1
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İyisan N, Hausdörfer O, Wang C, Hiendlmeier L, Harder P, Wolfrum B, Özkale B. Mechanoactivation of Single Stem Cells in Microgels Using a 3D-Printed Stimulation Device. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2400272. [PMID: 39011729 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202400272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the novel 3D-printed pressure chamber for encapsulated single-cell stimulation (3D-PRESS) platform is introduced for the mechanical stimulation of single stem cells in 3D microgels. The custom-designed 3D-PRESS, allows precise pressure application up to 400 kPa at the single-cell level. Microfluidics is employed to encapsulate single mesenchymal stem cells within ionically cross-linked alginate microgels with cell adhesion RGD peptides. Rigorous testing affirms the leak-proof performance of the 3D-PRESS device up to 400 kPa, which is fully biocompatible. 3D-PRESS is implemented on mesenchymal stem cells for mechanotransduction studies, by specifically targeting intracellular calcium signaling and the nuclear translocation of a mechanically sensitive transcription factor. Applying 200 kPa pressure on individually encapsulated stem cells reveals heightened calcium signaling in 3D microgels compared to conventional 2D culture. Similarly, Yes-associated protein (YAP) translocation into the nucleus occurs at 200 kPa in 3D microgels with cell-binding RGD peptides unveiling the involvement of integrin-mediated mechanotransduction in singly encapsulated stem cells in 3D microgels. Combining live-cell imaging with precise mechanical control, the 3D-PRESS platform emerges as a versatile tool for exploring cellular responses to pressure stimuli, applicable to various cell types, providing novel insights into single-cell mechanobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nergishan İyisan
- Microrobotic Bioengineering Lab (MRBL), School of Computation, Information, and Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Hans-Piloty-Straße 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
- Munich Institute of Robotics and Machine Intelligence, Technical University of Munich, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 60, 80992, München, Germany
- Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstraße 11, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Oliver Hausdörfer
- Microrobotic Bioengineering Lab (MRBL), School of Computation, Information, and Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Hans-Piloty-Straße 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Chen Wang
- Microrobotic Bioengineering Lab (MRBL), School of Computation, Information, and Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Hans-Piloty-Straße 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
- Munich Institute of Robotics and Machine Intelligence, Technical University of Munich, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 60, 80992, München, Germany
- Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstraße 11, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Lukas Hiendlmeier
- Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstraße 11, 85748, Garching, Germany
- Neuroelectronics, School of Computation, Information, and Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Philipp Harder
- Microrobotic Bioengineering Lab (MRBL), School of Computation, Information, and Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Hans-Piloty-Straße 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
- Munich Institute of Robotics and Machine Intelligence, Technical University of Munich, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 60, 80992, München, Germany
- Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstraße 11, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wolfrum
- Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstraße 11, 85748, Garching, Germany
- Neuroelectronics, School of Computation, Information, and Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Berna Özkale
- Microrobotic Bioengineering Lab (MRBL), School of Computation, Information, and Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Hans-Piloty-Straße 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
- Munich Institute of Robotics and Machine Intelligence, Technical University of Munich, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 60, 80992, München, Germany
- Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstraße 11, 85748, Garching, Germany
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2
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Eftekhari K, Parakhonskiy BV, Grigoriev D, Skirtach AG. Advances in Nanoarchitectonics: A Review of "Static" and "Dynamic" Particle Assembly Methods. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:1051. [PMID: 38473523 DOI: 10.3390/ma17051051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Particle assembly is a promising technique to create functional materials and devices from nanoscale building blocks. However, the control of particle arrangement and orientation is challenging and requires careful design of the assembly methods and conditions. In this study, the static and dynamic methods of particle assembly are reviewed, focusing on their applications in biomaterial sciences. Static methods rely on the equilibrium interactions between particles and substrates, such as electrostatic, magnetic, or capillary forces. Dynamic methods can be associated with the application of external stimuli, such as electric fields, magnetic fields, light, or sound, to manipulate the particles in a non-equilibrium state. This study discusses the advantages and limitations of such methods as well as nanoarchitectonic principles that guide the formation of desired structures and functions. It also highlights some examples of biomaterials and devices that have been fabricated by particle assembly, such as biosensors, drug delivery systems, tissue engineering scaffolds, and artificial organs. It concludes by outlining the future challenges and opportunities of particle assembly for biomaterial sciences. This review stands as a crucial guide for scholars and professionals in the field, fostering further investigation and innovation. It also highlights the necessity for continuous research to refine these methodologies and devise more efficient techniques for nanomaterial synthesis. The potential ramifications on healthcare and technology are substantial, with implications for drug delivery systems, diagnostic tools, disease treatments, energy storage, environmental science, and electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karaneh Eftekhari
- Nanobiotechnology Group, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bogdan V Parakhonskiy
- Nanobiotechnology Group, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dmitry Grigoriev
- Multifunctional Colloids and Coatings, Division Life Science and Bioprocesses, Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research (IAP), 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Andre G Skirtach
- Nanobiotechnology Group, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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3
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Liu S, Fan X, Qu Z, Fang C, Feng C, Zhao X, Wang JL. Improving the multi-functionality of optical tweezers with FPGA integration. APPLIED OPTICS 2024; 63:255-262. [PMID: 38175028 DOI: 10.1364/ao.505998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The development of optical tweezers aims to extend their operating function and pattern. However, excessive programming can lead to a decrease in the system's operating speed and introduce bugs or data transmission delays. In this study, we present a time-shared optical tweezers system that allows for parallel operation of multiple functions. To enable efficient data transmission, we employ a queue structure and a buffer. To assess the system's performance, we utilize a biological sample in conjunction with the optical tweezers system and scanning imaging technique. We quantify the trapping parameter while concurrently running power stabilization programs. As a result, the standard deviation of the measured stiffness is reduced by 60% in the x and y directions and 30% in the z direction, indicating a significant improvement in calibration precision. Throughout the program execution, the system maintains an operating rate of 110 kHz, and the data are continuously updated in real time on the host. The system's performance demonstrates its potential for quantification and morphological reconstruction of biological samples.
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Zhu Y, Zhang M, Sun Q, Wang X, Li X, Li Q. Advanced Mechanical Testing Technologies at the Cellular Level: The Mechanisms and Application in Tissue Engineering. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3255. [PMID: 37571149 PMCID: PMC10422338 DOI: 10.3390/polym15153255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanics, as a key physical factor which affects cell function and tissue regeneration, is attracting the attention of researchers in the fields of biomaterials, biomechanics, and tissue engineering. The macroscopic mechanical properties of tissue engineering scaffolds have been studied and optimized based on different applications. However, the mechanical properties of the overall scaffold materials are not enough to reveal the mechanical mechanism of the cell-matrix interaction. Hence, the mechanical detection of cell mechanics and cellular-scale microenvironments has become crucial for unraveling the mechanisms which underly cell activities and which are affected by physical factors. This review mainly focuses on the advanced technologies and applications of cell-scale mechanical detection. It summarizes the techniques used in micromechanical performance analysis, including atomic force microscope (AFM), optical tweezer (OT), magnetic tweezer (MT), and traction force microscope (TFM), and analyzes their testing mechanisms. In addition, the application of mechanical testing techniques to cell mechanics and tissue engineering scaffolds, such as hydrogels and porous scaffolds, is summarized and discussed. Finally, it highlights the challenges and prospects of this field. This review is believed to provide valuable insights into micromechanics in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxuan Zhu
- School of Mechanics and Safety Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- National Center for International Joint Research of Micro-nano Moulding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Mengqi Zhang
- School of Mechanics and Safety Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- National Center for International Joint Research of Micro-nano Moulding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Qingqing Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- School of Mechanics and Safety Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- National Center for International Joint Research of Micro-nano Moulding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiaomeng Li
- School of Mechanics and Safety Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- National Center for International Joint Research of Micro-nano Moulding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Mechanics and Safety Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- National Center for International Joint Research of Micro-nano Moulding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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5
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Blatchley MR, Anseth KS. Middle-out methods for spatiotemporal tissue engineering of organoids. NATURE REVIEWS BIOENGINEERING 2023; 1:329-345. [PMID: 37168734 PMCID: PMC10010248 DOI: 10.1038/s44222-023-00039-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Organoids recapitulate many aspects of the complex three-dimensional (3D) organization found within native tissues and even display tissue and organ-level functionality. Traditional approaches to organoid culture have largely employed a top-down tissue engineering strategy, whereby cells are encapsulated in a 3D matrix, such as Matrigel, alongside well-defined biochemical cues that direct morphogenesis. However, the lack of spatiotemporal control over niche properties renders cellular processes largely stochastic. Therefore, bottom-up tissue engineering approaches have evolved to address some of these limitations and focus on strategies to assemble tissue building blocks with defined multi-scale spatial organization. However, bottom-up design reduces the capacity for self-organization that underpins organoid morphogenesis. Here, we introduce an emerging framework, which we term middle-out strategies, that relies on existing design principles and combines top-down design of defined synthetic matrices that support proliferation and self-organization with bottom-up modular engineered intervention to limit the degrees of freedom in the dynamic process of organoid morphogenesis. We posit that this strategy will provide key advances to guide the growth of organoids with precise geometries, structures and function, thereby facilitating an unprecedented level of biomimicry to accelerate the utility of organoids to more translationally relevant applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R. Blatchley
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO USA
- The BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO USA
| | - Kristi S. Anseth
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO USA
- The BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO USA
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6
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Lee M, Hugonnet H, Lee MJ, Cho Y, Park Y. Optical trapping with holographically structured light for single-cell studies. BIOPHYSICS REVIEWS 2023; 4:011302. [PMID: 38505814 PMCID: PMC10903426 DOI: 10.1063/5.0111104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
A groundbreaking work in 1970 by Arthur Ashkin paved the way for developing various optical trapping techniques. Optical tweezers have become an established method for the manipulation of biological objects, due to their noninvasiveness and precise controllability. Recent innovations are accelerating and now enable single-cell manipulation through holographic light structuring. In this review, we provide an overview of recent advances in optical tweezer techniques for studies at the individual cell level. Our review focuses on holographic optical tweezers that utilize active spatial light modulators to noninvasively manipulate live cells. The versatility of the technology has led to valuable integrations with microscopy, microfluidics, and biotechnological techniques for various single-cell studies. We aim to recapitulate the basic principles of holographic optical tweezers, highlight trends in their biophysical applications, and discuss challenges and future prospects.
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7
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Mori S, Ito T, Takao H, Shimokawa F, Terao K. Optically driven microtools with an antibody-immobilised surface for on-site cell assembly. IET Nanobiotechnol 2023; 17:197-203. [PMID: 36647211 DOI: 10.1049/nbt2.12114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
To enable the accurate reproduction of organs in vitro, and improve drug screening efficiency and regenerative medicine research, it is necessary to assemble cells with single-cell resolution to form cell clusters. However, a method to assemble such forms has not been developed. In this study, a platform for on-site cell assembly at the single-cell level using optically driven microtools in a microfluidic device is developed. The microtool was fabricated by SU-8 photolithography, and antibodies were immobilised on its surface. The cells were captured by the microtool through the bindings between the antibodies on the microtool and the antigens on the cell membrane. Transmembrane proteins, CD51/61 and CD44 that facilitate cell adhesion, commonly found on the surface of cancer cells were targeted. The microtool containing antibodies for CD51/61 and CD44 proteins was manipulated using optical tweezers to capture HeLa cells placed on a microfluidic device. A comparison of the adhesion rates of different surface treatments showed the superiority of the antibody-immobilised microtool. The assembly of multiple cells into a cluster by repeating the cell capture process is further demonstrated. The geometry and surface function of the microtool can be modified according to the cell assembly requirements. The platform can be used in regenerative medicine and drug screening to produce cell clusters that closely resemble tissues and organs in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuntaro Mori
- Department of Intelligent Mechanical Systems Engineering, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Japan
| | - Takumi Ito
- Department of Intelligent Mechanical Systems Engineering, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Japan
| | - Hidekuni Takao
- Department of Intelligent Mechanical Systems Engineering, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Japan.,Nano-Micro Structure Device Integrated Research Center, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Japan
| | - Fusao Shimokawa
- Department of Intelligent Mechanical Systems Engineering, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Japan.,Nano-Micro Structure Device Integrated Research Center, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Japan
| | - Kyohei Terao
- Department of Intelligent Mechanical Systems Engineering, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Japan.,Nano-Micro Structure Device Integrated Research Center, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Japan
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8
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Vuille-Dit-Bille E, Deshmukh DV, Connolly S, Heub S, Boder-Pasche S, Dual J, Tibbitt MW, Weder G. Tools for manipulation and positioning of microtissues. LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 22:4043-4066. [PMID: 36196619 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc00559j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Complex three-dimensional (3D) in vitro models are emerging as a key technology to support research areas in personalised medicine, such as drug development and regenerative medicine. Tools for manipulation and positioning of microtissues play a crucial role in the microtissue life cycle from production to end-point analysis. The ability to precisely locate microtissues can improve the efficiency and reliability of processes and investigations by reducing experimental time and by providing more controlled parameters. To achieve this goal, standardisation of the techniques is of primary importance. Compared to microtissue production, the field of microtissue manipulation and positioning is still in its infancy but is gaining increasing attention in the last few years. Techniques to position microtissues have been classified into four main categories: hydrodynamic techniques, bioprinting, substrate modification, and non-contact active forces. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review of the different tools for the manipulation and positioning of microtissues that have been reported to date. The working mechanism of each technique is described, and its merits and limitations are discussed. We conclude by evaluating the potential of the different approaches to support progress in personalised medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Vuille-Dit-Bille
- Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
- MicroBioRobotic Systems Laboratory, Institute of Mechanical Engineering, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dhananjay V Deshmukh
- Macromolecular Engineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute for Mechanical Systems, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sinéad Connolly
- Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Heub
- Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | | | - Jürg Dual
- Institute for Mechanical Systems, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mark W Tibbitt
- Macromolecular Engineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gilles Weder
- Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
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9
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Cox L, Croxford A, Drinkwater BW. Dynamic patterning of microparticles with acoustic impulse control. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14549. [PMID: 36008430 PMCID: PMC9411184 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18554-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper describes the use of impulse control of an acoustic field to create complex and precise particle patterns and then dynamically manipulate them. We first demonstrate that the motion of a particle in an acoustic field depends on the applied impulse and three distinct regimes can be identified. The high impulse regime is the well established mode where particles travel to the force minima of an applied continuous acoustic field. In contrast acoustic field switching in the low impulse regime results in a force field experienced by the particle equal to the time weighted average of the constituent force fields. We demonstrate via simulation and experiment that operating in the low impulse regime facilitates an intuitive and modular route to forming complex patterns of particles. The intermediate impulse regime is shown to enable more localised manipulation of particles. In addition to patterning, we demonstrate a set of impulse control tools to clear away undesired particles to further increase the contrast of the pattern against background. We combine these tools to create high contrast patterns as well as moving and re-configuring them. These techniques have applications in areas such as tissue engineering where they will enable complex, high fidelity cell patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Cox
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TR, UK.
| | - Anthony Croxford
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TR, UK
| | - Bruce W Drinkwater
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TR, UK
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10
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Guimarães CF, Cruz-Moreira D, Caballero D, Pirraco RP, Gasperini L, Kundu SC, Reis RL. Shining a Light on Cancer - Photonics in Microfluidic Tumor Modelling and Biosensing. Adv Healthc Mater 2022:e2201442. [PMID: 35998112 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202201442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Microfluidic platforms represent a powerful approach to miniaturizing important characteristics of cancers, improving in vitro testing by increasing physiological relevance. Different tools can manipulate cells and materials at the microscale, but few offer the efficiency and versatility of light and optical technologies. Moreover, light-driven technologies englobe a broad toolbox for quantifying critical biological phenomena. Herein, we review the role of photonics in microfluidic 3D cancer modeling and biosensing from three major perspectives. First, we look at optical-driven technologies that allow biomaterials and living cells to be manipulated with micro-sized precision and the opportunities to advance 3D microfluidic models by engineering cancer microenvironments' hallmarks, such as their architecture, cellular complexity, and vascularization. Second, we delve into the growing field of optofluidics, exploring how optical tools can directly interface microfluidic chips, enabling the extraction of relevant biological data, from single fluorescent signals to the complete 3D imaging of diseased cells within microchannels. Third, we review advances in optical cancer biosensing, focusing on how light-matter interactions can detect biomarkers, rare circulating tumor cells, and cell-derived structures such as exosomes. We overview photonic technologies' current challenges and caveats in microfluidic 3D cancer models, outlining future research avenues that may catapult the field. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos F Guimarães
- 3B's Research Group -Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga and Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Daniela Cruz-Moreira
- 3B's Research Group -Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga and Guimarães, Portugal
| | - David Caballero
- 3B's Research Group -Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga and Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rogério P Pirraco
- 3B's Research Group -Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga and Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Luca Gasperini
- 3B's Research Group -Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga and Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Subhas C Kundu
- 3B's Research Group -Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga and Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group -Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga and Guimarães, Portugal
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11
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Duś-Szachniewicz K, Gdesz-Birula K, Nowosielska E, Ziółkowski P, Drobczyński S. Formation of Lymphoma Hybrid Spheroids and Drug Testing in Real Time with the Use of Fluorescence Optical Tweezers. Cells 2022; 11:cells11132113. [PMID: 35805197 PMCID: PMC9265821 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions between stromal and lymphoma cells in the bone marrow are closely related to drug resistance and therapy failure. Physiologically relevant pre-clinical three-dimensional (3D) models recapitulating lymphoma microenvironmental complexity do not currently exist. In this study, we proposed a scheme for optically controlled hybrid lymphoma spheroid formation with the use of optical tweezers (OT). Following the preparation of stromal spheroids using agarose hydrogel, two aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma B-cell lines, Ri-1 (DLBCL) and Raji (Burkitt lymphoma), were used to conduct multi-cellular spheroid formation driven by in-house-developed fluorescence optical tweezers. Importantly, the newly formed hybrid spheroid preserved the 3D architecture for the next 24 h. Our model was successfully used for the evaluation of the influence of the anticancer agents doxorubicin (DOX), ibrutinib (IBR), and AMD3100 (plerixafor) on the adhesive properties of lymphoma cells. Importantly, our study revealed that a co-treatment of DOX and IBR with AMD3100 affects the adhesion of B-NHL lymphoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Duś-Szachniewicz
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Institute of General and Experimental Pathology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland; (K.G.-B.); (P.Z.)
- Correspondence: (K.D.-S.); (S.D.); Tel.: +48-71-784-12-25 (K.D.-S.)
| | - Katarzyna Gdesz-Birula
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Institute of General and Experimental Pathology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland; (K.G.-B.); (P.Z.)
| | - Emilia Nowosielska
- Department of Optics and Photonics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Piotr Ziółkowski
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Institute of General and Experimental Pathology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland; (K.G.-B.); (P.Z.)
| | - Sławomir Drobczyński
- Department of Optics and Photonics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland;
- Correspondence: (K.D.-S.); (S.D.); Tel.: +48-71-784-12-25 (K.D.-S.)
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12
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Synthetic developmental biology: Engineering approaches to guide multicellular organization. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:715-733. [PMID: 35276092 PMCID: PMC9023767 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Multicellular organisms of various complexities self-organize in nature. Organoids are in vitro 3D structures that display important aspects of the anatomy and physiology of their in vivo counterparts and that develop from pluripotent or tissue-specific stem cells through a self-organization process. In this review, we describe the multidisciplinary concept of “synthetic developmental biology” where engineering approaches are employed to guide multicellular organization in an experimental setting. We introduce a novel classification of engineering approaches based on the extent of microenvironmental manipulation applied to organoids. In the final section, we discuss how engineering tools might help overcome current limitations in organoid construction.
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13
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Engineering Biological Tissues from the Bottom-Up: Recent Advances and Future Prospects. MICROMACHINES 2021; 13:mi13010075. [PMID: 35056239 PMCID: PMC8780533 DOI: 10.3390/mi13010075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering provides a powerful solution for current organ shortages, and researchers have cultured blood vessels, heart tissues, and bone tissues in vitro. However, traditional top-down tissue engineering has suffered two challenges: vascularization and reconfigurability of functional units. With the continuous development of micro-nano technology and biomaterial technology, bottom-up tissue engineering as a promising approach for organ and tissue modular reconstruction has gradually developed. In this article, relevant advances in living blocks fabrication and assembly techniques for creation of higher-order bioarchitectures are described. After a critical overview of this technology, a discussion of practical challenges is provided, and future development prospects are proposed.
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14
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Ghezelayagh Z, Zabihi M, Kazemi Ashtiani M, Ghezelayagh Z, Lynn FC, Tahamtani Y. Recapitulating pancreatic cell-cell interactions through bioengineering approaches: the momentous role of non-epithelial cells for diabetes cell therapy. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:7107-7132. [PMID: 34613423 PMCID: PMC11072828 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03951-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few years, extensive efforts have been made to generate in-vitro pancreatic micro-tissue, for disease modeling or cell replacement approaches in pancreatic related diseases such as diabetes mellitus. To obtain these goals, a closer look at the diverse cells participating in pancreatic development is necessary. Five major non-epithelial pancreatic (pN-Epi) cell populations namely, pancreatic endothelium, mesothelium, neural crests, pericytes, and stellate cells exist in pancreas throughout its development, and they are hypothesized to be endogenous inducers of the development. In this review, we discuss different pN-Epi cells migrating to and existing within the pancreas and their diverse effects on pancreatic epithelium during organ development mediated via associated signaling pathways, soluble factors or mechanical cell-cell interactions. In-vivo and in-vitro experiments, with a focus on N-Epi cells' impact on pancreas endocrine development, have also been considered. Pluripotent stem cell technology and multicellular three-dimensional organoids as new approaches to generate pancreatic micro-tissues have also been discussed. Main challenges for reaching a detailed understanding of the role of pN-Epi cells in pancreas development in utilizing for in-vitro recapitulation have been summarized. Finally, various novel and innovative large-scale bioengineering approaches which may help to recapitulate cell-cell interactions and are crucial for generation of large-scale in-vitro multicellular pancreatic micro-tissues, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ghezelayagh
- Department of Developmental Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences and Advanced Technologies in Biology, University of Science and Culture, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Zabihi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences and Advanced Technologies in Biology, University of Science and Culture, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kazemi Ashtiani
- Department of Cell Engineering, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Ghezelayagh
- Department of Developmental Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences and Advanced Technologies in Biology, University of Science and Culture, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Francis C Lynn
- Diabetes Research Group, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Surgery and School of Biomedical Engineering , University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Yaser Tahamtani
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
- Reproductive Epidemiology Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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15
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Liang P, Shang L, Wang Y, Booth MJ, Li B. Laser induced forward transfer isolating complex-shaped cell by beam shaping. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:7024-7032. [PMID: 34858696 PMCID: PMC8606160 DOI: 10.1364/boe.439054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Beam shaping techniques have been widely used in holographic optical tweezers to accurately manipulate tiny particles and hologram optimization algorithms have also been widely reported to improve the optical trapping performance. In this paper, we presented a beam shaping laser induced forward transfer (BS-LIFT) technique to isolate complex-shaped cells. To do this, we built up a BS-LIFT instrument which combined beam shaping methods and laser induced forward transfer using liquid-crystal-on-silicon spatial light modulator. The laser beam was modulated into multiple desired points at the focal plane employing the Gerchberg-Saxton (GS) algorithm. Feasibility was verified through transferring various samples. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of BS-LIFT applied to the transfer complex-shaped cells. We successfully transferred cells whose size ranged from 1 µm to 100 µm. Our design will provide a novel approach for the application of this beam shaping technique and the isolation of single cells with variable shapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Changchun, 130033, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lindong Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Changchun, 130033, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuntong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Changchun, 130033, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Martin J. Booth
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PJ, United Kingdom
| | - Bei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Changchun, 130033, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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16
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Shakoor A, Wang B, Fan L, Kong L, Gao W, Sun J, Man K, Li G, Sun D. Automated Optical Tweezers Manipulation to Transfer Mitochondria from Fetal to Adult MSCs to Improve Antiaging Gene Expressions. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2103086. [PMID: 34411428 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202103086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is considered to be an important factor that leads to aging and premature aging diseases. Transferring mitochondria to cells is an emerging and promising technique for the therapy of mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (mtDNA)-related diseases. This paper presents a unique method of controlling the quality and quantity of mitochondria transferred to single cells using an automated optical tweezer-based micromanipulation system. The proposed method can automatically, accurately, and efficiently collect and transport healthy mitochondria to cells, and the recipient cells then take up the mitochondria through endocytosis. The results of the study reveal the possibility of using mitochondria from fetal mesenchymal stem cells (fMSCs) as a potential source to reverse the aging-related phenotype and improve metabolic activities in adult mesenchymal stem cells (aMSCs). The results of the quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis show that the transfer of isolated mitochondria from fMSCs to a single aMSC can significantly increase the antiaging and metabolic gene expression in the aMSC. The proposed mitochondrial transfer method can greatly promote precision medicine for cell therapy of mtDNA-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Shakoor
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 99907, China
| | - Bin Wang
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GDL) Advanced Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regeneration Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of, Hong Kong, 99907, Hong Kong S.A.R
| | - Lei Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 99907, China
| | - Lingchi Kong
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regeneration Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of, Hong Kong, 99907, Hong Kong S.A.R
| | - Wendi Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 99907, China
| | - Jiayu Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 99907, China
| | - Kwan Man
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 99907, Hong Kong S.A.R
| | - Gang Li
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GDL) Advanced Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regeneration Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of, Hong Kong, 99907, Hong Kong S.A.R
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 99907, China
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17
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Jiang D, Liu J, Pan Y, Zhuang L, Wang P. Surface acoustic wave (SAW) techniques in tissue engineering. Cell Tissue Res 2021; 386:215-226. [PMID: 34390407 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-020-03397-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the introduction of surface acoustic wave (SAW) technique for microfluidics has drawn a lot of attention. The pattern and mutual communication in cell layers, tissues, and organs play a critical role in tissue homeostasis and regeneration and may contribute to disease occurrence and progression. Tissue engineering aims to repair and regenerate damaged organs, depending on biomimetic scaffolds and advanced fabrication technology. However, traditional bioengineering synthesis approaches are time-consuming, heterogeneous, and unmanageable. It is hard to pattern cells in scaffolds effectively with no impact on cell viability and function. Here, we summarize a biocompatible, easily available, label-free, and non-invasive tool, surface acoustic wave (SAW) technique, which is getting a lot of attention in tissue engineering. SAW technique can realize accurate sorting, manipulation, and cells' pattern and rapid formation of spheroids. By integrating several SAW devices onto lab-on-a-chip platforms, tissue engineering lab-on-a-chip system was proposed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to summarize the application of this novel technique in the field of tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deming Jiang
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jingwen Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Yuxiang Pan
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Liujing Zhuang
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China. .,State Key Laboratory for Sensor Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China.
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18
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Melzer JE, McLeod E. Assembly of multicomponent structures from hundreds of micron-scale building blocks using optical tweezers. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2021; 7:45. [PMID: 34567758 PMCID: PMC8433220 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-021-00272-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) microscale structures is critical for many applications, including strong and lightweight material development, medical device fabrication, microrobotics, and photonic applications. While 3D microfabrication has seen progress over the past decades, complex multicomponent integration with small or hierarchical feature sizes is still a challenge. In this study, an optical positioning and linking (OPAL) platform based on optical tweezers is used to precisely fabricate 3D microstructures from two types of micron-scale building blocks linked by biochemical interactions. A computer-controlled interface with rapid on-the-fly automated recalibration routines maintains accuracy even after placing many building blocks. OPAL achieves a 60-nm positional accuracy by optimizing the molecular functionalization and laser power. A two-component structure consisting of 448 1-µm building blocks is assembled, representing the largest number of building blocks used to date in 3D optical tweezer microassembly. Although optical tweezers have previously been used for microfabrication, those results were generally restricted to single-material structures composed of a relatively small number of larger-sized building blocks, with little discussion of critical process parameters. It is anticipated that OPAL will enable the assembly, augmentation, and repair of microstructures composed of specialty micro/nanomaterial building blocks to be used in new photonic, microfluidic, and biomedical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey E. Melzer
- Wyant College of Optical Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721 USA
| | - Euan McLeod
- Wyant College of Optical Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721 USA
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19
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Ferretti S, Bianchi S, Frangipane G, Di Leonardo R. A virtual reality interface for the immersive manipulation of live microscopic systems. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7610. [PMID: 33828325 PMCID: PMC8027422 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87004-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
For more than three centuries we have been watching and studying microscopic phenomena behind a microscope. We discovered that cells live in a physical environment whose predominant factors are no longer those of our scale and for which we lack a direct experience and consequently a deep intuition. Here we demonstrate a new instrument which, by integrating holographic and virtual reality technologies, allows the user to be completely immersed in a dynamic virtual world which is a simultaneous replica of a real system under the microscope. We use holographic microscopy for fast 3D imaging and real-time rendering on a virtual reality headset. At the same time, hand tracking data is used to dynamically generate holographic optical traps that can be used as virtual projections of the user hands to interactively grab and manipulate ensembles of microparticles or living motile cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Ferretti
- Physics Department, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvio Bianchi
- Soft and Living Matter Laboratory, NANOTEC-CNR, Institute of Nanotechnology, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Giacomo Frangipane
- Soft and Living Matter Laboratory, NANOTEC-CNR, Institute of Nanotechnology, 00185, Rome, Italy
- Physics Department, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Di Leonardo
- Soft and Living Matter Laboratory, NANOTEC-CNR, Institute of Nanotechnology, 00185, Rome, Italy.
- Physics Department, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy.
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20
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Soto F, Wang J, Deshmukh S, Demirci U. Reversible Design of Dynamic Assemblies at Small Scales. ADVANCED INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 3:2000193. [PMID: 35663639 PMCID: PMC9165726 DOI: 10.1002/aisy.202000193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Emerging bottom-up fabrication methods have enabled the assembly of synthetic colloids, microrobots, living cells, and organoids to create intricate structures with unique properties that transcend their individual components. This review provides an access point to the latest developments in externally driven assembly of synthetic and biological components. In particular, we emphasize reversibility, which enables the fabrication of multiscale systems that would not be possible under traditional techniques. Magnetic, acoustic, optical, and electric fields are the most promising methods for controlling the reversible assembly of biological and synthetic subunits since they can reprogram their assembly by switching on/off the external field or shaping these fields. We feature capabilities to dynamically actuate the assembly configuration by modulating the properties of the external stimuli, including frequency and amplitude. We describe the design principles which enable the assembly of reconfigurable structures. Finally, we foresee that the high degree of control capabilities offered by externally driven assembly will enable broad access to increasingly robust design principles towards building advanced dynamic intelligent systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Soto
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, 94304-5427, USA
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 94304-5427, USA
| | - Jie Wang
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, 94304-5427, USA
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 94304-5427, USA
| | - Shreya Deshmukh
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, 94304-5427, USA
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 94304-5427, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305-4125, USA
| | - Utkan Demirci
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, 94304-5427, USA
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 94304-5427, USA
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21
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Soto F, Guimarães CF, Reis RL, Franco W, Rizvi I, Demirci U. Emerging biofabrication approaches for gastrointestinal organoids towards patient specific cancer models. Cancer Lett 2021; 504:116-124. [PMID: 33577978 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineered organoids are simple biomodels that can emulate the structural and functional complexity of specific organs. Here, we review developments in three-dimensional (3D) artificial cell constructs to model gastrointestinal dynamics towards cancer diagnosis. We describe bottom-up approaches to fabricate close-packed cell aggregates, from the use of biochemical and physical cues to guide the self-assembly of organoids, to the use of engineering approaches, including 3D printing/additive manufacturing and external field-driven protocols. Finally, we outline the main challenges and possible risks regarding the potential translation of gastrointestinal organoids from laboratory settings to patient-specific models in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Soto
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, 94304-5427, USA
| | - Carlos F Guimarães
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, 94304-5427, USA; 3B's Research Group, Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group, Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Walfre Franco
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, 01854, MA, USA; Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, 02114, MA, USA
| | - Imran Rizvi
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Utkan Demirci
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, 94304-5427, USA.
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22
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Li Z, Wang D, Fei C, Qiu Z, Hou C, Wu R, Li D, Zhang Q, Chen D, Chen Z, Feng W, Yang Y. The forbidden band and size selectivity of acoustic radiation force trapping. iScience 2021; 24:101988. [PMID: 33490898 PMCID: PMC7809519 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acoustic micro-beams produced by highly focused ultrasound transducer have been investigated for micro-particle and cell manipulation. Here we report the selective trapping of microspheres via the acoustic force using the single acoustical beam. The forbidden band theory of acoustic radiation force trapping is proposed, which indicates that the trapping of particles via the acoustic beam is directly related to the particle diameter-to-beam wavelength ratio as well as excitation frequency of the ultrasonic acoustic tweezers. Three tightly focused LiNbO3 transducers with different center frequencies were fabricated for use as selective single beam acoustic tweezers (SBATs). These SBATs were capable of selectively manipulating microspheres of sizes 5–45 μm by adjusting the wavelength of acoustic beam. Our observations could introduce new avenues for research in biology and biophysics by promoting the development of a tool for selectively manipulating microspheres or cells of certain selected sizes, by carefully setting the acoustic beam shape and wavelength. Ultrahigh-frequency (≥100 MHz) ultrasonic transducer to manipulate microspheres The broad bandwidth and highly focused transducer differentiate microparticles FEA modeling and calculation indicate the force for selectively trapping The forbidden band theory of acoustic radiation force is proposed for trapping
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxi Li
- School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
| | - Danfeng Wang
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chunlong Fei
- School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Corresponding author
| | - Zhihai Qiu
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Chenxue Hou
- School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
| | - Runcong Wu
- School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
| | - Di Li
- School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qidong Zhang
- School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dongdong Chen
- School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zeyu Chen
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Feng
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yintang Yang
- School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
- Corresponding author
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23
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Su J, Li N, Wang X, Chen X, Hu H. Simultaneous and independent capture of multiple Rayleigh dielectric nanospheres with sine-modulated Gaussian beams. Sci Rep 2021; 11:125. [PMID: 33420218 PMCID: PMC7794453 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80470-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the propagation properties and radiation forces on Rayleigh dielectric particles produced by novel sine-modulated Gaussian beams (SMGBs) because of the unique focusing properties of four independent light intensity distribution centers and possessing many deep potential wells in the output plane of the target laser. The described beams can concurrently capture and manipulate multiple Rayleigh dielectric spheres with high refractive indices without disturbing each other at the focus plane. Spheres with a low refractive index can be guided or confined in the focus but cannot be stably trapped in this single beam trap. Simulation results demonstrate that the focused SMGBs can be used to trap particle in different planes by increasing the sine-modulate coefficient g. The conditions for effective and stable capture of high-index particles and the threshold of detectable radius are determined at the end of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Su
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
| | - Xianfan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Xingfan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.,Quantum Sensing Center, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Huizhu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China. .,Quantum Sensing Center, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
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24
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Xin H, Li Y, Liu YC, Zhang Y, Xiao YF, Li B. Optical Forces: From Fundamental to Biological Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2001994. [PMID: 32715536 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202001994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Optical forces, generally arising from changes of field gradients or linear momentum carried by photons, form the basis for optical trapping and manipulation. Advances in optical forces help to reveal the nature of light-matter interactions, giving answers to a wide range of questions and solving problems across various disciplines, and are still yielding new insights in many exciting sciences, particularly in the fields of biological technology, material applications, and quantum sciences. This review focuses on recent advances in optical forces, ranging from fundamentals to applications for biological exploration. First, the basics of different types of optical forces with new light-matter interaction mechanisms and near-field techniques for optical force generation beyond the diffraction limit with nanometer accuracy are described. Optical forces for biological applications from in vitro to in vivo are then reviewed. Applications from individual manipulation to multiple assembly into functional biophotonic probes and soft-matter superstructures are discussed. At the end future directions for application of optical forces for biological exploration are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbao Xin
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Yuchao Li
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Yong-Chun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Yun-Feng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226010, China
| | - Baojun Li
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
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25
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Ouyang L, Armstrong JPK, Chen Q, Lin Y, Stevens MM. Void-free 3D Bioprinting for In-situ Endothelialization and Microfluidic Perfusion. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2020; 30:1909009. [PMID: 35677899 PMCID: PMC7612826 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201909009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Two major challenges of 3D bioprinting are the retention of structural fidelity and efficient endothelialization for tissue vascularization. We address both of these issues by introducing a versatile 3D bioprinting strategy, in which a templating bioink is deposited layer-by-layer alongside a matrix bioink to establish void-free multimaterial structures. After crosslinking the matrix phase, the templating phase is sacrificed to create a well-defined 3D network of interconnected tubular channels. This void-free 3D printing (VF-3DP) approach circumvents the traditional concerns of structural collapse, deformation and oxygen inhibition, moreover, it can be readily used to print materials that are widely considered "unprintable". By pre-loading endothelial cells into the templating bioink, the inner surface of the channels can be efficiently cellularized with a confluent endothelial layer. This in-situ endothelialization method can be used to produce endothelium with a far greater uniformity than can be achieved using the conventional post-seeding approach. This VF-3DP approach can also be extended beyond tissue fabrication and towards customized hydrogel-based microfluidics and self-supported perfusable hydrogel constructs.
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26
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Cohen S, Sazan H, Kenigsberg A, Schori H, Piperno S, Shpaisman H, Shefi O. Large-scale acoustic-driven neuronal patterning and directed outgrowth. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4932. [PMID: 32188875 PMCID: PMC7080736 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60748-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Acoustic manipulation is an emerging non-invasive method enabling precise spatial control of cells in their native environment. Applying this method for organizing neurons is invaluable for neural tissue engineering applications. Here, we used surface and bulk standing acoustic waves for large-scale patterning of Dorsal Root Ganglia neurons and PC12 cells forming neuronal cluster networks, organized biomimetically. We showed that by changing parameters such as voltage intensity or cell concentration we were able to affect cluster properties. We examined the effects of acoustic arrangement on cells atop 3D hydrogels for up to 6 days and showed that assembled cells spontaneously grew branches in a directed manner towards adjacent clusters, infiltrating the matrix. These findings have great relevance for tissue engineering applications as well as for mimicking architectures and properties of native tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Cohen
- Faculty of Engineering, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Bar-Ilan Institute of Nanotechnologies and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Haim Sazan
- Bar-Ilan Institute of Nanotechnologies and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Avraham Kenigsberg
- Bar-Ilan Institute of Nanotechnologies and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Hadas Schori
- Faculty of Engineering, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Bar-Ilan Institute of Nanotechnologies and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Silvia Piperno
- Bar-Ilan Institute of Nanotechnologies and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Hagay Shpaisman
- Bar-Ilan Institute of Nanotechnologies and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel.
| | - Orit Shefi
- Faculty of Engineering, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.
- Bar-Ilan Institute of Nanotechnologies and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.
- Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.
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27
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Armstrong JPK, Stevens MM. Using Remote Fields for Complex Tissue Engineering. Trends Biotechnol 2020; 38:254-263. [PMID: 31439372 PMCID: PMC7023978 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Great strides have been taken towards the in vitro engineering of clinically relevant tissue constructs using the classic triad of cells, materials, and biochemical factors. In this perspective, we highlight ways in which these elements can be manipulated or stimulated using a fourth component: the application of remote fields. This arena has gained great momentum over the last few years, with a recent surge of interest in using magnetic, optical, and acoustic fields to guide the organization of cells, materials, and biochemical factors. We summarize recent developments and trends in this arena and then lay out a series of challenges that we believe, if met, could enable the widespread adoption of remote fields in mainstream tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P K Armstrong
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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28
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Algorithms for the Motion of Randomly Positioned Hexagonal and Square Microparts on a "Smart Platform" with Electrostatic Forces and a New Method for Their Simultaneous Centralization and Alignment. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:mi10120874. [PMID: 31842370 PMCID: PMC6953110 DOI: 10.3390/mi10120874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, an approach is proposed for the simultaneous manipulation of multiple hexagonal and square plastic-glass type microparts that are positioned randomly on a smart platform (SP) using electrostatic forces applied by the suitable activation of circular conductive electrodes. First, the statics analysis of a micropart on the SP is presented in detail and the forces and torques that are applied to and around the center of mass (COM) respectively due to the activation of a SP electrode are determined. The "single electrode activation" (SEA) and the "multiple electrodes activations" (MEA) algorithms are introduced to determine the feasible SP electrodes activations for the microparts manipulation considering their initial configuration. An algorithm for the simultaneous handling of multiple microparts is studied considering the collision avoidance with neighboring microparts. An approach is presented for the simultaneous centralization and alignment of the microparts preparing them for their batch parallel motion on the SP. The developed algorithms are applied to a simulated platform and the results are presented and discussed.
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29
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Kirkham GR, Ware J, Upton T, Allen S, Shakesheff KM, Buttery LDK. Localized Induction of Gene Expression in Embryonic Stem Cell Aggregates Using Holographic Optical Tweezers to Create Biochemical Gradients. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 6:251-261. [PMID: 33029554 PMCID: PMC7505830 DOI: 10.1007/s40883-019-00114-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) cell models that mimic the structure and function of native tissues are enabling more detailed study of physiological and pathological mechanisms in vitro. We have previously demonstrated the ability to build and manipulate 3D multicellular microscopic structures using holographic optical tweezers (HOTs). Here, we show the construction of a precisely patterned 3D microenvironment and biochemical gradient model consisting of mouse embryoid bodies (mEBs) and polymer microparticles loaded with retinoic acid (RA), embedded in a hydrogel. We demonstrate discrete, zonal expression of the RA-inducible protein Stra8 within mEBs in response to release of RA from polymer microparticles, corresponding directly to the defined 3D positioning of the microparticles using HOTs. These results demonstrate the ability of this technology to create chemical microgradients at definable length scales and to elicit, with fidelity and precision, specific biological responses. This technique can be used in the study of in vitro microenvironments to enable new insights on 3D cell models, their cellular assembly, and the delivery of drug or biochemical molecules for engineering and interrogation of functional and morphogenic responses. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glen R Kirkham
- College of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS UK
| | - James Ware
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD UK
| | - Thomas Upton
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD UK
| | - Stephanie Allen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD UK
| | | | - Lee DK Buttery
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD UK
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30
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Cell membrane engineering with synthetic materials: Applications in cell spheroids, cellular glues and microtissue formation. Acta Biomater 2019; 90:21-36. [PMID: 30986529 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Biologically inspired materials with tunable bio- and physicochemical properties provide an essential framework to actively control and support cellular behavior. Cell membrane remodeling approaches benefit from the advances in polymer science and bioconjugation methods, which allow for the installation of un-/natural molecules and particles on the cells' surface. Synthetically remodeled cells have superior properties and are under intense investigation in various therapeutic scenarios as cell delivery systems, bio-sensing platforms, injectable biomaterials and bioinks for 3D bioprinting applications. In this review article, recent advances in the field of cell surface remodeling via bio-chemical means and the potential biomedical applications of these emerging cell hybrids are discussed. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Recent advances in bioconjugation methods, controlled/living polymerizations, microfabrication techniques and 3D printing technologies have enabled researchers to probe specific cellular functions and cues for therapeutic and research purposes through the formation of cell spheroids and polymer-cell chimeras. This review article highlights recent non-genetic cell membrane engineering strategies towards the fabrication of cellular ensembles and microtissues with interest in 3D in vitro modeling, cell therapeutics and tissue engineering. From a wider perspective, these approaches may provide a roadmap for future advances in cell therapies which will expedite the clinical use of cells, thereby improving the quality and accessibility of disease treatments.
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31
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Magnetically Assisted Control of Stem Cells Applied in 2D, 3D and In Situ Models of Cell Migration. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24081563. [PMID: 31010261 PMCID: PMC6515403 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24081563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The success of cell therapy approaches is greatly dependent on the ability to precisely deliver and monitor transplanted stem cell grafts at treated sites. Iron oxide particles, traditionally used in vivo for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), have been shown to also represent a safe and efficient in vitro labelling agent for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Here, stem cells were labelled with magnetic particles, and their resulting response to magnetic forces was studied using 2D and 3D models. Labelled cells exhibited magnetic responsiveness, which promoted localised retention and patterned cell seeding when exposed to magnet arrangements in vitro. Directed migration was observed in 2D culture when adherent cells were exposed to a magnetic field, and also when cells were seeded into a 3D gel. Finally, a model of cell injection into the rodent leg was used to test the enhanced localised retention of labelled stem cells when applying magnetic forces, using whole body imaging to confirm the potential use of magnetic particles in strategies seeking to better control cell distribution for in vivo cell delivery.
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32
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Yamazaki T, Taniguchi H, Tsuji S, Sato S, Kenmotsu T, Yoshikawa K, Sadakane K. Manipulating Living Cells to Construct Stable 3D Cellular Assembly Without Artificial Scaffold. J Vis Exp 2018:57815. [PMID: 30417883 PMCID: PMC6235610 DOI: 10.3791/57815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Regenerative medicine and tissue engineering offer several advantages for the treatment of intractable diseases, and several studies have demonstrated the importance of 3-dimensional (3D) cellular assemblies in these fields. Artificial scaffolds have often been used to construct 3D cellular assemblies. However, the scaffolds used to construct cellular assemblies are sometimes toxic and may change the properties of the cells. Thus, it would be beneficial to establish a non-toxic method for facilitating cell-cell contact. In this paper, we introduce a novel method for constructing stable cellular assemblies by using optical tweezers with dextran. One of the advantages of this method is that it establishes stable cell-to-cell contact within a few minutes. This new method allows the construction of 3D cellular assemblies in a natural hydrophilic polymer and is expected to be useful for constructing next-generation 3D single-cell assemblies in the fields of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hiroaki Taniguchi
- The Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences
| | - Shoto Tsuji
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University
| | - Shiho Sato
- Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University
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33
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Physiological Hypoxia (Physioxia) Impairs the Early Adhesion of Single Lymphoma Cell to Marrow Stromal Cell and Extracellular Matrix. Optical Tweezers Study. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19071880. [PMID: 29949925 PMCID: PMC6073489 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19071880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Adhesion is critical for the maintenance of cellular structures as well as intercellular communication, and its dysfunction occurs prevalently during cancer progression. Recently, a growing number of studies indicated the ability of oxygen to regulate adhesion molecules expression, however, the influence of physiological hypoxia (physioxia) on cell adhesion remains elusive. Thus, here we aimed: (i) to develop an optical tweezers based assay to precisely evaluate single diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cell adhesion to neighbor cells (mesenchymal stromal cells) and extracellular matrix (Matrigel) under normoxia and physioxia; and, (ii) to explore the role of integrins in adhesion of single lymphoma cell. We identified the pronouncedly reduced adhesive properties of lymphoma cell lines and primary lymphocytes B under physioxia to both stromal cells and Matrigel. Corresponding effects were shown in bulk adhesion assays. Then we emphasized that impaired β1, β2 integrins, and cadherin-2 expression, studied by confocal microscopy, account for reduction in lymphocyte adhesion in physioxia. Additionally, the blockade studies conducted with anti-integrin antibodies have revealed the critical role of integrins in lymphoma adhesion. To summarize, the presented approach allows for precise confirmation of the changes in single cell adhesion properties provoked by physiological hypoxia. Thus, our findings reveal an unprecedented role of using physiologically relevant oxygen conditioning and single cell adhesion approaches when investigating tumor adhesion in vitro.
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34
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Liu J, Li Z. Controlled Mechanical Motions of Microparticles in Optical Tweezers. MICROMACHINES 2018; 9:E232. [PMID: 30424165 PMCID: PMC6187602 DOI: 10.3390/mi9050232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Optical tweezers, formed by a highly focused laser beam, have intriguing applications in biology and physics. Inspired by molecular rotors, numerous optical beams and artificial particles have been proposed to build optical tweezers trapping microparticles, and extensive experiences have been learned towards constructing precise, stable, flexible and controllable micromachines. The mechanism of interaction between particles and localized light fields is quite different for different types of particles, such as metal particles, dielectric particles and Janus particles. In this article, we present a comprehensive overview of the latest development on the fundamental and application of optical trapping. The emphasis is placed on controllable mechanical motions of particles, including rotation, translation and their mutual coupling under the optical forces and torques created by a wide variety of optical tweezers operating on different particles. Finally, we conclude by proposing promising directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Institute of Laser and Intelligent Manufacturing Technology, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Zhiyuan Li
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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35
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Melzer JE, McLeod E. Fundamental Limits of Optical Tweezer Nanoparticle Manipulation Speeds. ACS NANO 2018; 12:2440-2447. [PMID: 29400940 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b07914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Optical tweezers are a noncontact method of 3D positioning applicable to the fields of micro- and nanomanipulation and assembly, among others. In these applications, the ability to manipulate particles over relatively long distances at high speed is essential in determining overall process efficiency and throughput. In order to maximize manipulation speeds, it is necessary to increase the trapping laser power, which is often accompanied by undesirable heating effects due to material absorption. As such, the majority of previous studies focus primarily on trapping large dielectric microspheres using slow movement speeds at low laser powers, over relatively short translation distances. In contrast, we push nanoparticle manipulation beyond the region in which maximum lateral movement speed is linearly proportional to laser power, and investigate the fundamental limits imposed by material absorption, thus quantifying maximum possible speeds attainable with optical tweezers. We find that gold and silver nanospheres of diameter 100 nm are limited to manipulation speeds of ∼0.15 mm/s, while polystyrene spheres of diameter 160 nm can reach speeds up to ∼0.17 mm/s, over distances ranging from 0.1 to 1 mm. When the laser power is increased beyond the values used for these maximum manipulation speeds, the nanoparticles are no longer stably trapped in 3D due to weak confinement as a result of material absorption, heating, microbubble formation, and enhanced Brownian motion. We compared this result to our theoretical model, incorporating optical forces in the Rayleigh regime, Stokes' drag, and absorption effects, and found good agreement. These results show that optical tweezers can be fast enough to compete with other common, serial rapid prototyping and nanofabrication approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey E Melzer
- College of Optical Sciences , University of Arizona , Tucson , Arizona 85721 , United States
| | - Euan McLeod
- College of Optical Sciences , University of Arizona , Tucson , Arizona 85721 , United States
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36
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Bahadori A, Moreno-Pescador G, Oddershede LB, Bendix PM. Remotely controlled fusion of selected vesicles and living cells: a key issue review. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2018; 81:032602. [PMID: 29369822 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/aa9966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Remote control over fusion of single cells and vesicles has a great potential in biological and chemical research allowing both transfer of genetic material between cells and transfer of molecular content between vesicles. Membrane fusion is a critical process in biology that facilitates molecular transport and mixing of cellular cytoplasms with potential formation of hybrid cells. Cells precisely regulate internal membrane fusions with the aid of specialized fusion complexes that physically provide the energy necessary for mediating fusion. Physical factors like membrane curvature, tension and temperature, affect biological membrane fusion by lowering the associated energy barrier. This has inspired the development of physical approaches to harness the fusion process at a single cell level by using remotely controlled electromagnetic fields to trigger membrane fusion. Here, we critically review various approaches, based on lasers or electric pulses, to control fusion between individual cells or between individual lipid vesicles and discuss their potential and limitations for present and future applications within biochemistry, biology and soft matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azra Bahadori
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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37
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Messner JJ, Glenn HL, Meldrum DR. Laser-fabricated cell patterning stencil for single cell analysis. BMC Biotechnol 2017; 17:89. [PMID: 29258486 PMCID: PMC5735507 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-017-0408-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Precise spatial positioning and isolation of mammalian cells is a critical component of many single cell experimental methods and biological engineering applications. Although a variety of cell patterning methods have been demonstrated, many of these methods subject cells to high stress environments, discriminate against certain phenotypes, or are a challenge to implement. Here, we demonstrate a rapid, simple, indiscriminate, and minimally perturbing cell patterning method using a laser fabricated polymer stencil. The stencil fabrication process requires no stencil-substrate alignment, and is readily adaptable to various substrate geometries and experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Honor L Glenn
- Biodesign Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines, and Virotherapy, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S. McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - Deirdre R Meldrum
- Center for Biosignatures Discovery Automation, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S. McAllister Ave., P.O. Box 877101, Tempe, AZ, 85287-7101, USA.
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38
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Sakamoto Y, Toyabe S. Assembly of a functional and responsive microstructure by heat bonding of DNA-grafted colloidal brick. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9104. [PMID: 28831196 PMCID: PMC5567359 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09804-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A micromachine constructed to possess various chemical and mechanical functions is one of the ultimate targets of technology. Conventional lithographic processes can be used to form complicated structures. However, they are basically limited to rigid and static structures with poor surface properties. Here, we demonstrate a novel method for assembling responsive and functional microstructures from diverse particles modified with DNA strands. The DNA strands are designed to form hairpins at room temperature and denature when heated. Structures are assembled through the simultaneous manipulation and heating of particles with "hot" optical tweezers, which incorporates the particles one by one. The flexible connection formed by DNA strands allows the responsive deformation of the structures with local controllability of the structural flexibility. We assembled a microscopic robot arm actuated by an external magnet, a hinge structure with a locally controlled connection flexibility and a three-dimensional double helix structure. The method is simple and can also be applied to build complex biological tissues from cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Sakamoto
- Department of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan
| | - Shoichi Toyabe
- Department of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan.
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39
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Xu T, Yin C, Kan X, He T, Han Q, Cao Z, Chen X. Drying-mediated optical assembly of silica spheres in a symmetrical metallic waveguide structure. OPTICS LETTERS 2017; 42:2960-2963. [PMID: 28957219 DOI: 10.1364/ol.42.002960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We describe the optical trapping application of a simple metallic slab optical waveguide structure, and demonstrate the influence of the excited guided modes on the aggregation behavior of silica particles during the irreversible evaporation process. Periodic horizontal stripes are formed by the highly ordered assemblies of the silica spheres, which is explained via the interference effect between the forward propagating modes and its reflection at the solvent surface. Particularly, several layers consisting of high-density particles are discernible in the stripe zones due to the optical binding, while no particles locate between these stripes. Completely different from the self-assembly patterns in the evaporating solvent without excitation of optical modes, this Letter demonstrates the versatility in the possible patterns of the optical assembly by a coupling waveguide with more complex structures.
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40
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Manipulating Living Cells to Construct a 3D Single-Cell Assembly without an Artificial Scaffold. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:polym9080319. [PMID: 30970994 PMCID: PMC6418816 DOI: 10.3390/polym9080319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Artificial scaffolds such as synthetic gels or chemically-modified glass surfaces that have often been used to achieve cell adhesion are xenobiotic and may harm cells. To enhance the value of cell studies in the fields of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering, it is becoming increasingly important to create a cell-friendly technique to promote cell–cell contact. In the present study, we developed a novel method for constructing stable cellular assemblies by using optical tweezers in a solution of a natural hydrophilic polymer, dextran. In this method, a target cell is transferred to another target cell to make cell–cell contact by optical tweezers in a culture medium containing dextran. When originally non-cohesive cells are held in contact with each other for a few minutes under laser trapping, stable cell–cell adhesion is accomplished. This method for creating cellular assemblies in the presence of a natural hydrophilic polymer may serve as a novel next-generation 3D single-cell assembly system with future applications in the growing field of regenerative medicine.
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Tomographic active optical trapping of arbitrarily shaped objects by exploiting 3D refractive index maps. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15340. [PMID: 28530232 PMCID: PMC5458125 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical trapping can manipulate the three-dimensional (3D) motion of spherical particles based on the simple prediction of optical forces and the responding motion of samples. However, controlling the 3D behaviour of non-spherical particles with arbitrary orientations is extremely challenging, due to experimental difficulties and extensive computations. Here, we achieve the real-time optical control of arbitrarily shaped particles by combining the wavefront shaping of a trapping beam and measurements of the 3D refractive index distribution of samples. Engineering the 3D light field distribution of a trapping beam based on the measured 3D refractive index map of samples generates a light mould, which can manipulate colloidal and biological samples with arbitrary orientations and/or shapes. The present method provides stable control of the orientation and assembly of arbitrarily shaped particles without knowing a priori information about the sample geometry. The proposed method can be directly applied in biophotonics and soft matter physics. Controlling the three-dimensional behaviour of arbitrarily shaped and oriented particles with optical tweezers is a challenging task. Here, Kim and Park use tomographic active trapping to manipulate non-spherical particles and particle ensembles as well as biological cells.
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Gullo MR, Takeuchi S, Paul O. Multicellular Biohybrid Materials: Probing the Interplay of Cells of Different Types Precisely Positioned and Constrained on 3D Wireframe-Like Microstructures. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 28306220 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201601053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Driven by the unbroken miniaturization trend in microtechnology, the development of smaller, yet reliable and efficient, highly integrated microsystems can benefit from inherent capabilities of biological cells. In particular, by featuring multiple types of cells, biohybrid systems exhibiting self-contained sensing and actuation capabilities can be conceived. To ensure the proper functioning of such multicellular biohybrid systems, the intended cell arrangement needs to be maintained over time. Microscaffolds designed for this purpose should therefore selectively guide or hinder cell migration. However, the basic cell-structure interactions governing the cell migration and extension processes are not yet fully understood. This paper explores these interactions and proposes a method for the fabrication of advanced multicellular biohybrid materials. The method is based on wireframe-like 3D microstructures onto which several types of cells are successfully positioned and arranged by optical manipulation. Experiments exploring cell dynamics reveal geometry-dependent maximal migration and extension distances. Microscaffolds designed on the basis of these characteristics can guide cell migration, trigger structure-contained cell growth, and maintain a predetermined cell arrangement. The methods reported herein therefore provide insight into cell assembly and migration on 3D microscaffolds, which is an essential early step towards advanced multicellular biohybrid materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio R. Gullo
- Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK); University of Freiburg; Georges-Koehler-Allee 103 79110 Freiburg Germany
| | - Shoji Takeuchi
- Institute of Industrial Science; The University of Tokyo; Room Fw-205, 4-6-1 Komaba Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8505 Japan
| | - Oliver Paul
- Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK); University of Freiburg; Georges-Koehler-Allee 103 79110 Freiburg Germany
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Naseer SM, Manbachi A, Samandari M, Walch P, Gao Y, Zhang YS, Davoudi F, Wang W, Abrinia K, Cooper JM, Khademhosseini A, Shin SR. Surface acoustic waves induced micropatterning of cells in gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels. Biofabrication 2017; 9:015020. [PMID: 28195834 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/aa585e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Acoustic force patterning is an emerging technology that provides a platform to control the spatial location of cells in a rapid, accurate, yet contactless manner. However, very few studies have been reported on the usage of acoustic force patterning for the rapid arrangement of biological objects, such as cells, in a three-dimensional (3D) environment. In this study, we report on a bio-acoustic force patterning technique, which uses surface acoustic waves (SAWs) for the rapid arrangement of cells within an extracellular matrix-based hydrogel such as gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA). A proof-of-principle was achieved through both simulations and experiments based on the in-house fabricated piezoelectric SAW transducers, which enabled us to explore the effects of various parameters on the performance of the built construct. The SAWs were applied in a fashion that generated standing SAWs (SSAWs) on the substrate, the energy of which subsequently was transferred into the gel, creating a rapid, and contactless alignment of the cells (<10 s, based on the experimental conditions). Following ultraviolet radiation induced photo-crosslinking of the cell encapsulated GelMA pre-polymer solution, the patterned cardiac cells readily spread after alignment in the GelMA hydrogel and demonstrated beating activity in 5-7 days. The described acoustic force assembly method can be utilized not only to control the spatial distribution of the cells inside a 3D construct, but can also preserve the viability and functionality of the patterned cells (e.g. beating rates of cardiac cells). This platform can be potentially employed in a diverse range of applications, whether it is for tissue engineering, in vitro cell studies, or creating 3D biomimetic tissue structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid M Naseer
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Brigham Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, United States. Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States. Division of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Rankine Building, 78 Oakfield Avenue, Glasgow G12 8LT, United Kingdom
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Saleh AAE, Sheikhoelislami S, Gastelum S, Dionne JA. Grating-flanked plasmonic coaxial apertures for efficient fiber optical tweezers. OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 24:20593-20603. [PMID: 27607663 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.020593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Subwavelength plasmonic apertures have been foundational for direct optical manipulation of nanoscale specimens including sub-100 nm polymeric beads, metallic nanoparticles and proteins. While most plasmonic traps result in two-dimensional localization, three-dimensional manipulation has been demonstrated by integrating a plasmonic aperture on an optical fiber tip. However, such 3D traps are usually inefficient since the optical mode of the fiber and the subwavelength aperture only weakly couple. In this paper we design more efficient optical-fiber-based plasmonic tweezers combining a coaxial plasmonic aperture with a plasmonic grating coupler at the fiber tip facet. Using full-field finite difference time domain analysis, we optimize the grating design for both gold and silver fiber-based coaxial tweezers such that the optical transmission through the apertures is maximized. With the optimized grating, we show that the maximum transmission efficiency increases from 2.5% to 19.6% and from 1.48% to 16.7% for the gold and silver structures respectively. To evaluate their performance as optical tweezers, we calculate the optical forces and the corresponding trapping potential on dielectric particles interacting with the apertures. We demonstrate that the enahncement in the transmission translates into an equivalent increase in the optical forces. Consequently, the optical power required to achieve stable optical trapping is significantly reduced allowing for efficient localization and 3D manipulation of sub-30 nm dielectric particles.
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46
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Huang L, Tu L, Zeng X, Mi L, Li X, Wang W. Study of a Microfluidic Chip Integrating Single Cell Trap and 3D Stable Rotation Manipulation. MICROMACHINES 2016; 7:E141. [PMID: 30404313 PMCID: PMC6190350 DOI: 10.3390/mi7080141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Single cell manipulation technology has been widely applied in biological fields, such as cell injection/enucleation, cell physiological measurement, and cell imaging. Recently, a biochip platform with a novel configuration of electrodes for cell 3D rotation has been successfully developed by generating rotating electric fields. However, the rotation platform still has two major shortcomings that need to be improved. The primary problem is that there is no on-chip module to facilitate the placement of a single cell into the rotation chamber, which causes very low efficiency in experiment to manually pipette single 10-micron-scale cells into rotation position. Secondly, the cell in the chamber may suffer from unstable rotation, which includes gravity-induced sinking down to the chamber bottom or electric-force-induced on-plane movement. To solve the two problems, in this paper we propose a new microfluidic chip with manipulation capabilities of single cell trap and single cell 3D stable rotation, both on one chip. The new microfluidic chip consists of two parts. The top capture part is based on the least flow resistance principle and is used to capture a single cell and to transport it to the rotation chamber. The bottom rotation part is based on dielectrophoresis (DEP) and is used to 3D rotate the single cell in the rotation chamber with enhanced stability. The two parts are aligned and bonded together to form closed channels for microfluidic handling. Using COMSOL simulation and preliminary experiments, we have verified, in principle, the concept of on-chip single cell traps and 3D stable rotation, and identified key parameters for chip structures, microfluidic handling, and electrode configurations. The work has laid a solid foundation for on-going chip fabrication and experiment validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instrument, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Long Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instrument, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xueyong Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instrument, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Lu Mi
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instrument, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xuzhou Li
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instrument, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Wenhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instrument, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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Formation of stable cell–cell contact without a solid/gel scaffold: Non-invasive manipulation by laser under depletion interaction with a polymer. Chem Phys Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2016.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Fusco S, Memmolo P, Miccio L, Merola F, Mugnano M, Paciello A, Ferraro P, Netti PA. Nanomechanics of a fibroblast suspended using point-like anchors reveal cytoskeleton formation. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra26305k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells are suspended and stretched using two microbeads. The formation of inner cytoskeleton structures is reported using displacement, QPM phase change and fluorescent micrographs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabato Fusco
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia
- IIT@CRIB
- Napoli 80125
- Italy
| | - Pasquale Memmolo
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia
- IIT@CRIB
- Napoli 80125
- Italy
- CNR – Istituto di Scienze Applicate e Sistemi Intelligenti
| | - Lisa Miccio
- CNR – Istituto di Scienze Applicate e Sistemi Intelligenti
- Pozzuoli
- Italy
| | - Francesco Merola
- CNR – Istituto di Scienze Applicate e Sistemi Intelligenti
- Pozzuoli
- Italy
| | - Martina Mugnano
- CNR – Istituto di Scienze Applicate e Sistemi Intelligenti
- Pozzuoli
- Italy
| | | | - Pietro Ferraro
- CNR – Istituto di Scienze Applicate e Sistemi Intelligenti
- Pozzuoli
- Italy
| | - Paolo A. Netti
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia
- IIT@CRIB
- Napoli 80125
- Italy
- DCMIPE
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Liu X, Huang J, Zhang Y, Li B. Optical regulation of cell chain. Sci Rep 2015; 5:11578. [PMID: 26098707 PMCID: PMC4476432 DOI: 10.1038/srep11578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Formation of cell chains is a straightforward and efficient method to study the cell interaction. By regulating the contact sequence and interaction distance, the influence of different extracellular cues on the cell interaction can be investigated. However, it faces great challenges in stable retaining and precise regulation of cell chain, especially in cell culture with relatively low cell concentration. Here we demonstrated an optical method to realize the precise regulation of cell chain, including removing or adding a single cell, adjusting interaction distance, and changing cell contact sequence. After injecting a 980-nm wavelength laser beam into a tapered optical fiber probe (FP), a cell chain of Escherichia colis (E. colis) is formed under the optical gradient force. By manipulating another FP close to the cell chain, a targeted E. coli cell can be trapped by the FP and removed from the chain. Further, the targeted cell can be added back to the chain at different positions to change the cell contact sequence. The experiments were interpreted by numerical simulations and the impact of cell sizes and shapes on this method was analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshuai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jianbin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Baojun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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