1
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Emelianov AV, Pettersson M, Bobrinetskiy II. Ultrafast Laser Processing of 2D Materials: Novel Routes to Advanced Devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2402907. [PMID: 38757602 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202402907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Ultrafast laser processing has emerged as a versatile technique for modifying materials and introducing novel functionalities. Over the past decade, this method has demonstrated remarkable advantages in the manipulation of 2D layered materials, including synthesis, structuring, functionalization, and local patterning. Unlike continuous-wave and long-pulsed optical methods, ultrafast lasers offer a solution for thermal heating issues. Nonlinear interactions between ultrafast laser pulses and the atomic lattice of 2D materials substantially influence their chemical and physical properties. This paper highlights the transformative role of ultrafast laser pulses in maskless green technology, enabling subtractive, and additive processes that unveil ways for advanced devices. Utilizing the synergetic effect between the energy states within the atomic layers and ultrafast laser irradiation, it is feasible to achieve unprecedented resolutions down to several nanometers. Recent advancements are discussed in functionalization, doping, atomic reconstruction, phase transformation, and 2D and 3D micro- and nanopatterning. A forward-looking perspective on a wide array of applications of 2D materials, along with device fabrication featuring novel physical and chemical properties through direct ultrafast laser writing, is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksei V Emelianov
- Nanoscience Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, FI-40014, Finland
| | - Mika Pettersson
- Nanoscience Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, FI-40014, Finland
| | - Ivan I Bobrinetskiy
- BioSense Institute - Research and Development Institute for Information Technologies in Biosystems, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
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2
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Kim D, Pandey J, Jeong J, Cho W, Lee S, Cho S, Yang H. Phase Engineering of 2D Materials. Chem Rev 2023; 123:11230-11268. [PMID: 37589590 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Polymorphic 2D materials allow structural and electronic phase engineering, which can be used to realize energy-efficient, cost-effective, and scalable device applications. The phase engineering covers not only conventional structural and metal-insulator transitions but also magnetic states, strongly correlated band structures, and topological phases in rich 2D materials. The methods used for the local phase engineering of 2D materials include various optical, geometrical, and chemical processes as well as traditional thermodynamic approaches. In this Review, we survey the precise manipulation of local phases and phase patterning of 2D materials, particularly with ideal and versatile phase interfaces for electronic and energy device applications. Polymorphic 2D materials and diverse quantum materials with their layered, vertical, and lateral geometries are discussed with an emphasis on the role and use of their phase interfaces. Various phase interfaces have demonstrated superior and unique performance in electronic and energy devices. The phase patterning leads to novel homo- and heterojunction structures of 2D materials with low-dimensional phase boundaries, which highlights their potential for technological breakthroughs in future electronic, quantum, and energy devices. Accordingly, we encourage researchers to investigate and exploit phase patterning in emerging 2D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dohyun Kim
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Juhi Pandey
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Juyeong Jeong
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Woohyun Cho
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Seungyeon Lee
- Division of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Suyeon Cho
- Division of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Heejun Yang
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
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3
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Zheng L, Feng R, Shi H, Li X. Tunable Broadband Terahertz Metamaterial Absorber Based on Vanadium Dioxide and Graphene. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1715. [PMID: 37763877 PMCID: PMC10537236 DOI: 10.3390/mi14091715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
We propose a dynamically tunable ultra-broadband terahertz metamaterial absorber, which was based on graphene and vanadium oxide (VO2) and numerically demonstrated. The excellent absorption bandwidth almost entirely greater than 90% was as wide as 6.35 THz from 2.30 to 8.65 THz under normal incidence. By changing the conductivity of VO2 from 20 S/m to 3 × 105 S/m, the absorption intensity could be dynamically tuned from 6% to 99%. The physical mechanism of the ultra-wideband absorption is discussed based on the interference cancelation, impedance matching theory, and field distributions, and the influences of the structural parameters on absorption are also discussed. According to the symmetric configuration, the absorption spectra of the considered polarizations were very close to each other, resulting in a polarization-insensitive structure. Such a tunable ultra-broadband absorber may have promising potential in the applications of modulating, cloaking, switching, and imaging technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laifang Zheng
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan 030008, China;
- China Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano Devices and Systems, Ministry of Education, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (H.S.); (X.L.)
| | - Rui Feng
- China Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano Devices and Systems, Ministry of Education, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (H.S.); (X.L.)
| | - Huanting Shi
- China Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano Devices and Systems, Ministry of Education, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (H.S.); (X.L.)
| | - Xuanjing Li
- China Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano Devices and Systems, Ministry of Education, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (H.S.); (X.L.)
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4
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Ahn E, Kim B, Park S, Erwin AL, Sung SH, Hovden R, Mosalaganti S, Cho US. Batch Production of High-Quality Graphene Grids for Cryo-EM: Cryo-EM Structure of Methylococcus capsulatus Soluble Methane Monooxygenase Hydroxylase. ACS NANO 2023; 17:6011-6022. [PMID: 36926824 PMCID: PMC10062032 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c00463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has become a widely used tool for determining the protein structure. Despite recent technical advances, sample preparation remains a major bottleneck for several reasons, including protein denaturation at the air-water interface, the presence of preferred orientations, nonuniform ice layers, etc. Graphene, a two-dimensional allotrope of carbon consisting of a single atomic layer, has recently gained attention as a near-ideal support film for cryo-EM that can overcome these challenges because of its superior properties, including mechanical strength and electrical conductivity. Here, we introduce a reliable, easily implemented, and reproducible method to produce 36 graphene-coated grids within 1.5 days. To demonstrate their practical application, we determined the cryo-EM structure of Methylococcus capsulatus soluble methane monooxygenase hydroxylase (sMMOH) at resolutions of 2.9 and 2.5 Å using Quantifoil and graphene-coated grids, respectively. We found that the graphene-coated grid has several advantages, including a smaller amount of protein required and avoiding protein denaturation at the air-water interface. By comparing the cryo-EM structure of sMMOH with its crystal structure, we identified subtle yet significant geometrical changes at the nonheme diiron center, which may better indicate the active site configuration of sMMOH in the resting/oxidized state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eungjin Ahn
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Byungchul Kim
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Soyoung Park
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department
of Fine Chemistry, Seoul National University
of Science and Technology, Seoul 139-743, Korea
| | - Amanda L. Erwin
- Department
of Cell and Developmental Biology, University
of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United
States
- Life
Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Suk Hyun Sung
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, United
States
| | - Robert Hovden
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, United
States
- Applied
Physics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, United States
| | - Shyamal Mosalaganti
- Department
of Cell and Developmental Biology, University
of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United
States
- Life
Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Uhn-Soo Cho
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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5
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Nazir G, Lee SY, Lee JH, Rehman A, Lee JK, Seok SI, Park SJ. Stabilization of Perovskite Solar Cells: Recent Developments and Future Perspectives. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2204380. [PMID: 36103603 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202204380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Exceptional power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.7% in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has been achieved, which is comparable with their traditional rivals (Si-based solar cells). However, commercialization-worthy efficiency and long-term stability remain a challenge. In this regard, there are increasing studies focusing on the interface engineering in PSC devices to overcome their poor technical readiness. Herein, the roles of electrode materials and interfaces in PSCs are discussed in terms of their PCEs and perovskite stability. All the current knowledge on the factors responsible for the rapid intrinsic and external degradation of PSCs is presented. Then, the roles of carbonaceous materials as substitutes for noble metals are focused on, along with the recent research progress in carbon-based PSCs. Furthermore, a sub-category of PSCs, that is, flexible PSCs, is considered as a type of exceptional power source due to their high power-to-weight ratios and figures of merit for next-generation wearable electronics. Last, the future perspectives and directions for research in PSCs are discussed, with an emphasis on their commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazanfar Nazir
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Seul-Yi Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Jong-Hoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Adeela Rehman
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Kun Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Sang Il Seok
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
| | - Soo-Jin Park
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
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6
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Hurtado A, Cano-Vicent A, Tuñón-Molina A, Aparicio-Collado JL, Salesa B, I Serra RS, Serrano-Aroca Á. Engineering alginate hydrogel films with poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-valerate) and graphene nanoplatelets: Enhancement of antiviral activity, cell adhesion and electroactive properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 219:694-708. [PMID: 35961550 PMCID: PMC9364692 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A new biodegradable semi-interpenetrated polymer network (semi-IPN) of two US Food and Drug Administration approved materials, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-valerate) (PHBV) and calcium alginate (CA) was engineered to provide an alternative strategy to enhance the poor adhesion properties of CA. The synthesis procedure allows the additional incorporation of 10 % w/w of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs), which have no cytotoxic effect on human keratinocytes. This quantity of multilayer graphene provides superior antiviral activity to the novel semi-IPN against a surrogate virus of SARS-CoV-2. Adding GNPs hardly affects the water absorption or electrical conductivity of the pure components of CA and PHBV. However, the semi-IPN's electrical conductivity increases dramatically after adding GNP due to molecular rearrangements of the intertwined polymer chains that continuously distribute the GNP nanosheets, This new hydrophilic composite biomaterial film shows great promise for skin biomedical applications, especially those that require antiviral and/or biodegradable electroconductive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Hurtado
- Biomaterials and Bioengineering Lab, Centro de Investigación Traslacional San Alberto Magno, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, c/Guillem de Castro 94, Valencia 46001, Spain
| | - Alba Cano-Vicent
- Biomaterials and Bioengineering Lab, Centro de Investigación Traslacional San Alberto Magno, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, c/Guillem de Castro 94, Valencia 46001, Spain
| | - Alberto Tuñón-Molina
- Biomaterials and Bioengineering Lab, Centro de Investigación Traslacional San Alberto Magno, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, c/Guillem de Castro 94, Valencia 46001, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Aparicio-Collado
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 València, Spain
| | - Beatriz Salesa
- Biomaterials and Bioengineering Lab, Centro de Investigación Traslacional San Alberto Magno, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, c/Guillem de Castro 94, Valencia 46001, Spain
| | - Roser Sabater I Serra
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 València, Spain; CIBER-BBN, Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, 46022 València, Spain.
| | - Ángel Serrano-Aroca
- Biomaterials and Bioengineering Lab, Centro de Investigación Traslacional San Alberto Magno, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, c/Guillem de Castro 94, Valencia 46001, Spain.
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7
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Akkanen STM, Fernandez HA, Sun Z. Optical Modification of 2D Materials: Methods and Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2110152. [PMID: 35139583 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202110152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
2D materials are under extensive research due to their remarkable properties suitable for various optoelectronic, photonic, and biological applications, yet their conventional fabrication methods are typically harsh and cost-ineffective. Optical modification is demonstrated as an effective and scalable method for accurate and local in situ engineering and patterning of 2D materials in ambient conditions. This review focuses on the state of the art of optical modification of 2D materials and their applications. Perspectives for future developments in this field are also discussed, including novel laser tools, new optical modification strategies, and their emerging applications in quantum technologies and biotechnologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Henry Alexander Fernandez
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Espoo, 02150, Finland
- QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Espoo, 02150, Finland
| | - Zhipei Sun
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Espoo, 02150, Finland
- QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Espoo, 02150, Finland
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8
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Wu X, Chen X, Yang R, Zhan J, Ren Y, Li K. Recent Advances on Tuning the Interlayer Coupling and Properties in van der Waals Heterostructures. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2105877. [PMID: 35044721 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202105877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
2D van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures are receiving increasing research attention due to the theoretically amazing properties and unprecedented application potential. However, the as-synthesized heterostructures are generally underperforming due to the weak interlayer coupling, which inspires the researchers to find ways to modulate the interlayer coupling and properties, realizing the tailored performance for actual applications. There have been a lot of publications regarding the controllable regulation of the structures and properties of 2D vdW heterostructures in the past few years, while a review work summarizing the current advances is not yet available, though it is significant. This paper conducts a state-of-the-art review regarding the current research progress of performance modulation of vdW heterostructures by different techniques. First, the general synthesis methods of vdW heterostructures are summarized. Then, different performance modulation techniques, that is, mechanical-based, external fields-assisted, and particle beam irradiation-based methods, are discussed and compared in detail. Some of the newly proposed concepts are described. Thereafter, applications of vdW heterostructures with tailored properties are reviewed for the application prospects of the topic around this area. Moreover, the future research challenges and prospects are discussed, aiming at triggering more research interest and device applications around this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519082, China
| | - Xiyue Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519082, China
| | - Ruxue Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519082, China
| | - Jianbin Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Yingzhi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Kun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Metal Additive Manufacturing (3D Printing), Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
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9
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Wu X, Zhu X. Molecular dynamics simulations of ion beam irradiation on graphene/MoS 2 heterostructure. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21113. [PMID: 34702934 PMCID: PMC8548316 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00582-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction between ion irradiation and two-dimensional (2D) heterostructures is important for the performance modulation and application realization, while few studies have been reported. This paper investigates the influence of Ar ion irradiation on graphene/MoS2 heterostructure by using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The generation of defects is studied at first by considering the influence factors (i.e., irradiation energy, dose, stacking order, and substrate). Then uniaxial tensile test simulations are conducted to uncover the evolution of the mechanical performance of graphene/MoS2 heterostructure after being irradiated by ions. At last, the control rule of interlayer distance in graphene/MoS2 heterostructure by ion irradiation is illustrated for the actual applications. This study could provide important guidance for future application in tuning the performance of graphene/MoS2 heterostructure-based devices by ion beam irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xiaobao Zhu
- School of Software, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, 330063, Jiangxi, China.
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10
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Moldovan D, Choi J, Choo Y, Kim WS, Hwa Y. Laser-based three-dimensional manufacturing technologies for rechargeable batteries. NANO CONVERGENCE 2021; 8:23. [PMID: 34370114 PMCID: PMC8353058 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-021-00271-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Laser three-dimensional (3D) manufacturing technologies have gained substantial attention to fabricate 3D structured electrochemical rechargeable batteries. Laser 3D manufacturing techniques offer excellent 3D microstructure controllability, good design flexibility, process simplicity, and high energy and cost efficiencies, which are beneficial for rechargeable battery cell manufacturing. In this review, notable progress in development of the rechargeable battery cells via laser 3D manufacturing techniques is introduced and discussed. The basic concepts and remarkable achievements of four representative laser 3D manufacturing techniques such as selective laser sintering (or melting) techniques, direct laser writing for graphene-based electrodes, laser-induced forward transfer technique and laser ablation subtractive manufacturing are highlighted. Finally, major challenges and prospects of the laser 3D manufacturing technologies for battery cell manufacturing will be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Moldovan
- The School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85281, USA
| | - Jaeyoo Choi
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Youngwoo Choo
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Won-Sik Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-744, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yoon Hwa
- The School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85281, USA.
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11
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Wu H, Yu X, Zhu M, Zhu Z, Zhang J, Zhang S, Qin S, Wang G, Peng G, Dai J, Novoselov KS. Direct Visualization and Manipulation of Stacking Orders in Few-Layer Graphene by Dynamic Atomic Force Microscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:7328-7334. [PMID: 34319748 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Stacking order plays a central role in governing a wide range of properties in layered two-dimensional materials. In the case of few-layer graphene, there are two common stacking configurations: ABA and ABC stacking, which have been proven to exhibit dramatically different electronic properties. However, the controllable characterization and manipulation between them remain a great challenge. Here, we report that ABA- and ABC-stacked domains can be directly visualized in phase imaging by tapping-mode atomic force microscopy with much higher spatial resolution than conventional optical spectroscopy. The contrasting phase is caused by the different energy dissipation by the tip-sample interaction. We further demonstrate controllable manipulation on the ABA/ABC domain walls by means of propagating stress transverse waves generated by the tapping of tip. Our results offer a reliable strategy for direct imaging and precise control of the atomic structures in few-layer graphene, which can be extended to other two-dimensional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjian Wu
- Department of Physics, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Yu
- Department of Physics, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, Hunan, China
| | - Mengjian Zhu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies & Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Novel Nano-Optoelectronic Information Materials and Devices, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, Hunan, China
| | - Zhihong Zhu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies & Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Novel Nano-Optoelectronic Information Materials and Devices, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, Hunan, China
| | - Jianyu Zhang
- Institute of Electronic Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, Sichuan, China
| | - Sen Zhang
- Department of Physics, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, Hunan, China
| | - Shiqiao Qin
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies & Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Novel Nano-Optoelectronic Information Materials and Devices, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, Hunan, China
| | - Guang Wang
- Department of Physics, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, Hunan, China
| | - Gang Peng
- Department of Physics, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, Hunan, China
| | - Jiayu Dai
- Department of Physics, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, Hunan, China
| | - Kostya S Novoselov
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
- Chongqing 2D Materials Institute, Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing 400714, China
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12
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Zhang A, Wang Z, Ouyang H, Lyu W, Sun J, Cheng Y, Fu B. Recent Progress of Two-Dimensional Materials for Ultrafast Photonics. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11071778. [PMID: 34361163 PMCID: PMC8308201 DOI: 10.3390/nano11071778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Owing to their extraordinary physical and chemical properties, two-dimensional (2D) materials have aroused extensive attention and have been widely used in photonic and optoelectronic devices, catalytic reactions, and biomedicine. In particular, 2D materials possess a unique bandgap structure and nonlinear optical properties, which can be used as saturable absorbers in ultrafast lasers. Here, we mainly review the top-down and bottom-up methods for preparing 2D materials, such as graphene, topological insulators, transition metal dichalcogenides, black phosphorus, and MXenes. Then, we focus on the ultrafast applications of 2D materials at the typical operating wavelengths of 1, 1.5, 2, and 3 μm. The key parameters and output performance of ultrafast pulsed lasers based on 2D materials are discussed. Furthermore, an outlook regarding the fabrication methods and the development of 2D materials in ultrafast photonics is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aojie Zhang
- BUAA-CCMU Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (A.Z.); (Z.W.); (H.O.); (W.L.); (J.S.); (Y.C.)
- School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zihao Wang
- BUAA-CCMU Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (A.Z.); (Z.W.); (H.O.); (W.L.); (J.S.); (Y.C.)
- School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hao Ouyang
- BUAA-CCMU Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (A.Z.); (Z.W.); (H.O.); (W.L.); (J.S.); (Y.C.)
- School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wenhao Lyu
- BUAA-CCMU Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (A.Z.); (Z.W.); (H.O.); (W.L.); (J.S.); (Y.C.)
- School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jingxuan Sun
- BUAA-CCMU Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (A.Z.); (Z.W.); (H.O.); (W.L.); (J.S.); (Y.C.)
- School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuan Cheng
- BUAA-CCMU Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (A.Z.); (Z.W.); (H.O.); (W.L.); (J.S.); (Y.C.)
- School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Bo Fu
- BUAA-CCMU Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (A.Z.); (Z.W.); (H.O.); (W.L.); (J.S.); (Y.C.)
- School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Interdisciplinary Innovation Institute of Medicine and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- Correspondence:
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13
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Faraone G, Sipala R, Mariani M, Martella C, Grazianetti C, Molle A, Bonera E. Probing the Laser Ablation of Black Phosphorus by Raman Spectroscopy. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2021; 125:8704-8711. [PMID: 34276854 PMCID: PMC8282126 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c01443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Laser ablation in conjunction with Raman spectroscopy can be used to attain a controllable reduction of the thickness of exfoliated black phosphorus flakes and simultaneous measurement of the local temperature. However, this approach can be affected by several parameters, such as the thickness-dependent heat dissipation. Optical, thermal, and mechanical effects in the flakes and the substrate can influence the laser ablation and may become a source of artifacts on the measurement of the local temperature. In this work, we carry out a systematic investigation of the laser thinning of black phosphorus flakes on SiO2/Si substrates. The counterintuitive results from Raman thermometry are analyzed and elucidated with the help of numerical solutions of the problem, laying the groundwork for a controlled thinning process of this material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Faraone
- LNESS
and Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali, Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca, Via Cozzi-55, I-20125 Milano, Italy
- CNR-IMM, Unità di Agrate Brianza, via C. Olivetti 2, I-20864 Agrate Brianza, Italy
| | - Roberta Sipala
- LNESS
and Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali, Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca, Via Cozzi-55, I-20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Mariani
- LNESS
and Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali, Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca, Via Cozzi-55, I-20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Christian Martella
- CNR-IMM, Unità di Agrate Brianza, via C. Olivetti 2, I-20864 Agrate Brianza, Italy
| | - Carlo Grazianetti
- CNR-IMM, Unità di Agrate Brianza, via C. Olivetti 2, I-20864 Agrate Brianza, Italy
| | - Alessandro Molle
- CNR-IMM, Unità di Agrate Brianza, via C. Olivetti 2, I-20864 Agrate Brianza, Italy
| | - Emiliano Bonera
- LNESS
and Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali, Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca, Via Cozzi-55, I-20125 Milano, Italy
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14
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Gao J, He S, Nag A. Electrochemical Detection of Glucose Molecules Using Laser-Induced Graphene Sensors: A Review. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:2818. [PMID: 33923790 PMCID: PMC8073164 DOI: 10.3390/s21082818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper deals with recent progress in the use of laser-induced graphene sensors for the electrochemical detection of glucose molecules. The exponential increase in the exploitation of the laser induction technique to generate porous graphene from polymeric and other naturally occurring materials has provided a podium for researchers to fabricate flexible sensors with high dynamicity. These sensors have been employed largely for electrochemical applications due to their distinct advantages like high customization in their structural dimensions, enhanced characteristics and easy roll-to-roll production. These laser-induced graphene (LIG)-based sensors have been employed for a wide range of sensorial applications, including detection of ions at varying concentrations. Among the many pivotal electrochemical uses in the biomedical sector, the use of these prototypes to monitor the concentration of glucose molecules is constantly increasing due to the essentiality of the presence of these molecules at specific concentrations in the human body. This paper shows a categorical classification of the various uses of these sensors based on the type of materials involved in the fabrication of sensors. The first category constitutes examples where the electrodes have been functionalized with various forms of copper and other types of metallic nanomaterials. The second category includes other miscellaneous forms where the use of both pure and composite forms of LIG-based sensors has been shown. Finally, the paper concludes with some of the possible measures that can be taken to enhance the use of this technique to generate optimized sensing prototypes for a wider range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingrong Gao
- College of Light Industry and Food Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China;
| | - Shan He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China;
- Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, 5042 Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Anindya Nag
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 251600, China
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15
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Redondo E, Ng S, Muñoz J, Pumera M. Tailoring capacitance of 3D-printed graphene electrodes by carbonisation temperature. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:19673-19680. [PMID: 32966493 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr04864j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
3D-printing is an emerging technology that can be used for the fast prototyping and decentralised production of objects with complex geometries. Concretely, carbon-based 3D-printed electrodes have emerged as promising components for electrochemical capacitors. However, such electrodes usually require some post-treatments to be electrically active. Herein, 3D-printed nanocomposite electrodes made from a polylactic acid/nanocarbon filament have been characterised through different carbonisation temperatures in order to improve the conductivity of the electrodes via insulating polymer removal. Importantly, the carbonisation temperature has demonstrated to be a key parameter to tailor the capacitive behaviour of the resulting electrodes. Accordingly, this work opens new insights in advanced 3D-printed carbon-based electrodes employing thermal activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edurne Redondo
- Future Energy and Innovation Laboratory, Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, Brno 61200, Brno CZ-616 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Siowwoon Ng
- Future Energy and Innovation Laboratory, Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, Brno 61200, Brno CZ-616 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Jose Muñoz
- Future Energy and Innovation Laboratory, Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, Brno 61200, Brno CZ-616 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Martin Pumera
- Future Energy and Innovation Laboratory, Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, Brno 61200, Brno CZ-616 00, Czech Republic. and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, South Korea and Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, No. 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
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16
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Wang M, Li D, Liu K, Guo Q, Wang S, Li X. Nonlinear Optical Imaging, Precise Layer Thinning, and Phase Engineering in MoTe 2 with Femtosecond Laser. ACS NANO 2020; 14:11169-11177. [PMID: 32816458 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c02649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The control of layer thickness and phase structure in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (2D TMDCs) like MoTe2 has recently gained much attention due to their broad applications in nanoelectronics and nanophotonics. Continuous-wave laser-based thermal treatment has been demonstrated to realize layer thinning and phase engineering in MoTe2, but requires long heating time and is largely influenced by the thermal dissipation of the substrate. The ultrafast laser produces a different response but is yet to be explored. In this work, we report the nonlinear optical interactions between MoTe2 crystals and femtosecond (fs) laser, where we have realized the nonlinear optical characterization, precise layer thinning, and phase transition in MoTe2 using a single fs laser platform. By using the fs laser with a low fluence as an excitation light source, we observe the strong nonlinear optical signals of second-harmonic generation and four-wave mixing in MoTe2, which can be used to identify the odd-even layers and layer numbers, respectively. With increasing the laser fluence to the ablation threshold (Fth), we achieve layer-by-layer removal of MoTe2, while 2H-to-1T' phase transition occurs with a higher laser fluence (2Fth to 3Fth). Moreover, we obtain highly ordered subwavelength nanoripples on both the thick and few-layer MoTe2 with a controlled fluence, which can be attributed to the fs laser-induced reorganization of the molten plasma. Our study provides a simple and efficient ultrafast laser-based approach capable of characterizing the structures and modifying the physical properties of 2D TMDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Wang
- Laser Micro/Nano Fabrication Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Dawei Li
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0299, United States
| | - Kun Liu
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrument Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Qitong Guo
- Laser Micro/Nano Fabrication Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Sumei Wang
- Laser Micro/Nano Fabrication Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Xin Li
- Laser Micro/Nano Fabrication Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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17
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You R, Liu YQ, Hao YL, Han DD, Zhang YL, You Z. Laser Fabrication of Graphene-Based Flexible Electronics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1901981. [PMID: 31441164 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201901981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed the rise of graphene and its applications in various electronic devices. Specifically, featuring excellent flexibility, transparency, conductivity, and mechanical robustness, graphene has emerged as a versatile material for flexible electronics. In the past decade, facilitated by various laser processing technologies, including the laser-treatment-induced photoreduction of graphene oxides, flexible patterning, hierarchical structuring, heteroatom doping, controllable thinning, etching, and shock of graphene, along with laser-induced graphene on polyimide, graphene has found broad applications in a wide range of electronic devices, such as power generators, supercapacitors, optoelectronic devices, sensors, and actuators. Here, the recent advancements in the laser fabrication of graphene-based flexible electronic devices are comprehensively summarized. The various laser fabrication technologies that have been employed for the preparation, processing, and modification of graphene and its derivatives are reviewed. A thorough overview of typical laser-enabled flexible electronic devices that are based on various graphene sources is presented. With the rapid progress that has been made in the research on graphene preparation methodologies and laser micronanofabrication technologies, graphene-based electronics may soon undergo fast development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui You
- Institute of Microelectronics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yu-Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Yi-Long Hao
- Institute of Microelectronics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Dong-Dong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Yong-Lai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Zheng You
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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18
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Huang Y, Sepioni M, Whitehead D, Liu Z, Guo W, Zhong X, Gu H, Li L. Rapid growth of large area graphene on glass from olive oil by laser irradiation. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:245601. [PMID: 32249760 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab7ef6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Although homogeneous, high quality graphene can be fabricated on a Cu or Ni sheet using the traditional chemical vapour deposition method at high temperatures (over 1000 °C) under specific atmospheric conditions, their transfer to another substrate is difficult. In this paper a novel method of rapidly (i.e. 3-6 s of laser irradiation) producing a large area (>3 cm2) graphene film from olive oil on a glass surface (pre-coated with a 5-28 nm thick Ni film) with defocused, large area continuous laser irradiation is described. The turbostratic graphene film (6 layers) grown in such a way has shown high electrical conductivity (sheet resistance of around 20 Ω sq-1) and an optical transmittance of 40-50%. With femtosecond laser patterning, 70% optical transparency was demonstrated. Continuous large area graphene was formed at relatively lower temperatures (<250 °C) and without the need for specific atmospheric conditions. The basic process characteristics and mechanisms involved are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihe Huang
- Laser Processing Research Centre, School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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19
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Kollipara PS, Li J, Zheng Y. Optical Patterning of Two-Dimensional Materials. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2020; 2020:6581250. [PMID: 32043085 PMCID: PMC7007758 DOI: 10.34133/2020/6581250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in the field of two-dimensional (2D) materials have led to new electronic and photonic devices enabled by their unique properties at atomic thickness. Structuring 2D materials into desired patterns on substrates is often an essential and foremost step for the optimum performance of the functional devices. In this regard, optical patterning of 2D materials has received enormous interest due to its advantages of high-throughput, site-specific, and on-demand fabrication. Recent years have witnessed scientific reports of a variety of optical techniques applicable to patterning 2D materials. In this minireview, we present the state-of-the-art optical patterning of 2D materials, including laser thinning, doping, phase transition, oxidation, and ablation. Several applications based on optically patterned 2D materials will be discussed as well. With further developments, optical patterning is expected to hold the key in pushing the frontiers of manufacturing and applications of 2D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jingang Li
- Materials Science & Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Yuebing Zheng
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Materials Science & Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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20
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Gomez-Martin A, Martinez-Fernandez J, Ruttert M, Winter M, Placke T, Ramirez-Rico J. Porous Graphene-like Carbon from Fast Catalytic Decomposition of Biomass for Energy Storage Applications. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:21446-21458. [PMID: 31867540 PMCID: PMC6921631 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel carbon material made of porous graphene-like nanosheets was synthesized from biomass resources by a simple catalytic graphitization process using nickel as a catalyst for applications in electrodes for energy storage devices. A recycled fiberboard precursor was impregnated with saturated nickel nitrate followed by high-temperature pyrolysis. The highly exothermic combustion of in situ formed nitrocellulose produces the expansion of the cellulose fibers and the reorganization of the carbon structure into a three-dimensional (3D) porous assembly of thin carbon nanosheets. After acid washing, nickel particles are fully removed, leaving nanosized holes in the wrinkled graphene-like sheets. These nanoholes confer the resulting carbon material with ≈75% capacitance retention, when applied as a supercapacitor electrode in aqueous media at a specific current of 100 A·g-1 compared to the capacitance reached at 20 mA·g-1, and ≈35% capacity retention, when applied as a negative electrode for lithium-ion battery cells at a specific current of 3720 mA·g-1 compared to the specific capacity at 37.2 mA·g-1. These findings suggest a novel way for synthesizing 3D nanocarbon networks from a cellulosic precursor requiring low temperatures and being amenable to large-scale production while using a sustainable starting precursor such as recycled fiberwood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Gomez-Martin
- Dpto.
Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Reina Mercedes SN, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (CSIC-Univ. Sevilla), Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Julian Martinez-Fernandez
- Dpto.
Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Reina Mercedes SN, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (CSIC-Univ. Sevilla), Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Mirco Ruttert
- MEET
Battery Research Center, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 46, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Martin Winter
- MEET
Battery Research Center, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 46, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Helmholtz
Institute Münster, IEK-12, Forschungszentrum Jülich
GmbH, Corrensstraße
46, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Tobias Placke
- MEET
Battery Research Center, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 46, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Joaquin Ramirez-Rico
- Dpto.
Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Reina Mercedes SN, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (CSIC-Univ. Sevilla), Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
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21
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Wang P, Guo B, Ma H, Wu W, Gu Y, Wang X, Zhang R. Chemically exfoliated highly conductive layer-tunable graphene by simply controlling the exfoliating temperature. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:465602. [PMID: 31412321 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab3b40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The development of effective strategies for the massive production of layer-number tunable graphene is of great importance to satisfy the requirements in versatile applications such as energy storage, thermal management, photocatalysis. However, how to prepare the layer-tunable graphene by a simple and efficient way is still a great challenge. Herein, an attempt has been made to exfoliate graphite into layer-tunable graphene by simply soaking the graphite in a binary-component solution composed of H2SO4 and (NH4)2S2O8. In this one-step method, we demonstrate that the layer-number for the as-prepared graphene can be significantly reduced by increasing the exfoliating temperature. An average thickness of ∼20, ∼10, and ∼3 atomic layers can be obtained for the graphene samples exfoliated at the temperature of 30 °C, 60 °C, and 90 °C, respectively. Meanwhile, higher exfoliating temperature not only facilitates the higher efficiency in the exfoliation of graphite, but also achieves a superior conductivity for the prepared graphene. We have demonstrated for the first time that controlling in a sole factor of temperature can effectively tune the layer-number of graphene by a one-step chemical exfoliation method, which will find its great potential in the practical application where the designated property of graphene is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, People's Republic of China
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22
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Rho Y, Pei J, Wang L, Su Z, Eliceiri M, Grigoropoulos CP. Site-Selective Atomic Layer Precision Thinning of MoS 2 via Laser-Assisted Anisotropic Chemical Etching. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:39385-39393. [PMID: 31553575 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b14306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Various exotic optoelectronic properties of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) strongly depend on their number of layers, and typically manifest in ultrathin few-layer or monolayer formats. Thus, precise manipulation of thickness and shape is essential to fully access their potential in optoelectronic applications. Here, we demonstrate site-selective atomic layer precision thinning of exfoliated MoS2 flake by laser. The oxidation mediated anisotropic chemical etching initiated from edge defects and progressed by controlled scanning of the laser beam. Thereby, the topmost layer can be preferentially removed in designed patterns without damaging the bottom flake. In addition, we could monitor the deceleration of the thinning by in situ reflectance measurement. The apparent slow down of the thinning rate is attributed to the sharp reduction in the temperature of the flake due to thickness dependent optical properties. Fabrication of monolayer stripes by laser thinning suggests potential applications in nonlinear optical gratings. The proposed thinning method would offer a unique and rather straightforward way to obtain arbitrary shape and thickness of a TMDCs flake for various optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonsoo Rho
- Laser Thermal Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Jiayun Pei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , People's Republic of China
| | - Letian Wang
- Laser Thermal Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Zhengliang Su
- Laser Thermal Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Matthew Eliceiri
- Laser Thermal Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Costas P Grigoropoulos
- Laser Thermal Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
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23
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Frígols B, Martí M, Salesa B, Hernández-Oliver C, Aarstad O, Teialeret Ulset AS, Inger Sӕtrom G, Aachmann FL, Serrano-Aroca Á. Graphene oxide in zinc alginate films: Antibacterial activity, cytotoxicity, zinc release, water sorption/diffusion, wettability and opacity. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0212819. [PMID: 30845148 PMCID: PMC6405205 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alginate is considered an exceptional biomaterial due to its hydrophilicity, biocompatibility, biodegradability, nontoxicity and low-cost in comparison with other biopolymers. We have recently demonstrated that the incorporation of 1% graphene oxide (GO) into alginate films crosslinked with Ca2+ cations provides antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis, and no cytotoxicity for human keratinocyte HaCaT cells. However, many other reports in literature have shown controversial results about the toxicity of GO demanding further investigation. Furthermore, the synergic effect of GO with other divalent cations with intrinsic antibacterial and cytotoxic activity such as Zn2+ has not been explored yet. Thus, here, two commercially available sodium alginates were characterised and utilized in the synthesis of zinc alginate films with GO following the same chemical route reported for the calcium alginate/GO composites. The results of this study showed that zinc release, water sorption/diffusion and wettability depended significantly on the type of alginate utilized. Furthermore, Zn2+ and GO produced alginate films with increased water diffusion, wettability and opacity. However, neither the combination of GO with Zn2+ nor the use of different types of sodium alginates modified the antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of the zinc alginates against these Gram-positive pathogens and human cells respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belén Frígols
- Facultad de Veterinaria y Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel Martí
- Facultad de Veterinaria y Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Valencia, Spain
| | - Beatriz Salesa
- Facultad de Veterinaria y Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carolina Hernández-Oliver
- Facultad de Veterinaria y Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Valencia, Spain
| | - Olav Aarstad
- NOBIPOL, Department of Biotechnology and Food Science NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ann-Sissel Teialeret Ulset
- NOBIPOL, Department of Biotechnology and Food Science NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Gerd Inger Sӕtrom
- NOBIPOL, Department of Biotechnology and Food Science NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Finn Lillelund Aachmann
- NOBIPOL, Department of Biotechnology and Food Science NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ángel Serrano-Aroca
- Facultad de Veterinaria y Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Valencia, Spain
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24
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Rastogi PK, Sahoo KR, Thakur P, Sharma R, Bawari S, Podila R, Narayanan TN. Graphene-hBN non-van der Waals vertical heterostructures for four- electron oxygen reduction reaction. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:3942-3953. [PMID: 30706063 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp06155f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
A novel vertical non-van der Waals (non-vdW) heterostructure of graphene and hexagonal boron nitride (G/hBN) is realized and its application in direct four-electron oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline medium is established. The G/hBN differs from previously demonstrated vdW heterostructures, where it has a chemical bridging between graphene and hBN allowing a direct charge transfer - resulting in high ORR activity. The ORR efficacy of G/hBN is compared with that of graphene-hBN vdW structure and individual layers of graphene and hBN along with that of benchmark platinum/carbon (Pt/C). The ORR activity of G/hBN is found to be on par with Pt/C in terms of current density but with much higher electrochemical stability and methanol tolerance. The onset potential of the G/hBN is found to be improved from 780 mV at a glassy carbon electrode to 930 mV and 940 mV in gold and platinum electrodes, respectively, indicating its substrate-dependent catalytic activity. This opens possibilities of new benchmark catalysts of metals capped with G/hBN atomic layers, where the underneath metal is protected while keeping the activity similar to that of pristine metal. Density functional theory-based calculations are found to be supporting the observed augmented ORR performance of G/hBN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Kumar Rastogi
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research - Hyderabad, Sy. No. 36/P, Gopanapally Village, Serilingampally Mandal, Hyderabad - 500 107, India.
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25
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Martí M, Frígols B, Salesa B, Serrano-Aroca Á. Calcium alginate/graphene oxide films: Reinforced composites able to prevent Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis infections with no cytotoxicity for human keratinocyte HaCaT cells. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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26
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Shang W, Wu F, Wen Y, He C, Zhan X, Li Y. Corrosion Resistance and Mechanism of Graphene Oxide Composite Coatings on Magnesium Alloy. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b05303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Fang Wu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yuqing Wen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Chubin He
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Zhan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yuqing Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
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27
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Ahmad IA, Koziol KKK, Deveci S, Kim HK, Kumar RV. Advancing the Use of High-Performance Graphene-Based Multimodal Polymer Nanocomposite at Scale. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8110947. [PMID: 30453602 PMCID: PMC6266415 DOI: 10.3390/nano8110947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The production of an innovative, high-performance graphene-based polymer nanocomposite using cost-effective techniques was pursued in this study. Well-dispersed and uniformly distributed graphene platelets within a polymer matrix, with strong interfacial bonding between the platelets and the matrix, provided an optimal nanocomposite system for industrial interest. This study reports on the reinforcement of high molecular weight multimodal-high-density polyethylene reinforced by a microwave-induced plasma graphene, using melt intercalation. The tailored process included designing a suitable screw configuration, paired with coordinating extruder conditions and blending techniques. This enabled the polymer to sufficiently degrade, predominantly through thermomechanical-degradation, as well as thermo-oxidative degradation, which subsequently created a suitable medium for the graphene sheets to disperse readily and distribute evenly within the polymer matrix. Different microscopy techniques were employed to prove the effectiveness. This was then qualitatively assessed by Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, rheology, mechanical testing, density measurements, thermal expansion, and thermogravimetric analysis, confirming both the originality as well as the effectiveness of the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim A Ahmad
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Rd, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK.
| | - Krzysztof K K Koziol
- Enhanced Composites and Structures Centre, School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK.
| | - Suleyman Deveci
- Innovation Centre, Borouge Pte. Ltd., PO Box 6951, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
| | - Hyun-Kyung Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Rd, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK.
- Gwangju Bio/Energy R&D Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), 270-25 Samso-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61003, Korea.
| | - Ramachandran Vasant Kumar
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Rd, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK.
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Biocompatible Carbon-Based Coating as Potential Endovascular Material for Stent Surface. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:2758347. [PMID: 30402466 PMCID: PMC6193326 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2758347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Stainless steel 316L is a material commonly used in cardiovascular medicine. Despite the various methods applied in stent production, the rates of in-stent restenosis and thrombosis remain high. In this study graphene was used to coat the surface of 316L substrate for enhanced bio- and hemocompatibility of the substrate. The presence of graphene layers applied to the substrate was investigated using cutting-edge imaging technology: energy-filtered low-voltage FE-SEM approach, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The potential of G-316L surface to influence endothelial cells phenotype and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) has been determined. Our results show that the bio- and hemocompatible properties of graphene coatings along with known radial force of 316L make G-316L a promising candidate for intracoronary implants.
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29
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Mehmood R, Tariq N, Zaheer M, Bibi F, Iqbal Z. One-pot synthesis of graphene- cobalt hydroxide composite nanosheets (Co/G NSs) for electrocatalytic water oxidation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13772. [PMID: 30213989 PMCID: PMC6137037 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32177-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a one-pot method for the preparation of graphene-cobalt hydroxide nanosheets (Co/G NSs) and their use as an effective elelctrocatalyst for water oxidation. Mechanical exfoliation of graphite via sonication produced graphene sheets, which were stabilized by the surface adsorption of a cationic surfactant (CTAB). In a subsequent step, varying amount of a cobalt complex [sodium hexanitrocobaltate(III)] was added which selectively bound with the positively charged head of surfactant. In the last step, cobalt complex was reduced with sodium borohydride to obtain Co/G NSs catalyst. The catalyst showed lower overpotential (280 mV) as compared to benchmark catalysts and decent stability and turnover frequency (TOF: 0.089 s−1) for oxygen evolution reaction (OER).
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Affiliation(s)
- Robab Mehmood
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, SBA School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS), Lahore, 54792, Pakistan
| | - Neelam Tariq
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, SBA School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS), Lahore, 54792, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zaheer
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, SBA School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS), Lahore, 54792, Pakistan.
| | - Fozia Bibi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Poonch Rawalakot (UPR) Rawalakot, 12350, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Zafar Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, SBA School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS), Lahore, 54792, Pakistan
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30
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Yang G, Li L, Lee WB, Ng MC. Structure of graphene and its disorders: a review. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2018; 19:613-648. [PMID: 30181789 PMCID: PMC6116708 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2018.1494493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Monolayer graphene exhibits extraordinary properties owing to the unique, regular arrangement of atoms in it. However, graphene is usually modified for specific applications, which introduces disorder. This article presents details of graphene structure, including sp2 hybridization, critical parameters of the unit cell, formation of σ and π bonds, electronic band structure, edge orientations, and the number and stacking order of graphene layers. We also discuss topics related to the creation and configuration of disorders in graphene, such as corrugations, topological defects, vacancies, adatoms and sp3-defects. The effects of these disorders on the electrical, thermal, chemical and mechanical properties of graphene are analyzed subsequently. Finally, we review previous work on the modulation of structural defects in graphene for specific applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Ultraprecision Machining Technology, Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Lihua Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Ultraprecision Machining Technology, Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Wing Bun Lee
- The State Key Laboratory of Ultraprecision Machining Technology, Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Man Cheung Ng
- The State Key Laboratory of Ultraprecision Machining Technology, Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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31
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Han GH, Duong DL, Keum DH, Yun SJ, Lee YH. van der Waals Metallic Transition Metal Dichalcogenides. Chem Rev 2018; 118:6297-6336. [PMID: 29957928 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal dichalcogenides are layered materials which are composed of transition metals and chalcogens of the group VIA in a 1:2 ratio. These layered materials have been extensively investigated over synthesis and optical and electrical properties for several decades. It can be insulators, semiconductors, or metals revealing all types of condensed matter properties from a magnetic lattice distorted to superconducting characteristics. Some of these also feature the topological manner. Instead of covering the semiconducting properties of transition metal dichalcogenides, which have been extensively revisited and reviewed elsewhere, here we present the structures of metallic transition metal dichalcogenides and their synthetic approaches for not only high-quality wafer-scale samples using conventional methods (e.g., chemical vapor transport, chemical vapor deposition) but also local small areas by a modification of the materials using Li intercalation, electron beam irradiation, light illumination, pressures, and strains. Some representative band structures of metallic transition metal dichalcogenides and their strong layer-dependence are reviewed and updated, both in theoretical calculations and experiments. In addition, we discuss the physical properties of metallic transition metal dichalcogenides such as periodic lattice distortion, magnetoresistance, superconductivity, topological insulator, and Weyl semimetal. Approaches to overcome current challenges related to these materials are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Hee Han
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP) , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea.,Department of Energy Science , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
| | - Dinh Loc Duong
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP) , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea.,Department of Energy Science , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Keum
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP) , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea.,Department of Energy Science , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Joon Yun
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP) , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea.,Department of Energy Science , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hee Lee
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP) , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea.,Department of Energy Science , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea.,Department of Physics , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
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32
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Aydın H, Kalkan SB, Varlikli C, Çelebi C. P3HT-graphene bilayer electrode for Schottky junction photodetectors. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:145502. [PMID: 29447121 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aaaaf5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated the effect of a poly (3-hexylthiophene-2.5-diyl)(P3HT)-graphene bilayer electrode on the photoresponsivity characteristics of Si-based Schottky photodetectors. P3HT, which is known to be an electron donor and absorb light in the visible spectrum, was placed on CVD grown graphene by dip-coating method. The results of the UV-vis and Raman spectroscopy measurements have been evaluated to confirm the optical and electronic modification of graphene by the P3HT thin film. Current-voltage measurements of graphene/Si and P3HT-graphene/Si revealed rectification behavior confirming a Schottky junction formation at the graphene/Si interface. Time-resolved photocurrent spectroscopy measurements showed the devices had excellent durability and a fast response speed. We found that the maximum spectral photoresponsivity of the P3HT-graphene/Si photodetector increased more than three orders of magnitude compared to that of the bare graphene/Si photodetector. The observed increment in the photoresponsivity of the P3HT-graphene/Si samples was attributed to the charge transfer doping from P3HT to graphene within the spectral range between near-ultraviolet and near-infrared. Furthermore, the P3HT-graphene electrode was found to improve the specific detectivity and noise equivalent power of graphene/Si photodetectors. The obtained results showed that the P3HT-graphene bilayer electrodes significantly improved the photoresponsivity characteristics of our samples and thus can be used as a functional component in Si-based optoelectronic device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Aydın
- Quantum Device Laboratory, Department of Physics, İzmir Institute of Technology, 35430, Izmir, Turkey
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33
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Lee E, Lee SG, Lee HC, Jo M, Yoo MS, Cho K. Direct Growth of Highly Stable Patterned Graphene on Dielectric Insulators using a Surface-Adhered Solid Carbon Source. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1706569. [PMID: 29473234 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201706569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A novel method is described for the direct growth of patterned graphene on dielectric substrates by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) in the presence of Cu vapor and using a solid aromatic carbon source, 1,2,3,4-tetraphenylnapthalene (TPN), as the precursor. The UV/O3 treatment of the TPN film both crosslinks TPN and results in a strong interaction between the substrate and the TPN that prevents complete sublimation of the carbon source from the substrate during CVD. Substrate-adhered crosslinked TPN is successfully converted to graphene on the substrate without any organic contamination. The graphene synthesized by this method shows excellent mechanical and chemical stability. This process also enables the simultaneous patterning of graphene materials, which can thus be used as transparent electrodes for electronic devices. The proposed method for the synthesis directly on substrates of patterned graphene is expected to have wide applications in organic and soft hybrid electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunho Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, South Korea
| | - Seung Goo Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, South Korea
| | - Hyo Chan Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, South Korea
| | - Mankyu Jo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, South Korea
| | - Min Seok Yoo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, South Korea
| | - Kilwon Cho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, South Korea
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34
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Kar S, Nguyen VL, Mohapatra DR, Lee YH, Sood AK. Ultrafast Spectral Photoresponse of Bilayer Graphene: Optical Pump-Terahertz Probe Spectroscopy. ACS NANO 2018; 12:1785-1792. [PMID: 29309138 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b08555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Photoinduced terahertz conductivity Δσ(ω) of Bernal stacked bilayer graphene (BLG) with different dopings is measured by time-resolved optical pump terahertz probe spectroscopy. The real part of photoconductivity Δσ(ω) (ΔσRe(ω)) is positive throughout the spectral range 0.5-2.5 THz in low-doped BLG. This is in sharp contrast to Δσ(ω) for high-doped bilayer graphene where ΔσRe(ω) is negative at low frequency and positive on the high frequency side. We use Boltzmann transport theory to understand quantitatively the frequency dependence of Δσ(ω), demanding the energy dependence of different scattering rates such as short-range impurity scattering, Coulomb scattering, carrier-acoustic phonon scattering, and substrate surface optical phonon scattering. We find that the short-range disorder scattering dominates over other processes. The calculated photoconductivity captures very well the experimental conductivity spectra as a function of lattice temperature varying from 300 to 4 K, without any empirical fitting procedures adopted so far in the literature. This helps us to understand the intraband conductivity of photoexcited hot carriers in 2D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srabani Kar
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560 012, India
- Center for Ultrafast Laser Applications, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560 012, India
| | - Van Luan Nguyen
- Center for Intergrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP), Institute for Basic Science, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Dipti R Mohapatra
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560 012, India
| | - Young Hee Lee
- Center for Intergrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP), Institute for Basic Science, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419, Korea
- Department of Energy Science and Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - A K Sood
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560 012, India
- Center for Ultrafast Laser Applications, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560 012, India
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35
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Pakhira S, Lucht KP, Mendoza-Cortes JL. Dirac cone in two dimensional bilayer graphene by intercalation with V, Nb, and Ta transition metals. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:064707. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5008996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Srimanta Pakhira
- Condensed Matter Theory, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA
- Scientific Computing Department, Materials Science and Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA
- Department of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU Joint College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA
| | - Kevin P. Lucht
- Scientific Computing Department, Materials Science and Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA
- Department of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU Joint College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA
| | - Jose L. Mendoza-Cortes
- Condensed Matter Theory, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA
- Scientific Computing Department, Materials Science and Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA
- Department of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU Joint College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA
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36
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Bukola S, Liang Y, Korzeniewski C, Harris J, Creager S. Selective Proton/Deuteron Transport through Nafion|Graphene|Nafion Sandwich Structures at High Current Density. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:1743-1752. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b10853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saheed Bukola
- Department
of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Ying Liang
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Carol Korzeniewski
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Joel Harris
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Stephen Creager
- Department
of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
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37
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Serrano-Aroca Á, Deb S. Synthesis of irregular graphene oxide tubes using green chemistry and their potential use as reinforcement materials for biomedical applications. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185235. [PMID: 28934354 PMCID: PMC5608476 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Micrometer length tubes of graphene oxide (GO) with irregular form were synthesised following facile and green metal complexation reactions. These materials were obtained by crosslinking of GO with calcium, zinc or strontium chlorides at three different temperatures (24, 34 and 55°C) using distilled water as solvent for the compounds and following a remarkably simple and low-cost synthetic method, which employs no hazardous substances and is conducted without consumption of thermal or sonic energy. These irregular continuous GO networks showed a very particular interconnected structure by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy-Disperse X-Ray Spectroscopy for elemental analysis and High-resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy with Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope Dark Field Imaging, and were analysed by Raman Spectroscopy. To demonstrate the potential use of these 3D GO networks as reinforcement materials for biomedical applications, two composites of calcium alginate with irregular tubes of GO and with single GO nanosheets were prepared with the same amount of GO and divalent atoms and analysed. Thus, the dynamic-mechanical modulus of the composites synthesised with the 3D crosslinked GO networks showed a very significant mechanical improvement due to marked microstructural changes confirmed by confocal microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Serrano-Aroca
- Bioengineering & Cellular Therapy Group, Facultad de Veterinaria y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad Católica de Valencia “San Vicente Mártir”, C/Guillem de Castro 94,Valencia, Spain
| | - Sanjukta Deb
- Division of Tissue Engineering & Biophotonics, King’s College London, Dental Institute, London, Tower Wing, Guy’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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38
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Kim KS, Ji YJ, Nam Y, Kim KH, Singh E, Lee JY, Yeom GY. Atomic layer etching of graphene through controlled ion beam for graphene-based electronics. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2462. [PMID: 28550291 PMCID: PMC5446397 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02430-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The electronic and optical properties of graphene are greatly dependent on the the number of layers. For the precise control of the graphene layers, atomic layer etching (ALE), a cyclic etching method achieved through chemical adsorption and physical desorption, can be the most powerful technique due to barely no damage and no contamination. In this study, we demonstrated the ALE process of graphene layers without noticeably damaging the graphene by using a controlled low energy oxygen (O2+/O+)-ion for chemical adsorption and a low energy Ar+-ion (11.2 eV) for physical desorption. In addition, using a trilayer graphene, mono- and bi-layer graphene could be successfully fabricated after one- and two-cycle ALE of the trilayer graphene, respectively. We believe that the ALE technique presented herein can be applicable to all layered materials such as graphene, black phosphorous and transition metal dichalcogenides which are important for next generation electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Seok Kim
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - You Jin Ji
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonsig Nam
- School of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Eric Singh
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305, United States
| | - Jin Yong Lee
- School of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun Young Yeom
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea.
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano Technology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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39
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Zhang C, Zhang J, Lin K, Huang Y. Laser-assisted chemical vapor deposition setup for fast synthesis of graphene patterns. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2017; 88:053907. [PMID: 28571393 DOI: 10.1063/1.4984004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
An automatic setup based on the laser-assisted chemical vapor deposition method has been developed for the rapid synthesis of graphene patterns. The key components of this setup include a laser beam control and focusing unit, a laser spot monitoring unit, and a vacuum and flow control unit. A laser beam with precision control of laser power is focused on the surface of a nickel foil substrate by the laser beam control and focusing unit for localized heating. A rapid heating and cooling process at the localized region is induced by the relative movement between the focalized laser spot and the nickel foil substrate, which causes the decomposing of gaseous hydrocarbon and the out-diffusing of excess carbon atoms to form graphene patterns on the laser scanning path. All the fabrication parameters that affect the quality and number of graphene layers, such as laser power, laser spot size, laser scanning speed, pressure of vacuum chamber, and flow rates of gases, can be precisely controlled and monitored during the preparation of graphene patterns. A simulation of temperature distribution was carried out via the finite element method, providing a scientific guidance for the regulation of temperature distribution during experiments. A multi-layer graphene ribbon with few defects was synthesized to verify its performance of the rapid growth of high-quality graphene patterns. Furthermore, this setup has potential applications in other laser-based graphene synthesis and processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chentao Zhang
- Department of Instrumental and Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jianhuan Zhang
- Department of Instrumental and Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Kun Lin
- Department of Instrumental and Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yuanqing Huang
- Department of Instrumental and Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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Foster CW, Down MP, Zhang Y, Ji X, Rowley-Neale SJ, Smith GC, Kelly PJ, Banks CE. 3D Printed Graphene Based Energy Storage Devices. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42233. [PMID: 28256602 PMCID: PMC5361393 DOI: 10.1038/srep42233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
3D printing technology provides a unique platform for rapid prototyping of numerous applications due to its ability to produce low cost 3D printed platforms. Herein, a graphene-based polylactic acid filament (graphene/PLA) has been 3D printed to fabricate a range of 3D disc electrode (3DE) configurations using a conventional RepRap fused deposition moulding (FDM) 3D printer, which requires no further modification/ex-situ curing step. To provide proof-of-concept, these 3D printed electrode architectures are characterised both electrochemically and physicochemically and are advantageously applied as freestanding anodes within Li-ion batteries and as solid-state supercapacitors. These freestanding anodes neglect the requirement for a current collector, thus offering a simplistic and cheaper alternative to traditional Li-ion based setups. Additionally, the ability of these devices’ to electrochemically produce hydrogen via the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) as an alternative to currently utilised platinum based electrodes (with in electrolysers) is also performed. The 3DE demonstrates an unexpectedly high catalytic activity towards the HER (−0.46 V vs. SCE) upon the 1000th cycle, such potential is the closest observed to the desired value of platinum at (−0.25 V vs. SCE). We subsequently suggest that 3D printing of graphene-based conductive filaments allows for the simple fabrication of energy storage devices with bespoke and conceptual designs to be realised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher W Foster
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester M15 GD, UK
| | - Michael P Down
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester M15 GD, UK
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Xiaobo Ji
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Samuel J Rowley-Neale
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester M15 GD, UK
| | - Graham C Smith
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Natural Sciences, University of Chester, Thornton Science Park, Pool Lane, Ince, Chester CH2 4NU, UK
| | - Peter J Kelly
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester M15 GD, UK
| | - Craig E Banks
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester M15 GD, UK
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Li L, Gao P, Gai S, He F, Chen Y, Zhang M, Yang P. Ultra small and highly dispersed Fe3O4 nanoparticles anchored on reduced graphene for supercapacitor application. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.12.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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