1
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Hsu YC, Chung YF, Chen MS, Wang CK, Jiang ST, Chiu IM. Establishing F1A-CreER T2 Mice to Trace Fgf1 Expression in Adult Mouse Cardiomyocytes. Cells 2021; 11:cells11010121. [PMID: 35011683 PMCID: PMC8749990 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) regulates many biological and physiological processes. In mice, Fgf1 gene contains at least three upstream promoters and are alternatively spliced to the first protein coding exon, giving rise to different Fgf1 mRNA variants (1A, 1B and 1G). Among them, the Fgf1A transcript is predominantly expressed in the heart. FGF1 can induce cardiomyocyte regeneration and cardiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Here, we generated a novel mouse line using the Fgf1A promoter (F1A) driving the expression of the inducible Cre recombinase (CreERT2). We firstly demonstrated that the highest mRNA expression of CreERT2 were detected in the heart specifically of F1A-CreERT2 mice, similar to that of Fgf1A mRNA. The F1A-CreERT2 mice were crossed with ROSA26 mice, and the F1 mice were analyzed. The LacZ-positive signals were detected exclusively in the heart after tamoxifen administration. The CreERT2-mediated recombination in the tissues is monitored through LacZ-positive signals, indicating the in situ localization of F1A-positive cells. Consistently, these F1A-positive cells with RFP-positive signals or LacZ-positive blue signals were co-localized with cardiomyocytes expressing cardiac troponin T, suggesting cardiomyocyte-specific activation of Fgf1A promoter. Our data suggested that the F1A-CreERT2 mouse line could be used for time-dependent and lineage tracing of Fgf1A-expressing cells in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chao Hsu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 252, Taiwan;
- Department of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 252, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Fen Chung
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350, Taiwan; (Y.-F.C.); (M.-S.C.)
| | - Mei-Shu Chen
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350, Taiwan; (Y.-F.C.); (M.-S.C.)
| | - Chi-Kuang Wang
- Department of Research and Development, National Laboratory Animal Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, Tainan 700, Taiwan; (C.-K.W.); (S.-T.J.)
| | - Si-Tse Jiang
- Department of Research and Development, National Laboratory Animal Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, Tainan 700, Taiwan; (C.-K.W.); (S.-T.J.)
| | - Ing-Ming Chiu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350, Taiwan; (Y.-F.C.); (M.-S.C.)
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 400, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-37-206-166 (ext. 37500); Fax: +886-37-587-408
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2
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Mohale M, Gundampati RK, Thallapuranam S, Heyes CD. Site-specific labeling and functional efficiencies of human fibroblast growth Factor-1 with a range of fluorescent dyes in the flexible N-Terminal region and a rigid β-turn region. Anal Biochem 2021; 640:114524. [PMID: 34933004 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2021.114524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Human fibroblast growth factor 1 (hFGF1) binding to its receptor and heparin play critical roles in cell proliferation, angiogenesis and wound healing but is also implicated in cancer. Fluorescence imaging is a powerful approach to study such protein interactions, but it is not always obvious if the site chosen will be efficiently labeled, often relying on trial-and-error. To provide a more systematic approach towards an efficient site-specific labeling strategy, we labeled two structurally distinct regions of the protein - the flexible N-terminus and a rigid loop. Several dyes were chosen to cover the visible region and to investigate how the structure of the dye affects the labeling efficiency. Flexibility in either the protein labeling site or the dye structure was found to result in high labeling efficiency, but flexibility in both resulted in a significant decrease in labeling efficiency. Conversely, too much rigidity in both can result in dye-protein interactions that can aggregate the protein. Importantly, site-specifically labeling hFGF1 in these regions maintained biological activity. These results could be applicable to other proteins by considering the flexibility of both the protein labeling site and the dye structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamello Mohale
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, 345 N. Campus Drive, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Ravi Kumar Gundampati
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, 345 N. Campus Drive, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Suresh Thallapuranam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, 345 N. Campus Drive, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Colin D Heyes
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, 345 N. Campus Drive, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.
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3
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Bhadresha K, Patel M, Brahmbhatt J, Jain N, Rawal R. Targeting Bone Metastases Signaling Pathway Using Moringa oleifera Seed Nutri-miRs: A Cross Kingdom Approach. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:2522-2539. [PMID: 34751606 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.2001547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Moringa oleifera is a medicinally important plant that has various medical and nutritional uses. Plant miRNAs are a class of non-coding endogenous small RNAs that regulate human-specific mRNA but the mechanistic actions are largely unknown. Here, in this study, we aim to explore the mechanistic action and influence of M. oleifera seed miRNAs on vital human target genes using computer based approaches. The M. oleifera seed miRNAs sequence was taken from published data and identified its human gene targets using a psRNA target analysis server. We identified 94 miRNAs that are able to significantly regulate 47 human target genes, which has enormous biological and functional importance. Out of 47 human targeted genes, 23 genes were found to be associated with PI3K-AKT, RUNX, and MAPK1/MAPK3 signaling pathway which has shown to play key roles in bone metastases during cancer progression. The M. oleifera seed miRNAs hold a strong potential for future research that might uncover the possibility of miRNA-facilitated cross-kingdom regulation and therapeutic targets for bone metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinjal Bhadresha
- Department of Life Science, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Maulikkumar Patel
- Department of Botany, Bioinformatics and Climate Change Impacts Management School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Jpan Brahmbhatt
- Department of Life Science, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Nayan Jain
- Department of Life Science, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Rakesh Rawal
- Department of Life Science, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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4
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Tan F, Rui X, Xiang X, Yu Z, Al-Rubeai M. Multimodal treatment combining cold atmospheric plasma and acidic fibroblast growth factor for multi-tissue regeneration. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21442. [PMID: 33774850 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002611r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is an emerging technology for biomedical applications, exemplified by its antimicrobial and antineoplastic potentials. On the contrary, acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) has been a long-standing potent mitogen for cells from various origins. In this study, we are the first to develop a multimodal treatment combining the aforementioned physicochemical and pharmacological treatments and investigated their individual and combined effects on wound healing, angiogenesis, neurogenesis, and osteogenesis. This work was performed at the tissue, cellular, protein, and gene levels, using histochemical staining, flow cytometry, ELISA, and PCR, respectively. Depending on the type of target tissue, various combinations of aforementioned methods were used. The results showed that the enhancement on would healing and angiogenesis by CAP and aFGF were synergistic. The former was manifested by increased murine fibroblast proliferation and reduced cutaneous tissue inflammation, whereas the latter by upregulated proangiogenic markers in vivo, for example, CD31, VEGF, and TGF-β, and downregulated antiangiogenic proteins in vitro, for example, angiostatin and angiopoietin-2, respectively. In addition, aFGF outperformed CAP during neurogenesis, which was evidenced by superior neurite outgrowth, while CAP exceeded aFGF in osteogenesis which was demonstrated by more substantial bone nodule formation. These novel findings not only support the fact that CAP and aFGF are both multipotent agents during tissue regeneration, but also highlight the potential of our multimodal treatment combining the individual advantages of CAP and aFGF. The versatile administration route, that is, topical and/or systemic, might further broaden its applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Tan
- Department of ORL-HNS, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai, China.,School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,The Royal College of Surgeons of England, London, UK
| | - Xiaoqing Rui
- Department of ORL-HNS, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue Xiang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zuoren Yu
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Mohamed Al-Rubeai
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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5
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Huang HW, Yang CM, Yang CH. Fibroblast Growth Factor Type 1 Ameliorates High-Glucose-Induced Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells and a Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rat Model. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137233. [PMID: 34281287 PMCID: PMC8267624 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetes that causes severe visual impairment globally. The pathogenesis of DR is related to oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. The fibroblast growth factor type 1 (FGF-1) mitogen plays crucial roles in cell function, development, and metabolism. FGF-1 is involved in blood sugar regulation and exerts beneficial antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects on various organ systems. This study investigated the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory neuroprotective effects of FGF-1 on high-glucose-induced retinal damage. The results revealed that FGF-1 treatment significantly reversed the harmful effects of oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators in retinal tissue in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model. These protective effects were also observed in the in vitro model of retinal ARPE-19 cells exposed to a high-glucose condition. We demonstrated that FGF-1 attenuated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-κB pathway activation under the high-glucose condition. Our results indicated that FGF-1 could effectively prevent retinal injury in diabetes. The findings of this study could be used to develop novel treatments for DR that aim to reduce the cascade of oxidative stress and inflammatory signals in neuroretinal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Wei Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, No. 111, Sec. 3, Xinglong Rd., Taipei 11696, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Jen Ai Road Sec. 1, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Chung-May Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Zhongshan South Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan;
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Jen Ai Road, Sec. 1, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Hao Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Zhongshan South Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan;
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Jen Ai Road, Sec. 1, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2312-3456 (ext. 62131); Fax: +886-2-2393-4420
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6
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Retinal toxicities of systemic anticancer drugs. Surv Ophthalmol 2021; 67:97-148. [PMID: 34048859 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2021.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Newer anticancer drugs have revolutionized cancer treatment in the last decade, but conventional chemotherapy still occupies a central position in many cancers, with combination therapy and newer methods of delivery increasing their efficacy while minimizing toxicities. We discuss the retinal toxicities of anticancer drugs with an emphasis on the mechanism of toxicity. Uveitis is seen with the use of v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B editing anticancer inhibitors as well as immunotherapy. Most of the cases are mild with only anterior uveitis, but severe cases of posterior uveitis, panuveitis, and Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada-like disease may also occur. In the retina, a transient neurosensory detachment is observed in almost all patients on mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitors. Microvasculopathy is often seen with interferon α, but vascular occlusion is a more serious toxicity caused by interferon α and MEK inhibitors. Crystalline retinopathy with or without macular edema may occur with tamoxifen; however, even asymptomatic patients may develop cavitatory spaces seen on optical coherence tomography. A unique macular edema with angiographic silence is characteristic of taxanes. Delayed dark adaptation has been observed with fenretinide. Interestingly, this drug is finding potential application in Stargardt disease and age-related macular degeneration.
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7
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Chaudhary R, Scott RAH, Wallace G, Berry M, Logan A, Blanch RJ. Inflammatory and Fibrogenic Factors in Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy Development. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2020; 9:23. [PMID: 32742753 PMCID: PMC7357815 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.9.3.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) occurs in 5%-10% of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment cases and is the principle cause for failure of retinal reattachment surgery. Although there are a number of surgical adjunctive agents available for preventing the development of PVR, all have limited efficacy. Discovering predictive molecular biomarkers to determine the probability of PVR development after retinal reattachment surgery will allow better patient stratification for more targeted drug evaluations. Methods Narrative literature review. Results We provide a summary of the inflammatory and fibrogenic factors found in ocular fluid samples during the development of retinal detachment and PVR and discuss their possible use as molecular PVR predictive biomarkers. Conclusions Studies monitoring the levels of the above factors have found that few if any have predictive biomarker value, suggesting that widening the phenotype of potential factors and a combinatorial approach are required to determine predictive biomarkers for PVR. Translational Relevance The identification of relevant biomarkers relies on an understanding of disease signaling pathways derived from basic science research. We discuss the extent to which those molecules identified as biomarkers and predictors of PVR relate to disease pathogenesis and could function as useful disease predictors. (http://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/ number, UMIN000005604).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishika Chaudhary
- Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Birmingham and Midland Eye Centre, Birmingham, UK.,Neuroscience and Ophthalmology, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,NIHR Surgical Reconstruction and Microbiology Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Graham Wallace
- Neuroscience and Ophthalmology, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Martin Berry
- Neuroscience and Ophthalmology, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ann Logan
- Neuroscience and Ophthalmology, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,NIHR Surgical Reconstruction and Microbiology Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Richard J Blanch
- Neuroscience and Ophthalmology, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,NIHR Surgical Reconstruction and Microbiology Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.,Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.,Academic Unit of Military Surgery and Trauma, Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Birmingham, UK
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8
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Krishna L, Nilawar S, Ponnalagu M, Subramani M, Jayadev C, Shetty R, Chatterjee K, Das D. Fiber Diameter Differentially Regulates Function of Retinal Pigment and Corneal Epithelial Cells on Nanofibrous Tissue Scaffolds. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:823-837. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lekshmi Krishna
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, GROW Laboratory, Narayana Nethralaya Foundation, Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore 560 099, Karnataka, India
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632 014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sagar Nilawar
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, Karnataka, India
| | - Murugeswari Ponnalagu
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, GROW Laboratory, Narayana Nethralaya Foundation, Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore 560 099, Karnataka, India
| | - Murali Subramani
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, GROW Laboratory, Narayana Nethralaya Foundation, Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore 560 099, Karnataka, India
| | - Chaitra Jayadev
- Vitreoretina Services, Narayana Nethralaya Eye Hospital, Bangalore 560 010, Karnataka, India
| | - Rohit Shetty
- Department of Cornea and Refractive Surgery, Narayana Nethralaya Eye Hospital, Bangalore 560 010, Karnataka, India
| | - Kaushik Chatterjee
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, Karnataka, India
| | - Debashish Das
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, GROW Laboratory, Narayana Nethralaya Foundation, Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore 560 099, Karnataka, India
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9
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Baker QB, Podgorski GJ, Vargis E, Flann NS. A computational study of VEGF production by patterned retinal epithelial cell colonies as a model for neovascular macular degeneration. J Biol Eng 2017; 11:26. [PMID: 28775765 PMCID: PMC5540422 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-017-0063-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The configuration of necrotic areas within the retinal pigmented epithelium is an important element in the progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). In the exudative (wet) and non-exudative (dry) forms of the disease, retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells respond to adjacent atrophied regions by secreting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) that in turn recruits new blood vessels which lead to a further reduction in retinal function and vision. In vitro models exist for studying VEGF expression in wet AMD (Vargis et al., Biomaterials 35(13):3999–4004, 2014), but are limited in the patterns of necrotic and intact RPE epithelium they can produce and in their ability to finely resolve VEGF expression dynamics. Results In this work, an in silico hybrid agent-based model was developed and validated using the results of this cell culture model of VEGF expression in AMD. The computational model was used to extend the cell culture investigation to explore the dynamics of VEGF expression in different sized patches of RPE cells and the role of negative feedback in VEGF expression. Results of the simulation and the cell culture studies were in excellent qualitative agreement, and close quantitative agreement. Conclusions The model indicated that the configuration of necrotic and RPE cell-containing regions have a major impact on VEGF expression dynamics and made precise predictions of VEGF expression dynamics by groups of RPE cells of various sizes and configurations. Coupled with biological studies, this model may give insights into key molecular mechanisms of AMD progression and open routes to more effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gregory J Podgorski
- Biology Department, Utah State University, Logan, 84322 USA.,Center for Integrated BioSystems, Utah State University, Logan, 84322 USA
| | - Elizabeth Vargis
- Biological Engineering Department, Utah State University, Logan, 84322 USA
| | - Nicholas S Flann
- Synthetic Biomanufacturing Institute, Logan, 84322 USA.,Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, 98109 USA.,Computer Science Department, Utah State University, Logan, 84335 USA
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10
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Hoseini SJ, Ghazavi H, Forouzanfar F, Mashkani B, Ghorbani A, Mahdipour E, Ghasemi F, Sadeghnia HR, Ghayour-Mobarhan M. Fibroblast Growth Factor 1-Transfected Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote Angiogenic Proliferation. DNA Cell Biol 2017; 36:401-412. [PMID: 28281780 PMCID: PMC5421621 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2016.3546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate, for the first time, the effects of using adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) transfected with an episomal plasmid encoding fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) (AD-MSCsFGF1), in providing the microenvironment required for angiogenic proliferation. The isolated rat AD-MSCs were positive for mesenchymal (CD29 and CD90) and negative for hematopoietic (CD34 and CD45) surface markers. Adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation of the AD-MSCs also occurred in the proper culture media. The presence of FGF1 in the conditioned medium from the AD-MSCsFGF1 was confirmed by Western blotting. G418 and PCR were used for selection of transfected cells and confirmation of the presence of FGF1 mRNA, respectively. Treatment with the AD-MSCFGF1-conditioned medium significantly increased the NIH-3T3 cell proliferation and human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) tube formation compared to conditioned medium from nontransfected AD-MSCs (p < 0.001). In conclusion, the AD-MSCsFGF1 efficiently secreted functional FGF1, which promoted angiogenic proliferation. Using AD-MSCsFGF1 may provide a useful strategy in cell therapy, which can merge the beneficial effects of stem cells with the positive biological effects of FGF1 in various disorders, especially tissue defects, neurodegenerative, cardiovascular and diabetes endocrine pathologies, which remain to be tested in preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Javad Hoseini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamed Ghazavi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Forouzanfar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Baratali Mashkani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ghorbani
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elahe Mahdipour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Faezeh Ghasemi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Sadeghnia
- Neurocognitive Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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11
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Chiba C. The retinal pigment epithelium: An important player of retinal disorders and regeneration. Exp Eye Res 2014; 123:107-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2013.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2013] [Revised: 07/06/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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12
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van der Noll R, Leijen S, Neuteboom GH, Beijnen JH, Schellens JH. Effect of inhibition of the FGFR–MAPK signaling pathway on the development of ocular toxicities. Cancer Treat Rev 2013; 39:664-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2013.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2012] [Revised: 01/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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13
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Métrailler S, Emery M, Schorderet DF, Cottet S, Roduit R. ERK1/2 pathway is activated in degenerated Rpe65-deficient mice. Exp Eye Res 2013; 116:86-95. [PMID: 24012986 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2013.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Revised: 08/10/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The MAPK family is composed of three majors kinases, JNK, p38 and ERK1/2, and is implicated in many degenerative processes, including retinal cell death. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the activation of ERK1/2 kinase, and its potential role in Müller cell gliosis, during photoreceptor cell death in Rpe65(-/-) mice. We assayed ERK1/2 mRNA and protein levels, and evaluated ERK1/2 phosphorylation involved in kinase activation, in 2, 4 and 6 month-old Rpe65(-/-) mice and in age-matched wild-type controls. No differences in ERK1/2 expression were detected between Rpe65(-/-) and wild-type mice, however, ERK1/2 phosphorylation was dramatically increased in the knock out mice at 4 and 6 months-of-age. Phosphorylated ERK1/2 co-localized with GFAP in the ganglion cell layer, and correlated with an increase in GFAP protein expression and retinal cell death. Accumulation of cFOS protein in the ganglion cell layer occurred concomitant with pERK1/2 activation. Müller cell proliferation was not observed. ERK1/2 activation did not occur in 2 month-old Rpe65(-/-) or in the Rpe65(-/-)/Gnat1(-/-) mice, in which no degeneration was evident. The observed activation ERK1/2 and GFAP, both markers of Müller cell gliosis, in the absence of Müller cell proliferation, is consistent with the activation of atypical gliosis occurring during the slow process of degeneration in Rpe65(-/-) mice. As Müller cell gliosis is activated in many neuronal and retinal degenerative diseases, further studies will be needed to determine whether atypical gliosis in Rpe65(-/-) mice contributes to, or protects against, the pathogenesis occurring in this model of Leber congenital amaurosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Métrailler
- IRO, Institute for Research in Ophthalmology, 1950 Sion, Switzerland
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14
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15
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Hsu YC, Kao CY, Chung YF, Chen MS, Chiu IM. Ciliogenic RFX transcription factors regulate FGF1 gene promoter. J Cell Biochem 2012; 113:2511-22. [PMID: 22415835 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) has been shown to regulate cell proliferation, cell division, and neurogenesis. Human FGF1 gene 1B promoter (-540 to +31)-driven green fluorescence (F1BGFP) was shown to recapitulate endogenous FGF1 gene expression. It can also be used to isolate neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) and glioblastoma stem cells (GBM-SCs) from developing mouse brains and human glioblastoma tissues, respectively. However, the regulatory mechanisms of FGF-1B promoter and F1BGFP(+) cells are not clear. In this study, we present several lines of evidence to show the roles of ciliogenic RFX transcription factors in the regulation of FGF-1B gene promoter and F1BGFP(+) cells: (i) RFX1, RFX2, and RFX3 transcription factors could directly bind the 18-bp cis-element (-484 to -467), and contribute to the regulation of FGF1 promoter and neurosphere formation. (ii) We demonstrated RFX2/RFX3 complex could only be detected in the nuclear extract of FGF-1B positive cells, but not in FGF-1B negative cells. (iii) Protein kinase C inhibitors, staurosporine and rottlerin, could decrease the percentage of F1BGFP(+) cells and their neurosphere formation efficiency through reducing the RFX2/3 complex. (iv) RNA interference knockdown of RFX2 could significantly reduce the percentage of F1BGFP(+) cells and their neurosphere formation efficiency whereas overexpression of RFX2 resulted in the opposite effects. Taken together, this study suggests ciliogenic RFX transcription factors regulate FGF-1B promoter activity and the maintenance of F1BGFP(+) NSPCs and GBM-SCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chao Hsu
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
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16
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Yoshikawa T, Mizuno A, Yasumuro H, Inami W, Vergara MN, Del Rio-Tsonis K, Chiba C. MEK-ERK and heparin-susceptible signaling pathways are involved in cell-cycle entry of the wound edge retinal pigment epithelium cells in the adult newt. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2011; 25:66-82. [PMID: 22026648 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-148x.2011.00935.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The onset mechanism of proliferation in mitotically quiescent retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells is still obscure in humans and newts, although it can be a clinical target for manipulating both retinal diseases and regeneration. To address this issue, we investigated factors or signaling pathways involved in the first cell-cycle entry of RPE cells upon retinal injury using a newt retina-less eye-cup culture system in which the cells around the wound edge of the RPE exclusively enter the cell cycle. We found that MEK-ERK signaling is necessary for their cell-cycle entry, and signaling pathways whose activities can be modulated by heparin, such as Wnt-, Shh-, and thrombin-mediated pathways, are capable of regulating the cell-cycle entry. Furthermore, we found that the cells inside the RPE have low proliferation competence even in the presence of serum, suggesting inversely that a loss of cell-to-cell contact would allow the cells to enter the cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taro Yoshikawa
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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17
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Maillard C, Bouquet C, Petitjean M, Mestdagt M, Frau E, Jost M, Masset A, Opolon P, Beermann F, Abitbol M, Foidart J, Perricaudet M, Noel A. Reduction of brain metastases in plasminogen activator inhibitor-1-deficient mice with transgenic ocular tumors. Carcinogenesis 2008; 29:2236-42. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgn204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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18
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García S, López E, López-Colomé AM. Glutamate accelerates RPE cell proliferation through ERK1/2 activation via distinct receptor-specific mechanisms. J Cell Biochem 2008; 104:377-90. [PMID: 18022816 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.21633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The proliferation and migration of Retinal Pigment Epithelium cells resulting from an epithelial-mesenchymal transition plays a key role in proliferative vitreoretinopathy, which leads to retinal detachment and the loss of vision. In neurons, glutamate has been shown to activate the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK cascade, which participates in the regulation of proliferation, differentiation, and survival processes. Although glutamate-stimulation and the activation of ERK1/2 by different stimuli have been shown to promote RPE cell proliferation, the signaling pathway(s) linking these effects has not been established. We analyzed the molecular mechanisms leading to glutamate-induced proliferation by determining ERK1/2 and CREB phoshporylation in chick RPE cells in primary culture and the human-derived RPE cell line ARPE-19. This study shows for the first time, that glutamate promotes RPE cell proliferation by activating two distinct signaling pathways linked to selective glutamate receptor subtypes. Results demonstrate that glutamate stimulates RPE cell proliferation as well as ERK and CREB phosphorylation. These effects were mimicked by the mGluR agonist ACPD and by NMDA, and were prevented by the respective receptor inhibitors MCPG and MK-801, indicating a cause-effect relationship between these processes. Whereas mGluR promoted proliferation by activating the MEK/ERK/CREB cascade, NMDA stimulated proliferation through the MEK-independent activation of Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent kinases. The blockage of both signaling pathways to proliferation by KN-62 suggests the involvement of CaMKs in the control of glutamate-induced proliferation at a common step, downstream of CREB, possibly the regulation of cell cycle progression. Based on these findings, the participation of glutamate in the development of PVR can be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía García
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Departamento de Neurociencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, Mexico
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19
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Oh IS, Park AR, Bae MS, Kwon SJ, Kim YS, Lee JE, Kang NY, Lee S, Cheong H, Park OK. Secretome analysis reveals an Arabidopsis lipase involved in defense against Alternaria brassicicola. THE PLANT CELL 2005; 17:2832-47. [PMID: 16126835 PMCID: PMC1242276 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.105.034819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The Arabidopsis thaliana secretome was analyzed by the proteomic approach, which led to the identification of secreted proteins implicated in many aspects of cell biology. We then investigated the change in the Arabidopsis secretome in response to salicylic acid and identified several proteins involved in pathogen response. One of these, a secreted lipase with a GDSL-like motif designated GDSL LIPASE1 (GLIP1), was further characterized for its function in disease resistance. glip1 plants were markedly more susceptible to infection by the necrotrophic fungus Alternaria brassicicola compared with the parental wild-type plants. The recombinant GLIP1 protein possessed lipase and antimicrobial activities that directly disrupt fungal spore integrity. Furthermore, GLIP1 appeared to trigger systemic resistance signaling in plants when challenged with A. brassicicola, because pretreatment of the glip1 mutant with recombinant GLIP1 protein inhibited A. brassicicola-induced cell death in both peripheral and distal leaves. Moreover, glip1 showed altered expression of defense- and ethylene-related genes. GLIP1 transcription was increased by ethephon, the ethylene releaser, but not by salicylic acid or jasmonic acid. These results suggest that GLIP1, in association with ethylene signaling, may be a critical component in plant resistance to A. brassicicola.
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Affiliation(s)
- Il Seok Oh
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
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20
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Hecquet C, Lefevre G, Valtink M, Engelmann K, Mascarelli F. cAMP inhibits the proliferation of retinal pigmented epithelial cells through the inhibition of ERK1/2 in a PKA-independent manner. Oncogene 2002; 21:6101-12. [PMID: 12203122 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1205765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2002] [Revised: 05/13/2002] [Accepted: 06/14/2002] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cell integrity is critical to the maintenance of retina functions and RPE cells do not proliferate in adults. The activation of RPE results in cell proliferation which may be associated with proliferative retinopathy and choroidal melanoma. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is believed to be a key participant in the response to mitogenic stimuli. We therefore investigated the involvement of the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) 1 and 2 during the induction of RPE cell proliferation. After foetal calf serum (FCS) stimulation activation of the Ras/Raf/ERK signalling pathway was detected by Western blotting and immunochemistry, with specific anti-phosphosignalling protein antibodies. Pharmacological and antisense (AS) oligonucleotide (ODN) strategies were used to analyse the signalling involved in FCS-induced RPE cell proliferation. Activation of the small G protein Ras and, to a lesser extent of Raf-1, the kinase directly downstream from Ras, was necessary to FCS-induced cell proliferation. MEK1/2 and ERK1/2 were activated during cell proliferation. Inhibition of MEK1/2 with UO 126 completely abolished ERK1/2 activation and reduced cell proliferation by 33-43%. ERK1/2 depletion by an AS ODN approach reduced cell proliferation by 27-33%, confirming the role of ERK1/2 in the FCS stimulation of RPE cells. We also investigated the role of PKA/cAMP, one of the major inhibitory pathways of ERK1/2. PKA blockade did not modify ERK1/2 activation or cell proliferation. In contrast, agents that increased cAMP concentration, abolished RPE proliferation, and MEK/ERK activation. Moreover, inhibition of the cAMP-activated small G protein Rap1, partially reversed the inhibitory effects of cAMP on cell proliferation and MEK/ERK activation. The requirement for Ras and ERK1/2, the lack of ERK1/2 regulation by PKA and the cAMP/Rap1 counter-regulatory pathway for ERK-mediated cell proliferation suggest complex regulation of signalling in RPE cells. These data may have important implications for the development of more selective models for retinal anti-proliferative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Hecquet
- Centre Biomédical des Cordeliers, INSERM U. 450, affiliée CNRS, 15 rue de l'Ecole de Médecine 75006 Paris, France
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