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Wu L, Huang X, Wang M, Chen J, Chang J, Zhang H, Zhang X, Conn A, Rossiter J, Birchall M, Song W. Tunable Light-Responsive Polyurethane-urea Elastomer Driven by Photochemical and Photothermal Coupling Mechanism. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:19480-19495. [PMID: 38581369 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Light-driven soft actuators based on photoresponsive materials can be used to mimic biological motion, such as hand movements, without involving rigid or bulky electromechanical actuations. However, to our knowledge, no robust photoresponsive material with desireable mechanical and biological properties and relatively simple manufacture exists for robotics and biomedical applications. Herein, we report a new visible-light-responsive thermoplastic elastomer synthesized by introducing photoswitchable moieties (i.e., azobenzene derivatives) into the main chain of poly(ε-caprolactone) based polyurethane urea (PAzo). A PAzo elastomer exhibits controllable light-driven stiffness softening due to its unique nanophase structure in response to light, while possessing excellent hyperelasticity (stretchability of 575.2%, elastic modulus of 17.6 MPa, and strength of 44.0 MPa). A bilayer actuator consisting of PAzo and polyimide films is developed, demonstrating tunable bending modes by varying incident light intensities. Actuation mechanism via photothermal and photochemical coupling effects of a soft-hard nanophase is demonstrated through both experimental and theoretical analyses. We demonstrate an exemplar application of visible-light-controlled soft "fingers" playing a piano on a smartphone. The robustness of the PAzo elastomer and its scalability, in addition to its excellent biocompatibility, opens the door to the development of reproducible light-driven wearable/implantable actuators and lightweight soft robots for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wu
- Centre of Biomaterials for in Surgical Reconstruction and Regeneration, Department of Surgical Biotechnology, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom
| | - Xia Huang
- Centre of Biomaterials for in Surgical Reconstruction and Regeneration, Department of Surgical Biotechnology, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom
| | - Meng Wang
- Centre of Biomaterials for in Surgical Reconstruction and Regeneration, Department of Surgical Biotechnology, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom
| | - Jishizhan Chen
- Centre of Biomaterials for in Surgical Reconstruction and Regeneration, Department of Surgical Biotechnology, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom
| | - Jinke Chang
- Centre of Biomaterials for in Surgical Reconstruction and Regeneration, Department of Surgical Biotechnology, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom
| | - Han Zhang
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Xuetong Zhang
- Centre of Biomaterials for in Surgical Reconstruction and Regeneration, Department of Surgical Biotechnology, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Andrew Conn
- Dept of Engineering Mathematics and Bristol Robotics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1UB, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Rossiter
- Dept of Engineering Mathematics and Bristol Robotics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1UB, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Birchall
- UCL Ear Institute, Royal National Ear Nose and Throat and Eastman Dental Hospitals (UCLH NHS Foundation Trust), University College London, London WC1X 8EE, United Kingdom
| | - Wenhui Song
- Centre of Biomaterials for in Surgical Reconstruction and Regeneration, Department of Surgical Biotechnology, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom
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Lei X, Yang B, Chen J, Yang F, Tang J, Li J, Zhao Q, Zhang J, Li J, Li Y, Zuo Y. Biodegradable Polyurethane Scaffolds in Regeneration Therapy: Characterization and In Vivo Real-Time Degradation Monitoring by Grafted Fluorescent Tracer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:111-126. [PMID: 38112686 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c13187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need to assess material degradation in situ and in real time for their promising application in regeneration therapy. However, traditional monitoring methods in vitro cannot always profile the complicated behavior in vivo. This study designed and synthesized a new biodegradable polyurethane (PU-P) scaffold with polycaprolactone glycol, isophorone diisocyanate, and l-lysine ethyl ester dihydrochloride. To monitor the degradation process of PU-P, calcein was introduced into the backbone (PU-5) as a chromophore tracing in different sites of the body and undegradable fluorescent scaffold (CPU-5) as the control group. Both PU-P and PU-5 can be enzymatically degraded, and the degradation products are molecularly small and biosafe. Meanwhile, by virtue of calcein anchoring with urethane, polymer chains of PU-5 have maintained the conformational stability and extended the system conjugation, raising a structure-induced emission effect that successfully achieved a significant enhancement in the fluorescence intensity better than pristine calcein. Evidently, unlike the weak fluorescent response of CPU-5, PU-5 and its degradation can be clearly imaged and monitored in real time after implantation in the subcutaneous tissue of nude mice. Meanwhile, the in situ osteogeneration has also been promoted after the two degradable scaffolds have been implanted in the rabbit femoral condyles and degraded with time. To sum up, the strategy of underpinning tracers into degradable polymer chains provides a possible and effective way for real-time monitoring of the degradation process of implants in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Lei
- Research Center for Nano Biomaterials, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People's Republic of China
| | - Boyuan Yang
- Research Center for Nano Biomaterials, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Chen
- Research Center for Nano Biomaterials, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Yang
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Department of Dentistry-Biomaterials, Radboud University Medical Center, Philips van Leydenlaan 25, Nijmegen 6525EX, The Netherlands
| | - Jiajing Tang
- Research Center for Nano Biomaterials, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People's Republic of China
| | - Jihua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Research Center for Nano Biomaterials, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinzheng Zhang
- Research Center for Nano Biomaterials, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People's Republic of China
| | - Jidong Li
- Research Center for Nano Biomaterials, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People's Republic of China
| | - Yubao Li
- Research Center for Nano Biomaterials, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zuo
- Research Center for Nano Biomaterials, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People's Republic of China
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Cheesbrough A, Sciscione F, Riccio F, Harley P, R'Bibo L, Ziakas G, Darbyshire A, Lieberam I, Song W. Biobased Elastomer Nanofibers Guide Light-Controlled Human-iPSC-Derived Skeletal Myofibers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2110441. [PMID: 35231133 PMCID: PMC9131876 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202110441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Generating skeletal muscle tissue that mimics the cellular alignment, maturation, and function of native skeletal muscle is an ongoing challenge in disease modeling and regenerative therapies. Skeletal muscle cultures require extracellular guidance and mechanical support to stabilize contractile myofibers. Existing microfabrication-based solutions are limited by complex fabrication steps, low throughput, and challenges in measuring dynamic contractile function. Here, the synthesis and characterization of a new biobased nanohybrid elastomer, which is electrospun into aligned nanofiber sheets to mimic the skeletal muscle extracellular matrix, is presented. The polymer exhibits remarkable hyperelasticity well-matched to that of native skeletal muscle (≈11-50 kPa), with ultimate strain ≈1000%, and elastic modulus ≈25 kPa. Uniaxially aligned nanofibers guide myoblast alignment, enhance sarcomere formation, and promote a ≈32% increase in myotube fusion and ≈50% increase in myofiber maturation. The elastomer nanofibers stabilize optogenetically controlled human induced pluripotent stem cell derived skeletal myofibers. When activated by blue light, the myofiber-nanofiber hybrid constructs maintain a significantly higher (>200%) contraction velocity and specific force (>280%) compared to conventional culture methods. The engineered myofibers exhibit a power density of ≈35 W m-3 . This system is a promising new skeletal muscle tissue model for applications in muscular disease modeling, drug discovery, and muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimee Cheesbrough
- UCL Centre for Biomaterials in Surgical Reconstruction and RegenerationDepartment of Surgical BiotechnologyDivision of Surgery and Interventional ScienceUniversity College LondonLondonNW3 2PFUK
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative MedicineMRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental DisordersCentre for Developmental NeurobiologyKings College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
| | - Fabiola Sciscione
- UCL Centre for Biomaterials in Surgical Reconstruction and RegenerationDepartment of Surgical BiotechnologyDivision of Surgery and Interventional ScienceUniversity College LondonLondonNW3 2PFUK
| | - Federica Riccio
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative MedicineMRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental DisordersCentre for Developmental NeurobiologyKings College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
| | - Peter Harley
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative MedicineMRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental DisordersCentre for Developmental NeurobiologyKings College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
| | - Lea R'Bibo
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative MedicineMRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental DisordersCentre for Developmental NeurobiologyKings College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
| | - Georgios Ziakas
- UCL Centre for Biomaterials in Surgical Reconstruction and RegenerationDepartment of Surgical BiotechnologyDivision of Surgery and Interventional ScienceUniversity College LondonLondonNW3 2PFUK
| | - Arnold Darbyshire
- UCL Centre for Biomaterials in Surgical Reconstruction and RegenerationDepartment of Surgical BiotechnologyDivision of Surgery and Interventional ScienceUniversity College LondonLondonNW3 2PFUK
| | - Ivo Lieberam
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative MedicineMRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental DisordersCentre for Developmental NeurobiologyKings College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
| | - Wenhui Song
- UCL Centre for Biomaterials in Surgical Reconstruction and RegenerationDepartment of Surgical BiotechnologyDivision of Surgery and Interventional ScienceUniversity College LondonLondonNW3 2PFUK
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Ozimek J, Pielichowski K. Recent Advances in Polyurethane/POSS Hybrids for Biomedical Applications. Molecules 2021; 27:molecules27010040. [PMID: 35011280 PMCID: PMC8746980 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced organic-inorganic materials-composites, nanocomposites, and hybrids with various compositions offer unique properties required for biomedical applications. One of the most promising inorganic (nano)additives are polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS); their biocompatibility, non-toxicity, and phase separation ability that modifies the material porosity are fundamental properties required in modern biomedical applications. When incorporated, chemically or physically, into polyurethane matrices, they substantially change polymer properties, including mechanical properties, surface characteristics, and bioactivity. Hence, this review is dedicated to POSS-PU composites that have recently been developed for applications in the biomedical field. First, different modes of POSS incorporation into PU structure have been presented, then recent developments of PU/POSS hybrids as bio-active composites for scaffolds, cardiovascular stents, valves, and membranes, as well as in bio-imaging and cancer treatment, have been described. Finally, characterization and methods of modification routes of polyurethane-based materials with silsesquioxanes were presented.
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Li L, Wang M, Wu X, Yi W, Xiao Q. Bio-based polyurethane nanocomposite thin coatings from two comparable POSS with eight same vertex groups for controlled release urea. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9917. [PMID: 33972621 PMCID: PMC8110765 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89254-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanocomposite modification has attracted much attention in improving properties of bio-based polymer coating material for coated fertilizer. Herein two comparable polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS), with eight poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and octaphenyl groups attached to the cage, respectively, were successfully incorporated into thin castor oil-based polyurethane coatings via in-situ polymerization on the urea surface. The nanostructure coatings are environmentally friendly, easy to prepare, and property-tunable. The results show that the vertex group of POSS had a pronounced influence on dispersion level and interaction between polyurethane and POSS that well-tuned the release pattern and period of coated urea, even at the coating rate as low as of 2 wt%. The liquid POSS with long and flexible PEG groups had better compatibility and dispersibility in polyurethane matrix than the solid POSS with rigid octaphenyl groups, as evidenced by SEM/EDS. The unique properties were resulted from the different extents of physical crosslinkings. This modification of bio-based polyurethane coating with POSS provided an alternative method of regulating and controlling the properties of coated fertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Li
- grid.418260.90000 0004 0646 9053Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resource, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097 China ,Research Center of Beijing Municipal Slow and Controlled Release Fertilizers Engineering Technology, Beijing, 100097 China
| | - Meng Wang
- grid.412017.10000 0001 0266 8918School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 China
| | - Xiandong Wu
- grid.418260.90000 0004 0646 9053Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resource, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097 China ,grid.412017.10000 0001 0266 8918School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 China
| | - Wenping Yi
- grid.418260.90000 0004 0646 9053Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resource, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097 China ,Research Center of Beijing Municipal Slow and Controlled Release Fertilizers Engineering Technology, Beijing, 100097 China
| | - Qiang Xiao
- grid.418260.90000 0004 0646 9053Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resource, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097 China ,Research Center of Beijing Municipal Slow and Controlled Release Fertilizers Engineering Technology, Beijing, 100097 China
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Nazir R, Bruyneel A, Carr C, Czernuszka J. Mechanical and Degradation Properties of Hybrid Scaffolds for Tissue Engineered Heart Valve (TEHV). J Funct Biomater 2021; 12:20. [PMID: 33803209 PMCID: PMC8006234 DOI: 10.3390/jfb12010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to biocompatibility, an ideal scaffold for the regeneration of valvular tissue should also replicate the natural heart valve extracellular matrix (ECM) in terms of biomechanical properties and structural stability. In our previous paper, we demonstrated the development of collagen type I and hyaluronic acid (HA)-based scaffolds with interlaced microstructure. Such hybrid scaffolds were found to be compatible with cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs) to potentially regenerate the diseased aortic heart valve. This paper focused on the quantification of the effect of crosslinking density on the mechanical properties under dry and wet conditions as well as degradation resistance. Elastic moduli increased with increasing crosslinking densities, in the dry and wet state, for parent networks, whereas those of interlaced scaffolds were higher than either network alone. Compressive and storage moduli ranged from 35 ± 5 to 95 ± 5 kPa and 16 ± 2 kPa to 113 ± 6 kPa, respectively, in the dry state. Storage moduli, in the dry state, matched and exceeded those of human aortic valve leaflets (HAVL). Similarly, degradation resistance increased with increasing the crosslinking densities for collagen-only and HA-only scaffolds. Interlaced scaffolds showed partial degradation in the presence of either collagenase or hyaluronidase as compared to when exposed to both enzymes together. These results agree with our previous findings that interlaced scaffolds were composed of independent collagen and HA networks without crosslinking between them. Thus, collagen/HA interlaced scaffolds have the potential to fill in the niche for designing an ideal tissue engineered heart valve (TEHV).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Nazir
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, UK;
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM), COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Arne Bruyneel
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK; (A.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Carolyn Carr
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK; (A.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Jan Czernuszka
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, UK;
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Wandel MB, Bell CA, Yu J, Arno MC, Dreger NZ, Hsu YH, Pitto-Barry A, Worch JC, Dove AP, Becker ML. Concomitant control of mechanical properties and degradation in resorbable elastomer-like materials using stereochemistry and stoichiometry for soft tissue engineering. Nat Commun 2021; 12:446. [PMID: 33469013 PMCID: PMC7815890 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20610-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex biological tissues are highly viscoelastic and dynamic. Efforts to repair or replace cartilage, tendon, muscle, and vasculature using materials that facilitate repair and regeneration have been ongoing for decades. However, materials that possess the mechanical, chemical, and resorption characteristics necessary to recapitulate these tissues have been difficult to mimic using synthetic resorbable biomaterials. Herein, we report a series of resorbable elastomer-like materials that are compositionally identical and possess varying ratios of cis:trans double bonds in the backbone. These features afford concomitant control over the mechanical and surface eroding degradation properties of these materials. We show the materials can be functionalized post-polymerization with bioactive species and enhance cell adhesion. Furthermore, an in vivo rat model demonstrates that degradation and resorption are dependent on succinate stoichiometry in the elastomers and the results show limited inflammation highlighting their potential for use in soft tissue regeneration and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Beth Wandel
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - Craig A Bell
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Jiayi Yu
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - Maria C Arno
- School of Chemistry, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Nathan Z Dreger
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - Yen-Hao Hsu
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - Anaïs Pitto-Barry
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Joshua C Worch
- School of Chemistry, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Andrew P Dove
- School of Chemistry, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Matthew L Becker
- Department of Chemistry, Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, 20899, USA.
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Kapoor B, Gulati M, Singh SK, Khatik GL, Gupta R, Kumar R, Kumar R, Gowthamarajan K, Mahajan S, Gupta S. Fail-safe nano-formulation of prodrug of sulfapyridine: Preparation and evaluation for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 118:111332. [PMID: 33254964 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Aim of the present study was to give a second life to the long-abandoned drug, sulfapyridine (SP) for its anti-arthritic potential by design of nano-vesicular delivery system. For this, intra-articular delivery of its liposomal formulation was tried. As the prepared formulation exhibited rapid drug leakage, an arthritis responsive prodrug of SP showing lability towards synovial enzymes was synthesized to exploit the over-expression of arthritis specific enzymes. Prodrug (SP-PD) exhibited better retention in liposomes as compared to the drug, preventing its escape from synovium. Hydrolysis of SP-PD in human plasma and synovial fluid indicated its high susceptibility to enzymes. The liposomes of SP-PD exhibited larger mean size, less PDI and higher zeta potential as compared to those for SP liposomes. In arthritic rats, prodrug liposomes were found to reverse the symptoms of inflammation, including the levels of biochemical markers. Liposomes of bio-responsive prodrug, therefore, offer a revolutionary approach in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhupinder Kapoor
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144401, Punjab, India
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144401, Punjab, India.
| | - Sachin K Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144401, Punjab, India
| | - Gopal L Khatik
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144401, Punjab, India
| | - Reena Gupta
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144401, Punjab, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144401, Punjab, India
| | - Rajan Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144401, Punjab, India
| | - K Gowthamarajan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India; Centre of Excellence in Nanoscience & Technology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sanjeev Mahajan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Joint Replacement and Sports Injuries, Fortis Hospital, Chandigarh Road, Ludhiana 141015, Punjab, India
| | - Som Gupta
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation(,) Fortis Hospital, Chandigarh Road, Ludhiana 141015, Punjab, India
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9
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In situ synthesized TiO 2-polyurethane nanocomposite for bypass graft application: In vitro endothelialization and degradation. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 114:111043. [PMID: 32993998 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The in vitro endothelial response of human umbilical vein endothelial cells was investigated on a poly (caprolactone)-based polyurethane surface vs an in situ TiO2-polyurethane nanocomposite surface, which has been produced as scaffolds for artificial vascular graft. The in situ synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles in polyurethane provided surface properties that facilitated cellular adhesion, cell sensing, cell probing and especially cell migration. Cells on the nanocomposite surface have elongated morphology and were able to produce more extracellular matrix. All of these advantages led to an increase in the rate of endothelialization of the nanocomposite scaffold surface vs pure polyurethane. The presence of TiO2 nanoparticles with very good distribution in polyurethane increased the degradability of the scaffolds by increasing the phase separation and hydrophilicity in the nanocomposite film. The results showed that the degradation mechanism of nanocomposite films prompted the interconnectivity of spaces inside structures that probably could give extra chances to improve migration and proliferation of cells, as well as, the delivery of nutrients and metabolites inside the pores of the scaffold. The outcomes revealed that the rate of endothelialization of the nanocomposite scaffold after 7 days of in vitro cell culture was 1.5 times and the rate of degradation of the nanocomposite film was 2 times after 8 weeks of immersion scaffolds in PBS compared to the polyurethane scaffolds. In addition, the nanocomposite scaffold possessed good mechanical properties. Despite its high modulus, it was flexible with a 500% elongation at break.
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10
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Naderi N, Griffin MF, Mosahebi A, Butler PE, Seifalian AM. Adipose derived stem cells and platelet rich plasma improve the tissue integration and angiogenesis of biodegradable scaffolds for soft tissue regeneration. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:2005-2013. [PMID: 32072400 PMCID: PMC7688190 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05297-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Current surgical reconstruction for soft tissue replacement involves lipotransfer to restore soft tissue replacements but is limited by survival and longevity of the fat tissue. Alternative approaches to overcome these limitations include using biodegradable scaffolds with stem cells with growth factors to generate soft tissue. Adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) offer great potential to differentiate into adipose, and can be delivered using biodegradable scaffolds. However, the optimal scaffold to maximise this approach is unknown. This study investigates the biocompatibility of nanocomposite scaffolds (POSS-PCL) to deliver ADSCs with and without the addition of growth factors using platelet rich plasma (PRP) in vivo. Rat ADSCs were isolated and then seeded on biodegradable scaffolds (POSS-PCL). In addition, donor rats were used to isolate PRP to modify the scaffolds. The implants were then subcutaneously implanted for 3-months to assess the effect of PRP and ADSC on POSS-PCL scaffolds biocompatibility. Histology after explanation was examined to assess tissue integration (H&E) and collagen production (Massons Trichome). Immunohistochemistry was used to assess angiogenesis (CD3, α-SMA), immune response (CD45, CD68) and adipose formation (PPAR-γ). At 3-months PRP-ADSC-POSS-PCL scaffolds demonstrated significantly increased tissue integration and angiogenesis compared to PRP, ADSC and unmodified scaffolds (p < 0.05). In addition, PRP-ADSC-POSS-PCL scaffolds showed similar levels of CD45 and CD68 staining compared to unmodified scaffolds. Furthermore, there was increased PPAR-γ staining demonstrated at 3-months with PRP-ADSC-POSS-PCL scaffolds (p < 0.05). POSS-PCL nanocomposite scaffolds provide an effective delivery system for ADSCs. PRP and ADSC work synergistically to enhance the biocompatibility of POSS-PCL scaffolds and provide a platform technology for soft tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Naderi
- UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK.,Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, London, UK.,Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, Pond Street, London, UK
| | - M F Griffin
- UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK. .,Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, London, UK. .,Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, Pond Street, London, UK.
| | - A Mosahebi
- UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK.,Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, London, UK.,Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, Pond Street, London, UK
| | - P E Butler
- UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK.,Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, London, UK.,Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, Pond Street, London, UK
| | - A M Seifalian
- UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK.,Director/Professor Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine, NanoRegMed Ltd, London, UK
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Redfearn A, Scarpa M, Orlu M, Hanson B. In Vitro Oral Cavity Model for Screening the Disintegration Behavior of Orodispersible Films: A Bespoke Design. J Pharm Sci 2019; 108:1831-1836. [PMID: 30639737 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2018.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The availability of biorelevant methods for the disintegration study of pharmaceutical orodispersible dosage forms is required. The disintegration of orodispersibles should be assessed using in vitro methods that can combine biorelevant volumes of disintegration medium and mechanical stresses mimicking in vivo conditions. This study proposes an adaptation of a mechanical oral cavity model for the disintegration study of orodispersible films. A periodic compression is applied to the sample in the presence of a biorelevant volume of artificial salivary fluid. Four orodispersible film samples (P1, C1, P2, and C2), differing in polymer type and molecular weight, and Listerine® were tested and filmed during disintegration. An image analysis program was developed for the determination of the volume reduction of the film matrix over time, as a descriptor of film disintegration behavior. Samples P1 and Listerine® showed a volume reduction at 180 s of >90%, C1, P2, and C2 were 85%, 48%, and 37%, respectively. The model was able to detect differences in the disintegration behavior of the 4 samples, and results were comparable with the benchmark product. The concept of disintegration behavior of orodispersible films was introduced for the first time as an informative method for the study of orodispersible dosage form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Redfearn
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, UK.
| | | | - Mine Orlu
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ben Hanson
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
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12
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Dong F, Lu L, Ha C. Silsesquioxane‐Containing Hybrid Nanomaterials: Fascinating Platforms for Advanced Applications. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201800324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fuping Dong
- Department of Polymer Materials and EngineeringCollege of Materials and MetallurgyGuizhou University Guiyang 550025 China
| | - Liangyu Lu
- Department of Polymer Materials and EngineeringCollege of Materials and MetallurgyGuizhou University Guiyang 550025 China
| | - Chang‐Sik Ha
- Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringPusan National University Busan 46241 Republic of Korea
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13
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Phan DC, Goodwin DG, Frank BP, Bouwer EJ, Fairbrother DH. Biodegradability of carbon nanotube/polymer nanocomposites under aerobic mixed culture conditions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 639:804-814. [PMID: 29803051 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The properties and commercial viability of biodegradable polymers can be significantly enhanced by the incorporation of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The environmental impact and persistence of these carbon nanotube/polymer nanocomposites (CNT/PNCs) after disposal will be strongly influenced by their microbial interactions, including their biodegradation rates. At the end of consumer use, CNT/PNCs will encounter diverse communities of microorganisms in landfills, surface waters, and wastewater treatment plants. To explore CNT/PNC biodegradation under realistic environmental conditions, the effect of multi-wall CNT (MWCNT) incorporation on the biodegradation of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) was investigated using a mixed culture of microorganisms from wastewater. Relative to unfilled PHA (0% w/w), the MWCNT loading (0.5-10% w/w) had no statistically significant effect on the rate of PHA matrix biodegradation. Independent of the MWCNT loading, the extent of CNT/PNC mass remaining closely corresponded to the initial mass of CNTs in the matrix suggesting a lack of CNT release. CNT/PNC biodegradation was complete in approximately 20 days and resulted in the formation of a compressed CNT mat that retained the shape of the initial CNT/PNC. This study suggests that although CNTs have been shown to be cytotoxic towards a range of different microorganisms, this does not necessarily impact the biodegradation of the surrounding polymer matrix in mixed culture, particularly in situations where the polymer type and/or microbial population favor rapid polymer biodegradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duc C Phan
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, United States
| | - David G Goodwin
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States
| | - Benjamin P Frank
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States
| | - Edward J Bouwer
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States
| | - D Howard Fairbrother
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States.
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John Ł. Selected developments and medical applications of organic-inorganic hybrid biomaterials based on functionalized spherosilicates. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 88:172-181. [PMID: 29636133 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Well-defined and tailor-made spherosilicates and POSS-based (POSS = Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes) (nano)composites with interesting chemical and mechanical properties have applications in the widely-regarded field of innovative biomaterials. They can serve as delivery systems, three-dimensional scaffolds for specific tissue engineering, biomaterials for orthopedic, cardiovascular, and reconstructive surgery, etc. Such organic-inorganic hybrids are much more effective biomaterials than pure polymers, bioglasses, metals, alloys, and ceramics currently used in medical applications and are considered as next-generation systems in innovative medical approaches. This range of applications creates a strong impetus for novel, cheap, and easy-to-scale-up methods for their synthesis. In this review (highlights since 2006), selected biomaterials consisting of various polymeric derivatives such as polymethacrylates, polylactides, polycaprolactones, polyurethanes, etc., which serve as organic side-arms of POSS and can create polymer platforms for precisely localized spherosilicates among organic matrices, are discussed as a new generation of silicon-based biosystems using spherosilicates, promising biomaterials with a particular use in soft- and hard-tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz John
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland.
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15
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Yu LY, Su GM, Chen CK, Chiang YT, Lo CL. Specific Cancer Cytosolic Drug Delivery Triggered by Reactive Oxygen Species-Responsive Micelles. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:3040-7. [PMID: 27536957 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b00916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cytosolic drug delivery, a major route in cancer therapy, is limited by the lack of efficient and safe endosomal escape techniques. Herein, we demonstrate a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive micelle composed of methoxy polyethylene glycol-b-poly(diethyl sulfide) (mPEG-PS) copolymers which can induce specific endosome escape in cancer cells by changes in the hydrophobicity of copolymers. Owing to the more ROS levels in cancer cells than normal cells, the copolymers can be converted into more hydrophilic and insert into and destabilize the cancer intracellular endosome membrane after cellular uptake. More importantly, we show that acid-intolerant drugs successfully maintain their bioactivity and cause selective cytotoxicity for cancer cells over normal cells. Our results suggest that the endosomal escape induced by hydrophobic-hydrophilic exchange of copolymers has great potential to locally and efficiently deliver biological agents (e.g., proteins and genes) in the cancer cell cytosol.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yi-Ting Chiang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University , Taichung 40402, Taiwan, Republic of China
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