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Ferrai C, Schulte C. Mechanotransduction in stem cells. Eur J Cell Biol 2024; 103:151417. [PMID: 38729084 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2024.151417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, it is an established concept that the capability to reach a specialised cell identity via differentiation, as in the case of multi- and pluripotent stem cells, is not only determined by biochemical factors, but that also physical aspects of the microenvironment play a key role; interpreted by the cell through a force-based signalling pathway called mechanotransduction. However, the intricate ties between the elements involved in mechanotransduction, such as the extracellular matrix, the glycocalyx, the cell membrane, Integrin adhesion complexes, Cadherin-mediated cell/cell adhesion, the cytoskeleton, and the nucleus, are still far from being understood in detail. Here we report what is currently known about these elements in general and their specific interplay in the context of multi- and pluripotent stem cells. We furthermore merge this overview to a more comprehensive picture, that aims to cover the whole mechanotransductive pathway from the cell/microenvironment interface to the regulation of the chromatin structure in the nucleus. Ultimately, with this review we outline the current picture of the interplay between mechanotransductive cues and epigenetic regulation and how these processes might contribute to stem cell dynamics and fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Ferrai
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Carsten Schulte
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences and Department of Physics "Aldo Pontremoli", University of Milan, Italy.
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2
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Tian C, Wang J, Ye X, Chen J, Zheng R, Yu H, Li J, Yin G, Liu L, Zhao N, Feng G, Zhu Z, Wang J, Fan G, Liu L. Culture conditions of mouse ESCs impact the tumor appearance in vivo. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112645. [PMID: 37314926 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Various culture conditions by small molecules have been explored to extend pluripotency of stem cells, but their impacts on cell fate in vivo remain elusive. We systematically compared the effects of various culture conditions on the pluripotency and cell fate in vivo of mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) by tetraploid embryo complementation assay. Conventional ESC cultures in serum/LIF-based condition produced complete ESC mice and also the survival to adulthood at the highest rates of all other chemical-based cultures. Moreover, long-term examination of the survived ESC mice demonstrated that conventional ESC cultures did not lead to visible abnormality for up to 1.5-2 years, whereas the prolonged chemical-based cultures developed retroperitoneal atypical teratomas or leiomyomas. The chemical-based cultures exhibited transcriptomes and epigenomes that typically differed from those of conventional ESC cultures. Our results warrant further refinement of culture conditions in promoting the pluripotency and safety of ESCs in future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Human Genetics and Broad Stem Cell Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Xiaoying Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jiyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Rongyan Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Hanwen Yu
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Guoxing Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Linlin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Nannan Zhao
- Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Guofeng Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhengmao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jichang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Guoping Fan
- Department of Human Genetics and Broad Stem Cell Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Lin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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3
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Baral I, Shirude MB, Jothi DL, Mukherjee A, Dutta D. Characterization of a Distinct State in the Continuum of Pluripotency Facilitated by Inhibition of PKCζ in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:1098-1115. [PMID: 36781773 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10513-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of PKC (PKCi) signaling maintains pluripotency of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) across different mammalian species. However, the position of PKCi maintained ESCs in the pluripotency continuum is largely unknown. Here we demonstrate that mouse ESCs when cultured continuously, with PKCi, for 75 days are retained in naïve state of pluripotency. Gene expression analysis and proteomics studies demonstrated enhanced naïve character of PKCi maintained ESCs in comparison to classical serum/LIF (S/L) supported ESCs. Molecular analysis revealed that activation of PKCζ isoform associate with primed state of pluripotency, present in epiblast-like stem cells generated in vitro while inhibition of PKCζ phosphorylation associated with naïve state of pluripotency in vitro and in vivo. Phosphoproteomics and chromatin modification enzyme array based studies showed loss in DNA methyl transferase 3B (DNMT3B) and its phosphorylation level upon functional inhibition of PKCζ as one of the crucial components of this regulatory pathway. Unlike ground state of pluripotency maintained by MEK/GSK3 inhibitor in addition to LIF (2i/LIF), loss in DNMT3B is a reversible phenomenon in PKCi maintained ESCs. Absence of phosphorylation of c-MYC, RAF1, SPRY4 while presence of ERF, DUSP6, CIC and YAP1 phosphorylation underlined the phosphoproteomics signature of PKCi mediated maintenance of naïve pluripotency. States of pluripotency represent the developmental continuum and the existence of PKCi mediated mouse ESCs in a distinct state in the continuum of pluripotency (DiSCo) might contribute to the establishment of stages of murine embryonic development that were non-permissible till date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Baral
- Regenerative Biology Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, Kerala, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka State, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Mayur Balkrishna Shirude
- Regenerative Biology Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, Kerala, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka State, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Dhana Lakshmi Jothi
- Regenerative Biology Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, Kerala, India
| | - Ananda Mukherjee
- Cancer Biology Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, Kerala, India
| | - Debasree Dutta
- Regenerative Biology Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, Kerala, India.
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Liu X, Yin M, Liu X, Da J, Zhang K, Zhang X, Liu L, Wang J, Jin H, Liu Z, Zhang B, Li Y. Analysis of Hub Genes Involved in Distinction Between Aged and Fetal Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Robust Rank Aggregation and Multiple Functional Annotation Methods. Front Genet 2020; 11:573877. [PMID: 33424919 PMCID: PMC7793715 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.573877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells from fetal tissue protect against aging and possess greater proliferative capacity than their adult counterparts. These cells can more readily expand in vitro and senesce later in culture. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms for these differences are still not fully understood. In this study, we used a robust rank aggregation (RRA) method to discover robust differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between fetal bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (fMSCs) and aged adult bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (aMSCs). Multiple methods, including gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were performed for functional annotation of the robust DEGs, and the results were visualized using the R software. The hub genes and other genes with which they interacted directly were detected by protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. Correlation of gene expression was measured by Pearson correlation coefficient. A total of 388 up-regulated and 289 down-regulated DEGs were identified between aMSCs and fMSCs. We found that the down-regulated genes were mainly involved in the cell cycle, telomerase activity, and stem cell proliferation. The up-regulated DEGs were associated with cell adhesion molecules, extracellular matrix (ECM)–receptor interactions, and the immune response. We screened out four hub genes, MYC, KIF20A, HLA-DRA, and HLA-DPA1, through PPI-network analysis. The MYC gene was negatively correlated with TXNIP, an age-related gene, and KIF20A was extensively involved in the cell cycle. The results suggested that MSCs derived from the bone marrow of an elderly donor present a pro-inflammatory phenotype compared with that of fMSCs, and the HLA-DRA and HLA-DPA1 genes are related to the immune response. These findings provide new insights into the differences between aMSCs and fMSCs and may suggest novel strategies for ex vivo expansion and application of adult MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyao Liu
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Mingjing Yin
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xinpeng Liu
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Junlong Da
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xinjian Zhang
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lixue Liu
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jianqun Wang
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Han Jin
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhongshuang Liu
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Ying Li
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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5
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PeptideWitch-A Software Package to Produce High-Stringency Proteomics Data Visualizations from Label-Free Shotgun Proteomics Data. Proteomes 2020; 8:proteomes8030021. [PMID: 32825686 PMCID: PMC7564585 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes8030021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PeptideWitch is a python-based web module that introduces several key graphical and technical improvements to the Scrappy software platform, which is designed for label-free quantitative shotgun proteomics analysis using normalised spectral abundance factors. The program inputs are low stringency protein identification lists output from peptide-to-spectrum matching search engines for ‘control’ and ‘treated’ samples. Through a combination of spectral count summation and inner joins, PeptideWitch processes low stringency data, and outputs high stringency data that are suitable for downstream quantitation. Data quality metrics are generated, and a series of statistical analyses and graphical representations are presented, aimed at defining and presenting the difference between the two sample proteomes.
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6
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Xing QR, Farran CAE, Zeng YY, Yi Y, Warrier T, Gautam P, Collins JJ, Xu J, Dröge P, Koh CG, Li H, Zhang LF, Loh YH. Parallel bimodal single-cell sequencing of transcriptome and chromatin accessibility. Genome Res 2020; 30:1027-1039. [PMID: 32699019 PMCID: PMC7397874 DOI: 10.1101/gr.257840.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Joint profiling of transcriptome and chromatin accessibility within single cells allows for the deconstruction of the complex relationship between transcriptional states and upstream regulatory programs determining different cell fates. Here, we developed an automated method with high sensitivity, assay for single-cell transcriptome and accessibility regions (ASTAR-seq), for simultaneous measurement of whole-cell transcriptome and chromatin accessibility within the same single cell. To show the utility of ASTAR-seq, we profiled 384 mESCs under naive and primed pluripotent states as well as a two-cell like state, 424 human cells of various lineage origins (BJ, K562, JK1, and Jurkat), and 480 primary cord blood cells undergoing erythroblast differentiation. With the joint profiles, we configured the transcriptional and chromatin accessibility landscapes of discrete cell states, uncovered linked sets of cis-regulatory elements and target genes unique to each state, and constructed interactome and transcription factor (TF)–centered upstream regulatory networks for various cell states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Rui Xing
- Epigenetics and Cell Fates Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore 138673, Singapore.,School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Chadi A El Farran
- Epigenetics and Cell Fates Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore 138673, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117558, Singapore
| | - Ying Ying Zeng
- Epigenetics and Cell Fates Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore 138673, Singapore.,School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Yao Yi
- Epigenetics and Cell Fates Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore 138673, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117558, Singapore
| | - Tushar Warrier
- Epigenetics and Cell Fates Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore 138673, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117558, Singapore
| | - Pradeep Gautam
- Epigenetics and Cell Fates Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore 138673, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117558, Singapore
| | - James J Collins
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Department of Biological Engineering, and Synthetic Biology Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117558, Singapore.,Department of Plant Systems Physiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Dröge
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Cheng-Gee Koh
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Hu Li
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
| | - Li-Feng Zhang
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Yuin-Han Loh
- Epigenetics and Cell Fates Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore 138673, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117558, Singapore.,NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore.,Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
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7
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Warrier S, Taelman J, Tilleman L, Van der Jeught M, Duggal G, Lierman S, Popovic M, Van Soom A, Peelman L, Van Nieuwerburgh F, Deforce D, Chuva de Sousa Lopes SM, De Sutter P, Heindryckx B. Transcriptional landscape changes during human embryonic stem cell derivation. Mol Hum Reprod 2019; 24:543-555. [PMID: 30239859 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gay039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION What are the transcriptional changes occurring during the human embryonic stem cell (hESC) derivation process, from the inner cell mass (ICM) to post-ICM intermediate stage (PICMI) to hESC stage, that have downstream effects on pluripotency states and differentiation? SUMMARY ANSWER We reveal that although the PICMI is transcriptionally similar to the hESC profile and distinct from ICM, it exhibits upregulation of primordial germ cell (PGC) markers, dependence on leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) signaling, upregulation of naïve pluripotency-specific signaling networks and appears to be an intermediate switching point from naïve to primed pluripotency. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY It is currently known that the PICMI exhibits markers of early and late-epiblast stage. It is suggested that hESCs acquire primed pluripotency features due to the upregulation of post-implantation genes in the PICMI which renders them predisposed towards differentiation cues. Despite this current knowledge, the transcriptional landscape changes during hESC derivation from ICM to hESC and the effect of PICMI on pluripotent state is still not well defined. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION To gain insight into the signaling mechanisms that may govern the ICM to PICMI to hESC transition, comparative RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis was performed on preimplantation ICMs, PICMIs and hESCs in biological and technical triplicates (n = 3). PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, AND METHODS Primed hESCs (XX) were maintained in feeder-free culture conditions on Matrigel for two passages and approximately 50 cells were collected in biological and technical triplicates (n = 3). For ICM sample collection, Day 3, frozen-thawed human embryos were cultured up to day five blastocyst stage and only good quality blastocysts were subjected to laser-assisted micromanipulation for ICM collection (n = 3). Next, day six expanded blastocysts were cultured on mouse embryonic fibroblasts and manual dissection was performed on the PICMI outgrowths between post-plating Day 6 and Day 10 (n = 3). Sequencing of these samples was performed on NextSeq500 and statistical analysis was performed using edgeR (false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05). MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Comparative RNA-seq data analysis revealed that 634 and 560 protein-coding genes were significantly up and downregulated in hESCs compared to ICM (FDR < 0.05), respectively. Upon ICM to PICMI transition, 471 genes were expressed significantly higher in the PICMI compared to ICM, while 296 genes were elevated in the ICM alone (FDR < 0.05). Principle component analysis showed that the ICM was completely distinct from the PICMI and hESCs while the latter two clustered in close proximity to each other. Increased expression of E-CADHERIN1 (CDH1) in ICM and intermediate levels in the PICMI was observed, while CDH2 was higher in hESCs, suggesting a role of extracellular matrix components in facilitating pluripotency transition during hESC derivation. The PICMI also showed regulation of naïve-specific LIF and bone morphogenetic protein signaling, differential regulation of primed pluripotency-specific fibroblast growth factor and NODAL signaling pathway components, upregulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway (PI3K/AKT/mTORC), as well as predisposition towards the germ cell lineage, further confirmed by gene ontology analysis. Hence, the data suggest that the PICMI may serve as an intermediate pluripotency stage which, when subjected to an appropriate culture niche, could aid in enhancing naïve hESC derivation and germ cell differentiation efficiency. LARGE-SCALE DATA Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) Accession number GSE119378. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Owing to the limitation in sample availability, the sex of ICM and PICMI have not been taken into consideration. Obtaining cells from the ICM and maintaining them in culture is not feasible as it will hamper the formation of PICMI and hESC derivation. Single-cell quantitative real-time PCR on low ICM and PICMI cell numbers, although challenging due to limited availability of human embryos, will be advantageous to further corroborate the RNA-seq data on transcriptional changes during hESC derivation process. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS We elucidate the dynamics of transcriptional network changes from the naïve ICM to the intermediate PICMI stage and finally the primed hESC lines. We provide an in-depth understanding of the PICMI and its role in conferring the type of pluripotent state which may have important downstream effects on differentiation, specifically towards the PGC lineage. This knowledge contributes to our limited understanding of the true nature of the human pluripotent state in vitro. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This research is supported by the Concerted Research Actions funding from Bijzonder Onderzoeksfonds University Ghent (BOF GOA 01G01112).The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Warrier
- Ghent-Fertility and Stem cell Team (G-FaST), Department for Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - J Taelman
- Ghent-Fertility and Stem cell Team (G-FaST), Department for Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - L Tilleman
- Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - M Van der Jeught
- Ghent-Fertility and Stem cell Team (G-FaST), Department for Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - G Duggal
- Ghent-Fertility and Stem cell Team (G-FaST), Department for Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - S Lierman
- Ghent-Fertility and Stem cell Team (G-FaST), Department for Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - M Popovic
- Ghent-Fertility and Stem cell Team (G-FaST), Department for Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - A Van Soom
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - L Peelman
- Department of Nutrition, Genetics and Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - F Van Nieuwerburgh
- Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - D Deforce
- Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - S M Chuva de Sousa Lopes
- Ghent-Fertility and Stem cell Team (G-FaST), Department for Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - P De Sutter
- Ghent-Fertility and Stem cell Team (G-FaST), Department for Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - B Heindryckx
- Ghent-Fertility and Stem cell Team (G-FaST), Department for Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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8
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Meyfour A, Hosseini M, Sobhanian H, Pahlavan S. Iran's Contribution to Human Proteomic Research. CELL JOURNAL 2019; 21:229-235. [PMID: 31210427 PMCID: PMC6582420 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2019.6303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Proteomics is a powerful approach to study the whole set of proteins expressed in an organism, organ, tissue or cell resulting in valuable information on physiological or pathological state of a biological system. High throughput proteomic data facilitated the understanding of various biological systems with respect to normal and pathological conditions particularly in the instances of human clinical manifestations. The important role of proteins as the functional gene products encouraged scientists to apply this technology to gain a better understanding of extremely complex biological systems. In last two decades, several proteomics teams have been gradually formed in Iran. In this review, we highlight the most important findings of proteomic research groups in Iran at various areas of stem cells, Y chromosome, infertility, infectious disease and biomarker discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Meyfour
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahya Hosseini
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sara Pahlavan
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.Electronic Address:
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9
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Azizi H, Asgari B, Skutella T. Pluripotency Potential of Embryonic Stem Cell-Like Cells Derived from Mouse Testis. CELL JOURNAL 2019; 21:281-289. [PMID: 31210434 PMCID: PMC6582425 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2019.6068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective During the cultivation of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) and their conversion into embryonic stem-like
(ES-like) cells, transitional ES-like colonies and epiblast-like cells were observable. In the present experimental study,
we aimed to analyze the efficiency of the multipotency or pluripotency potential of ES-like cells, transitional colonies
and epiblast-like cells.
Materials and Methods In this experimental study, SSCs were isolated from transgenic octamer-binding transcription
factor 4 (Oct4)-green fluorescent protein (GFP)-reporter mice. During cell culture ES-like, transitional and epiblast-
like colonies developed spontaneously. The mRNA and protein expression of pluripotency markers were analyzed by
Fluidigm real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunocytochemistry, respectively. Efficiency to produce
chimera mice was evaluated after injection of ES and ES-like cells into blastocysts.
Results Microscopic analyses demonstrated that the expression of Oct4-GFP in ES-like cells was very strong, in
epiblast-like cells was not detectable, and was only partial in transitional colonies. Fluidigm RT-PCR showed a higher
expression of the germ cell markers Stra-8 and Gpr-125 in ES-like cells and the pluripotency genes Dppa5, Lin28, Klf4,
Gdf3 and Tdgf1 in ES-like colonies and embryonic stem cells (ESCs) compared to the epiblast-like and transitional
colonies. No significant expression of Oct-4, Nanog, Sox2 and c-Myc was observed in the different groups. We showed
a high expression level of Nanog and Klf4 in ES-like, while only a partial expression was observed in transitional
colonies. We generated chimeric mice after blastocystic injection from ES and ES-like cells, but not from transitional
colonies. We observed that the efficiency to produce chimeric mice in ES cells was more efficient (59%) in comparison
to ES-like cells (22%).
Conclusion This new data provides more information on the pluripotency or multipotency potentials of testis-derived
ES-like cells in comparison to transitional colonies and epiblast-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Azizi
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran.Electronic Address:
| | - Behruz Asgari
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Thomas Skutella
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld, Heidelberg, Germany
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10
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Sayago C, Martinez-Val A, Munoz J. Proteotyping pluripotency with mass spectrometry. Expert Rev Proteomics 2019; 16:391-400. [PMID: 30947573 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2019.1604229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pluripotency emerges transiently during embryogenesis in two main forms with different developmental potential, termed naïve and primed states. Importantly, these pluripotent states can be recapitulated in vitro under specific culture conditions, representing a unique model to study the regulatory principles of development and cellular plasticity. Areas covered: A complex network of signaling pathways that senses intrinsic and extrinsic cues controls the fine balance between self-renewal and differentiation. Much of our knowledge on this tight regulation originates from epigenetic and transcriptomic approaches. However, the presence of post-transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms demands a direct assessment of the proteome in its multiple facets. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics is now a mature technique and has started to deliver new insights in the stem cell field. Expert opinion: Here, we review our current understanding on the mechanisms that dictate the spectrum of pluripotency levels. We put special emphasis on the emerging proteomic studies that focused on the molecular properties behind the naïve and primed states. In addition, we hypothesize on the impact that future developments in proteomic technologies can have to improve our view of pluripotency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Sayago
- a Proteomics Unit , Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) , Madrid , Spain.,b ISCIII-ProteoRed , Spain
| | - Ana Martinez-Val
- a Proteomics Unit , Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) , Madrid , Spain.,b ISCIII-ProteoRed , Spain
| | - Javier Munoz
- a Proteomics Unit , Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) , Madrid , Spain.,b ISCIII-ProteoRed , Spain
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11
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Spitzhorn LS, Megges M, Wruck W, Rahman MS, Otte J, Degistirici Ö, Meisel R, Sorg RV, Oreffo ROC, Adjaye J. Human iPSC-derived MSCs (iMSCs) from aged individuals acquire a rejuvenation signature. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:100. [PMID: 30885246 PMCID: PMC6423778 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1209-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are fraught with aging-related shortfalls. Human-induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived MSCs (iMSCs) have been shown to be a useful clinically relevant source of MSCs that circumvent these aging-associated drawbacks. To date, the extent of the retention of aging-hallmarks in iMSCs differentiated from iPSCs derived from elderly donors remains unclear. METHODS Fetal femur-derived MSCs (fMSCs) and adult bone marrow MSCs (aMSCs) were isolated, corresponding iPSCs were generated, and iMSCs were differentiated from fMSC-iPSCs, from aMSC-iPSCs, and from human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) H1. In addition, typical MSC characterization such as cell surface marker expression, differentiation capacity, secretome profile, and trancriptome analysis were conducted for the three distinct iMSC preparations-fMSC-iMSCs, aMSC-iMSCs, and ESC-iMSCs. To verify these results, previously published data sets were used, and also, additional aMSCs and iMSCs were analyzed. RESULTS fMSCs and aMSCs both express the typical MSC cell surface markers and can be differentiated into osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic lineages in vitro. However, the transcriptome analysis revealed overlapping and distinct gene expression patterns and showed that fMSCs express more genes in common with ESCs than with aMSCs. fMSC-iMSCs, aMSC-iMSCs, and ESC-iMSCs met the criteria set out for MSCs. Dendrogram analyses confirmed that the transcriptomes of all iMSCs clustered together with the parental MSCs and separated from the MSC-iPSCs and ESCs. iMSCs irrespective of donor age and cell type acquired a rejuvenation-associated gene signature, specifically, the expression of INHBE, DNMT3B, POU5F1P1, CDKN1C, and GCNT2 which are also expressed in pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs and ESC) but not in the parental aMSCs. iMSCs expressed more genes in common with fMSCs than with aMSCs. Independent real-time PCR comparing aMSCs, fMSCs, and iMSCs confirmed the differential expression of the rejuvenation (COX7A, EZA2, and TMEM119) and aging (CXADR and IGSF3) signatures. Importantly, in terms of regenerative medicine, iMSCs acquired a secretome (e.g., angiogenin, DKK-1, IL-8, PDGF-AA, osteopontin, SERPINE1, and VEGF) similar to that of fMSCs and aMSCs, thus highlighting their ability to act via paracrine signaling. CONCLUSIONS iMSCs irrespective of donor age and cell source acquire a rejuvenation gene signature. The iMSC concept could allow circumventing the drawbacks associated with the use of adult MSCs und thus provide a promising tool for use in various clinical settings in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas-Sebastian Spitzhorn
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Matthias Megges
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wasco Wruck
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Md Shaifur Rahman
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jörg Otte
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Özer Degistirici
- Division of Paediatric Stem Cell Therapy, Clinic for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Roland Meisel
- Division of Paediatric Stem Cell Therapy, Clinic for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Volker Sorg
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich Heine University Hospital, Moorenstr, 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Richard O C Oreffo
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - James Adjaye
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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12
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Hassani SN, Moradi S, Taleahmad S, Braun T, Baharvand H. Transition of inner cell mass to embryonic stem cells: mechanisms, facts, and hypotheses. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:873-892. [PMID: 30420999 PMCID: PMC11105545 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2965-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are immortal stem cells that own multi-lineage differentiation potential. ESCs are commonly derived from the inner cell mass (ICM) of pre-implantation embryos. Due to their tremendous developmental capacity and unlimited self-renewal, ESCs have diverse biomedical applications. Different culture media have been developed to procure and maintain ESCs in a state of naïve pluripotency, and to preserve a stable genome and epigenome during serial passaging. Chromatin modifications such as DNA methylation and histone modifications along with microRNA activity and different signaling pathways dynamically contribute to the regulation of the ESC gene regulatory network (GRN). Such modifications undergo remarkable changes in different ESC media and determine the quality and developmental potential of ESCs. In this review, we discuss the current approaches for derivation and maintenance of ESCs, and examine how differences in culture media impact on the characteristics of pluripotency via modulation of GRN during the course of ICM outgrowth into ESCs. We also summarize the current hypotheses concerning the origin of ESCs and provide a perspective about the relationship of these cells to their in vivo counterparts (early embryonic cells around the time of implantation). Finally, we discuss generation of ESCs from human embryos and domesticated animals, and offer suggestions to further advance this fascinating field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh-Nafiseh Hassani
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sharif Moradi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Taleahmad
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Thomas Braun
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodelling, Max-Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran.
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13
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Sun Z, Zhu M, Lv P, Cheng L, Wang Q, Tian P, Yan Z, Wen B. The Long Noncoding RNA Lncenc1 Maintains Naive States of Mouse ESCs by Promoting the Glycolysis Pathway. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 11:741-755. [PMID: 30174313 PMCID: PMC6135739 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The naive embryonic stem cells (nESCs) display unique characteristics compared with the primed counterparts, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Here we investigate the functional roles of Lncenc1, a highly abundant long noncoding RNA in nESCs. Knockdown or knockout of Lncenc1 in mouse nESCs leads to a significantly decreased expression of core pluripotency genes and a significant reduction of colony formation capability. Furthermore, upon the depletion of Lncenc1, the expression of glycolysis-associated genes is significantly reduced, and the glycolytic activity is substantially impaired, as indicated by a more than 50% reduction in levels of glucose consumption, lactate production, and extracellular acidification rate. Mechanistically, Lncenc1 interacts with PTBP1 and HNRNPK, which regulate the transcription of glycolytic genes, thereby maintaining the self-renewal of nESCs. Our results demonstrate the functions of Lncenc1 in linking energy metabolism and naive state of ESCs, which may enhance our understanding of the molecular basis underlying naive pluripotency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Minzhe Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Pin Lv
- MOE Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lu Cheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qianfeng Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Pengxiang Tian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zixiang Yan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Bo Wen
- The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
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14
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Kumari S, Vermeulen S, van der Veer B, Carlier A, de Boer J, Subramanyam D. Shaping Cell Fate: Influence of Topographical Substratum Properties on Embryonic Stem Cells. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2018; 24:255-266. [PMID: 29455619 PMCID: PMC7116060 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2017.0468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Development of multicellular organisms is a highly orchestrated process, with cells responding to factors and features present in the extracellular milieu. Changes in the surrounding environment help decide the fate of cells at various stages of development. This review highlights recent research that details the effects of mechanical properties of the surrounding environment and extracellular matrix and the underlying molecular mechanisms that regulate the behavior of embryonic stem cells (ESCs). In this study, we review the role of mechanical properties during embryogenesis and discuss the effect of engineered microtopographies on ESC pluripotency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarita Kumari
- National Center for Cell Science, SP Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Steven Vermeulen
- Laboratory for Cell Biology-Inspired Tissue Engineering, MERLN Institute, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ben van der Veer
- Laboratory for Cell Biology-Inspired Tissue Engineering, MERLN Institute, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Aurélie Carlier
- Laboratory for Cell Biology-Inspired Tissue Engineering, MERLN Institute, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan de Boer
- Laboratory for Cell Biology-Inspired Tissue Engineering, MERLN Institute, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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15
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Taleahmad S, Hassani SN, Hosseini Salekdeh G, Baharvand H. Metabolic Signature of Pluripotent Stem Cells. CELL JOURNAL 2018; 20:388-395. [PMID: 29845793 PMCID: PMC6004998 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2018.5514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Objective Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), with the capacity to self-renew and differentiate into all other cell types, are of benefit
in regenerative medicine applications. Tightly controlled gene expression networks and epigenetic factors regulate these
properties. In this study, we aim to evaluate the metabolic signature of pluripotency under 2i and R2i culture conditions versus
serum condition.
Materials and Methods In this experimental study, we investigated bioinformatics analysis of the shotgun proteomics
data for cells grown under 2i, R2i, and serum culture conditions. The findings were validated by cell cycle analysis and
gene expressions of the cells with flow cytometry and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction
(qRT-PCR), respectively.
Results Expressions of 163 proteins increased in 2i-grown cells and 181 proteins increased in R2i-grown cells versus
serum, which were mostly involved in glycolysis signaling pathway, oxidation-reduction, metabolic processes, amino
acid and lipid metabolism. Flow cytometry analysis showed significant accumulation of cells in S phase for 2i (70%)
and R2i (61%) grown cells.
Conclusion This study showed that under 2i and R2i conditions, glycolysis was highlighted for energy production
and used to maintain high levels of glycolytic intermediates to support cell proliferation. Cells grown under 2i and R2i
conditions showed rapid cell cycling in comparison with the cells grown under serum conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Taleahmad
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Nafiseh Hassani
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghasem Hosseini Salekdeh
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Systems Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Karaj, Iran.Electronic Address:
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.Electronic Address:
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16
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Abstract
The nuclear RNA exosome is an essential and versatile machinery that regulates maturation and degradation of a huge plethora of RNA species. The past two decades have witnessed remarkable progress in understanding the whole picture of its RNA substrates and the structural basis of its functions. In addition to the exosome itself, recent studies focusing on associated co-factors have been elucidating how the exosome is directed towards specific substrates. Moreover, it has been gradually realized that loss-of-function of exosome subunits affect multiple biological processes such as the DNA damage response, R-loop resolution, maintenance of genome integrity, RNA export, translation and cell differentiation. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the mechanisms of nuclear exosome-mediated RNA metabolism and discuss their physiological significance.
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17
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Alsanie WF, Niclis JC, Hunt CP, De Luzy IR, Penna V, Bye CR, Pouton CW, Haynes J, Firas J, Thompson LH, Parish CL. Specification of murine ground state pluripotent stem cells to regional neuronal populations. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16001. [PMID: 29167563 PMCID: PMC5700195 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16248-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are a valuable tool for interrogating development, disease modelling, drug discovery and transplantation. Despite the burgeoned capability to fate restrict human PSCs to specific neural lineages, comparative protocols for mouse PSCs have not similarly advanced. Mouse protocols fail to recapitulate neural development, consequently yielding highly heterogeneous populations, yet mouse PSCs remain a valuable scientific tool as differentiation is rapid, cost effective and an extensive repertoire of transgenic lines provides an invaluable resource for understanding biology. Here we developed protocols for neural fate restriction of mouse PSCs, using knowledge of embryonic development and recent progress with human equivalents. These methodologies rely upon naïve ground-state PSCs temporarily transitioning through LIF-responsive stage prior to neural induction and rapid exposure to regional morphogens. Neural subtypes generated included those of the dorsal forebrain, ventral forebrain, ventral midbrain and hindbrain. This rapid specification, without feeder layers or embryoid-body formation, resulted in high proportions of correctly specified progenitors and neurons with robust reproducibility. These generated neural progenitors/neurons will provide a valuable resource to further understand development, as well disorders affecting specific neuronal subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa F Alsanie
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,The Department of Medical Laboratories, The Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jonathan C Niclis
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Cameron P Hunt
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Isabelle R De Luzy
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Vanessa Penna
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Christopher R Bye
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Colin W Pouton
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - John Haynes
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jaber Firas
- The Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lachlan H Thompson
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Clare L Parish
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
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18
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Moradi S, Sharifi-Zarchi A, Ahmadi A, Mollamohammadi S, Stubenvoll A, Günther S, Salekdeh GH, Asgari S, Braun T, Baharvand H. Small RNA Sequencing Reveals Dlk1-Dio3 Locus-Embedded MicroRNAs as Major Drivers of Ground-State Pluripotency. Stem Cell Reports 2017; 9:2081-2096. [PMID: 29129685 PMCID: PMC5785679 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ground-state pluripotency is a cell state in which pluripotency is established and maintained through efficient repression of endogenous differentiation pathways. Self-renewal and pluripotency of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are influenced by ESC-associated microRNAs (miRNAs). Here, we provide a comprehensive assessment of the “miRNome” of ESCs cultured under conditions favoring ground-state pluripotency. We found that ground-state ESCs express a distinct set of miRNAs compared with ESCs grown in serum. Interestingly, most “ground-state miRNAs” are encoded by an imprinted region on chromosome 12 within the Dlk1-Dio3 locus. Functional analysis revealed that ground-state miRNAs embedded in the Dlk1-Dio3 locus (miR-541-5p, miR-410-3p, and miR-381-3p) promoted pluripotency via inhibition of multi-lineage differentiation and stimulation of self-renewal. Overall, our results demonstrate that ground-state pluripotency is associated with a unique miRNA signature, which supports ground-state self-renewal by suppressing differentiation. Ground-state pluripotency is associated with a unique miRNA signature Dlk1-Dio3 locus on 12qF1 encodes the majority of ground-state miRNAs Dlk1-Dio3 locus is hypomethylated in ground-state ESCs Ground-state miRNAs promote ESC self-renewal and inhibit differentiation
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharif Moradi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Banihashem Square, Banihashem Street, Ressalat Highway, Tehran 1665659911, Iran; Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Sharifi-Zarchi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Banihashem Square, Banihashem Street, Ressalat Highway, Tehran 1665659911, Iran; Computer Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Ahmadi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Banihashem Square, Banihashem Street, Ressalat Highway, Tehran 1665659911, Iran
| | - Sepideh Mollamohammadi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Banihashem Square, Banihashem Street, Ressalat Highway, Tehran 1665659911, Iran
| | - Alexander Stubenvoll
- Max-Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Cardiac Development and Remodelling, Ludwigstrasse 43, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Stefan Günther
- Max-Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Cardiac Development and Remodelling, Ludwigstrasse 43, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Ghasem Hosseini Salekdeh
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Banihashem Square, Banihashem Street, Ressalat Highway, Tehran 1665659911, Iran
| | - Sassan Asgari
- Australian Infectious Disease Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Thomas Braun
- Max-Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Cardiac Development and Remodelling, Ludwigstrasse 43, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany.
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Banihashem Square, Banihashem Street, Ressalat Highway, Tehran 1665659911, Iran; Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran.
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19
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Taleahmad S, Mirzaei M, Samadian A, Hassani SN, Haynes PA, Salekdeh GH, Baharvand H. Low Focal Adhesion Signaling Promotes Ground State Pluripotency of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells. J Proteome Res 2017; 16:3585-3595. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ghasem Hosseini Salekdeh
- Department
of Systems Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute of Iran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department
of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
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20
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Abazova N, Krijgsveld J. Advances in stem cell proteomics. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2017; 46:149-155. [PMID: 28806595 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells are at the basis of organismal development, characterized by their potential to differentiate towards specific lineages upon receiving proper signals. To understand the molecular principles underlying gain and loss of pluripotency, proteomics plays an increasingly important role owing to technical developments in mass spectrometry and implementation of innovative biochemical approaches. Here we review how quantitative proteomics has been used to investigate protein expression, localization, interaction and modification in stem cells both in vitro and in vivo, thereby complementing other omics approaches to study fundamental properties of stem cell plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nade Abazova
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Excellence Cluster CellNetworks, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jeroen Krijgsveld
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Excellence Cluster CellNetworks, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
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21
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Nanog Dynamics in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells: Results from Systems Biology Approaches. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:7160419. [PMID: 28684962 PMCID: PMC5480057 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7160419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), derived from the inner cell mass of the blastocyst, are pluripotent stem cells having self-renewal capability and the potential of differentiating into every cell type under the appropriate culture conditions. An increasing number of reports have been published to uncover the molecular mechanisms that orchestrate pluripotency and cell fate specification using combined computational and experimental methodologies. Here, we review recent systems biology approaches to describe the causes and functions of gene expression heterogeneity and complex temporal dynamics of pluripotency markers in mESCs under uniform culture conditions. In particular, we focus on the dynamics of Nanog, a key regulator of the core pluripotency network and of mESC fate. We summarize the strengths and limitations of different experimental and modeling approaches and discuss how various strategies could be used.
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Zhang F, Xu C, Ning L, Hu F, Shan G, Chen H, Yang M, Chen W, Yu J, Xu G. Exploration of Serum Proteomic Profiling and Diagnostic Model That Differentiate Crohn's Disease and Intestinal Tuberculosis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167109. [PMID: 27997555 PMCID: PMC5173341 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore the diagnostic models of Crohn's disease (CD), Intestinal tuberculosis (ITB) and the differential diagnostic model between CD and ITB by analyzing serum proteome profiles. METHODS Serum proteome profiles from 30 CD patients, 21 ITB patients and 30 healthy controls (HCs) were analyzed by using weak cationic magnetic beads combined with MALDI-TOF-MS technique to detect the differentially expressed proteins of serum samples. Three groups were made and compared accordingly: group of CD patients and HCs, group of ITB patients and HCs, group of CD patients and ITB patients. Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to screen the ten most differentiated protein peaks (P < 0.05). Genetic algorithm combining with support vector machine (SVM) was utilized to establish the optimal diagnostic models for CD, ITB and the optimal differential diagnostic model between CD and ITB. The predictive effects of these models were evaluated by Leave one out (LOO) cross validation method. RESULTS There were 236 protein peaks differently expressed between group of CD patients and HCs, 305 protein peaks differently expressed between group of ITB patients and HCs, 332 protein peaks differently expressed between group of CD patients and ITB patients. Ten most differentially expressed peaks were screened out between three groups respectively (P < 0.05) to establish diagnostic models and differential diagnostic model. A diagnostic model comprising of four protein peaks (M/Z 4964, 3029, 2833, 2900) can well distinguish CD patients and HCs, with a specificity and sensitivity of 96.7% and 96.7% respectively. A diagnostic model comprising four protein peaks (M/Z 3030, 2105, 2545, 4210) can well distinguish ITB patients and HCs, with a specificity and sensitivity of 93.3% and 95.2% respectively. A differential diagnostic model comprising three potential biomarkers protein peaks (M/Z 4267, 4223, 1541) can well distinguish CD patients and ITB patients, with a specificity and sensitivity of 76.2% and 80.0% respectively. Among the eleven protein peaks from the diagnostic models and differential diagnostic model, two have been successfully purified and identified, Those two peaks were M/Z 2900 from the diagnostic model between CD and HCs and M/Z 1541 from the differential diagnostic model between CD and ITB. M/Z 2900 was identified as appetite peptide, M/Z 1541 was identified as Lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL-2). CONCLUSION The differently expressed protein peaks analyzed by serum proteome with weak cationic magnetic beads combined MALDI-TOF-MS technique can effectively distinguish CD patients and HCs, ITB patients and HCs, CD patients and ITB patients. The diagnostic model between CD patients and HCs consisting of four protein peaks (M/Z 4964, 3029, 2833, 2900), the diagnostic model between ITB patients and HCs comprising four protein peaks (M/Z 3030, 2105, 2545, 4210) and the differential diagnostic model between CD patients and ITB patients comprising three protein peaks (M/Z 4267, 4223, 1541) had high specificity and sensitivity and can contribute to diagnoses of CD, ITB and the differential diagnosis between CD and ITB. Two proteins from the diagnostic model of CD and the differential diagnostic model between CD and ITB were identified. Further experiments are required using a larger cohort of samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenming Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chengfu Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Longgui Ning
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Fengling Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Guodong Shan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hongtan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wenguo Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jiekai Yu
- Department of Tumor Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Guoqiang Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- * E-mail:
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Yu Y, Qian Y, Du D, Xu C, Dai C, Li Q, Liu H, Shao J, Wu Z, Zhang W. SBP2 plays an important role in the virulence changes of different artificial mutants of Streptococcus suis. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2016; 12:1948-62. [DOI: 10.1039/c6mb00059b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Comparative proteomics analysis using the proteomes of the two mutants with different virulence found a promising putative virulence factor, SBP2, which can bind fibronectin and laminin.
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