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Foo KY, Shaddy B, Murgoitio-Esandi J, Hepburn MS, Li J, Mowla A, Sanderson RW, Vahala D, Amos SE, Choi YS, Oberai AA, Kennedy BF. Tumor spheroid elasticity estimation using mechano-microscopy combined with a conditional generative adversarial network. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2024; 255:108362. [PMID: 39163784 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2024.108362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Techniques for imaging the mechanical properties of cells are needed to study how cell mechanics influence cell function and disease progression. Mechano-microscopy (a high-resolution variant of compression optical coherence elastography) generates elasticity images of a sample undergoing compression from the phase difference between optical coherence microscopy (OCM) B-scans. However, the existing mechano-microscopy signal processing chain (referred to as the algebraic method) assumes the sample stress is uniaxial and axially uniform, such that violation of these assumptions reduces the accuracy and precision of elasticity images. Furthermore, it does not account for prior information regarding the sample geometry or mechanical property distribution. In this study, we investigate the feasibility of training a conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN) to generate elasticity images from phase difference images of samples containing a cell spheroid embedded in a hydrogel. METHODS To construct the cGAN training and simulated test sets, we generated 30,000 artificial elasticity images using a parametric model and computed the corresponding phase difference images using finite element analysis to simulate compression applied to the artificial samples. We also imaged real MCF7 breast tumor spheroids embedded in hydrogel using mechano-microscopy to construct the experimental test set and evaluated the cGAN using the algebraic elasticity images and co-registered OCM and confocal fluorescence microscopy (CFM) images. RESULTS Comparison with the simulated test set ground truth elasticity images shows the cGAN produces a lower root mean square error (median: 3.47 kPa, 95 % confidence interval (CI) [3.41, 3.52]) than the algebraic method (median: 4.91 kPa, 95 % CI [4.85, 4.97]). For the experimental test set, the cGAN elasticity images contain features resembling stiff nuclei at locations corresponding to nuclei seen in the algebraic elasticity, OCM, and CFM images. Furthermore, the cGAN elasticity images are higher resolution and more robust to noise than the algebraic elasticity images. CONCLUSIONS The cGAN elasticity images exhibit better accuracy, spatial resolution, sensitivity, and robustness to noise than the algebraic elasticity images for both simulated and real experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Y Foo
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia; Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Bryan Shaddy
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Javier Murgoitio-Esandi
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Matt S Hepburn
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia; Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia; Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Jiayue Li
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia; Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alireza Mowla
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia; Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Rowan W Sanderson
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia; Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Danielle Vahala
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Sebastian E Amos
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Yu Suk Choi
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Assad A Oberai
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Brendan F Kennedy
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia; Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Mowla A, Hepburn MS, Li J, Vahala D, Amos SE, Hirvonen LM, Sanderson RW, Wijesinghe P, Maher S, Choi YS, Kennedy BF. Multimodal mechano-microscopy reveals mechanical phenotypes of breast cancer spheroids in three dimensions. APL Bioeng 2024; 8:036113. [PMID: 39257700 PMCID: PMC11387014 DOI: 10.1063/5.0213077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer cell invasion relies on an equilibrium between cell deformability and the biophysical constraints imposed by the extracellular matrix (ECM). However, there is little consensus on the nature of the local biomechanical alterations in cancer cell dissemination in the context of three-dimensional (3D) tumor microenvironments (TMEs). While the shortcomings of two-dimensional (2D) models in replicating in situ cell behavior are well known, 3D TME models remain underutilized because contemporary mechanical quantification tools are limited to surface measurements. Here, we overcome this major challenge by quantifying local mechanics of cancer cell spheroids in 3D TMEs. We achieve this using multimodal mechano-microscopy, integrating optical coherence microscopy-based elasticity imaging with confocal fluorescence microscopy. We observe that non-metastatic cancer spheroids show no invasion while showing increased peripheral cell elasticity in both stiff and soft environments. Metastatic cancer spheroids, however, show ECM-mediated softening in a stiff microenvironment and, in a soft environment, initiate cell invasion with peripheral softening associated with early metastatic dissemination. This exemplar of live-cell 3D mechanotyping supports that invasion increases cell deformability in a 3D context, illustrating the power of multimodal mechano-microscopy for quantitative mechanobiology in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Danielle Vahala
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Sebastian E Amos
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Liisa M Hirvonen
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | | | - Philip Wijesinghe
- Centre of Biophotonics, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9SS, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel Maher
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Yu Suk Choi
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
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Xie Z, Shi Y, Marmin A, Wang RK. Investigation of the Effect of Compression Pressure in Contact OCT Imaging on the Measurement of Epidermis Thickness. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2024:e202400289. [PMID: 39191514 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202400289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive 3D imaging technique that offers significant advantages over traditional microscopy and biopsy in measuring epidermal thickness (ET) when assessing skin conditions. However, OCT imagining is often required to be in a contact mode for mitigating the issues of subject movement and uneven skin topology. It is not known whether the contact would affect the ability of ET measurements. In this study, we investigate the relationship between the contact pressure applied and the ET measurements. We observed progressive deformation in the epidermis with the increase of compression forces, where a notable decrease of up to 13% in ET measurement and 70% decrease in capillary vessels was noted when imaging was in contact mode. We also observed 8.1% less deformation properties in scar tissue than in nearby healthy tissue. Our study underscored the importance of controlled pressure in contact imaging mode, which is often neglected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiying Xie
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Yaping Shi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Agathe Marmin
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ruikang K Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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4
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Kiseleva EB, Sovetsky AA, Ryabkov MG, Gubarkova EV, Plekhanov AA, Bederina EL, Potapov AL, Bogomolova AY, Zaitsev VY, Gladkova ND. Detecting emergence of ruptures in individual layers of the stretched intestinal wall using optical coherence elastography: A pilot study. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2024; 17:e202400086. [PMID: 38923316 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202400086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
We report a new application of compression optical coherence elastography (C-OCE) to monitor the emergence of ruptures in individual layers of longitudinally stretched small-intestine walls using tissue samples (n = 36) from nine minipigs. Before stretching, C-OCE successfully estimated stiffness for each intestine-wall layer: longitudinal muscular layer with serosa, circumferential muscular layer, submucosa and mucosa. In stretched samples, C-OCE clearly visualized initial stiffening in both muscular layers. By 25% elongation, a sharp stiffness decrease for the longitudinal muscular layer, indicated emergence of tears in all samples. With further stretching, for most samples, ruptures emerged in the circumferential muscular layer and submucosa, while mucosa remained undamaged. Histology confirmed the OCE-revealed damaging and absence of tissue damage for ~15% elongation. Thus, C-OCE has demonstrated a high potential for determining the safety tissue-stretching threshold which afterward may be used intraoperatively to prevent rupture risk in intestinal tissues stretched during various diagnostic/therapeutic procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena B Kiseleva
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Alexander A Sovetsky
- Nonlinear Geophysical Processes Department, A.V. Gaponov-Grekhov Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Maksim G Ryabkov
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Ekaterina V Gubarkova
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Anton A Plekhanov
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Evgeniya L Bederina
- University Clinic, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Arseniy L Potapov
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Alexandra Y Bogomolova
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Vladimir Y Zaitsev
- Nonlinear Geophysical Processes Department, A.V. Gaponov-Grekhov Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Natalia D Gladkova
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
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Alexandrovskaya YM, Kasianenko EM, Sovetsky AA, Matveyev AL, Atyakshin DA, Patsap OI, Ignatiuk MA, Volodkin AV, Zaitsev VY. Optical coherence elastography with osmotically induced strains: Preliminary demonstration for express detection of cartilage degradation. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2024; 17:e202400016. [PMID: 38702959 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202400016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Optical coherence elastography (OCE) demonstrated impressive abilities for diagnosing tissue types/states using differences in their biomechanics. Usually, OCE visualizes tissue deformation induced by some additional stimulus (e.g., contact compression or auxiliary elastic-wave excitation). We propose a new variant of OCE with osmotically induced straining (OIS-OCE) and demonstrate its application to assess various stages of proteoglycan content degradation in cartilage. The information-bearing signatures in OIS-OCE are the magnitude and rate of strains caused by the application of osmotically active solutions onto the sample surface. OCE examination of the induced strains does not require special tissue preparation, the osmotic stimulation is highly reproducible, and strains are observed in noncontact mode. Several minutes suffice to obtain a conclusion. These features are promising for intraoperative method usage when express assessment of tissue state is required during surgical operations. The "waterfall" images demonstrate the development of cumulative osmotic strains in control and degraded cartilage samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ekaterina M Kasianenko
- A.V. Gaponov-Grekhov Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- National Research Center Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander A Sovetsky
- A.V. Gaponov-Grekhov Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Alexander L Matveyev
- A.V. Gaponov-Grekhov Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Dmitry A Atyakshin
- Scientific and Educational Resource Center "Molecular Morphology", RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga I Patsap
- Scientific and Educational Resource Center "Molecular Morphology", RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail A Ignatiuk
- Scientific and Educational Resource Center "Molecular Morphology", RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Artem V Volodkin
- Scientific and Educational Resource Center "Molecular Morphology", RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Y Zaitsev
- A.V. Gaponov-Grekhov Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
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Hu Z, Liao S, Zhou J, Chen Q, Wu R. Elastic parameter identification of three-dimensional soft tissue based on deep neural network. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2024; 155:106542. [PMID: 38631100 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
In the field of virtual surgery and deformation simulation, the identification of elastic parameters of human soft tissues is a critical technology that directly affects the accuracy of deformation simulation. Current research on soft tissue deformation simulation predominantly assumes that the elasticity of tissues is fixed and already known, leading to the difficulty in populating with the elasticity measured or identified from specific tissues of real patients. Existing elasticity modeling efforts struggle to be implemented on irregularly structured soft tissues, failing to adapt to clinical surgical practices. Therefore, this paper proposes a new method for identifying human soft tissue elastic parameters based on the finite element method and the deep neural network, UNet. This method requires only the full-field displacement data of soft tissues under external loads to predict their elastic distribution. The performance and validity of the algorithm are assessed using test data and clinical data from rhinoplasty surgeries. Experiments demonstrate that the method proposed in this paper can achieve an accuracy of over 99% in predicting elastic parameters. Clinical data validation shows that the predicted elastic distribution can reduce the error in finite element deformation simulations by more than 80% at the maximum compared to the error with traditional uniform elastic parameters, effectively enhancing the computational accuracy in virtual surgery simulations and soft tissue deformation modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Hu
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Shenghui Liao
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, China.
| | - Jianda Zhou
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Qiuyang Chen
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Renzhong Wu
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, China
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7
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Navaeipour F, Hepburn MS, Li J, Metzner KL, Amos SE, Vahala D, Maher S, Choi YS, Kennedy BF. In situ stress estimation in quantitative micro-elastography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:3609-3626. [PMID: 38867802 PMCID: PMC11166433 DOI: 10.1364/boe.522002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
In quantitative micro-elastography (QME), a pre-characterized compliant layer with a known stress-strain curve is utilized to map stress at the sample surface. However, differences in the boundary conditions of the compliant layer when it is mechanically characterized and when it is used in QME experiments lead to inconsistent stress estimation and consequently, inaccurate elasticity measurements. Here, we propose a novel in situ stress estimation method using an optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based uniaxial compression testing system integrated with the QME experimental setup. By combining OCT-measured axial strain with axial stress determined using a load cell in the QME experiments, we can estimate in situ stress for the compliant layer, more accurately considering its boundary conditions. Our proposed method shows improved accuracy, with an error below 10%, compared to 85% using the existing QME technique with no lubrication. Furthermore, demonstrations on hydrogels and cells indicate the potential of this approach for improving the characterization of the micro-scale mechanical properties of cells and their interactions with the surrounding biomaterial, which has potential for application in cell mechanobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Navaeipour
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, 35, Stirling Highway, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Matt S. Hepburn
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, 35, Stirling Highway, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Jiayue Li
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, 35, Stirling Highway, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Australia
| | - Kai L. Metzner
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, 35, Stirling Highway, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Sebastian E. Amos
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Danielle Vahala
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Samuel Maher
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Yu Suk Choi
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Brendan F. Kennedy
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, 35, Stirling Highway, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Torun, Poland
- Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Australia
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Poudrel AS, Bouffandeau A, Demeet OL, Rosi G, Nguyen VH, Haiat G. Characterization of the concentration of agar-based soft tissue mimicking phantoms by impact analysis. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2024; 152:106465. [PMID: 38377641 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
In various medical fields, a change of soft tissue stiffness is associated with its physio-pathological evolution. While elastography is extensively employed to assess soft tissue stiffness in vivo, its application requires a complex and expensive technology. The aim of this study is to determine whether an easy-to-use method based on impact analysis can be employed to determine the concentration of agar-based soft tissue mimicking phantoms. Impact analysis was performed on soft tissue mimicking phantoms made of agar gel with a mass concentration ranging from 1% to 5%. An indicator Δt is derived from the temporal variation of the impact force signal between the hammer and a small beam in contact with the sample. The results show a non-linear decrease of Δt as a function of the agar concentration (and thus of the sample stiffness). The value of Δt provides an estimation of the agar concentration with an error of 0.11%. This sensitivity of the impact analysis based method to the agar concentration is of the same order of magnitude than results obtained with elastography techniques. This study opens new paths towards the development of impact analysis for a fast, easy and relatively inexpensive clinical evaluation of soft tissue elastic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Poudrel
- CNRS, Univ Paris Est Creteil, Univ Gustave Eiffel, UMR 8208, MSME, F-94010 Créteil, France
| | - Arthur Bouffandeau
- CNRS, Univ Paris Est Creteil, Univ Gustave Eiffel, UMR 8208, MSME, F-94010 Créteil, France
| | - Oriane Le Demeet
- CNRS, Univ Paris Est Creteil, Univ Gustave Eiffel, UMR 8208, MSME, F-94010 Créteil, France
| | - Giuseppe Rosi
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, Univ Gustave Eiffel, CNRS, UMR 8208, MSME, F-94010 Créteil, France
| | - Vu-Hieu Nguyen
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, Univ Gustave Eiffel, CNRS, UMR 8208, MSME, F-94010 Créteil, France
| | - Guillaume Haiat
- CNRS, Univ Paris Est Creteil, Univ Gustave Eiffel, UMR 8208, MSME, F-94010 Créteil, France.
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Parmar A, Singh K. Motion-artifact-free single shot two-beam optical coherence elastography system. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2024; 29:025003. [PMID: 38390309 PMCID: PMC10883076 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.29.2.025003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Significance The assessment of the biomechanical properties of the skin using various imaging techniques has been used as a diagnostic tool in dermatology. Optical coherence elastography (OCE) is one of the techniques that allows for the measurement of elastic properties. OCE relies on measuring tissue displacements induced by external sources. Measuring the tissue's mechanical properties in vivo using OCE is often challenging due to bulk tissue movement. Aim This study aimed to develop an OCE system that allows for minimizing the effects of bulk tissue movements. To achieve this, we designed a two-beam OCE system that simultaneously measures the tissue displacement at two locations on the sample. This allows for cancelling the effect of the tissue bulk movement, which is common to both measurement points. Approach We used a piezoelectric transducer to generate surface acoustic waves (SAW) in the sample. The velocity of the excited waves, which is proportional to the rigidity of the sample, was measured by calculating the phase delay of the SAW at two locations on the sample. Simultaneous measurement at two locations was achieved by dividing a single light beam into two by focusing on the sample at two different locations. The two beams travel different optical path lengths, and the reflected signals were depth encoded in a single optical coherence tomography scan using a single reference beam. Results The system was characterized using different tissue-mimicking phantoms and the skin of healthy volunteers at the wrist and the palm. We achieved an approximately 50-fold increase in phase sensitivity measurement. Conclusions We designed a simple two-beam OCE system that effectively minimizes the effect of tissue movement. We believe that the presented system will find immediate applications in the clinic to monitor the progression of systemic sclerosis disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asha Parmar
- Max-Planck-Institute for the Science of Light, Erlangen, Germany
- Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Erlangen, Germany
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department of Experimental Physics, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kanwarpal Singh
- Max-Planck-Institute for the Science of Light, Erlangen, Germany
- Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Erlangen, Germany
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department of Experimental Physics, Erlangen, Germany
- McMaster University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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10
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Wang C, Zhu J, Ma J, Meng X, Ma Z, Fan F. Optical coherence elastography and its applications for the biomechanical characterization of tissues. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2023; 16:e202300292. [PMID: 37774137 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202300292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
The biomechanical characterization of the tissues provides significant evidence for determining the pathological status and assessing the disease treatment. Incorporating elastography with optical coherence tomography (OCT), optical coherence elastography (OCE) can map the spatial elasticity distribution of biological tissue with high resolution. After the excitation with the external or inherent force, the tissue response of the deformation or vibration is detected by OCT imaging. The elastogram is assessed by stress-strain analysis, vibration amplitude measurements, and quantification of elastic wave velocities. OCE has been used for elasticity measurements in ophthalmology, endoscopy, and oncology, improving the precision of diagnosis and treatment of disease. In this article, we review the OCE methods for biomechanical characterization and summarize current OCE applications in biomedicine. The limitations and future development of OCE are also discussed during its translation to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongyang Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Optoelectronic Measurement Technology and Instrument, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Jiawei Ma
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Optoelectronic Measurement Technology and Instrument, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaochen Meng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Optoelectronic Measurement Technology and Instrument, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing, China
| | - Zongqing Ma
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Optoelectronic Measurement Technology and Instrument, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Fan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Optoelectronic Measurement Technology and Instrument, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing, China
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Vahala D, Amos SE, Sacchi M, Soliman BG, Hepburn MS, Mowla A, Li J, Jeong JH, Astell C, Hwang Y, Kennedy BF, Lim KS, Choi YS. 3D Volumetric Mechanosensation of MCF7 Breast Cancer Spheroids in a Linear Stiffness Gradient GelAGE. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2301506. [PMID: 37670531 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment presents spatiotemporal shifts in biomechanical properties with cancer progression. Hydrogel biomaterials like GelAGE offer the stiffness tuneability to recapitulate dynamic changes in tumor tissues by altering photo-energy exposures. Here, a tuneable hydrogel with spatiotemporal control of stiffness and mesh-network is developed. The volume of MCF7 spheroids encapsulated in a linear stiffness gradient demonstrates an inverse relationship with stiffness (p < 0.0001). As spheroids are exposed to increased crosslinking (stiffer) and greater mechanical confinement, spheroid stiffness increases. Protein expression (TRPV4, β1 integrin, E-cadherin, and F-actin) decreases with increasing stiffness while showing strong correlations to spheroid volume (r2 > 0.9). To further investigate the role of volume, MCF7 spheroids are grown in a soft matrix for 5 days prior to a second polymerisation which presents a stiffness gradient to equally expanded spheroids. Despite being exposed to variable stiffness, these spheroids show even protein expression, confirming volume as a key regulator. Overall, this work showcases the versatility of GelAGE and demonstrates volume expansion as a key regulator of 3D mechanosensation in MCF7 breast cancer spheroids. This platform has the potential to further investigation into the role of stiffness and dimensionality in 3D spheroid culture for other types of cancers and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Vahala
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Sebastian E Amos
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Marta Sacchi
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Bram G Soliman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand
| | - Matt S Hepburn
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Alireza Mowla
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Jiayue Li
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Ji Hoon Jeong
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do, 31151, South Korea
| | - Chrissie Astell
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Yongsung Hwang
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do, 31151, South Korea
| | - Brendan F Kennedy
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Khoon S Lim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Yu Suk Choi
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
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12
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Chen MB, Javanmardi Y, Shahreza S, Serwinski B, Aref A, Djordjevic B, Moeendarbary E. Mechanobiology in oncology: basic concepts and clinical prospects. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1239749. [PMID: 38020912 PMCID: PMC10644154 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1239749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The interplay between genetic transformations, biochemical communications, and physical interactions is crucial in cancer progression. Metastasis, a leading cause of cancer-related deaths, involves a series of steps, including invasion, intravasation, circulation survival, and extravasation. Mechanical alterations, such as changes in stiffness and morphology, play a significant role in all stages of cancer initiation and dissemination. Accordingly, a better understanding of cancer mechanobiology can help in the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Targeting the physical properties of tumours and their microenvironment presents opportunities for intervention. Advancements in imaging techniques and lab-on-a-chip systems enable personalized investigations of tumor biomechanics and drug screening. Investigation of the interplay between genetic, biochemical, and mechanical factors, which is of crucial importance in cancer progression, offers insights for personalized medicine and innovative treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle B. Chen
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Yousef Javanmardi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Somayeh Shahreza
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bianca Serwinski
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- 199 Biotechnologies Ltd., London, United Kingdom
- Northeastern University London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Amir Aref
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Boris Djordjevic
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- 199 Biotechnologies Ltd., London, United Kingdom
| | - Emad Moeendarbary
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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13
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Fang Q, Castro-Urrea FA, Haederle F, Sanderson RW, Silva D, A Cowling W, Kennedy BF. In vivo characterisation of field pea stem wall thickness using optical coherence tomography. PLANT METHODS 2023; 19:105. [PMID: 37821949 PMCID: PMC10566190 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-023-01075-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modern field pea breeding faces a significant challenge in selecting lines with strong stems that resist lodging. Traditional methods of assessing stem strength involve destructive mechanical tests on mature stems after natural senescence, such as measuring stem flexion, stem buckling or the thickness of dry stems when compressed, but these measurements may not correspond to the strength of stems in the living plant. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) can be used as a noncontact and nondestructive method to measure stem wall thickness in living plants by acquiring two- or three-dimensional images of living plant tissue. RESULTS In this proof-of-principle study, we demonstrated in vivo characterisation of stem wall thickness using OCT, with the measurement corrected for the refractive index of the stem tissue. This in vivo characterisation was achieved through real-time imaging of stems, with an acquisition rate of 13 milliseconds per two-dimensional, cross-sectional OCT image. We also acquired OCT images of excised stems and compared the accuracy of in vivo OCT measurements of stem wall thickness with ex vivo results for 10 plants each of two field pea cultivars, Dunwa and Kaspa. In vivo OCT measurements of stem wall thickness have an average percent error of - 3.1% when compared with ex vivo measurements. Additionally, we performed in vivo measurements of both stem wall thickness and stem width at various internode positions on the two cultivars. The results revealed that Dunwa had a uniform stem wall thickness across different internode positions, while Kaspa had a significantly negative slope of [Formula: see text]0.0198 mm/node. Both cultivars exhibited an increase in stem width along the internode positions; however, Dunwa had a rate of increase of 0.1844 mm/node, which is three times higher than that of Kaspa. CONCLUSIONS Our study has demonstrated the efficacy of OCT for accurate measurement of the stem wall thickness of live field pea. Moreover, OCT shows that the trends of stem wall thickness and stem width along the internode positions are different for the two cultivars, Dunwa and Kaspa, potentially hinting at differences in their stem strength. This rapid, in vivo imaging method provides a useful tool for characterising physical traits critical in breeding cultivars that are resistant to lodging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Fang
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.
- Centre for Medical Research, BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.
| | - Felipe A Castro-Urrea
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Felix Haederle
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Rowan W Sanderson
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
- Centre for Medical Research, BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Dilusha Silva
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Wallace A Cowling
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Brendan F Kennedy
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
- Centre for Medical Research, BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Institute of Physics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
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14
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Metzner KL, Fang Q, Sanderson RW, Mowla A, Kennedy BF. Analysis of friction in quantitative micro-elastography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:5127-5147. [PMID: 37854567 PMCID: PMC10581800 DOI: 10.1364/boe.494013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative micro-elastography (QME) is a compression-based optical coherence elastography technique capable of measuring the mechanical properties of tissue on the micro-scale. As QME requires contact between the imaging window and the sample, the presence of friction affects the accuracy of the estimated elasticity. In previous implementations, a lubricant was applied at the contact surfaces, which was assumed to result in negligible friction. However, recently, errors in the estimation of elasticity caused by friction have been reported. This effect has yet to be characterized and is, therefore, not well understood. In this work, we present a systematic analysis of friction in QME using silicone phantoms. We demonstrate that friction, and, therefore, the elasticity accuracy, is influenced by several experimental factors, including the viscosity of the lubricant, the mechanical contrast between the compliant layer and the sample, and the time after the application of a compressive strain. Elasticity errors over an order of magnitude were observed in the absence of appropriate lubrication when compared to uniaxial compression testing. Using an optimized lubrication protocol, we demonstrate accurate elasticity estimation (<10% error) for nonlinear elastic samples with Young's moduli ranging from 3 kPa to 130 kPa. Finally, using a structured phantom, we demonstrate that friction can significantly reduce mechanical contrast in QME. We believe that the framework established in this study will facilitate more robust elasticity estimations in QME, as well as being readily adapted to understand the effects of friction in other contact elastography techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai L. Metzner
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Qi Fang
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Rowan W. Sanderson
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Alireza Mowla
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Brendan F. Kennedy
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
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15
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Hu H, Ma Y, Gao X, Song D, Li M, Huang H, Qian X, Wu R, Shi K, Ding H, Lin M, Chen X, Zhao W, Qi B, Zhou S, Chen R, Gu Y, Chen Y, Lei Y, Wang C, Wang C, Tong Y, Cui H, Abdal A, Zhu Y, Tian X, Chen Z, Lu C, Yang X, Mu J, Lou Z, Eghtedari M, Zhou Q, Oberai A, Xu S. Stretchable ultrasonic arrays for the three-dimensional mapping of the modulus of deep tissue. Nat Biomed Eng 2023; 7:1321-1334. [PMID: 37127710 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-023-01038-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Serial assessment of the biomechanical properties of tissues can be used to aid the early detection and management of pathophysiological conditions, to track the evolution of lesions and to evaluate the progress of rehabilitation. However, current methods are invasive, can be used only for short-term measurements, or have insufficient penetration depth or spatial resolution. Here we describe a stretchable ultrasonic array for performing serial non-invasive elastographic measurements of tissues up to 4 cm beneath the skin at a spatial resolution of 0.5 mm. The array conforms to human skin and acoustically couples with it, allowing for accurate elastographic imaging, which we validated via magnetic resonance elastography. We used the device to map three-dimensional distributions of the Young's modulus of tissues ex vivo, to detect microstructural damage in the muscles of volunteers before the onset of soreness and to monitor the dynamic recovery process of muscle injuries during physiotherapies. The technology may facilitate the diagnosis and treatment of diseases affecting tissue biomechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjie Hu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yuxiang Ma
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Xiaoxiang Gao
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Dawei Song
- Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mohan Li
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hao Huang
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Xuejun Qian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ray Wu
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Keren Shi
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hong Ding
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Muyang Lin
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Xiangjun Chen
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Wenbo Zhao
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Baiyan Qi
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sai Zhou
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ruimin Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yue Gu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yimu Chen
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yusheng Lei
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Chonghe Wang
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Chunfeng Wang
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yitian Tong
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Haotian Cui
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Abdulhameed Abdal
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yangzhi Zhu
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Xinyu Tian
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Zhaoxin Chen
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Chengchangfeng Lu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Xinyi Yang
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jing Mu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Zhiyuan Lou
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mohammad Eghtedari
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Qifa Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Assad Oberai
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sheng Xu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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16
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Rwandamuriye FX, Evans CW, Wylie B, Norret M, Vitali B, Ho D, Nguyen D, Roper EA, Wang T, Hepburn MS, Sanderson RW, Pfirrmann M, Fear VS, Forbes CA, Wyatt K, Ryan AL, Johns TG, Phillips MB, Hodder R, Leslie C, Kennedy BF, Zemek RM, Iyer KS, Lesterhuis WJ. A surgically optimized intraoperative poly(I:C)-releasing hydrogel prevents cancer recurrence. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101113. [PMID: 37467718 PMCID: PMC10394259 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Recurrences frequently occur following surgical removal of primary tumors. In many cancers, adjuvant therapies have limited efficacy. Surgery provides access to the tumor microenvironment, creating an opportunity for local therapy, in particular immunotherapy, which can induce local and systemic anti-cancer effects. Here, we develop a surgically optimized biodegradable hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel for sustained intraoperative delivery of Toll-like receptor 3 agonist poly(I:C) and demonstrate that it significantly reduces tumor recurrence after surgery in multiple mouse models. Mechanistically, poly(I:C) induces a transient interferon alpha (IFNα) response, reshaping the tumor/wound microenvironment by attracting inflammatory monocytes and depleting regulatory T cells. We demonstrate that a pre-existing IFN signature predicts response to the poly(I:C) hydrogel, which sensitizes tumors to immune checkpoint therapy. The safety, immunogenicity, and surgical feasibility are confirmed in a veterinary trial in canine soft tissue tumors. The surgically optimized poly(I:C)-loaded hydrogel provides a safe and effective approach to prevent cancer recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cameron W Evans
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Ben Wylie
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Marck Norret
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Breana Vitali
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Diwei Ho
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Dat Nguyen
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Ellise A Roper
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Tao Wang
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Matt S Hepburn
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, Australia; Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia; Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Rowan W Sanderson
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, Australia; Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia; Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Maren Pfirrmann
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia; Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Vanessa S Fear
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Catherine A Forbes
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Ken Wyatt
- Perth Veterinary Specialists, Osborne Park, WA, Australia; Murdoch Veterinary School, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Anne L Ryan
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia; Department of Oncology, Hematology and Tissue and Cellular Therapies, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Terrance G Johns
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Marianne B Phillips
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia; Department of Oncology, Hematology and Tissue and Cellular Therapies, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Rupert Hodder
- Department of Surgery, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Connull Leslie
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Brendan F Kennedy
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, Australia; Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia; Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Rachael M Zemek
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
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17
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Wang C, Wu Y, Dong X, Armacki M, Sitti M. In situ sensing physiological properties of biological tissues using wireless miniature soft robots. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg3988. [PMID: 37285426 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg3988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Implanted electronic sensors, compared with conventional medical imaging, allow monitoring of advanced physiological properties of soft biological tissues continuously, such as adhesion, pH, viscoelasticity, and biomarkers for disease diagnosis. However, they are typically invasive, requiring being deployed by surgery, and frequently cause inflammation. Here we propose a minimally invasive method of using wireless miniature soft robots to in situ sense the physiological properties of tissues. By controlling robot-tissue interaction using external magnetic fields, visualized by medical imaging, we can recover tissue properties precisely from the robot shape and magnetic fields. We demonstrate that the robot can traverse tissues with multimodal locomotion and sense the adhesion, pH, and viscoelasticity on porcine and mice gastrointestinal tissues ex vivo, tracked by x-ray or ultrasound imaging. With the unprecedented capability of sensing tissue physiological properties with minimal invasion and high resolution deep inside our body, this technology can potentially enable critical applications in both basic research and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiang Wang
- Physical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Yingdan Wu
- Physical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - Xiaoguang Dong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | | | - Metin Sitti
- Physical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8092, Switzerland
- School of Medicine and College of Engineering, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
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18
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Plekhanov AA, Gubarkova EV, Sirotkina MA, Sovetsky AA, Vorontsov DA, Matveev LA, Kuznetsov SS, Bogomolova AY, Vorontsov AY, Matveyev AL, Gamayunov SV, Zagaynova EV, Zaitsev VY, Gladkova ND. Compression OCT-elastography combined with speckle-contrast analysis as an approach to the morphological assessment of breast cancer tissue. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:3037-3056. [PMID: 37342703 PMCID: PMC10278614 DOI: 10.1364/boe.489021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Currently, optical biopsy technologies are being developed for rapid and label-free visualization of biological tissue with micrometer-level resolution. They can play an important role in breast-conserving surgery guidance, detection of residual cancer cells, and targeted histological analysis. For solving these problems, compression optical coherence elastography (C-OCE) demonstrated impressive results based on differences in the elasticity of different tissue constituents. However, sometimes straightforward C-OCE-based differentiation is insufficient because of the similar stiffness of certain tissue components. We present a new automated approach to the rapid morphological assessment of human breast cancer based on the combined usage of C-OCE and speckle-contrast (SC) analysis. Using the SC analysis of structural OCT images, the threshold value of the SC coefficient was established to enable the separation of areas of adipose cells from necrotic cancer cells, even if they are highly similar in elastic properties. Consequently, the boundaries of the tumor bed can be reliably identified. The joint analysis of structural and elastographic images enables automated morphological segmentation based on the characteristic ranges of stiffness (Young's modulus) and SC coefficient established for four morphological structures of breast-cancer samples from patients post neoadjuvant chemotherapy (residual cancer cells, cancer stroma, necrotic cancer cells, and mammary adipose cells). This enabled precise automated detection of residual cancer-cell zones within the tumor bed for grading cancer response to chemotherapy. The results of C-OCE/SC morphometry highly correlated with the histology-based results (r =0.96-0.98). The combined C-OCE/SC approach has the potential to be used intraoperatively for achieving clean resection margins in breast cancer surgery and for performing targeted histological analysis of samples, including the evaluation of the efficacy of cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton A. Plekhanov
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Minin and Pozharsky sq. 10/1, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Ekaterina V. Gubarkova
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Minin and Pozharsky sq. 10/1, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Marina A. Sirotkina
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Minin and Pozharsky sq. 10/1, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Alexander A. Sovetsky
- Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulyanova st. 46, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Dmitry A. Vorontsov
- Nizhny Novgorod Regional Oncologic Hospital, Delovaya st. 11/1, 603093 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Lev A. Matveev
- Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulyanova st. 46, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Sergey S. Kuznetsov
- Nizhny Novgorod Regional Oncologic Hospital, Delovaya st. 11/1, 603093 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Alexandra Y. Bogomolova
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Minin and Pozharsky sq. 10/1, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Lobachevsky State University, Gagarin Avenue 23, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Alexey Y. Vorontsov
- Nizhny Novgorod Regional Oncologic Hospital, Delovaya st. 11/1, 603093 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Alexander L. Matveyev
- Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulyanova st. 46, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Sergey V. Gamayunov
- Nizhny Novgorod Regional Oncologic Hospital, Delovaya st. 11/1, 603093 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Elena V. Zagaynova
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Minin and Pozharsky sq. 10/1, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Lobachevsky State University, Gagarin Avenue 23, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Vladimir Y. Zaitsev
- Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulyanova st. 46, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Natalia D. Gladkova
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Minin and Pozharsky sq. 10/1, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
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Torres J, Callejas A, Gomez A, Rus G. Optical micro-elastography with magnetic excitation for high frequency rheological characterization of soft media. ULTRASONICS 2023; 132:107021. [PMID: 37141701 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2023.107021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The propagation of shear waves in elastography at high frequency (>3 kHz) in viscoelastic media has not been extensively studied due to the high attenuation and technical limitations of current techniques. An optical micro-elastography (OME) technique using magnetic excitation for generating and tracking high frequency shear waves with enough spatial and temporal resolution was proposed. Ultrasonics shear waves (above 20 kHz) were generated and observed in polyacrylamide samples. A cutoff frequency, from where the waves no longer propagate, was observed to vary depending on the mechanical properties of the samples. The ability of the Kelvin-Voigt (KV) model to explain the high cutoff frequency was investigated. Two alternative measurement techniques, Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) and Shear Wave Elastography (SWE), were used to complete the whole frequency range of the velocity dispersion curve while avoid capturing guided waves in the low frequency range (<3 kHz). The combination of the three measurement techniques provided rheology information from quasi-static to ultrasonic frequency range. A key observation was that the full frequency range of the dispersion curve was necessary if one wanted to infer accurate physical parameters from the rheological model. By comparing the low frequency range with the high frequency range, the relative errors for the viscosity parameter could reach 60 % and they could be higher with higher dispersive behavior. The high cutoff frequency may be predicted in materials that follow a KV model over their entire measurable frequency range. The mechanical characterization of cell culture media could benefit from the proposed OME technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Torres
- Ultrasonics Lab (TEP-959), Department of Structural Mechanics, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain; TEC-12 group, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada 18001, Spain.
| | - Antonio Callejas
- Ultrasonics Lab (TEP-959), Department of Structural Mechanics, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain; TEC-12 group, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada 18001, Spain
| | - Antonio Gomez
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Guillermo Rus
- Ultrasonics Lab (TEP-959), Department of Structural Mechanics, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain; TEC-12 group, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada 18001, Spain; Excellence Research Unit "ModelingNature" (MNat), Universidad de Granada, Granada 18001, Spain
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20
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Plekhanov AA, Sirotkina MA, Gubarkova EV, Kiseleva EB, Sovetsky AA, Karabut MM, Zagainov VE, Kuznetsov SS, Maslennikova AV, Zagaynova EV, Zaitsev VY, Gladkova ND. Towards targeted colorectal cancer biopsy based on tissue morphology assessment by compression optical coherence elastography. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1121838. [PMID: 37064146 PMCID: PMC10100073 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1121838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Identifying the precise topography of cancer for targeted biopsy in colonoscopic examination is a challenge in current diagnostic practice. For the first time we demonstrate the use of compression optical coherence elastography (C-OCE) technology as a new functional OCT modality for differentiating between cancerous and non-cancerous tissues in colon and detecting their morphological features on the basis of measurement of tissue elastic properties. The method uses pre-determined stiffness values (Young’s modulus) to distinguish between different morphological structures of normal (mucosa and submucosa), benign tumor (adenoma) and malignant tumor tissue (including cancer cells, gland-like structures, cribriform gland-like structures, stromal fibers, extracellular mucin). After analyzing in excess of fifty tissue samples, a threshold stiffness value of 520 kPa was suggested above which areas of colorectal cancer were detected invariably. A high Pearson correlation (r =0.98; p <0.05), and a negligible bias (0.22) by good agreement of the segmentation results of C-OCE and histological (reference standard) images was demonstrated, indicating the efficiency of C-OCE to identify the precise localization of colorectal cancer and the possibility to perform targeted biopsy. Furthermore, we demonstrated the ability of C-OCE to differentiate morphological subtypes of colorectal cancer – low-grade and high-grade colorectal adenocarcinomas, mucinous adenocarcinoma, and cribriform patterns. The obtained ex vivo results highlight prospects of C-OCE for high-level colon malignancy detection. The future endoscopic use of C-OCE will allow targeted biopsy sampling and simultaneous rapid analysis of the heterogeneous morphology of colon tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton A. Plekhanov
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- *Correspondence: Anton A. Plekhanov,
| | - Marina A. Sirotkina
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Ekaterina V. Gubarkova
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Elena B. Kiseleva
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Alexander A. Sovetsky
- Laboratory of Wave Methods for Studying Structurally Inhomogeneous Media, Institute of Applied Physics Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Maria M. Karabut
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Vladimir E. Zagainov
- Department of Faculty Surgery and Transplantation, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Department of Pathology, Nizhny Novgorod Regional Oncologic Hospital, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Sergey S. Kuznetsov
- Department of Pathology, Nizhny Novgorod Regional Oncologic Hospital, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Anna V. Maslennikova
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Therapy and Radiation Diagnostics, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Elena V. Zagaynova
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Vladimir Y. Zaitsev
- Laboratory of Wave Methods for Studying Structurally Inhomogeneous Media, Institute of Applied Physics Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Natalia D. Gladkova
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
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21
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Zhang M, Liao J, Jia Z, Qin C, Zhang L, Wang H, Liu Y, Jiang C, Han M, Li J, Wang K, Wang X, Bu H, Yao J, Liu Y. High Dynamic Range Dual-Modal White Light Imaging Improves the Accuracy of Tumor Bed Sampling After Neoadjuvant Therapy for Breast Cancer. Am J Clin Pathol 2023; 159:293-303. [PMID: 36799717 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqac167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Accurate evaluation of residual cancer burden remains challenging because of the lack of appropriate techniques for tumor bed sampling. This study evaluated the application of a white light imaging system to help pathologists differentiate the components and location of tumor bed in specimens. METHODS The high dynamic range dual-mode white light imaging (HDR-DWI) system was developed to capture antiglare reflection and multiexposure HDR transmission images. It was tested in 60 specimens of modified radical mastectomy after neoadjuvant therapy. We observed the differential transmittance among tumor tissue, fibrosis tissue, and adipose tissue. RESULTS The sensitivity and specificity of HDR-DWI were compared with x-ray or visual examination to determine whether HDR-DWI was superior in identifying tumor beds. We found that tumor tissue had lower transmittance (0.12 ± 0.03) than fibers (0.15 ± 0.04) and fats (0.27 ± 0.07) (P < .01). CONCLUSIONS HDR-DWI was more sensitive in identifying fiber and tumor tissues than cabinet x-ray and visual observation (P < .01). In addition, HDR-DWI could identify more fibrosis areas than the currently used whole slide imaging did in 12 samples (12/60). We have determined that HDR-DWI can provide more in-depth tumor bed information than x-ray and visual examination do, which will help prevent diagnostic errors in tumor bed sampling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jun Liao
- AI Lab, Tencent, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhanli Jia
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | | | - Lingling Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Han Wang
- AI Lab, Tencent, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yao Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | | | - Mengxue Han
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jinze Li
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xinran Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hong Bu
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Yueping Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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22
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Tomizawa Y, Daggett DF, Zheng G, Hoshino K. Light microscopy-based elastography for the mechanical characterization of zebrafish somitogenesis. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2023; 16:e202200238. [PMID: 36336921 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202200238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the elasticity of live tissues of zebrafish embryos using label-free optical elastography. We employed a pair of custom-built elastic microcantilevers to gently compress a zebrafish embryo and used optical-tracking analysis to obtain the induced internal strain. We then built a finite element method (FEM) model and matched the strain with the optical analysis. The elastic moduli were found by minimizing the root-mean-square errors between the optical and FEM analyses. We evaluated the average elastic moduli of a developing somite, the overlying ectoderm, and the underlying yolk of seven zebrafish embryos during the early somitogenesis stages. The estimation results showed that the average elastic modulus of the somite increased from 150 to 700 Pa between 4- and 8-somite stages, while those of the ectoderm and the yolk stayed between 100 and 200 Pa, and they did not show significant changes. The result matches well with the developmental process of somitogenesis reported in the literature. This is among the first attempts to quantify spatially-resolved elasticity of embryonic tissues from optical elastography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Tomizawa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - David F Daggett
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Guoan Zheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Kazunori Hoshino
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
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23
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Zaitsev VY, Sovetsky AA, Matveyev AL, Matveev LA, Shabanov D, Salamatova VY, Karavaikin PA, Vassilevski YV. Application of compression optical coherence elastography for characterization of human pericardium: A pilot study. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2023; 16:e202200253. [PMID: 36397665 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202200253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The recent impressive progress in Compression Optical Coherence Elastography (C-OCE) demonstrated diverse biomedical applications, comprising ophthalmology, oncology, etc. High resolution of C-OCE enables spatially resolved characterization of elasticity of rather thin (thickness < 1 mm) samples, which previously was impossible. Besides Young's modulus, C-OCE enables obtaining of nonlinear stress-strain dependences for various tissues. Here, we report the first application of C-OCE to nondestructively characterize biomechanics of human pericardium, for which data of conventional tensile tests are very limited and controversial. C-OCE revealed pronounced differences among differently prepared pericardium samples. Ample understanding of the influence of chemo-mechanical treatment on pericardium biomechanics is very important because of rapidly growing usage of own patients' pericardium for replacement of aortic valve leaflets in cardio-surgery. The figure demonstrates differences in the tangent Young's modulus after glutaraldehyde-induced cross-linking for two pericardium samples. One sample was over-stretched during the preparation, which caused some damage to the tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Y Zaitsev
- Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Alexander A Sovetsky
- Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Alexander L Matveyev
- Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Lev A Matveev
- Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Dmitry Shabanov
- Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Victoria Y Salamatova
- Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
- Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi, Russia
| | | | - Yuri V Vassilevski
- Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
- Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi, Russia
- Marchuk Institute of Numerical Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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24
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Leartprapun N, Adie SG. Recent advances in optical elastography and emerging opportunities in the basic sciences and translational medicine [Invited]. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:208-248. [PMID: 36698669 PMCID: PMC9842001 DOI: 10.1364/boe.468932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Optical elastography offers a rich body of imaging capabilities that can serve as a bridge between organ-level medical elastography and single-molecule biophysics. We review the methodologies and recent developments in optical coherence elastography, Brillouin microscopy, optical microrheology, and photoacoustic elastography. With an outlook toward maximizing the basic science and translational clinical impact of optical elastography technologies, we discuss potential ways that these techniques can integrate not only with each other, but also with supporting technologies and capabilities in other biomedical fields. By embracing cross-modality and cross-disciplinary interactions with these parallel fields, optical elastography can greatly increase its potential to drive new discoveries in the biomedical sciences as well as the development of novel biomechanics-based clinical diagnostics and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nichaluk Leartprapun
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
- Present affiliation: Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Steven G. Adie
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
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25
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Morales IA, Boghdady CM, Campbell BE, Moraes C. Integrating mechanical sensor readouts into organ-on-a-chip platforms. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1060895. [PMID: 36588933 PMCID: PMC9800895 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1060895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Organs-on-a-chip have emerged as next-generation tissue engineered models to accurately capture realistic human tissue behaviour, thereby addressing many of the challenges associated with using animal models in research. Mechanical features of the culture environment have emerged as being critically important in designing organs-on-a-chip, as they play important roles in both stimulating realistic tissue formation and function, as well as capturing integrative elements of homeostasis, tissue function, and tissue degeneration in response to external insult and injury. Despite the demonstrated impact of incorporating mechanical cues in these models, strategies to measure these mechanical tissue features in microfluidically-compatible formats directly on-chip are relatively limited. In this review, we first describe general microfluidically-compatible Organs-on-a-chip sensing strategies, and categorize these advances based on the specific advantages of incorporating them on-chip. We then consider foundational and recent advances in mechanical analysis techniques spanning cellular to tissue length scales; and discuss their integration into Organs-on-a-chips for more effective drug screening, disease modeling, and characterization of biological dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Christopher Moraes
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada,Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada,Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada,*Correspondence: Christopher Moraes,
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26
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Parmar A, Sharma G, Ramming A, Singh K. Deep Tissue Characterization with Optical Coherence Elastography: A Comparison of Different Methods. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:8558. [PMID: 36500053 PMCID: PMC9740038 DOI: 10.3390/ma15238558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The measurement of the biomechanical properties of the skin is of great interest since these properties play an important role in the development of several diseases such as skin cancer and systemic sclerosis. In this direction, several diagnostic tools have been developed to analyze the mechanical properties of the skin. Optical coherence elastography (OCE) is one of the emerging imaging techniques used for the characterization of the mechanical properties of the tissue quantitatively. In systemic sclerosis patients, the measurement of the mechanical properties of the deeper skin layers is desirable compared to the superficial layers. There are several variants of OCE that exist, but it is still not clear which method is more suitable for the measurement of the mechanical properties of the deeper tissue. In this work, we tested three common methods, the pulsed excitation method, the continuous wave excitation method, and the resonant frequency method, for the measurement of the mechanical properties of the deeper layers in the tissue. We found out that the pulsed wave excitation method provides the most reliable measurements in the shortest possible time compared to the other two methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asha Parmar
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gargi Sharma
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Ramming
- Department of Medicine 3, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kanwarpal Singh
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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27
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Gong P, Chin SL, Allen WM, Ballal H, Anstie JD, Chin L, Ismail HM, Zilkens R, Lakhiani DD, McCarthy M, Fang Q, Firth D, Newman K, Thomas C, Li J, Sanderson RW, Foo KY, Yeomans C, Dessauvagie BF, Latham B, Saunders CM, Kennedy BF. Quantitative Micro-Elastography Enables In Vivo Detection of Residual Cancer in the Surgical Cavity during Breast-Conserving Surgery. Cancer Res 2022; 82:4093-4104. [PMID: 36098983 PMCID: PMC9627129 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-0578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Breast-conserving surgery (BCS) is commonly used for the treatment of early-stage breast cancer. Following BCS, approximately 20% to 30% of patients require reexcision because postoperative histopathology identifies cancer in the surgical margins of the excised specimen. Quantitative micro-elastography (QME) is an imaging technique that maps microscale tissue stiffness and has demonstrated a high diagnostic accuracy (96%) in detecting cancer in specimens excised during surgery. However, current QME methods, in common with most proposed intraoperative solutions, cannot image cancer directly in the patient, making their translation to clinical use challenging. In this proof-of-concept study, we aimed to determine whether a handheld QME probe, designed to interrogate the surgical cavity, can detect residual cancer directly in the breast cavity in vivo during BCS. In a first-in-human study, 21 BCS patients were scanned in vivo with the QME probe by five surgeons. For validation, protocols were developed to coregister in vivo QME with postoperative histopathology of the resected tissue to assess the capability of QME to identify residual cancer. In four cavity aspects presenting cancer and 21 cavity aspects presenting benign tissue, QME detected elevated stiffness in all four cancer cases, in contrast to low stiffness observed in 19 of the 21 benign cases. The results indicate that in vivo QME can identify residual cancer by directly imaging the surgical cavity, potentially providing a reliable intraoperative solution that can enable more complete cancer excision during BCS. SIGNIFICANCE Optical imaging of microscale tissue stiffness enables the detection of residual breast cancer directly in the surgical cavity during breast-conserving surgery, which could potentially contribute to more complete cancer excision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peijun Gong
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Corresponding Author: Peijun Gong, BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth 6009, Australia. Phone: 61-8-6488-6774; E-mail:
| | - Synn Lynn Chin
- Breast Centre, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Wes M. Allen
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Helen Ballal
- Breast Centre, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - James D. Anstie
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Lixin Chin
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Hina M. Ismail
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Renate Zilkens
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Division of Surgery, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Devina D. Lakhiani
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Qi Fang
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Daniel Firth
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kyle Newman
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Caleb Thomas
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jiayue Li
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rowan W. Sanderson
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ken Y. Foo
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Chris Yeomans
- PathWest, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Benjamin F. Dessauvagie
- PathWest, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia.,Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Bruce Latham
- PathWest, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia.,The University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Christobel M. Saunders
- Breast Centre, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia.,Division of Surgery, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Breast Clinic, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Brendan F. Kennedy
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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28
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Lloyd EM, Hepburn MS, Li J, Mowla A, Hwang Y, Choi YS, Grounds MD, Kennedy BF. Three-dimensional mechanical characterization of murine skeletal muscle using quantitative micro-elastography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 13:5879-5899. [PMID: 36733728 PMCID: PMC9872891 DOI: 10.1364/boe.471062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle function is governed by both the mechanical and structural properties of its constituent tissues, which are both modified by disease. Characterizing the mechanical properties of skeletal muscle tissue at an intermediate scale, i.e., between that of cells and organs, can provide insight into diseases such as muscular dystrophies. In this study, we use quantitative micro-elastography (QME) to characterize the micro-scale elasticity of ex vivo murine skeletal muscle in three-dimensions in whole muscles. To address the challenge of achieving high QME image quality with samples featuring uneven surfaces and geometry, we encapsulate the muscles in transparent hydrogels with flat surfaces. Using this method, we study aging and disease in quadriceps tissue by comparing normal wild-type (C57BL/6J) mice with dysferlin-deficient BLAJ mice, a model for the muscular dystrophy dysferlinopathy, at 3, 10, and 24 months of age (sample size of three per group). We observe a 77% decrease in elasticity at 24 months in dysferlin-deficient quadriceps compared to wild-type quadriceps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin M. Lloyd
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Matt S. Hepburn
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, 6009, Australia and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, 35, Stirling Highway, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Jiayue Li
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, 6009, Australia and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, 35, Stirling Highway, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Australia
| | - Alireza Mowla
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, 6009, Australia and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, 35, Stirling Highway, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Yongsung Hwang
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do, 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Suk Choi
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Miranda D. Grounds
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Brendan F. Kennedy
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, 6009, Australia and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, 35, Stirling Highway, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Australia
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29
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Mowla A, Belford R, Köhn-Gaone J, Main N, Tirnitz-Parker JEE, Yeoh GC, Kennedy BF. Biomechanical assessment of chronic liver injury using quantitative micro-elastography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 13:5050-5066. [PMID: 36187256 PMCID: PMC9484444 DOI: 10.1364/boe.467684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide, causing almost 700,000 deaths annually. It mainly arises from cirrhosis, which, in turn, results from chronic injury to liver cells and corresponding fibrotic changes. Although it is known that chronic liver injury increases the elasticity of liver tissue, the role of increased elasticity of the microenvironment as a possible hepatocarcinogen is yet to be investigated. One reason for this is the paucity of imaging techniques capable of mapping the micro-scale elasticity variation in liver and correlating that with cancerous mechanisms on the cellular scale. The clinical techniques of ultrasound elastography and magnetic resonance elastography typically do not provide micro-scale resolution, while atomic force microscopy can only assess the elasticity of a limited number of cells. We propose quantitative micro-elastography (QME) for mapping the micro-scale elasticity of liver tissue into images known as micro-elastograms, and therefore, as a technique capable of correlating the micro-environment elasticity of tissue with cellular scale cancerous mechanisms in liver. We performed QME on 13 freshly excised healthy and diseased mouse livers and present micro-elastograms, together with co-registered histology, in four representative cases. Our results indicate a significant increase in the mean (×6.3) and standard deviation (×6.0) of elasticity caused by chronic liver injury and demonstrate that the onset and progression of pathological features such as fibrosis, hepatocyte damage, and immune cell infiltration correlate with localized variations in micro-elastograms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Mowla
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Rose Belford
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Julia Köhn-Gaone
- Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Nathan Main
- Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Janina E. E. Tirnitz-Parker
- Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
- Centre for Medical Research, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - George C. Yeoh
- Centre for Medical Research, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Brendan F. Kennedy
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Australia
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30
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Li Z, Poon W, Ye Z, Qi F, Park BH, Yin Y. Magnetic Field-Modulated Plasmonic Scattering of Hybrid Nanorods for FFT-Weighted OCT Imaging in NIR-II. ACS NANO 2022; 16:12738-12746. [PMID: 35925674 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c04590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We report a method for fast Fourier transform (FFT)-weighted optical coherence tomography (OCT) in the second biological tissue transparency window by actively modulating the plasmonic scattering of Fe3O4@Au hybrid nanorods using magnetic fields. Instead of tracking the nanoparticles' lateral displacement in conventional magnetomotive OCT imaging, we monitor the nanorod rotation and optical signal changes under an alternating magnetic field in real time. The coherent rotation of the nanorods with the field produces periodic OCT signals, and the FFT is then used to convert the periodic OCT signals in the time domain to a single peak in the frequency domain. This allows automatic screening of nanorod signals from the random biological noises and reconstruction of FFT-weighted images using a computer program based on a time-sequence image set. Compared with conventional magnetomotive OCT, the FFT-weighted imaging technique creates enhanced OCT images with dB-scale contrast over an order of magnitude higher than the original images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Wesley Poon
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Zuyang Ye
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Fenglian Qi
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - B Hyle Park
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Yadong Yin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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31
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Song E, Huang Y, Huang N, Mei Y, Yu X, Rogers JA. Recent advances in microsystem approaches for mechanical characterization of soft biological tissues. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2022; 8:77. [PMID: 35812806 PMCID: PMC9262960 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-022-00412-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Microsystem technologies for evaluating the mechanical properties of soft biological tissues offer various capabilities relevant to medical research and clinical diagnosis of pathophysiologic conditions. Recent progress includes (1) the development of tissue-compliant designs that provide minimally invasive interfaces to soft, dynamic biological surfaces and (2) improvements in options for assessments of elastic moduli at spatial scales from cellular resolution to macroscopic areas and across depths from superficial levels to deep geometries. This review summarizes a collection of these technologies, with an emphasis on operational principles, fabrication methods, device designs, integration schemes, and measurement features. The core content begins with a discussion of platforms ranging from penetrating filamentary probes and shape-conformal sheets to stretchable arrays of ultrasonic transducers. Subsequent sections examine different techniques based on planar microelectromechanical system (MEMS) approaches for biocompatible interfaces to targets that span scales from individual cells to organs. One highlighted example includes miniature electromechanical devices that allow depth profiling of soft tissue biomechanics across a wide range of thicknesses. The clinical utility of these technologies is in monitoring changes in tissue properties and in targeting/identifying diseased tissues with distinct variations in modulus. The results suggest future opportunities in engineered systems for biomechanical sensing, spanning a broad scope of applications with relevance to many aspects of health care and biology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enming Song
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception, Institute of Optoelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433 China
- International Institute of Intelligent Nanorobots and Nanosystems, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Ya Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077 China
| | - Ningge Huang
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Yongfeng Mei
- International Institute of Intelligent Nanorobots and Nanosystems, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433 China
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Xinge Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077 China
| | - John A. Rogers
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Neurological Surgery, Chemistry, Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208 USA
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32
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Mowla A, Li J, Hepburn MS, Maher S, Chin L, Yeoh GC, Choi YS, Kennedy BF. Subcellular mechano-microscopy: high resolution three-dimensional elasticity mapping using optical coherence microscopy. OPTICS LETTERS 2022; 47:3303-3306. [PMID: 35776611 DOI: 10.1364/ol.451681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The importance of cellular-scale mechanical properties is well-established, yet it is challenging to map subcellular elasticity in three dimensions. We present subcellular mechano-microscopy, an optical coherence microscopy (OCM)-based variant of three-dimensional (3-D) compression optical coherence elastography (OCE) that provides an elasticity system resolution of 5 × 5 × 5 µm: a 7-fold improvement in system resolution over previous OCE studies of cells. The improved resolution is achieved through a ∼5-fold improvement in optical resolution, refinement of the strain estimation algorithm, and demonstration that mechanical deformation of subcellular features provides feature resolution far greater than that demonstrated previously on larger features with diameter >250 µm. We use mechano-microscopy to image adipose-derived stem cells encapsulated in gelatin methacryloyl. We compare our results with compression OCE and demonstrate that mechano-microscopy can provide contrast from subcellular features not visible using OCE.
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33
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Gubarkova EV, Sovetsky AA, Matveev LA, Matveyev AL, Vorontsov DA, Plekhanov AA, Kuznetsov SS, Gamayunov SV, Vorontsov AY, Sirotkina MA, Gladkova ND, Zaitsev VY. Nonlinear Elasticity Assessment with Optical Coherence Elastography for High-Selectivity Differentiation of Breast Cancer Tissues. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:3308. [PMID: 35591642 PMCID: PMC9099511 DOI: 10.3390/ma15093308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Soft biological tissues, breast cancer tissues in particular, often manifest pronounced nonlinear elasticity, i.e., strong dependence of their Young’s modulus on the applied stress. We showed that compression optical coherence elastography (C-OCE) is a promising tool enabling the evaluation of nonlinear properties in addition to the conventionally discussed Young’s modulus in order to improve diagnostic accuracy of elastographic examination of tumorous tissues. The aim of this study was to reveal and quantify variations in stiffness for various breast tissue components depending on the applied pressure. We discussed nonlinear elastic properties of different breast cancer samples excised from 50 patients during breast-conserving surgery. Significant differences were found among various subtypes of tumorous and nontumorous breast tissues in terms of the initial Young’s modulus (estimated for stress < 1 kPa) and the nonlinearity parameter determining the rate of stiffness increase with increasing stress. However, Young’s modulus alone or the nonlinearity parameter alone may be insufficient to differentiate some malignant breast tissue subtypes from benign. For instance, benign fibrous stroma and fibrous stroma with isolated individual cancer cells or small agglomerates of cancer cells do not yet exhibit significant difference in the Young’s modulus. Nevertheless, they can be clearly singled out by their nonlinearity parameter, which is the main novelty of the proposed OCE-based discrimination of various breast tissue subtypes. This ability of OCE is very important for finding a clean resection boundary. Overall, morphological segmentation of OCE images accounting for both linear and nonlinear elastic parameters strongly enhances the correspondence with the histological slices and radically improves the diagnostic possibilities of C-OCE for a reliable clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina V. Gubarkova
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (A.A.P.); (M.A.S.); (N.D.G.)
| | - Aleksander A. Sovetsky
- Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 46 Ulyanova St., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (A.A.S.); (L.A.M.); (A.L.M.); (V.Y.Z.)
| | - Lev A. Matveev
- Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 46 Ulyanova St., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (A.A.S.); (L.A.M.); (A.L.M.); (V.Y.Z.)
| | - Aleksander L. Matveyev
- Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 46 Ulyanova St., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (A.A.S.); (L.A.M.); (A.L.M.); (V.Y.Z.)
| | - Dmitry A. Vorontsov
- Nizhny Novgorod Regional Oncologic Hospital, 11/1 Delovaya St., 603126 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (D.A.V.); (S.S.K.); (S.V.G.); (A.Y.V.)
| | - Anton A. Plekhanov
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (A.A.P.); (M.A.S.); (N.D.G.)
| | - Sergey S. Kuznetsov
- Nizhny Novgorod Regional Oncologic Hospital, 11/1 Delovaya St., 603126 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (D.A.V.); (S.S.K.); (S.V.G.); (A.Y.V.)
- Department of Pathology, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Sergey V. Gamayunov
- Nizhny Novgorod Regional Oncologic Hospital, 11/1 Delovaya St., 603126 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (D.A.V.); (S.S.K.); (S.V.G.); (A.Y.V.)
| | - Alexey Y. Vorontsov
- Nizhny Novgorod Regional Oncologic Hospital, 11/1 Delovaya St., 603126 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (D.A.V.); (S.S.K.); (S.V.G.); (A.Y.V.)
| | - Marina A. Sirotkina
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (A.A.P.); (M.A.S.); (N.D.G.)
| | - Natalia D. Gladkova
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (A.A.P.); (M.A.S.); (N.D.G.)
| | - Vladimir Y. Zaitsev
- Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 46 Ulyanova St., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (A.A.S.); (L.A.M.); (A.L.M.); (V.Y.Z.)
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34
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Li W, Feng J, Wang Y, Shi Q, Ma G, Aglyamov S, Larin KV, Lan G, Twa M. Micron-scale hysteresis measurement using dynamic optical coherence elastography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 13:3021-3041. [PMID: 35774312 PMCID: PMC9203113 DOI: 10.1364/boe.457617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel optical coherence elastography (OCE) method to characterize mechanical hysteresis of soft tissues based on transient (milliseconds), low-pressure (<20 Pa) non-contact microliter air-pulse stimulation and micrometer-scale sample displacements. The energy dissipation rate (sample hysteresis) was quantified for soft-tissue phantoms (0.8% to 2.0% agar) and beef shank samples under different loading forces and displacement amplitudes. Sample hysteresis was defined as the loss ratio (hysteresis loop area divided by the total loading energy). The loss ratio was primarily driven by the sample unloading response which decreased as loading energy increased. Samples were distinguishable based on their loss ratio responses as a function loading energy or displacement amplitude. Finite element analysis and mechanical testing methods were used to validate these observations. We further performed the OCE measurements on a beef shank tissue sample to distinguish the muscle and connective tissue components based on the displacement and hysteresis features. This novel, noninvasive OCE approach has the potential to differentiate soft tissues by quantifying their viscoelasticity using micron-scale transient tissue displacement dynamics. Focal tissue hysteresis measurements could provide additional clinically useful metrics for guiding disease diagnosis and tissue treatment responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Li
- Foshan University, School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China
- Contributed equally
| | - Jinping Feng
- Hubei University of Science and Technology, Institute of Engineering and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, 437100, China
- Contributed equally
| | - Yicheng Wang
- Foshan University, School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China
| | - Qun Shi
- Foshan University, School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China
| | - Guoqin Ma
- Foshan University, School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China
| | - Salavat Aglyamov
- University of Houston, Mechanical Engineering, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Kirill V Larin
- University of Houston, Biomedical Engineering, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Gongpu Lan
- Foshan University, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
- Innovation and Entrepreneurship Team of Guangdong Pearl River Talents Program, Weiren Meditech Co., Ltd., Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China
| | - Michael Twa
- University of Houston, College of Optometry, Houston, TX 77204, USA
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35
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Yang L, Park J, Chaney EJ, Sorrells JE, Marjanovic M, Phillips H, Spillman DR, Boppart SA. Label-free multimodal nonlinear optical imaging of needle biopsy cores for intraoperative cancer diagnosis. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2022; 27:JBO-220031GR. [PMID: 35643823 PMCID: PMC9142840 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.27.5.056504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Needle biopsy (NB) procedures are important for the initial diagnosis of many types of cancer. However, the possibility of NB specimens being unable to provide diagnostic information, (i.e., non-diagnostic sampling) and the time-consuming histological evaluation process can cause delays in diagnoses that affect patient care. AIM We aim to demonstrate the advantages of this label-free multimodal nonlinear optical imaging (NLOI) technique as a non-destructive point-of-procedure evaluation method for NB tissue cores, for the visualization and characterization of the tissue microenvironment. APPROACH A portable, label-free, multimodal NLOI system combined second-harmonic generation (SHG) and third-harmonic generation and two- and three-photon autofluorescence (2PF, 3PF) microscopy. It was used for intraoperative imaging of fresh NB tissue cores acquired during canine cancer surgeries, which involved liver, lung, and mammary tumors as well as soft-tissue sarcoma; in total, eight canine patients were recruited. An added tissue culture chamber enabled the use of this NLOI system for longitudinal imaging of fresh NB tissue cores taken from an induced rat mammary tumor and healthy mouse livers. RESULTS The intraoperative NLOI system was used to assess fresh canine NB specimens during veterinary cancer surgeries. Histology-like morphological features were visualized by the combination of four NLOI modalities at the point-of-procedure. The NLOI results provided quantitative information on the tissue microenvironment such as the collagen fiber orientation using Fourier-domain SHG analysis and metabolic profiling by optical redox ratio (ORR) defined by 2PF/(2PF + 3PF). The analyses showed that the canine mammary tumor had more randomly oriented collagen fibers compared to the tumor margin, and hepatocarcinoma had a wider distribution of ORR with a lower mean value compared to the liver fibrosis and the normal-appearing liver. Moreover, the loss of metabolic information during tissue degradation of fresh murine NB specimens was shown by overall intensity decreases in all channels and an increase of mean ORR from 0.94 (standard deviation 0.099) to 0.97 (standard deviation 0.077) during 1-h longitudinal imaging of a rat mammary tumor NB specimen. The tissue response to staurosporine (STS), an apoptotic inducer, from fresh murine liver NB specimens was also observed. The mean ORR decreased from 0.86 to 0.74 in the first 40 min and then increased to 0.8 during the rest of the hour of imaging, compared to the imaging results without the addition of STS, which showed a continuous increase of ORR from 0.72 to 0.75. CONCLUSIONS A label-free, multimodal NLOI platform reveals microstructural and metabolic information of the fresh NB cores during intraoperative cancer imaging. This system has been demonstrated on animal models to show its potential to provide a more comprehensive histological assessment and a better understanding of the unperturbed tumor microenvironment. Considering tissue degradation, or loss of viability upon fixation, this intraoperative NLOI system has the advantage of immediate assessment of freshly excised tissue specimens at the point of procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiao Yang
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Urbana, Illinois, United States
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois, United States
| | - Jaena Park
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois, United States
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Bioengineering, Urbana, Illinois, United States
| | - Eric J. Chaney
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois, United States
| | - Janet E. Sorrells
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois, United States
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Bioengineering, Urbana, Illinois, United States
| | - Marina Marjanovic
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois, United States
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Bioengineering, Urbana, Illinois, United States
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Carle Illinois College of Medicine, Champaign, Illinois, United States
| | - Heidi Phillips
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, College of Veterinary Medicine, Urbana, Illinois, United States
| | - Darold R. Spillman
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois, United States
| | - Stephen A. Boppart
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Urbana, Illinois, United States
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois, United States
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Bioengineering, Urbana, Illinois, United States
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Carle Illinois College of Medicine, Champaign, Illinois, United States
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Cancer Center at Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, United States
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36
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Gubarkova EV, Sovetsky AA, Vorontsov DA, Buday PA, Sirotkina MA, Plekhanov AA, Kuznetsov SS, Matveyev AL, Matveev LA, Gamayunov SV, Vorontsov AY, Zaitsev VY, Gladkova ND. Compression optical coherence elastography versus strain ultrasound elastography for breast cancer detection and differentiation: pilot study. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 13:2859-2881. [PMID: 35774307 PMCID: PMC9203088 DOI: 10.1364/boe.451059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The aims of this study are (i) to compare ultrasound strain elastography (US-SE) and compression optical coherence elastography (C-OCE) in characterization of elastically linear phantoms, (ii) to evaluate factors that can cause discrepancy between the results of the two elastographic techniques in application to real tissues, and (iii) to compare the results of US-SE and C-OCE in the differentiation of benign and malignant breast lesions. On 22 patients, we first used standard US-SE for in vivo assessment of breast cancer before and then after the lesion excision C-OCE was applied for intraoperative visualization of margins of the tumors and assessment of their type/grade using fresh lumpectomy specimens. For verification, the tumor grades and subtypes were determined histologically. We show that in comparison to US-SE, quantitative C-OCE has novel capabilities due to its ability to locally control stress applied to the tissue and obtain local stress-strain curves. For US-SE, we demonstrate examples of malignant tumors that were erroneously classified as benign and vice versa. For C-OCE, all lesions are correctly classified in agreement with the histology. The revealed discrepancies between the strain ratio given by US-SE and ratio of tangent Young's moduli obtained for the same samples by C-OCE are explained. Overall, C-OCE enables significantly improved specificity in breast lesion differentiation and ability to precisely visualize margins of malignant tumors compared. Such results confirm high potential of C-OCE as a high-speed and accurate method for intraoperative assessment of breast tumors and detection of their margins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Pavel A. Buday
- Nizhny Novgorod Regional Oncologic Hospital, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | - Lev A. Matveev
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | | | | | - Vladimir Y. Zaitsev
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Equally contributed
| | - Natalia D. Gladkova
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Equally contributed
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37
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Nair A, Singh M, Aglyamov SR, Larin KV. Multimodal Heartbeat and Compression Optical Coherence Elastography for Mapping Corneal Biomechanics. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:833597. [PMID: 35479957 PMCID: PMC9037093 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.833597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The biomechanical properties of the cornea have a profound influence on the health, structural integrity, and function of the eye. Understanding these properties may be critical for diagnosis and identifying disease pathogenesis. This work demonstrates how two different elastography techniques can be combined for a multimodal approach to measuring corneal biomechanical properties. Heartbeat optical coherence elastography (Hb-OCE) and compression OCE were performed simultaneously to measure the stiffness of the cornea in an in vivo rabbit model. Measurements were further performed after collagen crosslinking to demonstrate how the combined technique can be used to measure changes in corneal stiffness and map mechanical contrast. The results of this work further suggest that measurements from Hb-OCE and compression OCE are comparable, meaning that Hb-OCE and compression OCE may be used interchangeably despite distinct differences in both techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achuth Nair
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston TX, United States
| | - Manmohan Singh
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston TX, United States
| | | | - Kirill V. Larin
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston TX, United States
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
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38
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Li J, Pijewska E, Fang Q, Szkulmowski M, Kennedy BF. Analysis of strain estimation methods in phase-sensitive compression optical coherence elastography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 13:2224-2246. [PMID: 35519281 PMCID: PMC9045929 DOI: 10.1364/boe.447340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In compression optical coherence elastography (OCE), deformation is quantified as the local strain at each pixel in the OCT field-of-view. A range of strain estimation methods have been demonstrated, yet it is unclear which method provides the best performance. Here, we analyze the two most prevalent strain estimation methods used in phase-sensitive compression OCE, i.e., weighted least squares (WLS) and the vector method. We introduce a framework to compare strain imaging metrics, incorporating strain sensitivity, strain signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), strain resolution, and strain accuracy. In addition, we propose a new phase unwrapping algorithm in OCE, fast phase unwrapping (FPU), and combine it with WLS, termed WLSFPU. Using the framework, we compare this new strain estimation method with both a current implementation of WLS that incorporates weighted phase unwrapping (WPU), termed WLSWPU, and the vector method. Our analysis reveals that the three methods provide similar strain sensitivity, strain SNR, and strain resolution, but that WLSFPU extends the dynamic range of accurate, measurable local strain, e.g., measuring a strain of 2.5 mɛ with ∼4% error, that is ×11 and ×15 smaller than the error measured using WLSWPU and the vector method, respectively. We also demonstrate, for the first time, the capability to detect sub-resolution contrast in compression OCE, i.e., changes in strain occurring within the strain axial resolution, and how this contrast varies between the different strain estimation methods. Lastly, we compare the performance of the three strain estimation methods on mouse skeletal muscle and human breast tissue and demonstrate that WLSFPU avoids strain imaging artifacts resulting from phase unwrapping errors in WLSWPU and provides improved contrast over the other two methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayue Li
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Personalized Therapeutics Technologies, Australia
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Ewelina Pijewska
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Grudziądzka 5, 87-100 Torun, Poland
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Qi Fang
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Australia
| | - Maciej Szkulmowski
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Grudziądzka 5, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Brendan F. Kennedy
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Personalized Therapeutics Technologies, Australia
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39
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Bhunia S, O'Brien S, Ling Y, Huang Z, Wu P, Yang Y. New approaches suggest term and preterm human fetal membranes may have distinct biomechanical properties. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5109. [PMID: 35332209 PMCID: PMC8948223 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09005-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Preterm prelabour rupture of membranes is the leading cause of preterm birth and its associated infant mortality and morbidity. However, its underlying mechanism remains unknown. We utilized two novel biomechanical assessment techniques, ball indentation and Optical Coherence Elastography (OCE), to compare the mechanical properties and behaviours of term (≥ 37 weeks) and preterm (33-36 weeks) human fetal membranes from ruptured and non-ruptured regions. We defined the expression levels of collagen, sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9, MMP-13), fibronectin, and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) within membranes by biochemical analysis, immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting, both with and without simulated fetal movement forces on membrane rupture with a new loading system. Preterm membranes showed greater heterogeneity in mechanical properties/behaviours between ruptured and non-ruptured regions compared with their term counterparts (displacement rate: 36% vs. 15%; modulus: 125% vs. 34%; thickness: 93% vs. 30%; collagen content: 98% vs. 29%; sGAG: 85% vs 25%). Furthermore, simulated fetal movement forces triggered higher MMP-9, MMP-13 and IL-1β expression in preterm than term membranes, while nifedipine attenuated the observed increases in expression. In conclusion, the distinct biomechanical profiles of term and preterm membranes and the abnormal biochemical expression and activation by external forces in preterm membranes may provide insights into mechanisms of preterm rupture of membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudeshna Bhunia
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, ST4 7QB, UK
| | - Shaughn O'Brien
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, ST4 7QB, UK.,Academic Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of North Midlands, Stoke-on-Trent, ST4 6QG, UK
| | - Yuting Ling
- School of Science and Engineering, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 4HN, UK
| | - Zhihong Huang
- School of Science and Engineering, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 4HN, UK
| | - Pensée Wu
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, ST4 7QB, UK. .,Academic Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of North Midlands, Stoke-on-Trent, ST4 6QG, UK. .,School of Medicine, Keele University, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK.
| | - Ying Yang
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, ST4 7QB, UK.
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40
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Singh M, Zvietcovich F, Larin KV. Introduction to optical coherence elastography: tutorial. JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA. A, OPTICS, IMAGE SCIENCE, AND VISION 2022; 39:418-430. [PMID: 35297425 PMCID: PMC10052825 DOI: 10.1364/josaa.444808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Optical coherence elastography (OCE) has seen rapid growth since its introduction in 1998. The past few decades have seen tremendous advancements in the development of OCE technology and a wide range of applications, including the first clinical applications. This tutorial introduces the basics of solid mechanics, which form the foundation of all elastography methods. We then describe how OCE measurements of tissue motion can be used to quantify tissue biomechanical parameters. We also detail various types of excitation methods, imaging systems, acquisition schemes, and data processing algorithms and how various parameters associated with each step of OCE imaging can affect the final quantitation of biomechanical properties. Finally, we discuss the future of OCE, its potential, and the next steps required for OCE to become an established medical imaging technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manmohan Singh
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - Fernando Zvietcovich
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
- Department of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru, San Miguel, Lima 15088, Peru
| | - Kirill V. Larin
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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41
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Sun MG, Son T, Crutison J, Guaiquil V, Lin S, Nammari L, Klatt D, Yao X, Rosenblatt MI, Royston TJ. Optical coherence elastography for assessing the influence of intraocular pressure on elastic wave dispersion in the cornea. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2022; 128:105100. [PMID: 35121423 PMCID: PMC8904295 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The cornea is a highly specialized organ that relies on its mechanical stiffness to maintain its aspheric geometry and refractive power, and corneal diseases such as keratoconus have been linked to abnormal tissue stiffness and biomechanics. Dynamic optical coherence elastography (OCE) is a clinically promising non-contact and non-destructive imaging technique that can provide measurements of corneal tissue stiffness directly in vivo. The method relies on the concepts of elastography where shear waves are generated and imaged within a tissue to obtain mechanical properties such as tissue stiffness. The accuracy of OCE-based measurements is ultimately dependent on the mathematical theories used to model wave behavior in the tissue of interest. In the cornea, elastic waves propagate as guided wave modes which are highly dispersive and can be mathematically complex to model. While recent groups have developed detailed theories for estimating corneal tissue properties from guided wave behavior, the effects of intraocular pressure (IOP)-induced prestress have not yet been considered. It is known that prestress alone can strongly influence wave behavior, in addition to the associated non-linear changes in tissue properties. This present study shows that failure to account for the effects of prestress may result in overestimations of the corneal shear moduli, particularly at high IOPs. We first examined the potential effects of IOP and IOP-induced prestress using a combination of approximate mathematical theories describing wave behavior in thin plates with observations made from data published in the OCE literature. Through wave dispersion analysis, we deduce that IOP introduces a tensile hoop stress and may also influence an elastic foundational effect that were observable in the low-frequency components of the dispersion curves. These effects were incorporated into recently developed models of wave behavior in nearly incompressible, transversely isotropic (NITI) materials. Fitting of the modified NITI model with ex vivo porcine corneal data demonstrated that incorporation of the effects of IOP resulted in reduced estimates of corneal shear moduli. We believe this demonstrates that overestimation of corneal stiffness occurs if IOP is not taken into consideration. Our work may be helpful in separating inherent corneal stiffness properties that are independent of IOP; changes in these properties and in IOP are distinct, clinically relevant issues that affect the cornea health.
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42
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Bouma B, de Boer J, Huang D, Jang I, Yonetsu T, Leggett C, Leitgeb R, Sampson D, Suter M, Vakoc B, Villiger M, Wojtkowski M. Optical coherence tomography. NATURE REVIEWS. METHODS PRIMERS 2022; 2:79. [PMID: 36751306 PMCID: PMC9901537 DOI: 10.1038/s43586-022-00162-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-contact method for imaging the topological and internal microstructure of samples in three dimensions. OCT can be configured as a conventional microscope, as an ophthalmic scanner, or using endoscopes and small diameter catheters for accessing internal biological organs. In this Primer, we describe the principles underpinning the different instrument configurations that are tailored to distinct imaging applications and explain the origin of signal, based on light scattering and propagation. Although OCT has been used for imaging inanimate objects, we focus our discussion on biological and medical imaging. We examine the signal processing methods and algorithms that make OCT exquisitely sensitive to reflections as weak as just a few photons and that reveal functional information in addition to structure. Image processing, display and interpretation, which are all critical for effective biomedical imaging, are discussed in the context of specific applications. Finally, we consider image artifacts and limitations that commonly arise and reflect on future advances and opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- B.E. Bouma
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Institute for Medical Engineering and Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Corresponding author:
| | - J.F. de Boer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - D. Huang
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - I.K. Jang
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - T. Yonetsu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - C.L. Leggett
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - R. Leitgeb
- Institute of Medical Physics, University of Vienna, Wien, Austria
| | - D.D. Sampson
- School of Physics and School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - M. Suter
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - B. Vakoc
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M. Villiger
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M. Wojtkowski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and International Center for Translational Eye Research, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland,Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
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43
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Kamezawa C, Cramer A, Krull W, Yashiro W, Hyodo K, Gupta R. Dynamic X-ray elastography using a pulsed photocathode source. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24128. [PMID: 34916531 PMCID: PMC8677743 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03221-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
X-ray absorption of breast cancers and surrounding healthy tissue can be very similar, a situation that sometimes leads to missed cancers or false-positive diagnoses. To increase the accuracy of mammography and breast tomosynthesis, we describe dynamic X-ray elastography using a novel pulsed X-ray source. This new imaging modality provides both absorption and mechanical properties of the imaged material. We use a small acoustic speaker to vibrate the sample while a synchronously pulsed cold cathode X-ray source images the mechanical deformation. Using these stroboscopic images, we derive two-dimensional stiffness maps of the sample in addition to the conventional X-ray image. In a breast phantom composed of ZrO2 powder embedded in gel, dynamic elastography derived stiffness maps were able to discriminate a hard inclusion from surrounding material with a contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of 4.5. The CNR on the corresponding absorption image was 1.1. This demonstrates the feasibility of dynamic X-ray elastography with a synchronously pulsed X-ray source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chika Kamezawa
- Department of Materials Structure Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Avilash Cramer
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, 02139, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, 20115, USA
| | | | - Wataru Yashiro
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Hyodo
- Department of Materials Structure Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan
| | - Rajiv Gupta
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, 20115, USA.
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, 02114, USA.
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44
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Goelzer M, Goelzer J, Ferguson ML, Neu CP, Uzer G. Nuclear envelope mechanobiology: linking the nuclear structure and function. Nucleus 2021; 12:90-114. [PMID: 34455929 PMCID: PMC8432354 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2021.1962610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The nucleus, central to cellular activity, relies on both direct mechanical input as well as its molecular transducers to sense external stimuli and respond by regulating intra-nuclear chromatin organization that determines cell function and fate. In mesenchymal stem cells of musculoskeletal tissues, changes in nuclear structures are emerging as a key modulator of their differentiation and proliferation programs. In this review we will first introduce the structural elements of the nucleoskeleton and discuss the current literature on how nuclear structure and signaling are altered in relation to environmental and tissue level mechanical cues. We will focus on state-of-the-art techniques to apply mechanical force and methods to measure nuclear mechanics in conjunction with DNA, RNA, and protein visualization in living cells. Ultimately, combining real-time nuclear deformations and chromatin dynamics can be a powerful tool to study mechanisms of how forces affect the dynamics of genome function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Goelzer
- Materials Science and Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, ID, US
| | | | - Matthew L. Ferguson
- Biomolecular Science, Boise State University, Boise, ID, US
- Physics, Boise State University, Boise, ID, US
| | - Corey P. Neu
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, US
| | - Gunes Uzer
- Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, ID, US
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45
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Quince Z, Alonso-Caneiro D, Read SA, Collins MJ. Quantitative compressive optical coherence elastography using structural OCT imaging and optical palpation to measure soft contact lens mechanical properties. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:7315-7326. [PMID: 35003835 PMCID: PMC8713674 DOI: 10.1364/boe.441547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the principle of 'optical palpation' was applied to a compression optical coherence elastography (OCE) method using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). Optical palpation utilizes a compliant transparent material of known mechanical properties, which acts as a stress sensor, in order to derive the mechanical properties of a sample material under examination. This technique was applied to determine the mechanical properties of soft contact lenses, with one lens being used as the compliant stress sensor and the other as the sample under investigation to extract the mechanical properties. This compliant stress sensor allowed for the stress of the compression to be measured without the use of a force sensor. The strain of the materials was measured through an automatic boundary segmentation that tracks the material thickness (of the sensor and the sample) during compression through sequential structural OCT images. A total of five contact lens combinations were tested, using three separate commercially available contact lenses with unique mechanical properties. Various combinations of contact lens materials were used to further validate the technique. The Young's modulus derived from this method was compared to nominal manufacturer's values. Both accuracy and repeatability were assessed, with highly accurate measurements obtained, with a percentage difference between the nominal and experimentally derived Young's modulus being less than 6% for all the tested combinations as well as providing a Young's modulus that was not statistically significant different (p > 0.01) to the nominal value. The results demonstrate the potential of optical palpation in OCE to accurately measure the mechanical properties of a material without the use of sophisticated electronics to capture the stress of the sample. These findings have potential to be translated into a method for tissue mechanical testing with ex vivo and in vivo clinical applications.
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46
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Real-Time Strain and Elasticity Imaging in Phase-Sensitive Optical Coherence Elastography Using a Computationally Efficient Realization of the Vector Method. PHOTONICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/photonics8120527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We present a real-time realization of OCT-based elastographic mapping local strains and distribution of the Young’s modulus in biological tissues, which is in high demand for biomedical usage. The described variant exploits the principle of Compression Optical Coherence Elastography (C-OCE) and uses processing of phase-sensitive OCT signals. The strain is estimated by finding local axial gradients of interframe phase variations. Instead of the popular least-squares method for finding these gradients, we use the vector approach, one of its advantages being increased computational efficiency. Here, we present a modified, especially fast variant of this approach. In contrast to conventional correlation-based methods and previously used phase-resolved methods, the described method does not use any search operations or local calculations over a sliding window. Rather, it obtains local strain maps (and then elasticity maps) using several transformations represented as matrix operations applied to entire complex-valued OCT scans. We first elucidate the difference of the proposed method from the previously used correlational and phase-resolved methods and then describe the proposed method realization in a medical OCT device, in which for real-time processing, a “typical” central processor (e.g., Intel Core i7-8850H) is sufficient. Representative examples of on-flight obtained elastographic images are given. These results open prospects for broad use of affordable OCT devices for high-resolution elastographic vitalization in numerous biomedical applications, including the use in clinic.
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47
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Marmin A, Laloy-Borgna G, Facca S, Gioux S, Catheline S, Nahas A. Time-of-flight and noise-correlation-inspired algorithms for full-field shear-wave elastography using digital holography. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2021; 26:JBO-210039RR. [PMID: 34414704 PMCID: PMC8374320 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.26.8.086006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Quantitative stiffness information can be a powerful aid for tumor or fibrosis diagnosis. Currently, very promising elastography approaches developed for non-contact biomedical imaging are based on transient shear-waves imaging. Transient elastography offers quantitative stiffness information by tracking the propagation of a wave front. The most common method used to compute stiffness from the acquired propagation movie is based on shear-wave time-of-flight calculations. AIM We introduce an approach to transient shear-wave elastography with spatially coherent sources, able to yield full-field quantitative stiffness maps with reduced artifacts compared to typical artifacts observed in time-of-flight. APPROACH A noise-correlation algorithm developed for passive elastography is adapted to spatially coherent narrow or any band sources. This noise-correlation-inspired (NCi) method is employed in parallel with a classic time-of-flight approach. Testing is done on simulation images, experimental validation is conducted with a digital holography setup on controlled homogeneous samples, and full-field quantitative stiffness maps are presented for heterogeneous samples and ex-vivo biological tissues. RESULTS The NCi approach is first validated on simulations images. Stiffness images processed by the NCi approach on simulated inclusions display significantly less artifacts than with a time-of-flight reconstruction. The adaptability of the NCi algorithm to narrow or any band shear-wave sources was tested successfully. Experimental testing on homogeneous samples demonstrates similar values for both the time-of-flight and the NCi approach. Soft inclusions in agarose sample could be resolved using the NCi method and feasibility on ex-vivo biological tissues is presented. CONCLUSIONS The presented NCi approach was successful in computing quantitative full-field stiffness maps with narrow and broadband source signals on simulation and experimental images from a digital holography setup. Results in heterogeneous media show that the NCi approach could provide stiffness maps with less artifacts than with time-of-flight, demonstrating that a NCi algorithm is a promising approach for shear-wave transient elastography with spatially coherent sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agathe Marmin
- The University of Strasbourg, ICUBE Research Institute, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Sybille Facca
- The University of Strasbourg, ICUBE Research Institute, Strasbourg, France
- University Hospital of Strasbourg, FMTS, ICube CNRS 7357, University of Strasbourg, Department of Hand Surgery, SOS hand, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sylvain Gioux
- The University of Strasbourg, ICUBE Research Institute, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Amir Nahas
- The University of Strasbourg, ICUBE Research Institute, Strasbourg, France
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Dey K, Roca E, Ramorino G, Sartore L. Progress in the mechanical modulation of cell functions in tissue engineering. Biomater Sci 2021; 8:7033-7081. [PMID: 33150878 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01255f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In mammals, mechanics at multiple stages-nucleus to cell to ECM-underlie multiple physiological and pathological functions from its development to reproduction to death. Under this inspiration, substantial research has established the role of multiple aspects of mechanics in regulating fundamental cellular processes, including spreading, migration, growth, proliferation, and differentiation. However, our understanding of how these mechanical mechanisms are orchestrated or tuned at different stages to maintain or restore the healthy environment at the tissue or organ level remains largely a mystery. Over the past few decades, research in the mechanical manipulation of the surrounding environment-known as substrate or matrix or scaffold on which, or within which, cells are seeded-has been exceptionally enriched in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. To do so, traditional tissue engineering aims at recapitulating key mechanical milestones of native ECM into a substrate for guiding the cell fate and functions towards specific tissue regeneration. Despite tremendous progress, a big puzzle that remains is how the cells compute a host of mechanical cues, such as stiffness (elasticity), viscoelasticity, plasticity, non-linear elasticity, anisotropy, mechanical forces, and mechanical memory, into many biological functions in a cooperative, controlled, and safe manner. High throughput understanding of key cellular decisions as well as associated mechanosensitive downstream signaling pathway(s) for executing these decisions in response to mechanical cues, solo or combined, is essential to address this issue. While many reports have been made towards the progress and understanding of mechanical cues-particularly, substrate bulk stiffness and viscoelasticity-in regulating the cellular responses, a complete picture of mechanical cues is lacking. This review highlights a comprehensive view on the mechanical cues that are linked to modulate many cellular functions and consequent tissue functionality. For a very basic understanding, a brief discussion of the key mechanical players of ECM and the principle of mechanotransduction process is outlined. In addition, this review gathers together the most important data on the stiffness of various cells and ECM components as well as various tissues/organs and proposes an associated link from the mechanical perspective that is not yet reported. Finally, beyond addressing the challenges involved in tuning the interplaying mechanical cues in an independent manner, emerging advances in designing biomaterials for tissue engineering are also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamol Dey
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Science, University of Chittagong, Bangladesh
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Rippy JR, Singh M, Aglyamov SR, Larin KV. Ultrasound Shear Wave Elastography and Transient Optical Coherence Elastography: Side-by-Side Comparison of Repeatability and Accuracy. IEEE OPEN JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 2:179-186. [PMID: 34179823 PMCID: PMC8224461 DOI: 10.1109/ojemb.2021.3075569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: We compare the repeatability and accuracy of ultrasound shear wave elastography (USE) and transient optical coherence elastography (OCE). Methods: Elastic wave speed in gelatin phantoms and chicken breast was measured with USE and OCE and compared with uniaxial mechanical compression testing. Intra- and Inter-repeatability were analyzed using Bland-Altman plots and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Results: OCE and USE differed from uniaxial testing by a mean absolute percent error of 8.92% and 16.9%, respectively, across eight phantoms of varying stiffness. Upper and lower limits of agreement for intrasample repeatability for USE and OCE were ±0.075 m/s and −0.14 m/s and 0.13 m/s, respectively. OCE and USE both had ICCs of 0.9991. In chicken breast, ICC for USE was 0.9385 and for OCE was 0.9924. Conclusion: OCE and USE can detect small speed changes and give comparable measurements. These measurements correspond well with uniaxial testing.
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Quince Z, Alonso-Caneiro D, Read SA, Collins MJ. Static compression optical coherence elastography to measure the mechanical properties of soft contact lenses. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:1821-1833. [PMID: 33996200 PMCID: PMC8086445 DOI: 10.1364/boe.419344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel method was developed for estimating the elastic modulus (Young's modulus) of soft contact lens materials using static compression optical coherence elastography. Using a commercially available spectral domain optical coherence tomography instrument, an experimental setup was developed to image a soft contact lens sample before and during compression with a known applied force, from which the lens material's mechanical properties can be derived. A semi-automatic segmentation method using graph-search theory and dynamic processing was used to trace the lens boundaries and to determine key structural changes within the images. To validate the method, five soft contact lens materials with a range of known elastic moduli and water contents were tested. The proposed method was successful in estimating the Young's modulus in the five different soft contact lens materials. It was demonstrated that the method provides highly repeatable measurements, with an intraclass correlation coefficient of >95%. The Young's modulus results were compared to published manufacturer data with no significant difference for four out of the five materials (p > 0.05). These results demonstrate that a static compression optical coherence tomography method can reliably measure the elastic modulus of soft contact lenses. This provides a methodology that can be used to explore in vitro contact lens mechanical properties, but more importantly, may also be extended to study the mechanical characteristics of in vivo or ex vivo tissue, provided that they can be imaged using OCT.
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