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Das V, Miller JH, Alladi CG, Annadurai N, De Sanctis JB, Hrubá L, Hajdúch M. Antineoplastics for treating Alzheimer's disease and dementia: Evidence from preclinical and observational studies. Med Res Rev 2024. [PMID: 38530106 DOI: 10.1002/med.22033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
As the world population ages, there will be an increasing need for effective therapies for aging-associated neurodegenerative disorders, which remain untreatable. Dementia due to Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the leading neurological diseases in the aging population. Current therapeutic approaches to treat this disorder are solely symptomatic, making the need for new molecular entities acting on the causes of the disease extremely urgent. One of the potential solutions is to use compounds that are already in the market. The structures have known pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, toxicity profiles, and patient data available in several countries. Several drugs have been used successfully to treat diseases different from their original purposes, such as autoimmunity and peripheral inflammation. Herein, we divulge the repurposing of drugs in the area of neurodegenerative diseases, focusing on the therapeutic potential of antineoplastics to treat dementia due to AD and dementia. We briefly touch upon the shared pathological mechanism between AD and cancer and drug repurposing strategies, with a focus on artificial intelligence. Next, we bring out the current status of research on the development of drugs, provide supporting evidence from retrospective, clinical, and preclinical studies on antineoplastic use, and bring in new areas, such as repurposing drugs for the prion-like spreading of pathologies in treating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viswanath Das
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Czech Advanced Technologies and Research Institute (CATRIN), Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - John H Miller
- School of Biological Sciences and Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Charanraj Goud Alladi
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Narendran Annadurai
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Juan Bautista De Sanctis
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Czech Advanced Technologies and Research Institute (CATRIN), Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Hrubá
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Czech Advanced Technologies and Research Institute (CATRIN), Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Marián Hajdúch
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Czech Advanced Technologies and Research Institute (CATRIN), Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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2
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Naus E, Derweduwe M, Lampi Y, Claeys A, Pauwels J, Langenberg T, Claes F, Xu J, Haemels V, Atak ZK, van der Kant R, Van Durme J, De Baets G, Ligon KL, Fiers M, Gevaert K, Aerts S, Rousseau F, Schymkowitz J, De Smet F. Reduced Levels of Misfolded and Aggregated Mutant p53 by Proteostatic Activation. Cells 2023; 12:cells12060960. [PMID: 36980299 PMCID: PMC10047295 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In malignant cancer, excessive amounts of mutant p53 often lead to its aggregation, a feature that was recently identified as druggable. Here, we describe that induction of a heat shock-related stress response mediated by Foldlin, a small-molecule tool compound, reduces the protein levels of misfolded/aggregated mutant p53, while contact mutants or wild-type p53 remain largely unaffected. Foldlin also prevented the formation of stress-induced p53 nuclear inclusion bodies. Despite our inability to identify a specific molecular target, Foldlin also reduced protein levels of aggregating SOD1 variants. Finally, by screening a library of 778 FDA-approved compounds for their ability to reduce misfolded mutant p53, we identified the proteasome inhibitor Bortezomib with similar cellular effects as Foldlin. Overall, the induction of a cellular heat shock response seems to be an effective strategy to deal with pathological protein aggregation. It remains to be seen however, how this strategy can be translated to a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyne Naus
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (E.N.); (Y.L.); (T.L.); (F.C.); (J.X.); (Z.K.A.); (R.v.d.K.); (J.V.D.); (G.D.B.); (M.F.); (S.A.); (F.R.); (J.S.)
- Switch Laboratory, Department for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marleen Derweduwe
- The Laboratory for Precision Cancer Medicine, Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (V.H.); (K.G.)
| | - Youlia Lampi
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (E.N.); (Y.L.); (T.L.); (F.C.); (J.X.); (Z.K.A.); (R.v.d.K.); (J.V.D.); (G.D.B.); (M.F.); (S.A.); (F.R.); (J.S.)
- Switch Laboratory, Department for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Annelies Claeys
- The Laboratory for Precision Cancer Medicine, Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (V.H.); (K.G.)
| | - Jarne Pauwels
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium;
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tobias Langenberg
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (E.N.); (Y.L.); (T.L.); (F.C.); (J.X.); (Z.K.A.); (R.v.d.K.); (J.V.D.); (G.D.B.); (M.F.); (S.A.); (F.R.); (J.S.)
- Switch Laboratory, Department for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Filip Claes
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (E.N.); (Y.L.); (T.L.); (F.C.); (J.X.); (Z.K.A.); (R.v.d.K.); (J.V.D.); (G.D.B.); (M.F.); (S.A.); (F.R.); (J.S.)
- Switch Laboratory, Department for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jie Xu
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (E.N.); (Y.L.); (T.L.); (F.C.); (J.X.); (Z.K.A.); (R.v.d.K.); (J.V.D.); (G.D.B.); (M.F.); (S.A.); (F.R.); (J.S.)
- Switch Laboratory, Department for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Veerle Haemels
- The Laboratory for Precision Cancer Medicine, Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (V.H.); (K.G.)
| | - Zeynep Kalender Atak
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (E.N.); (Y.L.); (T.L.); (F.C.); (J.X.); (Z.K.A.); (R.v.d.K.); (J.V.D.); (G.D.B.); (M.F.); (S.A.); (F.R.); (J.S.)
- Laboratory of Computational Biology, Center for Human Genetics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rob van der Kant
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (E.N.); (Y.L.); (T.L.); (F.C.); (J.X.); (Z.K.A.); (R.v.d.K.); (J.V.D.); (G.D.B.); (M.F.); (S.A.); (F.R.); (J.S.)
- Switch Laboratory, Department for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joost Van Durme
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (E.N.); (Y.L.); (T.L.); (F.C.); (J.X.); (Z.K.A.); (R.v.d.K.); (J.V.D.); (G.D.B.); (M.F.); (S.A.); (F.R.); (J.S.)
- Switch Laboratory, Department for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Greet De Baets
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (E.N.); (Y.L.); (T.L.); (F.C.); (J.X.); (Z.K.A.); (R.v.d.K.); (J.V.D.); (G.D.B.); (M.F.); (S.A.); (F.R.); (J.S.)
- Switch Laboratory, Department for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Keith L. Ligon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA;
- The Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Children’s Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Mark Fiers
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (E.N.); (Y.L.); (T.L.); (F.C.); (J.X.); (Z.K.A.); (R.v.d.K.); (J.V.D.); (G.D.B.); (M.F.); (S.A.); (F.R.); (J.S.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA;
| | - Kris Gevaert
- The Laboratory for Precision Cancer Medicine, Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (V.H.); (K.G.)
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Stein Aerts
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (E.N.); (Y.L.); (T.L.); (F.C.); (J.X.); (Z.K.A.); (R.v.d.K.); (J.V.D.); (G.D.B.); (M.F.); (S.A.); (F.R.); (J.S.)
- Laboratory of Computational Biology, Center for Human Genetics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frederic Rousseau
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (E.N.); (Y.L.); (T.L.); (F.C.); (J.X.); (Z.K.A.); (R.v.d.K.); (J.V.D.); (G.D.B.); (M.F.); (S.A.); (F.R.); (J.S.)
- Switch Laboratory, Department for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joost Schymkowitz
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (E.N.); (Y.L.); (T.L.); (F.C.); (J.X.); (Z.K.A.); (R.v.d.K.); (J.V.D.); (G.D.B.); (M.F.); (S.A.); (F.R.); (J.S.)
- Switch Laboratory, Department for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frederik De Smet
- The Laboratory for Precision Cancer Medicine, Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (V.H.); (K.G.)
- Correspondence:
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3
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Ciuro M, Sangiorgio M, Leanza G, Gulino R. A Meta-Analysis Study of SOD1-Mutant Mouse Models of ALS to Analyse the Determinants of Disease Onset and Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010216. [PMID: 36613659 PMCID: PMC9820332 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A complex interaction between genetic and external factors determines the development of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Epidemiological studies on large patient cohorts have suggested that ALS is a multi-step disease, as symptom onset occurs only after exposure to a sequence of risk factors. Although the exact nature of these determinants remains to be clarified, it seems clear that: (i) genetic mutations may be responsible for one or more of these steps; (ii) other risk factors are probably linked to environment and/or to lifestyle, and (iii) compensatory plastic changes taking place during the ALS etiopathogenesis probably affect the timing of onset and progression of disease. Current knowledge on ALS mechanisms and therapeutic targets, derives mainly from studies involving superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) transgenic mice; therefore, it would be fundamental to verify whether a multi-step disease concept can also be applied to these animal models. With this aim, a meta-analysis study has been performed using a collection of primary studies (n = 137), selected according to the following criteria: (1) the studies should employ SOD1 transgenic mice; (2) the studies should entail the presence of a disease-modifying experimental manipulation; (3) the studies should make use of Kaplan-Meier plots showing the distribution of symptom onset and lifespan. Then, using a subset of this study collection (n = 94), the effects of treatments on key molecular mechanisms, as well as on the onset and progression of disease have been analysed in a large population of mice. The results are consistent with a multi-step etiopathogenesis of disease in ALS mice (including two to six steps, depending on the particular SOD1 mutation), closely resembling that observed in patient cohorts, and revealed an interesting relationship between molecular mechanisms and disease manifestation. Thus, SOD1 mouse models may be considered of high predictive value to understand the determinants of disease onset and progression, as well as to identify targets for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ciuro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Physiology Section, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Sangiorgio
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Physiology Section, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Giampiero Leanza
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Molecular Preclinical and Translational Imaging Research Centre—IMPRonTE, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Rosario Gulino
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Physiology Section, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Molecular Preclinical and Translational Imaging Research Centre—IMPRonTE, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence:
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4
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Genovese I, Fornetti E, Ruocco G. Mitochondria inter-organelle relationships in cancer protein aggregation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1062993. [PMID: 36601538 PMCID: PMC9806238 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1062993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are physically associated with other organelles, such as ER and lysosomes, forming a complex network that is crucial for cell homeostasis regulation. Inter-organelle relationships are finely regulated by both tether systems, which maintain physical proximity, and by signaling cues that induce the exchange of molecular information to regulate metabolism, Ca2+ homeostasis, redox state, nutrient availability, and proteostasis. The coordinated action of the organelles is engaged in the cellular integrated stress response. In any case, pathological conditions alter functional communication and efficient rescue pathway activation, leading to cell distress exacerbation and eventually cell death. Among these detrimental signals, misfolded protein accumulation and aggregation cause major damage to the cells, since defects in protein clearance systems worsen cell toxicity. A cause for protein aggregation is often a defective mitochondrial redox balance, and the ER freshly translated misfolded proteins and/or a deficient lysosome-mediated clearance system. All these features aggravate mitochondrial damage and enhance proteotoxic stress. This review aims to gather the current knowledge about the complex liaison between mitochondria, ER, and lysosomes in facing proteotoxic stress and protein aggregation, highlighting both causes and consequences. Particularly, specific focus will be pointed to cancer, a pathology in which inter-organelle relations in protein aggregation have been poorly investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Genovese
- Center for Life Nano and Neuro Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Rome, Italy,*Correspondence: Ilaria Genovese,
| | - Ersilia Fornetti
- Center for Life Nano and Neuro Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Rome, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Ruocco
- Center for Life Nano and Neuro Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Rome, Italy,Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Wang YY, Deng YS, Dai SK, Mi TW, Li RY, Liu PP, Liu C, He BD, He XC, Du HZ, Yang HC, Tang Y, Liu CM, Teng ZQ. Loss of microglial EED impairs synapse density, learning, and memory. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:2999-3009. [PMID: 35484239 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01576-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The embryonic ectoderm development (EED) is a core component of the polycomb-repressive complex 2 (PRC2) whose mutations are linked to neurodevelopmental abnormalities, intellectual disability, and neurodegeneration. Although EED has been extensively studied in neural stem cells and oligodendrocytes, its role in microglia is incompletely understood. Here, we show that microglial EED is essential for synaptic pruning during the postnatal stage of brain development. The absence of microglial EED at early postnatal stages resulted in reduced spines and impaired synapse density in the hippocampus at adulthood, accompanied by upregulated expression of phagocytosis-related genes in microglia. As a result, deletion of microglial Eed impaired hippocampus-dependent learning and memory in mice. These results suggest that microglial EED is critical for normal synaptic and cognitive functions during postnatal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yu-Sen Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Shang-Kun Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Ting-Wei Mi
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Rui-Yang Li
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders, Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Pei-Pei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Cong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Bao-Dong He
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xuan-Cheng He
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Hong-Zhen Du
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Han-Chen Yang
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders, Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yi Tang
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders, Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Chang-Mei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. .,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. .,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. .,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Zhao-Qian Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. .,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. .,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. .,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
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Examples of Inverse Comorbidity between Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Possible Role for Noncoding RNA. Cells 2022; 11:cells11121930. [PMID: 35741059 PMCID: PMC9221903 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most common causes of death; in parallel, the incidence and prevalence of central nervous system diseases are equally high. Among neurodegenerative diseases, Alzheimer’s dementia is the most common, while Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most frequent neurodegenerative disease. There is a significant amount of evidence on the complex biological connection between cancer and neurodegeneration. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are defined as transcribed nucleotides that perform a variety of regulatory functions. The mechanisms by which ncRNAs exert their functions are numerous and involve every aspect of cellular life. The same ncRNA can act in multiple ways, leading to different outcomes; in fact, a single ncRNA can participate in the pathogenesis of more than one disease—even if these seem very different, as cancer and neurodegenerative disorders are. The ncRNA activates specific pathways leading to one or the other clinical phenotype, sometimes with obvious mechanisms of inverse comorbidity. We aimed to collect from the existing literature examples of inverse comorbidity in which ncRNAs seem to play a key role. We also investigated the example of mir-519a-3p, and one of its target genes Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1, for the inverse comorbidity mechanism between some cancers and PD. We believe it is very important to study the inverse comorbidity relationship between cancer and neurodegenerative diseases because it will help us to better assess these two major areas of human disease.
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Courtright-Lim A. "CRISPR for Disabilities: How to Self-Regulate" or Something? JOURNAL OF BIOETHICAL INQUIRY 2022; 19:151-161. [PMID: 35362932 PMCID: PMC9007770 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-021-10162-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The development of the CRISPR gene editing technique has been hyped as a technique that could fundamentally change scientific research and its clinical application. Unrecognized is the fact that it joins other technologies that have tried and failed under the same discourse of scientific hype. These technologies, like gene therapy and stem cell research, have moved quickly passed basic research into clinical application with dire consequences. Before hastily moving to clinical applications, it is necessary to consider basic research and determine how CRISPR/Cas systems should be applied. In the case of single gene diseases, that application is expected to have positive impacts, but as we shift to more complex diseases, the impact could be unintentionally negative. In the context of common disabilities, the level of genetic complexity may render this technology useless but potentially toxic, aggravating a social discourse that devalues those with disabilities. This paper intends to define the issues related to disability that are associated with using the CRIPSR/Cas system in basic research. It also aims to provide a decision tree to help determine whether the technology should be utilized or if alternative approaches beyond scientific research could lead to a better use of limited funding resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Courtright-Lim
- Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, CF10 3AT, UK.
- Translational Genomic Research Institute, 445 N. 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA.
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Recent innovations and in-depth aspects of post-genome wide association study (Post-GWAS) to understand the genetic basis of complex phenotypes. Heredity (Edinb) 2021; 127:485-497. [PMID: 34689168 PMCID: PMC8626474 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-021-00479-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past decade, the high throughput and low cost of sequencing/genotyping approaches have led to the accumulation of a large amount of data from genome-wide association studies (GWASs). The first aim of this review is to highlight how post-GWAS analysis can be used make sense of the obtained associations. Novel directions for integrating GWAS results with other resources, such as somatic mutation, metabolite-transcript, and transcriptomic data, are also discussed; these approaches can help us move beyond each individual data point and provide valuable information about complex trait genetics. In addition, cross-phenotype association tests, when the loci detected by GWASs have significant associations with multiple traits, are reviewed to provide biologically informative results for use in real-time applications. This review also discusses the challenges of identifying interactions between genetic mutations (epistasis) and mutations of loci affecting more than one trait (pleiotropy) as underlying causes of cross-phenotype associations; these challenges can be overcome using post-GWAS analysis. Genetic similarities between phenotypes that can be revealed using post-GWAS analysis are also discussed. In summary, different methodologies of post-GWAS analysis are now available, enhancing the value of information obtained from GWAS results, and facilitating application in both humans and nonhuman species. However, precise methods still need to be developed to overcome challenges in the field and uncover the genetic underpinnings of complex traits.
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do Amaral MJ, de Andrade Rosa I, Andrade SA, Fang X, Andrade LR, Costa ML, Mermelstein C. The perinuclear region concentrates disordered proteins with predicted phase separation distributed in a 3D network of cytoskeletal filaments and organelles. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2021; 1869:119161. [PMID: 34655689 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.119161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Membraneless organelles have emerged during the evolution of eukaryotic cells as intracellular domains in which multiple proteins organize into complex structures to perform specialized functions without the need of a lipid bilayer compartment. Here we describe the perinuclear space of eukaryotic cells as a highly organized network of cytoskeletal filaments that facilitates assembly of biomolecular condensates. Using bioinformatic analyses, we show that the perinuclear proteome is enriched in intrinsic disorder with several proteins predicted to undergo liquid-liquid phase separation. We also analyze immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy images showing the association between the nucleus and other organelles, such as mitochondria and lysosomes, or the labeling of specific proteins within the perinuclear region of cells. Altogether our data support the existence of a perinuclear dense sub-micron region formed by a well-organized three-dimensional network of structural and signaling proteins, including several proteins containing intrinsically disordered regions with phase behavior. This network of filamentous cytoskeletal proteins extends a few micrometers from the nucleus, contributes to local crowding, and organizes the movement of molecular complexes within the perinuclear space. Our findings take a key step towards understanding how membraneless regions within eukaryotic cells can serve as hubs for biomolecular condensates assembly, in particular the perinuclear space. Finally, evaluation of the disease context of the perinuclear proteins revealed that alterations in their expression can lead to several pathological conditions, and neurological disorders and cancer are among the most frequent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivone de Andrade Rosa
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sarah Azevedo Andrade
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Xi Fang
- Department of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Leonardo Rodrigues Andrade
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Salk Institute for Biological Studies, Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Core, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Manoel Luis Costa
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Claudia Mermelstein
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Pandini C, Garofalo M, Rey F, Garau J, Zucca S, Sproviero D, Bordoni M, Berzero G, Davin A, Poloni TE, Pansarasa O, Carelli S, Gagliardi S, Cereda C. MINCR: A long non-coding RNA shared between cancer and neurodegeneration. Genomics 2021; 113:4039-4051. [PMID: 34662711 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The multitasking nature of lncRNAs allows them to play a central role in both physiological and pathological conditions. Often the same lncRNA can participate in different diseases. Specifically, the MYC-induced Long non-Coding RNA MINCR is upregulated in various cancer types, while downregulated in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis patients. Therefore, this work aims to investigate MINCR potential mechanisms of action and its implications in cancer and neurodegeneration in relation to its expression levels in SH-SY5Y cells through RNA-sequencing approach. Our results show that MINCR overexpression causes massive alterations in cancer-related genes, leading to disruption in many fundamental processes, such as cell cycle and growth factor signaling. On the contrary, MINCR downregulation influences a small number of genes involved in different neurodegenerative disorders, mostly concerning RNA metabolism and inflammation. Thus, understanding the cause and functional consequences of MINCR deregulation gives important insights on potential pathogenetic mechanisms both in cancer and in neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Pandini
- Genomic and post-Genomic Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Maria Garofalo
- Genomic and post-Genomic Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia 27100, Italy; Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Federica Rey
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco", University of Milan, Milan 20157, Italy; Pediatric Clinical Research Center Fondazione "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", University of Milano, Milano 20157, Italy
| | - Jessica Garau
- Genomic and post-Genomic Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | | | - Daisy Sproviero
- Genomic and post-Genomic Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Matteo Bordoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Centro di Eccellenza sulle Malattie Neurodegenerative, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano 20157, Italy
| | - Giulia Berzero
- Neuroncology Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Annalisa Davin
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Neurogenetic, Golgi Cenci Foundation, Abbiategrasso, Milan 20081, Italy
| | - Tino Emanuele Poloni
- Neurology and Neuropathololgy Department Golgi-Cenci Foundation & ASP Golgi-Redaelli, Abbiategrasso, Milan 20081, Italy
| | - Orietta Pansarasa
- Genomic and post-Genomic Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Stephana Carelli
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco", University of Milan, Milan 20157, Italy; Pediatric Clinical Research Center Fondazione "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", University of Milano, Milano 20157, Italy
| | - Stella Gagliardi
- Genomic and post-Genomic Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia 27100, Italy.
| | - Cristina Cereda
- Genomic and post-Genomic Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia 27100, Italy.
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Contribution of Apaf-1 to the pathogenesis of cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Biochimie 2021; 190:91-110. [PMID: 34298080 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Deregulation of apoptosis is associated with various pathologies, such as neurodegenerative disorders at one end of the spectrum and cancer at the other end. Generally speaking, differentiated cells like cardiomyocytes, skeletal myocytes and neurons exhibit low levels of Apaf-1 (Apoptotic protease activating factor 1) protein suggesting that down-regulation of Apaf-1 is an important event contributing to the resistance of these cells to apoptosis. Nonetheless, upregulation of Apaf-1 has not emerged as a common phenomenon in pathologies associated with enhanced neuronal cell death, i.e., neurodegenerative diseases. In cancer, on the other hand, Apaf-1 downregulation is a common phenomenon, which occurs through various mechanisms including mRNA hyper-methylation, gene methylation, Apaf-1 localization in lipid rafts, inhibition by microRNAs, phosphorylation, and interaction with specific inhibitors. Due to the diversity of these mechanisms and involvement of other factors, defining the exact contribution of Apaf-1 to the development of cancer in general and neurodegenerative disorders, in particular, is complicated. The current review is an attempt to provide a comprehensive image of Apaf-1's contribution to the pathologies observed in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases with the emphasis on the therapeutic aspects of Apaf-1 as an important target in these pathologies.
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12
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Zhang X, Guarin D, Mohammadzadehhonarvar N, Chen X, Gao X. Parkinson's disease and cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of over 17 million participants. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e046329. [PMID: 34215604 PMCID: PMC8256737 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically review and qualitatively evaluate epidemiological evidence on associations between Parkinson's disease (PD) and cancer via meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE via PubMed, Web of Science and EMBASE, until March 2021. STUDY SELECTION Included were publications that (1) were original epidemiological studies on PD and cancer; (2) reported risk estimates; (3) were in English. Exclusion criteria included: (1) review/comments; (2) biological studies; (3) case report/autopsy studies; (4) irrelevant exposure/outcome; (5) treated cases; (6) no measure of risk estimates; (7) no confidence intervals/exact p values and (8) duplicates. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines were followed in data extraction. Two-step screening was performed by two authors blinded to each other. A random-effects model was used to calculate pooled relative risk (RR). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES We included publications that assessed the risk of PD in individuals with vs without cancer and the risk of cancer in individuals with vs without PD. RESULTS A total of 63 studies and 17 994 584 participants were included. Meta-analysis generated a pooled RR of 0.82 (n=33; 95% CI 0.76 to 0.88; p<0.001) for association between PD and total cancer, 0.76 (n=21; 95% CI 0.67 to 0.85; p<0.001) for PD and smoking-related cancer and 0.92 (n=19; 95% CI 0.84 to 0.99; p=0.03) for non-smoking-related cancer. PD was associated with an increased risk of melanoma (n=29; pooled RR=1.75; 95% CI 1.43 to 2.14; p<0.001) but not for other skin cancers (n=17; pooled RR=0.90; 95% CI 0.60 to 1.34; p=0.60). CONCLUSIONS PD and total cancer were inversely associated. This inverse association persisted for both smoking-related and non-smoking-related cancers. PD was positively associated with melanoma. These results provide evidence for further investigations for possible mechanistic associations between PD and cancer. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020162103.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Zhang
- Nutritional Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David Guarin
- Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Xiqun Chen
- Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xiang Gao
- Nutritional Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
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Focus on the Complex Interconnection between Cancer, Narcolepsy and Other Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Possible Case of Orexin-Dependent Inverse Comorbidity. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112612. [PMID: 34073579 PMCID: PMC8198883 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This narrative review first describes from several points of view the complex interrelationship between cancer and neurodegeneration, with special attention to the mechanisms that might underlie an inverse relationship between them. In particular, the mechanisms that might induce an imbalance between cell apoptotic and proliferative stimuli are discussed. Second, the review summarizes findings on orexins and their involvement in narcolepsy, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer, starting from epidemiological data then addressing laboratory findings, animal models, and human clinical observational and interventional investigations. Important research efforts are warranted on these topics, as they might lead to novel therapeutic approaches to both neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Abstract Conditions such as Alzheimer’s (AD) and Parkinson’s diseases (PD) are less prevalent in cancer survivors and, overall, cancer is less prevalent in subjects with these neurodegenerative disorders. This seems to suggest that a propensity towards one type of disease may decrease the risk of the other. In addition to epidemiologic data, there is also evidence of a complex biological interconnection, with genes, proteins, and pathways often showing opposite dysregulation in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. In this narrative review, we focus on the possible role played by orexin signaling, which is altered in patients with narcolepsy type 1 and in those with AD and PD, and which has been linked to β-amyloid brain levels and inflammation in mouse models and to cancer in cell lines. Taken together, these lines of evidence depict a possible case of inverse comorbidity between cancer and neurodegenerative disorders, with a role played by orexins. These considerations suggest a therapeutic potential of orexin modulation in diverse pathologies such as narcolepsy, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer.
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Abstract
Epidemiological studies have reported an inverse correlation between cancer and neurodegenerative disorders, and increasing evidence shows that similar genes and pathways are dysregulated in both diseases but in a contrasting manner. Given the genetic convergence of the neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs), a family of rare neurodegenerative disorders commonly known as Batten disease, and other neurodegenerative diseases, we sought to explore the relationship between cancer and the NCLs. In this review, we survey data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and available literature on the roles of NCL genes in different oncogenic processes to reveal links between all the NCL genes and cancer-related processes. We also discuss the potential contributions of NCL genes to cancer immunology. Based on our findings, we propose that further research on the relationship between cancer and the NCLs may help shed light on the roles of NCL genes in both diseases and possibly guide therapy development.
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15
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Gene expression barcode values reveal a potential link between Parkinson's disease and gastric cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:6171-6181. [PMID: 33596182 PMCID: PMC7950232 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a disease that develops from the lining of the stomach, whereas Parkinson’s disease is a long-term degenerative disorder of the central nervous system that mainly affects the motor system. Although these two diseases seem to be distinct from each other, increasing evidence suggests that they might be linked. To explore the linkage between these two diseases, differentially expressed genes between the diseased people and their normal controls were identified using the barcode algorithm. This algorithm transforms actual gene expression values into barcode values comprised of 1’s (expressed genes) and 0’s (silenced genes). Once the overlapped differentially expressed genes were identified, their biological relevance was investigated. Thus, using the gene expression profiles and bioinformatics methods, we demonstrate that Parkinson’s disease and gastric cancer are indeed linked. This research may serve as a pilot study, and it will stimulate more research to investigate the relationship between gastric cancer and Parkinson’s disease from the perspective of gene profiles and their functions.
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Armaos A, Zacco E, Sanchez de Groot N, Tartaglia GG. RNA-protein interactions: Central players in coordination of regulatory networks. Bioessays 2020; 43:e2000118. [PMID: 33284474 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202000118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Changes in the abundance of protein and RNA molecules can impair the formation of complexes in the cell leading to toxicity and death. Here we exploit the information contained in protein, RNA and DNA interaction networks to provide a comprehensive view of the regulation layers controlling the concentration-dependent formation of assemblies in the cell. We present the emerging concept that RNAs can act as scaffolds to promote the formation ribonucleoprotein complexes and coordinate the post-transcriptional layer of gene regulation. We describe the structural and interaction network properties that characterize the ability of protein and RNA molecules to interact and phase separate in liquid-like compartments. Finally, we show that presence of structurally disordered regions in proteins correlate with the propensity to undergo liquid-to-solid phase transitions and cause human diseases. Also see the video abstract here https://youtu.be/kfpqibsNfS0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Armaos
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Human Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Elsa Zacco
- Center for Human Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Natalia Sanchez de Groot
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gian Gaetano Tartaglia
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Human Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.,Department of Biology 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
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17
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Papin S, Paganetti P. Emerging Evidences for an Implication of the Neurodegeneration-Associated Protein TAU in Cancer. Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10110862. [PMID: 33207722 PMCID: PMC7696480 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10110862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders and cancer may appear unrelated illnesses. Yet, epidemiologic studies indicate an inverse correlation between their respective incidences for specific cancers. Possibly explaining these findings, increasing evidence indicates that common molecular pathways are involved, often in opposite manner, in the pathogenesis of both disease families. Genetic mutations in the MAPT gene encoding for TAU protein cause an inherited form of frontotemporal dementia, a neurodegenerative disorder, but also increase the risk of developing cancer. Assigning TAU at the interface between cancer and neurodegenerative disorders, two major aging-linked disease families, offers a possible clue for the epidemiological observation inversely correlating these human illnesses. In addition, the expression level of TAU is recognized as a prognostic marker for cancer, as well as a modifier of cancer resistance to chemotherapy. Because of its microtubule-binding properties, TAU may interfere with the mechanism of action of taxanes, a class of chemotherapeutic drugs designed to stabilize the microtubule network and impair cell division. Indeed, a low TAU expression is associated to a better response to taxanes. Although TAU main binding partners are microtubules, TAU is able to relocate to subcellular sites devoid of microtubules and is also able to bind to cancer-linked proteins, suggesting a role of TAU in modulating microtubule-independent cellular pathways associated to oncogenesis. This concept is strengthened by experimental evidence linking TAU to P53 signaling, DNA stability and protection, processes that protect against cancer. This review aims at collecting literature data supporting the association between TAU and cancer. We will first summarize the evidence linking neurodegenerative disorders and cancer, then published data supporting a role of TAU as a modifier of the efficacy of chemotherapies and of the oncogenic process. We will finish by addressing from a mechanistic point of view the role of TAU in de-regulating critical cancer pathways, including the interaction of TAU with cancer-associated proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Papin
- Neurodegeneration Research Group, Laboratory for Biomedical Neurosciences, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Via ai Söi 24, CH-6807 Torricella-Taverne, Switzerland;
| | - Paolo Paganetti
- Neurodegeneration Research Group, Laboratory for Biomedical Neurosciences, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Via ai Söi 24, CH-6807 Torricella-Taverne, Switzerland;
- Faculty of Biomedical Neurosciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, CH-6900 Lugano, Switzerland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-91-811-7250
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Thomas L, Florio T, Perez-Castro C. Extracellular Vesicles Loaded miRNAs as Potential Modulators Shared Between Glioblastoma, and Parkinson's and Alzheimer's Diseases. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:590034. [PMID: 33328891 PMCID: PMC7671965 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.590034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the deadliest brain tumor. Its poor prognosis is due to cell heterogeneity, invasiveness, and high vascularization that impede an efficient therapeutic approach. In the past few years, several molecular links connecting GBM to neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) were identified at preclinical and clinical level. In particular, giving the increasing critical role that epigenetic alterations play in both GBM and NDDs, we deeply analyzed the role of miRNAs, small non-coding RNAs acting epigenetic modulators in several key biological processes. Specific miRNAs, transported by extracellular vesicles (EVs), act as intercellular communication signals in both diseases. In this way, miRNA-loaded EVs modulate GBM tumorigenesis, as they spread oncogenic signaling within brain parenchyma, and control the aggregation of neurotoxic protein (Tau, Aβ-amyloid peptide, and α-synuclein) in NDDs. In this review, we highlight the most promising miRNAs linking GBM and NDDs playing a significant pathogenic role in both diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Thomas
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas – Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Tullio Florio
- Sezione di Farmacologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna and Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Carolina Perez-Castro
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas – Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Mencke P, Hanss Z, Boussaad I, Sugier PE, Elbaz A, Krüger R. Bidirectional Relation Between Parkinson's Disease and Glioblastoma Multiforme. Front Neurol 2020; 11:898. [PMID: 32973662 PMCID: PMC7468383 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer and Parkinson's disease (PD) define two disease entities that include opposite concepts. Indeed, the involved mechanisms are at different ends of a spectrum related to cell survival - one due to enhanced cellular proliferation and the other due to premature cell death. There is increasing evidence indicating that patients with neurodegenerative diseases like PD have a reduced incidence for most cancers. In support, epidemiological studies demonstrate an inverse association between PD and cancer. Both conditions apparently can involve the same set of genes, however, in affected tissues the expression was inversely regulated: genes that are down-regulated in PD were found to be up-regulated in cancer and vice versa, for example p53 or PARK7. When comparing glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a malignant brain tumor with poor overall survival, with PD, astrocytes are dysregulated in both diseases in opposite ways. In addition, common genes, that are involved in both diseases and share common key pathways of cell proliferation and metabolism, were shown to be oppositely deregulated in PD and GBM. Here, we provide an overview of the involvement of PD- and GBM-associated genes in common pathways that are dysregulated in both conditions. Moreover, we illustrate why the simultaneous study of PD and GBM regarding the role of common pathways may lead to a deeper understanding of these still incurable conditions. Eventually, considering the inverse regulation of certain genes in PD and GBM will help to understand their mechanistic basis, and thus to define novel target-based strategies for causative treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Mencke
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Zoé Hanss
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Ibrahim Boussaad
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | | | - Alexis Elbaz
- Institut de Statistique de l'Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Rejko Krüger
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
- Parkinson Research Clinic, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg (CHL), Luxembourg, Luxembourg
- Transversal Translational Medicine, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Luxembourg, Luxembourg
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20
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Seo J, Park M. Molecular crosstalk between cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:2659-2680. [PMID: 31884567 PMCID: PMC7326806 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03428-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The progression of cancers and neurodegenerative disorders is largely defined by a set of molecular determinants that are either complementarily deregulated, or share remarkably overlapping functional pathways. A large number of such molecules have been demonstrated to be involved in the progression of both diseases. In this review, we particularly discuss our current knowledge on p53, cyclin D, cyclin E, cyclin F, Pin1 and protein phosphatase 2A, and their implications in the shared or distinct pathways that lead to cancers or neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, we focus on the inter-dependent regulation of brain cancers and neurodegeneration, mediated by intercellular communication between tumor and neuronal cells in the brain through the extracellular microenvironment. Finally, we shed light on the therapeutic perspectives for the treatment of both cancer and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyeon Seo
- Center for Functional Connectomics, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, South Korea
- Center for Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, South Korea
| | - Mikyoung Park
- Center for Functional Connectomics, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, South Korea.
- Department of Neuroscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea.
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21
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Tau affects P53 function and cell fate during the DNA damage response. Commun Biol 2020; 3:245. [PMID: 32427887 PMCID: PMC7237658 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-0975-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells are constantly exposed to DNA damaging insults. To protect the organism, cells developed a complex molecular response coordinated by P53, the master regulator of DNA repair, cell division and cell fate. DNA damage accumulation and abnormal cell fate decision may represent a pathomechanism shared by aging-associated disorders such as cancer and neurodegeneration. Here, we examined this hypothesis in the context of tauopathies, a neurodegenerative disorder group characterized by Tau protein deposition. For this, the response to an acute DNA damage was studied in neuroblastoma cells with depleted Tau, as a model of loss-of-function. Under these conditions, altered P53 stability and activity result in reduced cell death and increased cell senescence. This newly discovered function of Tau involves abnormal modification of P53 and its E3 ubiquitin ligase MDM2. Considering the medical need with vast social implications caused by neurodegeneration and cancer, our study may reform our approach to disease-modifying therapies. Martina Sola, Claudia Magrin et al. study the relation between Tau and P53 in response to DNA damage. They uncover an important role for Tau in regulating the stability, and activity of P53 post translationally. Their findings provide insights to potentially common pathways in neurodegenerative disease and cancer.
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22
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do Amaral MJ, Araujo TS, Díaz NC, Accornero F, Polycarpo CR, Cordeiro Y, Cabral KM, Almeida MS. Phase Separation and Disorder-to-Order Transition of Human Brain Expressed X-Linked 3 (hBEX3) in the Presence of Small Fragments of tRNA. J Mol Biol 2020; 432:2319-2348. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2020.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Liu S, Huang Z, Zhang L, Pan J, Lei Q, Meng Y, Li Z. Plasma Neurofilament Light Chain May Be a Biomarker for the Inverse Association Between Cancers and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:10. [PMID: 32082140 PMCID: PMC7000889 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
An inverse association may exist between cancers and neurodegenerative diseases, although convenient biomarkers for verifying this inverse association are lacking. Plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a novel biomarker for neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), but it has not been measured in patients with cancers, such as gastric cancer (GC). We aimed to explore whether plasma NfL could be a biomarker for GC and AD and whether an inverse association of NfL exists between GC and AD. In this study, plasma NfL levels of 60 normal controls (NC), 91 GC subjects, and 74 AD subjects were measured by a highly sensitive single-molecule array assay. We found that GC subjects expressed lower plasma NfL levels but AD subjects expressed higher plasma NfL levels than NCs. After controlling for confounding factors, plasma NfL levels in the GC group were associated with serum tumor marker levels, and plasma NfL levels in the AD group were associated with cognitive performance and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pathological marker levels. Across the entire cohort, plasma NfL levels were associated with cognitive performance, CSF pathological marker levels and serum tumor marker levels. These results suggest thatplasma NfL may be a potential biomarker for GC and AD and may be convenient for evaluating the inverse association between cancers and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunjie Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenze Huang
- Department of General Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijin Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junhao Pan
- Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingfeng Lei
- Department of Neurology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Meng
- Department of Neurology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhong Li
- Department of Neurology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Guangzhou, China
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24
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Battaglia C, Venturin M, Sojic A, Jesuthasan N, Orro A, Spinelli R, Musicco M, De Bellis G, Adorni F. Candidate Genes and MiRNAs Linked to the Inverse Relationship Between Cancer and Alzheimer's Disease: Insights From Data Mining and Enrichment Analysis. Front Genet 2019; 10:846. [PMID: 31608105 PMCID: PMC6771301 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of cancer and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) increases exponentially with age. A growing body of epidemiological evidence and molecular investigations inspired the hypothesis of an inverse relationship between these two pathologies. It has been proposed that the two diseases might utilize the same proteins and pathways that are, however, modulated differently and sometimes in opposite directions. Investigation of the common processes underlying these diseases may enhance the understanding of their pathogenesis and may also guide novel therapeutic strategies. Starting from a text-mining approach, our in silico study integrated the dispersed biological evidence by combining data mining, gene set enrichment, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analyses while searching for common biological hallmarks linked to AD and cancer. We retrieved 138 genes (ALZCAN gene set), computed a significant number of enriched gene ontology clusters, and identified four PPI modules. The investigation confirmed the relevance of autophagy, ubiquitin proteasome system, and cell death as common biological hallmarks shared by cancer and AD. Then, from a closer investigation of the PPI modules and of the miRNAs enrichment data, several genes (SQSTM1, UCHL1, STUB1, BECN1, CDKN2A, TP53, EGFR, GSK3B, and HSPA9) and miRNAs (miR-146a-5p, MiR-34a-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-9-5p, and miR-16-5p) emerged as promising candidates. The integrative approach uncovered novel miRNA-gene networks (e.g., miR-146 and miR-34 regulating p62 and Beclin1 in autophagy) that might give new insights into the complex regulatory mechanisms of gene expression in AD and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Battaglia
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), University of Milan, Segrate, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Technologies-National Research Council (ITB-CNR), Segrate, Italy
| | - Marco Venturin
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), University of Milan, Segrate, Italy
| | - Aleksandra Sojic
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Technologies-National Research Council (ITB-CNR), Segrate, Italy
| | - Nithiya Jesuthasan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Technologies-National Research Council (ITB-CNR), Segrate, Italy
| | - Alessandro Orro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Technologies-National Research Council (ITB-CNR), Segrate, Italy
| | - Roberta Spinelli
- Istituto Istruzione Superiore Statale IRIS Versari, Cesano Maderno, Italy
| | - Massimo Musicco
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Technologies-National Research Council (ITB-CNR), Segrate, Italy
| | - Gianluca De Bellis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Technologies-National Research Council (ITB-CNR), Segrate, Italy
| | - Fulvio Adorni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Technologies-National Research Council (ITB-CNR), Segrate, Italy
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25
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Sanchez de Groot N, Armaos A, Graña-Montes R, Alriquet M, Calloni G, Vabulas RM, Tartaglia GG. RNA structure drives interaction with proteins. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3246. [PMID: 31324771 PMCID: PMC6642211 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10923-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The combination of high-throughput sequencing and in vivo crosslinking approaches leads to the progressive uncovering of the complex interdependence between cellular transcriptome and proteome. Yet, the molecular determinants governing interactions in protein-RNA networks are not well understood. Here we investigated the relationship between the structure of an RNA and its ability to interact with proteins. Analysing in silico, in vitro and in vivo experiments, we find that the amount of double-stranded regions in an RNA correlates with the number of protein contacts. This relationship -which we call structure-driven protein interactivity- allows classification of RNA types, plays a role in gene regulation and could have implications for the formation of phase-separated ribonucleoprotein assemblies. We validate our hypothesis by showing that a highly structured RNA can rearrange the composition of a protein aggregate. We report that the tendency of proteins to phase-separate is reduced by interactions with specific RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Sanchez de Groot
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexandros Armaos
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ricardo Graña-Montes
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Marion Alriquet
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Giulia Calloni
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - R Martin Vabulas
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. .,Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Gian Gaetano Tartaglia
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain. .,ICREA 23 Passeig Lluis Companys 08010 and Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003, Barcelona, Spain. .,Department of Biology 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, Rome, 00185, Italy. .,Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy.
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26
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Synthesis of New Proteomimetic Quinazolinone Alkaloids and Evaluation of Their Neuroprotective and Antitumor Effects. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24030534. [PMID: 30717179 PMCID: PMC6384550 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24030534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
New quinazolinone derivatives of the marine-derived alkaloids fiscalin B (3) and fumiquinazoline G (1), with neuroprotective and antitumor effects, were synthesized. Eleven quinazolinone-containing indole alkaloids were synthesized, proceeding the anti analogs via a one-pot method, and the syn analogs by the Mazurkiewicz-Ganesan approach. The neuroprotection capacity of these compounds on the rotenone-damage human neuroblastoma cell SH-SY5y was evaluated using the MTT assay. Compounds 1, 3, 5, and 7 showed more than 25% protection. The antitumor activity was investigated using the sulforhodamine B assay and some compounds were tested on the non-malignant MCF-12A cells. Fumiquinazoline G (1) was the most potent compound, with GI50 values lower than 20 µM. Compounds 5, 7, and 11 were more active in all tumor cell lines when compared to their enantiomers. Compounds 5, 7, 10, and 11 had very little effect in the viability of the non-malignant cells. Differences between enantiomeric pairs were also noted as being essential for these activities the S-configuration at C-4. These results reinforce the previously described activities of the fiscalin B (3) as substance P inhibitor and fumiquinazoline G (1) as antitumor agent showing potential as lead compounds for the development of drugs for treatment of neurodegenerative disorders and cancer, respectively.
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27
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Krishnan M, Kim DK, Gie Kim S, Kang SC. Thymol exposure mediates pro-oxidant shift by regulating Nrf2 and apoptotic events in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 65:1-8. [PMID: 30466008 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The biochemical process of oxidative stress is an integral mechanism of chemical toxicity, contributing to complex pathological disorders. Thymol (THY) has a wide range of therapeutic applications for several ailments, although a better understanding of signaling cues regulated by this compound is needed to address the mechanism of its action. To better perceive the mode of action, we investigated the potential impact of THY on zebrafish embryos, with special emphasis on ROS biogenesis. In this study, we exposed the zebrafish embryos to 25, 50 and 100μM of THY for 96 hours post fertilization (hpf). Noticeable teratogenic effects were observed upon assessing the survival rate (LC50 = 42.35μM), hatching process, morphological exam and cardiac functions, thereby verifying the toxicity of THY on zebrafish embryos. Furthermore, we analyzed the effect of THY on the levels of ROS, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and immunofluorescence by DCFH-DA, JC-1, Casp-3-FITIC staining, respectively. Furthermore, we preformed the expressional analysis of Nrf2, superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1), catalase (CAT), Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) and apoptotic marker proteins (AIF, p53, Bax, Bcl-2, Casp-3 and Casp-9) in zebrafish embryos. As expected, we noticed a significant modulatory effect on the above-mentioned activities by THY. Collectively, our findings suggest that ROS might be the prime mediator responsible for THY-induced oxidative damage, thereby affecting the cellular defense mechanism and apoptotic events in zebrafish embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manigandan Krishnan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Daegu University Kyoungsan, Kyoungbook 712-714, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dae Kwang Kim
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Se Gie Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Catholic University of Daegu, Kyungsan City, Kyungbouk, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sun Chul Kang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Daegu University Kyoungsan, Kyoungbook 712-714, Republic of Korea.
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28
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Singh M, Venugopal C, Tokar T, McFarlane N, Subapanditha MK, Qazi M, Bakhshinyan D, Vora P, Murty NK, Jurisica I, Singh SK. Therapeutic Targeting of the Premetastatic Stage in Human Lung-to-Brain Metastasis. Cancer Res 2018; 78:5124-5134. [PMID: 29986997 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-1022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Brain metastases (BM) result from the spread of primary tumors to the brain and are a leading cause of cancer mortality in adults. Secondary tissue colonization remains the main bottleneck in metastatic development, yet this "premetastatic" stage of the metastatic cascade, when primary tumor cells cross the blood-brain barrier and seed the brain before initiating a secondary tumor, remains poorly characterized. Current studies rely on specimens from fully developed macrometastases to identify therapeutic options in cancer treatment, overlooking the potentially more treatable "premetastatic" phase when colonizing cancer cells could be targeted before they initiate the secondary brain tumor. Here we use our established brain metastasis initiating cell (BMIC) models and gene expression analyses to characterize premetastasis in human lung-to-BM. Premetastatic BMIC engaged invasive and epithelial developmental mechanisms while simultaneously impeding proliferation and apoptosis. We identified the dopamine agonist apomorphine to be a potential premetastasis-targeting drug. In vivo treatment with apomorphine prevented BM formation, potentially by targeting premetastasis-associated genes KIF16B, SEPW1, and TESK2 Low expression of these genes was associated with poor survival of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. These results illuminate the cellular and molecular dynamics of premetastasis, which is subclinical and currently impossible to identify or interrogate in human patients with BM. These data present several novel therapeutic targets and associated pathways to prevent BM initiation.Significance: These findings unveil molecular features of the premetastatic stage of lung-to-brain metastases and offer a potential therapeutic strategy to prevent brain metastases. Cancer Res; 78(17); 5124-34. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohini Singh
- Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chitra Venugopal
- Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tomas Tokar
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicole McFarlane
- Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Maleeha Qazi
- Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Bakhshinyan
- Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Parvez Vora
- Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Naresh K Murty
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Igor Jurisica
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Departments of Medical Biophysics and Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Sheila K Singh
- Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. .,Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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29
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Pérez-Valencia JA, Prosdocimi F, Cesari IM, da Costa IR, Furtado C, Agostini M, Rumjanek FD. Angiogenesis and evading immune destruction are the main related transcriptomic characteristics to the invasive process of oral tongue cancer. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2007. [PMID: 29386520 PMCID: PMC5792437 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-19010-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis of head and neck tumors is responsible for a high mortality rate. Understanding its biochemistry may allow insights into tumorigenesis. To that end we carried out RNA-Seq analyses of 5 SCC9 derived oral cancer cell lines displaying increased invasive potential. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were annotated based on p-values and false discovery rate (q-values). All 292 KEGG pathways related to the human genome were compared in order to pinpoint the absolute and relative contributions to the invasive process considering the 8 hallmarks of cancer plus 2 new defined categories, as well as we made with our transcriptomic data. In terms of absolute contribution, the highest correlations were associated to the categories of evading immune destruction and energy metabolism and for relative contributions, angiogenesis and evading immune destruction. DEGs were distributed into each one of all possible modes of regulation, regarding up, down and continuum expression, along the 3 stages of metastatic progression. For p-values twenty-six genes were consistently present along the tumoral progression and 4 for q-values. Among the DEGs, we found 2 novel potentially informative metastatic markers: PIGG and SLC8B1. Furthermore, interactome analysis showed that MYH14, ANGPTL4, PPARD and ENPP1 are amenable to pharmacological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Alberto Pérez-Valencia
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Francisco Prosdocimi
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Italo M Cesari
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Igor Rodrigues da Costa
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Michelle Agostini
- Departamento de Patologia e Diagnóstico Oral, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Franklin David Rumjanek
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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30
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Aramillo Irizar P, Schäuble S, Esser D, Groth M, Frahm C, Priebe S, Baumgart M, Hartmann N, Marthandan S, Menzel U, Müller J, Schmidt S, Ast V, Caliebe A, König R, Krawczak M, Ristow M, Schuster S, Cellerino A, Diekmann S, Englert C, Hemmerich P, Sühnel J, Guthke R, Witte OW, Platzer M, Ruppin E, Kaleta C. Transcriptomic alterations during ageing reflect the shift from cancer to degenerative diseases in the elderly. Nat Commun 2018; 9:327. [PMID: 29382830 PMCID: PMC5790807 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02395-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Disease epidemiology during ageing shows a transition from cancer to degenerative chronic disorders as dominant contributors to mortality in the old. Nevertheless, it has remained unclear to what extent molecular signatures of ageing reflect this phenomenon. Here we report on the identification of a conserved transcriptomic signature of ageing based on gene expression data from four vertebrate species across four tissues. We find that ageing-associated transcriptomic changes follow trajectories similar to the transcriptional alterations observed in degenerative ageing diseases but are in opposite direction to the transcriptomic alterations observed in cancer. We confirm the existence of a similar antagonism on the genomic level, where a majority of shared risk alleles which increase the risk of cancer decrease the risk of chronic degenerative disorders and vice versa. These results reveal a fundamental trade-off between cancer and degenerative ageing diseases that sheds light on the pronounced shift in their epidemiology during ageing. Ageing is associated with a pronounced shift in mortality from cancer to degenerative diseases. Here, the authors show that in concordance with this shift, conserved transcriptional alterations during ageing across four vertebrates align with degenerative diseases but are opposite to those in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peer Aramillo Irizar
- Research Group Medical Systems Biology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, D-24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sascha Schäuble
- Jena University Language and Information Engineering Lab, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, D-07743, Jena, Germany.,GerontoSys JenAge Consortium, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Daniela Esser
- Research Group Medical Systems Biology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, D-24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Marco Groth
- GerontoSys JenAge Consortium, D-07745, Jena, Germany.,Genome Analysis Lab, Leibniz Institute on Aging-Fritz-Lipmann-Institute, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Christiane Frahm
- GerontoSys JenAge Consortium, D-07745, Jena, Germany.,Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, D-07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Steffen Priebe
- GerontoSys JenAge Consortium, D-07745, Jena, Germany.,Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Group, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans-Knöll-Institute, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Mario Baumgart
- GerontoSys JenAge Consortium, D-07745, Jena, Germany.,Biology of Ageing Lab, Leibniz Institute on Aging-Fritz-Lipmann-Institute, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Nils Hartmann
- GerontoSys JenAge Consortium, D-07745, Jena, Germany.,Molecular Genetics Lab, Leibniz Institute on Aging-Fritz-Lipmann-Institute, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Shiva Marthandan
- GerontoSys JenAge Consortium, D-07745, Jena, Germany.,Imageing Facility, Leibniz Institute on Aging-Fritz-Lipmann-Institute, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Uwe Menzel
- GerontoSys JenAge Consortium, D-07745, Jena, Germany.,Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Group, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans-Knöll-Institute, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Jule Müller
- Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, D-07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Silvio Schmidt
- GerontoSys JenAge Consortium, D-07745, Jena, Germany.,Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, D-07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Volker Ast
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center, Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, D-07747, Jena, Germany.,Network Modeling, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll Institute, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Amke Caliebe
- Institute for Medical Informatics and Statistics, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, D-24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Rainer König
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center, Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, D-07747, Jena, Germany.,Network Modeling, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll Institute, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Krawczak
- Institute for Medical Informatics and Statistics, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, D-24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael Ristow
- GerontoSys JenAge Consortium, D-07745, Jena, Germany.,Energy Metabolism Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Schwerzenbach/Zürich, CH-8603, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Schuster
- GerontoSys JenAge Consortium, D-07745, Jena, Germany.,Department of Bioinformatics, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, D-07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Alessandro Cellerino
- GerontoSys JenAge Consortium, D-07745, Jena, Germany.,Biology of Ageing Lab, Leibniz Institute on Aging-Fritz-Lipmann-Institute, D-07745, Jena, Germany.,Laboratory of Neurobiology, Scuola Normale Superiore, University of Pisa, I-56100, Pisa, Italy
| | - Stephan Diekmann
- GerontoSys JenAge Consortium, D-07745, Jena, Germany.,Molecular Biology Lab, Leibniz Institute on Aging-Fritz-Lipmann-Institute, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Christoph Englert
- GerontoSys JenAge Consortium, D-07745, Jena, Germany.,Molecular Genetics Lab, Leibniz Institute on Aging-Fritz-Lipmann-Institute, D-07745, Jena, Germany.,Faculty of Biology and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, D-07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Peter Hemmerich
- GerontoSys JenAge Consortium, D-07745, Jena, Germany.,Imageing Facility, Leibniz Institute on Aging-Fritz-Lipmann-Institute, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Jürgen Sühnel
- GerontoSys JenAge Consortium, D-07745, Jena, Germany.,Biocomputing Lab, Leibniz Institute on Aging-Fritz-Lipmann-Institute, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Reinhard Guthke
- GerontoSys JenAge Consortium, D-07745, Jena, Germany.,Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Group, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans-Knöll-Institute, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Otto W Witte
- GerontoSys JenAge Consortium, D-07745, Jena, Germany.,Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, D-07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Matthias Platzer
- GerontoSys JenAge Consortium, D-07745, Jena, Germany.,Genome Analysis Lab, Leibniz Institute on Aging-Fritz-Lipmann-Institute, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Eytan Ruppin
- Department of Computer Science and Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Christoph Kaleta
- Research Group Medical Systems Biology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, D-24105, Kiel, Germany. .,GerontoSys JenAge Consortium, D-07745, Jena, Germany.
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31
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Does any drug to treat cancer target mTOR and iron hemostasis in neurodegenerative disorders? Biometals 2016; 30:1-16. [PMID: 27853903 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-016-9981-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease are increased by age. Alleviation of their symptoms and protection of normal neurons against degeneration are the main aspects of the research to establish novel therapeutic strategies. Iron as the one of most important cation not only play important role in the structure of electron transport chain proteins but also has pivotal duties in cellular activities. But disruption in iron hemostasis can make it toxin to neurons which causes lipid peroxidation, DNA damage and etc. In patients with Alzheimer and Parkinson misbalancing in iron homeostasis accelerate neurodegeneration and cause neuroinflmmation. mTOR as the common signaling pathway between cancer and neurodegenerative disorders controls iron uptake and it is in active form in both diseases. Anti-cancer drugs which target mTOR causes iron deficiency and dual effects of mTOR inhibitors can candidate them as a therapeutic strategy to alleviate neurodegeneration/inflammation because of iron overloading.
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Marchese D, de Groot NS, Lorenzo Gotor N, Livi CM, Tartaglia GG. Advances in the characterization of RNA-binding proteins. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2016; 7:793-810. [PMID: 27503141 PMCID: PMC5113702 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
From transcription, to transport, storage, and translation, RNA depends on association with different RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). Methods based on next-generation sequencing and protein mass-spectrometry have started to unveil genome-wide interactions of RBPs but many aspects still remain out of sight. How many of the binding sites identified in high-throughput screenings are functional? A number of computational methods have been developed to analyze experimental data and to obtain insights into the specificity of protein-RNA interactions. How can theoretical models be exploited to identify RBPs? In addition to oligomeric complexes, protein and RNA molecules can associate into granular assemblies whose physical properties are still poorly understood. What protein features promote granule formation and what effects do these assemblies have on cell function? Here, we describe the newest in silico, in vitro, and in vivo advances in the field of protein-RNA interactions. We also present the challenges that experimental and computational approaches will have to face in future studies. WIREs RNA 2016, 7:793-810. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1378 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenica Marchese
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalia Sanchez de Groot
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nieves Lorenzo Gotor
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Maria Livi
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- IFOM Foundation, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Gian G Tartaglia
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.
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Non-random distribution of homo-repeats: links with biological functions and human diseases. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26941. [PMID: 27256590 PMCID: PMC4891720 DOI: 10.1038/srep26941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological function of multiple repetitions of single amino acids, or homo-repeats, is largely unknown, but their occurrence in proteins has been associated with more than 20 hereditary diseases. Analysing 122 bacterial and eukaryotic genomes, we observed that the number of proteins containing homo-repeats is significantly larger than expected from theoretical estimates. Analysis of statistical significance indicates that the minimal size of homo-repeats varies with amino acid type and proteome. In an attempt to characterize proteins harbouring long homo-repeats, we found that those containing polar or small amino acids S, P, H, E, D, K, Q and N are enriched in structural disorder as well as protein- and RNA-interactions. We observed that E, S, Q, G, L, P, D, A and H homo-repeats are strongly linked with occurrence in human diseases. Moreover, S, E, P, A, Q, D and T homo-repeats are significantly enriched in neuronal proteins associated with autism and other disorders. We release a webserver for further exploration of homo-repeats occurrence in human pathology at http://bioinfo.protres.ru/hradis/.
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Klus P, Ponti RD, Livi CM, Tartaglia GG. Protein aggregation, structural disorder and RNA-binding ability: a new approach for physico-chemical and gene ontology classification of multiple datasets. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:1071. [PMID: 26673865 PMCID: PMC4681139 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-2280-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Comparison between multiple protein datasets requires the choice of an appropriate reference system and a number of variables to describe their differences. Here we introduce an innovative approach to discriminate multiple protein datasets (multiCM) and to measure enrichments in gene ontology terms (cleverGO) using semantic similarities. Results We illustrate the powerfulness of our approach by investigating the links between RNA-binding ability and other protein features, such as structural disorder and aggregation, in S. cerevisiae, C. elegans, M. musculus and H. sapiens. Our results are in striking agreement with available experimental evidence and unravel features that are key to understand the mechanisms regulating cellular homeostasis. Conclusions In an intuitive way, multiCM and cleverGO provide accurate classifications of physico-chemical features and annotations of biological processes, molecular functions and cellular components, which is extremely useful for the discovery and characterization of new trends in protein datasets. The multiCM and cleverGO can be freely accessed on the Web at http://www.tartaglialab.com/cs_multi/submission and http://www.tartaglialab.com/GO_analyser/universal. Each of the pages contains links to the corresponding documentation and tutorial. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-2280-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Klus
- Gene Function and Evolution, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Riccardo Delli Ponti
- Gene Function and Evolution, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Maria Livi
- Gene Function and Evolution, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gian Gaetano Tartaglia
- Gene Function and Evolution, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain. .,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003, Barcelona, Spain. .,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 23 Passeig Lluís Companys, 08010, Barcelona, Spain.
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