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Das B, Biswas P, Mallick AI, Gupta P. Application of Mono and Trinuclear Cyclometalated Iridium (III) Complexes in Differential Bacterial Imaging and Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400646. [PMID: 38652686 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The application of transition metal complexes for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as an attractive alternative in mitigating a broad range of bacterial pathogens, including multidrug-resistant pathogens. In view of their photostability, long excited-state lifetimes, and tunable emission properties, transition metal complexes also contribute as bioimaging agents. In the present work, we designed mono and trinuclear cyclometalated iridium (III) complexes to explore their imaging application and antibacterial potential. For this, we used Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), the most prevalent of community-associated (CA) multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria (CA MDR) and Lactococcus lactis (L. lactis) as Gram-positive while Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) and E. coli as Gram-negative bacteria. In addition to differential bioimaging of these bacteria, we assessed the antibacterial effects of both mono and trinuclear Ir(III) complexes under exposure to 427 nm LED light. The data presented herein strongly suggest better efficacy of trinuclear Ir(III) complex over the mononuclear complex in imparting photoinduced cell death of MRSA. Based on the safety profile of these complexes, we propose that trinuclear cyclometalated iridium(III) complex holds great promise for selective recognition and targeting MDR bacteria with minimal off-target effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bishnu Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India
- Present address, Department of Chemistry & Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, 13699, New York, US
| | - Prakash Biswas
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India
| | - Amirul Islam Mallick
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India
| | - Parna Gupta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India
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2
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Lin S, Chen Y, Sun Y, Yu G, Liao X, Yang Q. Evaluation of multi-target iridium(iii)-based metallodrugs in combating antimicrobial resistance and infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus. RSC Adv 2024; 14:16194-16206. [PMID: 38769952 PMCID: PMC11103350 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra02152e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The rapid emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria pose a serious challenge to human life and health, necessitating the development of novel antibacterial agents. Herein, to address this challenge, three iridium-based antibacterial agents were prepared and their antimicrobial activity were explored. Importantly, the three complexes all showed robust potency against S. aureus with MIC values in the range of 1.9-7.9 μg mL-1. Notably, the most active complex Ir3 also exhibited relative stability in mammalian fluids and a significant antibacterial effect on clinically isolated drug-resistant bacteria. Mechanism studies further demonstrated that the complex Ir3 can kill S. aureus by disrupting the integrity of the bacterial membrane and inducing ROS production. This multi-target advantage allows Ir3 to not only effectively combat bacterial resistance but also efficiently clear the bacterial biofilm. In addition, when used together, complex Ir3 could enhance the antibacterial potency of some clinical antibiotics against S. aureus. Moreover, both G. mellonella wax worms and mouse infection model demonstrated that Ir3 has low toxicity and robust anti-infective efficacy in vivo. Overall, complex Ir3 can serve as a new antibacterial agent for combating Gram-positive bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University) Haikou 570311 China
| | - Yushou Chen
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science&Technology Normal University Nanchang 330013 China
| | - Yajuan Sun
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science&Technology Normal University Nanchang 330013 China
| | - Guangying Yu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science&Technology Normal University Nanchang 330013 China
| | - Xiangwen Liao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science&Technology Normal University Nanchang 330013 China
| | - Qiang Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Hainan Cancer Hospital Haikou 570100 China
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3
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Aderinto SO, John T, Onawole A, Galleh RP, Thomas JA. Iridium(III)-based minor groove binding complexes as DNA photocleavage agents. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:7282-7291. [PMID: 38466178 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00171k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Transition metal complexes containing the qtpy ligand (2':4,4'':4',4'''-quaterpyridyl) are known to be DNA intercalators or minor groove binders. In this study, new tricationic iridium(III) complexes of qtpy are reported. Both [Ir(bpy)2(qtpy)]3+1 and [Ir(phen)2(qtpy)]3+2 display good water solubility as chloride salts. The complexes possess high-energy excited states, which are quenched in the presence of duplex DNA and even by the mononucleotides guanosine monophosphate and adenosine monophosphate. Further studies reveal that although the complexes bind to quadruplex DNA, they display a preference for duplex structures, which are bound with an order of magnitude higher affinities than their isostructural dicationic RuII-analogues. Detailed molecular dynamics simulations confirm that the complexes are groove binders through the insertion of, predominantly, the qtpy ligand into the minor groove. Photoirradiation of 1 in the presence of plasmid DNA confirms that this class of complexes can function as synthetic photonucleases by cleaving DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen O Aderinto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7HF, UK.
| | - Torsten John
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Abdulmujeeb Onawole
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | | | - Jim A Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7HF, UK.
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Dube NP, Thatyana M, Mokgalaka-Fleischmann NS, Mansour AM, Tembu VJ, Manicum ALE. Review on the Applications of Selected Metal-Based Complexes on Infectious Diseases. Molecules 2024; 29:406. [PMID: 38257319 PMCID: PMC10819944 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Fatalities caused by infectious diseases (i.e., diseases caused by parasite, bacteria, and viruses) have become reinstated as a major public health threat globally. Factors such as antimicrobial resistance and viral complications are the key contributors to the death numbers. As a result, new compounds with structural diversity classes are critical for controlling the virulence of pathogens that are multi-drug resistant. Derivatization of bio-active organic molecules with organometallic synthons is a promising strategy for modifying the inherent and enhanced properties of biomolecules. Due to their redox chemistry, bioactivity, and structural diversity, organometallic moieties make excellent candidates for lead structures in drug development. Furthermore, organometallic compounds open an array of potential in therapy that existing organic molecules lack, i.e., their ability to fulfill drug availability and resolve the frequent succumbing of organic molecules to drug resistance. Additionally, metal complexes have the potential towards metal-specific modes of action, preventing bacteria from developing resistance mechanisms. This review's main contribution is to provide a thorough account of the biological efficacy (in vitro and in vitro) of metal-based complexes against infectious diseases. This resource can also be utilized in conjunction with corresponding journals on metal-based complexes investigated against infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nondumiso P. Dube
- Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, 175 Nelson Mandela Drive, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (N.P.D.); (M.T.); (N.S.M.-F.); (V.J.T.)
| | - Maxwell Thatyana
- Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, 175 Nelson Mandela Drive, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (N.P.D.); (M.T.); (N.S.M.-F.); (V.J.T.)
| | - Ntebogeng S. Mokgalaka-Fleischmann
- Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, 175 Nelson Mandela Drive, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (N.P.D.); (M.T.); (N.S.M.-F.); (V.J.T.)
| | - Ahmed M. Mansour
- Department of Chemistry, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Vuyelwa J. Tembu
- Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, 175 Nelson Mandela Drive, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (N.P.D.); (M.T.); (N.S.M.-F.); (V.J.T.)
| | - Amanda-Lee E. Manicum
- Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, 175 Nelson Mandela Drive, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (N.P.D.); (M.T.); (N.S.M.-F.); (V.J.T.)
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Friães S, Trigueiros C, Gomes CSB, Fernandes AR, Lenis-Rojas OA, Martins M, Royo B. Antimicrobial Activity of Manganese(I) Tricarbonyl Complexes Bearing 1,2,3-Triazole Ligands. Molecules 2023; 28:7453. [PMID: 37959872 PMCID: PMC10650380 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28217453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antimicrobial resistance is one of the most pressing health issues of our time. The increase in the number of antibiotic-resistant bacteria allied to the lack of new antibiotics has contributed to the current crisis. It has been predicted that if this situation is not dealt with, we will be facing 10 million deaths due to multidrug resistant infections per year by 2050, surpassing cancer-related deaths. This alarming scenario has refocused attention into researching alternative drugs to treat multidrug-resistant infections. AIMS In this study, the antimicrobial activities of four manganese complexes containing 1,2,3,-triazole and clotrimazole ligands have been evaluated. It is known that azole antibiotics coordinated to manganese tricarbonyl complexes display interesting antimicrobial activities against several microbes. In this work, the effect of the introduction of 1,2,3,-triazole-derived ligands in the [Mn(CO)3(clotrimazole)] fragment has been investigated against one Gram-positive bacterium and five Gram-negative bacteria. METHODS The initial antimicrobial activity of the above-mentioned complexes was assessed by determining the minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations using the broth microdilution method. Growth curves in the presence and absence of the complexes were performed to determine the effects of these complexes on the growth of the selected bacteria. A possible impact on cellular viability was determined by conducting the MTS assay on human monocytes. RESULTS Three of the Mn complexes investigated (4-6) had good antimicrobial activities against all the bacteria tested, with values ranging from 1.79 to 61.95 µM with minimal toxicity. CONCLUSIONS Due to the increased problem of antibiotic resistance and a lack of new antibacterial drugs with no toxicity, these results are exciting and show that these types of complexes can be an avenue to pursue in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Friães
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, ITQB NOVA, Avenida da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal;
| | - Cândida Trigueiros
- Department of Microbiology, Moyne Institute of Preventive Medicine, School of Genetics and Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Clara S. B. Gomes
- LAQV-REQUIMTE and UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal;
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal;
| | - Alexandra R. Fernandes
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal;
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Oscar A. Lenis-Rojas
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, ITQB NOVA, Avenida da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal;
| | - Marta Martins
- Department of Microbiology, Moyne Institute of Preventive Medicine, School of Genetics and Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Beatriz Royo
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, ITQB NOVA, Avenida da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal;
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Mohmad M, Agnihotri N, Kumar V, Azam M, Wabaidur SM, Kamal R, Kumar R, Alam M, Kaviani S. Radical scavenging capacity, antibacterial activity, and quantum chemical aspects of the spectrophotometrically investigated iridium (III) complex with benzopyran derivative. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:945323. [PMID: 36120315 PMCID: PMC9480850 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.945323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive aqueous phase spectrophotometric study concerning the trace level determination of iridium (III) by its reaction with benzopyran-derived chromogenic reagent, 6-chloro-3-hydroxy-7-methyl-2-(2′-thienyl)-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran (CHMTB), is performed. The complexing reagent instantly forms a yellow complex with Ir (III) at pH 4.63, where metal is bound to the ligand in a ratio of 1:2 as deduced by Job’s continuous variations, mole ratio, and equilibrium shift methods. The complex absorbs maximally at 413–420 nm retaining its stability for up to 4 days. An optimum set of conditions have been set with respect to the parameters governing the formation of the complex. Under the set optimal conditions, the Ir (III)-CHMTB complex coheres to Beer’s law between 0.0 and 1.5 µg Ir (III) mL−1. The attenuation coefficient and Sandell’s sensitivity are, respectively, 1.18×105 L mol−1 cm−1 and 0.00162 μg cm−2 at 415 nm. The correlation coefficient (r) and standard deviation (SD) were 0.9999 and ± 0.001095, respectively, whereas the detection limit as analyzed was 0.007437 μg ml−1. The interference with respect to analytically important cations and complexing agents has been studied thoroughly. It is found that the majority of the ions/agents do not intervene with the formation of the complex, thus adding to the versatility of the method. The results obtained from the aforesaid studies indicate a simple, fast, convenient, sensitive, and versatile method for microgram analysis of iridium (III) using CHMTB as a binding ligand. Furthermore, the studied complex is subjected to the evaluation of antibacterial and antioxidant capacity by employing the Agar Diffusion assay and DPPH. radical scavenging method, respectively. The results obtained from the mentioned assays reveal that the investigated complex possesses significant potency as an antibacterial and antioxidant agent. Finally, the computational approach through DFT of the formed complex confirmed the associated electronic properties of the studied complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masrat Mohmad
- Department of Chemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana, Ambala, India
| | - Nivedita Agnihotri
- Department of Chemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana, Ambala, India
- *Correspondence: Nivedita Agnihotri, ; Mohammad Azam, ; Mahboob Alam,
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana, Ambala, India
| | - Mohammad Azam
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Nivedita Agnihotri, ; Mohammad Azam, ; Mahboob Alam,
| | | | - Raj Kamal
- Department of Chemistry Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, MCM DAV College, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Mahboob Alam
- Department of Safety Engineering, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Nivedita Agnihotri, ; Mohammad Azam, ; Mahboob Alam,
| | - Sadegh Kaviani
- Department of Physics, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
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7
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Moura NMM, Serra VV, Bastos A, Biazotto JC, Castro KADF, Faustino MAF, Lodeiro C, da Silva RS, Neves MDGPMS. New Bis-Cyclometalated Iridium(III) Complexes with β-Substituted Porphyrin-Arylbipyridine as the Ancillary Ligand: Electrochemical and Photophysical Insights. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147606. [PMID: 35886956 PMCID: PMC9319630 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
An efficient synthetic access to new cationic porphyrin-bipyridine iridium(III) bis-cyclometalated complexes was developed. These porphyrins bearing arylbipyridine moieties at β-pyrrolic positions coordinated with iridium(III), and the corresponding Zn(II) porphyrin complexes were spectroscopically, electrochemically, and electronically characterized. The features displayed by the new cyclometalated porphyrin-bipyridine iridium(III) complexes, namely photoinduced electron transfer process (PET), and a remarkable efficiency to generate 1O2, allowing us to envisage new challenges and opportunities for their applications in several fields, such as photo(catalysis) and photodynamic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno M. M. Moura
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (M.A.F.F.); (M.d.G.P.M.S.N.)
- Correspondence: (N.M.M.M.); (V.V.S.); Tel.: +351-234-370-710 (N.M.M.M.)
| | - Vanda Vaz Serra
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence: (N.M.M.M.); (V.V.S.); Tel.: +351-234-370-710 (N.M.M.M.)
| | - Alexandre Bastos
- CICECO, Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Juliana C. Biazotto
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 14040-903, Brazil; (J.C.B.); (K.A.D.F.C.); (R.S.d.S.)
| | - Kelly A. D. F. Castro
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 14040-903, Brazil; (J.C.B.); (K.A.D.F.C.); (R.S.d.S.)
| | - Maria Amparo F. Faustino
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (M.A.F.F.); (M.d.G.P.M.S.N.)
| | - Carlos Lodeiro
- BIOSCOPE Group, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, University NOVA of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal;
- ProteoMass Scientific Society, Madan Park, Rua dos Inventores, 2825-182 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Roberto S. da Silva
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 14040-903, Brazil; (J.C.B.); (K.A.D.F.C.); (R.S.d.S.)
| | - Maria da Graça P. M. S. Neves
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (M.A.F.F.); (M.d.G.P.M.S.N.)
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Busto N, Vigueras G, Cutillas N, García B, Ruiz J. Inert cationic iridium(III) complexes with phenanthroline-based ligands: application in antimicrobial inactivation of multidrug-resistant bacterial strains. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:9653-9663. [PMID: 35713595 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00752e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The antimicrobial activity of a new series of heteroleptic iridium(III) complexes of the type [Ir(C^N)2(N^N)][PF6] (C^N = deprotonated 2-phenylbenzimidazole-κN, κC; N^N = phen (Ir1), dpq (Ir2), dppz (Ir3), dppn (Ir4), and dppz-idzo (Ir5)) was studied towards two Gram positive (vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium and a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) and two Gram negative (Acinetobacter baumanii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) multidrug-resistant bacterial strains of clinical interest. Although the complexes were inactive towards Gram negative bacteria, their effectiveness against Gram positive strains was remarkable, especially for Ir1 and Ir2, the most bactericidal complexes that were even more active (10 times) than the fluoroquinolone antibiotic norfloxacin and displayed no toxicity in human kidney cells (HEK293). Mechanistic studies revealed that the cell wall and membrane of MRSA S. aureus remained intact on treatment with these compounds and that DNA was not their main target. It is important to note that the complexes were able to induce ROS generation, this being the feature key to their antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Busto
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, E-09001, Burgos, Spain. .,Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad de Burgos, Hospital Militar, Paseo de los Comendadores, s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
| | - Gloria Vigueras
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Murcia, and Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), E-30071 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Natalia Cutillas
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Murcia, and Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), E-30071 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Begoña García
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, E-09001, Burgos, Spain.
| | - José Ruiz
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Murcia, and Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), E-30071 Murcia, Spain.
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Metal Peptide Conjugates in Cell and Tissue Imaging and Biosensing. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2022; 380:30. [PMID: 35701677 PMCID: PMC9197911 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-022-00384-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Metal complex luminophores have seen dramatic expansion in application as imaging probes over the past decade. This has been enabled by growing understanding of methods to promote their cell permeation and intracellular targeting. Amongst the successful approaches that have been applied in this regard is peptide-facilitated delivery. Cell-permeating or signal peptides can be readily conjugated to metal complex luminophores and have shown excellent response in carrying such cargo through the cell membrane. In this article, we describe the rationale behind applying metal complexes as probes and sensors in cell imaging and outline the advantages to be gained by applying peptides as the carrier for complex luminophores. We describe some of the progress that has been made in applying peptides in metal complex peptide-driven conjugates as a strategy for cell permeation and targeting of transition metal luminophores. Finally, we provide key examples of their application and outline areas for future progress.
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10
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Discovery of polypyridyl iridium(III) complexes as potent agents against resistant Candida albicans. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 233:114250. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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11
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Gong J, Zhang X. Coordination-based circularly polarized luminescence emitters: Design strategy and application in sensing. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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12
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Rajagopal A, Biddulph J, Tabrizi L, Fitzgerald-Hughes D, Pryce MT. Photoactive organometallic compounds as antimicrobial agents. ADVANCES IN INORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adioch.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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13
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Pooja, Goel A. A Highly Ultrafine Core–Shell Ir–Cu Bimetallic Nanoparticles and Their Application in Catalytic Oxidation of Textile Dye, Congo Red, by Hexacyanoferrate(III) Ions: A Kinetic Approach. KINETICS AND CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0023158421050050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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14
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Das U, Kar B, Pete S, Paira P. Ru(ii), Ir(iii), Re(i) and Rh(iii) based complexes as next generation anticancer metallopharmaceuticals. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:11259-11290. [PMID: 34342316 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt01326b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Several anticancer drugs such as cisplatin, and its analogues, epirubicin, and doxorubicin are well known for their anticancer activity but the therapeutic value of these drugs comes with certain side effects and they cannot distinguish between normal and cancer cells. Thus, a major challenge for researchers around the world is to develop an anticancer drug with the least toxicity and more target specificity. With the successful reporting of NAMI-A and KP1019, a new path has emerged in the anticancer field. Recently, several Ru(ii) complexes have been reported for their anticancer activity due to their enhanced cellular uptake and selectivity towards cancer cells. Apart from the Ru(ii) complexes, a large amount of research has been carried out with Ir(iii), Re(i), and Rh(iii) based complexes, which exhibited promising anticancer activity. The present review reports various Ru(ii), Ir(iii), Re(i), and Rh(iii) based complexes for their anticancer activity based on their cytotoxicity profiles, biological targets and mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utpal Das
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632014, Tamilnadu, India.
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15
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Sahin C, Mutlu D, Nasirli F, Mahmoudi G, Zubkov FI, Arslan S, Dogan NM. New iridium bis-terpyridine complexes: synthesis, characterization, antibiofilm and anticancer potentials. Biometals 2021; 34:701-713. [PMID: 33900533 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-021-00307-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study represents synthesis, characterization, screening of antibiofilm efficacy, and cytotoxicity of iridium bis-terpyridine complexes. The complexes were characterized by NMR, MS, FTIR, UV/Visible, and fluorescence spectroscopies. The efficacy of biofilm inhibition and eradication of iridium complexes was evaluated using a crystal violet assay test and verified by fluorescence microscopy. Cytotoxicity and apoptosis analysis of iridium complexes were determined in this study. The results of our study revealed that three iridium complexes had the potential to inhibit biofilm formation and moderate the ability to destroy pre-formed biofilm of S. aureus ATCC 29,213. 250 µM concentration of synthesized complexes showed the highest antibiofilm activity (75% for Ir1, 90% for Ir2, and 71% for Ir3). The significant inhibition obtained at 6.25 µM concentration of Ir2 and Ir3 revealed the potential of our samples. Also, Ir1 and Ir2 complexes had a good capacity to destroy pre-formed biofilm. The results clearly showed that iridium complexes have cytotoxic activity towards colon cancer (Caco-2) and liver cancer (HepG2) cell lines without affecting non-cancerous cells (HEK293) at applied doses. Moreover, tested compounds induced apoptosis in these cancer cells. All of these results showed that iridium complexes had possessed the ability to inhibit or destroy pre-formed biofilm and could be developed as an effective agent against bacterial biofilms. Moreover, these pure substances may have valuable anti-cancer activity and it should be confirmed with further studies for therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cigdem Sahin
- Department of Chemistry, Art & Science Faculty, Pamukkale University, 20160, Denizli, Turkey.
| | - Dogukan Mutlu
- Department of Biology, Art & Science Faculty, Pamukkale University, 20160, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Farid Nasirli
- Department of Biology, Art & Science Faculty, Pamukkale University, 20160, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Ghodrat Mahmoudi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, P.O. Box 55181-83111, Maragheh, Iran.
| | - Fedor I Zubkov
- Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 117198, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Sevki Arslan
- Department of Biology, Art & Science Faculty, Pamukkale University, 20160, Denizli, Turkey.
| | - Nazime Mercan Dogan
- Department of Biology, Art & Science Faculty, Pamukkale University, 20160, Denizli, Turkey
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Jiang L, Chee PL, Gao J, Gan CRR, Owh C, Lakshminarayanan R, Jiang S, Hor TSA, Loh XJ. A New Potent Antimicrobial Metalloporphyrin. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:1007-1015. [PMID: 33617127 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A series of bis-acryl functionalized porphyrins and their corresponding metalloporphyrins (M=Co, Mn) were synthesized and investigated for their antimicrobial properties through MIC screening and bacteria time-kill kinetic studies. The Mn(III) 4-(bis)methylphenyl-substituted-porphyrins showed superior batericidal activities even in the dark with low hemotoxicity and good cytotoxicity profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Jiang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03, Innovis, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Pei Lin Chee
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03, Innovis, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Jian Gao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Ching Ruey Raymond Gan
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Cally Owh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03, Innovis, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Rajamani Lakshminarayanan
- Anti-Infectives Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, 169856, Singapore.,Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.,Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Shan Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - T S Andy Hor
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore.,Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 1, #20-10 Fusionopolis Way, Connexis, North Tower, Singapore, 138632, Singapore
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03, Innovis, Singapore, 138634, Singapore.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117576, Singapore
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17
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Chen BB, Pan NL, Liao JX, Huang MY, Jiang DC, Wang JJ, Qiu HJ, Chen JX, Li L, Sun J. Cyclometalated iridium(III) complexes as mitochondria-targeted anticancer and antibacterial agents to induce both autophagy and apoptosis. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 219:111450. [PMID: 33826973 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial damage will hinder the energy production of cells and produce excessive ROS (reactive oxygen species), resulting in cell death through autophagy or apoptosis. In this paper, four cyclometalated iridium(III) complexes (Ir1: [Ir(piq)2L]PF6; Ir2: [Ir(bzq)2L]PF6; Ir3: [Ir(dfppy)2L]PF6; Ir4: [Ir(thpy)2L]PF6; piq = 1-phenylisoquinoline; bzq = benzo[h]quinoline; dfppy = 2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)pyridine;thpy = 2-(2-thienyl)pyridine; L = 1,10-phenanthroline-5-amine) were synthesized and characterized. Cytotoxicity tests show that these complexes have excellent cytotoxicity to cancer cells, and mechanism studies indicatethat these complexes can specifically target mitochondria. Complexes Ir1 and Ir2 can damage the function of mitochondria, subsequently increasing intracellular levels of ROS, decreasing MMP (mitochondrial membrane potential), and interfering with ATP energy production, which leads to autophagy and apoptosis. Furthermore, autophagy induced by Ir1 and Ir2 can promote cell death in coordination with apoptosis. Surprisingly, these four complexes also showed moderate antibacterial activity to S. aureusand P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Bing Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; Pharmacy Department, The People's Hospital of Gaozhou, Maoming 525200, China
| | - Nan-Lian Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Jia-Xin Liao
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Min-Ying Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Dong-Chun Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Jun-Jie Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Hai-Jun Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Jia-Xi Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China.
| | - Lin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jing Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China.
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18
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Priyadarshini GS, Muthusankar A, Subramani R, Gopal S. Evaluation of the Synthesized Novel Iridium (III) Complexes Against HeLa Cell Lines Through In-Silico, In-Vitro and DNA Nicking. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2021; 22:447-455. [PMID: 33639659 PMCID: PMC8190364 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2021.22.2.447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, the pharmaceutical industry is continuously driven in search of new anticancer drugs due to increasing rate of cancer patients. Clinical trials of Cisplatin has been explored, however, usage of Cisplatin as a drug is limited due to its various side effects, hence, alternative to platinum based complex drugs and its analogues are needed. Iridium complexes have been attracted widespread interests by virtue of their pharmacological and photo-physical properties; however the less number of complexes was reported in the literature. In this article, a new series of novel Iridium (III) complexes were synthesized using substituted quinoline Schiff Base (SB) ligands and characterized by spectroscopic techniques. The in- vitro cyto-toxicity assay showed that the Iridium (III) complex activity is equal to standard Cisplatin. In addition, computational docking studies have shown that the prominent binding sites for synthesized complexes against HeLa cell lines, which is comparable with standard Cisplatin drugs and other Ruthenium complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sathya Priyadarshini
- Department of Chemistry, PSGR Krishnammal College for Women, Peelamedu, Coimbatore, India
| | - Aathi Muthusankar
- Protein Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Ramesh Subramani
- Department of Food Processing Technology & Management, PSGR Krishnammal College for Women, Peelamedu, Coimbatore, India
| | - Selvi Gopal
- Department of Chemistry, PSGR Krishnammal College for Women, Peelamedu, Coimbatore, India
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August DP, Jaramillo-Garcia J, Leigh DA, Valero A, Vitorica-Yrezabal IJ. A Chiral Cyclometalated Iridium Star of David [2]Catenane. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:1154-1161. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c12038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David P. August
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | | | - David A. Leigh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Alberto Valero
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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20
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Kar B, Roy N, Pete S, Moharana P, Paira P. Ruthenium and iridium based mononuclear and multinuclear complexes: A Breakthrough of Next-Generation anticancer metallopharmaceuticals. Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.119858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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21
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Abstract
Traditional organic antimicrobials mainly act on specific biochemical processes such as replication, transcription and translation. However, the emergence and wide spread of microbial resistance is a growing threat for human beings. Therefore, it is highly necessary to design strategies for the development of new drugs in order to target multiple cellular processes that should improve their efficiency against several microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses or fungi. The present review is focused on recent advances and findings of new antimicrobial strategies based on metal complexes. Recent studies indicate that some metal ions cause different types of damages to microbial cells as a result of membrane degradation, protein dysfunction and oxidative stress. These unique modes of action, combined with the wide range of three-dimensional geometries that metal complexes can adopt, make them suitable for the development of new antimicrobial drugs.
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22
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Smitten KL, Scattergood PA, Kiker C, Thomas JA, Elliott PIP. Triazole-based osmium(ii) complexes displaying red/near-IR luminescence: antimicrobial activity and super-resolution imaging. Chem Sci 2020; 11:8928-8935. [PMID: 34123147 PMCID: PMC8163367 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03563g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular uptake, luminescence imaging and antimicrobial activity against clinically relevant methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) bacteria are reported. The osmium(ii) complexes [Os(N^N)3]2+ (N^N = 1-benzyl-4-(pyrid-2-yl)-1,2,3-triazole (1 2+); 1-benzyl-4-(pyrimidin-2-yl)-1,2,3-triazole (2 2+); 1-benzyl-4-(pyrazin-2-yl)-1,2,3-triazole (3 2+)) were prepared and isolated as the chloride salts of their meridional and facial isomers. The complexes display prominent spin-forbidden ground state to triplet metal-to-ligand charge transfer (3MLCT) state absorption bands enabling excitation as low as 600 nm for fac/mer-3 2+ and observation of emission in aqueous solution in the deep-red/near-IR regions of the spectrum. Cellular uptake studies within MRSA cells show antimicrobial activity for 1 2+ and 2 2+ with greater toxicity for the meridional isomers in each case and mer-1 2+ showing the greatest potency (32 μg mL-1 in defined minimal media). Super-resolution imaging experiments demonstrate binding of mer- and fac-1 2+ to bacterial DNA with high Pearson's colocalisation coefficients (up to 0.95 using DAPI). Phototoxicity studies showed the complexes exhibited a higher antimicrobial activity upon irradiation with light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty L Smitten
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield Brook Hill Sheffield S3 7HF UK
| | - Paul A Scattergood
- Department of Chemistry & Centre for Functional Materials, University of Huddersfield Queensgate Huddersfield HD1 3DH UK
| | - Charlotte Kiker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield Brook Hill Sheffield S3 7HF UK
| | - Jim A Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield Brook Hill Sheffield S3 7HF UK
| | - Paul I P Elliott
- Department of Chemistry & Centre for Functional Materials, University of Huddersfield Queensgate Huddersfield HD1 3DH UK
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23
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Monti N, Zacchini S, Massi M, Hochkoeppler A, Giorgini L, Fiorini V, Stefan A, Stagni S. Antibacterial activity of a new class of tris homoleptic Ru (II)‐complexes with alkyl‐tetrazoles as diimine‐type ligands. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Monti
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”University of Bologna Viale Risorgimento 4 Bologna I‐40136 Italy
| | - Stefano Zacchini
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”University of Bologna Viale Risorgimento 4 Bologna I‐40136 Italy
| | - Massimiliano Massi
- Curtin Institute for Functional Molecules and Interfaces, School of Molecular and Life ScienceCurtin University Kent Street Bentley WA 6102 Australia
| | - Alejandro Hochkoeppler
- Department of Pharmacy and BiotechnologyUniversity of Bologna Viale Risorgimento 4 Bologna I‐40136 Italy
- CSGI, Department of ChemistryUniversity of Florence Sesto Fiorentino FI I‐50019 Italy
| | - Loris Giorgini
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”University of Bologna Viale Risorgimento 4 Bologna I‐40136 Italy
| | - Valentina Fiorini
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”University of Bologna Viale Risorgimento 4 Bologna I‐40136 Italy
| | - Alessandra Stefan
- Department of Pharmacy and BiotechnologyUniversity of Bologna Viale Risorgimento 4 Bologna I‐40136 Italy
- CSGI, Department of ChemistryUniversity of Florence Sesto Fiorentino FI I‐50019 Italy
| | - Stefano Stagni
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”University of Bologna Viale Risorgimento 4 Bologna I‐40136 Italy
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24
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Use of Cotton Textiles Coated by Ir(III) Tetrazole Complexes within Ceramic Silica Nanophases for Photo-Induced Self-Marker and Antibacterial Application. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10061020. [PMID: 32471044 PMCID: PMC7352244 DOI: 10.3390/nano10061020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed at the production and characterization of coated cotton textiles with luminescent ceramic nanophases doped with cationic Ir(III) tetrazole complexes. We confirmed that SiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) do not affect the phosphorescent properties of the complexes that maintain their emission (610 and 490 nm). For the first time we transferred the luminescence feature from nanosol to textile surface, highlighting the advantages of using nanosilica as an encapsulating and stabilizing matrix. The optimized Ir@SiO2 suspensions were homogenously applied onto the cotton surface by dip-pad-dry-cure technique, as proved by the 2p-fluorescence microscope analysis. Once we verified the self-marker properties of the Ir(III) complex, we observed an excellent washing fastness of the coating with a very limited release. SiO2 in the washing water was quantified at maximum around 1.5 wt% and Ir below the inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) detection limit of 1 ppm. A Franz cell test was used to evaluate any possible ex-vivo uptake of Ir@SiO2 nanoparticles across human skin tissues, showing that epidermis and dermis stop over 99% of Ir, implying a reduced impact on human health. The light-induced antimicrobial potential of the Ir@SiO2 were assessed toward both Gram(−) and Gram(+) bacteria. The results encouraged further developments of such functional textiles coated by self-markers and antibacterial active nanophases.
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25
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Recent Studies on the Antimicrobial Activity of Transition Metal Complexes of Groups 6–12. CHEMISTRY-SWITZERLAND 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/chemistry2020026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is an increasingly serious threat to global public health that requires innovative solutions to counteract new resistance mechanisms emerging and spreading globally in infectious pathogens. Classic organic antibiotics are rapidly exhausting the structural variations available for an effective antimicrobial drug and new compounds emerging from the industrial pharmaceutical pipeline will likely have a short-term and limited impact before the pathogens can adapt. Inorganic and organometallic complexes offer the opportunity to discover and develop new active antimicrobial agents by exploiting their wide range of three-dimensional geometries and virtually infinite design possibilities that can affect their substitution kinetics, charge, lipophilicity, biological targets and modes of action. This review describes recent studies on the antimicrobial activity of transition metal complexes of groups 6–12. It focuses on the effectiveness of the metal complexes in relation to the rich structural chemical variations of the same. The aim is to provide a short vade mecum for the readers interested in the subject that can complement other reviews.
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26
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Truong D, Sullivan MP, Tong KKH, Steel TR, Prause A, Lovett JH, Andersen JW, Jamieson SMF, Harris HH, Ott I, Weekley CM, Hummitzsch K, Söhnel T, Hanif M, Metzler-Nolte N, Goldstone DC, Hartinger CG. Potent Inhibition of Thioredoxin Reductase by the Rh Derivatives of Anticancer M(arene/Cp*)(NHC)Cl 2 Complexes. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:3281-3289. [PMID: 32073260 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b03640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Metal complexes provide a versatile platform to develop novel anticancer pharmacophores, and they form stable compounds with N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands, some of which have been shown to inhibit the cancer-related selenoenzyme thioredoxin reductase (TrxR). To expand a library of isostructural NHC complexes, we report here the preparation of RhIII- and IrIII(Cp*)(NHC)Cl2 (Cp* = η5-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) compounds and comparison of their properties to the RuII- and OsII(cym) analogues (cym = η6-p-cymene). Like the RuII- and OsII(cym) complexes, the RhIII- and IrIII(Cp*) derivatives exhibit cytotoxic activity with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values in the low micromolar range against a set of four human cancer cell lines. In studies on the uptake and localization of the compounds in cancer cells by X-ray fluorescence microscopy, the Ru and Os derivatives were shown to accumulate in the cytoplasmic region of treated cells. In an attempt to tie the localization of the compounds to the inhibition of the tentative target TrxR, it was surprisingly found that only the Rh complexes showed significant inhibitory activity at IC50 values of ∼1 μM, independent of the substituents on the NHC ligand. This indicates that, although TrxR may be a potential target for anticancer metal complexes, it is unlikely the main target or the sole target for the Ru, Os, and Ir compounds described here, and other targets should be considered. In contrast, Rh(Cp*)(NHC)Cl2 complexes may be a scaffold for the development of TrxR inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Andre Prause
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstr. 55, Braunschweig D-38106, Germany
| | | | | | - Stephen M F Jamieson
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | | | - Ingo Ott
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstr. 55, Braunschweig D-38106, Germany
| | - Claire M Weekley
- Bio21 Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3052, VIC, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Nils Metzler-Nolte
- Inorganic Chemistry I-Bioinorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitaetsstrasse, Bochum 44801, Germany
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27
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Frei A. Metal Complexes, an Untapped Source of Antibiotic Potential? Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:E90. [PMID: 32085590 PMCID: PMC7168053 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9020090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
With the widespread rise of antimicrobial resistance, most traditional sources for new drug compounds have been explored intensively for new classes of antibiotics. Meanwhile, metal complexes have long had only a niche presence in the medicinal chemistry landscape, despite some compounds, such as the anticancer drug cisplatin, having had a profound impact and still being used extensively in cancer treatments today. Indeed, metal complexes have been largely ignored for antibiotic development. This is surprising as metal compounds have access to unique modes of action and exist in a wider range of three-dimensional geometries than purely organic compounds. These properties make them interesting starting points for the development of new drugs. In this perspective article, , the encouraging work that has been done on antimicrobial metal complexes, mainly over the last decade, is highlighted. Promising metal complexes, their activity profiles, and possible modes of action are discussed and issues that remain to be addressed are emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Frei
- Centre for Superbug Solutions, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Australia
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28
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Abstract
Platinum-group (PG) complexes have been used as antibacterial and anticancer agents since the discovery of cisplatin. The science world still requires improvement on these complexes because of multidrug and antineoplastic resistances. This review observes discoverers and history of these platinum-group metals (PGMs), as well as their beneficial applications. The focus of this study was biological applications of PGMs in relation to human health. Sandwich and half-sandwich PGM coordination compounds and their metal nanoparticles give improved results for biological activities by enhancing efficient delivery of both antibacterial and anticancer drugs, as well as luminescent bioimaging (biomarkers) for biological identifications.
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29
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Rubio AR, Fidalgo J, Martin-Vargas J, Pérez-Arnaiz C, Alonso-Torre SR, Biver T, Espino G, Busto N, García B. Biological activity and photocatalytic properties of a naphthyl-imidazo phenanthroline (HNAIP) ligand and its [Ir(ppy) 2(HNAIP)]Cl and [Rh(ppy) 2(HNAIP)]Cl complexes. J Inorg Biochem 2019; 203:110885. [PMID: 31731049 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.110885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The synthesized 2-(hydroxy-1-naphtyl)imidazo-[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline (HNAIP) ligand and its new iridium ([Ir(ppy)2(HNAIP)]Cl) and rhodium ([Rh(ppy)2(HNAIP)]Cl) complexes, being ppy = 2-phenylpiridinate, show cytotoxic effects in SW480 (colon adenocarcinoma) and A549 (epithelial lung adenocarcinoma) cells. They all are cytotoxic in the tested cell lines. HNAIP and [Rh(ppy)2(HNAIP)]+ are the most cytotoxic, whereas [Ir(ppy)2(HNAIP)]+ displays negligible cytotoxicity towards A549 cells and moderate activity towards SW480. The interaction of all three compounds with Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA), l-glutathione reduced (GSH), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and DNA was studied to explain the differences found in terms of cytotoxicity. None of them are able to interact with BSA, thus excluding bioavailability due to plasma protein interaction as the possible differentiating factor in their biological activity. By contrast, small differences have been observed regarding DNA interaction. In addition, taking advantage of the emission properties of these molecules, they have been visualized in the cytoplasmic region of A549 cells. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) experiments show, in turn, that the internalization ability follow the sequence [Rh(ppy)2(HNAIP)]+ > [Ir(ppy)2(HNAIP)]+ > cisplatin. Therefore, it seems clear that the cellular uptake by tumour cells is the key factor affecting the different cytotoxicity of the metal complexes and that this cellular uptake is influenced by the hydrophobicity of the studied complexes. On the other hand, preliminary catalytic experiments performed on the photo-oxidation of GSH and some amino acids such as l-methionine (Met), l-cysteine (Cys) and l-tryptophan (Trp) provide evidence for the photocatalytic activity of the Ir(III) complex in this type of reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana R Rubio
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Jairo Fidalgo
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Judit Martin-Vargas
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Cristina Pérez-Arnaiz
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Sara R Alonso-Torre
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Tarita Biver
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Gustavo Espino
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Natalia Busto
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Begoña García
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
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Ma DL, Wong SY, Kang TS, Ng HP, Han QB, Leung CH. Iridium(III)-based chemosensors for the detection of metal ions. Methods 2019; 168:3-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2019.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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Ma DL, Wu C, Wu KJ, Leung CH. Iridium(III) Complexes Targeting Apoptotic Cell Death in Cancer Cells. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24152739. [PMID: 31357712 PMCID: PMC6696146 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24152739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting apoptosis is a principal strategy in the design of anticancer drugs. In recent years, non-platinum-based scaffolds have been exploited as viable candidates for the exploitation of anticancer agents with potentially lower toxicity than the widely used cisplatin analogues. This review highlights the latest advances in developing iridium(III) complexes as anticancer agents that act particularly via targeting apoptotic cell death in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dik-Lung Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.
| | - Chun Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Ke-Jia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Chung-Hang Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.
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Ranieri AM, Caporale C, Fiorini V, Hubbard A, Rigby P, Stagni S, Watkin E, Ogden MI, Hackett MJ, Massi M. Complementary Approaches to Imaging Subcellular Lipid Architectures in Live Bacteria Using Phosphorescent Iridium Complexes and Raman Spectroscopy. Chemistry 2019; 25:10566-10570. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Ranieri
- Curtin Institute for Functional Molecules and Interfaces, and School of Molecular and Life SciencesCurtin University Bentley 6102 WA Australia
| | - Chiara Caporale
- Curtin Institute for Functional Molecules and Interfaces, and School of Molecular and Life SciencesCurtin University Bentley 6102 WA Australia
| | - Valentina Fiorini
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”University of Bologna, viale del Risorgimento4 40136 Bologna Italy
| | - Alysia Hubbard
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and AnalysisThe University of Western Australia Perth 6009 WA Australia
| | - Paul Rigby
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and AnalysisThe University of Western Australia Perth 6009 WA Australia
| | - Stefano Stagni
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”University of Bologna, viale del Risorgimento4 40136 Bologna Italy
| | - Elizabeth Watkin
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research InstituteCurtin University Kent Street Bentley 6102 Australia
| | - Mark I. Ogden
- Curtin Institute for Functional Molecules and Interfaces, and School of Molecular and Life SciencesCurtin University Bentley 6102 WA Australia
| | - Mark J. Hackett
- Curtin Institute for Functional Molecules and Interfaces, and School of Molecular and Life SciencesCurtin University Bentley 6102 WA Australia
| | - Massimiliano Massi
- Curtin Institute for Functional Molecules and Interfaces, and School of Molecular and Life SciencesCurtin University Bentley 6102 WA Australia
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M'bitsi-Ibouily GC, Marimuthu T, Kumar P, Choonara YE, du Toit LC, Pradeep P, Modi G, Pillay V. Synthesis, Characterisation and In Vitro Permeation, Dissolution and Cytotoxic Evaluation of Ruthenium(II)-Liganded Sulpiride and Amino Alcohol. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4146. [PMID: 30858469 PMCID: PMC6412051 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40538-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulpiride (SPR) is a selective antagonist of central dopamine receptors but has limited clinical use due to its poor pharmacokinetics. The aim of this study was to investigate how metal ligation to SPR may improve its solubility, intestinal permeability and prolong its half-life. The synthesis and characterisation of ternary metal complexes [Ru(p -cymene)(L)(SPR)]PF6 (L1 = (R)-(+)-2-amino-3-phenyl-1-propanol, L2 = ethanolamine, L3 = (S)-(+)-2-amino-1-propanol, L4 = 3-amino-1-propanol, L5 = (S)-(+)-2-pyrrolidinemethanol) are described in this work. The stability constant of the [Ru(p -cymene)(SPR)] complex was determined using Job's method. The obtained value revealed higher stability of the metal complex in the physiological pH than in an acidic environment such as the stomach. The ternary metal complexes were characterised by elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermal analyses, Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis). Solubility studies showed higher aqueous solubility for complexed SPR than the free drug. Dissolution profiles of SPR from the metal complexes exhibited slower dissolution rate of the drug. Permeation studies through the pig's intestine revealed enhanced membrane permeation of the complexed drug. In vitro methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay showed no noticeable toxic effects of the ternary metal complexes on Caco-2 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gretta C M'bitsi-Ibouily
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Thashree Marimuthu
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Yahya E Choonara
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Lisa C du Toit
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Priyamvada Pradeep
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Girish Modi
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neurosciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Viness Pillay
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa.
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Khorrami S, Zarrabi A, Khaleghi M, Danaei M, Mozafari MR. Selective cytotoxicity of green synthesized silver nanoparticles against the MCF-7 tumor cell line and their enhanced antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:8013-8024. [PMID: 30568442 PMCID: PMC6267361 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s189295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are of great interest due to their unique and controllable characteristics. Different synthesis methods have been proposed to produce these nanoparticles, which often require elevated temperatures/pressures or toxic solvents. Thus, green synthesis could be a replacement option as a simple, economically viable and environmentally friendly alternative approach for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Methods Here, the potential of the walnut green husk was investigated in the production of silver nanoparticles. An aqueous solution extracted from walnut green husk was used as a reducing agent as well as a stabilizing agent. Then, the synthesized nanoparticles were characterized with respect of their anticancer, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. Results Results showed that the synthesized nanoparticles possessed an average size of 31.4 nm with a Zeta potential of -33.8 mV, indicating high stability. A significant improvement in the cytotoxicity and antioxidant characteristics of the green synthesized Ag nanoparticles against a cancerous cell line was observed in comparison with the walnut green husk extract and a commercial silver nanoparticle (CSN). This could be due to a synergistic effect of the synthesized silver nanoparticles and their biological coating. AgNPs and the extract exhibited 70% and 40% cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cancerous cells, respectively, while CSN caused 56% cell death (at the concentration of 60 µg/mL). It was observed that AgNPs were much less cytotoxic when tested against a noncancerous cell line (L-929) in comparison with the control material (CSN). The free radical scavenging analysis demonstrated profound anti-oxidant activity for the synthesized nanoparticles in comparison with the extract and CSN. It was also detected that the synthesized AgNPs possess antibacterial activity against nosocomial and standard strains of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (minimum inhibitory concentration =5-30 µg/mL). Conclusion These findings imply that the synthesized nanoparticles using green nanotechnology could be an ideal strategy to combat cancer and infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Khorrami
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technologies, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran,
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technologies, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran,
| | - Moj Khaleghi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Danaei
- Australasian Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Initiative, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - M R Mozafari
- Australasian Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Initiative, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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Yang Y, Liao G, Fu C. Recent Advances on Octahedral Polypyridyl Ruthenium(II) Complexes as Antimicrobial Agents. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10060650. [PMID: 30966684 PMCID: PMC6404027 DOI: 10.3390/polym10060650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent developments of therapeutic agents based on transition metals have attracted a great deal of attention. Metal drugs have advantages over other small molecule drugs, and it was demonstrated that, in a number of studies, they played an important role in pharmaceutical chemical research and clinical chemotherapy of cancers. It is worthwhile mentioning that octahedral polypyridyl ruthenium(II) complexes have shown remarkable applications in chemical biology and medicinal chemistry over the last decade. However, only very recently has there been comprehensive interest in their antimicrobial properties due to metal-related toxic concerns or neglected potential roles in microbiological systems. Our review will highlight the recent developments in octahedral polypyridyl ruthenium(III) complexes that have exhibited significant antimicrobial activities and will discuss the relationship between the chemical structure and biological process of ruthenium complexes, in both bacterial and fungal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Guojian Liao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Chen Fu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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36
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Borges A, Simões M, Todorović TR, Filipović NR, García-Sosa AT. Cobalt Complex with Thiazole-Based Ligand as New Pseudomonas aeruginosa Quorum Quencher, Biofilm Inhibitor and Virulence Attenuator. Molecules 2018; 23:E1385. [PMID: 29890626 PMCID: PMC6099793 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most dreaded human pathogens, because of its intrinsic resistance to a number of commonly used antibiotics and ability to form sessile communities (biofilms). Innovative treatment strategies are required and that can rely on the attenuation of the pathogenicity and virulence traits. The interruption of the mechanisms of intercellular communication in bacteria (quorum sensing) is one of such promising strategies. A cobalt coordination compound (Co(HL)₂) synthesized from (E)-2-(2-(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)hydrazinyl)-4-(p-tolyl)thiazole (HL) is reported herein for the first time to inhibit P. aeruginosa 3-oxo-C12-HSL-dependent QS system (LasI/LasR system) and underling phenotypes (biofilm formation and virulence factors). Its interactions with a possible target, the transcriptional activator protein complex LasR-3-oxo-C12-HSL, was studied by molecular modeling with the coordination compound ligand having stronger predicted interactions than those of co-crystallized ligand 3-oxo-C12-HSL, as well as known-binder furvina. Transition metal group 9 coordination compounds may be explored in antipathogenic/antibacterial drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anabela Borges
- LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, Porto 4200-465, Portugal.
| | - Manuel Simões
- LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, Porto 4200-465, Portugal.
| | - Tamara R Todorović
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12⁻16, Belgrade 11000, Serbia.
| | - Nenad R Filipović
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, Belgrade 11000, Serbia.
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37
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The Discovery of an Iridium(III) Dimer Complex as a Potent Antibacterial Agent against Non-Replicating Mycobacterium smegmatis. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10030297. [PMID: 30966332 PMCID: PMC6414957 DOI: 10.3390/polym10030297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel agents are urgently needed to rapidly kill drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Noble metal complexes, particularly polypyridyl iridium complexes serving as therapeutic agents, have attracted considerable interest recently, due to their significant cytotoxic or antimicrobial activities. Here, we reported an polypyridyl iridium dimer complex [Ir(ppy)2Cl]2 (3), with ppy = phenylpyridine, which was found to be active against both exponential growing and non-replicating M. smegmatis, with minimum inhibitory concentration values of 2 μg/mL, and exhibited rapid bactericidal kinetics, killing pathogens within 30–60 min. Moreover, 3 was demonstrated to generate a large amount of reactive oxygen species and to be effective in drug-resistant strains. Taken together, the selectively active iridium(III) dimer complex showed promise for use as a novel drug candidate for the treatment of M. tuberculosis infection.
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38
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Ma DL, NG HP, Wong SY, Vellaisamy K, Wu KJ, Leung CH. Iridium(iii) complexes as reaction based chemosensors for medical diagnostics. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:15278-15282. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt03492c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This frontier article introduces recent developments and applications of iridium(iii) complexes as luminescent probes for ions and biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dik-Lung Ma
- Department of Chemistry
- Hong Kong Baptist University
- Kowloon Tong
- China
| | - Hing Pan NG
- Department of Chemistry
- Hong Kong Baptist University
- Kowloon Tong
- China
| | - Suk-Yu Wong
- Department of Chemistry
- Hong Kong Baptist University
- Kowloon Tong
- China
| | | | - Ke-Jia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences
- University of Macau
- China
| | - Chung-Hang Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences
- University of Macau
- China
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39
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Sauvageot E, Elie M, Gaillard S, Daniellou R, Fechter P, Schalk IJ, Gasser V, Renaud JL, Mislin GLA. Antipseudomonal activity enhancement of luminescent iridium(iii) dipyridylamine complexes under visible blue light. Metallomics 2017; 9:1820-1827. [PMID: 29164204 DOI: 10.1039/c7mt00262a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cyclometallated iridium(iii) dipyridylamine complexes present antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa, a highly resistant pathogenic bacterium. This activity is increased when the complex is conjugated to biotin, a bacterial nutrient, and a MIC of 4 μM (4 μg mL-1) has been observed. The irradiation of P. aeruginosa cultures with blue LED light potentiates the anti-bacterial activities of these iridium(iii) complexes when they are conjugated to a glycoside.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Sauvageot
- Normandy Université, LCMT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, 14000 Caen, France.
| | - M Elie
- Normandy Université, LCMT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, 14000 Caen, France.
| | - S Gaillard
- Normandy Université, LCMT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, 14000 Caen, France.
| | - R Daniellou
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA)-UMR CNRS 7311-Université d'Orléans, rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067 Orléans cedex 2, France.
| | - P Fechter
- CNRS, UMR7242 Biotechnologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France. and Université de Strasbourg, Institut de Recherche de l'Ecole de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - I J Schalk
- CNRS, UMR7242 Biotechnologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France. and Université de Strasbourg, Institut de Recherche de l'Ecole de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - V Gasser
- CNRS, UMR7242 Biotechnologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France. and Université de Strasbourg, Institut de Recherche de l'Ecole de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - J-L Renaud
- Normandy Université, LCMT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, 14000 Caen, France.
| | - G L A Mislin
- CNRS, UMR7242 Biotechnologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France. and Université de Strasbourg, Institut de Recherche de l'Ecole de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
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40
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Fiorini V, Zanoni I, Zacchini S, Costa AL, Hochkoeppler A, Zanotti V, Ranieri AM, Massi M, Stefan A, Stagni S. Methylation of Ir(iii)-tetrazolato complexes: an effective route to modulate the emission outputs and to switch to antimicrobial properties. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:12328-12338. [PMID: 28891573 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt02352a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Two neutral cyclometalated Ir(iii)-tetrazolato complexes that differ by variations of the substituents on either the phenylpyridine or the tetrazolate ligand have been converted into the corresponding methylated and cationic analogues. NMR (1H and 13C) characterization of the Ir(iii) complexes provided the results in agreement with the chemo- and regioselective character of methylation at the N-3 position of the Ir(iii)-coordinated tetrazolato ring. This evidence was further corroborated by the analysis of the molecular structures of the cationic complexes obtained by X-ray diffraction. In view of the photophysical properties, the addition of a methyl moiety to neutral Ir(iii) tetrazolates, which behave as sky-blue or orange phosphors, caused a systematic red shift of their phosphorescence output. The transformation of neutral Ir(iii) tetrazolates into cationic Ir(iii)-tetrazole complexes was screened for any eventual antimicrobial activity in vitro against Gram negative (E. coli) and Gram positive (D. radiodurans) microorganisms. While both kinds of complexes were not active against E. coli, the conversion of the neutral Ir(iii) tetrazolates into the corresponding methylated and cationic Ir(iii)tetrazole derivatives determined the turn-on of a good to excellent antimicrobial activity toward Gram positive Deinococcus radiodurans, a non-pathogenic bacterium that is listed as one of the toughest microorganisms in light of its outstanding resistance to radiation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Fiorini
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Zanoni
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna, Italy. and CNR-ISTEC-National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, Via Granarolo 64 I-48018, Faenza, RA, Italy
| | - Stefano Zacchini
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Anna Luisa Costa
- CNR-ISTEC-National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, Via Granarolo 64 I-48018, Faenza, RA, Italy
| | - Alejandro Hochkoeppler
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna, Italy. and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Valerio Zanotti
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Anna Maria Ranieri
- Nanochemistry Research Institute, Department of Chemistry, Curtin University, GPO Box U 1987, Perth, Australia 6845.
| | - Massimiliano Massi
- Nanochemistry Research Institute, Department of Chemistry, Curtin University, GPO Box U 1987, Perth, Australia 6845.
| | - Alessandra Stefan
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna, Italy. and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Stefano Stagni
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna, Italy.
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41
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Hellou N, Srebro‐Hooper M, Favereau L, Zinna F, Caytan E, Toupet L, Dorcet V, Jean M, Vanthuyne N, Williams JAG, Di Bari L, Autschbach J, Crassous J. Enantiopure Cycloiridiated Complexes Bearing a Pentahelicenic N‐Heterocyclic Carbene and Displaying Long‐Lived Circularly Polarized Phosphorescence. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201704263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nora Hellou
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 6226, Institut de Physique de Rennes, UMR 6251 CNRS Université de Rennes 1 Campus de Beaulieu 35042 Rennes Cedex France
| | | | - Ludovic Favereau
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 6226, Institut de Physique de Rennes, UMR 6251 CNRS Université de Rennes 1 Campus de Beaulieu 35042 Rennes Cedex France
| | - Francesco Zinna
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale University of Pisa via Moruzzi 13 56124 Pisa Italy
- Present address: Université de Genève Département de Chimie Organique Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30 1211 Genève 4 Switzerland
| | - Elsa Caytan
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 6226, Institut de Physique de Rennes, UMR 6251 CNRS Université de Rennes 1 Campus de Beaulieu 35042 Rennes Cedex France
| | - Loïc Toupet
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 6226, Institut de Physique de Rennes, UMR 6251 CNRS Université de Rennes 1 Campus de Beaulieu 35042 Rennes Cedex France
| | - Vincent Dorcet
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 6226, Institut de Physique de Rennes, UMR 6251 CNRS Université de Rennes 1 Campus de Beaulieu 35042 Rennes Cedex France
| | - Marion Jean
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2 Marseille France
| | - Nicolas Vanthuyne
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2 Marseille France
| | | | - Lorenzo Di Bari
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale University of Pisa via Moruzzi 13 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Jochen Autschbach
- Department of Chemistry University at Buffalo, State University of New York Buffalo NY 14260 USA
| | - Jeanne Crassous
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 6226, Institut de Physique de Rennes, UMR 6251 CNRS Université de Rennes 1 Campus de Beaulieu 35042 Rennes Cedex France
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42
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Hellou N, Srebro‐Hooper M, Favereau L, Zinna F, Caytan E, Toupet L, Dorcet V, Jean M, Vanthuyne N, Williams JAG, Di Bari L, Autschbach J, Crassous J. Enantiopure Cycloiridiated Complexes Bearing a Pentahelicenic N‐Heterocyclic Carbene and Displaying Long‐Lived Circularly Polarized Phosphorescence. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:8236-8239. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201704263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nora Hellou
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 6226, Institut de Physique de Rennes, UMR 6251 CNRS Université de Rennes 1 Campus de Beaulieu 35042 Rennes Cedex France
| | | | - Ludovic Favereau
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 6226, Institut de Physique de Rennes, UMR 6251 CNRS Université de Rennes 1 Campus de Beaulieu 35042 Rennes Cedex France
| | - Francesco Zinna
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale University of Pisa via Moruzzi 13 56124 Pisa Italy
- Present address: Université de Genève Département de Chimie Organique Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30 1211 Genève 4 Switzerland
| | - Elsa Caytan
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 6226, Institut de Physique de Rennes, UMR 6251 CNRS Université de Rennes 1 Campus de Beaulieu 35042 Rennes Cedex France
| | - Loïc Toupet
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 6226, Institut de Physique de Rennes, UMR 6251 CNRS Université de Rennes 1 Campus de Beaulieu 35042 Rennes Cedex France
| | - Vincent Dorcet
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 6226, Institut de Physique de Rennes, UMR 6251 CNRS Université de Rennes 1 Campus de Beaulieu 35042 Rennes Cedex France
| | - Marion Jean
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2 Marseille France
| | - Nicolas Vanthuyne
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2 Marseille France
| | | | - Lorenzo Di Bari
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale University of Pisa via Moruzzi 13 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Jochen Autschbach
- Department of Chemistry University at Buffalo, State University of New York Buffalo NY 14260 USA
| | - Jeanne Crassous
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 6226, Institut de Physique de Rennes, UMR 6251 CNRS Université de Rennes 1 Campus de Beaulieu 35042 Rennes Cedex France
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43
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Discovery of an Octahedral Silicon Complex as a Potent Antifungal Agent. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22040637. [PMID: 28420136 PMCID: PMC6154614 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22040637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Octahedral transition metal complexes have been shown to have tremendous applications in chemical biology and medicinal chemistry. Meanwhile, structural transition metals can be replaced by inert octahedral silicon in a proof-of-principle study. We here introduce the first example of octahedral silicon complexes, which can very well serve as an efficient antimicrobial agent. The typical silicon arenediolate complex 1 {[(phen)2Si(OO)](PF6)2, with phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, OO = 9,10-phenanthrenediolate} exhibited significant inhibition towards the growth of Cryptococcus neoformans with MIC and MFC values of 4.5 and 11.3 μM, respectively. Moreover, it was fungicidal against both proliferative and quiescent Cryptococcus cells. This work may set the stage for the development of novel antifungal drugs based upon hexacoodinate silicon scaffolds.
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44
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Yang C, Wang W, Liang JX, Li G, Vellaisamy K, Wong CY, Ma DL, Leung CH. A Rhodium(III)-Based Inhibitor of Lysine-Specific Histone Demethylase 1 as an Epigenetic Modulator in Prostate Cancer Cells. J Med Chem 2017; 60:2597-2603. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yang
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute
of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Wanhe Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jia-Xin Liang
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute
of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Guodong Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute
of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Kasipandi Vellaisamy
- Department
of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chun-Yuen Wong
- Department
of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee
Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
SAR, China
| | - Dik-Lung Ma
- Department
of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chung-Hang Leung
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute
of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
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45
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A rhodium(III)-based inhibitor of autotaxin with antiproliferative activity. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2017; 1861:256-263. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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46
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Osiak JG, Setzer T, Jones PG, Lennartz C, Dreuw A, Kowalsky W, Johannes HH. Twist it! The acid-dependent isomerization of homoleptic carbenic iridium(iii) complexes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:3295-3298. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc00697g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An acid mediated isomerization technique allows the conversion of meridional homoleptic carbenic iridium(iii) complexes into their facial counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslaw G. Osiak
- Institut für Hochfrequenztechnik
- Technische Universität Braunschweig
- Braunschweig
- Germany
| | | | - Peter G. Jones
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- Technische Universität Braunschweig
- Germany
| | | | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg
- Heidelberg
- Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kowalsky
- Institut für Hochfrequenztechnik
- Technische Universität Braunschweig
- Braunschweig
- Germany
| | - Hans-Hermann Johannes
- Institut für Hochfrequenztechnik
- Technische Universität Braunschweig
- Braunschweig
- Germany
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47
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Setzer T, Lennartz C, Dreuw A. A theoretical study on the mechanistic highlights behind the Brønsted-acid dependent mer–fac isomerization of homoleptic carbenic iridium complexes for PhOLEDs. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:7194-7209. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt01201b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The strongly acid-dependent mer–fac isomerization reaction of homoleptic carbenic iridium complexes used in PhOLEDs has been investigated quantum chemically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Setzer
- BASF SE
- ROM/CQ – B009
- 67056 Ludwigshafen am Rhein
- Germany
| | | | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg
- 69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
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48
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Yellol J, Pérez SA, Yellol G, Zajac J, Donaire A, Vigueras G, Novohradsky V, Janiak C, Brabec V, Ruiz J. Highly potent extranuclear-targeted luminescent iridium(iii) antitumor agents containing benzimidazole-based ligands with a handle for functionalization. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:14165-14168. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc07909a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This discovery could open the door to a new large family of multifunctional bioconjugated drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Yellol
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”
- Universidad de Murcia, and Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca)
- E-30071 Murcia
- Spain
| | - Sergio A. Pérez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”
- Universidad de Murcia, and Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca)
- E-30071 Murcia
- Spain
| | - Gorakh Yellol
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”
- Universidad de Murcia, and Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca)
- E-30071 Murcia
- Spain
| | - Juraj Zajac
- Institute of Biophysics
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- 612 65 Brno
- Czech Republic
- Department of Biophysics
| | - Antonio Donaire
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”
- Universidad de Murcia, and Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca)
- E-30071 Murcia
- Spain
| | - Gloria Vigueras
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”
- Universidad de Murcia, and Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca)
- E-30071 Murcia
- Spain
| | - Vojtech Novohradsky
- Institute of Biophysics
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- 612 65 Brno
- Czech Republic
| | - Christoph Janiak
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf
- D-40225 Düsseldorf
- Germany
| | - Viktor Brabec
- Institute of Biophysics
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- 612 65 Brno
- Czech Republic
- Department of Biophysics
| | - José Ruiz
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”
- Universidad de Murcia, and Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca)
- E-30071 Murcia
- Spain
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