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Xiao P, Yu Y, Cheng J, Chen Y, Yuan S, Chen J, Yuan J, Liu B. Advances in Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes Possessing Improved Lifetime. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:E103. [PMID: 33406749 PMCID: PMC7823701 DOI: 10.3390/nano11010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recently, perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) are seeing an increasing academic and industrial interest with a potential for a broad range of technologies including display, lighting, and signaling. The maximum external quantum efficiency of PeLEDs can overtake 20% nowadays, however, the lifetime of PeLEDs is still far from the demand of practical applications. In this review, state-of-the-art concepts to improve the lifetime of PeLEDs are comprehensively summarized from the perspective of the design of perovskite emitting materials, the innovation of device engineering, the manipulation of optical effects, and the introduction of advanced encapsulations. First, the fundamental concepts determining the lifetime of PeLEDs are presented. Then, the strategies to improve the lifetime of both organic-inorganic hybrid and all-inorganic PeLEDs are highlighted. Particularly, the approaches to manage optical effects and encapsulations for the improved lifetime, which are negligibly studied in PeLEDs, are discussed based on the related concepts of organic LEDs and Cd-based quantum-dot LEDs, which is beneficial to insightfully understand the lifetime of PeLEDs. At last, the challenges and opportunities to further enhance the lifetime of PeLEDs are introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xiao
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Joint Laboratory, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (P.X.); (J.C.); (Y.C.); (S.Y.); (J.C.); (J.Y.)
| | - Yicong Yu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Joint Laboratory, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (P.X.); (J.C.); (Y.C.); (S.Y.); (J.C.); (J.Y.)
| | - Junyang Cheng
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Joint Laboratory, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (P.X.); (J.C.); (Y.C.); (S.Y.); (J.C.); (J.Y.)
| | - Yonglong Chen
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Joint Laboratory, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (P.X.); (J.C.); (Y.C.); (S.Y.); (J.C.); (J.Y.)
| | - Shengjin Yuan
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Joint Laboratory, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (P.X.); (J.C.); (Y.C.); (S.Y.); (J.C.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jianwen Chen
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Joint Laboratory, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (P.X.); (J.C.); (Y.C.); (S.Y.); (J.C.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jian Yuan
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Joint Laboratory, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (P.X.); (J.C.); (Y.C.); (S.Y.); (J.C.); (J.Y.)
| | - Baiquan Liu
- School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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Luo D, Wang L, Qiu Y, Huang R, Liu B. Emergence of Impurity-Doped Nanocrystal Light-Emitting Diodes. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1226. [PMID: 32599722 PMCID: PMC7353084 DOI: 10.3390/nano10061226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, impurity-doped nanocrystal light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have aroused both academic and industrial interest since they are highly promising to satisfy the increasing demand of display, lighting, and signaling technologies. Compared with undoped counterparts, impurity-doped nanocrystal LEDs have been demonstrated to possess many extraordinary characteristics including enhanced efficiency, increased luminance, reduced voltage, and prolonged stability. In this review, recent state-of-the-art concepts to achieve high-performance impurity-doped nanocrystal LEDs are summarized. Firstly, the fundamental concepts of impurity-doped nanocrystal LEDs are presented. Then, the strategies to enhance the performance of impurity-doped nanocrystal LEDs via both material design and device engineering are introduced. In particular, the emergence of three types of impurity-doped nanocrystal LEDs is comprehensively highlighted, namely impurity-doped colloidal quantum dot LEDs, impurity-doped perovskite LEDs, and impurity-doped colloidal quantum well LEDs. At last, the challenges and the opportunities to further improve the performance of impurity-doped nanocrystal LEDs are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxiang Luo
- Institute of Semiconductors, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China;
| | - Lin Wang
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore;
| | - Ying Qiu
- Guangdong R&D Center for Technological Economy, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Runda Huang
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China;
| | - Baiquan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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Luo D, Chen Q, Qiu Y, Zhang M, Liu B. Device Engineering for All-Inorganic Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E1007. [PMID: 31336905 PMCID: PMC6669542 DOI: 10.3390/nano9071007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Recently, all-inorganic perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) have attracted both academic and industrial interest thanks to their outstanding properties, such as high efficiency, bright luminance, excellent color purity, low cost and potentially good operational stability. Apart from the design and treatment of all-inorganic emitters, the device engineering is another significant factor to guarantee the high performance. In this review, we have summarized the state-of-the-art concepts for device engineering in all-inorganic PeLEDs, where the charge injection, transport, balance and leakage play a critical role in the performance. First, we have described the fundamental concepts of all-inorganic PeLEDs. Then, we have introduced the enhancement of device engineering in all-inorganic PeLEDs. Particularly, we have comprehensively highlighted the emergence of all-inorganic PeLEDs, strategies to improve the hole injection, approaches to enhance the electron injection, schemes to increase the charge balance and methods to decrease the charge leakage. Finally, we have clarified the issues and ways to further enhance the performance of all-inorganic PeLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxiang Luo
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qizan Chen
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ying Qiu
- Guangdong R&D Center for Technological Economy, Guangzhou 510000, China.
| | - Menglong Zhang
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Institute of Semiconductors, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Baiquan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- LUMINOUS! Centre of Excellent for Semiconductor Lighting and Displays, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
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Luo D, Chen Q, Liu B, Qiu Y. Emergence of Flexible White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E384. [PMID: 30960368 PMCID: PMC6419156 DOI: 10.3390/polym11020384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Flexible white organic light-emitting diodes (FWOLEDs) have considerable potential to meet the rapidly growing requirements of display and lighting commercialization. To achieve high-performance FWOLEDs, (i) the selection of effective flexible substrates, (ii) the use of transparent conducting electrodes, (iii) the introduction of efficient device architectures, and iv) the exploitation of advanced outcoupling techniques are necessary. In this review, recent state-of-the-art strategies to develop FWOLEDs have been summarized. Firstly, the fundamental concepts of FWOLEDs have been described. Then, the primary approaches to realize FWOLEDs have been introduced. Particularly, the effects of flexible substrates, conducting electrodes, device architectures, and outcoupling techniques in FWOLEDs have been comprehensively highlighted. Finally, issues and ways to further enhance the performance of FWOLEDs have been briefly clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxiang Luo
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Qizan Chen
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Baiquan Liu
- LUMINOUS! Centre of Excellent for Semiconductor Lighting and Displays, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Ying Qiu
- Guangdong R&D Center for Technological Economy, Guangzhou 510000, China.
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Xiao P, Huang J, Yu Y, Liu B. Recent Developments in Tandem White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. Molecules 2019; 24:E151. [PMID: 30609748 PMCID: PMC6337303 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tandem white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) are promising for the lighting and displays field since their current efficiency, external quantum efficiency and lifetime can be strikingly enhanced compared with single-unit devices. In this invited review, we have firstly described fundamental concepts of tandem device architectures and their use in WOLEDs. Then, we have summarized the state-of-the-art strategies to achieve high-performance tandem WOLEDs in recent years. Specifically, we have highlighted the developments in the four types of tandem WOLEDs (i.e., tandem fluorescent WOLEDs, tandem phosphorescent WOLEDs, tandem thermally activated delayed fluorescent WOLEDs, and tandem hybrid WOLEDs). Furthermore, we have introduced doping-free tandem WOLEDs. In the end, we have given an outlook for the future development of tandem WOLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xiao
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Junhua Huang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Yicong Yu
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Baiquan Liu
- LUMINOUS! Centre of Excellent for Semiconductor Lighting and Displays, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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Luo D, Xiao P, Liu B. Doping-Free White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. CHEM REC 2018; 19:1596-1610. [PMID: 30548958 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Doping-free white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) have great potential to the next-generation solid-state lighting and displays due to the excellent properties, such as high efficiency, bright luminance, low power consumption, simplified structure and low cost. In this account, our recent developments on doping-free WOLEDs have been summarized. Firstly, fundamental concepts of doping-free WOLEDs have been described. Then, the effective strategies to develop doping-free WOLEDs have been presented. Particularly, the manipulation of charges and excitons distribution in different kinds of doping-free WOLEDs have been highlighted, including doping-free fluorescent/phosphorescent hybrid WOLEDs, doping-free thermally activated delayed fluorescent WOLEDs and doping-free phosphorescent WOLEDs. In the end, an outlook for the future development of doping-free WOLEDs have been clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxiang Luo
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Peng Xiao
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Baiquan Liu
- LUMINOUS!, Centre of Excellence for Semiconductor Lighting and Displays, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore.,Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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Recent Advances of Exciplex-Based White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app8091449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Recently, exciplexes have been actively investigated in white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs), since they can be effectively functioned as (i) fluorescent or thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) emitters; (ii) the hosts of fluorescent, phosphorescent and TADF dopants. By virtue of the unique advantages of exciplexes, high-performance exciplex-based WOLEDs can be achieved. In this invited review, we have firstly described fundamental concepts of exciplexes and their use in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Then, we have concluded the primary strategies to develop exciplex-based WOLEDs. Specifically, we have emphasized the representative WOLEDs using exciplex emitters or hosts. In the end, we have given an outlook for the future development of exciplex-based WOLEDs.
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Xiao P, Huang J, Yan D, Luo D, Yuan J, Liu B, Liang D. Emergence of Nanoplatelet Light-Emitting Diodes. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 11:E1376. [PMID: 30096754 PMCID: PMC6119858 DOI: 10.3390/ma11081376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Since 2014, nanoplatelet light-emitting diodes (NPL-LEDs) have been emerged as a new kind of LEDs. At first, NPL-LEDs are mainly realized by CdSe based NPLs. Since 2016, hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite NPLs are found to be effective to develop NPL-LEDs. In 2017, all-inorganic perovskite NPLs are also demonstrated for NPL-LEDs. Therefore, the development of NPL-LEDs is flourishing. In this review, the fundamental concepts of NPL-LEDs are first introduced, then the main approaches to realize NPL-LEDs are summarized and the recent progress of representative NPL-LEDs is highlighted, finally the challenges and opportunities for NPL-LEDs are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xiao
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Junhua Huang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Dong Yan
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Dongxiang Luo
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Jian Yuan
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Baiquan Liu
- LUMINOUS, Center of Excellent for Semiconductor Lighting and Displays, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Dong Liang
- LUMINOUS, Center of Excellent for Semiconductor Lighting and Displays, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
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9
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Song W, Yook KS. Hyperfluorescence-based full fluorescent white organic light-emitting diodes. J IND ENG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2017.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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10
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Yu H, Dai X, Yao F, Wei X, Cao J, Jhun C. Efficient white phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes using ultrathin emissive layers (<1 nm). Sci Rep 2018; 8:6068. [PMID: 29666419 PMCID: PMC5904154 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24434-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, efficient phosphorescent white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) were fabricated based on ultrathin doping-free emissive layers and mixed bipolar interlayers. The energy transfer processes were proved via the research of WOLEDs with different interlayer thicknesses and transient photoluminescence lifetime. WOLEDs with optimized thickness of doping-free emissive layers show maximum current efficiency of 47.8 cd/A and 44.9 cd/A for three-colors and four-colors WOLEDs, respectively. The Commission Internationale de L’Eclairage coordinates shows a very slight variation of ( ± 0.02, ± 0.02) from 5793 cd/m2 to 11370 cd/m2 for three-colors WOLEDs and from 3038 cd/m2 to 13720 cd/m2 for four-colors WOLEDs, respectively. The stability of the spectra is attributed to the stable and sequential energy transfer among the various dyes. The color temperature of four-colors WOLEDs can be obtained from 2659 to 6636 by adjusting the thickness of ultrathin emissive layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haojian Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Xudong Dai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Fangnan Yao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Xiang Wei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Jin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Display and System Applications, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
| | - Chulgyu Jhun
- School of Green Energy & Semiconductor Eng., Hoseo University, Asan City, Chungnam, 336-795, South Korea
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Emergence of White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Based on Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app8020299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Zhang L, Li XL, Luo D, Xiao P, Xiao W, Song Y, Ang Q, Liu B. Strategies to Achieve High-Performance White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 10:E1378. [PMID: 29194426 PMCID: PMC5744313 DOI: 10.3390/ma10121378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 11/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most promising technologies for next-generation lighting and displays, white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) have received enormous worldwide interest due to their outstanding properties, including high efficiency, bright luminance, wide viewing angle, fast switching, lower power consumption, ultralight and ultrathin characteristics, and flexibility. In this invited review, the main parameters which are used to characterize the performance of WOLEDs are introduced. Subsequently, the state-of-the-art strategies to achieve high-performance WOLEDs in recent years are summarized. Specifically, the manipulation of charges and excitons distribution in the four types of WOLEDs (fluorescent WOLEDs, phosphorescent WOLEDs, thermally activated delayed fluorescent WOLEDs, and fluorescent/phosphorescent hybrid WOLEDs) are comprehensively highlighted. Moreover, doping-free WOLEDs are described. Finally, issues and ways to further enhance the performance of WOLEDs are briefly clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiang-Long Li
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Dongxiang Luo
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Peng Xiao
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China.
| | | | | | - Qinshu Ang
- Shunde Polytechnic, Foshan 528300, China.
| | - Baiquan Liu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- LUMINOUS! Center of Excellence for Semiconductor Lighting and Displays, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
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Luo D, Yang Y, Xiao Y, Zhao Y, Yang Y, Liu B. Regulating Charge and Exciton Distribution in High-Performance Hybrid White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes with n-Type Interlayer Switch. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2017; 9:37. [PMID: 30393732 PMCID: PMC6199033 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-017-0138-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The interlayer (IL) plays a vital role in hybrid white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs); however, only a negligible amount of attention has been given to n-type ILs. Herein, the n-type IL, for the first time, has been demonstrated to achieve a high efficiency, high color rendering index (CRI), and low voltage trade-off. The device exhibits a maximum total efficiency of 41.5 lm W-1, the highest among hybrid WOLEDs with n-type ILs. In addition, high CRIs (80-88) at practical luminances (≥1000 cd m-2) have been obtained, satisfying the demand for indoor lighting. Remarkably, a CRI of 88 is the highest among hybrid WOLEDs. Moreover, the device exhibits low voltages, with a turn-on voltage of only 2.5 V (>1 cd m-2), which is the lowest among hybrid WOLEDs. The intrinsic working mechanism of the device has also been explored; in particular, the role of n-type ILs in regulating the distribution of charges and excitons has been unveiled. The findings demonstrate that the introduction of n-type ILs is effective in developing high-performance hybrid WOLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxiang Luo
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanfeng Yang
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ye Xiao
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhao
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yibin Yang
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 People’s Republic of China
| | - Baiquan Liu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640 People’s Republic of China
- LUMINOUS! Center of Excellence for Semiconductor Lighting and Displays, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798 Singapore
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Zhang D, Zhang D, Duan L. Exploiting p-Type Delayed Fluorescence in Hybrid White OLEDs: Breaking the Trade-off between High Device Efficiency and Long Lifetime. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:23197-23203. [PMID: 27538379 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b07107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite that the majority of practical organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) still rely on blue fluorophors with low triplet (T1) for creating blue light, hybrid white OLEDs based on low T1 blue fluorophors are still much lagged behind in power efficiency. Here, "ideal" hybrid WOLEDs with recorded efficiency as well as low roll-off, good color-stability and long lifetime were realized by utilizing the bipolar mixed materials as the host of green phosphor as well as the spacer to reduce T1 trap, while blue fluorophors with p-type delayed fluorescence to recycle the trapped T1. An electron transport material with both high electron mobility and good exciton confinement ability was used to boost the TTA efficiency. Hybrid WOLEDs with maximum current efficiency, external quantum efficiency and power efficiency of 49.6 cd/A, 19.1%, and 49.3 lm/W, respectively, together with a high color rendering index of 80 and a half lifetime of over 7000 h at an initial luminescence of 1000 cd/m(2) were realized, manifesting the high potential of the strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Zhang
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Deqiang Zhang
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lian Duan
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
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Liu BQ, Wang L, Gao DY, Zou JH, Ning HL, Peng JB, Cao Y. Extremely high-efficiency and ultrasimplified hybrid white organic light-emitting diodes exploiting double multifunctional blue emitting layers. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2016; 5:e16137. [PMID: 30167184 PMCID: PMC6059940 DOI: 10.1038/lsa.2016.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Numerous hybrid white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) have recently been developed. However, their efficiency is not comparable to that of their best all-phosphorescent WOLED counterparts, and the structures are usually complicated, restricting their further development. Herein, a novel concept is used to achieve a hybrid WOLED, whose crucial feature is the exploitation of double multifunctional blue emitting layers. The three-organic-layer WOLED exhibits a total efficiency of 89.3 and 65.1 lm W-1 at 100 and 1000 cd m-2, respectively, making it the most efficient hybrid WOLED reported in the literature so far. Significantly, the efficiencies of hybrid WOLEDs have, for the first time, been demonstrated to be comparable to those of the best all-phosphorescent WOLEDs. In addition, the device exhibits the lowest voltages among hybrid WOLEDs (i.e., 2.4, 2.7 and 3.1 V for 1, 100 and 1000 cd m-2, respectively). Such remarkable performance achieved from such an ultrasimplified structure opens a new path toward low-cost commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bai-Quan Liu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Dong-Yu Gao
- New Vision Opto-Electronic Technology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Jian-Hua Zou
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Hong-Long Ning
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jun-Biao Peng
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yong Cao
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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16
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Chen D, Han L, Chen W, Zhang Z, Zhang S, Yang B, Zhang Z, Zhang J, Wang Y. Bis(2-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-5-fluorophenolate)beryllium: a high-performance electron transport material for phosphorescent organic light-emitting devices. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra24244d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
A beryllium complex with a low-lying LUMO level, high triplet energy and high electron mobility served as an excellent electron transport material for green, yellow and red phosphorescent OLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Liang Han
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Weiping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Shitong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Bing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Zuolun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Jingying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
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17
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Efficient single-emitting layer hybrid white organic light-emitting diodes with low efficiency roll-off, stable color and extremely high luminance. J IND ENG CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2015.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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18
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Carrier modulation layer-enhanced organic light-emitting diodes. Molecules 2015; 20:13005-30. [PMID: 26193252 PMCID: PMC6332251 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200713005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Revised: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic light-emitting diode (OLED)-based display products have already emerged in the market and their efficiencies and lifetimes are sound at the comparatively low required luminance. To realize OLED for lighting application sooner, higher light quality and better power efficiency at elevated luminance are still demanded. This review reveals the advantages of incorporating a nano-scale carrier modulation layer (CML), also known as a spacer, carrier-regulating layer, or interlayer, among other terms, to tune the chromaticity and color temperature as well as to markedly improve the device efficiency and color rendering index (CRI) for numerous OLED devices. The functions of the CML can be enhanced as multiple layers and blend structures are employed. At proper thickness, the employment of CML enables the device to balance the distribution of carriers in the two emissive zones and achieve high device efficiencies and long operational lifetime while maintaining very high CRI. Moreover, we have also reviewed the effect of using CML on the most significant characteristics of OLEDs, namely: efficiency, luminance, life-time, CRI, SRI, chromaticity, and the color temperature, and see how the thickness tuning and selection of proper CML are crucial to effectively control the OLED device performance.
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