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Liu YX, Wang L, Zhang CY, Long KH, Liu J, Liu S, Wang Y, Li Y, Liu Y, Zhang H. The extract of an herbal medicine Chebulae fructus inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma by suppressing the Apelin/APJ system. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1413463. [PMID: 38881868 PMCID: PMC11177762 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1413463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been a highly common and pathological disease worldwide, while current therapeutic regimens have limitations. Chebulae Fructus, a common herbal medicine in Asia, has been documented to exert potential therapeutic effects on HCC in ancient medicine clinical practice. However, the molecular mechanism underlying its inhibitory effects on HCC requires further investigation. Methods: In this study, the anti-HCC effect of the aqueous extract of Chebulae Fructus (CFE) on human HCC and its underlying mechanism were evaluated. Assays including CCK8, EdU staining, crystal violet staining, cell clone formation, flow cytometry, wound healing, and transwell were used in vitro. The cell-derived xenograft (CDX) and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models were used in vivo. Transcriptomics analysis, qRT-PCR, ELISA, IHC staining, and Western blotting were employed to determine the mechanism of action of CFE. Results: The results demonstrate that CFE effectively suppressed the proliferation and activity of HepG2 and PLC/PRF/5 HCC cells. CFE also induced apoptosis, and suppressed the migration and invasion abilities of these cells. Furthermore, CFE exhibited inhibitory effects on tumor growth in both H22 and PLC/PRF/5 mouse models, as well as in an HCC PDX model which is derived from patient tumor samples. Moreover, it was identified that CFE treatment specifically suppressed the Apelin/APJ system in HCC cells and tumor tissues. To investigate the role of the Apelin/APJ system in mediating the effects of CFE treatment, an APJ overexpressed cell model is established. Interestingly, it was found that the overexpression of APJ significantly diminished the inhibitory effects of CFE on HCC in vitro. Discussion: Collectively, this study provides compelling evidence that CFE exerts significant anti-HCC effects in cell and animal models. Moreover, our findings suggest that the Apelin/APJ system may play a vital role in the therapeutic effects of CFE against HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xi Liu
- Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Xi'an, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Middle Section of Century Avenue, Xianyang, China
| | | | - Kai-Hua Long
- Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Xi'an, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Xi'an, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Xi'an, China
| | - Ye Li
- Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Xi'an, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Xi'an, China
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Middle Section of Century Avenue, Xianyang, China
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Jing J, Guo J, Dai R, Zhu C, Zhang Z. Targeting gut microbiota and immune crosstalk: potential mechanisms of natural products in the treatment of atherosclerosis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1252907. [PMID: 37719851 PMCID: PMC10504665 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1252907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory reaction that primarily affects large and medium-sized arteries. It is a major cause of cardiovascular disease and peripheral arterial occlusive disease. The pathogenesis of AS involves specific structural and functional alterations in various populations of vascular cells at different stages of the disease. The immune response is involved throughout the entire developmental stage of AS, and targeting immune cells presents a promising avenue for its treatment. Over the past 2 decades, studies have shown that gut microbiota (GM) and its metabolites, such as trimethylamine-N-oxide, have a significant impact on the progression of AS. Interestingly, it has also been reported that there are complex mechanisms of action between GM and their metabolites, immune responses, and natural products that can have an impact on AS. GM and its metabolites regulate the functional expression of immune cells and have potential impacts on AS. Natural products have a wide range of health properties, and researchers are increasingly focusing on their role in AS. Now, there is compelling evidence that natural products provide an alternative approach to improving immune function in the AS microenvironment by modulating the GM. Natural product metabolites such as resveratrol, berberine, curcumin, and quercetin may improve the intestinal microenvironment by modulating the relative abundance of GM, which in turn influences the accumulation of GM metabolites. Natural products can delay the progression of AS by regulating the metabolism of GM, inhibiting the migration of monocytes and macrophages, promoting the polarization of the M2 phenotype of macrophages, down-regulating the level of inflammatory factors, regulating the balance of Treg/Th17, and inhibiting the formation of foam cells. Based on the above, we describe recent advances in the use of natural products that target GM and immune cells crosstalk to treat AS, which may bring some insights to guide the treatment of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpeng Jing
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Dai
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Chaojun Zhu
- Institute of TCM Ulcers, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Surgical Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhaohui Zhang
- Institute of TCM Ulcers, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Surgical Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Emerging biotechnology applications in natural product and synthetic pharmaceutical analyses. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:4075-4097. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Lei Y, Jiang J, Li X, Li Q, Li C. A nine‐coordinated bismuth(III) Schiff‐base complex: Design, synthesis, computational studies, and antimicrobial activity. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan‐Hua Lei
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Xiangnan Rare‐Precious Metals Compounds and Applications, College of Chemical Biology and Environmental Engineering Xiangnan University Chenzhou Hunan Province China
| | - Jian‐Hong Jiang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Xiangnan Rare‐Precious Metals Compounds and Applications, College of Chemical Biology and Environmental Engineering Xiangnan University Chenzhou Hunan Province China
| | - Xu Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Xiangnan Rare‐Precious Metals Compounds and Applications, College of Chemical Biology and Environmental Engineering Xiangnan University Chenzhou Hunan Province China
| | - Qiang‐Guo Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Xiangnan Rare‐Precious Metals Compounds and Applications, College of Chemical Biology and Environmental Engineering Xiangnan University Chenzhou Hunan Province China
| | - Chuan‐Hua Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Xiangnan Rare‐Precious Metals Compounds and Applications, College of Chemical Biology and Environmental Engineering Xiangnan University Chenzhou Hunan Province China
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Chen YH, Bi JH, Xie M, Zhang H, Shi ZQ, Guo H, Yin HB, Zhang JN, Xin GZ, Song HP. Classification-based strategies to simplify complex traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) researches through liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in the last decade (2011-2020): Theory, technical route and difficulty. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1651:462307. [PMID: 34161837 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The difficulty of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) researches lies in the complexity of components, metabolites, and bioactivities. For a long time, there has been a lack of connections among the three parts, which is not conducive to the systematic elucidation of TCM effectiveness. To overcome this problem, a classification-based methodology for simplifying TCM researches was refined from literature in the past 10 years (2011-2020). The theoretical basis of this methodology is set theory, and its core concept is classification. Its starting point is that "although TCM may contain hundreds of compounds, the vast majority of these compounds are structurally similar". The methodology is composed by research strategies for components, metabolites and bioactivities of TCM, which are the three main parts of the review. Technical route, key steps and difficulty are introduced in each part. Two perspectives are highlighted in this review: set theory is a theoretical basis for all strategies from a conceptual perspective, and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is a common tool for all strategies from a technical perspective. The significance of these strategies is to simplify complex TCM researches, integrate isolated TCM researches, and build a bridge between traditional medicines and modern medicines. Potential research hotspots in the future, such as discovery of bioactive ingredients from TCM metabolites, are also discussed. The classification-based methodology is a summary of research experience in the past 10 years. We believe it will definitely provide support and reference for the following TCM researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory for Identification and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Liaoning Province, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Jing-Hua Bi
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Ming Xie
- Key Laboratory for Identification and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Liaoning Province, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Identification and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Liaoning Province, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Zi-Qi Shi
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Hua Guo
- Key Laboratory for Identification and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Liaoning Province, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Hai-Bo Yin
- Key Laboratory for Identification and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Liaoning Province, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Jia-Nuo Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Identification and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Liaoning Province, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Gui-Zhong Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Hui-Peng Song
- Key Laboratory for Identification and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Liaoning Province, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China.
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Zhang F, Yang P, He Q, Dong X, Zhang S. Is gastrointestinal motility related to alkaloids of Charred Semen Arecae? JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 257:112825. [PMID: 32320728 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Semen Arecae (SA) is one of the most commonly used Traditional Chinese Medicine. Charred Semen Arecae (CSA) is the processed product of SA. Alkaloids are considered as pharmacological mechanisms of SA and CSA on gastrointestinal motility. Recent studies have shown alkaloids decreased quickly after procession. However, the promoting on gastrointestinal motility were not decreased. Is gastrointestinal motility related to alkaloids of CSA? This study explored the effects of SA, CSA, Semen Arecae-Removal (SA-R), and Charred Semen Arecae-Removal (CSA-R) on gastrointestinal motility, Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide (GIP), Glucagon Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1), gastric juice and bile in rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS Rats were randomly divided into six groups, including the Control group, SA group, CSA group, SA-R group, CSA-R group, and Positive drug group (Mosapride). Alkaloids of samples were knocked out by using the "target constituent removal" strategy. Gastric residue and intestinal propulsion rate were evaluated in rats. Serum levels of GIP and GLP-1 were measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Gastric juice and bile were examined, respectively. RESULTS CSA-R and SA-R have been investigated by the Preparative Thin-layer Chromatography (PTLC) method. Intestinal propulsion and gastric residue assessments confirmed the effectiveness of CSA and CSA-R. CSA-R was higher than SA-R in the GLP-1, pepsin activity, the secretion of bile, Bilirubin (BIL), and Cholesterol (CHO). The statistical comparison demonstrated that there is no difference between the CSA group and CSA-R group. CONCLUSIONS After processing, the promoting gastrointestinal motility might be not related to alkaloids. Maillard reaction could be produced to promote the secretion of GLP-1, bile, and CHO for gastrointestinal motility. Our findings provide a pharmacological reference for the clinical application of SA and CSA in the treatment of digestive diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Peng Yang
- Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Qiujun He
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xing Dong
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Sanyin Zhang
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Liu Y, Zhang Y, Meng Q, Long J, Wang M, Zhang X, Yan C, Yan D. Metabolic profile of alkaloids in Rhizoma Coptidis in rat plasma, urine and feces after oral administration using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2020; 34:e8763. [PMID: 32077179 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Rhizoma Coptidis (RC) has been used to treat diabetes, pertussis, bacillary dysentery, sore throat, eczema, and aphtha for thousands of years. Alkaloids are the major components in RC, and its curative effect is achieved by oral administration. However, information on its composition in vivo is weak. METHODS In this study, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/QTOF-MS) was used to analyze the major active components and their metabolites in rat plasma, urine and feces after oral administration of RC extract. RESULTS A total of 96 compounds including 8 prototype compounds and 88 metabolites were identified, and hydroxylation, reduction, demethylenation, demethylation, dehydrogenation, sulfation, glucuronidation and methylation were the major metabolic pathways. CONCLUSIONS This study analyzed metabolic processes of the major active components in RC in vivo, which provided important information for its active composition and in vivo mechanism research. Meanwhile, metabolic profile studies on representative compounds provided valuable reference materials to elucidate the full-scale metabolites of RC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-characteristic Profiling for Evaluation of Rational Drug Use, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-characteristic Profiling for Evaluation of Rational Drug Use, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Qi Meng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-characteristic Profiling for Evaluation of Rational Drug Use, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China
| | - Jianglan Long
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-characteristic Profiling for Evaluation of Rational Drug Use, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Man Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-characteristic Profiling for Evaluation of Rational Drug Use, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Can Yan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Dan Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-characteristic Profiling for Evaluation of Rational Drug Use, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
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Simultaneous quantification of six indicator compounds in Wen-Qing-Yin by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection. J Food Drug Anal 2019; 27:749-757. [PMID: 31324290 PMCID: PMC9307046 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple gradient high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) method was used to simultaneously to analyze characteristics of six indicator compounds in the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulation Wen-Qing-Yin (WQY). Separate optimization was performed using a Cosmosil C18 column gradient method with 0.1% formic acid in both mobile phases of aqueous and acetonitrile (ACN), at a flow rate, detection wavelength, and sample volume of 1.8 mL/min, 268 nm, and 10 μL, respectively. The linear regression of six active compounds berberine (BER), baicalin (BAI), ferulic acid (FER), geniposide (GEN), hydorxymethoxylfurfural (HMF), and paeoniflorin (PAE) was produced at the concentration range of 10–2000 μg/mL. The method validation revealed an acceptable precision (intra- and inter-day precision < 3.39% and 4.11%, respectively) and recovery (85.60–110.45% and 86.58–110.90%), a recovery range of 86.61–109.42%, and sensitivity (limit of detection [LOD] and limit of quantification [LOQ] values were in the range of 0.03–3.13, and 0.08–9.38 μg/mL, respectively) while the calibration curves were linear with a correlation coefficient (R2) ranging from 0.9966 to 0.9989. The qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed by direct comparison of the peaks of the WCY extract to retention times of reference standards. Additionally, principal component analysis (PCA) successfully discriminated four purchased commercial samples of all six indicator constituents, and the present results indicate their comprehensive potential usefulness for qualitative and quantitative analyses of the WQY decoction and its commercial products.
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Yang ZR, Wang ZH, Tang JF, Yan Y, Yue SJ, Feng WW, Shi ZY, Meng XT, Peng C, Wang CY, Meng DL, Yan D. UPLC-QTOF/MS E and Bioassay Are Available Approaches for Identifying Quality Fluctuation of Xueshuantong Lyophilized Powder in Clinic. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:633. [PMID: 29962950 PMCID: PMC6013573 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Xueshuantong Lyophilized Powder (XST), consisting of a series of saponins extracted from Panax notoginseng, is widely applied to treat acute cerebral infarction, stroke, and coronary heart disease in China. However, most adverse drug reactions (ADR) in clinic are caused by quality problems of XST. In this study, six batches of certainly abnormal, four batches of possibly abnormal XST, and eight batches of normal XST were obtained from the clinical practice. Their quality fluctuations were identified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with an electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry operating in MSE mode (UPLC-QTOF/MSE) and bioassays including antithrombin and proplasmin assay. Fourteen potential components responsible for clinical ADR were identified by UPLC-QTOF/MSE, especially ginsenoside Rg1, Rg3, Rb1 and notoginsenoside R1. In addition, 83.3% (5/6) and 50.0% (3/6) certainly abnormal samples could be identified by UPLC-QTOF/MSE and bioassay, respectively. Interestingly, further integration of the two methods could entirely identify all the certainly abnormal samples and inferred that all the possibly abnormal samples were closely related to their quality fluctuation. It indicates that it is advisable to combine UPLC-QTOF/MSE and bioassay for identifying quality fluctuation of XST, and thus reduce its ADR in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Rui Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-characteristic Profiling for Evaluation of Rational Drug Use, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zi-Hao Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-characteristic Profiling for Evaluation of Rational Drug Use, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jin-Fa Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Yan
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shi-Jun Yue
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-characteristic Profiling for Evaluation of Rational Drug Use, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wu-Wen Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zheng-Yuan Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-characteristic Profiling for Evaluation of Rational Drug Use, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Tong Meng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-characteristic Profiling for Evaluation of Rational Drug Use, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chang-Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs (Ministry of Education of China), School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Da-Li Meng
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dan Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-characteristic Profiling for Evaluation of Rational Drug Use, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Xiong Y, Hu Y, Li F, Chen L, Dong Q, Wang J, Gullen EA, Cheng YC, Xiao X. Promotion of quality standard of Chinese herbal medicine by the integrated and efficacy-oriented quality marker of Effect-constituent Index. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 45:26-35. [PMID: 29551646 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple constituents have been applied currently as markers to control the quality of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM). However, those constituents are isolated from each other, failed to present their contribution differences to the bioeffect of CHM. Besides, a CHM for different clinic uses is often controlled by the same quality marker (Q-marker), which cannot correlate its efficacies differentially. PURPOSE The study aims to promote the quality standard of CHM by the integrated and efficacy-oriented Q-marker of Effect-constituent Index (ECI). METHODS With Coptidis Rhizoma (C. Rhizoma) as a case study, the Q-marker of ECI based on the integration of bioeffect and active constituents was developed. According to the efficacies of C. Rhizoma, we investigated its antibacterial and antineoplastic effects by microcalorimetry and MTT assay, respectively. High performance liquid chromatography was performed to determine the active constituents of C. Rhizoma extract simultaneously. ECIS of inhibition on Shigella dysenteriae (S. dysenteriae) and ECIH of inhibition on HepG2 cells were established by multi-indicator synthetic evaluation method. The organoleptic evaluation scores of C. Rhizoma samples were given by Delphi method. RESULTS The correlation analysis showed that ECIS and ECIH were significantly correlated with the inhibiting effects of C. Rhizoma extract on the growth of S. dysenteriae (P < 0.01) and proliferation of HepG2 cells (P < 0.01), respectively. Moreover, ECI showed a good ability to distinguish and predict the bioeffect-based quality grade, whereas the organoleptic evaluation and chemical analysis failed to achieve it. Plus, some samples with lower ECIS showed higher ECIH and vice versa. CONCLUSIONS The Q-marker of ECI is useful to associate different pharmacologic effects of C. Rhizoma containing multiple active constituents, which is beneficial for the improvement of quality standard of the CHM in an integrated, convenient, and differentiated way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Xiong
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650504, China; College of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Yupiao Hu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650504, China
| | - Fan Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650504, China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650504, China
| | - Qin Dong
- China Military Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Jiabo Wang
- China Military Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Elizabeth A Gullen
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Yung-Chi Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Xiaohe Xiao
- China Military Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, 302 Military Hospital, Beijing 100039, China.
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Feng WW, Zhang Y, Tang JF, Zhang CE, Dong Q, Li RY, Xiao XH, Peng C, Dong XP, Yan D. Combination of chemical fingerprinting with bioassay, a preferable approach for quality control of Safflower Injection. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1003:56-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.11.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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A Bioactive Chemical Markers Based Strategy for Quality Assessment of Botanical Drugs: Xuesaitong Injection as a Case Study. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2410. [PMID: 28546540 PMCID: PMC5445085 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02305-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Current chemical markers based quality assessment methods largely fail to reflect intrinsic chemical complexity and multiple mechanisms of action of botanical drugs (BD). The development of novel quality markers is greatly needed. Here we propose bioactive chemical markers (BCM), defined as a group of chemo-markers that exhibit similar pharmacological activities comparable to the whole BD, which can therefore be used to effectively assess the quality of BD. As a proof-of-concept, a BCM-based strategy was developed and applied to Xuesaitong Injection (XST) for assessing the efficacy and consistency of different batches. Firstly, systemic characterization of chemical profile of XST revealed a total number of 97 compounds. Secondly, notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1, Re, Rb1 and Rd were identified as BCM of XST on treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases according to Adjusted Efficacy Score following an in vivo validation. Analytical method for quantification of BCM was then developed to ensure the efficacy of XST. Finally, chemical fingerprinting was developed and used to evaluate the batch-to-batch consistency. Our present case study on XST demonstrates that BCM-based strategy offers a rational approach for quality assessment of BD and provides a workflow for chemistry, manufacturing, and controls (CMC) study of BD required by regulatory authority.
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A New Strategy for Quality Evaluation and Identification of Representative Chemical Components in Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:6238464. [PMID: 28243311 PMCID: PMC5294750 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6238464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. (HSW) is widely used as herb medicine and health food additive. Recently, a series of HSW-induced hepatotoxicities have been reported and many studies have been carried out to investigate it. But contradictory conclusions were drawn that might be caused by the inconsistent quality of market decoction pieces. Therefore, the HSW decoction pieces quality was evaluated with a developed novel method in the paper. 25 batches of raw HSW (RHSW) and 21 batches of processed HSW (PHSW) samples were purchased from different provinces of China. HPLC determination was performed to identify and detect the contents of 16 chemical compounds in herbal material. Fingerprint similarity was analyzed using chromatography information and the results showed that most herbs were in good similarity. Then, a comprehensive evaluation strategy based on principal component analysis with representative quality control indicators was developed to evaluate the quality of HSW samples. And the rationality of the developed method was verified by HCA analysis. The results showed that the herb from Dabashan, Sichuan Province, no matter RHSW or PHSW had the best quality. Different representative components were selected for RHSW or PHSW decoction pieces which might be caused by the chemical reaction during processing. And most PHSW were unqualified according to the requirement of Chinese Pharmacopeia which might take the responsibility for the toxicity of HSW.
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Using the "target constituent removal combined with bioactivity assay" strategy to investigate the optimum arecoline content in charred areca nut. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40278. [PMID: 28054652 PMCID: PMC5215198 DOI: 10.1038/srep40278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Charred areca nut (CAN) is used to treat dyspepsia and abdominal distension in children. However, reports revealed that arecoline, the most important active constituent of CAN, possesses potential toxicities. This study was designed to investigate the optimum arecoline content in CAN, using the "target constituent removal combined with bioactivity assay" strategy. Based on PTLC method, we prepared CAN lacking all arecoline (WAC-100R) and a series of different ratios of arecoline-removed CAN samples (WAC-Rx). MTT and acute toxicity assays indicated that decreasing content by 50% decreased CAN toxicity significantly. Animal results revealed arecoline contents over 50% could guarantee the beneficial effects of CAN on gastrointestinal tract. Additionally, decreasing arecoline content in CAN by 50% decreased its pro-apoptotic effects significantly. Furthermore, decreasing 50% arecoline content in CAN down-regulated the expressions of Cleaved-Caspase-3, c-jun, c-fos, COX-2, PGE2, and IL-1α. Thus, our results revealed that CAN with 50% arecoline content (WAC-50R) has similar beneficial effects on the gastrointestinal tract to CAN, whereas its toxicity was decreased significantly. Collectively, our study suggested that the strategy of "target constituent removal combined with bioactivity assay" is a promising method to identify the optimum arecoline content in CAN, which is approximately 0.12%.
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Role of Berberine in the Treatment of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24748. [PMID: 27103062 PMCID: PMC4840435 DOI: 10.1038/srep24748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Berberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid widely used in the treatment of microbial infections. Recent studies have shown that berberine can enhance the inhibitory efficacy of antibiotics against clinical multi-drug resistant isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). However, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we demonstrated that sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of berberine exhibited no bactericidal activity against MRSA, but affected MRSA biofilm development in a dose dependent manner within the concentration ranging from 1 to 64 μg/mL. Further study indicated that berberine inhibited MRSA amyloid fibrils formation, which consist of phenol-soluble modulins (PSMs). Molecular dynamics simulation revealed that berberine could bind with the phenyl ring of Phe19 in PSMα2 through hydrophobic interaction. Collectively, berberine can inhibit MRSA biofilm formation via affecting PSMs’ aggregation into amyloid fibrils, and thereby enhance bactericidal activity of antibiotics. These findings will provide new insights into the multiple pharmacological properties of berberine in the treatment of microbial-generated amyloid involved diseases.
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Tu B, Li RR, Liu ZJ, Chen ZF, Ouyang Y, Hu YJ. Structure-activity relationship study between baicalein and wogonin by spectrometry, molecular docking and microcalorimetry. Food Chem 2016; 208:192-8. [PMID: 27132840 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Flavones (e.g. baicalein and wogonin) extensively used worldwide in food preparation and traditional medicine. In this study, a systematically comparative study of their structure-activity relationships (SAR) on their interaction with BSA, antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity has been carried out by spectrometry, molecular docking and microcalorimetry. Our results show that the skeleton structure of flavones, the number of hydroxyl groups, the type of functional group, conjugated system and the steric hindrance may be responsible for their different biological activity. These findings not only would lay a scientific foundation for discovering and designing flavones-based food and drug, may also help us to understanding the structure-activity relationship between flavones at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Tu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Rare Metal Chemistry, Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis & Reuse Technology, Department of Chemistry, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, PR China
| | - Rong-Rong Li
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Rare Metal Chemistry, Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis & Reuse Technology, Department of Chemistry, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, PR China
| | - Zhi-Juan Liu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Rare Metal Chemistry, Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis & Reuse Technology, Department of Chemistry, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, PR China
| | - Zhi-Feng Chen
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Rare Metal Chemistry, Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis & Reuse Technology, Department of Chemistry, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, PR China
| | - Yu Ouyang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Rare Metal Chemistry, Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis & Reuse Technology, Department of Chemistry, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, PR China
| | - Yan-Jun Hu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Rare Metal Chemistry, Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis & Reuse Technology, Department of Chemistry, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, PR China.
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Zhou W, Cai B, Shan J, Wang S, Di L. Discovery and Current Status of Evaluation System of Bioavailability and Related Pharmaceutical Technologies for Traditional Chinese Medicines--Flos Lonicerae Japonicae--Fructus Forsythiae Herb Couples as an Example. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:28812-40. [PMID: 26690115 PMCID: PMC4691079 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161226132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 11/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have attracted extensive interest throughout the world due to their long history of health protection and disease control, and the internalization of TCM preparations or patented drugs has been considered a wind vane in the process of TCM modernization. However, multi-target effects, caused by multiple components in TCMs, hinder not only the construction of the quality evaluation system (bioavailability), but also the application of pharmaceutical technologies, which results in the poor efficacy in clinical practice. This review describes the methods in the literature as well as in our thoughts about how to identify the marker components, establish the evaluation system of bioavailability, and improve the bioavailability in TCM preparations. We expect that the current study will be positive and informative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- College of pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Efficient Delivery System of TCM, Nanjing 210023, China.
- Nanjing Engineering Research Center for Industrialization of Chinese Medicine Pellets, Nanjing 210023, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Baochang Cai
- College of pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
- Nanjing Haichang Chinese Medicine Group Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Jinjun Shan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Shouchuan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Liuqing Di
- College of pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Efficient Delivery System of TCM, Nanjing 210023, China.
- Nanjing Engineering Research Center for Industrialization of Chinese Medicine Pellets, Nanjing 210023, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Li Y, Wang Y, Yang B, Wang Y, Hou Z, Li A, Xu Y, Ju L, Wu H, Zhang Y. A practical and novel “standard addition” strategy to screen pharmacodynamic components in traditional Chinese medicine using Heishunpian as an example. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra00461f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The standard addition strategy allows accurate pharmacodynamic compounds screening and embodies the systematic nature of TCM.
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