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Sun F, Qu Q, Li H, Jiang S, Liu Q, Ben S, Pei Y, Liang J, Wang J, Song S, Gao J, Yang W, Xu H, Wu J. All-optical steering on the proton emission in laser-induced nanoplasmas. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5150. [PMID: 38886387 PMCID: PMC11183200 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49569-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanoplasmas induced by intense laser fields have attracted enormous attention due to their accompanied spectacular physical phenomena which are vigorously expected by the community of science and industry. For instance, the energetic electrons and ions produced in laser-driven nanoplasmas are significant for the development of compact beam sources. Nevertheless, effective confinement on the propagating charged particles, which was realized through magnetic field modulation and target structure design in big facilities, are largely absent in the microscopic regime. Here we introduce a reliable scheme to provide control on the emission direction of protons generated from surface ionization in gold nanoparticles driven by intense femtosecond laser fields. The ionization level of the nanosystem provides us a knob to manipulate the characteristics of the collective proton emission. The most probable emission direction can be precisely steered by tuning the excitation strength of the laser pulses. This work opens new avenue for controlling the ion emission in nanoplasmas and can vigorously promote the fields such as development of on-chip beam sources at micro-/nano-scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenghao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, 264209, China
| | - Qiwen Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| | - Shicheng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| | - Qingcao Liu
- College of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, 264209, China
| | - Shuai Ben
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Yu Pei
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Jiaying Liang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Shanshan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Jian Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Weifeng Yang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
- Center for Theoretical Physics, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Hongxing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Jian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Optics, Chongqing Institute of East China Normal University, Chongqing, 401121, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China.
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2
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Rörig A, Son SK, Mazza T, Schmidt P, Baumann TM, Erk B, Ilchen M, Laksman J, Music V, Pathak S, Rivas DE, Rolles D, Serkez S, Usenko S, Santra R, Meyer M, Boll R. Multiple-core-hole resonance spectroscopy with ultraintense X-ray pulses. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5738. [PMID: 37714859 PMCID: PMC10504280 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41505-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the interaction of intense, femtosecond X-ray pulses with heavy atoms is crucial for gaining insights into the structure and dynamics of matter. One key aspect of nonlinear light-matter interaction was, so far, not studied systematically at free-electron lasers-its dependence on the photon energy. Here, we use resonant ion spectroscopy to map out the transient electronic structures occurring during the complex charge-up pathways of xenon. Massively hollow atoms featuring up to six simultaneous core holes determine the spectra at specific photon energies and charge states. We also illustrate how different X-ray pulse parameters, which are usually intertwined, can be partially disentangled. The extraction of resonance spectra is facilitated by the possibility of working with a constant number of photons per X-ray pulse at all photon energies and the fact that the ion yields become independent of the peak fluence beyond a saturation point. Our study lays the groundwork for spectroscopic investigations of transient atomic species in exotic, multiple-core-hole states that have not been explored previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aljoscha Rörig
- European XFEL, Schenefeld, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sang-Kil Son
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany.
| | | | | | | | - Benjamin Erk
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Ilchen
- European XFEL, Schenefeld, Germany
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | | | - Valerija Music
- European XFEL, Schenefeld, Germany
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | - Shashank Pathak
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | | | - Daniel Rolles
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | | | | | - Robin Santra
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany
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3
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Ziaja B, Bekx JJ, Masek M, Medvedev N, Lipp V, Saxena V, Stransky M. Application of Boltzmann kinetic equations to model X-ray-created warm dense matter and plasma. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2023; 381:20220216. [PMID: 37393933 PMCID: PMC10876064 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2022.0216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we describe the application of Boltzmann kinetic equations for modelling warm dense matter and plasma formed after irradiation of solid materials with intense femtosecond X-ray pulses. Classical Boltzmann kinetic equations are derived from the reduced N-particle Liouville equations. They include only single-particle densities of ions and free electrons present in the sample. The first version of the Boltzmann kinetic equation solver was completed in 2006. It could model non-equilibrium evolution of X-ray-irradiated finite-size atomic systems. In 2016, the code was adapted to study plasma created from X-ray-irradiated materials. Additional extension of the code was then also performed, enabling simulations in the hard X-ray irradiation regime. In order to avoid treatment of a very high number of active atomic configurations involved in the excitation and relaxation of X-ray-irradiated materials, an approach called 'predominant excitation and relaxation path' (PERP) was introduced. It limited the number of active atomic configurations by following the sample evolution only along most PERPs. The performance of the Boltzmann code is illustrated in the examples of X-ray-heated solid carbon and gold. Actual model limitations and further model developments are discussed. This article is part of the theme issue 'Dynamic and transient processes in warm dense matter'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Ziaja
- Center for Free-Electron Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Krakow, Poland
| | - John Jasper Bekx
- Center for Free-Electron Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Masek
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 2,182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Nikita Medvedev
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 2,182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Za Slovankou 3, 182 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Lipp
- Center for Free-Electron Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Krakow, Poland
| | - Vikrant Saxena
- Center for Free-Electron Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi,New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Michal Stransky
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 2,182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
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4
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Jin R, Jurek Z, Santra R, Son SK. Plasma environmental effects in the atomic structure for simulating x-ray free-electron-laser-heated solid-density matter. Phys Rev E 2022; 106:015206. [PMID: 35974549 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.106.015206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
High energy density (HED) matter exists extensively in the Universe, and it can be created with extreme conditions in laboratory facilities such as x-ray free-electron lasers (XFEL). In HED matter, the electronic structure of individual atomic ions is influenced by a dense plasma environment, and one of the most significant phenomena is the ionization potential depression (IPD). Incorporation of the IPD effects is of great importance in accurate modeling of dense plasmas. All theoretical treatments of IPD so far have been based on the assumption of local thermodynamic equilibrium, but its validity is questionable in ultrafast formation dynamics of dense plasmas, particularly when interacting with intense XFEL pulses. A treatment of transient IPD, based on an electronic-structure calculation of an atom in the presence of a plasma environment described by classical particles, has recently been proposed [Phys. Rev. E 103, 023203 (2021)2470-004510.1103/PhysRevE.103.023203], but its application to and impact on plasma dynamics simulations have not been investigated yet. In this work, we extend XMDYN, a hybrid quantum-classical approach combining Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics, by incorporating the proposed IPD treatment into plasma dynamics simulations. We demonstrate the importance of the IPD effects in theoretical modeling of aluminum dense plasmas by comparing two XMDYN simulations: one with electronic-structure calculations of isolated atoms (without IPD) and the other with those of atoms embedded in a plasma (with IPD). At equilibrium, the mean charge obtained in the plasma simulation with IPD is in good agreement with the full quantum-mechanical average-atom model. The present approach promises to be a reliable tool to simulate the creation and nonequilibrium evolution of dense plasmas induced by ultraintense and ultrashort XFEL pulses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Jin
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Zoltan Jurek
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Robin Santra
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Notkestrasse 9-11, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sang-Kil Son
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
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5
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Stransky M, Jurek Z, Santra R, Mancuso AP, Ziaja B. Tree-Code Based Improvement of Computational Performance of the X-ray-Matter-Interaction Simulation Tool XMDYN. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134206. [PMID: 35807452 PMCID: PMC9267930 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we report on incorporating for the first time tree-algorithm based solvers into the molecular dynamics code, XMDYN. XMDYN was developed to describe the interaction of ultrafast X-ray pulses with atomic assemblies. It is also a part of the simulation platform, SIMEX, developed for computational single-particle imaging studies at the SPB/SFX instrument of the European XFEL facility. In order to improve the XMDYN performance, we incorporated the existing tree-algorithm based Coulomb solver, PEPC, into the code, and developed a dedicated tree-algorithm based secondary ionization solver, now also included in the XMDYN code. These extensions enable computationally efficient simulations of X-ray irradiated large atomic assemblies, e.g., large protein systems or viruses that are of strong interest for ultrafast X-ray science. The XMDYN-based preparatory simulations can now guide future single-particle-imaging experiments at the free-electron-laser facility, EuXFEL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Stransky
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany;
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Kraków, Poland;
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (Z.J.)
| | - Zoltan Jurek
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany;
- The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (Z.J.)
| | - Robin Santra
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany;
- The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Notkestr. 9-11, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Adrian P. Mancuso
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany;
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia
| | - Beata Ziaja
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Kraków, Poland;
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany;
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6
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Density functional tight binding approach utilized to study X-ray-induced transitions in solid materials. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1551. [PMID: 35091574 PMCID: PMC8799736 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-04775-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Intense X-ray pulses from free-electron lasers can trigger ultrafast electronic, structural and magnetic transitions in solid materials, within a material volume which can be precisely shaped through adjustment of X-ray beam parameters. This opens unique prospects for material processing with X rays. However, any fundamental and applicational studies are in need of computational tools, able to predict material response to X-ray radiation. Here we present a dedicated computational approach developed to study X-ray induced transitions in a broad range of solid materials, including those of high chemical complexity. The latter becomes possible due to the implementation of the versatile density functional tight binding code DFTB+ to follow band structure evolution in irradiated materials. The outstanding performance of the implementation is demonstrated with a comparative study of XUV induced graphitization in diamond.
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7
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Effects of radiation damage and inelastic scattering on single-particle imaging of hydrated proteins with an X-ray Free-Electron Laser. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17976. [PMID: 34504156 PMCID: PMC8429720 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97142-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a computational case study of X-ray single-particle imaging of hydrated proteins on an example of 2-Nitrogenase-Iron protein covered with water layers of various thickness, using a start-to-end simulation platform and experimental parameters of the SPB/SFX instrument at the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser facility. The simulations identify an optimal thickness of the water layer at which the effective resolution for imaging the hydrated sample becomes significantly higher than for the non-hydrated sample. This effect is lost when the water layer becomes too thick. Even though the detailed results presented pertain to the specific sample studied, the trends which we identify should also hold in a general case. We expect these findings will guide future single-particle imaging experiments using hydrated proteins.
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8
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Jin R, Abdullah MM, Jurek Z, Santra R, Son SK. Transient ionization potential depression in nonthermal dense plasmas at high x-ray intensity. Phys Rev E 2021; 103:023203. [PMID: 33735970 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.103.023203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The advent of x-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs), which provide intense ultrashort x-ray pulses, has brought a new way of creating and analyzing hot and warm dense plasmas in the laboratory. Because of the ultrashort pulse duration, the XFEL-produced plasma will be out of equilibrium at the beginning, and even the electronic subsystem may not reach thermal equilibrium while interacting with a femtosecond timescale pulse. In the dense plasma, the ionization potential depression (IPD) induced by the plasma environment plays a crucial role for understanding and modeling microscopic dynamical processes. However, all theoretical approaches for IPD have been based on local thermal equilibrium (LTE), and it has been controversial to use LTE IPD models for the nonthermal situation. In this work, we propose a non-LTE (NLTE) approach to calculate the IPD effect by combining a quantum-mechanical electronic-structure calculation and a classical molecular dynamics simulation. This hybrid approach enables us to investigate the time evolution of ionization potentials and IPDs during and after the interaction with XFEL pulses, without the limitation of the LTE assumption. In our NLTE approach, the transient IPD values are presented as distributions evolving with time, which cannot be captured by conventional LTE-based models. The time-integrated ionization potential values are in good agreement with benchmark experimental data on solid-density aluminum plasma and other theoretical predictions based on LTE. The present work is promising to provide critical insights into nonequilibrium dynamics of dense plasma formation and thermalization induced by XFEL pulses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Jin
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
| | | | - Zoltan Jurek
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.,The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Robin Santra
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.,The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Jungiusstrasse 9, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sang-Kil Son
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.,The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
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9
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Nass K, Gorel A, Abdullah MM, V Martin A, Kloos M, Marinelli A, Aquila A, Barends TRM, Decker FJ, Bruce Doak R, Foucar L, Hartmann E, Hilpert M, Hunter MS, Jurek Z, Koglin JE, Kozlov A, Lutman AA, Kovacs GN, Roome CM, Shoeman RL, Santra R, Quiney HM, Ziaja B, Boutet S, Schlichting I. Structural dynamics in proteins induced by and probed with X-ray free-electron laser pulses. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1814. [PMID: 32286284 PMCID: PMC7156470 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15610-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) enable crystallographic structure determination beyond the limitations imposed upon synchrotron measurements by radiation damage. The need for very short XFEL pulses is relieved through gating of Bragg diffraction by loss of crystalline order as damage progresses, but not if ionization events are spatially non-uniform due to underlying elemental distributions, as in biological samples. Indeed, correlated movements of iron and sulfur ions were observed in XFEL-irradiated ferredoxin microcrystals using unusually long pulses of 80 fs. Here, we report a femtosecond time-resolved X-ray pump/X-ray probe experiment on protein nanocrystals. We observe changes in the protein backbone and aromatic residues as well as disulfide bridges. Simulations show that the latter’s correlated structural dynamics are much slower than expected for the predicted high atomic charge states due to significant impact of ion caging and plasma electron screening. This indicates that dense-environment effects can strongly affect local radiation damage-induced structural dynamics. The local X-ray-induced dynamics that occur in protein crystals during serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) measurements at XFELs are not well understood. Here the authors performed a time-resolved X-ray pump X-ray probe SFX experiment, and they observe distinct structural changes in the disulfide bridges and peptide backbone of proteins; complementing theoretical approaches allow them to further characterize the details of the X-ray induced ionization and local structural dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karol Nass
- Max-Planck-Institut für Medizinische Forschung, Jahnstraße 29, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Gorel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Medizinische Forschung, Jahnstraße 29, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Malik M Abdullah
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany.,The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrew V Martin
- School of Science, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Marco Kloos
- Max-Planck-Institut für Medizinische Forschung, Jahnstraße 29, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Andrew Aquila
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Thomas R M Barends
- Max-Planck-Institut für Medizinische Forschung, Jahnstraße 29, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - R Bruce Doak
- Max-Planck-Institut für Medizinische Forschung, Jahnstraße 29, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lutz Foucar
- Max-Planck-Institut für Medizinische Forschung, Jahnstraße 29, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Hartmann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Medizinische Forschung, Jahnstraße 29, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mario Hilpert
- Max-Planck-Institut für Medizinische Forschung, Jahnstraße 29, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mark S Hunter
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Zoltan Jurek
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany.,The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jason E Koglin
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Alexander Kozlov
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Advanced Molecular Imaging, School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Alberto A Lutman
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Gabriela Nass Kovacs
- Max-Planck-Institut für Medizinische Forschung, Jahnstraße 29, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christopher M Roome
- Max-Planck-Institut für Medizinische Forschung, Jahnstraße 29, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robert L Shoeman
- Max-Planck-Institut für Medizinische Forschung, Jahnstraße 29, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robin Santra
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany.,The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Jungiusstrasse 9, 20355, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Harry M Quiney
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Advanced Molecular Imaging, School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.
| | - Beata Ziaja
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany. .,The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany. .,Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Sébastien Boutet
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Ilme Schlichting
- Max-Planck-Institut für Medizinische Forschung, Jahnstraße 29, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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10
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You D, Fukuzawa H, Luo Y, Saito S, Berholts M, Gaumnitz T, Huttula M, Johnsson P, Kishimoto N, Myllynen H, Nemer A, Niozu A, Patanen M, Pelimanni E, Takanashi T, Wada SI, Yokono N, Owada S, Tono K, Yabashi M, Nagaya K, Kukk E, Ueda K. Multi-particle momentum correlations extracted using covariance methods on multiple-ionization of diiodomethane molecules by soft-X-ray free-electron laser pulses. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:2648-2659. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03638e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Correlations between the ion momenta are extracted by covariance methods formulated for the use in multiparticle momentum-resolved ion time-of-flight spectroscopy.
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11
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Niozu A, Yokono N, Nishiyama T, Fukuzawa H, Sakurazawa T, Matsuda K, Takanashi T, You D, Li Y, Ono T, Gaumnitz T, Schöffler M, Grundmann S, Wada SI, Carpeggiani P, Xu WQ, Liu XJ, Owada S, Tono K, Togashi T, Yabashi M, Kryzhevoi NV, Gokhberg K, Kuleff AI, Cederbaum LS, Ueda K, Nagaya K. Electron spectroscopic study of nanoplasma formation triggered by intense soft x-ray pulses. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:184305. [PMID: 31731862 DOI: 10.1063/1.5115053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Using electron spectroscopy, we investigated the nanoplasma formation process generated in xenon clusters by intense soft x-ray free electron laser (FEL) pulses. We found clear FEL intensity dependence of electron spectra. Multistep ionization and subsequent ionization frustration features are evident for the low FEL-intensity region, and the thermal electron emission emerges at the high FEL intensity. The present FEL intensity dependence of the electron spectra is well addressed by the frustration parameter introduced by Arbeiter and Fennel [New J. Phys. 13, 053022 (2011)].
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinobu Niozu
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Naomichi Yokono
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Tsukasa Takanashi
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Daehyun You
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Yiwen Li
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Taishi Ono
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Thomas Gaumnitz
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Markus Schöffler
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sven Grundmann
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Shin-Ichi Wada
- Department of Physical Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Paolo Carpeggiani
- Technische Universität Wien, Institut für Photonik, Gußhausstraße 27-29, A-1040 Wien, Austria
| | - Wei Qing Xu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Jing Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Kensuke Tono
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | | | | | - Nikolai V Kryzhevoi
- Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kirill Gokhberg
- Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander I Kuleff
- Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lorenz S Cederbaum
- Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kiyoshi Ueda
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Kiyonobu Nagaya
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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12
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Abdullah MM, Jurek Z, Son SK, Santra R. Ultrafast x-ray-driven phenomena in nanocrystals: development and application of powerful simulation tools. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201920505022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate the radiation damage dynamics of nanocrystals at high x-ray intensity, by using time-resolved scattering patterns. We present dynamics simulations for biologically relevant molecules using XMDYN extended to nanocrystals and scattering simulation with XSINC.
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13
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Abdullah MM, Son SK, Jurek Z, Santra R. Towards the theoretical limitations of X-ray nanocrystallography at high intensity: the validity of the effective-form-factor description. IUCRJ 2018; 5:699-705. [PMID: 30443354 PMCID: PMC6211521 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252518011442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) broaden horizons in X-ray crystallography. Facilitated by the unprecedented high intensity and ultrashort duration of the XFEL pulses, they enable us to investigate the structure and dynamics of macromolecules with nano-sized crystals. A limitation is the extent of radiation damage in the nanocrystal target. A large degree of ionization initiated by the incident high-intensity XFEL pulse alters the scattering properties of the atoms leading to perturbed measured patterns. In this article, the effective-form-factor approximation applied to capture this phenomenon is discussed. Additionally, the importance of temporal configurational fluctuations at high intensities, shaping these quantities besides the average electron loss, is shown. An analysis regarding the applicability of the approach to targets consisting of several atomic species is made, both theoretically and via realistic radiation-damage simulations. It is concluded that, up to intensities relevant for XFEL-based nanocrystallography, the effective-form-factor description is sufficiently accurate. This work justifies treating measured scattering patterns using conventional structure-reconstruction algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malik Muhammad Abdullah
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstrasse 9, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sang-Kil Son
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Zoltan Jurek
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Robin Santra
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstrasse 9, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
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14
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Kumagai Y, Jurek Z, Xu W, Fukuzawa H, Motomura K, Iablonskyi D, Nagaya K, Wada SI, Mondal S, Tachibana T, Ito Y, Sakai T, Matsunami K, Nishiyama T, Umemoto T, Nicolas C, Miron C, Togashi T, Ogawa K, Owada S, Tono K, Yabashi M, Son SK, Ziaja B, Santra R, Ueda K. Radiation-Induced Chemical Dynamics in Ar Clusters Exposed to Strong X-Ray Pulses. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:223201. [PMID: 29906148 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.223201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We show that electron and ion spectroscopy reveals the details of the oligomer formation in Ar clusters exposed to an x-ray free electron laser (XFEL) pulse, i.e., chemical dynamics triggered by x rays. With guidance from a dedicated molecular dynamics simulation tool, we find that van der Waals bonding, the oligomer formation mechanism, and charge transfer among the cluster constituents significantly affect ionization dynamics induced by an XFEL pulse of moderate fluence. Our results clearly demonstrate that XFEL pulses can be used not only to "damage and destroy" molecular assemblies but also to modify and transform their molecular structure. The accuracy of the predictions obtained makes it possible to apply the cluster spectroscopy, in connection with the respective simulations, for estimation of the XFEL pulse fluence in the fluence regime below single-atom multiple-photon absorption, which is hardly accessible with other diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Kumagai
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Zoltan Jurek
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22671 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Weiqing Xu
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Hironobu Fukuzawa
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Koji Motomura
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Denys Iablonskyi
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Kiyonobu Nagaya
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Wada
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
- Department of Physical Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Subhendu Mondal
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tachibana
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Yuta Ito
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Sakai
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Kenji Matsunami
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | | | - Takayuki Umemoto
- Department of Physical Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Christophe Nicolas
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, FR-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Catalin Miron
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, FR-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
- Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physiscs (ELI-NP), "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului Street, RO-077125 Mǎgurele, Jud. Ilfov, Romania
- LIDYL, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Tadashi Togashi
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Kanade Ogawa
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | | | - Kensuke Tono
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | | | - Sang-Kil Son
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22671 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Beata Ziaja
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22671 Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, PAS, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342, Krakow, Poland
| | - Robin Santra
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22671 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstrasse 9, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kiyoshi Ueda
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
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15
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Osipov T, Bostedt C, Castagna JC, Ferguson KR, Bucher M, Montero SC, Swiggers ML, Obaid R, Rolles D, Rudenko A, Bozek JD, Berrah N. The LAMP instrument at the Linac Coherent Light Source free-electron laser. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2018; 89:035112. [PMID: 29604777 DOI: 10.1063/1.5017727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The Laser Applications in Materials Processing (LAMP) instrument is a new end-station for soft X-ray imaging, high-field physics, and ultrafast X-ray science experiments that is available to users at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) free-electron laser. While the instrument resides in the Atomic, Molecular and Optical science hutch, its components can be used at any LCLS beamline. The end-station has a modular design that provides high flexibility in order to meet user-defined experimental requirements and specifications. The ultra-high-vacuum environment supports different sample delivery systems, including pulsed and continuous atomic, molecular, and cluster jets; liquid and aerosols jets; and effusive metal vapor beams. It also houses movable, large-format, high-speed pnCCD X-ray detectors for detecting scattered and fluorescent photons. Multiple charged-particle spectrometer options are compatible with the LAMP chamber, including a double-sided spectrometer for simultaneous and even coincident measurements of electrons, ions, and photons produced by the interaction of the high-intensity X-ray beam with the various samples. Here we describe the design and capabilities of the spectrometers along with some general aspects of the LAMP chamber and show some results from the initial instrument commissioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timur Osipov
- Physics Department, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008, USA
| | - Christoph Bostedt
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - J-C Castagna
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Ken R Ferguson
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Maximilian Bucher
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Sebastian C Montero
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Michele L Swiggers
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Razib Obaid
- Physics Department, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - Daniel Rolles
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Artem Rudenko
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - John D Bozek
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Nora Berrah
- Physics Department, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
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16
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Céolin D, Kryzhevoi NV, Nicolas C, Pokapanich W, Choksakulporn S, Songsiriritthigul P, Saisopa T, Rattanachai Y, Utsumi Y, Palaudoux J, Öhrwall G, Rueff JP. Ultrafast Charge Transfer Processes Accompanying KLL Auger Decay in Aqueous KCl Solution. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:263003. [PMID: 29328710 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.263003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
X-ray photoelectron and KLL Auger spectra were measured for the K^{+} and Cl^{-} ions in aqueous KCl solution. While the XPS spectra of these ions have similar structures, both exhibiting only weak satellites near the main line, the Auger spectra differ dramatically. Contrary to the chloride case, a very strong extra peak was found in the Auger spectrum of K^{+} at the low kinetic energy side of the ^{1}D state. Using the equivalent core model and ab initio calculations this spectral feature was assigned to electron transfer processes from solvent water molecules to the solvated cation. The observed charge transfer processes are suggested to play an important role in charge redistribution following single and multiple core-hole creation in atoms and molecules placed into environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Céolin
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, l'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - N V Kryzhevoi
- Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ch Nicolas
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, l'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - W Pokapanich
- Faculty of Science, Nakhon Phanom University, Nakhon Phanom 48000 Thailand
| | - S Choksakulporn
- Faculty of Science, Nakhon Phanom University, Nakhon Phanom 48000 Thailand
| | - P Songsiriritthigul
- NANOTEC-SUT Center of Excellence on Advanced Functional Nanomaterials and School of Physics, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - T Saisopa
- NANOTEC-SUT Center of Excellence on Advanced Functional Nanomaterials and School of Physics, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Y Rattanachai
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Liberal Arts, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Y Utsumi
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, l'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - J Palaudoux
- CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - G Öhrwall
- MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - J-P Rueff
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, l'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
- CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
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17
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Seddon EA, Clarke JA, Dunning DJ, Masciovecchio C, Milne CJ, Parmigiani F, Rugg D, Spence JCH, Thompson NR, Ueda K, Vinko SM, Wark JS, Wurth W. Short-wavelength free-electron laser sources and science: a review. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2017; 80:115901. [PMID: 29059048 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/aa7cca] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
This review is focused on free-electron lasers (FELs) in the hard to soft x-ray regime. The aim is to provide newcomers to the area with insights into: the basic physics of FELs, the qualities of the radiation they produce, the challenges of transmitting that radiation to end users and the diversity of current scientific applications. Initial consideration is given to FEL theory in order to provide the foundation for discussion of FEL output properties and the technical challenges of short-wavelength FELs. This is followed by an overview of existing x-ray FEL facilities, future facilities and FEL frontiers. To provide a context for information in the above sections, a detailed comparison of the photon pulse characteristics of FEL sources with those of other sources of high brightness x-rays is made. A brief summary of FEL beamline design and photon diagnostics then precedes an overview of FEL scientific applications. Recent highlights are covered in sections on structural biology, atomic and molecular physics, photochemistry, non-linear spectroscopy, shock physics, solid density plasmas. A short industrial perspective is also included to emphasise potential in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Seddon
- ASTeC, STFC Daresbury Laboratory, Sci-Tech Daresbury, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury, Cheshire, WA4 4AD, United Kingdom. The School of Physics and Astronomy and Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom. The Cockcroft Institute, Sci-Tech Daresbury, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury, Cheshire, WA4 4AD, United Kingdom
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18
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Fortmann-Grote C, Buzmakov A, Jurek Z, Loh NTD, Samoylova L, Santra R, Schneidmiller EA, Tschentscher T, Yakubov S, Yoon CH, Yurkov MV, Ziaja-Motyka B, Mancuso AP. Start-to-end simulation of single-particle imaging using ultra-short pulses at the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser. IUCRJ 2017; 4:560-568. [PMID: 28989713 PMCID: PMC5619849 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252517009496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Single-particle imaging with X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) has the potential to provide structural information at atomic resolution for non-crystalline biomolecules. This potential exists because ultra-short intense pulses can produce interpretable diffraction data notwithstanding radiation damage. This paper explores the impact of pulse duration on the interpretability of diffraction data using comprehensive and realistic simulations of an imaging experiment at the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser. It is found that the optimal pulse duration for molecules with a few thousand atoms at 5 keV lies between 3 and 9 fs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexey Buzmakov
- FSRC ‘Crystallography and Photonics’, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Zoltan Jurek
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ne-Te Duane Loh
- Centre for Bio-Imaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Robin Santra
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstrasse 9, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Chun Hong Yoon
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park CA 94025, USA
| | | | - Beata Ziaja-Motyka
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Krakow, Poland
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19
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Abdullah MM, Jurek Z, Son SK, Santra R. Molecular-dynamics approach for studying the nonequilibrium behavior of x-ray-heated solid-density matter. Phys Rev E 2017; 96:023205. [PMID: 28950476 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.96.023205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
When matter is exposed to a high-intensity x-ray free-electron-laser pulse, the x rays excite inner-shell electrons leading to the ionization of the electrons through various atomic processes and creating high-energy-density plasma, i.e., warm or hot dense matter. The resulting system consists of atoms in various electronic configurations, thermalizing on subpicosecond to picosecond timescales after photoexcitation. We present a simulation study of x-ray-heated solid-density matter. For this we use XMDYN, a Monte Carlo molecular-dynamics-based code with periodic boundary conditions, which allows one to investigate nonequilibrium dynamics. XMDYN is capable of treating systems containing light and heavy atomic species with full electronic configuration space and three-dimensional spatial inhomogeneity. For the validation of our approach we compare for a model system the electron temperatures and the ion charge-state distribution from XMDYN to results for the thermalized system based on the average-atom model implemented in XATOM, an ab initio x-ray atomic physics toolkit extended to include a plasma environment. Further, we also compare the average charge evolution of diamond with the predictions of a Boltzmann continuum approach. We demonstrate that XMDYN results are in good quantitative agreement with the above-mentioned approaches, suggesting that the current implementation of XMDYN is a viable approach to simulate the dynamics of x-ray-driven nonequilibrium dynamics in solids. To illustrate the potential of XMDYN for treating complex systems, we present calculations on the triiodo benzene derivative 5-amino-2,4,6-triiodoisophthalic acid (I3C), a compound of relevance of biomolecular imaging, consisting of heavy and light atomic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malik Muhammad Abdullah
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstrasse 9, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Zoltan Jurek
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sang-Kil Son
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Robin Santra
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstrasse 9, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
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20
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Takanashi T, Nakamura K, Kukk E, Motomura K, Fukuzawa H, Nagaya K, Wada SI, Kumagai Y, Iablonskyi D, Ito Y, Sakakibara Y, You D, Nishiyama T, Asa K, Sato Y, Umemoto T, Kariyazono K, Ochiai K, Kanno M, Yamazaki K, Kooser K, Nicolas C, Miron C, Asavei T, Neagu L, Schöffler M, Kastirke G, Liu XJ, Rudenko A, Owada S, Katayama T, Togashi T, Tono K, Yabashi M, Kono H, Ueda K. Ultrafast Coulomb explosion of a diiodomethane molecule induced by an X-ray free-electron laser pulse. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:19707-19721. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp01669g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Coulomb explosion mechanism of a CH2I2 molecule is rather different to that of CH3I. The kinetic energy of iodine ions is ∼3 times larger due to Coulomb repulsion of the two iodine ions, while that of carbon ions is almost the same for both, as indicated by the red arrows that represent kinetic energies of the atomic ions.
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21
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Schütte B, Ye P, Patchkovskii S, Austin DR, Brahms C, Strüber C, Witting T, Ivanov MY, Tisch JWG, Marangos JP. Strong-field ionization of clusters using two-cycle pulses at 1.8 μm. Sci Rep 2016; 6:39664. [PMID: 28009012 PMCID: PMC5180105 DOI: 10.1038/srep39664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction of intense laser pulses with nanoscale particles leads to the production of high-energy electrons, ions, neutral atoms, neutrons and photons. Up to now, investigations have focused on near-infrared to X-ray laser pulses consisting of many optical cycles. Here we study strong-field ionization of rare-gas clusters (103 to 105 atoms) using two-cycle 1.8 μm laser pulses to access a new interaction regime in the limit where the electron dynamics are dominated by the laser field and the cluster atoms do not have time to move significantly. The emission of fast electrons with kinetic energies exceeding 3 keV is observed using laser pulses with a wavelength of 1.8 μm and an intensity of 1 × 1015 W/cm2, whereas only electrons below 500 eV are observed at 800 nm using a similar intensity and pulse duration. Fast electrons are preferentially emitted along the laser polarization direction, showing that they are driven out from the cluster by the laser field. In addition to direct electron emission, an electron rescattering plateau is observed. Scaling to even longer wavelengths is expected to result in a highly directional current of energetic electrons on a few-femtosecond timescale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Schütte
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Peng Ye
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | | | - Dane R. Austin
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Christian Brahms
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Christian Strüber
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Tobias Witting
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Misha Yu. Ivanov
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- Max-Born-Institut, Max-Born-Strasse 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - John W. G. Tisch
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Jon P. Marangos
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
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22
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Rupp D, Flückiger L, Adolph M, Gorkhover T, Krikunova M, Müller JP, Müller M, Oelze T, Ovcharenko Y, Röben B, Sauppe M, Schorb S, Wolter D, Mitzner R, Wöstmann M, Roling S, Harmand M, Treusch R, Arbeiter M, Fennel T, Bostedt C, Möller T. Recombination-Enhanced Surface Expansion of Clusters in Intense Soft X-Ray Laser Pulses. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:153401. [PMID: 27768378 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.153401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We studied the nanoplasma formation and explosion dynamics of single large xenon clusters in ultrashort, intense x-ray free-electron laser pulses via ion spectroscopy. The simultaneous measurement of single-shot diffraction images enabled a single-cluster analysis that is free from any averaging over the cluster size and laser intensity distributions. The measured charge state-resolved ion energy spectra show narrow distributions with peak positions that scale linearly with final ion charge state. These two distinct signatures are attributed to highly efficient recombination that eventually leads to the dominant formation of neutral atoms in the cluster. The measured mean ion energies exceed the value expected without recombination by more than an order of magnitude, indicating that the energy release resulting from electron-ion recombination constitutes a previously unnoticed nanoplasma heating process. This conclusion is supported by results from semiclassical molecular dynamics simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Rupp
- IOAP, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Leonie Flückiger
- IOAP, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Advanced Molecular Imaging, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Marcus Adolph
- IOAP, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tais Gorkhover
- IOAP, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
- LCLS, SLAC, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Maria Krikunova
- IOAP, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Philippe Müller
- IOAP, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Müller
- IOAP, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tim Oelze
- IOAP, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Yevheniy Ovcharenko
- IOAP, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Benjamin Röben
- IOAP, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mario Sauppe
- IOAP, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schorb
- IOAP, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
- LCLS, SLAC, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - David Wolter
- IOAP, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Rolf Mitzner
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Wöstmann
- Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Sebastian Roling
- Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | | | - Rolf Treusch
- FLASH, DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22603 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mathias Arbeiter
- Institut für Physik, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 23, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Thomas Fennel
- Institut für Physik, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 23, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Christoph Bostedt
- LCLS, SLAC, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Thomas Möller
- IOAP, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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23
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Abdullah MM, Jurek Z, Son SK, Santra R. Calculation of x-ray scattering patterns from nanocrystals at high x-ray intensity. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2016; 3:054101. [PMID: 27478859 PMCID: PMC4947047 DOI: 10.1063/1.4958887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We present a generalized method to describe the x-ray scattering intensity of the Bragg spots in a diffraction pattern from nanocrystals exposed to intense x-ray pulses. Our method involves the subdivision of a crystal into smaller units. In order to calculate the dynamics within every unit, we employ a Monte-Carlo-molecular dynamics-ab-initio hybrid framework using real space periodic boundary conditions. By combining all the units, we simulate the diffraction pattern of a crystal larger than the transverse x-ray beam profile, a situation commonly encountered in femtosecond nanocrystallography experiments with focused x-ray free-electron laser radiation. Radiation damage is not spatially uniform and depends on the fluence associated with each specific region inside the crystal. To investigate the effects of uniform and non-uniform fluence distribution, we have used two different spatial beam profiles, Gaussian and flattop.
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24
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Ziaja B, Saxena V, Son SK, Medvedev N, Barbrel B, Woloncewicz B, Stransky M. Kinetic Boltzmann approach adapted for modeling highly ionized matter created by x-ray irradiation of a solid. Phys Rev E 2016; 93:053210. [PMID: 27300998 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.93.053210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We report on the kinetic Boltzmann approach adapted for simulations of highly ionized matter created from a solid by its x-ray irradiation. X rays can excite inner-shell electrons, which leads to the creation of deeply lying core holes. Their relaxation, especially in heavier elements, can take complicated paths, leading to a large number of active configurations. Their number can be so large that solving the set of respective evolution equations becomes computationally inefficient and another modeling approach should be used instead. To circumvent this complexity, the commonly used continuum models employ a superconfiguration scheme. Here, we propose an alternative approach which still uses "true" atomic configurations but limits their number by restricting the sample relaxation to the predominant relaxation paths. We test its reliability, performing respective calculations for a bulk material consisting of light atoms and comparing the results with a full calculation including all relaxation paths. Prospective application for heavy elements is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Ziaja
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.,Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Kraków, Poland
| | - Vikrant Saxena
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sang-Kil Son
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nikita Medvedev
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Barbrel
- Center for Intense Lasers and Applications (CELIA), University of Bordeaux 1, 351 Cours de la Liberation, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - Bianca Woloncewicz
- Institute of Experimental Physics, University of Gdansk, ulica Wita Stwosza 57, 80-952 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Michal Stransky
- Department of Radiation and Chemical Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague, Czech Republic
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25
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Yoon CH, Yurkov MV, Schneidmiller EA, Samoylova L, Buzmakov A, Jurek Z, Ziaja B, Santra R, Loh ND, Tschentscher T, Mancuso AP. A comprehensive simulation framework for imaging single particles and biomolecules at the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24791. [PMID: 27109208 PMCID: PMC4842992 DOI: 10.1038/srep24791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The advent of newer, brighter, and more coherent X-ray sources, such as X-ray Free-Electron Lasers (XFELs), represents a tremendous growth in the potential to apply coherent X-rays to determine the structure of materials from the micron-scale down to the Angstrom-scale. There is a significant need for a multi-physics simulation framework to perform source-to-detector simulations for a single particle imaging experiment, including (i) the multidimensional simulation of the X-ray source; (ii) simulation of the wave-optics propagation of the coherent XFEL beams; (iii) atomistic modelling of photon-material interactions; (iv) simulation of the time-dependent diffraction process, including incoherent scattering; (v) assembling noisy and incomplete diffraction intensities into a three-dimensional data set using the Expansion-Maximisation-Compression (EMC) algorithm and (vi) phase retrieval to obtain structural information. We demonstrate the framework by simulating a single-particle experiment for a nitrogenase iron protein using parameters of the SPB/SFX instrument of the European XFEL. This exercise demonstrably yields interpretable consequences for structure determination that are crucial yet currently unavailable for experiment design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Hong Yoon
- European XFEL GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Ring 19, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.,Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Liubov Samoylova
- European XFEL GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Ring 19, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexey Buzmakov
- Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119333, Russia
| | - Zoltan Jurek
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.,The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Beata Ziaja
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.,The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.,Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Krakow, Poland
| | - Robin Santra
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.,The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstrasse 9, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - N Duane Loh
- Centre for Bio-Imaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Adrian P Mancuso
- European XFEL GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Ring 19, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
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26
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Jurek Z, Son SK, Ziaja B, Santra R. XMDYNandXATOM: versatile simulation tools for quantitative modeling of X-ray free-electron laser induced dynamics of matter. J Appl Crystallogr 2016. [DOI: 10.1107/s1600576716006014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid development of X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) science has taken place in recent years owing to the consecutive launch of large-scale XFEL instruments around the world. Research areas such as warm dense matter physics and coherent X-ray imaging take advantage of the unprecedentedly high intensities of XFELs. A single XFEL pulse can induce very complex dynamics within matter initiated by core-hole photoionization. Owing to this complexity, theoretical modeling revealing details of the excitation and relaxation of irradiated matter is important for the correct interpretation of the measurements and for proposing new experiments.XMDYNis a computer simulation tool developed for modeling dynamics of matter induced by high-intensity X-rays. It utilizes atomic data calculated by theab initio XATOMtoolkit. Here these tools are discussed in detail.
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