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Yokoyama T, Kusaka K, Mizuguchi M, Nabeshima Y, Fujiwara S. Resveratrol Derivatives Inhibit Transthyretin Fibrillization: Structural Insights into the Interactions between Resveratrol Derivatives and Transthyretin. J Med Chem 2023; 66:15511-15523. [PMID: 37910439 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Hereditary ATTR amyloidosis is a disease caused by the deposition of amyloid fibrils formed by mutated transthyretin (TTR), a protein that binds to thyroid hormone in the serum, in the organs. The development of a small molecule that binds to and stabilizes TTR is a promising strategy for the treatment of ATTR amyloidosis. In the present study, we demonstrated that the resveratrol derivatives including pterostilbene available as a dietary supplement inhibit the fibrillization of V30M-TTR to the same extent as the approved drug tafamidis. Furthermore, based on a thermodynamic and X-ray crystallographic analysis, the binding of the resveratrol derivative to TTR was shown to be enthalpy-driven, with the binding enthalpy being acquired by hydrogen bonding to S117. Moreover, direct observation of hydrogen atoms by neutron crystallography provided details of the hydrogen bond network by S117 and emphasized the importance of the CH···π interaction by L110 in the ligand binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Yokoyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0914, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Kusaka
- Neutron Industrial Application Promotion Center, Comprehensive Research Organization for Science and Society (CROSS), 162-1 Shirakata, Tokai 319-1106, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Mineyuki Mizuguchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0914, Japan
| | - Yuko Nabeshima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0914, Japan
| | - Satoru Fujiwara
- Institute for Quantum Biology, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 2-4 Shirakata, Tokai 319-1106, Ibaraki, Japan
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2
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Mizuguchi M, Yokoyama T, Okada T, Nakagawa Y, Fujii K, Nabeshima Y, Toyooka N. Benziodarone and 6-hydroxybenziodarone are potent and selective inhibitors of transthyretin amyloidogenesis. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 90:117370. [PMID: 37311373 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Transthyretin amyloidosis is a progressive systemic disorder that is caused by the amyloid deposition of transthyretin in various organs. Stabilization of the native transthyretin is an effective strategy for the treatment of transthyretin amyloidosis. In this study we demonstrate that the clinically used uricosuric agent benziodarone is highly effective to stabilize the tetrameric structure of transthyretin. An acid-induced aggregation assay showed that benziodarone had strong inhibitory activity similar to that of tafamidis, which is currently used as a therapeutic agent for transthyretin amyloidosis. Moreover, a possible metabolite, 6-hydroxybenziodarone, retained the strong amyloid inhibitory activity of benziodarone. An ex vivo competitive binding assay using a fluorogenic probe showed that benziodarone and 6-hydroxybenziodarone were highly potent for selective binding to transthyretin in human plasma. An X-ray crystal structure analysis revealed that the halogenated hydroxyphenyl ring was located at the entrance of the thyroxine binding channel of transthyretin and that the benzofuran ring was located in the inner channel. These studies suggest that benziodarone and 6-hydroxybenziodarone would potentially be effective against transthyretin amyloidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mineyuki Mizuguchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Yokoyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Takuya Okada
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan; Graduate School of Innovative Life Science, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nakagawa
- Graduate School of Innovative Life Science, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - Kanako Fujii
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yuko Nabeshima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Naoki Toyooka
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan; Graduate School of Innovative Life Science, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
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Mizuguchi M, Nakagawa Y, Inui K, Katayama W, Sawai Y, Shimane A, Kitakami R, Okada T, Nabeshima Y, Yokoyama T, Kanamitsu K, Nakagawa S, Toyooka N. Chlorinated Naringenin Analogues as Potential Inhibitors of Transthyretin Amyloidogenesis. J Med Chem 2022; 65:16218-16233. [PMID: 36472374 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Misfolding and aggregation of transthyretin are implicated in the fatal systemic disease known as transthyretin amyloidosis. Here, we report the development of a naringenin derivative bearing two chlorine atoms that will be efficacious for preventing aggregation of transthyretin in the eye. The amyloid inhibitory activity of the naringenin derivative was as strong as that of tafamidis, which is the first therapeutic agent targeting transthyretin in the plasma. X-ray crystal structures of the compounds in complex with transthyretin demonstrated that the naringenin derivative with one chlorine bound to the thyroxine-binding site of transthyretin in the forward mode and that the derivative with two chlorines bound to it in the reverse mode. An ex vivo competitive binding assay showed that naringenin derivatives exhibited more potent binding than tafamidis in the plasma. Furthermore, an in vivo pharmacokinetic study demonstrated that the dichlorinated derivative was significantly delivered to the eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mineyuki Mizuguchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0914, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nakagawa
- Graduate School of Innovative Life Science, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - Kishin Inui
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - Wakana Katayama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0914, Japan
| | - Yurika Sawai
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - Ayaka Shimane
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0914, Japan
| | - Ryota Kitakami
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Takuya Okada
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - Yuko Nabeshima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0914, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yokoyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0914, Japan
| | - Kayoko Kanamitsu
- Drug Discovery Initiative, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shinsaku Nakagawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Naoki Toyooka
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
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Chen SP, Lin SR, Chen TH, Ng HS, Yim HS, Leong MK, Weng CF. Mangosteen xanthone γ-mangostin exerts lowering blood glucose effect with potentiating insulin sensitivity through the mediation of AMPK/PPARγ. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112333. [PMID: 34678724 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is concomitant with significant morbidity and mortality and its prevalence is accumulative in worldwide. The conventional antidiabetic agents are known to mitigate the symptoms of diabetes; however, they may also cause side and adverse effects. There is an imperative necessity to conduct preclinical and clinical trials for the discovery of alternative therapeutic agents that can overcome the drawbacks of current synthetic antidiabetic drugs. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of lowering blood glucose and underlined mechanism of γ-mangostin, mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) xanthones. The results showed γ-Mangostin had a antihyperglycemic ability in short (2 h)- and long-term (28 days) administrations to diet-induced diabetic mice. The long-term administration of γ-mangostin attenuated fasting blood glucose of diabetic mice and exhibited no hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Moreover, AMPK, PPARγ, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase were found to be the potential targets for simulating binds with γ-mangostin after molecular docking. To validate the docking results, the inhibitory potency of γ-mangostin againstα-amylase/α-glucosidase was higher than Acarbose via enzymatic assay. Interestingly, an allosteric relationship between γ-mangostin and insulin was also found in the glucose uptake of VSMC, FL83B, C2C12, and 3T3-L1 cells. Taken together, the results showed that γ-mangostin exerts anti-hyperglycemic activity through promoting glucose uptake and reducing saccharide digestion by inhibition of α-amylase/α-glucosidase with insulin sensitization, suggesting that γ-mangostin could be a new clue for drug discovery and development to treat diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sih-Pei Chen
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, Fujian, China; Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974301, Taiwan
| | - Shian-Ren Lin
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974301, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Hsu Chen
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974301, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Suan Ng
- Faculty of Applied Science, UCSI University, UCSI Height, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hip-Seng Yim
- Faculty of Applied Science, UCSI University, UCSI Height, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Max K Leong
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974301, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Feng Weng
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, Fujian, China; Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974301, Taiwan; Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974301, Taiwan.
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Yokoyama T, Kashihara M, Mizuguchi M. Repositioning of the Anthelmintic Drugs Bithionol and Triclabendazole as Transthyretin Amyloidogenesis Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2021; 64:14344-14357. [PMID: 34547896 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Transthyretin (TTR) is a causative protein of TTR amyloidosis (ATTR amyloidosis), a general term for diseases characterized by deposition of TTR amyloid fibrils in specific organs. ATTR amyloidosis can be ameliorated by stabilization of the TTR tetramer through the binding of small molecules. Here, we show that the clinical anthelmintic drugs bithionol (42) and triclabendazole (43) potently inhibit aggregation of the amyloidogenic variant V30M-TTR. A competitive binding assay using a fluorescence probe showed that the binding affinity of 42 with V30M-TTR was significantly higher than that of the first-in-class drug tafamidis (1), and the binding affinity of 43 was similar to that of 1. The crystallographic and thermodynamic analysis revealed that 42 efficiently occupied the halogen-binding grooves of TTR, resulting in the favorable binding entropy. Multifaceted in vitro studies of anthelmintic drugs have the potential to reposition these drugs as ATTR amyloidosis inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Yokoyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0914, Japan
| | - Mirai Kashihara
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0914, Japan
| | - Mineyuki Mizuguchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0914, Japan.,Graduate School of Innovative Life Science, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
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The discovery and development of transthyretin amyloidogenesis inhibitors: what are the lessons? Future Med Chem 2021; 13:2083-2105. [PMID: 34633220 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2021-0248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Transthyretin (TTR) is associated with several human amyloid diseases. Various kinetic stabilizers have been developed to inhibit the dissociation of TTR tetramer and the formation of amyloid fibrils. Most of them are bisaryl derivatives, natural flavonoids, crown ethers and carborans. In this review article, we focus on TTR tetramer stabilizers, genetic therapeutic approaches and fibril remodelers. The binding modes of typical bisaryl derivatives, natural flavonoids, crown ethers and carborans are discussed. Based on knowledge of the binding of thyroxine to TTR tetramer, many stabilizers have been screened to dock into the thyroxine binding sites, leading to TTR tetramer stabilization. Particularly, those stabilizers with unique binding profiles have shown great potential in developing the therapeutic management of TTR amyloidogenesis.
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7
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Inhibitory activities of anthraquinone and xanthone derivatives against transthyretin amyloidogenesis. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 44:116292. [PMID: 34225167 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Transthyretin is a tetrameric protein which functions as a transporter of thyroxine and retinol-binding protein. Misfolding and amyloid aggregation of transthyretin are known to cause wild-type and hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis. Stabilization of the transthyretin tetramer by low molecular weight compounds is an efficacious strategy to inhibit the aggregation pathway in the amyloidosis. Here, we investigated the inhibitory activities of anthraquinone and xanthone derivatives against amyloid aggregation, and found that xanthone-2-carboxylic acid with one chlorine or methyl group has strong inhibitory activity comparable with that of diflunisal, which is one of the best known stabilizers of transthyretin. X-ray crystallographic structures of transthyretin in complex with the compounds revealed that the introduction of chlorine, which is buried in a hydrophobic region, is important for the strong inhibitory effect of the stabilizer against amyloidogenesis. An in vitro absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination (ADME) study and in vivo pharmacokinetic study demonstrated that the compounds have drug-like features, suggesting that they have potential as therapeutic agents to stabilize transthyretin.
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Ciccone L, Tonali N, Nencetti S, Orlandini E. Natural compounds as inhibitors of transthyretin amyloidosis and neuroprotective agents: analysis of structural data for future drug design. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2020; 35:1145-1162. [PMID: 32419519 PMCID: PMC7301710 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1760262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural compounds, such as plant and fruit extracts have shown neuroprotective effect against neurodegenerative diseases. It has been reported that several natural compounds binding to transthyretin (TTR) can be useful in amyloidosis prevention. TTR is a transporter protein that under physiological condition carries thyroxine (T4) and retinol in plasma and in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF); it also has a neuroprotective role against Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, TTR also is an amyloidogenic protein responsible for familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP) and familial amyloid cardiomyopathy (FAC). The TTR amyloidogenic potential is speeded up by several point mutations. One therapeutic strategy against TTR amyloidosis is the stabilisation of the native tetramer by natural compounds and small molecules. In this review, we examine the natural products that, starting from 2012 to present, have been studied as a stabiliser of TTR tetramer. In particular, we discussed the chemical and structural features which will be helpful for future drug design of new TTR stabilisers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Ciccone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Nicoló Tonali
- CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Susanna Nencetti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health (NUTRAFOOD), University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Orlandini
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Research Center “E. Piaggio”, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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9
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Yokoyama T, Mizuguchi M. Transthyretin Amyloidogenesis Inhibitors: From Discovery to Current Developments. J Med Chem 2020; 63:14228-14242. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Yokoyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0914, Japan
| | - Mineyuki Mizuguchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0914, Japan
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Choi SM, Byeon JS, Yum EK. Diversification of Heteroaryl‐Aryl Ether via Ligand‐Free, Copper‐Catalyzed
O
‐Arylation Under Microwave Heating. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sung Min Choi
- Department of ChemistryChungnam National University Yusung, Daejon 34134 Korea
| | - Jeong Seob Byeon
- Department of ChemistryChungnam National University Yusung, Daejon 34134 Korea
| | - Eul Kgun Yum
- Department of ChemistryChungnam National University Yusung, Daejon 34134 Korea
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11
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Guo X, Liu Z, Zheng Y, Li Y, Li L, Liu H, Chen Z, Wu L. Review on the Structures and Activities of Transthyretin Amyloidogenesis Inhibitors. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:1057-1081. [PMID: 32210536 PMCID: PMC7071892 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s237252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Transthyretin (TTR) is a tetrameric protein, and its dissociation, aggregation, deposition, and misfolding are linked to several human amyloid diseases. As the main transporter for thyroxine (T4) in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid, TTR contains two T4-binding sites, which are docked with T4 and subsequently maintain the structural stability of TTR homotetramer. Affected by genetic disorders and detrimental environmental factors, TTR degrades to monomer and/or form amyloid fibrils. Reasonably, stabilization of TTR might be an efficient strategy for the treatment of TTR-related amyloidosis. However, only 10-25% of T4 in the plasma is bound to TTR under physiological conditions. Expectedly, T4 analogs with different structures aiming to bind to T4 pockets may displace the functions of T4. So far, a number of compounds including both natural and synthetic origin have been reported. In this paper, we summarized the potent inhibitors, including bisaryl structure-based compounds, flavonoids, crown ethers, and carboranes, for treating TTR-related amyloid diseases and the combination modes of some compounds binding to TTR protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaowen Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yizhou Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yamei Li
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Linfu Li
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhixi Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Longhuo Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
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Morris KF, Geoghegan RM, Palmer EE, George M, Fang Y. Molecular dynamics simulation study of AG10 and tafamidis binding to the Val122Ile transthyretin variant. Biochem Biophys Rep 2020; 21:100721. [PMID: 32055713 PMCID: PMC7005373 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2019.100721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were used to investigate the binding of four ligands to the Val122Ile mutant of the protein transthyretin. Dissociation, misfolding, and subsequent aggregation of mutated transthyretin proteins are associated with the disease Familial Amyloidal Cardiomyopathy. The ligands investigated were the drug candidate AG10 and its decarboxy and N-methyl derivatives along with the drug tafamidis. These ligands bound to the receptor in two halogen binding pockets (HBP) designated AB and A'B'. Inter-ligand distances, solvent accessible surface areas, root mean squared deviation measurements, and extracted structures showed very little change in the AG10 ligands' conformations or locations within the HBP during the MD simulation. In addition, the AG10 ligands experienced stable, two-point interactions with the protein by forming hydrogen bonds with Ser-117 residues in both the AB and A'B' binding pockets and Lysine-15 residues found near the surface of the receptor. Distance measurements showed these H-bonds formed simultaneously during the MD simulation. Removal of the AG10 carboxylate functional group to form decarboxy-AG10 disrupted this two-point interaction causing the ligand in the AB pocket to undergo a conformational change during the MD simulation. Likewise, addition of a methyl group to the AG10 hydrazone functional group also disrupted the two-point interaction by decreasing hydrogen bonding interactions with the receptor. Finally, MD simulations showed that the tafamidis ligands experienced fewer hydrogen bonding interactions than AG10 with the protein receptor. The tafamidis ligand in pocket A'B' was also found to move deeper into the HBP during the MD simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin F. Morris
- Department of Chemistry, Carthage College, 2001 Alford Park Drive, Kenosha, WI, 53140, USA
| | - Riley M. Geoghegan
- Department of Chemistry, Carthage College, 2001 Alford Park Drive, Kenosha, WI, 53140, USA
| | - Emily E. Palmer
- Department of Chemistry, Carthage College, 2001 Alford Park Drive, Kenosha, WI, 53140, USA
| | - Matthew George
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Howard University College of Medicine, Howard University, 520 W Street NW, Washington, DC, 20059, USA
| | - Yayin Fang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Howard University College of Medicine, Howard University, 520 W Street NW, Washington, DC, 20059, USA
- Corresponding author.
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13
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Eze FN, Ingkaninan K, Prapunpoj P. Transthyretin Anti-Amyloidogenic and Fibril Disrupting Activities of Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst (Brahmi) Extract. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9120845. [PMID: 31835306 PMCID: PMC6995577 DOI: 10.3390/biom9120845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The homotetrameric plasma protein transthyretin (TTR), is responsible for a series of debilitating and often fatal disorders in humans known as transthyretin amyloidosis. Currently, there is no cure for TTR amyloidosis and treatment options are rare. Thus, the identification and development of effective and safe therapeutic agents remain a research imperative. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Bacopa monnieri extract (BME) in the modulation of TTR amyloidogenesis and disruption of preformed fibrils. Using aggregation assays and transmission electron microscopy, it was found that BME abrogated the formation of human TTR aggregates and mature fibrils but did not dis-aggregate pre-formed fibrils. Through acid-mediated and urea-mediated denaturation assays, it was revealed that BME mitigated the dissociation of folded human TTR and L55P TTR into monomers. ANS binding and glutaraldehyde cross-linking assays showed that BME binds at the thyroxine-binding site and possibly enhanced the quaternary structural stability of native TTR. Together, our results suggest that BME bioactives prevented the formation of TTR fibrils by attenuating the disassembly of tetramers into monomers. These findings open up the possibility of further exploration of BME as a potential resource of valuable anti-TTR amyloidosis therapeutic ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrick Nwude Eze
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand;
| | - Kornkanok Ingkaninan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand;
| | - Porntip Prapunpoj
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-74-288-275
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14
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Yokoyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0914, Japan
| | - Mineyuki Mizuguchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0914, Japan
- Graduate School of Innovative Life Science, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
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15
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Yokoyama T, Mizuguchi M. Inhibition of the Amyloidogenesis of Transthyretin by Natural Products and Synthetic Compounds. Biol Pharm Bull 2018; 41:979-984. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b18-00166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Yokoyama
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama
| | - Mineyuki Mizuguchi
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama
- Graduate School of Innovative Life Science, University of Toyama
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16
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Pailee P, Kuhakarn C, Sangsuwan C, Hongthong S, Piyachaturawat P, Suksen K, Jariyawat S, Akkarawongsapat R, Limthongkul J, Napaswad C, Kongsaeree P, Prabpai S, Jaipetch T, Pohmakotr M, Tuchinda P, Reutrakul V. Anti-HIV and cytotoxic biphenyls, benzophenones and xanthones from stems, leaves and twigs of Garcinia speciosa. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2018; 147:68-79. [PMID: 29304383 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Eleven previously undescribed compounds, including four benzophenones (garciosones A-D), four xanthones (garciosones E-H) and three biphenyls (garciosines A-C), along with eighteen known compounds were isolated from the stems, leaves and twigs of Garcinia speciosa Wall. (Clusiaceae). Their structures were established by extensive spectroscopic analysis. For garciosines A-C, the structures were confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Most of the isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity and anti-HIV-1 activity using the syncytium inhibition assay and HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) assay. The known compounds, 4,6,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-2-methoxybenzophenone and macluraxanthone, displayed significant cytotoxic activity with the ED50 in the range of 1.85-11.76 μM. 1,5-Dihydroxyxanthone exhibited the most potent anti-HIV activity against syncytium formation with EC50 < 17.13 μM (SI > 25.28) and 2-(3,3-dimethylallyl)-1,3,7-trihydroxyxanthone was the most active compound in the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase assay with IC50 value of 58.24 μM. Structure-activity relationship of some isolated compounds were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phanruethai Pailee
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Chutima Kuhakarn
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Chanyapat Sangsuwan
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Sakchai Hongthong
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Pawinee Piyachaturawat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Kanoknetr Suksen
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Surawat Jariyawat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Radeekorn Akkarawongsapat
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Jitra Limthongkul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Chanita Napaswad
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Palangpon Kongsaeree
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Samran Prabpai
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Thaworn Jaipetch
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Manat Pohmakotr
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Patoomratana Tuchinda
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Vichai Reutrakul
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
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17
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Jaisin Y, Ratanachamnong P, Kuanpradit C, Khumpum W, Suksamrarn S. Protective effects of γ-mangostin on 6-OHDA-induced toxicity in SH-SY5Y cells. Neurosci Lett 2017; 665:229-235. [PMID: 29195909 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.11.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
γ-Mangostin is a xanthone with hydroxyl groups that confer the substance-free radical scavenging effects. As opposed to the other more extensively studied mangostins, scarce research has been conducted on neuroprotective effects of γ-mangostin on models of Parkinson's disease (PD). Therefore, this investigation aimed to elucidate its antioxidant and neuroprotective effects on 6-OHDA-induced toxicity in SH-SY5Y cells. 6-OHDA treatment, an inducer of PD pathology in vitro studies, decreased cell viability and increased the level of intracellular ROS production. Furthermore, the substance-induced the expression of phosphorylated p38 MAPK, negatively affected the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and increased caspase-3 activity; all of which were factors that are associated with apoptosis. Pretreatment of cells with γ-mangostin at concentrations of 0.5, 1, and 2.5μM markedly increased cell survival and reduced the level of intracellular ROS formation as shown by DPPH radical scavenging activity of the compound. Furthermore, a significant suppression of p-p38, improved Bax/Bcl-2 ratio expression, and reduced caspase-3 activity was exhibited in the cells after γ-mangostin pretreatment. The reduction of apoptosis was further supported by the reduction of pyknotic nuclei indicated by Hoescht 33342 staining. These findings indicate that γ-mangostin could attenuate 6-OHDA-induced neuronal cell death and that the protective effect of γ-mangostin is associated with its antioxidative potential and through the modulation of the apoptotic signalling pathway. Therefore, γ-mangostin may be an effective xanthone among other mangostins for preventing neurodegeneration in PD caused by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamaratee Jaisin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | | | - Chitraporn Kuanpradit
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Watinee Khumpum
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sunit Suksamrarn
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
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18
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Ortore G, Orlandini E, Braca A, Ciccone L, Rossello A, Martinelli A, Nencetti S. Targeting Different Transthyretin Binding Sites with Unusual Natural Compounds. ChemMedChem 2016; 11:1865-74. [PMID: 27159149 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201600092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Misfolding and aggregation of the transthyretin (TTR) protein leads to certain forms of amyloidosis. Some nutraceuticals, such as flavonoids and natural polyphenols, have recently been investigated as modulators of the self-assembly process of TTR, but they generally suffer from limited bioavailability. To discover innovative and more bioavailable natural compounds able to inhibit TTR amyloid formation, a docking study was performed using the crystallographic structure of TTR. This computational strategy was projected as an ad hoc inspection of the possible relationship between binding site location and modulation of the assembly process; interactions with the as-yet-unexplored epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) sites and with the thyroxine (T4) pocket were simultaneously analyzed. All the compounds studied seem to prefer the traditional T4 binding site, but some interesting results emerged from the screening of an in-house database, used for validating the computational protocol, and of the Herbal Ingredients Targets (HIT) catalogue available on the ZINC database.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Ortore
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, V. Bonanno 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
| | | | - Alessandra Braca
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, V. Bonanno 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lidia Ciccone
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, V. Bonanno 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Armando Rossello
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, V. Bonanno 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Adriano Martinelli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, V. Bonanno 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Susanna Nencetti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, V. Bonanno 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
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Qian X, Han J, Wang L. tert-Butoxide mediated cascade desulfonylation/arylation/hydrolysis of cyclic sulfonyimines using diaryliodonium salts: synthesis of diaryl ether derivatives bearing a 2-aldehyde group. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra19313g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cascades of cyclic sulfonyimines mediated by tBuOK with diaryliodonium salts has been developed, giving the diaryl ethers in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Qian
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- P. R. China
| | - Jianwei Han
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- P. R. China
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis
| | - Limin Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- P. R. China
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