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Malla MA, Dubey A, Kori RK, Sharma V, Kumar A, Yadav S, Kumari S. GC-MS based untargeted metabolomics reveals the metabolic response of earthworm (Eudrilus eugeniae) after chronic combinatorial exposure to three different pesticides. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8583. [PMID: 37237073 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35225-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study GC-MS-based untargeted metabolomics was used to identify the metabolic response of earthworm; Eudrilus eugeniae exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of chlorpyrifos-CHL, cypermethrin-CYP, Glyphosate-GLY, and Combined-C (all three pesticides) at the concentrations of 3, 6, and 12 mg/kg. Principal component analysis of the obtained datasets revealed a clear distinction between the control and treatment groups. The mean weight of the worms in the treated groups decreased significantly (p < 0.05). Among the identified metabolites, oleic acid (~ 93.47%), lysine (~ 92.20%), glutamic acid (~ 91.81%), leucine (~ 90.20%), asparagine (~ 94.20%), methionine (~ 92.27%), malic acid (~ 93.37%), turanose (~ 95.04%), maltose (~ 92.36%), cholesta-3,5-diene (~ 86.11%), galactose (~ 93.20%), cholesterol (~ 91.56%), tocopherol (~ 85.09%), decreased significantly (p < 0.05), whereas myoinositol (~ 83%) and isoleucine (78.09%) increased significantly (p < 0.05) upon exposure to the CHL, CYP, GLY, and C. Overall, the findings suggest that earthworms might be a new entry point for the pesticides into the food chain. The present study highlights that metabolomics can be a reliable approach to understand the effect of different xenobiotics including pesticides on the metabolic response of earthworms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muneer Ahmad Malla
- Department of Zoology, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar, MP, 470003, India
- Metagenomics and Secretomics Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar, MP, 470003, India
| | - Anamika Dubey
- Metagenomics and Secretomics Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar, MP, 470003, India
| | - Rajeesh Kumar Kori
- IRMS, National Dope Testing Laboratory, Ministry of Youth and Sports, GOI, New Delhi, India
| | - Vandana Sharma
- Quality Control & Quality Assurance Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180 001, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Metagenomics and Secretomics Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar, MP, 470003, India.
- Metagenomics and Secretomics Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad (A Central University), Prayagraj, UP, 211002, India.
| | - Shweta Yadav
- Department of Zoology, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar, MP, 470003, India
| | - Sheena Kumari
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban, 4001, South Africa
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Kenko DBN, Ngameni NT, Awo ME, Njikam NA, Dzemo WD. Does pesticide use in agriculture present a risk to the terrestrial biota? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 861:160715. [PMID: 36495778 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Inadequate pesticide application practices have many implications on human and environmental health. This research aimed at assessing pesticide risks on bees, non-target arthropods (NTAs) and earthworms, using PRIMET (Pesticide Risks in the Tropics to Man, Environment and Trade), a pesticide risk model, in the western highlands agro-ecological zone of Cameroon. For this purpose, information on pesticide usage stratagem (dosage, application interval and number of applications) and ecotoxicological properties (median lethal doses, persistence and no observable effect concentration) were gathered and entered into PRIMET to acquire the Predicted Exposure Concentration (PEC), No Effect Concentration (NEC) and Exposure Toxicity Ratio, ETR = PEC / NEC). The risk assessment revealed that the riskiest pesticides for earthworms were acetamiprid, glyphosate and imidacloprid with ETR values of 2963, 1667 and 419 respectively. For bees, acetamiprid, cypermethrin, emamectin benzoate, imidacloprid, and lambda-cyhalothrin were highly risky, with respective ETR values of 3252, 487, 278, 1383 and 295. The model predicted NTAs to be predominantly defenceless against cypermethrin and imidacloprid, as these compounds exhibited the topmost values of ETR of, 4.3 × 108 and 4.4 × 107, respectively. Other pesticides that were modelled to be highly risky to NTAs comprised chlorothalonil (ETR = 2076), cymoxanil (ETR = 1133), emamectin benzoate (ETR = 1700), lambda-cyhalothrin (ETR = 4900) and metalaxyl (ETR = 2303). Some compounds gave evidence of multi-level risks: imidacloprid exhibited high risk to all the organisms (earthworms, bees and NTAs); acetamiprid was risky to earthworms and bees, while cypermethrin, emamectin benzoate and lambda-cyhalothrin, were modelled to pose a risk to bees and NTAs. Regulating the use of these perilous pesticides should be encouraged in agroecosystems to protect environmental and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Brice Nkontcheu Kenko
- Department of Animal Biology and Conservation, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Cameroon; Biology and Applied Ecology Research Unit, Dschang School of Science and Technology, University of Dschang, Cameroon.
| | - Norbert Tchamadeu Ngameni
- Biology and Applied Ecology Research Unit, Dschang School of Science and Technology, University of Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Miranda Egbe Awo
- Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Cameroon
| | - Nacaire Ahmed Njikam
- Biology and Applied Ecology Research Unit, Dschang School of Science and Technology, University of Dschang, Cameroon
| | - William Diymba Dzemo
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, South Africa
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Gupta P, Mahapatra A, Suman A, Singh RK. In silico and in vivo assessment of developmental toxicity, oxidative stress response & Na +/K +-ATPase activity in zebrafish embryos exposed to cypermethrin. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 251:114547. [PMID: 36680990 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cypermethrin (CYP), a synthetic type II pyrethroid pesticide, is extensively used to control pests in industrial, domestic, and agricultural environments. However, its indiscriminate use leads to a potential threat to aquatic organisms. Although several reports focussed on developmental toxicity effects, a concise study combining cardiotoxicity along with Na+/K+-ATPase activity and molecular docking of developmental proteins with CYP was lacking. This present study was designed to address this gap to comprehend the impact of CYP exposure (0, 25, 100 and 200 µg/L) on embryonic zebrafish. As a result, CYP delayed the hatching rate, reduced heart rate, increased mortality rate and induced numerous morphological abnormalities. Subsequently, CYP induced oxidative stress in treated zebrafish embryos with the concomitant increase in antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT) and malondialdehyde production. In addition, an alteration in AChE, NO content and Na+/K+-ATPase activity was observed, suggesting a disruption in cardiac development and ion regulation. Furthermore, AO staining showed notable apoptotic cells which are supported by alteration in apoptosis-related gene expressions. Moreover, to explore the putative targets of CYP, computational docking with developmental proteins (WNT3A, WNT8A, GATA-4, Nkx 2-5 and ZHE1) showed strong interactions and binding. Taken together, our findings provide a better understanding of assessing the ecotoxicological risk information and the mode of action underlying the development of teleost fishes following CYP exposure. Meanwhile, the pioneering nature of this study is to emphasize the future use of Na+/K+-ATPase activity as a potential toxicity biomarker and in silico molecular docking studies to complement developmental toxicity findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Gupta
- Molecular Endocrinology and Toxicology Laboratory (METLab), Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Archisman Mahapatra
- Molecular Endocrinology and Toxicology Laboratory (METLab), Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Anjali Suman
- Molecular Endocrinology and Toxicology Laboratory (METLab), Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Rahul Kumar Singh
- Molecular Endocrinology and Toxicology Laboratory (METLab), Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
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Wastewater effluent affects behaviour and metabolomic endpoints in damselfly larvae. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6830. [PMID: 35474093 PMCID: PMC9042914 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10805-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Wastewater treatment plant effluents have been identified as a major contributor to increasing anthropogenic pollution in aquatic environments worldwide. Yet, little is known about the potentially adverse effects of wastewater treatment plant effluent on aquatic invertebrates. In this study, we assessed effects of wastewater effluent on the behaviour and metabolic profiles of damselfly larvae (Coenagrion hastulatum), a common aquatic invertebrate species. Four key behavioural traits: activity, boldness, escape response, and foraging (traits all linked tightly to individual fitness) were studied in larvae before and after one week of exposure to a range of effluent dilutions (0, 50, 75, 100%). Effluent exposure reduced activity and foraging, but generated faster escape response. Metabolomic analyses via targeted and non-targeted mass spectrometry methods revealed that exposure caused significant changes to 14 individual compounds (4 amino acids, 3 carnitines, 3 lysolipids, 1 peptide, 2 sugar acids, 1 sugar). Taken together, these compound changes indicate an increase in protein metabolism and oxidative stress. Our findings illustrate that wastewater effluent can affect both behavioural and physiological traits of aquatic invertebrates, and as such might pose an even greater threat to aquatic ecosystems than previously assumed. More long-term studies are now needed evaluate if these changes are linked to adverse effects on fitness. The combination of behavioural and metabolomic assessments provide a promising tool for detecting effects of wastewater effluent, on multiple biological levels of organisation, in aquatic ecosystems.
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Yang X, Gong J, Zhang X, Zhang W, Li D, Lin J, Li X, Chai Y, Liu J. The responses of the growth, cytochrome P450 isoenzymes activities and the metabolomics in earthworms to sublethal doses of dichlorvos in soil. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 207:111547. [PMID: 33254406 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, earthworms (Eisenia fetida) were exposed to sublethal doses of dichlorvos (spiked concentration of 0.1, 1.0, 10 mg/kg) in soil for 14 days, the metabolomics and activities of cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoenzymes (CYP1A2, CYP2C9 and CYP3A4) of earthworms were analyzed aiming to identify sensitive biomarkers and reveal possible mode of toxic action. The results showed that CYP1A2 and CYP2C9 activity appeared to be more sensitive than CYP3A4 activity in response to dichlorvos, and that metabolic responses based on the metabolomics depended on both of the length of exposure and exposure dose. Malate, ornithine, glucose, inosine, myo-inositol and some amino acids (glutamine, tryptophan, phenylalanine, tyrosine, leucine, histidine, glutamate, lysine) and CYP isozenzymes may be biomarkers to reveal the toxic effect of dichlorvos on earthworms. Compared to controls, when dichlorvos dose reached 1.0 and 10 mg/kg on day 14, glucose and ornithine increased significantly, malate and some amino acids (glutamine, tryptophan, phenylalanine, tyrosine, leucine) decreased significantly, and activities of CYP1A2 and CYP2C9 were inhibited significantly. The current results suggested that 1.0 and 10 mg/kg dichlorvos for 14 days of exposure blocked energy metabolism, disordered Krebs cycle, interfered amino acids metabolism and evoked toxic effects on earthworms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Yang
- Institute of Agricultural Quality Standard and Testing Technology, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing 401329, People's Republic of China; Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiuping Gong
- Institute of Agricultural Quality Standard and Testing Technology, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing 401329, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Quality Standard and Testing Technology, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing 401329, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Quality Standard and Testing Technology, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing 401329, People's Republic of China
| | - Dianyan Li
- Institute of Agricultural Quality Standard and Testing Technology, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing 401329, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Lin
- Key Laboratory of Water, Environment, Evolution and Pollution Control in Three Gorges Reservoir, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing 404100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuying Li
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Chai
- Institute of Agricultural Quality Standard and Testing Technology, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing 401329, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfei Liu
- Institute of Agricultural Quality Standard and Testing Technology, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing 401329, People's Republic of China
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Ch R, Chevallier O, Elliott CT. Metabolomics reveal circadian control of cellular metabolism. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.115986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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7
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Ji C, Yu C, Zhu J, Cheng Y, Tian T, Zhou B, Gu J, Fan J, Zhao M. Four cypermethrin isomers induced stereoselective metabolism in H295R cells. Chirality 2020; 32:1107-1118. [PMID: 32573024 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Cypermethrin (CP) is widely used for controlling agricultural and indoor vermin. Previous studies have reported the stereoselective difference of CP in biological activities. However, little is known about their potential mechanisms between metabolic phenotypes and endocrine-disrupting effects. Herein, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics combining metabolite identification and pathway analysis were applied to evaluate the stereoselective metabolic cdisorders induced by CP isomers in human adrenocortical carcinoma cells (H295R) culture medium. Then, gene expression levels related to disturbed metabolic pathways were assessed to verify according to metabolic phenotypes. Metabolomics profiles showed that [(S)-cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl](1R,3R)-3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate [(1R,3R,αS)-CP] induced the most significant changes in metabolic phenotypes than did the other stereoisomers. There are 10 differential metabolites (isoleucine, valine, leucine, ethanol, alanine, acetate, aspartate, arginine, lactate, and glucose) as well as two significantly disturbed pathways, including "pyruvate metabolism" and "alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism," that were confirmed in H295R cells culture medium of (1R,3R,αS)-CP compared with other stereoisomers. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array also confirmed the results of metabolomics. Our results can help to understand the potential mechanisms between the isomer selectivity in metabolic phenotypes and endocrine-disrupting effects. Data provided here not only lend authenticity to the cautions issued by the scientists and researchers but also offer a solution for the balance between environment and political regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Ji
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chang Yu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianqiang Zhu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yafei Cheng
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tian Tian
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bingqi Zhou
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinping Gu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Fan
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meirong Zhao
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
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8
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Zhang R, Zhou Z, Zhu W. Evaluating the effects of the tebuconazole on the earthworm, Eisenia fetida by H-1 NMR-Based untargeted metabolomics and mRNA assay. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 194:110370. [PMID: 32151865 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Tebuconazole, a widely used fungicide, can severely disrupt the reproductive process of various organisms. In this study, we investigated the subacute effects of tebuconazole on the earthworm to fully understand its toxic implications. Herein, untargeted metabolomics, mRNA assay and biochemical approaches were adopted to evaluate the subacute effects of Eisenia fetida earthworms, when exposed to tebuconazole at three different concentrations (0.5, 5 and 50 mg/kg) for seven days. SOD enzyme activity test displayed that tebuconazole exposure interfered with the earthworms' ROS. ANN mRNA expression was down-regulated after tebuconazole exposure. 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR)-based untargeted metabolomics study showed that 5 mg/kg tebuconazole exposure interfered with earthworms' metabolism. Twelve significantly changed metabolites were identified. The pathway analyses indicate that tebuconazole can disrupt the earthworm's metabolism, particularly in the AMP pathway, which impact the reproduction. This may explain the tebuconazole's mechanism of action behind the down-regulation of the expression of ANN mRNA, which is related to the earthworm's reproductive process. We comprehensively evaluated the mRNA expression, enzyme activity, and metabolomics, and acquired sufficient information for evaluating the toxicity of tebuconazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renke Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wentao Zhu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Lykogianni M, Papadopoulou EA, Sapalidis A, Tsiourvas D, Sideratou Z, Aliferis KA. Metabolomics reveals differential mechanisms of toxicity of hyperbranched poly(ethyleneimine)-derived nanoparticles to the soil-borne fungus Verticillium dahliae Kleb. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 165:104535. [PMID: 32359556 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
There is a consensus on the urge for the discovery and assessment of alternative, improved sources of bioactivity that could be developed as plant protection products (PPPs), in order to combat issues that the agrochemical sector is facing. Based on the recent advances in nanotechnology, nanoparticles seem to have a great potential towards the development of the next generation nano-PPPs used as active ingredients (a.i.) per se or as nanocarriers in their formulation. Nonetheless, information on their mode(s)-of-action (MoA) and mechanisms of toxicity is yet largely unknown, representing a bottleneck in their further assessment and development. Therefore, we have undertaken the task to assess the fungitoxicity of hyperbranched poly(ethyleneimine) (HPEI), quaternized hyperbranched poly(ethyleneimine) (QPEI), and guanidinylated hyperbranched poly(ethyleneimine) (GPEI) nanoparticles to the soil-born plant pathogenic fungus Verticillium dahliae Kleb, and dissect their effects on its metabolism applying GC/EI/MS metabolomics. Results revealed that functionalization of HPEI nanoparticles with guanidinium end groups (GPEI) increases their toxicity to V. dahliae, while functionalization with quaternary ammonium end groups (QPEI) decreases it. The treatments with the nanoparticles affected the chemical homeostasis of the fungus, altering substantially its amino acid pool, energy production, and fatty acid content, causing additionally oxidative and osmotic stresses. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the comparative toxicity of HPEI, QPEI, and GPEI to filamentous fungi applying metabolomics. The findings could be exploited in the study of the quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) of HPEI-derived nanoparticles and their further development as nano-PPPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maira Lykogianni
- Laboratory of Pesticide Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, Greece; Laboratory of Biological Control of Pesticides, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 8 St. Delta str., 145 61, Kifissia, Attica, Greece
| | - Evgenia-Anna Papadopoulou
- Laboratory of Pesticide Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Sapalidis
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR Demokritos, Part. Gregoriou & Neapoleos 27, Agia Paraskevi 153 44, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Tsiourvas
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR Demokritos, Part. Gregoriou & Neapoleos 27, Agia Paraskevi 153 44, Athens, Greece
| | - Zili Sideratou
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR Demokritos, Part. Gregoriou & Neapoleos 27, Agia Paraskevi 153 44, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos A Aliferis
- Laboratory of Pesticide Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, Greece; Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Macdonald Campus, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada.
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Luo X, Meng J, Chen X, Cheng L, Yan S, Gao L, Xue M, Yang Y. Metabolomics-based study reveals the effect of lead (Pb) in the culture environment on Whitmania pigra. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4794. [PMID: 32179862 PMCID: PMC7075881 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61745-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Whitmania pigra, called Mahuang (MH) in Chinese, has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine for many years and is susceptible to Pb exposure in aquaculture environments. To understand the impact of Pb in the culture environment on MHs, we carried out a 50-day culture of MHs in environments with different levels of Pb pollution. Then, tissue samples of MHs reared in the different Pb-polluted environments were collected and analysed by UPLC-Q/TOF-MS. The results showed that the Pb residue in MHs increased with increasing Pb in the culture environment. There was no significant difference in MH Pb content (P < 0.05) between the low-Pb residue group (PbL) and the blank control group (BC), and those of the middle-Pb residue group (PbM) and the high-Pb residue group (PbH) were significantly different from that of the BC group. Metabolomics results showed significant changes in 24 metabolites in the PbL, PbM and PbH groups, some of which were dose-dependent. These metabolites were mainly lipids, nucleotides, and dipeptides, which are involved in metabolic pathways such as glycerophospholipid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, and nucleotide metabolism. Overall, the results proved that metabolomics can be an effective tool to understand the effects of Pb on the metabolic responses of MHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Luo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Jieqin Meng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiufen Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangke Cheng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaopeng Yan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Luying Gao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Xue
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaojun Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China.
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Zhou Y, Qin DQ, Zhang PW, Chen XT, Liu BJ, Cheng DM, Zhang ZX. Integrated LC-MS and GC-MS-based untargeted metabolomics studies of the effect of azadirachtin on Bactrocera dorsalis larvae. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2306. [PMID: 32041987 PMCID: PMC7010752 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58796-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Azadirachtin exhibits excellent bioactivities against several hundred arthropods. However, current knowlege of its biochemical effect on B. dorsalis larvae is not deep enough. In this study, integrated LC-MS and GC-MS-based untargeted metabolomics were used to analyze the changes of endogenous metabolites and the biochemical effects of azadirachtin on B. dorsalis larvae. Azadirachtin has excellent bioactivities against B. dorsalis larvae in this study, leading to a longer developmental duration, lower survival rate, and low pupa weight. The effect of azadirachtin was investigated on a total of 22 and 13 differentially abundant metabolites in the LC-MS and GC-MS-based metabolomics results, are selected respectively. Pathway analysis indicated that 14 differentially enriched metabolic pathways, including seven influential pathways, are worthy of attention. Further integrated key metabolic pathway analysis showed that histidine metabolism, D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism, biotin metabolism, ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, pentose and glucuronate interconversions, and alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism in B. dorsalis larvae are significantly relevant pathways affected by azadirachtin. Although extrapolating the bioactivity results in this study to the practical project of B. dorsalis pest management in the field has limitations, it was found that azadirachtin has a significant effect on the primary metabolism of B. dorsalis larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Zhou
- Guangdong Biological Pesticide Engineering Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - De Qiang Qin
- Guangdong Biological Pesticide Engineering Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Pei Wen Zhang
- Guangdong Biological Pesticide Engineering Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xiao Tian Chen
- Guangdong Biological Pesticide Engineering Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ben Ju Liu
- Guangdong Biological Pesticide Engineering Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Dong Mei Cheng
- Guangdong Biological Pesticide Engineering Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- College of Agriculture and Biology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Zhi Xiang Zhang
- Guangdong Biological Pesticide Engineering Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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12
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Griffith CM, Thai AC, Larive CK. Metabolite biomarkers of chlorothalonil exposure in earthworms, coelomic fluid, and coelomocytes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 681:435-443. [PMID: 31112921 PMCID: PMC6613798 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Earthworm (Eisenia fetida) metabolomics is a useful indicator of toxicant exposure. Extracts of whole earthworms are most commonly used to measure metabolic perturbations, in addition to coelomic fluid which has been used on a more limited basis. Coelomocytes are free moving cells found within earthworm coelomic fluid, and the potential of this compartment has not been evaluated for its utility in earthworm metabolomics. In this study, earthworms were exposed to 18.5 and 37.0 mg/kg chlorothalonil, a commonly used fungicide that targets glutathione. The metabolic impacts of a 14-day chlorothalonil exposure were assessed using 1H NMR and targeted LC-MS measurements of earthworm, coelomic fluid, and coelomocyte extracts. Coelomic fluid was identified as the most sensitive matrix for measuring the effects of chlorothalonil exposure, where an increase in glutamine levels was the only biomarker observed at both doses. At the high dose, multiblocked-orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (MB-OPLS-DA) supported increased N-acetylserine and ophthalmic acid levels as additional biomarkers of exposure in coelomic fluid. These perturbations may indicate increased oxidative stress, although no changes in glutathione were observed in any matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey M Griffith
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States
| | - Andrew C Thai
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States
| | - Cynthia K Larive
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States; Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States.
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13
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Ch R, Singh AK, Pathak MK, Singh A, Kesavachandran CN, Bihari V, Mudiam MKR. Saliva and urine metabolic profiling reveals altered amino acid and energy metabolism in male farmers exposed to pesticides in Madhya Pradesh State, India. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 226:636-644. [PMID: 30954898 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Globally, the human population is exposed to low doses of pesticides due to its extensive use in agriculture. The chronic exposure to pesticides can lead to cancer, depression, anxiety, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases etc. Here, we have made an attempt to use mass spectrometry based metabolomics to investigate the metabolic perturbations induced by the pesticides in the urine and saliva samples of farmers from the Madhya Pradesh State of India. The study was aimed to establish non-invasive matrices like urine and saliva as alternative diagnostic matrices to the occupational exposure studies. Saliva and urine samples were collected from 51 pesticides applicators and acquired metabolic profiles of urine and saliva samples using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Multivariate pattern recognition and pathway analysis were used to analyze and interpret the data. Investigation of endogenous metabolic profiles revealed remarkable discrimination in both saliva and urine samples of the exposed population strongly suggesting the changes in metabolic composition within the identified metabolites (for urine samples: accuracy 0.9766, R2 = 0.9130, Q2 = 0.8703; for saliva samples, an accuracy of 0.9961, R2 = 0.9698, Q2 = 0.9637). Thirteen metabolites of urine samples and sixteen metabolites of saliva samples were identified as differential metabolites specific to pesticide exposure. Pathway analysis of differential metabolites revealed that amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism (glycolysis and TCA cycle) and glutathione metabolism (oxidative stress) were found to affect in pesticide exposed population. The present study suggested that GC-MS based metabolomics can help to reveal the metabolic perturbations in human population after pesticides exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratnasekhar Ch
- Analytical and Pesticide Toxicology Laboratories, Regulatory Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), MG Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Amit Kumar Singh
- Analytical and Pesticide Toxicology Laboratories, Regulatory Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), MG Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Pathak
- Epidemiology Laboratory, System Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), MG Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amarnath Singh
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR- IITR Campus, Lucknow, 226001, India
| | - Chandrasekharan Nair Kesavachandran
- Epidemiology Laboratory, System Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), MG Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vipin Bihari
- Epidemiology Laboratory, System Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), MG Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohana Krishna Reddy Mudiam
- Analytical and Pesticide Toxicology Laboratories, Regulatory Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), MG Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR- IITR Campus, Lucknow, 226001, India; Analytical Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500 007, India.
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14
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Zhang R, Zhou Z. Effects of the Chiral Fungicides Metalaxyl and Metalaxyl-M on the Earthworm Eisenia fetida as Determined by ¹H-NMR-Based Untargeted Metabolomics. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24071293. [PMID: 30987047 PMCID: PMC6479362 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24071293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although metalaxyl and metalaxyl-M are widely used fungicides, very little is known about their subacute and enantiospecific effects on the earthworm metabolome. In this study, Eisenia fetida were exposed to metalaxyl and metalaxyl-M at three concentrations (0.5, 5 and 50 mg/kg) for seven days. 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR)-based untargeted metabolomics showed that metalaxyl and metalaxyl-M exposure disturbed earthworms’ metabolism at all three concentrations. Endogenous metabolites, such as succinate, arginine, aspartate, urea, asparagine, alanine, trimethylamine, taurine, cysteine, serine, threonine, histidine, lysine, glucose, choline, carnitine, citric acid, alpha-ketoisovaleric acid, fumaric acid and so on, were significantly changed. These results indicate that metalaxyl and metalaxyl-M produce different, enantiospecific disturbances in the earthworm metabolism, particularly in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) and urea cycles. The application of untargeted metabolomics thus provides more information for evaluating the toxic risks of metalaxyl and metalaxyl-M.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renke Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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15
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Glinski DA, Purucker ST, Van Meter RJ, Black MC, Henderson WM. Endogenous and exogenous biomarker analysis in terrestrial phase amphibians ( Lithobates sphenocephala) following dermal exposure to pesticide mixtures. ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY (COLLINGWOOD, VIC.) 2018; 16:55-67. [PMID: 34316289 PMCID: PMC8312641 DOI: 10.1071/en18163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide mixtures are frequently co-applied throughout an agricultural growing season to maximize crop yield. Therefore, non-target ecological species (e.g., amphibians) may be exposed to several pesticides at any given time on these agricultural landscapes. The objectives of this study were to quantify body burdens in terrestrial phase amphibians and translate perturbed metabolites to their corresponding biochemical pathways affected by exposure to pesticides as both singlets and in combination. Southern leopard frogs (Lithobates sphenocephala) were exposed either at maximum or 1/10th maximum application rate to single, double, or triple pesticide mixtures of bifenthrin (insecticide), metolachlor (herbicide), and triadimefon (fungicide). Tissue concentrations demonstrate both facilitated and competitive uptake of pesticides when in mixtures. Metabolomic profiling of amphibian livers identified metabolites of interest for both application rates, however; magnitude of changes varied for the two exposure rates. Exposure to lower concentrations demonstrated down regulation in amino acids, potentially due to their being utilized for glutathione metabolism and/or increased energy demands. Amphibians exposed to the maximum application rate resulted in up regulation of amino acids and other key metabolites likely due to depleted energy resources. Coupling endogenous and exogenous biomarkers of pesticide exposure can be utilized to form vital links in an ecological risk assessment by relating internal dose to pathophysiological outcomes in non-target species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna A. Glinski
- Grantee to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency via Oak Ridge Institute of Science and Education, Athens, GA, USA 30605
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA 30602
- Corresponding Author: Donna A. Glinski,
| | - S. Thomas Purucker
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Athens, GA, USA 30605
| | - Robin J. Van Meter
- Departments of Biology and Environmental Science/Studies, Washington College, Chestertown, MD, USA 21620
| | - Marsha C. Black
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA 30602
| | - W. Matthew Henderson
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Athens, GA, USA 30605
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16
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Wang L, Huang X, Laserna AKC, Li SFY. Untargeted metabolomics reveals transformation pathways and metabolic response of the earthworm Perionyx excavatus after exposure to triphenyl phosphate. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16440. [PMID: 30401822 PMCID: PMC6219545 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34814-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Triphenyl phosphate (TPHP) is one of the most highly utilized organophosphorus flame retardants, and has been frequently detected in various environmental matrices, including soil. So far, limited information is known regarding the potential toxicity of TPHP to the earthworm-soil ecosystem. We investigated the metabolism of TPHP and the perturbation of the endogenous metabolome in the earthworm, Perionyx excavatus, using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight (LC-QTOF)-based untargeted metabolomics approach after acute exposure to TPHP for one and two days through a filter paper contact test, as well as after chronic exposure for 28 days in a soil microcosm experiment. TPHP showed low bioaccumulation potential in the earthworm-soil ecosystem at concentrations of 10 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg. Identified phase I metabolites include diphenyl phosphate, mono-hydroxylated and di-hydroxylated TPHP. Two groups of phase II metabolites, thiol conjugates (including mercaptolactic acid, cysteine, cysteinylglycine, and mercaptoethanol conjugates) and glucoside conjugates (including glucoside, glucoside-phosphate, and C14H19O10P conjugates), were putatively identified. Only acute TPHP exposure caused significant perturbations of the endogenous metabolome in earthworms, featuring fluctuations in amino acids, glucose, inosine and phospholipids. These results reveal novel phase II metabolism and toxicity of TPHP in P. excavatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore
| | - Xulei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore
| | | | - Sam Fong Yau Li
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore. .,NUS Environmental Research Institute (NERI), #02-01, T-Lab Building (TL), 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117411, Singapore.
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17
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Griffith CM, Morgan MA, Dinges MM, Mathon C, Larive CK. Metabolic Profiling of Chloroacetanilide Herbicides in Earthworm Coelomic Fluid Using 1H NMR and GC-MS. J Proteome Res 2018; 17:2611-2622. [PMID: 29939029 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Earthworms ( Eisenia fetida) are vital members of the soil environment. Because of their sensitivity to many contaminants, monitoring earthworm metabolism may be a useful indicator of environmental stressors. Here, metabolic profiles of exposure to five chloroacetanilide herbicides and one enantiomer (acetochlor, alachlor, butachlor, racemic metolachlor, S-metolachlor, and propachlor) are observed in earthworm coelomic fluid using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Multiblocked-orthogonal partial least-squares-discriminant analysis (MB-OPLS-DA) and univariate analysis were used to identify metabolic perturbations in carnitine biosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Intriguingly, stereospecific metabolic responses were observed between racemic metolachlor and S-metolachlor exposed worms. These findings support the utility of coelomic fluid in monitoring metabolic perturbations induced by chloroacetanilide herbicides in nontarget organisms and reveal specificity in the metabolic impacts of herbicide analogues in earthworms.
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18
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Van Meter RJ, Glinski DA, Purucker ST, Henderson WM. Influence of exposure to pesticide mixtures on the metabolomic profile in post-metamorphic green frogs (Lithobates clamitans). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 624:1348-1359. [PMID: 29929247 PMCID: PMC6020053 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide use in agricultural areas requires the application of numerous chemicals to control target organisms, leaving non-target organisms at risk. The present study evaluates the hepatic metabolomic profile of one group of non-target organisms, amphibians, after exposure to a single pesticide and pesticide mixtures. Five common-use pesticide active ingredients were used in this study, three herbicides (atrazine, metolachlor and 2,4-d), one insecticide (malathion) and one fungicide (propiconazole). Juvenile green frogs (Lithobates clamitans) were reared for 60-90days post-metamorphosis then exposed to a single pesticide or a combination of pesticides at the labeled application rate on soil. Amphibian livers were excised for metabolomic analysis and pesticides were quantified for whole body homogenates. Based on the current study, metabolomic profiling of livers support both individual and interactive effects where pesticide exposures altered biochemical processes, potentially indicating a different response between active ingredients in pesticide mixtures, among these non-target species. Amphibian metabolomic response is likely dependent on the pesticides present in each mixture and their ability to perturb biochemical networks, thereby confounding efforts with risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin J Van Meter
- Washington College, 300 Washington Avenue, Chestertown, MD 21620, USA.
| | | | - S Thomas Purucker
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Ecosystems Research Division, 960 College Station Road, Athens, GA, USA
| | - W Matthew Henderson
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Ecosystems Research Division, 960 College Station Road, Athens, GA, USA
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19
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Zhang X, Yang J, Chen M, Li L, Huan F, Li A, Liu Y, Xia Y, Duan JA, Ma S. Metabolomics profiles delineate uridine deficiency contributes to mitochondria-mediated apoptosis induced by celastrol in human acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:46557-46572. [PMID: 27374097 PMCID: PMC5216817 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Celastrol, extracted from “Thunder of God Vine”, is a promising anti-cancer natural product. However, its effect on acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and underlying molecular mechanism are poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to explore its effect on APL and underlying mechanism based on metabolomics. Firstly, multiple assays indicated that celastrol could induce apoptosis of APL cells via p53-activated mitochondrial pathway. Secondly, unbiased metabolomics revealed that uridine was the most notable changed metabolite. Further study verified that uridine could reverse the apoptosis induced by celastrol. The decreased uridine was caused by suppressing the expression of gene encoding Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, whose inhibitor could also induce apoptosis of APL cells. At last, mouse model confirmed that celastrol inhibited tumor growth through enhanced apoptosis. Celastrol could also decrease uridine and DHODH protein level in tumor tissues. Our in vivo study also indicated that celastrol had no systemic toxicity at pharmacological dose (2 mg/kg, i.p., 21 days). Altogether, our metabolomics study firstly reveals that uridine deficiency contributes to mitochondrial apoptosis induced by celastrol in APL cells. Celastrol shows great potential for the treatment of APL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.,Department of Hygienic Analysis and Detection, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Minjian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Hygienic Analysis and Detection, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Fei Huan
- Safety Assessment and Research Center for Drug, Pesticide and Veterinary Drug of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Aiping Li
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yanqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yankai Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shiping Ma
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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20
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Griffith CM, Williams PB, Tinoco LW, Dinges MM, Wang Y, Larive CK. 1H NMR Metabolic Profiling of Earthworm (Eisenia fetida) Coelomic Fluid, Coelomocytes, and Tissue: Identification of a New Metabolite-Malylglutamate. J Proteome Res 2017; 16:3407-3418. [PMID: 28753027 PMCID: PMC5585853 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Earthworm metabolism
is recognized
as a useful tool for monitoring environmental insults and measuring
ecotoxicity, yet extensive earthworm metabolic profiling using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has been limited
in scope. This study aims to expand the embedded metabolic material
in earthworm coelomic fluid, coelomocytes, and tissue to aid systems
toxicology research. Fifty-nine metabolites within Eisenia
fetida were identified, with 47 detected in coelomic fluid,
41 in coelomocytes, and 54 in whole-worm samples and tissue extracts.
The newly detected but known metabolites 2-aminobutyrate, nicotinurate, Nδ,Nδ,Nδ-trimethylornithine,
and trigonelline are reported along with a novel compound, malylglutamate,
elucidated using 2D NMR and high-resolution MS/MS. We postulate that
malylglutamate acts as a glutamate/malate store, chelator, and anionic
osmolyte and helps to provide electrolyte balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey M Griffith
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California , Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Preston B Williams
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Luzineide W Tinoco
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Riverside, California 92521, United States.,Laboratório Multiusuário de Análises por Ressonância Magnética Nuclear, Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro CEP 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Meredith M Dinges
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Yinsheng Wang
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California , Riverside, California 92521, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of California , Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Cynthia K Larive
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California , Riverside, California 92521, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of California , Riverside, California 92521, United States
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21
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Tiwari RK, Singh S, Pandey RS, Sharma B. Enzymes of Earthworm as Indicators of Pesticide Pollution in Soil. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.4236/aer.2016.44011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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