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Yan Z, Lin S, Li F, Qiang J, Zhang S. Food nanotechnology: opportunities and challenges. Food Funct 2024; 15:9690-9706. [PMID: 39262316 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo02119c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Food nanotechnology, which applies nanotechnology to food systems ranging from food production to food processing, packaging, and transportation, provides tremendous opportunities for conventional food science and industry innovation and improvement. Although great progress and rapid growth have been achieved in food nanotechnology research owing to the unique food features rendered by nanotechnology, at a fundamental level, food nanotechnology is still in its initial stages and the potential adverse effects of nanomaterials are still a controversial problem that attract public attention. Food-derived nanomaterials, compared to some inorganic nanoparticles and synthetic organic macromolecules, can be digested rapidly and produce similar digestion products to those produced normally, which become the mainstream and trend for food nanotechnology in practical applications, and are expected to be a vital tool for addressing the security problem and easing public concerns. These food-derived materials enable the favourable characteristics of nanostructures to be combined with the safety, biocompatibility, and bioactivity of natural food. Very recently, diverse food-derived nanomaterials have been explored and widely applied in multiple fields. Herein, we thoroughly summarize the fabrication and development of nanomaterials for use in food technology, as well as the recent advances in the improvement of food quality, revolutionizing food supply, and boosting food industries based on foodborne nanomaterials. The current challenges in food nanotechnology are also discussed. We hope this review can provide a detailed reference for experts and food manufacturers and inspire researchers to participate in the development of food nanotechnology for highly efficient food industry growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyu Yan
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China.
| | - Songyi Lin
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Fanghan Li
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China.
| | - Jiaxin Qiang
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China.
| | - Simin Zhang
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
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2
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Singh D, Soorneedi AR, Vaze N, Domitrovic R, Sharp F, Lindsey D, Rohr A, Moore MD, Koutrakis P, Nardell E, Demokritou P. Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 surrogate inactivation on surfaces and in air using UV and blue light-based intervention technologies. JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION (1995) 2023; 73:200-211. [PMID: 36594726 DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2022.2157907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has created an urgent need to utilize existing and develop new intervention technologies for SARS-CoV-2 inactivation on surfaces and in the air. Ultraviolet (UV) technology has been shown to be an effective antimicrobial intervention. Here a study was conducted to determine the efficacy of commercially available UV and blue light-based devices for inactivating HCoV-229E, a surrogate of SARS-CoV-2. The results indicate that two UV devices designed for surface disinfection, with doses of 8.07 µJ/cm2 for the 254 nm device and 20.61 µJ/cm2 for the 275 nm device, were efficient in inactivating 4.94 logs of surface inoculated HCoV-229E. Additionally, a 222 nm UV device with intended ceiling-based operation was effective in inactivating 1.7 logs of the virus inoculated on surface, with a dose of 6 mJ/cm2. A ceiling-based device designed to emit blue light at 405 nm was found to produce 89% reduction in HCoV-229E inoculated on a surface for a dose of 78 J/cm2. Finally, the UV based 222 nm device was found to produce a 90% reduction in the concentration of airborne HCoV-229E, at a 55 µJ/cm2 dose. These results are indicative of the great potential of using UV based technology for the control of SARS-CoV-2.Implications: An important avenue of arresting COVID-19 and future pandemics caused by infectious pathogens is through environmental disinfection. To this effect, the study presented here evaluates commercially available UV and blue light based antimicrobial devices for their ability to kill the human coronavirus HCoV-229E, a surrogate of SARS-CoV-2, on surfaces and in air. The results indicate that two handheld UV devices produced complete inactivation of surface viral inoculum and a UVC ceiling based device produced 1 log reduction in HCoV-229E in air. These results imply the efficacy of UV technology as an antimicrobial tool, especially for rapid disinfection of indoor air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilpreet Singh
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anand R Soorneedi
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Nachiket Vaze
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Nanoscience and Advanced Materials Research Center, Rutgers Biomedical Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Ron Domitrovic
- The Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Frank Sharp
- The Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | | | - Annette Rohr
- The Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Matthew D Moore
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Petros Koutrakis
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ed Nardell
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Division of Global Health Equity, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Nanoscience and Advanced Materials Research Center, Rutgers Biomedical Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
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Ahmed MM, Hussein MMA, Saber T, Abd-Elhakim YM. Palliative Effect of Resveratrol against Nanosized Iron Oxide-Induced Oxidative Stress and Steroidogenesis-Related Genes Dysregulation in Testicular Tissue of Adult Male Rats. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19138171. [PMID: 35805830 PMCID: PMC9266693 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19138171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The nano-sized iron oxide (Fe2O3-NPs) is one of the most used engineered nanomaterials worldwide. This study investigated the efficacy of natural polyphenol resveratrol (RSV) (20 mg/kg b.wt, orally once daily) to alleviate the impaired sperm quality and testicular injury resulting from Fe2O3-NPs exposure (3.5 or 7 mg/kg b.wt, intraperitoneally once a week) for eight weeks. Spermiograms, sexual hormonal levels, oxidative stress indicators, and lipid peroxidation biomarker were assessed. Moreover, the steroidogenesis-related genes mRNA expressions were evaluated. The results showed that RSV substantially rescued Fe2O3-NPs-mediated sperm defects. Additionally, the Fe2O3-NPs-induced depressing effects on sperm motility and viability were markedly counteracted by RSV. Moreover, RSV significantly restored Fe2O3-NPs-induced depletion of testosterone, follicle-stimulated hormone, luteinizing hormone, and testicular antioxidant enzymes but reduced malondialdehyde content. Furthermore, the Fe2O3-NPs-induced downregulation of steroidogenesis-related genes (3 β-HSD, 17 β-HSD, and Nr5A1) was significantly counteracted in the testicular tissue of RSV-treated rats. These findings concluded that RSV could limit the Fe2O3-NPs-induced reduced sperm quality and testicular injury most likely via their antioxidant activity and steroidogenesis-related gene expression modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona M. Ahmed
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 4511, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed M. A. Hussein
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 4511, Egypt;
| | - Taisir Saber
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Yasmina M. Abd-Elhakim
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 4511, Egypt;
- Correspondence:
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Vaze N, Demokritou P. Using engineered water nanostructures (EWNS) for wound disinfection: Case study of Acinetobacter baumannii inactivation on skin and the inhibition of biofilm formation. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2022; 42:102537. [PMID: 35181526 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2022.102537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Engineered water nanostructures (EWNS) were utilized to deliver a cocktail of nature derived antimicrobials, to assess their efficacy as a solution to the problem of wound infections. The wound related microorganism Acinetobacter baumannii was inoculated on stainless steel and porcine skin and treated with EWNS. EWNS were able to reduce A. baumannii on stainless steel by 4.79 logs in 15 min, and 2 logs in 30 min on porcine skin. The EWNS were able to reduce the strength of A. baumannii biofilm on stainless steel by 87.31% as measured with the XTT assay (P < .001) and 86.27% in cellular counts (P < .001), after two EWNS interventions of 30 min each. Total antimicrobial dose delivered to the surface was 1.42 ng. SEM of biofilms after EWNS treatment showed reduced biomass. These results indicate that the EWNS technology has potential for application in field of wound disinfection and healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nachiket Vaze
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Henry Rutgers Chair in Nanoscience and Environmental Bioengineering at the Rutgers School of Public Health and Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Piscataway, NJ.
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Vaze N, Soorneedi AR, Moore MD, Demokritou P. Inactivating SARS-CoV-2 Surrogates on Surfaces Using Engineered Water Nanostructures Incorporated with Nature Derived Antimicrobials. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:1735. [PMID: 35630957 PMCID: PMC9146109 DOI: 10.3390/nano12101735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The continuing cases of COVID-19 due to emerging strains of the SARS-CoV-2 virus underscore the urgent need to develop effective antiviral technologies. A crucial aspect of reducing transmission of the virus is through environmental disinfection. To this end, a nanotechnology-based antimicrobial platform utilizing engineered water nanostructures (EWNS) was utilized to challenge the human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E), a surrogate of SARS-CoV-2, on surfaces. The EWNS were synthesized using electrospray and ionization of aqueous solutions of antimicrobials, had a size in the nanoscale, and contained both antimicrobial agents and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Various EWNS were synthesized using single active ingredients (AI) as well as their combinations. The results of EWNS treatment indicate that EWNS produced with a cocktail of hydrogen peroxide, citric acid, lysozyme, nisin, and triethylene glycol was able to inactivate 3.8 logs of HCoV-229E, in 30 s of treatment. The delivered dose of antimicrobials to the surface was measured to be in pico to nanograms. These results indicate the efficacy of EWNS technology as a nano-carrier for delivering a minuscule dose while inactivating HCoV-229E, making this an attractive technology against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nachiket Vaze
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Anand R. Soorneedi
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; (A.R.S.); (M.D.M.)
| | - Matthew D. Moore
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; (A.R.S.); (M.D.M.)
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
- Nanoscience and Advanced Materials Research Center, Rutgers Biomedical Health Sciences, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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Xu T, Wang Y, Aytac Z, Zuverza-Mena N, Zhao Z, Hu X, Ng KW, White JC, Demokritou P. Enhancing Agrichemical Delivery and Plant Development with Biopolymer-Based Stimuli Responsive Core-Shell Nanostructures. ACS NANO 2022; 16:6034-6048. [PMID: 35404588 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c11490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The inefficient delivery of agrichemicals in agrifood systems is among the leading cause of serious negative planetary and public health impacts. Such inefficiency is mainly attributed to the inability to deliver the agrichemicals at the right place (target), right time, and right dose. In this study, scalable, biodegradable, sustainable, biopolymer-based multistimuli responsive core-shell nanostructures were developed for smart agrichemical delivery. Three types of responsive core/shell nanostructures incorporated with model agrichemicals (i.e., CuSO4 and NPK fertilizer) were synthesized by coaxial electrospray, and the resulting nanostructures showed spherical morphology with an average diameter about 160 nm. Tunable agrichemical release kinetics were achieved by controlling the surface hydrophobicity of nanostructures. The pH and enzyme responsiveness was also demonstrated by the model analyte release kinetics (up to 7 days) in aqueous solution. Finally, the efficacy of the stimuli responsive nanostructures was evaluated in soil-based greenhouse studies using soybean and wheat in terms of photosynthesis efficacy and linear electron flow (LEF), two important metrics for seedling development and health. Findings confirmed plant specificity; for soybean, the nanostructures resulted in 34.3% higher value of relative chlorophyll content and 41.2% higher value of PS1 centers in photosystem I than the ionic control with equivalent agrichemical concentration. For wheat, the nanostructures resulted in 37.6% higher value of LEF than the ionic agrichemicals applied at 4 times higher concentration, indicating that the responsive core-shell nanostructure is an effective platform to achieve precision agrichemical delivery while minimizing inputs. Moreover, the Zn and Na content in the leaves of 4-week-old soybean seedlings were significantly increased with nanostructure amendment, indicating that the developed nanostructures can potentially be used to modulate the accumulation of other important micronutrients through a potential biofortification strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xu
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Nanoscience and Advanced Materials Center, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute (EOHSI), School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, Connecticut 06504, United States
| | - Zeynep Aytac
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Nubia Zuverza-Mena
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, Connecticut 06504, United States
| | - Zhitong Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xiao Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
- Environmental Chemistry and Materials Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, 637141, Singapore
| | - Kee Woei Ng
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
- Environmental Chemistry and Materials Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, 637141, Singapore
| | - Jason C White
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, Connecticut 06504, United States
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Nanoscience and Advanced Materials Center, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute (EOHSI), School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
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7
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Yang CP, Yu SH, Liu YC. Green and sustainable applications of energetic plasmon-activated water. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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8
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Singh D, Marrocco A, Wohlleben W, Park HR, Diwadkar AR, Himes BE, Lu Q, Christiani DC, Demokritou P. Release of particulate matter from nano-enabled building materials (NEBMs) across their lifecycle: Potential occupational health and safety implications. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 422:126771. [PMID: 34391975 PMCID: PMC8595827 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigates potential nanomaterial releases and occupational health risks across the lifecycle of nano-enabled building materials (NEBMs), namely, insulations and coatings. We utilized real-world degradation scenarios of a) sanding (mechanical), b) incineration (thermal), and c) accelerated UV-aging (environmental) followed by incineration. Extensive physicochemical characterization of the released lifecycle particulate matter (LCPM) was performed. The LCPM2.5 aerosol size fraction was used to assess the acute biological, cytotoxic and inflammatory effects on Calu-3 human lung epithelial cells. RNA-Seq analysis of exposed cells was performed to assess potential for systemic disease. Findings indicated that release dynamics and characteristics of LCPM depended on both the NEBM composition and the degradation scenario(s). Incineration emitted a much higher nanoparticle number concentration than sanding (nearly 4 orders of magnitude), which did not change with prior UV-aging. Released nanofillers during sanding were largely part of the matrix fragments, whereas those during incineration were likely physicochemically transformed. The LCPM from incineration showed higher bioactivity and inflammogenicity compared to sanding or sequential UV-aging and incineration, and more so when metallic nanofillers were present (such as Fe2O3). Overall, the study highlights the need for considering real-world exposure and toxicological data across the NEBM lifecycle to perform adequate risk assessments and to ensure workplace health and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilpreet Singh
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, 665 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Antonella Marrocco
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, 665 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Hae-Ryung Park
- Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Avantika R Diwadkar
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Blanca E Himes
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Quan Lu
- Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, 665 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David C Christiani
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, 665 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, 665 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Si J, Kirychuk S, Yang Y, Martel M, Thompson B, Zhang L, Predicala B, Guo H. Research Note: Evaluation of the efficacy of engineered water nanostructures in inactivating airborne bacteria in poultry houses. Poult Sci 2021; 101:101580. [PMID: 34922044 PMCID: PMC8686055 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Methods to control microbial contamination in confined livestock facilities are important to the health of both animals and workers. In addition, bacterial contamination is also a food safety issue. The most common disinfection technique employed in livestock facilities is the application of oxidizing agents (e.g., potassium peroxymonosulphate, chlorine, hydrogen peroxide, ozone). However, these techniques are associated with a number of limitations (e.g., toxicity, high cost, corrosiveness). Recently, engineered water nanostructures (EWNS) generated using an electrospray system was found effective in inactivating foodborne bacteria. Thus, this study investigated the efficacy of EWNS generated using a laboratory-scale electrospray system in inactivating bacteria found in poultry facilities. The effects of various operating conditions (distance between the injector and grounded electrode of the electrospray system, applied voltage, liquid pH and conductivity, liquid flow rate, and treatment time) on the efficacy were also assessed. In these various experiments, airborne bacterial samples were collected from a pullet room using tryptic soy agar plates and then exposed to EWNS under varying conditions. After treatment, the plates were incubated at 37°C prior to colony counting. Reductions in bacterial concentrations up to 1.26 logs were obtained. The results indicate that the EWNS generated by the electrospray system can be a potential chemical-free alternative to conventional disinfection methods. Future tests will focus on scaling up the system for larger scale trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Si
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5A9, Canada
| | - Shelley Kirychuk
- Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 0X8, Canada; Canadian Centre for Health & Safety in Agriculture, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 2Z4, Canada
| | - Yingjie Yang
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5A9, Canada
| | - Myra Martel
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5A9, Canada
| | - Brooke Thompson
- Canadian Centre for Health & Safety in Agriculture, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 2Z4, Canada
| | - Lifeng Zhang
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5A9, Canada.
| | | | - Huiqing Guo
- Mechanical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5A9, Canada
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Lee Y, Ng M, Daniel K, Wayne E. Rapid growth in the COVID-19 era. MRS BULLETIN 2021; 46:847-853. [PMID: 34608355 PMCID: PMC8480751 DOI: 10.1557/s43577-021-00185-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT From Operation Warp Speed to the lipid mRNA vaccine, the COVID-19 pandemic has been a watershed moment for technological development, production, and implementation. The scale and pace of innovation and global collaboration has likely not been experienced since World War II. This article highlights some of the engineering accomplishments that occurred during the pandemic. We provide a broad overview of the technological achievements in vaccine design, antibody engineering, drug repurposing, and rapid diagnostic testing. We also discuss what the future of these technologies and the future of large-scale collaborations might look like moving forward. GRAPHIC ABSTRACT
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Affiliation(s)
- Yerim Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Michelle Ng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Kristin Daniel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Elizabeth Wayne
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA USA
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Saravanakumar K, Sriram B, Sathiyaseelan A, Mariadoss AVA, Hu X, Han KS, Vishnupriya V, MubarakAli D, Wang MH. Synthesis, characterization, and cytotoxicity of starch-encapsulated biogenic silver nanoparticle and its improved anti-bacterial activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 182:1409-1418. [PMID: 33965484 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The present work reported synthesis, characterization, and biocompatibility of starch encapsulated silver nanoparticles (St-PF-AgNPs) and their antibacterial activity. The synthesis of St-PF-AgNPs involved in two steps: (i) synthesis of the biogenic silver nanoparticles using the fungal extracts (PF-AgNPs); and, (ii) encapsulation of starch in PF-AgNPs (St-PF-AgNPs). The surface plasmon resonance was found at 420 nm for the PF-AgNPs while it was at 260 and 420 nm for the St-PF-AgNPs. FTIR spectrum demonstrated the capping and encapsulation of the fungal extracts and starch in PF-AgNPs and St-PF-AgNPs. The XRD and TEM-EDS confirmed the crystalline nature, spherical-shaped , and polydispersed- PF-AgNPs and St-PF-AgNPs with strong signals of Ag. The St-PF-AgNPs showed a Z-average size of 115.2 d.nm and zeta potential of -17.8 (mV) as indicated by DLS and zeta potentials. The cytotoxicity results demonstrated higher toxicity of PF-AgNPs than St-PF-AgNPs in HEK293 cells. The antibacterial activity of St-PF-AgNPs were higher than PF-AgNPs in S. aureus. Overall, this work concluded that the starch encapsulation significantly increased the antibacterial activity of PF-AgNPs and this opens a new avenue for the treatment of bacterial infections through the sustained release of PF-AgNPs to target pathogenic bacterial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kandasamy Saravanakumar
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Bhaskaran Sriram
- School of Life Sciences, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600048, India
| | - Anbazhagan Sathiyaseelan
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Xiaowen Hu
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Seok Han
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Veeraraghavan Vishnupriya
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Davoodbasha MubarakAli
- School of Life Sciences, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600048, India.
| | - Myeong-Hyeon Wang
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Khare S, DeLoid GM, Molina RM, Gokulan K, Couvillion SP, Bloodsworth KJ, Eder EK, Wong AR, Hoyt DW, Bramer LM, Metz TO, Thrall BD, Brain JD, Demokritou P. Effects of ingested nanocellulose on intestinal microbiota and homeostasis in Wistar Han rats. NANOIMPACT 2020; 18:100216. [PMID: 32190784 PMCID: PMC7080203 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2020.100216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Micron scale cellulose materials are "generally regarded as safe" (GRAS) as binders and thickeners in food products. However, nanocellulose materials, which have unique properties that can improve food quality and safety, have not received US-Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval as food ingredients. In vitro and in vivo toxicological studies of ingested nanocellulose revealed minimal cytotoxicity, and no subacute in vivo toxicity. However, ingested materials may modulate gut microbial populations, or alter aspects of intestinal function not elucidated by toxicity testing, which could have important health implications. Here, we report the results of studies conducted in a rat gavage model to assess the effects of ingested cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) on the fecal microbiome and metabolome, intestinal epithelial expression of cell junction genes, and ileal cytokine production. Feces, plasma, and ilea were collected from Wistar Han rats before and after five weeks of biweekly gavages with water or cream, with or without 1% CNF. CNF altered microbial diversity, and diminished specific species that produce short chain fatty acids, and that are associated with increased serum insulin and IgA production. CNF had few effects on the fecal metabolome, with significant changes in only ten metabolites of 366 measured. Exposure to CNF also altered expression of epithelial cell junction genes, and increased production of cytokines that modulate proliferation of CD8 T cells. These perturbations likely represent initiation of an adaptive immune response, however, no associated pathology was seen within the duration of the study. Additional studies are needed to better understand the health implications of these changes in long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Khare
- Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food & Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Glen M. DeLoid
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ramon M. Molina
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kuppan Gokulan
- Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food & Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Sneha P. Couvillion
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Kent J. Bloodsworth
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Elizabeth K. Eder
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Allison R. Wong
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - David W. Hoyt
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Lisa M. Bramer
- Computing & Analytics Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Thomas O. Metz
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Brian D. Thrall
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Joseph D. Brain
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- corresponding author: Philip Demokritou,
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13
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Yang CP, Tsai HY, Tseng CL, Hao PJ, Liu YC. Strategy on Persisting in Distinct Activity of Plasmon-Activated Water. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:21197-21203. [PMID: 31867513 PMCID: PMC6921674 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The innovative plasmon-activated water (PAW) with reduced hydrogen bonds exhibits intrinsically distinct properties at room temperature, which are significantly different from the properties of untreated conventional deionized (DI) water. Examples of this are their ability to scavenge free radicals and higher vapor pressure. However, distinct properties of energetic PAW decay within the day after its creation in a metastable liquid state. In this work, we report a facile method for persisting its distinct activities by letting as-prepared PAW be quickly frozen in liquid nitrogen and letting the frozen PAW (for one month before further measurements) be quickly melted to room temperature in a warm-water bath (called treated PAW). Experimental results indicate that the activity of the higher evaporation rate of treated PAW compared to DI water can be maintained ca. 90% of magnitude, as compared to the as-prepared PAW. Also, its abilities to scavenge free hydroxyl and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals can be maintained at ca. 70 and 80% of magnitudes, respectively. Moreover, this strategy of quickly freezing and melting treatments to PAW on persisting in distinct activity of PAW is effective in oxygen evolution reactions. This promises the stored energy and the distinct property of created liquid PAW being available in water-related fields after long-term storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ping Yang
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of
Medicine, College of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials
and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate Institute
of Medical Science, College of Medicine, and Cell Physiology and Molecular Image
Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei
Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yen Tsai
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of
Medicine, College of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials
and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate Institute
of Medical Science, College of Medicine, and Cell Physiology and Molecular Image
Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei
Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Li Tseng
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of
Medicine, College of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials
and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate Institute
of Medical Science, College of Medicine, and Cell Physiology and Molecular Image
Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei
Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jun Hao
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of
Medicine, College of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials
and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate Institute
of Medical Science, College of Medicine, and Cell Physiology and Molecular Image
Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei
Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chuan Liu
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of
Medicine, College of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials
and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate Institute
of Medical Science, College of Medicine, and Cell Physiology and Molecular Image
Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei
Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
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14
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Tsuda A, Donaghey TC, Konduru NV, Pyrgiotakis G, Van Winkle LS, Zhang Z, Edwards P, Bustamante JM, Brain JD, Demokritou P. Age-Dependent Translocation of Gold Nanoparticles across the Air-Blood Barrier. ACS NANO 2019; 13:10095-10102. [PMID: 31397554 PMCID: PMC6929694 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b03019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Do immature lungs have air-blood barriers that are more permeable to inhaled nanoparticles than those of fully developed mature lungs? Data supporting this notion and explaining the underlying mechanisms do not exist as far as we know. Using a rat model of postnatal lung development, here the data exactly supporting this notion, that is, significantly more gold nanoparticles (NPs) cross from the air space of the lungs to the rest of the body in neonates than in adults, are presented. Moreover, in neonates the translocation of gold NPs is not size dependent, whereas in adult animals smaller NPs cross the air-blood lung barrier much more efficiently than larger NPs. This difference in air-blood permeability in neonate versus adult animals suggests that NP translocation in the immature lungs may follow different rules than in mature lungs. Supporting this notion, we propose that the paracellular transport route may play a more significant role in NP translocation in immature animals, as suggested by protein expression studies. Findings from this study are critical to design optimal ways of inhalation drug delivery using NP nanocarriers for this age group, as well as for better understanding of the potential adverse health effects of nanoparticle exposures in infants and young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Tsuda
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Thomas C. Donaghey
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Nagarjun V. Konduru
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Georgios Pyrgiotakis
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Laura S. Van Winkle
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Zhenyuan Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Patricia Edwards
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Jessica-Miranda Bustamante
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Joseph D. Brain
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Phillip Demokritou
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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15
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Yang CP, Wu YH, Tsai HY, Yang JC, Liu YC. Plasmon-Activated Water can Prolong Existing Sea-Ice Habitats to Potentially Save Polar Bears. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10398. [PMID: 31320695 PMCID: PMC6639346 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46867-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to increasing global warming resulting from the greenhouse effect, subsequent environmental impacts and corresponding ecological influences are unavoidable. These problems are becoming more serious with time. Due to rising temperatures, the survival crisis of polar bears is a very often reported issue, because polar bears are encountering shortened seasons for catching prey on their sea-ice habitat. In this work, we report an innovative and facile strategy to save polar bears via prolonging the existence of ice layers based on plasmon-activated water (PAW). PAW with a reduced hydrogen-bonded network can be created by letting bulk deionized (DI) water flow through supported gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) under resonant illumination. Experimental results indicated that the freezing time of PAW was faster than that of DI water. In contrast, the melting time of frozen PAW was slower than that of the frozen DI water. Because the PAW with reduced hydrogen bonds (HBs) is in a high-energy state, it can more easily transform into a stronger HB structure in a low-energy state during cooling when freezing. This is accompanied by the release of more available energy, resulting in more-perfect tetrahedral symmetrical ice. Similar results were observed for solutions with 3 wt% NaCl, which is similar to the salinity of sea water. Moreover, the heat required to melt frozen PAW was ca. 7.6% higher than that of frozen DI water. These interesting phenomena suggest that prolonging the existence of solid ice can be achieved in a PAW-based system. Moreover, a system of AuNP-coated filter paper in DI water or in a DI water solution (3 wt% NaCl) under resonant illumination could work to prolong the presence of solid ice, compared to a system of AuNP-free filter paper. This innovative concept has emerged as a practical strategy to save polar bears and for other related applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ping Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St., Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hao Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St., Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yen Tsai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St., Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Chang Yang
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St., Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chuan Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St., Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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16
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DeLoid GM, Cao X, Molina RM, Silva DI, Bhattacharya K, Ng KW, Loo SCJ, Brain JD, Demokritou P. Toxicological effects of ingested nanocellulose in in vitro intestinal epithelium and in vivo rat models. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. NANO 2019; 6:2105-2115. [PMID: 32133146 PMCID: PMC7055654 DOI: 10.1039/c9en00184k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose is widely used as a thickener and filler in foods and drugs. It has been designated "generally regarded as safe" (GRAS). Nanocellulose (NC) has many additional potential applications designed to improve food quality and safety, but has not yet been designated as GRAS. Here we present results of toxicological studies of ingested NC in physiologically relevant in vitro and in vivo systems. In vitro studies employed a gastrointestinal tract simulator to digest two widely-used forms of NC, nanocellulose fibrils (CNF) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), at 0.75 and 1.5% w/w, in a fasting diet as well as in a standardized food model based on the average American diet. A triculture model of small intestinal epithelium was used to assess effects of a 24-hour incubation with the digested products (digesta) on cell layer integrity, cytotoxicity and oxidative stress. Other than a 10% increase over controls in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production with 1.5% w/w CNC, no significant changes in cytotoxicity, ROS or monolayer integrity were observed. In vivo toxicity was evaluated in rats gavaged twice weekly for five weeks with 1% w/w suspensions of CNF in either water or cream. Blood, serum, lung, liver, kidney, and small intestine were collected for analysis. No significant differences in hematology, serum markers or histology were observed between controls and rats given CNF suspensions. These findings suggest that ingested NC has little acute toxicity, and is likely non-hazardous when ingested in small quantities. Additional chronic feeding studies are required to assess long term effects, and potential detrimental effects on the gut microbiome and absorbance of essential micronutrients. These studies are underway, and their outcome will be reported in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glen M. DeLoid
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- corresponding authors: Philip Demokritou, , Glen M. DeLoid,
| | - Xiaoqiong Cao
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ramon M. Molina
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Daniel Imbassahy Silva
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kunal Bhattacharya
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kee Woei Ng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
- Environmental Chemistry and Materials Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore 637141
| | - Say Chye Joachim Loo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
| | - Joseph D. Brain
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- corresponding authors: Philip Demokritou, , Glen M. DeLoid,
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17
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Zhu L, Liu Y, Ding X, Wu X, Sand W, Zhou H. A novel method for textile odor removal using engineered water nanostructures. RSC Adv 2019; 9:17726-17736. [PMID: 35520538 PMCID: PMC9064573 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra01988j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The malodor attached to textiles not only causes indoor environmental pollution but also endangers people's health even at low concentrations. Existing technologies cannot effectively eliminate the odor. Herein, an effective and environmentally friendly technology was proposed to address this challenging issue. This technology utilizes electrospraying process to produce Engineered Water Nanostructures (EWNS) in a controllable manner. Upon application of a high voltage to the Taylor cone, EWNS can be generated from the condensed vapor water through a Peltier element. Smoking, cooking and perspiration, considered the typical indoor malodorous gases emitted from human activities, were studied in this paper. A headspace SPME method in conjunction with GC-MS was employed for the extraction, detection and quantification of any odor residues. Results indicated that EWNS played a significant role in the deodorization process with removal efficiencies for the three odors were 95.3 ± 0.1%, 100.0 ± 0.0% and 43.7 ± 2.3%, respectively. The Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) contained in the EWNS, mainly hydroxyl (OH˙) and superoxide radicals are the possible mechanisms for the odor removal. These ROS are strong oxidative and highly reactive and have the ability to convert odorous compounds to non-odorous compounds through various chemical reaction mechanisms. This study showed clearly the potential of the proposed method in the field of odor removal and can be applied in the battle against indoor air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisha Zhu
- Fashion Institute, Donghua University Shanghai 200051 P. R. China
- Shanghai International Institute of Design & Innovation Shanghai 200080 P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Clothing Design & Technology, Donghua University, Ministry of Education Shanghai 200051 P. R. China
| | - Yanbiao Liu
- Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University 2999 North Renmin Road Shanghai 201620 P. R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security 1239 Siping Road Shanghai 200092 P. R. China
| | - Xuemei Ding
- Fashion Institute, Donghua University Shanghai 200051 P. R. China
- Shanghai International Institute of Design & Innovation Shanghai 200080 P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Clothing Design & Technology, Donghua University, Ministry of Education Shanghai 200051 P. R. China
| | - Xiongying Wu
- Shanghai Customs District Shanghai 200002 P. R. China
| | - Wolfgang Sand
- Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University 2999 North Renmin Road Shanghai 201620 P. R. China
- Institute of Biosciences, Freiberg University of Mining and Technology Freiberg 09599 Germany
| | - Huiling Zhou
- Fashion Institute, Donghua University Shanghai 200051 P. R. China
- Shanghai International Institute of Design & Innovation Shanghai 200080 P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Clothing Design & Technology, Donghua University, Ministry of Education Shanghai 200051 P. R. China
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18
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Vaze N, Pyrgiotakis G, McDevitt J, Mena L, Melo A, Bedugnis A, Kobzik L, Eleftheriadou M, Demokritou P. Inactivation of common hospital acquired pathogens on surfaces and in air utilizing engineered water nanostructures (EWNS) based nano-sanitizers. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2019; 18:234-242. [PMID: 30904585 PMCID: PMC6588479 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Infectious diseases represent a major public health challenge worldwide. There are various modes for the transmission of these diseases, with surface and airborne transmission being two of the most important ones. The inefficiencies of current intervention methods have resulted in the emergence of nosocomial infections. Here, we report the use of a nanotechnology based antimicrobial platform using Engineered Water Nanostructures (EWNS) generated using a combined electrospray and ionization of an aqueous suspension of various active ingredients (AIs). These EWNS based nano-sanitizers were tested in terms of their ability to efficiently deliver AI and inactivate Acinetobacter baumannii and influenza H1N1/PR/8 on both surfaces and air. Results indicate a significant reduction in the concertation of the pathogens, while the delivered to pathogen AI doses required for inactivation were miniscule (nanogram level), indicating the viability of such nano-carrier platform as an intervention technology against infectious microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nachiket Vaze
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Georgios Pyrgiotakis
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James McDevitt
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lucas Mena
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adler Melo
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alice Bedugnis
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lester Kobzik
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mary Eleftheriadou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA; School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
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19
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Atkinson AJ, Apul OG, Schneider O, Garcia-Segura S, Westerhoff P. Nanobubble Technologies Offer Opportunities To Improve Water Treatment. Acc Chem Res 2019; 52:1196-1205. [PMID: 30958672 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Since first hypothesizing the existence of nanobubbles (NBs) in 1994, the empirical study of NB properties and commercialization of NB generators have rapidly evolved. NBs are stable spherical packages of gas within liquid and are operationally defined as having diameters less than 1000 nm, though they are typically in the range of 100 nm in one dimension. While theories still lack the ability to explain empirical evidence for formation of stable NBs in water, numerous NB applications have emerged in different fields, including water and wastewater purification where NBs offer the potential to replace or improve efficiency of current treatment processes. The United Nations identifies access to safe drinking water as a human right, and municipal and industrial wastewaters require purification before they enter water bodies. These protections require treatment technologies to remove naturally occurring (e.g., arsenic, chromium, fluoride, manganese, radionuclides, salts, selenium, natural organic matter, algal toxins), or anthropogenic (e.g., nitrate, phosphate, solvents, fuel additives, pharmaceuticals) chemicals and particles (e.g., virus, bacteria, oocysts, clays) that cause toxicity or aesthetic problems to make rivers, lakes, seawater, groundwater, or wastewater suitable for beneficial use or reuse in complex and evolving urban and rural water systems. NBs raise opportunities to improve current or enable new technologies for producing fewer byproducts and achieving safer water. This account explores the potential to exploit the unique properties of NBs for improving water treatment by answering key questions and proposing research opportunities regarding (1) observational versus theoretical existence of NBs, (2) ability of NBs to improve gas transfer into water or influence gas trapped on particle surfaces, (3) ability to produce quasi-stable reactive oxygen species (ROS) on the surface of NBs to oxidize pollutants and pathogens in water, (4) ability to improve particle aggregation through intraparticle NB bridging, and (5) ability to mitigate fouling on surfaces. We conclude with key insights and knowledge gaps requiring research to advance the use of NBs for water purification. Among the highest priorities is to develop techniques that measure NB size and surface properties in complex drinking and wastewater chemistries, which contain salts, organics, and a wide variety of inorganic and organic colloids. In the authors' opinion, ROS production by NB may hold the greatest promise for usage in water treatment because it allows movement away from chemical-based oxidants (chlorine, ozone) that are costly, dangerous to handle, and produce harmful byproducts while helping achieve important treatment goals (e.g., destruction of organic pollutants, pathogens, biofilms). Because of the low chemical requirements to form NBs, NB technologies could be distributed throughout rapidly changing and increasingly decentralized water treatment systems in both developed and developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel J. Atkinson
- Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-5306, United States
| | - Onur G. Apul
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States
| | - Orren Schneider
- Orren Schneider LLC, Plainsboro, New Jersey 08536, United States
| | - Sergi Garcia-Segura
- Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-5306, United States
| | - Paul Westerhoff
- Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-5306, United States
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20
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Salari M, Bitounis D, Bhattacharya K, Pyrgiotakis G, Zhang Z, Purington E, Gramlich W, Grondin Y, Rogers R, Bousfield D, Demokritou P. Development & Characterization of Fluorescently Tagged Nanocellulose for Nanotoxicological Studies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. NANO 2019; 6:1516-1526. [PMID: 31844523 PMCID: PMC6914317 DOI: 10.1039/c8en01381k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The rapid adoption of nanocellulose-based engineered nanomaterials (CNM) by many industries generates environmental health and safety (EHS) concerns. This work presents the development of fluorescently tagged CNM which can be used to study their interactions with biological systems. Specifically, cellulose nano-fibrils and cellulose nano-crystals with covalently attached fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) molecules on their surface were synthesized. The fluorescence of the FITC-tagged materials was assessed along with potential FITC detachment under pH conditions encountered in the human gastrointestinal tract, in intracellular compartments, and in cell culture media. Finally, the potential cytotoxicity due to the presence of FITC molecules on the surface of CNM was assessed using a cellular gut epithelium model. The results showed that neither FITC-CNF nor FITC-CNC were cytotoxic and that they have a comparable bioactivity to their untagged counterparts, rendering them suitable for biological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Salari
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 07016, USA
| | - Dimitrios Bitounis
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 07016, USA
| | - Kunal Bhattacharya
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 07016, USA
| | - Georgios Pyrgiotakis
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 07016, USA
| | - Zhenyuan Zhang
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 07016, USA
| | - Emilia Purington
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Maine, Orono ME 04469 USA
| | - William Gramlich
- Department of Chemistry, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469 USA
| | - Yohann Grondin
- Department of Environmental Health, Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 07016, USA
| | - Rick Rogers
- Department of Environmental Health, Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 07016, USA
| | - Douglas Bousfield
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Maine, Orono ME 04469 USA
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 07016, USA
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21
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Lübbert C, Peukert W. How to avoid interfering electrochemical reactions in ESI-MS analysis. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2019; 54:301-310. [PMID: 30508323 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The presence of electrochemical reactions occurring in an electrospray processes at the point where the current enters the liquid is discussed since the early 1990's. This current transfer to the liquid results in oxidation or reduction of either electrolyte species in the liquid sprayed or of the electrode material in contact with the liquid. As a result, new chemical species are generated. These products of the electrochemical reaction might be detected as altered species in mass spectra; they might be volatile and not recognized at all or accumulate on the electrode surface and cause cross contamination later on. In other cases, it might happen that the products of the electrochemical reactions are the only detectable species formed from an otherwise nondetectable analyte. An electrospray setup in which electrochemical reactions do not interfere with the analyte under investigation excludes the electrochemical reaction as source of sample contamination and sample altering and may serve as reference setup for experiments focused on the electrochemical reaction itself. We present a simple and inexpensive current coupling approach and specify operation conditions for which any impact of the electrochemical reaction on the sample under investigation is inherently excluded. On the basis of a practical example, we show the impact of the electrochemical reaction on sample composition and demonstrate the benefit of using the proposed current coupling method. Because of the obvious benefit of this method and its simple realization, it has the potential to be employed as standard feeding approach, especially for electrosprays operated at small flow rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Lübbert
- FAU Erlangen-Nuremberg, Institute of Particle Technology, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Peukert
- FAU Erlangen-Nuremberg, Institute of Particle Technology, Erlangen, Germany
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22
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Yang CP, Hong CT, Mai FD, Tsai HY, Liu YC. Increasing electrochemical reaction rates using treated water with reduced hydrogen bonds. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2019.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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23
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McClements DJ. Food Nanotechnology: Harnessing the Power of the Miniature World Inside Our Foods. FUTURE FOODS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-12995-8_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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24
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Vaze N, Pyrgiotakis G, Mena L, Baumann R, Demokritou A, Ericsson M, Zhang Y, Bello D, Eleftheriadou M, Demokritou P. A nano-carrier platform for the targeted delivery of nature-inspired antimicrobials using Engineered Water Nanostructures for food safety applications. Food Control 2018; 96:365-374. [PMID: 32132770 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite the progress in the area of food safety, foodborne diseases still represent a massive challenge to the public health systems worldwide, mainly due to the substantial inefficiencies across the farm-to-fork continuum. Here, we report the development of a nano-carrier platform, for the targeted and precise delivery of antimicrobials for the inactivation of microorganisms on surfaces using Engineered Water Nanostructures (EWNS). An aqueous suspension of an active ingredient (AI) was used to synthesize iEWNS, with the 'i' denoting the AI used in their synthesis, using a combined electrospray and ionization process. The iEWNS possess unique, active-ingredient-dependent physicochemical properties: i) they are engineered to have a tunable size in the nanoscale; ii) they have excessive electric surface charge, and iii) they contain both the reactive oxygen species (ROS) formed due to the ionization of deionized (DI) water, and the AI used in their synthesis. Their charge can be used in combination with an electric field to target them onto a surface of interest. In this approach, a number of nature-inspired antimicrobials, such as H2O2, lysozyme, citric acid, and their combination, were used to synthesize a variety of iEWNS-based nano-sanitizers. It was demonstrated through foodborne-pathogen-inactivation experiments that due to the targeted and precise delivery, and synergistic effects of AI and ROS incorporated in the iEWNS structure, a pico- to nanogram-level dose of the AI delivered to the surface using this nano-carrier platform is capable of achieving 5-log reductions in minutes of exposure time. This aerosol-based, yet 'dry' intervention approach using iEWNS nano-carrier platform offers advantages over current 'wet' techniques that are prevalent commercially, which require grams of the AI to achieve similar inactivation, leading to increased chemical risks and chemical waste byproducts. Such a targeted nano-carrier approach has the potential to revolutionize the delivery of antimicrobials for sterilization in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nachiket Vaze
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Georgios Pyrgiotakis
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lucas Mena
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Robert Baumann
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alexander Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Maria Ericsson
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yipei Zhang
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dhimiter Bello
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mary Eleftheriadou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, 6 Diogenous St., Nicosia 2404, Cyprus
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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25
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DeLoid GM, Sohal IS, Lorente LR, Molina RM, Pyrgiotakis G, Stevanovic A, Zhang R, McClements DJ, Geitner NK, Bousfield DW, Ng KW, Loo SCJ, Bell DC, Brain J, Demokritou P. Reducing Intestinal Digestion and Absorption of Fat Using a Nature-Derived Biopolymer: Interference of Triglyceride Hydrolysis by Nanocellulose. ACS NANO 2018; 12:6469-6479. [PMID: 29874029 PMCID: PMC6535802 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b03074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Engineered nanomaterials are increasingly added to foods to improve quality, safety, or nutrition. Here we report the ability of ingested nanocellulose (NC) materials to reduce digestion and absorption of ingested fat. In the small intestinal phase of an acellular simulated gastrointestinal tract, the hydrolysis of free fatty acids (FFA) from triglycerides (TG) in a high-fat food model was reduced by 48.4% when NC was added at 0.75% w/w to the food, as quantified by pH stat titration, and by 40.1% as assessed by fluorometric FFA assay. Furthermore, translocation of TG and FFA across an in vitro cellular model of the intestinal epithelium was significantly reduced by the presence of 0.75% w/w NC in the food (TG by 52% and FFA by 32%). Finally, in in vivo experiments, the postprandial rise in serum TG 1 h after gavage with the high fat food model was reduced by 36% when 1.0% w/w NC was administered with the food. Scanning electron microscopy and molecular dynamics studies suggest two primary mechanisms for this effect: (1) coalescence of fat droplets on fibrillar NC (CNF) fibers, resulting in a reduction of available surface area for lipase binding and (2) sequestration of bile salts, causing impaired interfacial displacement of proteins at the lipid droplet surface and impaired solubilization of lipid digestion products. Together these findings suggest a potential use for NC, as a food additive or supplement, to reduce absorption of ingested fat and thereby assist in weight loss and the management of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glen M. DeLoid
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ikjot Singh Sohal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering & Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA
| | - Laura R Lorente
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ramon M. Molina
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Georgios Pyrgiotakis
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ana Stevanovic
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ruojie Zhang
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | | | - Nicholas K. Geitner
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering & Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Douglas W. Bousfield
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
| | - Kee Woei Ng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
| | - Say Chye Joachim Loo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
| | - David C. Bell
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Joseph Brain
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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26
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Yang CP, Liu YC. Therapeutics for Inflammatory-Related Diseases Based on Plasmon-Activated Water: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1589. [PMID: 29843406 PMCID: PMC6032129 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
It is recognized that the properties of liquid water can be markedly different from those of bulk one when it is in contact with hydrophobic surfaces or is confined in nano-environments. Because our knowledge regarding water structure on the molecular level of dynamic equilibrium within a picosecond time scale is far from completeness all of water's conventionally known properties are based on inert "bulk liquid water" with a tetrahedral hydrogen-bonded structure. Actually, the strength of water's hydrogen bonds (HBs) decides its properties and activities. In this review, an innovative idea on preparation of metastable plasmon-activated water (PAW) with intrinsically reduced HBs, by letting deionized (DI) water flow through gold-supported nanoparticles (AuNPs) under resonant illumination at room temperature, is reported. Compared to DI water, the created stable PAW can scavenge free hydroxyl and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals and effectively reduce NO release from lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory cells. Moreover, PAW can dramatically induce a major antioxidative Nrf2 gene in human gingival fibroblasts. This further confirms its cellular antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. In addition, innovatively therapeutic strategy of daily drinking PAW on inflammatory-related diseases based on animal disease models is demonstrated, examples being chronic kidney disease (CKD), chronic sleep deprivation (CSD), and lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ping Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Chuan Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
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27
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Chen HC, Liu YC. Creating functional water by treating excited gold nanoparticles for the applications of green chemistry, energy and medicine: A review. J IND ENG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2017.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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28
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Cohen JM, Beltran-Huarac J, Pyrgiotakis G, Demokritou P. Effective delivery of sonication energy to fast settling and agglomerating nanomaterial suspensions for cellular studies: Implications for stability, particle kinetics, dosimetry and toxicity. NANOIMPACT 2018; 10:81-86. [PMID: 29479575 PMCID: PMC5823521 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Typical in vitro assays used for high throughput toxicological screening and measuring nano-bio interactions are conducted by pipetting suspensions of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) dispersed in nutrient-rich culture media directly onto cells. In order to achieve fairly monodisperse and stable suspensions of small agglomerates, ultrasonic energy is usually applied to break apart large agglomerates that can form upon suspension in liquid. Lack of standardized protocols and methods for delivering sonication energy can introduce variability in the ENM suspension properties (e.g. agglomerate size, polydispersity, suspension stability over time), and holds significant implications for in vitro dosimetry, toxicity, and other nano-bio interactions. Careful assessment of particle transformations during dispersion preparation and sonication is therefore critical for accurate interpretation of in vitro toxicity studies. In this short communication, the difficulties of preparing stable suspensions of rapidly settling ENMs are presented. Furthermore, methods to optimize the delivery of the critical sonication energy required to break large agglomerates and prepare stable, fairly monodispersed suspensions of fast settling ENMs are presented. A methodology for the efficient delivery of sonication energy in a discrete manner is presented and validated using various rapidly agglomerating and settling ENMs. The implications of continuous vs. discrete sonication on average hydrodynamic diameter, and polydispersity was also assessed for both fast and slow settling ENMs. For the rapidly agglomerating and settling ENMs (Ag15%/SiO2, Ag and CeO2), the proposed discrete sonication achieved a significant reduction in the agglomerate diameter and polydispersity. In contrast, the relatively slow agglomerating and settling Fe2O3 suspension did not exhibit statistically significant differences in average hydrodynamic diameter or polydispersity between the continuous and discrete sonication approaches. Our results highlight the importance of using the proposed material-specific discrete sonication method to effectively deliver the critical sonication energy necessary to reproducibly achieve stable and fairly monodispersed suspensions that are suitable for in vitro toxicity testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel M. Cohen
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Ave Boston, MA 02115
| | - Juan Beltran-Huarac
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Ave Boston, MA 02115
| | - Georgios Pyrgiotakis
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Ave Boston, MA 02115
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Ave Boston, MA 02115
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29
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Nanotechnology in the food sector and potential applications for the poultry industry. Trends Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2017.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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30
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Vaze N, Jiang Y, Mena L, Zhang Y, Bello D, Leonard SS, Morris AM, Eleftheriadou M, Pyrgiotakis G, Demokritou P. An integrated electrolysis - electrospray - ionization antimicrobial platform using Engineered Water Nanostructures (EWNS) for food safety applications. Food Control 2017; 85:151-160. [PMID: 29332999 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Engineered water nanostructures (EWNS) synthesized utilizing electrospray and ionization of water, have been, recently, shown to be an effective, green, antimicrobial platform for surface and air disinfection, where reactive oxygen species (ROS), generated and encapsulated within the particles during synthesis, were found to be the main inactivation mechanism. Herein, the antimicrobial potency of the EWNS was further enhanced by integrating electrolysis, electrospray and ionization of de-ionized water in the EWNS synthesis process. Detailed physicochemical characterization of these enhanced EWNS (eEWNS) was performed using state-of-the-art analytical methods and has shown that, while both size and charge remain similar to the EWNS (mean diameter of 13 nm and charge of 13 electrons), they possess a three times higher ROS content. The increase of the ROS content as a result of the addition of the electrolysis step before electrospray and ionization led to an increased antimicrobial ability as verified by E. coli inactivation studies using stainless steel coupons. It was shown that a 45-minute exposure to eEWNS resulted in a 4-log reduction as opposed to a 1.9-log reduction when exposed to EWNS. In addition, the eEWNS were assessed for their potency to inactivate natural microbiota (total viable and yeast and mold counts), as well as, inoculated E.coli on the surface of fresh organic blackberries. The results showed a 97% (1.5-log) inactivation of the total viable count, a 99% (2-log) reduction in the yeast and mold count and a 2.5-log reduction of the inoculated E.coli after 45 minutes of exposure, without any visual changes to the fruit. This enhanced antimicrobial activity further underpins the EWNS platform as an effective, dry and chemical free approach suitable for a variety of food safety applications and could be ideal for delicate fresh produce that cannot withstand the classical, wet disinfection treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nachiket Vaze
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yi Jiang
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lucas Mena
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yipei Zhang
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dhimiter Bello
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Stephen S Leonard
- Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - Anna M Morris
- Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - Mary Eleftheriadou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Life Sciences, European University Cyprus 6, Diogenis St., Nicosia-Cyprus
| | - Georgios Pyrgiotakis
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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31
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Mustafa F, Hassan RYA, Andreescu S. Multifunctional Nanotechnology-Enabled Sensors for Rapid Capture and Detection of Pathogens. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 17:E2121. [PMID: 28914769 PMCID: PMC5621351 DOI: 10.3390/s17092121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterial-based sensing approaches that incorporate different types of nanoparticles (NPs) and nanostructures in conjunction with natural or synthetic receptors as molecular recognition elements provide opportunities for the design of sensitive and selective assays for rapid detection of contaminants. This review summarizes recent advancements over the past ten years in the development of nanotechnology-enabled sensors and systems for capture and detection of pathogens. The most common types of nanostructures and NPs, their modification with receptor molecules and integration to produce viable sensing systems with biorecognition, amplification and signal readout are discussed. Examples of all-in-one systems that combine multifunctional properties for capture, separation, inactivation and detection are also provided. Current trends in the development of low-cost instrumentation for rapid assessment of food contamination are discussed as well as challenges for practical implementation and directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Mustafa
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA.
| | - Rabeay Y A Hassan
- Applied Organic Chemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), El Bohouth st., Dokki, 12622-Giza, Egypt.
| | - Silvana Andreescu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA.
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32
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Singh D, Schifman LA, Watson-Wright C, Sotiriou GA, Oyanedel-Craver V, Wohlleben W, Demokritou P. Nanofiller Presence Enhances Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) Profile on Nanoparticles Released during Thermal Decomposition of Nano-enabled Thermoplastics: Potential Environmental Health Implications. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:5222-5232. [PMID: 28397486 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b06448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Nano-enabled products are ultimately destined to reach end-of-life with an important fraction undergoing thermal degradation through waste incineration or accidental fires. Although previous studies have investigated the physicochemical properties of released lifecycle particulate matter (called LCPM) from thermal decomposition of nano-enabled thermoplastics, critical questions about the effect of nanofiller on the chemical composition of LCPM still persist. Here, we investigate the potential nanofiller effects on the profiles of 16 Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)-priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) adsorbed on LCPM from thermal decomposition of nano-enabled thermoplastics. We found that nanofiller presence in thermoplastics significantly enhances not only the total PAH concentration in LCPM but most importantly also the high molecular weight (HMW, 4-6 ring) PAHs that are considerably more toxic than the low molecular weight (LMW, 2-3 ring) PAHs. This nano-specific effect was also confirmed during in vitro cellular toxicological evaluation of LCPM for the case of polyurethane thermoplastic enabled with carbon nanotubes (PU-CNT). LCPM from PU-CNT shows significantly higher cytotoxicity compared to PU which could be attributed to its higher HMW PAH concentration. These findings are crucial and make the case that nanofiller presence in thermoplastics can significantly affect the physicochemical and toxicological properties of LCPM released during thermal decomposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilpreet Singh
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University , 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Laura Arabella Schifman
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Rhode Island , 1 Lippitt Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
- National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, United States
| | - Christa Watson-Wright
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University , 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Georgios A Sotiriou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University , 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Vinka Oyanedel-Craver
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Rhode Island , 1 Lippitt Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | | | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University , 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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33
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Stueckle TA, Davidson DC, Derk R, Kornberg TG, Schwegler-Berry D, Pirela SV, Deloid G, Demokritou P, Luanpitpong S, Rojanasakul Y, Wang L. Evaluation of tumorigenic potential of CeO 2 and Fe 2O 3 engineered nanoparticles by a human cell in vitro screening model. NANOIMPACT 2017; 6:39-54. [PMID: 28367517 PMCID: PMC5372702 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
With rapid development of novel nanotechnologies that incorporate engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) into manufactured products, long-term, low dose ENM exposures in occupational settings is forecasted to occur with potential adverse outcomes to human health. Few ENM human health risk assessment efforts have evaluated tumorigenic potential of ENMs. Two widely used nano-scaled metal oxides (NMOs), cerium oxide (nCeO2) and ferric oxide (nFe2O3) were screened in the current study using a sub-chronic exposure to human primary small airway epithelial cells (pSAECs). Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), a known ENM tumor promoter, was used as a positive control. Advanced dosimetry modeling was employed to ascertain delivered vs. administered dose in all experimental conditions. Cells were continuously exposed in vitro to deposited doses of 0.18 μg/cm2 or 0.06 μg/cm2 of each NMO or MWCNT, respectively, over 6 and 10 weeks, while saline- and dispersant-only exposed cells served as passage controls. Cells were evaluated for changes in several cancer hallmarks, as evidence for neoplastic transformation. At 10 weeks, nFe2O3- and MWCNT-exposed cells displayed a neoplastic-like transformation phenotype with significant increased proliferation, invasion and soft agar colony formation ability compared to controls. nCeO2-exposed cells showed increased proliferative capacity only. Isolated nFe2O3 and MWCNT clones from soft agar colonies retained their respective neoplastic-like phenotypes. Interestingly, nFe2O3-exposed cells, but not MWCNT cells, exhibited immortalization and retention of the neoplastic phenotype after repeated passaging (12 - 30 passages) and after cryofreeze and thawing. High content screening and protein expression analyses in acute exposure ENM studies vs. immortalized nFe2O3 cells, and isolated ENM clones, suggested that long-term exposure to the tested ENMs resulted in iron homeostasis disruption, an increased labile ferrous iron pool, and subsequent reactive oxygen species generation, a well-established tumorigenesis promotor. In conclusion, sub-chronic exposure to human pSAECs with a cancer hallmark screening battery identified nFe2O3 as possessing neoplastic-like transformation ability, thus suggesting that further tumorigenic assessment is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd A. Stueckle
- HELD, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown WV, 26505
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown WV, 26506
- Corresponding Author: Todd A. Stueckle, , Phone: 304 285-6098
| | - Donna C. Davidson
- HELD, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown WV, 26505
| | - Raymond Derk
- HELD, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown WV, 26505
| | - Tiffany G. Kornberg
- HELD, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown WV, 26505
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown WV, 26506
| | | | - Sandra V. Pirela
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston MA
| | - Glen Deloid
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston MA
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston MA
| | - Sudjit Luanpitpong
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Yon Rojanasakul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown WV, 26506
| | - Liying Wang
- HELD, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown WV, 26505
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Jiang Y, Sokorai K, Pyrgiotakis G, Demokritou P, Li X, Mukhopadhyay S, Jin T, Fan X. Cold plasma-activated hydrogen peroxide aerosol inactivates Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Listeria innocua and maintains quality of grape tomato, spinach and cantaloupe. Int J Food Microbiol 2017; 249:53-60. [PMID: 28319798 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of aerosolized hydrogen peroxide in inactivating bacteria and maintaining quality of grape tomatoes, baby spinach leaves and cantaloupes. Stem scars and smooth surfaces of tomatoes, spinach leaves, and cantaloupe rinds, inoculated with Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium and Listeria innocua, were treated for 45s followed by additional 30min dwell time with hydrogen peroxide (7.8%) aerosols activated by atmospheric cold plasma. Non-inoculated samples were used to study the effects on quality and native microflora populations. Results showed that two ranges of hydrogen peroxide droplets with mean diameters of 40nm and 3.0μm were introduced into the treatment chamber. The aerosolized hydrogen peroxide treatment reduced S. Typhimurium populations by 5.0logCFU/piece, and E. coli O157:H7 and L. innocua populations from initial levels of 2.9 and 6.3logCFU/piece, respectively, to non-detectable levels (detection limit 0.6logCFU/piece) on the smooth surface of tomatoes. However, on the stem scar area of tomatoes, the reductions of E. coli O157:H7, S. Typhimurium, and L. innocua were only 1.0, 1.3, and 1.3 log, respectively. On the cantaloupe rind, the treatment reduced populations of E. coli O157:H7, S. Typhimurium and L. innocua by 4.9, 1.3, and 3.0logCFU/piece, respectively. Under the same conditions, reductions achieved on spinach leaves were 1.5, 4.2 and 4.0 log for E. coli O157:H7, S. Typhimurium and L. innocua, respectively. The treatments also significantly reduced native aerobic plate count, and yeasts and mold count of tomato fruits and spinach leaves. Furthermore, firmness and color of the samples were not significantly affected by the aerosolized hydrogen peroxide. Overall, our results showed that the efficacy of aerosolized hydrogen peroxide depended on type of inoculated bacteria, location of bacteria and type of produce items, and aerosolized hydrogen peroxide could potentially be used to sanitize fresh fruits and vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunbin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Tianjin University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Kimberly Sokorai
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, 600 E. Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA
| | - Georgios Pyrgiotakis
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xihong Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Tianjin University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Sudarsan Mukhopadhyay
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, 600 E. Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA
| | - Tony Jin
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, 600 E. Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA
| | - Xuetong Fan
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, 600 E. Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA.
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DeLoid GM, Cohen JM, Pyrgiotakis G, Demokritou P. Preparation, characterization, and in vitro dosimetry of dispersed, engineered nanomaterials. Nat Protoc 2017; 12:355-371. [PMID: 28102836 DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2016.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Evidence continues to grow of the importance of in vitro and in vivo dosimetry in the hazard assessment and ranking of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs). Accurate dose metrics are particularly important for in vitro cellular screening to assess the potential health risks or bioactivity of ENMs. To ensure meaningful and reproducible quantification of in vitro dose, with consistent measurement and reporting between laboratories, it is necessary to adopt standardized and integrated methodologies for (i) generation of stable ENM suspensions in cell culture media; (ii) colloidal characterization of suspended ENMs, particularly of properties that determine particle kinetics in an in vitro system (size distribution and formed agglomerate effective density); and (iii) robust numerical fate and transport modeling for accurate determination of the ENM dose delivered to cells over the course of the in vitro exposure. Here we present an integrated comprehensive protocol based on such a methodology for in vitro dosimetry, including detailed standardized procedures for each of these three critical aims. The entire protocol requires ∼6-12 h to complete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glen M DeLoid
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, HSPH-NIEHS Nanosafety Research Center, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joel M Cohen
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, HSPH-NIEHS Nanosafety Research Center, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Georgios Pyrgiotakis
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, HSPH-NIEHS Nanosafety Research Center, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, HSPH-NIEHS Nanosafety Research Center, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Kerry RG, Gouda S, Das G, Vishnuprasad CN, Patra JK. Agricultural Nanotechnologies: Current Applications and Future Prospects. Microb Biotechnol 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-6847-8_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Nanotechnology to the rescue: using nano-enabled approaches in microbiological food safety and quality. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2016; 44:87-93. [PMID: 27992831 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2016.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Food safety and quality assurance is entering a new era. Interventions along the food supply chain must become more efficient in safeguarding public health and the environment and must address numerous challenges and new consumption trends. Current methods of microbial control to assure the safety of food and minimize microbial spoilage have each shown inefficiencies. Nanotechnology is a rapidly expanding area in the agri/feed/food sector. Nano-enabled approaches such as antimicrobial food-contact surfaces/packaging, nano-enabled sensors for rapid pathogen/contaminant detection and nano-delivered biocidal methods, currently on the market or at a developmental stage, show great potential for the food industry. Concerns on potential risks to human health and the environment posed by use of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in food applications must, however, be adequately evaluated at the developmental stage to ensure consumer's acceptance.
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Thombre RS, Shinde V, Thaiparambil E, Zende S, Mehta S. Antimicrobial Activity and Mechanism of Inhibition of Silver Nanoparticles against Extreme Halophilic Archaea. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1424. [PMID: 27679615 PMCID: PMC5020055 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Haloarchaea are salt-loving halophilic microorganisms that inhabit marine environments, sea water, salterns, and lakes. The resistance of haloarchaea to physical extremities that challenge organismic survival is ubiquitous. Metal and antibiotic resistance of haloarchaea has been on an upsurge due to the exposure of these organisms to metal sinks and drug resistance genes augmented in their natural habitats due to anthropogenic activities and environmental pollution. The efficacy of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) as a potent and broad spectrum inhibitory agent is known, however, there are no reports on the inhibitory activity of SNPs against haloarchaea. In the present study, we have investigated the antimicrobial potentials of SNPs synthesized using aqueous leaf extract of Cinnamomum tamala against antibiotic resistant haloarchaeal isolates Haloferax prahovense RR8, Haloferax lucentense RR15, Haloarcula argentinensis RR10 and Haloarcula tradensis RR13. The synthesized SNPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The SNPs demonstrated potent antimicrobial activity against the haloarchaea with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 300-400 μg/ml. Growth kinetics of haloarchaea in the presence of SNPs was studied by employing the Baranyi mathematical model for microbial growth using the DMFit curve fitting program. The C. tamala SNPs also demonstrated cytotoxic activity against human lung adenocarcinoma epithelial cell line (A540) and human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7). The mechanism of inhibition of haloarchaea by the SNPs was investigated. The plausible mechanism proposed is the alterations and disruption of haloarchaeal membrane permeability by turbulence, inhibition of respiratory dehydrogenases and lipid peroxidation causing cellular and DNA damage resulting in cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca S. Thombre
- Department of Biotechnology, Modern College of Arts, Science and CommercePune, India
| | - Vinaya Shinde
- Department of Biotechnology, Modern College of Arts, Science and CommercePune, India
| | - Elvina Thaiparambil
- Department of Biotechnology, Modern College of Arts, Science and CommercePune, India
| | - Samruddhi Zende
- Department of Biotechnology, Modern College of Arts, Science and CommercePune, India
| | - Sourabh Mehta
- National Center for Nanosciences and Nanotechnology, University of MumbaiMumbai, India
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DeLoid G, Casella B, Pirela S, Filoramo R, Pyrgiotakis G, Demokritou P, Kobzik L. Effects of engineered nanomaterial exposure on macrophage innate immune function. NANOIMPACT 2016; 2:70-81. [PMID: 29568809 PMCID: PMC5860825 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Increasing use of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) means increased human exposures. Potential adverse effects include those on the immune system, ranging from direct toxicity to impairment of defenses against environmental pathogens and toxins. Effects on lung macrophages may be especially prominent, because they serve to clear foreign materials like ENMs and bacterial pathogens. We investigated the effects of 4 hour exposures over a range of concentrations, of a panel of industry-relevant ENMs, including SiO2, Fe2O3, ZnO, CeO2, TiO2, and an Ag/SiO2 composite, on human THP-1 macrophages. Effects on phagocytosis of latex beads, and phagocytosis and killing of Francisella tularensis (FT), as well as viability, oxidative stress and mitochondrial integrity, were measured by automated scanning confocal microscopy and image analysis. Results revealed some notable patterns: 1) Phagocytosis of unopsonized beads was increased, whereas that of opsonized beads was decreased, by all ENMs, with the exception of ZnO, which reduced both opsonized and unopsonized uptake; 2) Uptake of opsonized and unopsonized FT was either impaired or unaffected by all ENMs, with the exception of CeO2, which increased phagocytosis of unopsonized FT; 3) Macrophage killing of FT tended to improve with all ENMs; and 4) Viability was unaffected immediately following exposures with all ENMs tested, but was significantly decreased 24 hours after exposures to Ag/SiO2 and ZnO ENMs. The results reveal a complex landscape of ENM effects on macrophage host defenses, including both enhanced and reduced capacities, and underscore the importance of robust hazard assessment, including immunotoxicity assessment, of ENMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glen DeLoid
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
- corresponding author: Glen M. DeLoid,
| | - Beatriz Casella
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra Pirela
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Rose Filoramo
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Georgios Pyrgiotakis
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Lester Kobzik
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
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