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Riyahi J, Taslimi Z, Gelfo F, Petrosini L, Haghparast A. Trans-generational effects of parental exposure to drugs of abuse on offspring memory functions. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 160:105644. [PMID: 38548003 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Recent evidence reported that parental-derived phenotypes can be passed on to the next generations. Within the inheritance of epigenetic characteristics allowing the transmission of information related to the ancestral environment to the offspring, the specific case of the trans-generational effects of parental drug addiction has been extensively studied. Drug addiction is a chronic disorder resulting from complex interactions among environmental, genetic, and drug-related factors. Repeated exposures to drugs induce epigenetic changes in the reward circuitry that in turn mediate enduring changes in brain function. Addictive drugs can exert their effects trans-generally and influence the offspring of addicted parents. Although there is growing evidence that shows a wide range of behavioral, physiological, and molecular phenotypes in inter-, multi-, and trans-generational studies, transmitted phenotypes often vary widely even within similar protocols. Given the breadth of literature findings, in the present review, we restricted our investigation to learning and memory performances, as examples of the offspring's complex behavioral outcomes following parental exposure to drugs of abuse, including morphine, cocaine, cannabinoids, nicotine, heroin, and alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Riyahi
- Department of Cognitive and Behavioral Science and Technology in Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Taslimi
- Behavioral Disorders and Substance Abuse Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Francesca Gelfo
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy; Department of Human Sciences, Guglielmo Marconi University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Abbas Haghparast
- Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; School of Cognitive Sciences, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Basic Sciences, Iranian Academy of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Shao J, Fei Y, Xiao J, Wang L, Zou S, Yang J. The role of miRNA-144-3p/Oprk1/KOR in nicotine dependence and nicotine withdrawal in male rats. Nicotine Tob Res 2023; 25:1856-1864. [PMID: 37455648 PMCID: PMC10664084 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntad118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) has been implicated in mediating the behavioral and biochemical effects associated with nicotine reward and withdrawal; however, its underlying mechanisms remain to be further explored. METHODS Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were used to establish a nicotine dependence and withdrawal model by injecting nicotine (3 mg/kg/day, s.c.) or vehicle for 14 days, followed by the termination of nicotine for 7 days. Body weight gain, pain behaviors, and withdrawal scores were assessed in succession. MicroRNA (miRNA) sequencing was performed, and quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of candidate miRNAs and Oprk1. Western blotting was performed to examine KOR protein expression of KOR. Luciferase assay was conducted to validate the relationship of certain miRNAs/Oprk1. RESULTS The behavioral results showed that nicotine dependence and withdrawal induced behavioral changes. Biochemical analyses demonstrated that miR-144-3p expression decreased and Oprk1/KOR expression increased in the prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumben, and hippocampus. Further investigation suggested that miR-144-3p exerted an inhibitory effect on Oprk1 expression in PC12 cells. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that miR-144-3p/Oprk1/KOR might be a potential pathway underlying the adverse effects induced by nicotine dependence and withdrawal, and might provide a novel therapeutic target for smoking cessation. IMPLICATIONS This study demonstrates an impact of nicotine dependence and nicotine withdrawal on behavioral outcomes and the expressions of miR-144-3p/Oprk1/KOR in male rats. These findings have important translational implications given the continued use of nicotine and the difficulty in smoking cessation worldwide, which can be applied to alleviated the adverse effects induced by nicotine dependence and withdrawal, thus assist smokers to quit smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Shao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, School of Xiangya Medicine, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Yanxia Fei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ji Xiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, School of Xiangya Medicine, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, School of Xiangya Medicine, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Shuangfa Zou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, School of Xiangya Medicine, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Jinfeng Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, School of Xiangya Medicine, Central South University, Hunan, China
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Mulorz J, Spin JM, Mulorz P, Wagenhäuser MU, Deng A, Mattern K, Rhee YH, Toyama K, Adam M, Schelzig H, Maegdefessel L, Tsao PS. E-cigarette exposure augments murine abdominal aortic aneurysm development: role of Chil1. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:867-878. [PMID: 36413508 PMCID: PMC10409905 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a common cardiovascular disease with a strong correlation to smoking, although underlying mechanisms have been minimally explored. Electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) have gained recent broad popularity and can deliver nicotine at comparable levels to tobacco cigarettes, but effects on AAA development are unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS We evaluated the impact of daily e-cig vaping with nicotine on AAA using two complementary murine models and found that exposure enhanced aneurysm development in both models and genders. E-cigs induced changes in key mediators of AAA development including cytokine chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1/Chil1) and its targeting microRNA-24 (miR-24). We show that nicotine triggers inflammatory signalling and reactive oxygen species while modulating miR-24 and CHI3L1/Chil1 in vitro and that Chil1 is crucial to e-cig-augmented aneurysm formation using a knockout model. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion our work shows increased aneurysm formation along with augmented vascular inflammation in response to e-cig exposure with nicotine. Further, we identify Chil1 as a key mediator in this context. Our data raise concerns regarding the potentially harmful long-term effects of e-cig nicotine vaping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joscha Mulorz
- Clinic for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Standford, CA 94305, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Ave, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, 300 Pasteur Drive, Standford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Joshua M Spin
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Standford, CA 94305, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Ave, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, 300 Pasteur Drive, Standford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Pireyatharsheny Mulorz
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Standford, CA 94305, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Ave, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, 300 Pasteur Drive, Standford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Markus Udo Wagenhäuser
- Clinic for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alicia Deng
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Standford, CA 94305, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Ave, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, 300 Pasteur Drive, Standford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Karin Mattern
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Yae H Rhee
- Clinic for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Standford, CA 94305, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Ave, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, 300 Pasteur Drive, Standford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kensuke Toyama
- Department of Pharmacology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Matti Adam
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hubert Schelzig
- Clinic for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lars Maegdefessel
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin, Germany (partner site: Munich)
| | - Philip S Tsao
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Standford, CA 94305, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Ave, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, 300 Pasteur Drive, Standford, CA 94305, USA
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Kurihara C, Kuniyoshi KM, Rehan VK. Preterm Birth, Developmental Smoke/Nicotine Exposure, and Life-Long Pulmonary Sequelae. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:children10040608. [PMID: 37189857 DOI: 10.3390/children10040608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
This review delineates the main pulmonary issues related to preterm birth, perinatal tobacco/nicotine exposure, and its effects on offspring, focusing on respiratory health and its possible transmission to subsequent generations. We review the extent of the problem of preterm birth, prematurity-related pulmonary effects, and the associated increased risk of asthma later in life. We then review the impact of developmental tobacco/nicotine exposure on offspring asthma and the significance of transgenerational pulmonary effects following perinatal tobacco/nicotine exposure, possibly via its effects on germline epigenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chie Kurihara
- Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Katherine M Kuniyoshi
- Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Virender K Rehan
- Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Zhao Y, Chen J, Wang R, Pu X, Wang D. A review of transgenerational and multigenerational toxicology in the in vivo model animal Caenorhabditis elegans. J Appl Toxicol 2023; 43:122-145. [PMID: 35754092 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A large number of pollutants existing in the environment can last for a long time, and their potential toxic effects can transfer from parents to their offspring. Thus, it is necessary to investigate the toxicity of environmental pollutants across multigenerations and the underlying mechanisms in organisms. Due to its short life cycle and sensitivity to environmental exposures, Caenorhabditis elegans is an important animal model for toxicity assessment of environmental pollutants across multigenerations. In this review, we introduced the transgenerational and multigenerational toxicity caused by various environmental pollutants in C. elegans. Moreover, we discussed the underlying mechanisms for the observed transgenerational and multigenerational toxicity of environmental contaminants in C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunli Zhao
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Jingya Chen
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Pu
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Zhao Y, Qin F, Han S, Li S, Zhao Y, Wang H, Tian J, Cen X. MicroRNAs in drug addiction: Current status and future perspectives. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 236:108215. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Altintaş A, Liu J, Fabre O, Chuang TD, Wang Y, Sakurai R, Chehabi GN, Barrès R, Rehan VK. Perinatal exposure to nicotine alters spermatozoal DNA methylation near genes controlling nicotine action. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21702. [PMID: 34153130 PMCID: PMC9231556 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100215r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Perinatal smoke/nicotine exposure alters lung development and causes asthma in exposed offspring, transmitted transgenerationally. The mechanism underlying the transgenerational inheritance of perinatal smoke/nicotine-induced asthma remains unknown, but germline epigenetic modulations may play a role. Using a well-established rat model of perinatal nicotine-induced asthma, we determined the DNA methylation pattern of spermatozoa of F1 rats exposed perinatally to nicotine in F0 gestation. To identify differentially methylated regions (DMRs), reduced representation bisulfite sequencing was performed on spermatozoa of F1 litters. The top regulated gene body and promoter DMRs were tested for lung gene expression levels, and key proteins involved in lung development and repair were determined. The overall CpG methylation in F1 sperms across gene bodies, promoters, 5'-UTRs, exons, introns, and 3'-UTRs was not affected by nicotine exposure. However, the methylation levels were different between the different genomic regions. Eighty one CpG sites, 16 gene bodies, and 3 promoter regions were differentially methylated. Gene enrichment analysis of DMRs revealed pathways involved in oxidative stress, nicotine response, alveolar and brain development, and cellular signaling. Among the DMRs, Dio1 and Nmu were the most hypermethylated and hypomethylated genes, respectively. Gene expression analysis showed that the mRNA expression and DNA methylation were incongruous. Key proteins involved in lung development and repair were significantly different (FDR < 0.05) between the nicotine and placebo-treated groups. Our data show that DNA methylation is remodeled in offspring spermatozoa upon perinatal nicotine exposure. These epigenetic alterations may play a role in transgenerational inheritance of perinatal smoke/nicotine induced asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Altintaş
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jie Liu
- Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-ULCA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Odile Fabre
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tsai-Der Chuang
- Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-ULCA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Ying Wang
- Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-ULCA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Reiko Sakurai
- Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-ULCA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Galal Nazih Chehabi
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Romain Barrès
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Virender K. Rehan
- Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-ULCA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Torrance, CA, USA
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Gowen AM, Odegaard KE, Hernandez J, Chand S, Koul S, Pendyala G, Yelamanchili SV. Role of microRNAs in the pathophysiology of addiction. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2021; 12:e1637. [PMID: 33336550 PMCID: PMC8026578 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Addiction is a chronic and relapsing brain disorder characterized by compulsive seeking despite adverse consequences. There are both heritable and epigenetic mechanisms underlying drug addiction. Emerging evidence suggests that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs regulate synaptic plasticity and related behaviors caused by substances of abuse. These ncRNAs modify gene expression and may contribute to the behavioral phenotypes of addiction. Among the ncRNAs, the most widely researched and impactful are miRNAs. The goal in this systematic review is to provide a detailed account of recent research involving the role of miRNAs in addiction. This article is categorized under: RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Small Molecule-RNA Interactions RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin M Gowen
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Katherine E Odegaard
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Jordan Hernandez
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Subhash Chand
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Sneh Koul
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Gurudutt Pendyala
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Sowmya V Yelamanchili
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Developmental Origins of Disease hypothesis has spurred increased interest in how prenatal exposures affect lifelong health, while mechanisms such as epigenetics may explain the multigenerational influences on health. Such factors are not well captured within conventional epidemiologic study designs. We explored the feasibility of collecting information on the offspring and grand-offspring of participants in a long-running study. DESIGN The Bogalusa Heart Study is a study, begun in 1973, of life-course cardiovascular health in a semirural population (65% white and 35% black). MAIN MEASURES Female participants who had previously provided information on their pregnancies were contacted to obtain contact information for their daughters aged 12 and older. Daughters were then contacted to obtain reproductive histories, and invited for a clinic or lab visit to measure cardiovascular risk factors. RESULTS Two hundred seventy-four daughters of 208 mothers were recruited; 81% (223) had a full clinic visit and 19% (51) a phone interview only. Forty-five percent of the daughters were black, and 55% white. Mean and median age at interview was 27, with 15% under the age of 18. The strongest predictors of participation were black race, recent maternal participation in the parent study, and living in or near Bogalusa. Simple correlations for cardiovascular risk factors across generations were between r = 0.19 (systolic blood pressure) and r = 0.39 (BMI, LDL). CONCLUSION It is feasible to contact the children of study participants even when participants are adults, and initial information on the grandchildren can also be determined in this manner.
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Chatterjee N, Gim J, Choi J. Epigenetic profiling to environmental stressors in model and non-model organisms: Ecotoxicology perspective. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND TOXICOLOGY 2018; 33:e2018015-0. [PMID: 30286591 PMCID: PMC6182246 DOI: 10.5620/eht.e2018015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetics, potentially heritable changes in genome function that occur without alterations to DNA sequence, is an important but understudied component of ecotoxicology studies. A wide spectrum of environmental challenge, such as temperature, stress, diet, toxic chemicals, are known to impact on epigenetic regulatory mechanisms. Although the role of epigenetic factors in certain biological processes, such as tumourigenesis, has been heavily investigated, in ecotoxicology field, epigenetics still have attracted little attention. In ecotoxicology, potential role of epigenetics in multi- and transgenerational phenomenon to environmental stressors needs to be unrevealed. Natural variation in the epigenetic profiles of species in responses to environmental stressors, nature of dose-response relationships for epigenetic effects, and how to incorporate this information into ecological risk assessment should also require attentions. In this review, we presented the available information on epigenetics in ecotoxicological context. For this, we have conducted a systemic review on epigenetic profiling in response to environmental stressors, mostly chemical exposure, in model organisms, as well as, in ecotoxicologically relevant wildlife species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nivedita Chatterjee
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 163 Seoulsiripdaero, Dondaemun-gu, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwan Gim
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 163 Seoulsiripdaero, Dondaemun-gu, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhee Choi
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 163 Seoulsiripdaero, Dondaemun-gu, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
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Weinhouse C, Truong L, Meyer JN, Allard P. Caenorhabditis elegans as an emerging model system in environmental epigenetics. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2018; 59:560-575. [PMID: 30091255 PMCID: PMC6113102 DOI: 10.1002/em.22203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The roundworm Caenorhabitis elegans has been an established model organism for the study of genetics and developmental biology, including studies of transcriptional regulation, since the 1970s. This model organism has continued to be used as a classical model system as the field of transcriptional regulation has expanded to include scientific advances in epigenetics and chromatin biology. In the last several decades, C. elegans has emerged as a powerful model for environmental toxicology, particularly for the study of chemical genotoxicity. Here, we outline the utility and applicability of C. elegans as a powerful model organism for mechanistic studies of environmental influences on the epigenome. Our goal in this article is to inform the field of environmental epigenetics of the strengths and limitations of the well-established C. elegans model organism as an emerging model for medium-throughput, in vivo exploration of the role of exogenous chemical stimuli in transcriptional regulation, developmental epigenetic reprogramming, and epigenetic memory and inheritance. As the field of environmental epigenetics matures, and research begins to map mechanisms underlying observed associations, new toolkits and model systems, particularly manipulable, scalable in vivo systems that accurately model human transcriptional regulatory circuits, will provide an essential experimental bridge between in vitro biochemical experiments and mammalian model systems. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 59:560-575, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caren Weinhouse
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Lisa Truong
- UCLA Human Genetics and Genomic Analysis Training Program, University of California, Los Angeles; Los Angeles, California
| | - Joel N. Meyer
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Patrick Allard
- Institute for Society and Genetics, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
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Deng X, Liu Z, Liu X, Fu Q, Deng T, Lu J, Liu Y, Liang Z, Jiang Q, Cheng C, Fang W. miR-296-3p Negatively Regulated by Nicotine Stimulates Cytoplasmic Translocation of c-Myc via MK2 to Suppress Chemotherapy Resistance. Mol Ther 2018. [PMID: 29525743 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2018.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify mechanisms by which microRNA 296-3p (miR-296-3p) functions as a tumor suppressor to restrain nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cell growth, metastasis, and chemoresistance. Mechanistic studies revealed that miR-296-3p negatively regulated by nicotine directly targets the oncogenic protein mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase-2 (Mapkapk2) (MK2). Suppression of MK2 downregulated Ras/Braf/Erk/Mek/c-Myc and phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/c-Myc signaling and promoted cytoplasmic translocation of c-Myc, which activated miR-296-3p expression by a feedback loop. This ultimately inhibited cell cycle progression, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and chemoresistance of NPC. In addition, nicotine as a key component of tobacco was observed to suppress miR-296-3p and thus elevate MK2 expression by inducing PI3K/Akt/c-Myc signaling. In clinical samples, reduced miR-296-3p as an unfavorable factor was inversely correlated with MK2 and c-Myc expression. These results reveal a novel mechanism by which miR-296-3p negatively regulated by nicotine directly targets MK2-induced Ras/Braf/Erk/Mek/c-Myc or PI3K/AKT/c-Myc signaling to stimulate its own expression and suppress NPC cell proliferation and metastasis. miR-296-3p may thus serve as a therapeutic target to reverse chemotherapy resistance of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Deng
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Xiong Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qiaofen Fu
- Department of Cancer Biotherapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming 650118, Yunnan, China
| | - Tongyuan Deng
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China
| | - Juan Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yiyi Liu
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China
| | - Zixi Liang
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China
| | - Qingping Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Chao Cheng
- Pediatric Otolaryngology Department, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weiyi Fang
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China.
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Shi B, Gao H, Zhang T, Cui Q. Analysis of plasma microRNA expression profiles revealed different cancer susceptibility in healthy young adult smokers and middle-aged smokers. Oncotarget 2017; 7:21676-85. [PMID: 26943588 PMCID: PMC5008314 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is a world-wide habit and an important risk factor for cancer. It was known that cigarette smoking can change the expression of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in healthy middle-aged adults. However, it remains unclear whether cigarette smoking can change the levels of circulating miRNAs in young healthy smokers and whether there are differences in cancer susceptibility for the two cases. In this study, the miRNA expression profiles of 28 smokers and 12 non-smokers were determined by Agilent human MicroRNA array. We further performed bioinformatics analysis for the differentially expressed miRNAs. The result showed that 35 miRNAs were differentially expressed. Among them, 24 miRNAs were up-regulated and 11 miRNAs were down-regulated in smokers. Functional enrichment analysis showed that the deregulated miRNAs are related to immune system and hormones regulation. Strikingly, the up-regulated miRNAs are mostly associated with hematologic cancers, such as lymphoma, leukemia. As a comparison, the up-regulated plasma miRNAs in middle-aged smokers are mostly associated with solid cancers, such as hepatocellular carcinoma and lung cancer, suggesting that smoking could have different influences on young adults and middle-aged adults. In a conclusion, we identified the circulating miRNAs deregulated by cigarette smoking and revealed that the age-dependent deregulated miRNAs tend to be mainly involved in different types of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Military General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongmin Gao
- Department of Respiratory, Beijing Military General Hospital No.263 Clinic, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Military General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qinghua Cui
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Centre for Noncoding RNA Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University, Beijing, China
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14
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Bai X, Stitzel JA, Bai A, Zambrano CA, Phillips M, Marrack P, Chan ED. Nicotine Impairs Macrophage Control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017; 57:324-333. [PMID: 28398760 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2016-0270oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Pure nicotine impairs macrophage killing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), but it is not known whether the nicotine component in cigarette smoke (CS) plays a role. Moreover, the mechanisms by which nicotine impairs macrophage immunity against MTB have not been explored. To neutralize the effects of nicotine in CS extract, we used a competitive inhibitor to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR)-mecamylamine-as well as macrophages derived from mice with genetic disruption of specific subunits of nAChR. We also determined whether nicotine impaired macrophage autophagy and whether nicotine-exposed T regulatory cells (Tregs) could subvert macrophage anti-MTB immunity. Mecamylamine reduced the CS extract increase in MTB burden by 43%. CS extract increase in MTB was also significantly attenuated in macrophages from mice with genetic disruption of either the α7, β2, or β4 subunit of nAChR. Nicotine inhibited autophagosome formation in MTB-infected THP-1 cells and primary murine alveolar macrophages, as well as increased the intracellular MTB burden. Nicotine increased migration of THP-1 cells, consistent with the increased number of macrophages found in the lungs of smokers. Nicotine induced Tregs to produce transforming growth factor-β. Naive mouse macrophages co-cultured with nicotine-exposed Tregs had significantly greater numbers of viable MTB recovered with increased IL-10 production and urea production, but no difference in secreted nitric oxide as compared with macrophages cocultured with unexposed Tregs. We conclude that nicotine in CS plays an important role in subverting macrophage control of MTB infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyuan Bai
- 1 Department of Medicine, Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver, Colorado.,Departments of 2 Medicine.,3 Academic Affairs, and.,4 Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; and
| | - Jerry A Stitzel
- 5 Department of Integrative Physiology, Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
| | - An Bai
- 1 Department of Medicine, Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver, Colorado.,Departments of 2 Medicine.,3 Academic Affairs, and
| | - Cristian A Zambrano
- 5 Department of Integrative Physiology, Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
| | | | - Philippa Marrack
- 6 Immunology, and.,7 Howard Hughes Medical Institute, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Edward D Chan
- 1 Department of Medicine, Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver, Colorado.,Departments of 2 Medicine.,3 Academic Affairs, and.,4 Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; and
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15
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MicroRNA expression profiles during cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L) fiber early development. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44454. [PMID: 28327647 PMCID: PMC5361117 DOI: 10.1038/srep44454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of microRNAs (miRNAs) during cotton fiber development remains unclear. Here, a total of 54 miRNAs belonging to 39 families were selected to characterize miRNA regulatory mechanism in eight different fiber development stages in upland cotton cv BM-1. Among 54 miRNAs, 18 miRNAs were involved in cotton fiber initiation and eight miRNAs were related to fiber elongation and secondary wall biosynthesis. Additionally, 3,576 protein-coding genes were candidate target genes of these miRNAs, which are potentially involved in cotton fiber development. We also investigated the regulatory network of miRNAs and corresponding targets in fiber initiation and elongation, and secondary wall formation. Our Gene Ontology-based term classification and KEGG-based pathway enrichment analyses showed that the miRNA targets covered 220 biological processes, 67 molecular functions, 45 cellular components, and 10 KEGG pathways. Three of ten KEGG pathways were involved in lignan synthesis, cell elongation, and fatty acid biosynthesis, all of which have important roles in fiber development. Overall, our study shows the potential regulatory roles of miRNAs in cotton fiber development and the importance of miRNAs in regulating different cell types. This is helpful to design miRNA-based biotechnology for improving fiber quality and yield.
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16
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Sobkowiak R, Zielezinski A, Karlowski WM, Lesicki A. Nicotine affects protein complex rearrangement in Caenorhabditis elegans cells. Drug Chem Toxicol 2017; 40:470-483. [PMID: 28049353 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2016.1264411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Nicotine may affect cell function by rearranging protein complexes. We aimed to determine nicotine-induced alterations of protein complexes in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) cells, thereby revealing links between nicotine exposure and protein complex modulation. We compared the proteomic alterations induced by low and high nicotine concentrations (0.01 mM and 1 mM) with the control (no nicotine) in vivo by using mass spectrometry (MS)-based techniques, specifically the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) discontinuous gel electrophoresis coupled with liquid chromatography (LC)-MS/MS and spectral counting. As a result, we identified dozens of C. elegans proteins that are present exclusively or in higher abundance in either nicotine-treated or untreated worms. Based on these results, we report a possible network that captures the key protein components of nicotine-induced protein complexes and speculate how the different protein modules relate to their distinct physiological roles. Using functional annotation of detected proteins, we hypothesize that the identified complexes can modulate the energy metabolism and level of oxidative stress. These proteins can also be involved in modulation of gene expression and may be crucial in Alzheimer's disease. The findings reported in our study reveal putative intracellular interactions of many proteins with the cytoskeleton and may contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) signaling and trafficking in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Sobkowiak
- a Department of Cell Biology , Adam Mickiewicz University , Poznań , Poland and
| | - Andrzej Zielezinski
- b Department of Computational Biology , Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University , Poznań , Poland
| | - Wojciech M Karlowski
- b Department of Computational Biology , Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University , Poznań , Poland
| | - Andrzej Lesicki
- a Department of Cell Biology , Adam Mickiewicz University , Poznań , Poland and
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17
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Fiori NS, Faria NMX, Meucci RD, Fassa AG. [Smoking prevalence and associated factors among tobacco farmers in southern Brazil]. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2016; 32:S0102-311X2016000705012. [PMID: 27487442 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00123115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to describe the prevalence of smoking and associated factors in a cross-sectional population-based sample of 2,464 tobacco farmers in 2011. Multivariate analysis in men assessed the association between smoking and socioeconomic, behavioral, and occupational variables. Some 31.2% of men and 3.1% of women were current smokers. In men, smoking was directly associated with age, schooling, income, heavy drinking, time at work in tobacco farming, and time of exposure to pesticides. Employment relationship was a risk factor for smoking, and participation in religious activities was a protective factor. Male tobacco farmers showed multiple risk behaviors and higher smoking prevalence than other farmers. Ignoring the risk and cultural legacy may be common factors for these behaviors and suggest combined approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Spada Fiori
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
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18
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Poon K, Leibowitz SF. Consumption of Substances of Abuse during Pregnancy Increases Consumption in Offspring: Possible Underlying Mechanisms. Front Nutr 2016; 3:11. [PMID: 27148536 PMCID: PMC4837147 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2016.00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Correlative human observational studies on substances of abuse have been highly dependent on the use of rodent models to determine the neuronal and molecular mechanisms that control behavioral outcomes. This is particularly true for gestational exposure to non-illicit substances of abuse, such as excessive dietary fat, ethanol, and nicotine, which are commonly consumed in our society. Exposure to these substances during the prenatal period has been shown in offspring to increase their intake of these substances, induce other behavioral changes, and affect neurochemical systems in several brain areas that are known to control behavior. More importantly, emerging studies are linking the function of the immune system to these neurochemicals and ingestion of these abused substances. This review article will summarize the prenatal rodent models used to study developmental changes in offspring caused by prenatal exposure to dietary fat, ethanol, or nicotine. We will discuss the various techniques used for the administration of these substances into rodents and summarize the published outcomes induced by prenatal exposure to these substances. Finally, this review will cover some of the recent evidence for the role of immune factors in causing these behavioral and neuronal changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinning Poon
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neurobiology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY , USA
| | - Sarah F Leibowitz
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neurobiology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY , USA
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19
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Identification and characterization of microRNAs in the plant parasitic root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita using deep sequencing. Funct Integr Genomics 2016; 16:127-42. [PMID: 26743520 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-015-0472-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 11/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita is among the most damaging plant-parasitic pests of several crops including cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) and tomato (Lycopersicon escultentum). Recently, a genome has become available for M. incognita, which greatly facilitates investigation of the interactions between M. incognita and its plant hosts at the molecular level and enables formation of hypotheses concerning development at the cellular level. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small RNA molecules that serve as endogenous gene regulators. They regulate many biological processes including reproduction, the sequencing of morphological development, and potentially of parasitism as well. Certain miRNAs regulate fundamental metabolism pathways and stress responses in M. incognita. Since a list of miRNAs has not been generated for M. incognita, we employed a bioinformatics tool called mirDeepFinder to identify miRNAs from the small RNA database of M. incognita (GSM611102) that was generated from deep sequencing. A total of 254 conserved miRNAs belonging to 161 miRNA families were identified, as were 35 novel miRNAs belonging to 31 families. The 16 most commonly found miRNAs in order of abundance were min-miR-100a, min-miR-124, min-miR-71a, min-miR-1, min-miR-228, min-miR-92, min-miR-72, min-miR-49b, min-miR-58, min-miR-252, min-miR-lin-4, min-miR-87, min-miR-2a, min-miR-34a, min-miR-50a, and min-miR-279a. The length of the pre-miRNAs varied greatly from 50 to 197 nt, with an average of 88 ± 39 nt. The average minimal folding free energy (MFE) and MFE index (MFEI) of the identified miRNAs were -30.3 Kcal/mol and 0.92, respectively, indicating that these miRNAs can readily fold into a typical hairpin secondary structure.
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20
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Effects of addictive drugs on adult neural stem/progenitor cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 73:327-48. [PMID: 26468052 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-2067-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) undergo a series of developmental processes before giving rise to newborn neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes in adult neurogenesis. During the past decade, the role of NSPCs has been highlighted by studies on adult neurogenesis modulated by addictive drugs. It has been proven that these drugs regulate the proliferation, differentiation and survival of adult NSPCs in different manners, which results in the varying consequences of adult neurogenesis. The effects of addictive drugs on NSPCs are exerted via a variety of different mechanisms and pathways, which interact with one another and contribute to the complexity of NSPC regulation. Here, we review the effects of different addictive drugs on NSPCs, and the related experimental methods and paradigms. We also discuss the current understanding of major signaling molecules, especially the putative common mechanisms, underlying such effects. Finally, we review the future directions of research in this area.
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21
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Liang Y, Zheng X, Zeng DD, Zhou X, Leischow SJ, Chung W. Characterizing Social Interaction in Tobacco-Oriented Social Networks: An Empirical Analysis. Sci Rep 2015; 5:10060. [PMID: 26091553 PMCID: PMC4473607 DOI: 10.1038/srep10060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Social media is becoming a new battlefield for tobacco "wars". Evaluating the current situation is very crucial for the advocacy of tobacco control in the age of social media. To reveal the impact of tobacco-related user-generated content, this paper characterizes user interaction and social influence utilizing social network analysis and information theoretic approaches. Our empirical studies demonstrate that the exploding pro-tobacco content has long-lasting effects with more active users and broader influence, and reveal the shortage of social media resources in global tobacco control. It is found that the user interaction in the pro-tobacco group is more active, and user-generated content for tobacco promotion is more successful in obtaining user attention. Furthermore, we construct three tobacco-related social networks and investigate the topological patterns of these tobacco-related social networks. We find that the size of the pro-tobacco network overwhelms the others, which suggests a huge number of users are exposed to the pro-tobacco content. These results indicate that the gap between tobacco promotion and tobacco control is widening and tobacco control may be losing ground to tobacco promotion in social media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunji Liang
- School of Computer Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Management Information Systems, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Xiaolong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Daniel Dajun Zeng
- Department of Management Information Systems, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xingshe Zhou
- School of Computer Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | | | - Wingyan Chung
- Department of Decision and Information Sciences, School of Business Administration, Stetson University, DeLand, FL, USA
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22
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Taki FA, Pan X, Zhang B. Revisiting Chaos Theorem to Understand the Nature of miRNAs in Response to Drugs of Abuse. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:2857-68. [PMID: 25966899 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Just like Matryoshka dolls, biological systems follow a hierarchical order that is based on dynamic bidirectional communication among its components. In addition to the convoluted inter-relationships, the complexity of each component spans several folds. Therefore, it becomes rather challenging to investigate phenotypes resulting from these networks as it requires the integration of reductionistic and holistic approaches. One dynamic system is the transcriptome which comprises a variety of RNA species. Some, like microRNAs, have recently received a lot of attention. miRNAs are very pleiotropic and have been considered as therapeutic and diagnostic candidates in the biomedical fields. In this review, we survey miRNA profiles in response to drugs of abuse (DA) using 118 studies. After providing a summary of miRNAs related to substance use disorders (SUD), general patterns of miRNA signatures are compared among studies for single or multiple drugs of abuse. Then, current challenges and drawbacks in the field are discussed. Finally, we provide support for considering miRNAs as a chaotic system in normal versus disrupted states particularly in SUD and propose an integrative approach for studying and analyzing miRNA data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faten A Taki
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Xiaoping Pan
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Baohong Zhang
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
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23
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Sharma A. Variable directionality of gene expression changes across generations does not constitute negative evidence of epigenetic inheritance. ENVIRONMENTAL EPIGENETICS 2015; 1:dvv005. [PMID: 29492280 PMCID: PMC5804684 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvv005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance in mammals has been controversial due to inherent difficulties in its experimental demonstration. A recent report has, however, opened a new front in the ongoing debate by claiming that endocrine disrupting chemicals, contrary to previous findings, do not cause effects across generations. This claim is based on the observation that gene expression changes induced by these chemicals in the exposed and unexposed generations are mainly in the opposite direction. This analysis shows that the pattern of gene expression reported in the two generations is not expected by chance and is suggestive of transmission across generations. A meta-analysis of diverse data sets related to endocrine disruptor-induced transgenerational gene expression alterations, including the data provided in the said report, further suggests that effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals persist in unexposed generations. Based on the prior evidence of phenotypic variability and gene expression alterations in opposite direction between generations, it is argued here that calling evidence of mismatched directionality in gene expression in experiments testing potential of environmental agents in inducing epigenetic inheritance of phenotypic traits as negative is untenable. This is expected to settle the newly raised doubts over epigenetic inheritance in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhay Sharma
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Council of Scientific
and Industrial Research, Sukhdev Vihar, Mathura Road, New Delhi 110025, India
- *Correspondence address. CSIR-Institute of Genomics and
Integrative Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Sukhdev Vihar, Mathura
Road, New Delhi 110025, India. Tel: +91-11-26932421; Fax:
+91-11-27662407;
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