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Laporte AAH, Masson TM, Zondag SDA, Noël T. Multiphasic Continuous-Flow Reactors for Handling Gaseous Reagents in Organic Synthesis: Enhancing Efficiency and Safety in Chemical Processes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316108. [PMID: 38095968 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
The use of reactive gaseous reagents for the production of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) remains a scientific challenge due to safety and efficiency limitations. The implementation of continuous-flow reactors has resulted in rapid development of gas-handling technology because of several advantages such as increased interfacial area, improved mass- and heat transfer, and seamless scale-up. This technology enables shorter and more atom-economic synthesis routes for the production of pharmaceutical compounds. Herein, we provide an overview of literature from 2016 onwards in the development of gas-handling continuous-flow technology as well as the use of gases in functionalization of APIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annechien A H Laporte
- Flow Chemistry Group, van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tom M Masson
- Flow Chemistry Group, van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan D A Zondag
- Flow Chemistry Group, van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Timothy Noël
- Flow Chemistry Group, van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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2
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Alharbi TMD. Recent progress on vortex fluidic synthesis of carbon nanomaterials. JOURNAL OF TAIBAH UNIVERSITY FOR SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/16583655.2023.2172954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thaar M. D. Alharbi
- School of Science, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
- Nanotechnology Centre, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Hu Q, Luo X, Tohl D, Pham ATT, Raston C, Tang Y. Hydrogel-Film-Fabricated Fluorescent Biosensors with Aggregation-Induced Emission for Albumin Detection through the Real-Time Modulation of a Vortex Fluidic Device. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073244. [PMID: 37050007 PMCID: PMC10096627 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels have various promising prospects as a successful platform for detecting biomarkers, and human serum albumin (HSA) is an important biomarker in the diagnosis of kidney diseases. However, the difficult-to-control passive diffusion kinetics of hydrogels is a major factor affecting detection performance. This study focuses on using hydrogels embedded with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) fluorescent probe TC426 to detect HSA in real time. The vortex fluidic device (VFD) technology is used as a rotation strategy to control the reaction kinetics and micromixing during measurement. The results show that the introduction of VFD could significantly accelerate its fluorescence response and effectively improve the diffusion coefficient, while VFD processing could regulate passive diffusion into active diffusion, offering a new method for future sensing research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Hu
- Australia-China Joint Research Centre on Personal Health Technologies, Medical Device Research Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
- Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Xuan Luo
- Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Damian Tohl
- Australia-China Joint Research Centre on Personal Health Technologies, Medical Device Research Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Anh Tran Tam Pham
- Australia-China Joint Research Centre on Personal Health Technologies, Medical Device Research Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Colin Raston
- Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Youhong Tang
- Australia-China Joint Research Centre on Personal Health Technologies, Medical Device Research Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
- Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
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4
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Duczynski J, Raston CL, Stubbs KA. Exploiting angled thin film vortex microfluidics for expeditious syntheses of iminosugars. RSC Adv 2022; 12:23162-23168. [PMID: 36090411 PMCID: PMC9384806 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04409a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Iminosugars are important compounds in the area of carbohydrate-based therapeutics. A simple synthetic methodology utilizing the vortex fluidic thin film microfluidic reactor is effective in the synthesis of such compounds for diverse reaction types, with the optimal tilt angle of the reactor at 45° and the optimal rotational speed dependent on the nature of the liquid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Duczynski
- School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia Crawley WA 6009 Australia
| | - Colin L Raston
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University Bedford Park SA 5042 Australia
| | - Keith A Stubbs
- School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia Crawley WA 6009 Australia
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6
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Gao Z, Feng L, Gu X, Duan J, Zhang C. Effect of mixing on the sequence structure of molecular chain and properties of copolyurea. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhangcheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Lianfang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
- Institute of Zhejiang University‐Quzhou Quzhou China
| | - Xueping Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
- Institute of Zhejiang University‐Quzhou Quzhou China
| | - Jintang Duan
- Institute of Zhejiang University‐Quzhou Quzhou China
| | - Cailiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
- Institute of Zhejiang University‐Quzhou Quzhou China
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7
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Alamry AYH, Al-Antaki AHM, Luo X, Raston CL. Continuous flow in situ shear stress induced encapsulation of curcumin within spheroidal bovine serum albumin-based nanoparticles. Aust J Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1071/ch21345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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8
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Hu Q, Hu H, Zhang X, Fan K, Hong Y, Raston CL, Tang Y. In Situ Monitored Vortex Fluidic-Mediated Protein Refolding/Unfolding Using an Aggregation-Induced Emission Bioprobe. Molecules 2021; 26:4273. [PMID: 34299548 PMCID: PMC8306882 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein folding is important for protein homeostasis/proteostasis in the human body. We have established the ability to manipulate protein unfolding/refolding for β-lactoglobulin using the induced mechanical energy in the thin film microfluidic vortex fluidic device (VFD) with monitoring as such using an aggregation-induced emission luminogen (AIEgen), TPE-MI. When denaturant (guanidine hydrochloride) is present with β-lactoglobulin, the VFD accelerates the denaturation reaction in a controlled way. Conversely, rapid renaturation of the unfolded protein occurs in the VFD in the absence of the denaturant. The novel TPE-MI reacts with exposed cysteine thiol when the protein unfolds, as established with an increase in fluorescence intensity. TPE-MI provides an easy and accurate way to monitor the protein folding, with comparable results established using conventional circular dichroism. The controlled VFD-mediated protein folding coupled with in situ bioprobe AIEgen monitoring is a viable methodology for studying the denaturing of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Hu
- Medical Device Research Institute, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia; (Q.H.); (H.H.); (X.Z.)
| | - Haozhen Hu
- Medical Device Research Institute, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia; (Q.H.); (H.H.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- Medical Device Research Institute, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia; (Q.H.); (H.H.); (X.Z.)
| | - Kyle Fan
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia; (K.F.); (C.L.R.)
| | - Yuning Hong
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia;
| | - Colin L. Raston
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia; (K.F.); (C.L.R.)
| | - Youhong Tang
- Medical Device Research Institute, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia; (Q.H.); (H.H.); (X.Z.)
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia; (K.F.); (C.L.R.)
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9
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Jellicoe M, Vimalanathan K, R Gascooke J, Luo X, Raston CL. High shear spheroidal topological fluid flow induced coating of polystyrene beads with C 60 spicules. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:5638-5641. [PMID: 33977917 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc07165j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Spheroidal spicular like topological fluid flow in an angled vortex fluidic device (VFD) housing a 20 mm diameter tube with a hemispherical base rotating at 4k rpm and tilted at 45° is effective in reducing the thermodynamic equilibrium concentration of fullerene C60 in toluene, with the formation of spicules of the material under continuous flow processing. Under the same operational conditions in the presence of polystyrene beads 2 to 6 μm in diameter, spicules of C60ca. 150 nm in length grow on their surfaces. This establishes that the spheroidal topological fluid flow in the VFD prevails while enveloping spheroidal like particles of such size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matt Jellicoe
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia.
| | - Kasturi Vimalanathan
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia.
| | - Jason R Gascooke
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia.
| | - Xuan Luo
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia.
| | - Colin L Raston
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia.
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10
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Igder A, Al-Antaki AHM, Pye SJ, Keshavarz A, Nosrati A, Raston CL. High shear vortex fluidic morphologically controlled polysulfone formed under anhydrous conditions. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj00834j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Polysulfone (PSF) was prepared under anhydrous conditions in DMSO, under high shear in a vortex fluidic device (VFD) operating under confined mode thereby avoiding the use of chlorinated solvents, unlike in conventional batch processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aghil Igder
- School of Engineering
- Edith Cowan University
- Perth
- Australia
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology
| | | | - Scott J. Pye
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology
- College of Science and Engineering
- Flinders University
- Adelaide
- Australia
| | | | - Ata Nosrati
- School of Engineering
- Edith Cowan University
- Perth
- Australia
| | - Colin L. Raston
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology
- College of Science and Engineering
- Flinders University
- Adelaide
- Australia
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11
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Igder A, Pye S, Mohammed Al-Antaki AH, Keshavarz A, Raston CL, Nosrati A. Vortex fluidic mediated synthesis of polysulfone. RSC Adv 2020; 10:14761-14767. [PMID: 35497156 PMCID: PMC9052111 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00602e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Polysulfone (PSF) was prepared under high shear in a vortex fluidic device (VFD) operating in confined mode, and its properties compared with that prepared using batch processing. This involved reacting the pre-prepared disodium salt of bisphenol A (BPA) with a 4,4'-dihalodiphenylsulfone under anhydrous conditions. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) established that in the thin film microfluidic platform, the PSF particles are sheet-like, for short reaction times, and fibrous for long reaction times, in contrast to spherical like particles for the polymer prepared using the conventional batch synthesis. The operating parameters of the VFD (rotational speed of the glass tube, its tilt angle and temperature) were systematically varied for establishing their effect on the molecular weight (M w), glass transition temperature (T g) and decomposition temperature, featuring gel permeation chromatography (GPC), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) respectively. The optimal VFD prepared PSF was obtained at 6000 rpm rotational speed, 45° tilt angle and 160 °C, for 1 h of processing with M w ∼10 000 g mol-1, T g ∼158 °C and decomposition temperature ∼530 °C, which is comparable to the conventionally prepared PSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aghil Igder
- School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University Joondalup Perth WA 6027 Australia
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University Adelaide SA 5042 Australia
| | - Scott Pye
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University Adelaide SA 5042 Australia
| | - Ahmed Hussein Mohammed Al-Antaki
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University Adelaide SA 5042 Australia
| | - Alireza Keshavarz
- School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University Joondalup Perth WA 6027 Australia
| | - Colin L Raston
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University Adelaide SA 5042 Australia
| | - Ata Nosrati
- School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University Joondalup Perth WA 6027 Australia
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12
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Alharbi TMD, Vimalanathan K, Alsulami IK, Raston CL. Vertically aligned laser sliced MWCNTs. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:21394-21403. [PMID: 31674619 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr08715j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Applications of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) benefit from the availability of specific lengths of the material while keeping the outer walls pristine, for example, for applications requiring vertically aligned tubes. To this end, a simple and effective continuous flow 'top down' process to control the length of sliced MWCNTs has been developed using a vortex fluidic device (VFD) coupled with a 1064 nm pulse laser, with the process in the absence of chemicals and any auxiliary substances. Three different length distributions of the sliced MWCNTs, centered at 75 ± 2.1 nm, 300 ± 1.8 nm and 550 ± 1.4 nm, have been generated with the length depending on the VFD operating parameters and laser energy, with the processing resulting in a decrease in side wall defects of the material. We also show the ability to vertically self assemble short MWCNTs on a silicon substrate with control of the surface density coverage using a simple dipping and rinsing method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaar M D Alharbi
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia. and Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawarrah 42353, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kasturi Vimalanathan
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
| | - Ibrahim K Alsulami
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
| | - Colin L Raston
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
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Alsulam I, Alharbi TMD, Moussa M, Raston CL. High-Yield Continuous-Flow Synthesis of Spheroidal C 60@Graphene Composites as Supercapacitors. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:19279-19286. [PMID: 31763551 PMCID: PMC6868912 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Graphene spheres confining fullerene C60 are quantitatively formed under high-shear and continuous-flow processing using a vortex fluidic device (VFD). This involves intense micromixing a colloidal suspension of graphite in DMF and an o-xylene solution of C60 at room temperature in the absence of surfactants and other auxiliary substances. The diameters of the composite spheres, C60@graphene, can be controlled with size distributions ranging from 1.5 to 3.5 μm, depending on the VFD operating parameters, including rotational speed, flow rate, relative ratio of C60 to graphite, and the concentration of fullerene. An electrode of the composite material has high cycle stability, with a high areal capacitance of 103.4 mF cm-2, maintaining its capacitances to 24.7 F g-1 and 86.4 mF cm-2 (83.5%) at a high scan rate of 100 mV s-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim
K. Alsulam
- Flinders
Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science
and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia
| | - Thaar M. D. Alharbi
- Flinders
Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science
and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia
- Physics
Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawwarah 42353, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Moussa
- School
of Chemical Engineering, The University
of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef
University, Beni-Suef 62111, Egypt
| | - Colin L. Raston
- Flinders
Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science
and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia
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Alharbi TMD, Al-Antaki AHM, Moussa M, Hutchison WD, Raston CL. Three-step-in-one synthesis of supercapacitor MWCNT superparamagnetic magnetite composite material under flow. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:3761-3770. [PMID: 36133547 PMCID: PMC9419492 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00346k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Composites of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and superparamagnetic magnetite nanoparticles, Fe3O4@MWCNT, were synthesized in DMF in a vortex fluidic device (VFD). This involved in situ generation of the iron oxide nanoparticles by laser ablation of bulk iron metal at 1064 nm using a pulsed laser, over the dynamic thin film in the microfluidic platform. The overall processing is a three-step in one operation: (i) slicing MWCNTs, (ii) generating the superparamagnetic nanoparticles and (iii) decorating them on the surface of the MWCNTs. The Fe3O4@MWCNT composites were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning transmission electron microscope, TG analysis, X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. They were used as an active electrode for supercapacitor measurements, establishing high gravimetric and areal capacitances of 834 F g-1 and 1317.7 mF cm-2 at a scan rate of 10 mV s-1, respectively, which are higher values than those reported using similar materials. In addition, the designer material has a significantly higher specific energy of 115.84 W h kg-1 at a specific power of 2085 W kg-1, thereby showing promise for the material in next-generation energy storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaar M D Alharbi
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University Adelaide SA 5001 Australia
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University Almadinah Almunawarah Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed H M Al-Antaki
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University Adelaide SA 5001 Australia
| | - Mahmoud Moussa
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide Adelaide SA 5001 Australia
| | - Wayne D Hutchison
- School of Science, University of New South Wales ADFA campus Canberra BC Australian Capital Territory 2610 Australia
| | - Colin L Raston
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University Adelaide SA 5001 Australia
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15
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Al-Antaki AM, Luo X, Duan X, Lamb RN, Hutchison WD, Lawrance W, Raston CL. Continuous Flow Copper Laser Ablation Synthesis of Copper(I and II) Oxide Nanoparticles in Water. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:13577-13584. [PMID: 31460487 PMCID: PMC6705240 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Copper(I) oxide (Cu2O) nanoparticles (NPs) are selectively prepared in high yields under continuous flow in a vortex fluidic device (VFD), involving irradiation of a copper rod using a pulsed laser operating at 1064 nm and 600 mJ. The plasma plume generated inside a glass tube (20 mm O.D.), which is rapidly rotating (7.5 k rpm), reacts with the enclosed air in the microfluidic platform, with then high mass transfer of material into the dynamic thin film of water passing up the tube. The average size of the generated Cu2ONPs is 14 nm, and they are converted to copper(II) oxide (CuO) nanoparticles with an average diameter of 11 nm by heating the as-prepared solution of Cu2ONPs in air at 50 °C for 10 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed
Hussein Mohammed Al-Antaki
- Flinders
Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College
of Science and Engineering, Centre for Marine Bioproducts Development, College
of Medicine and Public Health and College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty
of Sciences, Kufa University, Kufa, 54001 Najaf, Iraq
| | - Xuan Luo
- Flinders
Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College
of Science and Engineering, Centre for Marine Bioproducts Development, College
of Medicine and Public Health and College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - XiaoFei Duan
- Trace
Analysis for Chemical, Earth and Environmental Sciences (TrACEES), University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Robert N. Lamb
- Trace
Analysis for Chemical, Earth and Environmental Sciences (TrACEES), University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Wayne D. Hutchison
- School of
Science, University of New South Wales, ADFA campus, Canberra BC, ACT 2610, Australia
| | - Warren Lawrance
- Flinders
Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College
of Science and Engineering, Centre for Marine Bioproducts Development, College
of Medicine and Public Health and College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Colin L. Raston
- Flinders
Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College
of Science and Engineering, Centre for Marine Bioproducts Development, College
of Medicine and Public Health and College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
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16
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Vimalanathan K, Suarez-Martinez I, Peiris MCR, Antonio J, de Tomas C, Zou Y, Zou J, Duan X, Lamb RN, Harvey DP, Alharbi TMD, Gibson CT, Marks NA, Darwish N, Raston CL. Vortex fluidic mediated transformation of graphite into highly conducting graphene scrolls. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:2495-2501. [PMID: 36132736 PMCID: PMC9417623 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00184k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional graphene has remarkable properties that are revolutionary in many applications. Scrolling monolayer graphene with precise tunability would create further potential for niche applications but this has proved challenging. We have now established the ability to fabricate monolayer graphene scrolls in high yield directly from graphite flakes under non-equilibrium conditions at room temperature in dynamic thin films of liquid. Using conductive atomic force microscopy we demonstrate that the graphene scrolls form highly conducting electrical contacts to highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG). These highly conducting graphite-graphene contacts are attractive for the fabrication of interconnects in microcircuits and align with the increasing interest in building all sp2-carbon circuits. Above a temperature of 450 °C the scrolls unravel into buckled graphene sheets, and this process is understood on a theoretical basis. These findings augur well for new applications, in particular for incorporating the scrolls into miniaturized electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasturi Vimalanathan
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University Adelaide SA 5001 Australia
| | - Irene Suarez-Martinez
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Curtin University Bentley Campus Perth WA 6102 Australia
| | - M Chandramalika R Peiris
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin Institute of Functional Molecule and Interfaces, Curtin University Bentley WA 6102 Australia
| | - Joshua Antonio
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin Institute of Functional Molecule and Interfaces, Curtin University Bentley WA 6102 Australia
| | - Carla de Tomas
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Curtin University Bentley Campus Perth WA 6102 Australia
| | - Yichao Zou
- School of Engineering, The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Jin Zou
- School of Engineering, The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Xiaofei Duan
- Trace Analysis for Chemical, Earth and Environmental Sciences (TrACEES), The University of Melbourne Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - Robert N Lamb
- Trace Analysis for Chemical, Earth and Environmental Sciences (TrACEES), The University of Melbourne Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - David P Harvey
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University Adelaide SA 5001 Australia
| | - Thaar M D Alharbi
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University Adelaide SA 5001 Australia
| | - Christopher T Gibson
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University Adelaide SA 5001 Australia
- Flinders Microscopy and Microanalysis, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University Adelaide South Australia 5042 Australia
| | - Nigel A Marks
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Curtin University Bentley Campus Perth WA 6102 Australia
| | - Nadim Darwish
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin Institute of Functional Molecule and Interfaces, Curtin University Bentley WA 6102 Australia
| | - Colin L Raston
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University Adelaide SA 5001 Australia
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17
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Phillips JM, Ahamed M, Duan X, Lamb RN, Qu X, Zheng K, Zou J, Chalker JM, Raston CL. Chemoselective and Continuous Flow Hydrogenations in Thin Films Using a Palladium Nanoparticle Catalyst Embedded in Cellulose Paper. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:488-494. [PMID: 35016312 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose immobilized palladium (0) nanoparticles (PdNPs) were prepared for the use in scalable catalytic reactions in flow. Preparation of the catalyst is remarkably simple and fast, where a palladium acetate solution is drop-casted onto cellulose paper and then exposed to 1 atm of hydrogen for a mere 90 s to produce embedded Pd(0) nanoparticles. This catalyst system is efficient in the hydrogenation of alkenes, nitroarenes, ketones, and enamides, with products formed in high yields, under ambient pressure and temperature. The system is also effective for transfer hydrogenation using ammonium formate as an alternative hydrogen source. A high catalyst stability and reusability are demonstrated along with the chemoselective and scalable synthesis of industrially important fine chemicals, including the biobased molecule cyrene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Phillips
- Flinders Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Muneer Ahamed
- Flinders Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - XiaoFei Duan
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3012, Australia
| | - Robert N Lamb
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3012, Australia
| | - Xianlin Qu
- Beijing Key Lab of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Material, Institute of Microstructure and Properties of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Kun Zheng
- Beijing Key Lab of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Material, Institute of Microstructure and Properties of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jin Zou
- School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering and Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Justin M Chalker
- Flinders Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Colin L Raston
- Flinders Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia
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18
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Zang W, Toster J, Das B, Gondosiswanto R, Liu S, Eggers PK, Zhao C, Raston CL, Chen X. p-Phosphonic acid calix[8]arene mediated synthesis of ultra-large, ultra-thin, single-crystal gold nanoplatelets. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:3785-3788. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc10145k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Large, ultrathin, single-crystal gold platelets are produced in the presence of p-phosphonic acid calix[8]arene as both a catalyst and stabiliser.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhe Zang
- Flinders Institute for NanoScale Science & Technology
- College of Science and Engineering
- Flinders University
- Adelaide
- Australia
| | - Jeremiah Toster
- Flinders Institute for NanoScale Science & Technology
- College of Science and Engineering
- Flinders University
- Adelaide
- Australia
| | - Biswanath Das
- School of Chemistry
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
| | | | - Shiyang Liu
- School of Chemistry
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Paul K. Eggers
- Flinders Institute for NanoScale Science & Technology
- College of Science and Engineering
- Flinders University
- Adelaide
- Australia
| | - Chuan Zhao
- School of Chemistry
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Colin L. Raston
- Flinders Institute for NanoScale Science & Technology
- College of Science and Engineering
- Flinders University
- Adelaide
- Australia
| | - Xianjue Chen
- School of Chemistry
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
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19
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Integrating thin film microfluidics in developing a concise synthesis of DGJNAc: A potent inhibitor of α-N-acetylgalctosaminidases. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:3748-3751. [PMID: 30366618 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A simple synthesis, which utilizes a thin film microfluidic reactor for a problematic step, of a potent inhibitor of α-N-acetylhexosaminidases, DGJNAc, has been developed.
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20
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Sitepu EK, Corbin K, Luo X, Pye SJ, Tang Y, Leterme SC, Heimann K, Raston CL, Zhang W. Vortex fluidic mediated direct transesterification of wet microalgae biomass to biodiesel. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 266:488-497. [PMID: 29990765 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.06.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A bottleneck in the production of biodiesel from microalgae is the dewatering and lipid extraction process which is the dominant energy penalty and cost. A novel biodiesel production platform based on vortex fluidic device (VFD)-assisted direct transesterification (DT) of wet microalgal biomass of Chloroparva pannonica was developed and evaluated. Fatty acid extraction and fatty acid to FAME conversion efficiencies were used at different parameter settings to evaluate performance of the processing technology in confined and continuous mode. A response surface method based on Box-Behnken experimental design was used to determine the effects of water content, the ratio of biomass to methanol and residence time in the VFD. Average extraction efficiencies were 41% and conversion efficiencies >90% with the processing technology showing a broad tolerance to parameter settings. The findings suggest that VFD-assisted DT is a simple and effective way to produce biodiesel directly from wet microalgae biomass at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eko K Sitepu
- Centre for Marine Bioproducts Development, Flinders University, South Australia 5042, Australia; Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, South Australia 5042, Australia.
| | - Kendall Corbin
- Centre for Marine Bioproducts Development, Flinders University, South Australia 5042, Australia; Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, South Australia 5042, Australia; Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Xuan Luo
- Centre for Marine Bioproducts Development, Flinders University, South Australia 5042, Australia; Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Scott J Pye
- Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, South Australia 5042, Australia; College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Youhong Tang
- Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, South Australia 5042, Australia; College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Sophie C Leterme
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Kirsten Heimann
- Centre for Marine Bioproducts Development, Flinders University, South Australia 5042, Australia; Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Colin L Raston
- Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, South Australia 5042, Australia; College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Wei Zhang
- Centre for Marine Bioproducts Development, Flinders University, South Australia 5042, Australia; Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, South Australia 5042, Australia
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21
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Luo X, Al-Antaki AHM, Alharbi TMD, Hutchison WD, Zou YC, Zou J, Sheehan A, Zhang W, Raston CL. Laser-Ablated Vortex Fluidic-Mediated Synthesis of Superparamagnetic Magnetite Nanoparticles in Water Under Flow. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:11172-11178. [PMID: 31459226 PMCID: PMC6645571 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Selective formation of only one iron oxide phase is a major challenge in conventional laser ablation process, as is scaling up the process. Herein, superparamagnetic single-phase magnetite nanoparticles of hexagonal and spheroidal-shape, with an average size of ca. 15 nm, are generated by laser ablation of bulk iron metal at 1064 nm in a vortex fluidic device (VFD). This is a one-step continuous flow process, in air at ambient pressure, with in situ uptake of the nanoparticles in the dynamic thin film of water in the VFD. The process minimizes the generation of waste by avoiding the need for any chemicals or surfactants and avoids time-consuming purification steps in reducing any negative impact of the processing on the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Luo
- Flinders
Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, College
of Science and Engineering, and Centre for Marine Bioproducts Development,
College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders
University, Adelaide, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Ahmed H. M. Al-Antaki
- Flinders
Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, College
of Science and Engineering, and Centre for Marine Bioproducts Development,
College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders
University, Adelaide, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Thaar M. D. Alharbi
- Flinders
Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, College
of Science and Engineering, and Centre for Marine Bioproducts Development,
College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders
University, Adelaide, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Wayne D. Hutchison
- School
of PEMS, University of New South Wales, ADFA campus, Canberra BC, Australian Capital Territory 2610, Australia
| | - Yi-chao Zou
- Materials
Engineering and Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Jin Zou
- Materials
Engineering and Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Antony Sheehan
- TGR
Biosciences Pty Ltd, 31 Dalgleish Street, Thebarton, Adelaide, South Australia 5031, Australia
| | - Wei Zhang
- Flinders
Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, College
of Science and Engineering, and Centre for Marine Bioproducts Development,
College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders
University, Adelaide, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Colin L. Raston
- Flinders
Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, College
of Science and Engineering, and Centre for Marine Bioproducts Development,
College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders
University, Adelaide, South Australia 5042, Australia
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22
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Alsulami IK, Alharbi TMD, Harvey DP, Gibson CT, Raston CL. Controlling the growth of fullerene C 60 cones under continuous flow. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:7896-7899. [PMID: 29926036 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc03730b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Micromixing of an o-xylene solution of C60 with N-N-dimethylformamide (DMF) at room temperature under continuous flow in a vortex fluidic device (VFD) results in the formation of symmetrical right cones in high yield with diameters 0.5 to 2.5 μm, pitch angle 25° to 55° and wall thickness 120 to 310 nm. Their formation is in the absence of surfactants and any other reagents, and is scalable. The cones are formed at specific operating parameters of the VFD, including rotational speed, flow rate and concentration, and varying these results in other structures such as grooved fractals. Other aromatic solvents in place of o-xylene results in the formation of rods, spicules and prisms, respectively for m-xylene, p-xylene and mesitylene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim K Alsulami
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology (CNST), College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia.
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23
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Ho LA, Raston CL, Stubbs KA. Angled Vortex Fluidic Mediated Multicomponent Photocatalytic and Transition Metal‐Catalyzed Reactions. Chemistry 2018; 24:8869-8874. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Louisa A. Ho
- School of Molecular Sciences University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway Crawley WA 6009 Australia
| | - Colin L. Raston
- Centre for Nanoscale Science and Technology College of Science and Engineering Flinders University Sturt Road Bedford Park SA 5042 Australia
| | - Keith A. Stubbs
- School of Molecular Sciences University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway Crawley WA 6009 Australia
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24
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Luo X, Al‐Antaki AHM, Pye S, Meech R, Zhang W, Raston CL. High‐Shear‐Imparted Tunable Fluorescence in Polyethylenimines. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201700206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Luo
- Flinders Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology (CNST) College of Science and Engineering Flinders University Bedford Park Adelaide 5042 Australia
- Flinders Centre for Marine Bioproducts Development, College of Medicine and Public Health Flinders University Bedford Park Adelaide 5042 Australia
| | - Ahmed Hussein Mohammed Al‐Antaki
- Flinders Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology (CNST) College of Science and Engineering Flinders University Bedford Park Adelaide 5042 Australia
| | - Scott Pye
- Flinders Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology (CNST) College of Science and Engineering Flinders University Bedford Park Adelaide 5042 Australia
| | - Robyn Meech
- Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Public Health Flinders University Adelaide SA 5042 Australia
| | - Wei Zhang
- Flinders Centre for Marine Bioproducts Development, College of Medicine and Public Health Flinders University Bedford Park Adelaide 5042 Australia
| | - Colin L. Raston
- Flinders Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology (CNST) College of Science and Engineering Flinders University Bedford Park Adelaide 5042 Australia
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25
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Ansari MZ, Ansari SA, Parveen N, Cho MH, Song T. Lithium ion storage ability, supercapacitor electrode performance, and photocatalytic performance of tungsten disulfide nanosheets. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj00018b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Few layered WS2 nanosheets for energy and environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Zahid Ansari
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Yeungnam University
- Gyeongsan 712-749
- Republic of Korea
| | - Sajid Ali Ansari
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Yeungnam University
- Gyeongbuk 712-749
- Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering
| | - Nazish Parveen
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Yeungnam University
- Gyeongbuk 712-749
- Republic of Korea
| | - Moo Hwan Cho
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Yeungnam University
- Gyeongbuk 712-749
- Republic of Korea
| | - Taeseup Song
- Department of Energy Engineering
- Hanyang University
- Seoul 133-791
- Republic of Korea
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26
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Mohammed Al-antaki AH, Luo X, Duan A, Lamb RN, Eroglu E, Hutchison W, Zou YC, Zou J, Raston CL. Continuous flow synthesis of phosphate binding h-BN@magnetite hybrid material. RSC Adv 2018; 8:40829-40835. [PMID: 35557913 PMCID: PMC9091421 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08336c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is rendered magnetically responsive in aqueous media by binding superparamagnetic magnetite nanoparticles 8.5–18.5 nm in diameter on the surface. The composite material was generated under continuous flow in water in a dynamic thin film in a vortex fluidic device (VFD) with the source of iron generated by laser ablation of a pure iron metal target in the air above the liquid using a Nd:YAG pulsed laser operating at 1064 nm and 360 mJ. Optimum operating parameters of the VFD were a rotational speed of 7.5k rpm for the 20 mm OD (17.5 mm ID) borosilicate glass tube inclined at 45 degrees, with a h-BN concentration at 0.1 mg mL−1, delivered at 1.0 mL min−1 using a magnetically stirred syringe to keep the h-BN uniformly dispersed in water prior to injection into the base of the rapidly rotating tube. The resulting composite material, containing 5.75% weight of iron, exhibited high phosphate ion adsorption capacity, up to 171.2 mg PO43− per gram Fe, which was preserved on recycling the material five times. Vortex fluidic fabricated h-BN@magnetite under continuous flow in water exhibits recyclable high phosphate ion adsorption capacity.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xuan Luo
- Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology
- College of Science and Engineering
- Flinders University
- Adelaide
- Australia
| | - Alex Duan
- Trace Analysis for Chemical, Earth and Environmental Sciences (TrACEES)
- The University of Melbourne
- Victoria 3010
- Australia
| | - Robert N. Lamb
- Trace Analysis for Chemical, Earth and Environmental Sciences (TrACEES)
- The University of Melbourne
- Victoria 3010
- Australia
| | - Ela Eroglu
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Curtin University
- Perth
- Australia
| | - Wayne Hutchison
- School of PEMS
- University of New South Wales
- ADFA Campus
- Canberra BC
- Australia
| | - Yi-Chao Zou
- Materials Engineering and Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis
- The University of Queensland
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - Jin Zou
- Materials Engineering and Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis
- The University of Queensland
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - Colin L. Raston
- Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology
- College of Science and Engineering
- Flinders University
- Adelaide
- Australia
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27
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Britton J, Stubbs KA, Weiss GA, Raston CL. Vortex Fluidic Chemical Transformations. Chemistry 2017; 23:13270-13278. [PMID: 28597512 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Driving chemical transformations in dynamic thin films represents a rapidly thriving and diversifying research area. Dynamic thin films provide a number of benefits including large surface areas, high shearing rates, rapid heat and mass transfer, micromixing and fluidic pressure waves. Combinations of these effects provide an avant-garde style of conducting chemical reactions with surprising and unusual outcomes. The vortex fluidic device (VFD) has proved its capabilities in accelerating and increasing the efficiencies of numerous organic, materials and biochemical reactions. This Minireview surveys transformations that have benefited from VFD-mediated processing, and identifies concepts driving the effectiveness of vortex-based dynamic thin films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Britton
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697-2025, USA.,Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
| | - Keith A Stubbs
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Gregory A Weiss
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697-2025, USA
| | - Colin L Raston
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
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28
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Britton J, Dyer RP, Majumdar S, Raston CL, Weiss GA. Ten-Minute Protein Purification and Surface Tethering for Continuous-Flow Biocatalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:2296-2301. [PMID: 28133915 PMCID: PMC5480406 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201610821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Nature applies enzymatic assembly lines to synthesize bioactive compounds. Inspired by such capabilities, we have developed a facile method for spatially segregating attached enzymes in a continuous-flow, vortex fluidic device (VFD). Fused Hisn -tags at the protein termini allow rapid bioconjugation and consequent purification through complexation with immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) resin. Six proteins were purified from complex cell lysates to average homogeneities of 76 %. The most challenging to purify, tobacco epi-aristolochene synthase, was purified in only ten minutes from cell lysate to near homogeneity (>90 %). Furthermore, this "reaction-ready" system demonstrated excellent stability during five days of continuous-flow processing. Towards multi-step transformations in continuous flow, proteins were arrayed as ordered zones on the reactor surface allowing segregation of catalysts. Ordering enzymes into zones opens up new opportunities for continuous-flow biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Britton
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697-2025, USA
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, 5001, Australia
| | - Rebekah P Dyer
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697-2025, USA
| | - Sudipta Majumdar
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697-2025, USA
| | - Colin L Raston
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, 5001, Australia
| | - Gregory A Weiss
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697-2025, USA
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29
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Britton J, Dyer RP, Majumdar S, Raston CL, Weiss GA. Ten-Minute Protein Purification and Surface Tethering for Continuous-Flow Biocatalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201610821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Britton
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry; University of California; Irvine CA 92697-2025 USA
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology; Flinders University; Bedford Park Adelaide 5001 Australia
| | - Rebekah P. Dyer
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry; University of California; Irvine CA 92697-2025 USA
| | - Sudipta Majumdar
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry; University of California; Irvine CA 92697-2025 USA
| | - Colin L. Raston
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology; Flinders University; Bedford Park Adelaide 5001 Australia
| | - Gregory A. Weiss
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry; University of California; Irvine CA 92697-2025 USA
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30
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Vortex Fluidics Improved Morphology of CH3NH3PbI3-xClxFilms for Perovskite Solar Cells. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201601272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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31
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Jones DB, Raston C. Improving oxidation efficiency through plasma coupled thin film processing. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra09559g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma liquid processing efficiency improves by reducing the liquid film thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darryl B. Jones
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology
- College of Science and Engineering
- Flinders University
- Adelaide
- Australia
| | - Colin L. Raston
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology
- College of Science and Engineering
- Flinders University
- Adelaide
- Australia
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32
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D'Alonzo NJ, Eggers PK, Eroglu E, Raston CL. Shear Stress Induced Fabrication of Dandelion-Shaped Lanthanide Phosphate Nanoparticles. Aust J Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1071/ch16692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Lanthanide phosphate nanoparticles were co-precipitated under continuous flow in a vortex fluidic device in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) of different molecular weights and at varying rotational speeds and tilt angles. Dandelion-shaped lanthanide phosphate particles were produced at rotation speeds of 5000 rpm and 7000 rpm. In contrast, individual rods formed at 9000 rpm. Transition electron microscope images reveal changes in morphology of the dandelion-shaped nanoparticles with changes in the chain length of PVP or tilt angle of the tube of the vortex fluidic device. These morphological changes are likely to arise from different wrapping and aggregation of the nanoparticles induced by the PVP polymer under shear.
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33
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D'Alonzo NJ, Eggers PK, Raston CL. Vortex fluidics synthesis of polymer coated superparamagnetic magnetite nanoparticles. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj02900k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Polymer coated superparamagnetic magnetite nanoparticles with improved magnetic properties are accessible under continuous flow conditions within a vortex fluidic device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. D'Alonzo
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- The University of Western Australia
- Crawley
- Australia
| | - Paul K. Eggers
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- The University of Western Australia
- Crawley
- Australia
| | - Colin L. Raston
- Centre for Nanoscale Science and Technology
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
- Flinders University
- Bedford Park
- Australia
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34
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Mishra N, Poonia K, Soni SK, Kumar D. Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of Schiff base Ce(III) complexes. Polyhedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2016.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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35
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Ho LA, Raston CL, Stubbs KA. Transition-Metal-Free Cross-Coupling Reactions in Dynamic Thin Films To Access Pyrimidine and Quinoxaline Analogues. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Louisa A. Ho
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Western Australia; 35 Stirling Highway 6009 Crawley WA Australia
| | - Colin L. Raston
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences; Flinders University; Sturt Rd. 5042 Bedford Park SA Australia
| | - Keith A. Stubbs
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Western Australia; 35 Stirling Highway 6009 Crawley WA Australia
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36
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Clark CA, Lee DS, Pickering SJ, Poliakoff M, George MW. A Simple and Versatile Reactor for Photochemistry. Org Process Res Dev 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.6b00257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Michael W. George
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, 199 Taikang East Road, Ningbo 315100, China
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37
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Britton J, Meneghini LM, Raston CL, Weiss GA. Accelerating Enzymatic Catalysis Using Vortex Fluidics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:11387-91. [PMID: 27493015 PMCID: PMC5524626 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201604014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Enzymes catalyze chemical transformations with outstanding stereo- and regio-specificities, but many enzymes are limited by their long reaction times. A general method to accelerate enzymes using pressure waves contained within thin films is described. Each enzyme responds best to specific frequencies of pressure waves, and an acceleration landscape for each protein is reported. A vortex fluidic device introduces pressure waves that drive increased rate constants (kcat ) and enzymatic efficiency (kcat /Km ). Four enzymes displayed an average seven-fold acceleration, with deoxyribose-5-phosphate aldolase (DERA) achieving an average 15-fold enhancement using this approach. In solving a common problem in enzyme catalysis, a powerful, generalizable tool for enzyme acceleration has been uncovered. This research provides new insights into previously uncontrolled factors affecting enzyme function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Britton
- Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, 5001, Australia
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697-2025, USA
| | - Luz M Meneghini
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697-2025, USA
| | - Colin L Raston
- Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, 5001, Australia.
| | - Gregory A Weiss
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697-2025, USA.
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697-2025, USA.
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38
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Britton J, Meneghini LM, Raston CL, Weiss GA. Accelerating Enzymatic Catalysis Using Vortex Fluidics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201604014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Britton
- Chemical and Physical Sciences Flinders University Bedford Park Adelaide 5001 Australia
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697-2025 USA
| | - Luz M. Meneghini
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697-2025 USA
| | - Colin L. Raston
- Chemical and Physical Sciences Flinders University Bedford Park Adelaide 5001 Australia
| | - Gregory A. Weiss
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697-2025 USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697-2025 USA
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39
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Britton J, Castle JW, Weiss GA, Raston CL. Harnessing Thin-Film Continuous-Flow Assembly Lines. Chemistry 2016; 22:10773-6. [PMID: 27198926 PMCID: PMC5562431 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Inspired by nature's ability to construct complex molecules through sequential synthetic transformations, an assembly line synthesis of α-aminophosphonates has been developed. In this approach, simple starting materials are continuously fed through a thin-film reactor where the intermediates accrue molecular complexity as they progress through the flow system. Flow chemistry allows rapid multistep transformations to occur via reaction compartmentalization, an approach not amenable to using conventional flasks. Thin film processing can also access facile in situ solvent exchange to drive reaction efficiency, and through this method, α-aminophosphonate synthesis requires only 443 s residence time to produce 3.22 g h(-1) . Assembly-line synthesis allows unprecedented reaction flexibility and processing efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Britton
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, 92697-2025, USA
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, 5001, South Australia
| | - Jared W Castle
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, 5001, South Australia
| | - Gregory A Weiss
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, 92697-2025, USA.
| | - Colin L Raston
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, 5001, South Australia.
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40
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Yi M, Shen Z. Fluid dynamics: an emerging route for the scalable production of graphene in the last five years. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra15269d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluid dynamics emerging as a promising scalable and efficient way for graphene production is highlighted, with the emphasis set on vortex fluidic devices and pressure- and mixer-driven fluid dynamics and the perspectives on the open key issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yi
- Institute of Materials Science
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- Darmstadt 64287
- Germany
| | - Zhigang Shen
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Powder Technology Research and Development
- Beihang University (BUAA)
- Beijing 100191
- China
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41
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Kumari H, Kline SR, Kennedy SR, Garvey C, Raston CL, Atwood JL, Steed JW. Manipulating three-dimensional gel network entanglement by thin film shearing. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:4513-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc00171h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A novel method of combining thin-film shearing with SANS resulted in complete disruption of 3-D network of fluorous bis-urea gel. In contrast, non-fluorinated analogue undergoes partial disruption which emphasizes the resistance of non-fluorous bis-urea gelators towards shear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshita Kumari
- James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy
- University of Cincinnati
- Cincinnati
- USA
| | - Steven R. Kline
- NIST Center for Neutron Research
- National Institute of Standards and Technology
- Gaithersburg
- USA
| | | | - Christopher Garvey
- Bragg Institute
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization
- Lucas Heights
- Australia
| | - Colin L. Raston
- Flinders Centre for NanoScale Science & Technology
- School of Chemical & Physical Sciences
- Flinders University
- Adelaide
- Australia
| | - Jerry L. Atwood
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Missouri-Columbia
- Columbia
- USA
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42
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Jones DB, Chen X, Sibley A, Quinton JS, Shearer CJ, Gibson CT, Raston CL. Plasma enhanced vortex fluidic device manipulation of graphene oxide. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:10755-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc04032b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A vortex fluid device (VFD) with non-thermal plasma liquid processing within dynamic thin films has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darryl B. Jones
- Centre for Nanoscale Science and Technology
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
- Flinders University
- Adelaide
- Australia
| | - Xianjue Chen
- Centre for Nanoscale Science and Technology
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
- Flinders University
- Adelaide
- Australia
| | - Alexander Sibley
- Centre for Nanoscale Science and Technology
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
- Flinders University
- Adelaide
- Australia
| | - Jamie S. Quinton
- Centre for Nanoscale Science and Technology
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
- Flinders University
- Adelaide
- Australia
| | - Cameron J. Shearer
- Centre for Nanoscale Science and Technology
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
- Flinders University
- Adelaide
- Australia
| | - Christopher T. Gibson
- Centre for Nanoscale Science and Technology
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
- Flinders University
- Adelaide
- Australia
| | - Colin L. Raston
- Centre for Nanoscale Science and Technology
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
- Flinders University
- Adelaide
- Australia
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43
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Gandy MN, Raston CL, Stubbs KA. Towards aryl C-N bond formation in dynamic thin films. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 12:4594-7. [PMID: 24887640 DOI: 10.1039/c4ob00926f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
C-N bond forming reactions are important in organic chemistry. A thin film microfluidic vortex fluidic device (VFD) operating under confined mode affords N-aryl compounds from 2-chloropyrazine and the corresponding amine, without the need for a transition metal catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael N Gandy
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
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44
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Britton J, Chalker JM, Raston CL. Rapid Vortex Fluidics: Continuous Flow Synthesis of Amides and Local Anesthetic Lidocaine. Chemistry 2015; 21:10660-5. [PMID: 26095879 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Thin film flow chemistry using a vortex fluidic device (VFD) is effective in the scalable acylation of amines under shear, with the yields of the amides dramatically enhanced relative to traditional batch techniques. The optimized monophasic flow conditions are effective in ≤80 seconds at room temperature, enabling access to structurally diverse amides, functionalized amino acids and substituted ureas on multigram scales. Amide synthesis under flow was also extended to a total synthesis of local anesthetic lidocaine, with sequential reactions carried out in two serially linked VFD units. The synthesis could also be executed in a single VFD, in which the tandem reactions involve reagent delivery at different positions along the rapidly rotating tube with in situ solvent replacement, as a molecular assembly line process. This further highlights the versatility of the VFD in organic synthesis, as does the finding of a remarkably efficient debenzylation of p-methoxybenzyl amines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Britton
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042 (Australia)
| | - Justin M Chalker
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042 (Australia)
| | - Colin L Raston
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042 (Australia).
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45
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Vimalanathan K, Chen X, Raston CL. Shear induced fabrication of intertwined single walled carbon nanotube rings. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 50:11295-8. [PMID: 24918519 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc03126a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Thin film microfluidic shearing of a mixture of toluene dispersed single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and water in a vortex fluidic device results in SWCNT nanorings (and related structures), diameters 100 to 200 nm or 300 to 700 nm, for respectively 10 mm or 20 mm diameter rotating tubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasturi Vimalanathan
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia.
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46
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Shear induced carboplatin binding within the cavity of a phospholipid mimic for increased anticancer efficacy. Sci Rep 2015; 5:10414. [PMID: 26000441 PMCID: PMC5386247 DOI: 10.1038/srep10414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Vesicles 107 ± 19 nm in diameter, based on the self-assembly of tetra-para-phosphonomethyl calix[4]- arene bearing n-hexyl moieties attached to the phenolic oxygen centres, are effective in binding carboplatin within the cavity of the macrocycle under shear induced within a dynamic thin film in a continuous flow vortex fluidic device. Post shearing the vesicles maintain similar diameters and retain carboplatin within the cavity of the calixarene in a hierarchical structure, with their size and morphology investigated using DLS, TEM, SEM and AFM. Location of the carboplatin was confirmed using NMR, FTIR, ESI-MS and EFTEM, with molecular modelling favouring the polar groups of carboplatin hydrogen bonded to phosphonic acid moieties and the four member cyclobutane ring directed into the cavity of the calixarene. The loading efficiency and release profile of carboplatin was investigated using LC-TOF/MS, with the high loading of the drug achieved under shear and preferential released at pH 5.5, offering scope for anti-cancer drug delivery. The hierarchical structured vesicles increase the efficacy of carboplatin by 4.5 fold on ovarian cancer cells, lowered the IC50 concentration by 10 fold, and markedly increased the percent of cells in the S-phase (DNA replication) of the cell cycle.
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47
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Peng W, Chen X, Zhu S, Guo C, Raston CL. Room temperature vortex fluidic synthesis of monodispersed amorphous proto-vaterite. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 50:11764-7. [PMID: 25145979 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc05607h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Monodispersed particles of amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) 90 to 200 nm in diameter are accessible at room temperature in ethylene glycol and water using a vortex fluidic device (VFD). The ACC material is stable for at least two weeks under ambient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhong Peng
- State Key laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 DongChuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
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48
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Yuan TZ, Ormonde CFG, Kudlacek ST, Kunche S, Smith JN, Brown WA, Pugliese KM, Olsen TJ, Iftikhar M, Raston CL, Weiss GA. Shear-stress-mediated refolding of proteins from aggregates and inclusion bodies. Chembiochem 2015; 16:393-6. [PMID: 25620679 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201402427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant protein overexpression of large proteins in bacteria often results in insoluble and misfolded proteins directed to inclusion bodies. We report the application of shear stress in micrometer-wide, thin fluid films to refold boiled hen egg white lysozyme, recombinant hen egg white lysozyme, and recombinant caveolin-1. Furthermore, the approach allowed refolding of a much larger protein, cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA). The reported methods require only minutes, which is more than 100 times faster than conventional overnight dialysis. This rapid refolding technique could significantly shorten times, lower costs, and reduce waste streams associated with protein expression for a wide range of industrial and research applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Z Yuan
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Irvine, CA, 92697-2025 (USA)
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49
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Britton J, Dalziel SB, Raston CL. Continuous flow Fischer esterifications harnessing vibrational-coupled thin film fluidics. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra11777h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic synthesis under shear: high yielding, acid catalysed, continuous flow synthesis of esters involves coupling of vibrations in thin film fluidics, as rapid environmentally friendly organic methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Britton
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
- Flinders University
- Australia
| | - Stuart B. Dalziel
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics
- University of Cambridge
- UK
| | - Colin L. Raston
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
- Flinders University
- Australia
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50
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Wahid MH, Eroglu E, LaVars SM, Newton K, Gibson CT, Stroeher UH, Chen X, Boulos RA, Raston CL, Harmer SL. Microencapsulation of bacterial strains in graphene oxide nano-sheets using vortex fluidics. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra04415d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Microencapsulation of bacterial cells with different shapes in graphene oxide (GO) layers is effective using a vortex fluidic device, with the bacterial cells showing restricted cellular growth with their biological activity sustained.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Haniff Wahid
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
- Flinders University
- Australia
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Ela Eroglu
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology
- The University of Western Australia
- Crawley
- Australia
| | - Sian M. LaVars
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
- Flinders University
- Australia
| | - Kelly Newton
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
- Flinders University
- Australia
| | - Christopher T. Gibson
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
- Flinders University
- Australia
| | | | - Xianjue Chen
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
- Flinders University
- Australia
| | - Ramiz A. Boulos
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
- Flinders University
- Australia
| | - Colin L. Raston
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
- Flinders University
- Australia
| | - Sarah-L. Harmer
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
- Flinders University
- Australia
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