregulate various proinflammatory genes. In the present study, we focused on the inactive form of the protein phosphastase 2A (PP2A). More specifically, we aimed to define the correlation between PP2A inactivation and NF-κB activation by age-related oxidative stress. Experimentations were designed to determine the effect of oxidative stress-induced PP2A inactivation on NF-κB activity, utilizing prooxidants t-BHP and AAPH, the PTP inhibitor Na3VO4, and the PP2A inhibitor Calyculin A and PP2A siRNA, in HEK293T cells. We also assessed the phosphorylation of PP2A catalytic subunit (PP2Ac) and the activities of PP2A and NF-κB in aged rat kidney, utilizing aging-retarding 40% calorie restriction (CR) -60% of food intake and inflammation-triggering LPS paradigms. Results revealed that an oxidative stress-induced PTK/PTP imbalance led to phosphorylation of PP2Ac, following exposures to t-BHP, AAPH, and Na3VO4 in HEK293T cells. Subsequently, we found that Calyculin A and PP2A siRNA activates NIK/IKK and MAPKs, leading to upregulation of NF-κB and its dependent oxidative stress. Also, the contrasting relation between PP2A inactivation and NF-κB activation was confirmed by AAPH-induced oxidative status in mice, and non-induced normal status or LPS-induced inflammatory status in aged rats while the antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging effects of CR significantly blunted these actions. Thus, we present evidence that PP2A inactivation via PTK/PTP imbalance provoked by oxidative stress causes NF-κB activation, which contributes to the accumulation of oxidative stress in aged rat kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Jin Jung
- Analytical Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Yuseong, Daejeon 305-343, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Hyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyeong Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea; Division of Radiation Effect, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 139-706, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Woo Song
- Analytical Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Yuseong, Daejeon 305-343, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Pal Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea; Department of Physiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Hae Young Chung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea.
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Bunda S, Kang MW, Sybingco SS, Weng J, Favre H, Shin DH, Irwin MS, Loh ML, Ohh M. Inhibition of SRC corrects GM-CSF hypersensitivity that underlies juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia. Cancer Res 2013; 73:2540-50. [PMID: 23400592 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-12-3425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) is an aggressive myeloproliferative neoplasm in children characterized by the overproduction of monocytic cells that infiltrate the spleen, lung, and liver. JMML remains a disease for which few curative therapies are available other than myeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT); however, relapse remains a major cause of treatment failure and the long-term morbidities of HSCT for survivors are substantial. A hallmark feature of JMML is acquired hypersensitivity by clonal myeloid progenitor cells to granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) via a largely unknown mechanism. Here, we identify c-Cbl (henceforth referred to as Cbl) as a GM-CSF receptor (GMR) adaptor protein that targets Src for ubiquitin-mediated destruction upon GM-CSF stimulation and show that a loss of negative regulation of Src is pivotal in the hyperactivation of GMR signaling in Cbl-mutated JMML cells. Notably, dasatinib, an U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved multikinase inhibitor that also targets Src family, dramatically attenuated the spontaneous and GM-CSF-induced hypersensitive growth phenotype of mononuclear cells from peripheral blood and bone marrow collected from JMML patients harboring Cbl or other known JMML-associated mutations. These findings reveal Src kinase as a critical oncogenic driver underlying JMML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Severa Bunda
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Wu X, Guo W, Wu L, Gu Y, Gu L, Xu S, Wu X, Shen Y, Ke Y, Tan R, Sun Y, Xu Q. Selective sequestration of STAT1 in the cytoplasm via phosphorylated SHP-2 ameliorates murine experimental colitis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 189:3497-507. [PMID: 22942432 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1201006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The side effects of current immunosuppressive drugs have impeded the development of therapies for immune diseases. Selective regulation of STAT signaling is an attractive strategy for treating immune disorders. In this study, we used a small-molecule compound to explore possible means of targeting STAT1 for the treatment of Th1-mediated inflammation. Selective regulation of STAT1 signaling in T cells from C57BL/6 mice was accomplished using fusaruside, a small-molecule compound that triggers the tyrosine phosphorylation of Src homology 2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHP-2). The interaction of tyrosine phosphorylated SHP-2 (pY-SHP-2) with cytosolic STAT1 prevented the recruitment of STAT1 to IFN-γR and specifically inhibited STAT1 signaling, resulting in a reduction in Th1 cytokine production and an improvement in 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis in mice. Blocking the pY-SHP-2-STAT1 interaction, with SHP-2 inhibitor NSC-87877 or using T cells from conditional SHP-2 knockout mice, reversed the effects of fusaruside, resulting in STAT1 activation and worsened colitis. The fusaruside-induced ability of pY-SHP-2 to selectively sequestrate STAT1 from recruitment to the receptor is independent of its function as a phosphatase, demonstrating a novel role for SHP-2 in regulating both STAT1 signaling and Th1-type immune responses. These findings could lead to increased options for the treatment of Crohn's disease and other Th1-mediated inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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Abstract
The Ras/Raf/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway is often implicated in sensitivity and resistance to leukemia therapy. Dysregulated signaling through the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway is often the result of genetic alterations in critical components in this pathway as well as mutations at upstream growth factor receptors. Unrestricted leukemia proliferation and decreased sensitivity to apoptotic-inducing agents and chemoresistance are typically associated with activation of pro-survival pathways. Mutations in this pathway and upstream signaling molecules can alter sensitivity to small molecule inhibitors targeting components of this cascade as well as to inhibitors targeting other key pathways (for example, phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)) activated in leukemia. Similarly, PI3K mutations can result in resistance to inhibitors targeting the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway, indicating important interaction points between the pathways (cross-talk). Furthermore, the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway can be activated by chemotherapeutic drugs commonly used in leukemia therapy. This review discusses the mechanisms by which abnormal expression of the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway can contribute to drug resistance as well as resistance to targeted leukemia therapy. Controlling the expression of this pathway could improve leukemia therapy and ameliorate human health.
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Protein tyrosine phosphatase interacting protein 51--a jack-of-all-trades protein. Cell Tissue Res 2011; 344:189-205. [PMID: 21369858 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-011-1146-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2010] [Accepted: 02/05/2011] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatase interacting protein 51 (PTPIP51) interacts both in vitro and in vivo with PTP1B, a protein tyrosine phosphatase involved in cellular regulation. PTPIP51 is known to be expressed in many different types of tissues. It is involved in cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Nevertheless, the exact cellular function of PTPIP51 is still unknown. The present review summarizes our current knowledge of the PTPIP51 gene and its mRNA and protein structure.
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Endogenous oncogenic Nras mutation promotes aberrant GM-CSF signaling in granulocytic/monocytic precursors in a murine model of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Blood 2010; 116:5991-6002. [PMID: 20921338 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2010-04-281527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncogenic NRAS mutations are frequently identified in myeloid diseases involving monocyte lineage. However, its role in the genesis of these diseases remains elusive. We report a mouse bone marrow transplantation model harboring an oncogenic G12D mutation in the Nras locus. Approximately 95% of recipient mice develop a myeloproliferative disease resembling the myeloproliferative variant of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), with a prolonged latency and acquisition of multiple genetic alterations, including uniparental disomy of oncogenic Nras allele. Based on single-cell profiling of phospho-proteins, a novel population of CMML cells is identified to display aberrant granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) signaling in both the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (Stat5) pathways. This abnormal signaling is acquired during CMML development. Further study suggests that aberrant Ras/ERK signaling leads to expansion of granulocytic/monocytic precursors, which are highly responsive to GM-CSF. Hyperactivation of Stat5 in CMML cells is mainly through expansion of these precursors rather than up-regulation of surface expression of GM-CSF receptors. Our results provide insights into the aberrant cytokine signaling in oncogenic NRAS-associated myeloid diseases.
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Friedle SA, Brautigam VM, Nikodemova M, Wright ML, Watters JJ. The P2X7-Egr pathway regulates nucleotide-dependent inflammatory gene expression in microglia. Glia 2010; 59:1-13. [PMID: 20878769 DOI: 10.1002/glia.21071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2010] [Accepted: 08/09/2010] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Microglial hyperactivity contributes to neuronal damage resulting from CNS injury and disease. Therefore, a better understanding of endogenous microglial receptor systems that can be exploited to modulate their inflammatory functions is important if better, neuroprotective therapeutics are to be designed. Previous studies from our lab and others have demonstrated that the P2X7 purinergic receptor agonist BzATP attenuates microglial inflammatory mediator production stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), suggesting that purinergic receptors may be one such receptor system that can be used for manipulating microglial activation. However, although P2X7 receptor activation is well recognized to regulate processing and release of cytokines, little is known concerning its role in regulating the transcription of inflammatory genes, nor the molecular mechanisms underlying these transcriptional effects. In the present studies, we identify that the transcription factors early growth response (Egr)-1, -2 and -3 are downstream signaling targets of P2X7 receptors in microglia, and that their activation is sensitive to MEK and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitors. Moreover, using RNAi, we demonstrate that Egr factors and P2X7 receptors are necessary for BzATP-mediated attenuation of iNOS, and stimulation of TNF-α and IL-6 gene expression. BzATP also attenuates neuronal death induced by LPS conditioned medium, and P2X7 receptors are required for this effect. These studies are the first to identify Egr factors as regulators of inflammatory gene expression following P2X7 receptor activation, and suggest that P2X7 receptors may utilize the MAPK-Egr pathway to exert differential effects on microglial inflammatory activities which are beneficial to neuron survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Friedle
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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Inhibition of PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK pathways causes activation of FOXO transcription factor, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in pancreatic cancer. J Mol Signal 2010; 5:10. [PMID: 20642839 PMCID: PMC2915986 DOI: 10.1186/1750-2187-5-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2010] [Accepted: 07/19/2010] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mammalian forkhead members of the class O (FOXO) transcription factors, including FOXO1, FOXO3a, and FOXO4, are implicated in the regulation of several biological processes, including the stress resistance, metabolism, cell cycle, apoptosis and DNA repair. The objectives of this study were to examine the molecular mechanisms by which FOXO transcription factors induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis and enhanced anti-proliferative effects of sulforaphane (SFN, an active compound in cruciferous vegetables) in pancreatic cancer cells. Results Our data demonstrated that SFN inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation, and induced apoptosis through caspase-3 activation in pancreatic cancer cells. The inhibition of PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK pathways activated FOXO transcription factors. SFN inhibited phosphorylation of AKT and ERK, and activated FOXO transcription factors, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Phosphorylation deficient mutants of FOXO proteins enhanced FOXO transcriptional activity, and further enhanced SFN-induced FOXO activity and apoptosis. SFN induced the expression of p21/CIP1 and p27/KIP1, and inhibited the expression of cyclin D1. Conclusion These data suggest that inhibition of PI3K/AKT and ERK pathways acts together to activate FOXO transcription factor and enhances SFN-induced FOXO transcriptional activity, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.
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Cisplatin induces apoptosis through the ERK-p66shc pathway in renal proximal tubule cells. Cancer Lett 2010; 297:165-70. [PMID: 20547441 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2010.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2010] [Revised: 05/11/2010] [Accepted: 05/18/2010] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) has been shown to mediate cisplatin (CP)-induced toxicity to renal proximal tubule cells. Here, we demonstrate that ERK serves as the kinase that phosphorylates the pro-apoptotic p66shc protein at its Serine36 residue in CP-treated renal proximal tubule cells. Pharmacologic or dominant-negative inhibition of ERK mitigates cisplatin-induced Ser36 phosphorylation of p66shc. Overexpression of p66shc exacerbates while its knockdown or mutation of the Serine36 site to alanine ameliorates CP-induced nephrotoxicity in vitro. Since p66shc is Serine36 phosphorylated in the kidneys of mice after treatment with CP, a similar mechanism might exist in vivo.
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Chang MC, Chen YJ, Lee MY, Lin LD, Wang TM, Chan CP, Tsai YL, Wang CY, Lin BR, Jeng JH. Prostaglandin F2α stimulates MEK-ERK signalling but decreases the expression of alkaline phosphatase in dental pulp cells. Int Endod J 2010; 43:461-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2010.01699.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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McCubrey JA, Abrams SL, Stadelman K, Chappell WH, Lahair M, Ferland RA, Steelman LS. Targeting signal transduction pathways to eliminate chemotherapeutic drug resistance and cancer stem cells. ADVANCES IN ENZYME REGULATION 2009; 50:285-307. [PMID: 19895837 PMCID: PMC2862855 DOI: 10.1016/j.advenzreg.2009.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Gab1 transduces PI3K-mediated erythropoietin signals to the Erk pathway and regulates erythropoietin-dependent proliferation and survival of erythroid cells. Cell Signal 2009; 21:1775-83. [PMID: 19665053 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2009.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2009] [Revised: 07/28/2009] [Accepted: 07/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we examined the biological functions of Gab1 in erythropoietin receptor (EPOR)-mediated signaling in vivo. Knockdown of Gab1 by the introduction of the Gab1 siRNA expression vector into F-36P human erythroleukemia (F-36P-Gab1-siRNA) cells resulted in a reduction of cell proliferation and survival in response to EPO. EPO-induced activation of Erk1/2 but not of Akt was significantly suppressed in F-36P-Gab1-siRNA cells compared with mock-transfected F-36P cells. The co-immunoprecipitation experiments revealed an EPO-enhanced association of Gab1 with the Grb2-SOS1 complex and SHP-2 in F-36P cells. A selective inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) LY294002 and short interfering RNA (siRNA) duplexes targeting the p85 regulatory subunit of PI3K (p85-siRNA) independently suppressed tyrosine phosphorylation of Gab1; its association with Grb2, SHP-2 and p85; and the activation of Erk in EPO-treated F-36P cells. LY294002 inhibited EPO-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of Gab1 and its association with Grb2 in human primary EPO-sensitive erythroid cells. The co-immunoprecipitation experiments using the Jak inhibitor AG490 or siRNA duplexes targeting Jak2 and in vitro binding experiments demonstrated that Jak2 regulated Gab1-mediated Erk activation through tyrosine phosphorylation of Gab1. Taken together, these results suggest that Gab1 couples PI3K-mediated EPO signals with the Ras/Erk pathway and that Gab1 plays an important role in EPOR-mediated signal transduction involved in the proliferation and survival of erythroid cells.
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Chang MC, Chang HH, Lee MY, Lin CC, Yeh HW, Yang TT, Lin PS, Tseng WY, Jeng JH. Prostaglandin F2α-Induced Interleukin-8 Production in Human Dental Pulp Cells Is Associated With MEK/ERK Signaling. J Endod 2009; 35:508-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2008.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2008] [Revised: 12/09/2008] [Accepted: 12/23/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Schröder K, Wandzioch K, Helmcke I, Brandes RP. Nox4 acts as a switch between differentiation and proliferation in preadipocytes. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2008; 29:239-45. [PMID: 19057021 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.108.174219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Insulin promotes differentiation of preadipocytes into adipocytes. Insulin also stimulates reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and the NADPH oxidases Nox1 and Nox4 are important sources of ROS. We determined in human and mouse preadipocytes whether Nox proteins contribute to ROS formation and differentiation in response to insulin. METHODS AND RESULTS The expression of Nox1 and Nox4 was increased during insulin-induced differentiation, and insulin increased ROS production. SiRNA against Nox4 but not Nox1 inhibited insulin-induced differentiation and ROS production but promoted proliferation. Nox4 overexpression yielded the opposite effect. As observed by siRNA and overexpression, Nox4 controlled the expression of MAP kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1), which reduces insulin-induced ERK1/2 activation. Consequently, downregulation of Nox4 promoted ERK1/2 signaling: Proliferation was increased and through phosphorylation of the inhibitory site serine612, ERK1/2 inhibited the activation of the insulin-receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) and thereby prevented differentiation in response to insulin. Inhibition of ERK1/2 or overexpression of MPK-1 promoted insulin-induced differentiation. Accordingly, insulin-induced proliferation was enhanced by siRNA against MKP-1, whereas inhibition of ERK1/2 or overexpression of MKP-1 attenuated proliferation. CONCLUSIONS Nox4 acts as a switch from insulin-induced proliferation to differentiation by controlling MKP-1 expression, which limits ERK1/2 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Schröder
- Institut für Kardiovaskuläre Physiologie, Goethe-Universität, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Steelman LS, Stadelman KM, Chappell WH, Horn S, Bäsecke J, Cervello M, Nicoletti F, Libra M, Stivala F, Martelli AM, McCubrey JA. Akt as a therapeutic target in cancer. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2008; 12:1139-65. [PMID: 18694380 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.12.9.1139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)/v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is central in the transmission of growth regulatory signals originating from cell surface receptors. OBJECTIVE This review discusses how mutations occur that result in elevated expression the PI3K/PTEN/Akt/mTOR pathway and lead to malignant transformation, and how effective targeting of this pathway may result in suppression of abnormal growth of cancer cells. METHODS We searched the literature for articles which dealt with altered expression of this pathway in various cancers including: hematopoietic, melanoma, non-small cell lung, pancreatic, endometrial and ovarian, breast, prostate and hepatocellular. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS The PI3K/PTEN/Akt/mTOR pathway is frequently aberrantly regulated in various cancers and targeting this pathway with small molecule inhibitors and may result in novel, more effective anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda S Steelman
- Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
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Feng Y, Yang Q, Xu J, Qian G, Liu Y. Effects of HMGB1 on PMN apoptosis during LPS-induced acute lung injury. Exp Mol Pathol 2008; 85:214-22. [PMID: 18952078 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2008.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2007] [Revised: 09/04/2008] [Accepted: 09/22/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the effects of intravenous injection of HMGB1 inhibitor sodium butyrate on changes in apoptosis of PMN during LPS-induced acute lung injury in rats and HMGB1 in vitro on human circulating PMN apoptosis, in order to clarify the role of HMGB1 in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury. METHODS (1) LPS-induced acute lung injury rat model was developed by LPS infusion. At different time-points after LPS challenge in the presence or absence of sodium butyrate (SB), the rat tissue sample, peripheral blood PMNs and BALF were collected. RT-PCR was applied to examining rat lung tissue HMGB1 mRNA expression level, and Western blotting analysis was adopted to determine expression of rat lung tissue HMGB1 protein. PMN apoptotic changes were determined by flow cytometric (FCM) analysis, Giemsa staining and TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) method. (2) Separated and purified human circulating PMN were coincubated for 24 h with different doses of HMGB1 (0, 10, 100, 1000 ng/ml, respectively) at 37 degrees C in 5% CO(2). PMN apoptosis rate was determined by flow cytometric (FCM) analysis and by TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) method. RESULTS (1) The percentage of apoptosis of PMN in rat model of LPS-induced ALI was gradually decreased as compared with that of normal control. The PMN apoptosis-initiation time and non-survival time in rat BALF prolonged significantly as compared with that of normal control. The injured rat lung tissue HMGB1 mRNA and protein expression was upregulated 6-24 h after LPS exposure; SB intervention significantly ameliorated the upregulation. In addition, the morphologic examination indicated that the edema severity and pathological changes of lung tissues were excessively aggravated in rats after LPS administration. By comparison, SB treatment diminished the severity of lung damage. Combined with lung HMGB1 expression level, the above changes indicate that the pathological changes of lung tissue were related to the injured lung HMGB1 expression, as well as apoptotic changes in PMN. (2) After coincubation of HMGB1 with human circulating PMNs, TUNEL and flow cytometry were performed. The study revealed that PMN apoptosis ratios was (40.53+/-4.12) % in control group (PMNs+RPMI 1640 medium), (19.05+/-2.44) % in LPS group (PMNs+RPMI 1640 medium+10 microg/ml LPS), (40.52+/-2.73) % in HMGB1-1 group (PMNs+RPMI 1640 medium+10 ng/ml HMGB1), (34.89+/-1.15) % in HMGB1-2 group (PMNs+RPMI 1640 medium+100 ng/ml HMGB1), and (18.77+/-3.02) % in HMGB1-3 group (PMNs+RPMI 1640 medium+1 000 ng/ml HMGB1). There was statistical significance. Meanwhile, PMN TUNEL positive rate was (31.42+/-4.40) %, (31.39+/-3.80) %, (25.62+/-2.46) %, and (17.98+/-3.20) % in control group, HMGB1-1 group, HMGB1-2 group and HMGB1-3 group, respectively. The inhibitory effect was HMGB1 dose-depended as compared with that of control group. CONCLUSION After LPS challenge, high expression of rats' lung HMGB1 mRNA occurs at a later phase, but keeps for a long time. Sodium butyrate (SB) treatment attenuated LPS-induced PMN apoptosis delay and inhibition, and down-regulated HMGB1 mRNA expression of injured lung. HMGB1 in vitro inhibited human circulating PMN apoptosis markedly, and the inhibitory effect was HMGB1 dose-depended. The results demonstrated that HMGB1 may play an important role as a modulator in apoptotic changes in PMN during LPS-induced ALI. It concludes that HMGB1 may contribute to the development of PMN apoptotic changes during LPS-induced acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingkai Feng
- Institute of Pathology, Southwest Hospital Affiliated to Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
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Kotecha N, Flores NJ, Irish JM, Simonds E, Sakai DS, Archambeault S, Diaz-Flores E, Coram M, Shannon KM, Nolan GP, Loh ML. Single-cell profiling identifies aberrant STAT5 activation in myeloid malignancies with specific clinical and biologic correlates. Cancer Cell 2008; 14:335-43. [PMID: 18835035 PMCID: PMC2647559 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2008.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2008] [Revised: 07/24/2008] [Accepted: 08/29/2008] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Progress in understanding the molecular pathogenesis of human myeloproliferative disorders (MPDs) has led to guidelines incorporating genetic assays with histopathology during diagnosis. Advances in flow cytometry have made it possible to simultaneously measure cell type and signaling abnormalities arising as a consequence of genetic pathologies. Using flow cytometry, we observed a specific evoked STAT5 signaling signature in a subset of samples from patients suspected of having juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML), an aggressive MPD with a challenging clinical presentation during active disease. This signature was a specific feature involving JAK-STAT signaling, suggesting a critical role of this pathway in the biological mechanism of this disorder and indicating potential targets for future therapies.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Cell Proliferation
- Cells, Cultured
- Child
- Disease Progression
- Flow Cytometry
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/metabolism
- Humans
- Janus Kinase 2/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Juvenile/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Juvenile/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Juvenile/pathology
- Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Juvenile/therapy
- Myeloproliferative Disorders/genetics
- Myeloproliferative Disorders/metabolism
- Myeloproliferative Disorders/pathology
- Myeloproliferative Disorders/therapy
- Neoplasm Staging
- Phosphorylation
- Recurrence
- STAT5 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Treatment Outcome
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikesh Kotecha
- Dept. of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305 USA
- Biomedical Informatics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305 USA
| | - Nikki J Flores
- Dept. of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94143 USA
| | - Jonathan M Irish
- Dept. of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305 USA
- Dept. of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305 USA
| | - Erin Simonds
- Dept. of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305 USA
| | - Debbie S. Sakai
- Dept. of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94143 USA
| | - Sophie Archambeault
- Dept. of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94143 USA
| | - Ernesto Diaz-Flores
- Dept. of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94143 USA
| | - Marc Coram
- BioStatistics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305 USA
| | - Kevin M Shannon
- Dept. of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94143 USA
- UCSF Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94143 USA
| | - Garry P Nolan
- Dept. of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305 USA
- Correspondence should be addressed to, M.L.L (), G.P.N. ()
| | - Mignon L Loh
- Dept. of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94143 USA
- UCSF Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94143 USA
- Correspondence should be addressed to, M.L.L (), G.P.N. ()
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Barbarroja N, Siendones E, Torres LA, Luque MJ, Martinez JM, Dorado G, Velasco F, Torres A, López-Pedrera C. MEK inhibition induces caspases activation, differentiation blockade and PML/RARα degradation in acute promyelocytic leukaemia. Br J Haematol 2008; 142:27-35. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2008.07154.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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