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Miller KA, Degan S, Wang Y, Cohen J, Ku SY, Goodrich DW, Gelman IH. PTEN-regulated PI3K-p110 and AKT isoform plasticity controls metastatic prostate cancer progression. Oncogene 2024; 43:22-34. [PMID: 37875657 PMCID: PMC10766561 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02875-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
PTEN loss, one of the most frequent mutations in prostate cancer (PC), is presumed to drive disease progression through AKT activation. However, two transgenic PC models with Akt activation plus Rb loss exhibited different metastatic development: Pten/RbPE:-/- mice produced systemic metastatic adenocarcinomas with high AKT2 activation, whereas RbPE:-/- mice deficient for the Src-scaffolding protein, Akap12, induced high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasias and indolent lymph node dissemination, correlating with upregulated phosphotyrosyl PI3K-p85α. Using PC cells isogenic for PTEN, we show that PTEN-deficiency correlated with dependence on both p110β and AKT2 for in vitro and in vivo parameters of metastatic growth or motility, and with downregulation of SMAD4, a known PC metastasis suppressor. In contrast, PTEN expression, which dampened these oncogenic behaviors, correlated with greater dependence on p110α plus AKT1. Our data suggest that metastatic PC aggressiveness is controlled by specific PI3K/AKT isoform combinations influenced by divergent Src activation or PTEN-loss pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina A Miller
- Department of Cancer Genetics & Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14209, USA
- American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Seamus Degan
- Department of Cancer Genetics & Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14209, USA
| | - Yanqing Wang
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14209, USA
| | - Joseph Cohen
- Department of Cancer Genetics & Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14209, USA
- Sequence, Inc., Morrisville, NC, USA
| | - Sheng Yu Ku
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David W Goodrich
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14209, USA
| | - Irwin H Gelman
- Department of Cancer Genetics & Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14209, USA.
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2
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Wu W, Xia X, Tang L, Luo J, Xiong S, Ma G, Lei H. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase as a therapeutic target in angiogenic disease. Exp Eye Res 2023; 236:109646. [PMID: 37716399 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) generate lipids that control multitudinous intracellular cell signaling events which participate in cell survival and proliferation. In addition, PI3K signaling also contributes to metabolism, immunity, angiogenesis and cardiovascular homeostasis, and many diseases. The diverse actions of PI3K stem from the existence of their various isoforms and a variety of protein effectors. Hence, PI3K isoform-specific inhibitors have already achieved a wonderful effect on treating cancer. Herein, we summarize the molecular mechanism of PI3K inhibitors in preventing the permeability of vessels and neovascularization. Additionally, we briefly illustrate how PI3K signaling modulates blood vessel growth and discuss the different roles that PI3K isoforms play in angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyi Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Xiaobo Xia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Luosheng Tang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Siqi Xiong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Gaoen Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China.
| | - Hetian Lei
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen, China.
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3
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Zuo Y, Leng G, Leng P. Identification and validation of molecular subtype and prognostic signature for lung adenocarcinoma based on neutrophil extracellular traps. Pathol Oncol Res 2023; 29:1610899. [PMID: 37143472 PMCID: PMC10151567 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2023.1610899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) are fibrous networks made of DNA-histone complexes and proteins protruded from activated neutrophils. Accumulating evidences have highlighted the vital role of NETs in tumor progression and diffusion. However, limited systematic studies regarding the role of NETs in LUAD have been performed. Methods: Differentially expressed NETs-related genes and their mutation landscape were identified with TCGA database. Consensus clustering analysis was performed to determine the NETs-related subtypes of LUAD. LASSO algorithm was employed to construct a prognostic signature. Moreover, GSE30219 and GSE31210 were used as independent validation. We also constructed a lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory axis with several miRNA and lncRNA databases. Results: Consensus clustering identified two NETs-related clusters in LUAD. High NETs score was correlated with a favorable overall survival, abundant immune cell infiltration, and high activity of immune response signal pathways. Six NET-related genes (G0S2, KCNJ15, S100A12, AKT2, CTSG, and HMGB1) with significant prognostic value were screened to develop a prognostic signature. LUAD patients with low-risk had a significantly favorable overall survival both in the training set and validation set. Moreover, NETs-related risk score and clinical stage could act as an independent prognostic factor for LUAD patients. Significant correlation was obtained between risk score and tumor immune microenvironment. We also identified lncRNA BCYRN1/miR-3664-5p/CTSG regulatory axis that may be involved in the progression of LUAD. Conclusion: We developed two molecular subtypes and a prognostic signature for LUAD based on NETs-related genes. This stratification could provide more evidences for estimating the prognosis and immunotherapy of LAUD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Zuo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Guangyi Leng
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ping Leng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Ping Leng,
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Qiao D, Xing J, Duan Y, Wang S, Yao G, Zhang S, Jin J, Lin Z, Chen L, Piao Y. The molecular mechanism of baicalein repressing progression of gastric cancer mediating miR-7/FAK/AKT signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 100:154046. [PMID: 35306368 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Baicalein (BAI) has a significant anti-cancerous function in the treatment of gastric cancer (GC). Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a key regulatory molecule in integrin and growth factor receptor mediated signaling. MicroRNA-7 (miR-7), has been considered as a potential tumor suppressor in a variety of cancers. However, the possible mechanisms by which BAI inhibiting progression of gastric cancer mediating miR-7/FAK/AKT signaling pathway remain unclear. PURPOSE To investigate the molecular mechanism and effects of BAI inhibiting progression of gastric cancer mediating miR-7/FAK/AKT signaling pathway. METHODS Gastric cancer cell lines with FAK knockdown and overexpression were constructed by lentivirus transfection. After BAI treatment, the effects of FAK protein on proliferation, metastasis and angiogenesis of gastric cancer cells were detected by MTT, EdU, colony formation, wound healing, transwell and Matrigel tube formation assays. In vivo experiment was performed by xenograft model. Immunofluorescence and western blot assay were used to detect the effects of FAK protein on the expression levels of EMT markers and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway related proteins. qRT-PCR and luciferase reporter assay were used to clarify the targeting relationship between miR-7 and FAK. RESULTS BAI can regulate FAK to affect proliferation, metastasis and angiogenesis of gastric cancer cells through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. qRT-PCR showed BAI can upregulated the expression of miR-7 and luciferase reporter assay showed the targeting relationship between miR-7 and FAK. Additionally, miR-7 mediates cell proliferation, metastasis and angiogenesis by directly targeting FAK 3'UTR to inhibit FAK expression. CONCLUSION BAI repressing progression of gastric cancer mediating miR-7/FAK/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Qiao
- Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Key Laboratory of Pathobiology (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Research and Innovation Group of Yanbian University, Yanji, P.R. China
| | - Jian Xing
- Department of Image, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang 157011, P.R. China
| | - Yunxiao Duan
- Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Key Laboratory of Pathobiology (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Research and Innovation Group of Yanbian University, Yanji, P.R. China
| | - Shiyu Wang
- Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Key Laboratory of Pathobiology (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Research and Innovation Group of Yanbian University, Yanji, P.R. China
| | - Guangyuan Yao
- Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Key Laboratory of Pathobiology (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Research and Innovation Group of Yanbian University, Yanji, P.R. China
| | - Shengjun Zhang
- Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Key Laboratory of Pathobiology (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Research and Innovation Group of Yanbian University, Yanji, P.R. China
| | - Jingchun Jin
- Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Key Laboratory of Pathobiology (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Research and Innovation Group of Yanbian University, Yanji, P.R. China; Department of Internal Medicine of Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji 133000, P.R. China
| | - Zhenhua Lin
- Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Key Laboratory of Pathobiology (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Research and Innovation Group of Yanbian University, Yanji, P.R. China; Department of Internal Medicine of Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji 133000, P.R. China
| | - Liyan Chen
- Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Key Laboratory of Pathobiology (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Research and Innovation Group of Yanbian University, Yanji, P.R. China
| | - Yingshi Piao
- Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Key Laboratory of Pathobiology (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Research and Innovation Group of Yanbian University, Yanji, P.R. China.
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Ma B, Shao H, Jiang X, Wang Z, Wu C(C, Whaley D, Wells A. Akt isoforms differentially provide for chemoresistance in prostate cancer. Cancer Biol Med 2021; 19:j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0747. [PMID: 34591413 PMCID: PMC9196054 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Early prostate cancer micrometastatic foci undergo a mesenchymal to epithelial reverting transition, not only aiding seeding and colonization, but also rendering the tumor cells generally chemoresistant. We previously found that upregulated E-cadherin in the epithelial micrometastases activated canonical survival pathways, including PI3K-Akt, that protected the tumor cells from death; however, the extent of protection from blocking the pathway in its entirety was modest, because different isoforms may have alternately affected cell functioning. Here, we characterized Akt isoform expressions in primary and metastatic prostate cancers, as well as their individual contributions to chemoresistance. METHODS Akt isoforms and E-cadherin were manipulated with drugs, knocked down, and over expressed. Tumor cell killing was determined in vitro and in vivo. Overall survival was calculated from patient records and specimens. RESULTS Pan-Akt inhibition sensitized tumor cells to chemotherapy, and specific blockade of Akt1 or/and Akt2 caused cells to be more chemoresponsive. Overexpression of Akt3 induced apoptosis. A low dose of Akt1 or Akt2 inhibitor enabled standard chemotherapies to significantly eradicate metastatic prostate tumors in a mouse model, acting as chemosensitizers. In human specimens, we found Akt1 and Akt2 positively correlated, whereas Akt3 inversely correlated, with the overall survival of prostate cancer patients. Akt1high/Akt2high/Akt3low tumors had the worst outcomes. CONCLUSIONS E-cadherin-induced activation of Akt1/2 isoforms was the essential mechanism of chemoresistance, whereas Akt3 made cells more fragile. These findings emphasized the need to target Akt1/2, rather than pan-Akt, as a rational therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ma
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Pittsburgh VA Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Hanshuang Shao
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Pittsburgh VA Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Xia Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Zhou Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
| | - Chuanyue (Cary) Wu
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Diana Whaley
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Pittsburgh VA Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Alan Wells
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Pittsburgh VA Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
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Shu X, Zhan PP, Sun LX, Yu L, Liu J, Sun LC, Yang ZH, Ran YL, Sun YM. BCAT1 Activates PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway and Contributes to the Angiogenesis and Tumorigenicity of Gastric Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:659260. [PMID: 34164393 PMCID: PMC8215359 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.659260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Focusing on antiangiogenesis may provide promising choices for treatment of gastric cancer (GC). This study aimed to investigate the mechanistic role of BCAT1 in the pathogenesis of GC, particularly in angiogenesis. METHODS Bioinformatics and clinical samples analysis were used to investigate the expression and potential mechanism of BCAT1 in GC. BGC823 cells with BCAT1 overexpression or silencing were induced by lentiviral transduction. Cell phenotypes and angiogenesis were evaluated. The relevant proteins were quantized by Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, or immunofluorescence. Xenograft models were constructed to confirm the role of BCAT1 in vivo. RESULTS BCAT1 was overexpressed in GC patients and associated with lower survival. BCAT1 expression was correlated with proliferation-, invasion-, or angiogenesis-related markers expression and pathways. Silencing BCAT1 expression suppressed cell viability, colony formation, cycle progression, invasion, and angiogenesis of BGC823 cells, as well as the tumor growth of xenograft models, whereas overexpressing BCAT1 had the opposite results both in vitro and in vivo. Bioinformatics analysis and Western blotting demonstrated that BCAT1 activated the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. The addition of LY294002 reversed the tumor growth induced by BCAT1 overexpression, further verifying this mechanism. CONCLUSION BCAT1 might act as an oncogene by facilitating proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis through activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. This finding could aid the optimization of antiangiogenesis strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Shu
- Laboratory of Molecular Orthopedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing Research Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Beijing, China
| | - Pan-Pan Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Xin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Long Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Chao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Liang Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue-Min Sun
- Department of Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Khatpe AS, Adebayo AK, Herodotou CA, Kumar B, Nakshatri H. Nexus between PI3K/AKT and Estrogen Receptor Signaling in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:369. [PMID: 33498407 PMCID: PMC7864210 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Signaling from estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and its ligand estradiol (E2) is critical for growth of ≈70% of breast cancers. Therefore, several drugs that inhibit ERα functions have been in clinical use for decades and new classes of anti-estrogens are continuously being developed. Although a significant number of ERα+ breast cancers respond to anti-estrogen therapy, ≈30% of these breast cancers recur, sometimes even after 20 years of initial diagnosis. Mechanism of resistance to anti-estrogens is one of the intensely studied disciplines in breast cancer. Several mechanisms have been proposed including mutations in ESR1, crosstalk between growth factor and ERα signaling, and interplay between cell cycle machinery and ERα signaling. ESR1 mutations as well as crosstalk with other signaling networks lead to ligand independent activation of ERα thus rendering anti-estrogens ineffective, particularly when treatment involved anti-estrogens that do not degrade ERα. As a result of these studies, several therapies that combine anti-estrogens that degrade ERα with PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors targeting growth factor signaling or CDK4/6 inhibitors targeting cell cycle machinery are used clinically to treat recurrent ERα+ breast cancers. In this review, we discuss the nexus between ERα-PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways and how understanding of this nexus has helped to develop combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi S. Khatpe
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (A.S.K.); (A.K.A.); (C.A.H.); (B.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Adedeji K. Adebayo
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (A.S.K.); (A.K.A.); (C.A.H.); (B.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Christopher A. Herodotou
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (A.S.K.); (A.K.A.); (C.A.H.); (B.K.)
| | - Brijesh Kumar
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (A.S.K.); (A.K.A.); (C.A.H.); (B.K.)
| | - Harikrishna Nakshatri
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (A.S.K.); (A.K.A.); (C.A.H.); (B.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- VA Roudebush Medical Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Xie X, Zu X, Laster K, Dong Z, Kim DJ. 2,6-DMBQ suppresses cell proliferation and migration via inhibiting mTOR/AKT and p38 MAPK signaling pathways in NSCLC cells. J Pharmacol Sci 2021; 145:279-288. [PMID: 33602509 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
2,6-Dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone (2,6-DMBQ) is the major bioactive compound found in fermented wheat germ extract. Although fermented wheat germ extract has been reported to show anti-proliferative and anti-metabolic effects in various cancers, the anticancer potential and molecular mechanisms exerted by 2,6-DMBQ have not been investigated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Here, we report that 2,6-DMBQ suppresses NSCLC cell growth and migration through inhibiting activation of AKT and p38 MAPK. 2,6-DMBQ significantly suppressed anchorage-dependent and independent cell growth. Additionally, 2,6-DMBQ induced G2 phase cell cycle arrest through inhibiting the expression and phosphorylation of cyclin B1 and CDC2, respectively. Furthermore, 2,6-DMBQ strongly suppressed NSCLC cell migration through induction of E-cadherin expression. To determine the molecular mechanism(s) exerted by 2,6-DMBQ upon NSCLC cell lines, various signaling kinases were screened; the results indicate that 2,6-DMBQ strongly inhibits the phosphorylation of AKT and p38 MAPK. Additionally, the growth kinetics of cells treated with an AKT or p38 MAPK inhibitor in combination with 2,6-DMBQ indicate that 2,6-DMBQ suppresses NSCLC cell growth and migration through inhibition of AKT and p38 MAPK. Taken together, our results suggest that 2,6-DMBQ is a potential anticancer reagent against NSCLC cells and could be useful for treating lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Xie
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450008, China; China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450008, China
| | - Xueyin Zu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450008, China; China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450008, China
| | - Kyle Laster
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450008, China
| | - Zigang Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450008, China; China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450008, China; The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450008, China; The Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450008, China; International Joint Research Center of Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dong Joon Kim
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450008, China; China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450008, China; The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450008, China.
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9
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Lin W, Ji J, Zhu Y, Li M, Zhao J, Xue F, Yuan Z. PMINR: Pointwise Mutual Information-Based Network Regression - With Application to Studies of Lung Cancer and Alzheimer's Disease. Front Genet 2020; 11:556259. [PMID: 33193633 PMCID: PMC7594515 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.556259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex diseases are believed to be the consequence of intracellular network(s) involving a range of factors. An improved understanding of a disease-predisposing biological network could lead to better identification of genes and pathways that confer disease risk and therefore inform drug development. The group difference in biological networks, as is often characterized by graphs of nodes and edges, is attributable to effects of these nodes and edges. Here we introduced pointwise mutual information (PMI) as a measure of the connection between a pair of nodes with either a linear relationship or nonlinear dependence. We then proposed a PMI-based network regression (PMINR) model to differentiate patterns of network changes (in node or edge) linking a disease outcome. Through simulation studies with various sample sizes and inter-node correlation structures, we showed that PMINR can accurately identify these changes with higher power than current methods and be robust to the network topology. Finally, we illustrated, with publicly available data on lung cancer and gene methylation data on aging and Alzheimer’s disease, an evaluation of the practical performance of PMINR. We concluded that PMI is able to capture the generic inter-node correlation pattern in biological networks, and PMINR is a powerful and efficient approach for biological network analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqiang Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiadong Ji
- Department of Data Science, School of Statistics, Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Jinan, China
| | - Yuchen Zhu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mingzhuo Li
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jinghua Zhao
- Cardiovasucular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Fuzhong Xue
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhongshang Yuan
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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10
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AKT2 drives cancer progression and is negatively modulated by miR-124 in human lung adenocarcinoma. Respir Res 2020; 21:227. [PMID: 32873299 PMCID: PMC7466426 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-020-01491-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AKT2 is highly expressed in many human cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Accumulating evidence has also revealed that AKT2 can promote NSCLC cell proliferation and metastasis. However, the involved mechanism remains unclear. Herein, our study mainly explored the function of AKT2 during cancer progression and uncovered a new post-transcriptional mechanism of AKT2 expression in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). METHODS Quantitative real-time (qRT-PCR), western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays were performed to detect the expression of AKT2 and other proteins. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation and EdU assays were performed to assess cell proliferation. Flow cytometry analysis was used to detect changes in the cell cycle and apoptosis. Transwell assays were used to evaluate cell migration and invasion. Additionally, a luciferase reporter assay and western blotting were employed to assess miR-124 targeting of AKT2. Xenograft mouse model was used to observe the role of miR-124/AKT2 axis on the occurrence and development of LUAD. RESULTS We showed that AKT2 was highly expressed in NSCLC tissues and closely related to the poor prognosis of LUAD patients. Moreover, AKT2 affected LUAD cell proliferation, migration and invasion by regulating the cell cycle and promoting the occurrence of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). In addition, we demonstrated that miR-124 overexpression downregulated AKT2 expression by binding to the 3'-untranslated region (3'- UTR) of AKT2 and thus inhibited the occurrence and development of LUAD in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that miR-124 overexpression can negatively regulate AKT2 and thus inhibit the progression of LUAD. Therefore, the miR-124/AKT2 axis may serve as a potential target for novel therapies for LUAD.
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Identification of an Immune Gene Expression Signature for Predicting Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Prognosis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:5024942. [PMID: 32802850 PMCID: PMC7338973 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5024942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence indicates that immune-related biomarkers play an important role in tumor processes. This study investigates immune-related gene expression and its prognostic value in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). A cohort of 493 samples of patients with LUSC was collected and analyzed from data generated by the TCGA Research Network and ImmPort database. The R coxph package was employed to mine significant immune-related genes using univariate analysis. Lasso and stepwise regression analyses were used to construct the LUSC prognosis prediction model, and clusterProfiler was used for gene functional annotation and enrichment analysis. The Kaplan-Meier analysis and ROC were used to evaluate the model efficiency in predicting and classifying LUSC case prognoses. We identified 14 immune-related genes to incorporate into our prognosis model. The patients were divided into two subgroups (Risk-H and Risk-L) according to their risk score values. Compared to Risk-L patients, Risk-H patients showed significantly improved overall survival (OS) in both training and testing sets. Functional annotation indicated that the 14 identified genes were mainly enriched in several immune-related pathways. Our results also revealed that a risk score value was correlated with various signaling pathways, such as the JAK-STA signaling pathway. Establishment of a nomogram for clinical application demonstrated that our immune-related model exhibited good predictive prognostic performance. Our predictive prognosis model based on immune signatures has potential clinical implications for assessing the overall survival and precise treatment for patients with LUSC.
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Li W, Ge J, Xie J, Yang J, Chen J, He T. LncRNA TUG1 Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Migration and Invasion Via Targeting miR-137/AKT2 Axis. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2020; 36:850-862. [PMID: 32589479 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2019.3297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The current study aimed to investigate the effects of TUG1 on the migration and invasion of hepatoma cells. Materials and Methods: The expressions of TUG1, miR-137, and AKT2 were detected in hepatoma tissues and cells by performing quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The correlations among TUG1, miR-137, and AKT2 were predicted by bioinformatics analysis and confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay, and Pearson test was performed to analyze their relevance. The effects of TUG1, miR-137, and AKT2 on viability, migration, and invasion of transfected hepatoma cells were detected by CCK-8, wound scratch, and Transwell. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related protein levels were determined by western blot and qRT-PCR. Results: TUG1 was highly expressed in hepatoma tissues and cells. Silencing TUG1 expression inhibited the viability, migration, and invasion of hepatoma cells. TUG1 targeted miR-137 and the two was negatively correlated, and silencing TUG1 expression inhibited the effects of low-expressed miR-137 on promoting proliferation, migration, and invasion of hepatoma cells. AKT2 was predicted to be the target gene for miR-137, and the two were negatively correlated. Moreover, inhibiting miR-137 expression promoted the expression of MMP2, MMP9, and N-cadherin and inhibited E-cadherin expression, while silencing TUG1 expression reversed the effects of low-expressed miR-137 on EMT-related protein levels. Conclusion: LncRNA TUG1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma migration and invasion through targeting miR-137/AKT2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Vascular Intervention, Jingmen No.2 People's Hospital, Jingmen, China
| | - Jinzhao Ge
- Department of Interventional Medicine, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, China
| | - Jinju Xie
- Department of Vascular Intervention, Jingmen No.2 People's Hospital, Jingmen, China
| | - Jidong Yang
- Department of Vascular Intervention, Jingmen No.2 People's Hospital, Jingmen, China
| | - Jin'e Chen
- Department of Vascular Intervention, Jingmen No.2 People's Hospital, Jingmen, China
| | - Tao He
- Department of Interventional Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Huaihua, Huaihua, China
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Anitha R, Subashini R, Senthil Kumar P. In silico and in vitro approaches to evaluate the bioactivity of Cassia auriculata L extracts. IET Nanobiotechnol 2020; 14:210-216. [PMID: 32338629 PMCID: PMC8676251 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2019.0364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study is an attempt to evaluate the in vitro anti-inflammatory and in silico anticancer potentials of the plant Cassia auriculata (CA). The aerial parts of CA were subjected to solvent extraction, and the extracts were fractionised by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry analysis for its phytochemical content. The antiinflammatory activity of the extracts were confirmed by the IC50 value of 125.02 µg/ml for red blood cell membrane stabilisation and 195.7 µg/ml for inhibition of protein denaturation activity. The interaction of bioactive compounds of CA ethanol extract with target protein was predicted through molecular docking studies, serine/threonine-protein kinase B (AKT1), responsible for development and progression of lung cancer using AutoDock tools. Extensive studies have been carried out on a range of kinase inhibitors targeting Akt, but obtaining promising results is a challenge yet due to its toxicity and resistance issues. Yohimbine, undecanoic acid 10-methyl-ethyl ester and chrysin significantly bind to the target protein with least binding energy. Hence, the present paper establishes the anti-inflammatory and anticancer capacities of CA ethanol extract as an alternative to the existing therapeutic approach to inflammation and cancer through a systematic in vitro and in silico approaches supplementing the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajagopal Anitha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, SSN College of Engineering, Kalavakkam 603 110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajakannu Subashini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, SSN College of Engineering, Kalavakkam 603 110, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Ponnusamy Senthil Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SSN College of Engineering, Kalavakkam 603 110, Tamil Nadu, India
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Xie M, Zhang Z, Cui Y. Long Noncoding RNA SNHG1 Contributes to the Promotion of Prostate Cancer Cells Through Regulating miR-377-3p/AKT2 Axis. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2020; 35:109-119. [PMID: 32077748 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2019.3177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Long noncoding RNAs could serve as a candidate target for prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis and treatment. The current study aimed to investigate the role and functions of SNHG1 in PCa cells. Materials and Methods: Abnormal expression of SNHG1, survival analysis, and target gene were determined or predicted by bioinformatics techniques. Gene expressions at transcriptional and translational levels were determined by Quantitative Real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Cell viability, growth, and apoptosis rate were detected by Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation assay and flow cytometry. Results: The results showed that SNHG1 was highly expressed in PCa tissues, which was accompanied by decreased miR-377-3p expression and poor overall survival rate, and that miR-377-3p was predicted as the target of SNHG1 in PCa cells. Moreover, SNHG1 counteracted the effects of miR-377-3p on inhibiting cell growth and promoting apoptosis of PCa cells. Furthermore, miR-377-3p counteracted the effects of AKT2 on promoting cell viability, growth, and suppressing apoptosis of PCa cells. In addition, AKT2 expression was proved to be regulated by miR-377-3p. Conclusions: The SNHG1/miR-377-3p/AKT2 regulatory axis in PCa cells was disclosed. The upregulated AKT2 might be a result of dysregulated interaction balance between the expressions of miR-377-3p and SNHG1. Based on such discoveries, the intervention of SNHG1/miR-377-3p/AKT2 axis could be further explored in the treatment of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Xie
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao, Yantai, China
| | - Zhiyu Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao, Yantai, China
| | - Yupeng Cui
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao, Yantai, China
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Wu SQ, He HQ, Kang Y, Xu R, Zhang L, Zhao XK, Zhu X. MicroRNA-200c affects bladder cancer angiogenesis by regulating the Akt2/mTOR/HIF-1 axis. Transl Cancer Res 2019; 8:2713-2724. [PMID: 35117029 PMCID: PMC8798978 DOI: 10.21037/tcr.2019.10.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Bladder cancer is one of the most frequent urologic tumours in the world. MicroRNA-200c (miR-200c) has been considered a regulator of tumour angiogenesis. Akt2/mTOR was considered a regulator of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α). However, the mechanism by which miR-200c regulates bladder cancer angiogenesis remains unknown. Methods Western blotting and qRT-PCR were used to detect the expression of protein and mRNA, respectively. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion were detected using MTT, wound-healing and transwell assays, respectively. A dual luciferase reporter assay was used to identify the binding site between miR-200c and Akt2. A tube formation assay was also applied to detect the angiogenesis ability. Results Significantly higher expression levels of HIF-1α and VEGF and lower levels of miR-200c were observed in three types of bladder cancer cell lines. Transfection with the miR-200c mimic markedly inhibited cell viability, angiogenesis, and the expression of VEGF and HIF-1α. Overexpression of miR-200c remarkably suppressed the expression of Akt2, and the binding site between them was identified. Knockdown of Akt2 remarkably decreased the expression of VEGF and HIF-1α by regulating mTOR. miR-200c influenced the expression of VEGF and HIF-1α through the Akt2/mTOR signalling pathway and further regulated angiogenesis in bladder cancer cells. Conclusions We proved that miR-200c could suppress HIF-1α/VEGF expression in bladder cancer cells and inhibit angiogenesis, and these regulations were achieved by targeting Akt2/mTOR. This study may provide new insight into the prevention and treatment of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shui-Qing Wu
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Hai-Qing He
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Ye Kang
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Ran Xu
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Xiao-Kun Zhao
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Xuan Zhu
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
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PTEN loss regulates alveolar epithelial cell senescence in pulmonary fibrosis depending on Akt activation. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:7492-7509. [PMID: 31527305 PMCID: PMC6781970 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an aging-associated disease with poor prognosis. The mechanisms underlying the role of alveolar epithelial cell (AEC) senescence in IPF remain poorly understood. We aimed to investigate if PTEN/Akt activates AEC senescence to induce pulmonary fibrosis. We investigated the association between PTEN/Akt and cellular senescence in lung tissues from IPF patients. As a result, decreased PTEN and activated Akt pathway were found in AECs in fibrotic lung tissues detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence (IF). Increased expression levels of aging-associated markers (P21WAF1 and SA-β-gal) in AECs treated with bleomycin were found. AEC senescence was accelerated by PTEN knockdown and attenuated by PTEN overexpression. Bleomycin induced AEC senescence was reversed by Akt2 knockdown and the pharmacological inhibitors (LY294002 and MK2206) of the Akt pathway. Reducing Akt activation dramatically improved lung fibrosis in a fibrotic mice model. In addition, a co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) assay demonstrated that PTEN physically associated with Akt. These indicated that senescent AECs modulated by the PTEN/Akt pathway promote lung fibrosis. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that as a trigger indicator in IPF, the senescence process in AECs should be a potential therapeutic target and that the PTEN/Akt pathway may be a promising candidate for intervention.
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Pivotal Role of AKT2 during Dynamic Phenotypic Change of Breast Cancer Stem Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11081058. [PMID: 31357505 PMCID: PMC6721305 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11081058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic resistance seen in aggressive forms of breast cancer remains challenging for current treatments. More than half of the patients suffer from a disease relapse, most of them with distant metastases. Cancer maintenance, resistance to therapy, and metastatic disease seem to be sustained by the presence of cancer stem cells (CSC) within a tumor. The difficulty in targeting this subpopulation derives from their dynamic interconversion process, where CSC can differentiate to non-CSC, which in turn de-differentiate into cells with CSC properties. Using fluorescent CSC models driven by the expression of ALDH1A 1(aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1), we confirmed this dynamic phenotypic change in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and to identify Serine/Threonine Kinase 2 (AKT2) as an important player in the process. To confirm the central role of AKT2, we silenced AKT2 expression via small interfering RNA and using a chemical inhibitor (CCT128930), in both CSC and non-CSC from different cancer cell lines. Our results revealed that AKT2 inhibition effectively prevents non-CSC reversion through mesenchymal to epithelial transition, reducing invasion and colony formation ability of both, non-CSC and CSC. Further, AKT2 inhibition reduced CSC survival in low attachment conditions. Interestingly, in orthotopic tumor mouse models, high expression levels of AKT2 were detected in circulating tumor cells (CTC). These findings suggest AKT2 as a promising target for future anti-cancer therapies at three important levels: (i) Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) reversion and maintenance of CSC subpopulation in primary tumors, (ii) reduction of CTC and the likelihood of metastatic spread, and (iii) prevention of tumor recurrence through inhibition of CSC tumorigenic and metastatic potential.
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Roy NK, Monisha J, Padmavathi G, Lalhruaitluanga H, Kumar NS, Singh AK, Bordoloi D, Baruah MN, Ahmed GN, Longkumar I, Arfuso F, Kumar AP, Kunnumakkara AB. Isoform-Specific Role of Akt in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E253. [PMID: 31252679 PMCID: PMC6681224 DOI: 10.3390/biom9070253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase B (Akt) plays a very significant role in various cancers including oral cancer. However, it has three isoforms (Akt1, Akt2, and Akt3) and they perform distinct functions and even play contrasting roles in different cancers. Therefore, it becomes essential to evaluate the isoform-specific role of Akt in oral cancer. In the present study, an attempt has been made to elucidate the isoform-specific role of Akt in oral cancer. The immunohistochemical analysis of oral cancer tissues showed an overexpression of Akt1 and 2 isoforms but not Akt3. Moreover, the dataset of "The Cancer Genome Atlas" for head and neck cancer has suggested the genetic alterations of Akt1 and 2 tend to be associated with the utmost poor clinical outcome in oral cancer. Further, treatment of oral cancer cells with tobacco and its components such as benzo(a)pyrene and nicotine caused increased mRNA levels of Akt1 and 2 isoforms and also enhanced the aggressiveness of oral cancer cells in terms of proliferation, and clonogenic and migration potential. Finally, silencing of Akt1 and 2 isoforms caused decreased cell survival and induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. Akt1/2 silencing also reduced tobacco-induced aggressiveness by decreasing the clonogenic and migration potential of oral cancer cells. Moreover, silencing of Akt1 and 2 isoforms was found to decrease the expression of proteins regulating cancer cell survival and proliferation such as cyclooxygenase-2, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), cyclin D1, and survivin. Thus, the important role of Akt1 and 2 isoforms have been elucidated in oral cancer with in-depth mechanistic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nand Kishor Roy
- Cancer Biology Laboratory & DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Javadi Monisha
- Cancer Biology Laboratory & DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Ganesan Padmavathi
- Cancer Biology Laboratory & DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - H Lalhruaitluanga
- Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram 796 004, India
| | | | - Anuj Kumar Singh
- Cancer Biology Laboratory & DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Devivasha Bordoloi
- Cancer Biology Laboratory & DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | | | - Gazi Naseem Ahmed
- North-East Cancer Hospital and Research Institute, Guwahati, Assam 781023, India
| | - Imliwati Longkumar
- North-East Cancer Hospital and Research Institute, Guwahati, Assam 781023, India
| | - Frank Arfuso
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Medical Science Cluster, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory & DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
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Jiang J, Chen Y, Dong T, Yue M, Zhang Y, An T, Zhang J, Liu P, Yang X. Polydatin inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma via the AKT/STAT3-FOXO1 signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:4505-4513. [PMID: 30944640 PMCID: PMC6444395 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polydatin, extracted from Polygonum cuspidatum, is known for its anti-platelet aggregation and anti-inflammatory effects. However, studies on the association of polydatin with cancer are limited, particularly with regards to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated migration and invasion of cancer cells. The purpose of the present study was to reveal the potential anticancer effects of polydatin on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, particularly its effects on EMT. MTT assay was used to determine cell viability. Migration and invasion were evaluated through wound healing and transwell assays. Colony formation efficiency assay was conducted to detect proliferation. Flow cytometric analyses of apoptosis and cell cycle progression were performed following cells staining with Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)/propidium iodide (PI) and PI alone, respectively. Western blotting was used to investigate relevant molecular mechanisms. The results indicated that polydatin inhibited proliferation via G2/M arrest, suppressed migration and invasion of HCC cells, and promoted their apoptosis. In addition, phosphorylated (p)-protein kinase B (AKT), p-Janus kinase 1 and p-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) levels were decreased as polydatin concentrations increased, and forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) expression was upregulated. Furthermore, the expression levels of various markers of EMT were reversed following treatment with polydatin. In conclusion, the present study validated that polydatin may inhibit proliferation via G2/M arrest, and suppressed EMT-associated migration and invasion of HCC cells. The results also suggested that polydatin may promote HCC cell apoptosis by blocking the AKT/STAT3-FOXO1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Jiang
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Yaodong Chen
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Tianxiu Dong
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Minlu Yue
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Tingting An
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Jiuwei Zhang
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Xiuhua Yang
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
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Qian FH, Deng X, Zhuang QX, Wei B, Zheng DD. miR‑625‑5p suppresses inflammatory responses by targeting AKT2 in human bronchial epithelial cells. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:1951-1957. [PMID: 30628701 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a common chronic inflammatory airway disease; however, whether microRNAs (miRs) could be used in the treatment of asthma remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of miR‑625‑5p in the inflammatory response of human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs). Inflammation in the HBEC line, 16HBEC, was induced using different concentrations of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which demonstrated that 1 µg/ml LPS was an appropriate concentration for further experiments. The association between protein kinase B2 (AKT2) and miR‑625‑5p was verified using a luciferase reporter assay. LPS was added to 16HBECs following the administration of miR‑625‑5p mimics or miR‑625‑5p inhibitors, and cells with silenced or overexpressed AKT2 levels. miR‑625‑5p was expressed at a high level in LPS‑activated 16HBECs. Overexpression of miR‑625‑5p inhibited interleukin (IL)‑6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‑α secretion in 16HBECs. Inhibition of miR‑625‑5p enhanced LPS‑induced IL‑6 and TNF‑α secretion. miR‑625‑5p negatively regulated the expression of AKT2 in 16HBECs. A dual‑luciferase reporter assay system confirmed that miR‑625‑5p directly targeted the 3'untranslated region of AKT2. Transfection with a small interfering RNA against AKT2 inhibited inhibitor of κB phosphorylation. In brief, miR‑625‑5p may protect LPS‑induced HBECs by targeting AKT2 and inhibiting the nuclear factor‑κB signaling pathway. Therefore, miR‑625‑5p may function as an inhibitor of asthma airway inflammation in HBECs by targeting AKT2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen-Hong Qian
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212000, P.R. China
| | - Xia Deng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212000, P.R. China
| | - Qiong-Xin Zhuang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212000, P.R. China
| | - Bin Wei
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212000, P.R. China
| | - Dan-Dan Zheng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212000, P.R. China
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Wang F, Liu J, Zou Y, Jiao Y, Huang Y, Fan L, Li X, Yu H, He C, Wei W, Wang H, Sun G. MicroRNA-143-3p, up-regulated in H. pylori-positive gastric cancer, suppresses tumor growth, migration and invasion by directly targeting AKT2. Oncotarget 2018; 8:28711-28724. [PMID: 28404925 PMCID: PMC5438685 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies have suggested a protective role for H. pylori infection in the prognosis of gastric cancer. Based on those findings, we hypothesized that H. pylori-positive and -negative gastric cancers may exhibit different growth patterns and pathobiological behaviors, indicating different mechanisms of cancer progression. By microarray analysis, we studied miRNAs expression profiles in 42 gastric cancer patients, comparing 21 H. pylori-positive and 21 H. pylori-negative groups. Luciferase reporter assay and western blot were used to examine the potential target genes of the interested miRNA. In the present study, 53 miRNAs were significantly differentially expressed in H. pylori-positive and -negative gastric cancer tissues. We investigated the expression and function of one candidate, miR-143-3p, which was the most significantly increased miRNA in H. pylori-positive gastric cancer tissues. We observed that miR-143-3p expression was significantly decreased in gastric cancer tissues and cells, which correlated with late stage and lymph node metastasis. Using gain- and loss-of-function experiments in vitro, we demonstrate that miR-143-3p negatively regulated cell growth, apoptosis, migration and invasion. We further characterized AKT2 as a novel direct target of miR-143-3p. Knockdown of AKT2 expression mimicked the effects of miR-143-3p restoration. In conclusion, our data suggest that miR-143-3p acts as a novel tumor suppressive miRNA by regulating tumor growth, migration and invasion through directly targeting AKT2 gene. Further investigation is warranted to characterize the mechanisms underlying gastric cancer progression and may eventually contribute to its therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Jiatao Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China.,Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Yanfeng Zou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yang Jiao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Yawei Huang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Lulu Fan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Hanqing Yu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Chengqun He
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Guoping Sun
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
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22
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Shin KM, Hong MJ, Lee SY, Jin CC, Baek SA, Lee JH, Choi JE, Kang HG, Lee WK, Seok Y, Lee EB, Jeong JY, Yoo SS, Lee J, Cha SI, Kim CH, Kim YC, Oh IJ, Na KJ, Cho S, Jheon S, Park JY. Regulatory variants in cancer-related pathway genes predict survival of patients with surgically resected non-small cell lung cancer. Gene 2017; 646:56-63. [PMID: 29289609 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.12.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We conducted this study to identify genetic variants in cancer-related pathway genes which can predict prognosis of NSCLC patients after surgery, using a comprehensive list of regulatory single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) prioritized by RegulomeDB. METHOD A total of 509 potentially functional SNPs in cancer-related pathway genes selected from RegulomeDB were evaluated. These SNPs were analyzed in a discovery set (n=354), and a replication study was performed in an independent set (n=772). The association of the SNPs with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were analyzed. RESULTS In the discovery set, 76 SNPs were significantly associated with OS or DFS. Among the 76 SNPs, the association was consistently observed for 5 SNPs (ERCC1 rs2298881C>A, BRCA2 rs3092989G>A, NELFE rs440454C>T, PPP2R4 rs2541164G>A, and LTBP4 rs3786527G>A) in the validation set. In combined analysis, ERCC1 rs2298881C>A, BRCA2 rs3092989, NELFE rs440454C>T, and PPP2R4 rs2541164G>A were significantly associated with OS and DFS (adjusted HR ·aHR· for OS=1.46, 0.62, 078, and 0.76, respectively; P=0.003, 0.002, 0.007, and 0.003 respectively; and aHR for DFS=1.27, 0.69, 0.86, and 0.82, respectively; P=0.02, 0.002, 0.03, and 0.008, respectively). The LTBP4 rs3786527G>A was significantly associated with better OS (aHR=0.75; P=0.003). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that five SNPs in the cancer-related pathway genes may be useful for the prediction of the prognosis in patients with surgically resected NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Min Shin
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Jeong Hong
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin Yup Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Lung Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheng Cheng Jin
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Ah Baek
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Hyuck Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Eun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Gyoung Kang
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Kee Lee
- Biostatistics, Medical Research Collaboration Center in Kyungpook National University Hospital and Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yangki Seok
- Lung Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Department of Thoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Eung Bae Lee
- Lung Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Department of Thoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yun Jeong
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Soo Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Lung Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehee Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ick Cha
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Ho Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Chul Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
| | - In Jae Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
| | - Kook Joo Na
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukki Cho
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghoon Jheon
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yong Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Lung Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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23
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Othman N, Nagoor NH. miR-608 regulates apoptosis in human lung adenocarcinoma via regulation of AKT2. Int J Oncol 2017; 51:1757-1764. [PMID: 29075783 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer remains a major health problem with a low 5-year survival rate of patients. Recent studies have shown that dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) are prevalent in lung cancer and these aberrations play a significant role in the progression of tumour progression. In the present study, bioinformatics analyses was employed to predict potential miR-608 targets, which are associated with signaling pathways involved in cancer. Luciferase reporter assay identified AKT2 as a novel target of miR-608, and suppression of its protein levels was validated through western blot analysis. Zebrafish embryos were microinjected with cells transfected with miR-608 to elucidate the role of miR-608 in vivo, and immunostained with antibodies to detect activated caspase-3. We present the first evidence that miR-608 behaves as a tumour suppressor in A549 and SK-LU-1 cells through the regulation of AKT2, suggesting that selective targeting of AKT2 via miR-608 may be developed as a potential therapeutic strategy for miRNA-based non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norahayu Othman
- Institute of Biological Sciences (Genetics and Molecular Biology), Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Noor Hasima Nagoor
- Institute of Biological Sciences (Genetics and Molecular Biology), Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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24
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Liu Y, Zhu ST, Wang X, Deng J, Li WH, Zhang P, Liu BS. MiR-200c regulates tumor growth and chemosensitivity to cisplatin in osteosarcoma by targeting AKT2. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13598. [PMID: 29051585 PMCID: PMC5648776 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14088-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) expression aberration has been discovered in almost all human cancers, thus offering a group of potential diagnostic markers, prognostic factors and therapeutic targets in tumorigenesis. Now our data showed that miR-200c, which is downregulated in osteosarcoma tissues, drives chemosensitivity to cisplatin in osteosarcoma. We demonstrated that AKT2 is a direct target of miR-200c, Spearman’s rank correlation analysis showed that the expression levels of AKT2 and miR-200c in 35 pairs of osteosarcoma specimens were inversely correlated. Moreover, miR-200c inhibited cell proliferation and cell migration. Taken together, for the first time, our results demonstrate that miR-200c plays a significant role in osteosarcoma tumor growth and chemosensitivity by regulating AKT2, which may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Orthopedic, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Baobei Road 8, 475000, Kaifeng, Henan, China.
| | - Shu-Tao Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Baobei Road 8, 475000, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Orthopedic, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Baobei Road 8, 475000, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Jun Deng
- Department of Orthopedic, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Baobei Road 8, 475000, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Wei-Hua Li
- Department of Orthopedic, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Baobei Road 8, 475000, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Baobei Road 8, 475000, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Bing-Shan Liu
- Department of Orthopedic, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Baobei Road 8, 475000, Kaifeng, Henan, China
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25
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Bi L, Yan X, Yang Y, Qian L, Tian Y, Mao JH, Chen W. The component formula of Salvia miltiorrhiza and Panax ginseng induces apoptosis and inhibits cell invasion and migration through targeting PTEN in lung cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:101599-101613. [PMID: 29254189 PMCID: PMC5731899 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer still remains the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. It is an urgent need for development of novel therapeutic agents to improve current treatment of this disease. Here we investigate whether the effective component formula of traditional Chinese Medicine could serve as new potential therapeutic drugs to treat lung cancer. We optimize the most effective component formula of Salvia miltiorrhiza and Panax Ginseng (FMG), which is composed of Salvianolic acid A, 20(S)-Ginsenoside and Ginseng polysaccharide. We discovered that FMG selectively inhibited lung cancer cell proliferation and induced apoptosis but had no any cytotoxic effects on normal lung epithelial BEAS-2B cells. Moreover, FMG inhibited lung cancer cell migration and invasion. Mechanistically, we found that FMG significantly promoted p-PTEN expression and subsequently inhibited PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. The phosphatase activity of PTEN protein was increased after FMG bound to PTEN protein, indicating that PTEN is one of the FMG targeted proteins. In addition, FMG regulated expression of some marker proteins relevant to cell apoptosis, migration and invasion. Collectively, these results provide mechanistic insight into the anti-NSCLC of FMG by enhancing the phosphatase activity of PTEN, and suggest that FMG could be as a potential option for lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Bi
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.,Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaojing Yan
- Changzhou Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Ye Yang
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lei Qian
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jian-Hua Mao
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Weiping Chen
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
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26
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Qin CD, Ma DN, Ren ZG, Zhu XD, Wang CH, Wang YC, Ye BG, Cao MQ, Gao DM, Tang ZY. Astragaloside IV inhibits metastasis in hepatoma cells through the suppression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway. Oncol Rep 2017; 37:1725-1735. [PMID: 28112375 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies demonstrated that traditional Chinese herbal medicine 'Songyou Yin' inhibited the growth and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, and altered epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers in oxaliplatin‑treated HCC tissues and cell lines. In the present study, we aimed to explore whether astragaloside IV (AS-IV), a component of 'Songyou Yin', can affect the growth and invasion of HCC cells and the underlying mechanism involved. Human HCC cell lines Huh7 and MHCC97-H, with low and high metastatic potential, respectively, were treated with increasing doses of AS-IV. The Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), plate clone formation, Transwell, wound healing and immunofluorescence assays were used to investigate the effects of AS-IV on HCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion. The protein expression levels were analyzed by western blotting and immunofluorescence assay. The CCK-8 and plate clone formation assays showed that AS-IV had little effect on the proliferation of HCC cells in vitro. However, the Transwell and wound healing assays demonstrated that AS-IV inhibited the migration and invasion of HCC cells in a dose-dependent manner and the morphology of HCC cells was altered from spindle into oval shaped in the AS-IV pretreated groups. The upregulation of E-cadherin and downregulation of N-cadherin, vimentin, α-SMA and Slug were also observed in the AS-IV pretreated groups. Additionally, AS-IV treatment resulted in a profound decrease in the phosphorylated forms of Akt and GSK-3β, which in turn inhibited the expression of β-catenin. Thus, we conclude that AS-IV attenuates the invasive and migratory abilities of HCC cells through the inhibition of EMT by targeting the Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Dong Qin
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - De-Ning Ma
- Department of Liver Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Cancer Hospital, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Zheng-Gang Ren
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhu
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Cheng-Hao Wang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Cong Wang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Bo-Gen Ye
- Department of General Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
| | - Man-Qing Cao
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Mei Gao
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Zhao-You Tang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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27
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Um SW, Joung JG, Lee H, Kim H, Kim KT, Park J, Hayes DN, Park WY. Molecular Evolution Patterns in Metastatic Lymph Nodes Reflect the Differential Treatment Response of Advanced Primary Lung Cancer. Cancer Res 2016; 76:6568-6576. [PMID: 27634761 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-0873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tumor heterogeneity influences the clinical outcome of patients with cancer, and the diagnostic method to measure the tumor heterogeneity needs to be developed. We analyzed genomic features on pairs of primary and multiple metastatic lymph nodes from six patients with lung cancer using whole-exome sequencing and RNA sequencing. Although somatic single-nucleotide variants were shared in primary lung cancer and metastases, tumor evolution predicted by the pattern of genomic alterations was matched to anatomic location of the tumors. Four of six cases exhibited a branched clonal evolution pattern. Lymph nodes with acquired somatic variants demonstrated resistance to the cancer treatment. In this study, we demonstrated that multiple biopsies and sequencing strategies for different tumor regions are required for a comprehensive understanding of the landscape of genetic alteration and for guiding targeted therapy in advanced primary lung cancer. Cancer Res; 76(22); 6568-76. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Won Um
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Je-Gun Joung
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hojoong Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu-Tae Kim
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinha Park
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - D Neil Hayes
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Woong-Yang Park
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. .,Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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28
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Al Kubaisy E, Arafat K, De Wever O, Hassan AH, Attoub S. SMARCAD1 knockdown uncovers its role in breast cancer cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2016; 20:1035-43. [PMID: 27232533 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2016.1195059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Breast cancer is the most common cancer seen in women worldwide and breast cancer patients are at high risk of recurrence in the form of metastatic disease. Identification of genes associated with invasion and metastasis is crucial in order to develop novel anti-metastasis targeted therapy. It has been demonstrated that the DEAD-BOX helicase DP103 was implicated in breast cancer invasion and metastasis. SMARCAD1 is also a DEAD/H box-containing helicase, suggested to play a role in genetic instability. However, its involvement in cancer migration, invasion, and metastasis has never been explored. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Using two different designs of shRNA targeting SMARCAD1, we investigated the impact of SMARCAD1 knockdown on the migration, invasion, and metastasis potential of the breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231 and T47D. RESULTS We observed that SMARCAD1 knockdown in the invasive breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231, unlike in the non-invasive breast cancer cells T47D, was associated with an increased cell-cell adhesion and a significant decrease in cell migration, invasion, and metastasis due at least in part to a strong inhibition of STAT3 phosphorylation. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that SMARCAD1 is involved in breast cancer metastasis and can be a promising target for metastatic breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Al Kubaisy
- a Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine & Health Sciences , United Arab Emirates University , Al-Ain , UAE
| | - Kholoud Arafat
- a Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine & Health Sciences , United Arab Emirates University , Al-Ain , UAE
| | - Olivier De Wever
- b Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research , University Hospital , Gent , Belgium
| | - Ahmed H Hassan
- c Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine & Health Sciences , United Arab Emirates University , Al-Ain , UAE
| | - Samir Attoub
- a Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine & Health Sciences , United Arab Emirates University , Al-Ain , UAE.,d Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) , Paris , France
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29
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Zhang Y, Liu J, Wang S, Luo X, Li Y, Lv Z, Zhu J, Lin J, Ding L, Ye Q. The DEK oncogene activates VEGF expression and promotes tumor angiogenesis and growth in HIF-1α-dependent and -independent manners. Oncotarget 2016; 7:23740-56. [PMID: 26988756 PMCID: PMC5029660 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The DEK oncogene is overexpressed in various cancers and overexpression of DEK correlates with poor clinical outcome. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is the most important regulator of tumor angiogenesis, a process essential for tumor growth and metastasis. However, whether DEK enhances tumor angiogenesis remains unclear. Here, we show that DEK is a key regulator of VEGF expression and tumor angiogenesis. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, we found that DEK promoted VEGF transcription in breast cancer cells (MCF7, ZR75-1 and MDA-MB-231) by directly binding to putative DEK-responsive element (DRE) of the VEGF promoter and indirectly binding to hypoxia response element (HRE) upstream of the DRE through its interaction with the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), a master regulator of tumor angiogenesis and growth. DEK is responsible for recruitment of HIF-1α and the histone acetyltransferase p300 to the VEGF promoter. DEK-enhanced VEGF increases vascular endothelial cell proliferation, migration and tube formation as well as angiogenesis in the chick chorioallantoic membrane. DEK promotes tumor angiogenesis and growth in nude mice in HIF-1α-dependent and -independent manners. Immunohistochemical staining showed that DEK expression positively correlates with the expression of VEGF and microvessel number in 58 breast cancer patients. Our data establish DEK as a sequence-specific binding transcription factor, a novel coactivator for HIF-1α in regulation of VEGF transcription and a novel promoter of angiogenesis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis
- Biomarkers, Tumor
- Breast Neoplasms/blood supply
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Proliferation
- Chick Embryo
- Chorioallantoic Membrane/metabolism
- Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/genetics
- Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/genetics
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology
- Oncogene Proteins/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins/metabolism
- Poly-ADP-Ribose Binding Proteins/genetics
- Poly-ADP-Ribose Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Response Elements
- Signal Transduction
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/genetics
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhang
- Department of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shibin Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Luo
- Department of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Li
- First Affiliated Hospital, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaohui Lv
- Department of Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Lin
- First Affiliated Hospital, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihua Ding
- Department of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinong Ye
- Department of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
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