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Soto-Garita C, Murillo T, Chávez-Peraza I, Campos-Ávila J, Prado-Hidalgo G, Drexler JF, Moreira-Soto A, Corrales-Aguilar E. Epidemiological, virological and clinical characterization of a Dengue/Zika outbreak in the Caribbean region of Costa Rica 2017-2018. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1421744. [PMID: 38988809 PMCID: PMC11233455 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1421744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The increase in incidence and geographical expansion of viruses transmitted by the Aedes mosquitoes, such as dengue (DENV) and zika (ZIKV) in the Americas, represents a burden for healthcare systems in tropical and subtropical regions. These and other under-detected arboviruses co-circulate in Costa Rica, adding additional complexity to their management due to their shared epidemiological behavior and similarity of symptoms in early stages. Since diagnostics of febrile illness is mostly based on clinical symptoms alone, we gathered acute-phase serum and urine from 399 samples of acute dengue-like cases from two healthcare facilities of Costa Rica, during an outbreak of arboviruses from July 2017 to May 2018, and tested them using molecular and serological methods. The analyses showed that of the clinically presumptive arbovirus cases that were reported, only 39.4% (n=153) of the samples were confirmed positive by RT-PCR to be DENV (DENV (10.3%), CHIKV (0.2%), ZIKV (27.3%), or mixed infections (1.5%). RT-PCR for other alphaviruses and flaviviruses, and PCR for Leptospira sp were negative. Furthermore, to assess flavivirus positivity in post-acute patients, the negative sera were tested against Dengue-IgM. 20% of sera were found positive, confounding even more the definitive number of cases, and emphasizing the need of several distinct diagnostic tools for accurate diagnostics. Molecular characterization of the prM and E genes from isolated viruses revealed that the American/Asian genotype of DENV-2 and the Asian lineage of ZIKV were circulating during this outbreak. Two different clades of DENV-2 American/Asian genotype were identified to co-circulate in the same region and a difference in the platelet and leukocyte count was noted between people infected with each clade, suggesting a putative distinct virulence. Our study sheds light on the necessity for healthcare strategies in managing arbovirus outbreaks, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive molecular and serological diagnostic approaches, as well as molecular characterization. This approach aids in enhancing our understanding of the clinical and epidemiological aspects of arboviral diseases during outbreaks. Our research highlights the need to strengthen training programs for health professionals and the need to increase research-based on laboratory evidence for diagnostic accuracy, guidance, development and implementation of public health interventions and epidemiological surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Soto-Garita
- Research Center for Tropical Diseases (CIET) and Faculty of Microbiology, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
- National Reference Centre for Virology, Costa Rican Institute for Research and Education on Nutrition and Health (INCIENSA), San José, Costa Rica
| | - Tatiana Murillo
- Research Center for Tropical Diseases (CIET) and Faculty of Microbiology, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Ileana Chávez-Peraza
- Siquirres Integral Healthcare Center (CAIS), Costa Rican Social Security Fund (CCSS), Limón, Costa Rica
| | - Josué Campos-Ávila
- Siquirres Integral Healthcare Center (CAIS), Costa Rican Social Security Fund (CCSS), Limón, Costa Rica
| | - Grace Prado-Hidalgo
- Talamanca Healthcare Center, Costa Rican Social Security Fund (CCSS), Limón, Costa Rica
| | - Jan Felix Drexler
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Virology, Berlin, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Associated Partner Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andres Moreira-Soto
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Virology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eugenia Corrales-Aguilar
- Research Center for Tropical Diseases (CIET) and Faculty of Microbiology, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
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2
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Zhao L, Guo X, Li L, Jing Q, Ma J, Xie T, Lin D, Li L, Yin Q, Wang Y, Zhang X, Li Z, Liu X, Hu T, Hu M, Ren W, Li J, Peng J, Yu L, Peng Z, Hong W, Leng X, Luo L, Ngobeh JJK, Tang X, Wu R, Zhao W, Shi B, Liu J, Yang Z, Chen XG, Zhou X, Zhang F. Phylodynamics unveils invading and diffusing patterns of dengue virus serotype-1 in Guangdong, China from 1990 to 2019 under a global genotyping framework. Infect Dis Poverty 2024; 13:43. [PMID: 38863070 PMCID: PMC11165891 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-024-01211-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The strong invasiveness and rapid expansion of dengue virus (DENV) pose a great challenge to global public health. However, dengue epidemic patterns and mechanisms at a genetic scale, particularly in term of cross-border transmissions, remain poorly understood. Importation is considered as the primary driver of dengue outbreaks in China, and since 1990 a frequent occurrence of large outbreaks has been triggered by the imported cases and subsequently spread to the western and northern parts of China. Therefore, this study aims to systematically reveal the invasion and diffusion patterns of DENV-1 in Guangdong, China from 1990 to 2019. METHODS These analyses were performed on 179 newly assembled genomes from indigenous dengue cases in Guangdong, China and 5152 E gene complete sequences recorded in Chinese mainland. The genetic population structure and epidemic patterns of DENV-1 circulating in Chinese mainland were characterized by phylogenetics, phylogeography, phylodynamics based on DENV-1 E-gene-based globally unified genotyping framework. RESULTS Multiple serotypes of DENV were co-circulating in Chinese mainland, particularly in Guangdong and Yunnan provinces. A total of 189 transmission clusters in 38 clades belonging to 22 subgenotypes of genotype I, IV and V of DENV-1 were identified, with 7 Clades of Concern (COCs) responsible for the large outbreaks since 1990. The epidemic periodicity was inferred from the data to be approximately 3 years. Dengue transmission events mainly occurred from Great Mekong Subregion-China (GMS-China), Southeast Asia (SEA), South Asia Subcontinent (SASC), and Oceania (OCE) to coastal and land border cities respectively in southeastern and southwestern China. Specially, Guangzhou was found to be the most dominant receipting hub, where DENV-1 diffused to other cities within the province and even other parts of the country. Genome phylogeny combined with epidemiological investigation demonstrated a clear local consecutive transmission process of a 5C1 transmission cluster (5C1-CN4) of DENV-1 in Guangzhou from 2013 to 2015, while the two provinces of Guangdong and Yunnan played key roles in ongoing transition of dengue epidemic patterns. In contextualizing within Invasion Biology theories, we have proposed a derived three-stage model encompassing the stages of invasion, colonization, and dissemination, which is supposed to enhance our understanding of dengue spreading patterns. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the invasion and diffusion process of DENV-1 in Chinese mainland within a global genotyping framework, characterizing the genetic diversities of viral populations, multiple sources of importation, and periodic dynamics of the epidemic. These findings highlight the potential ongoing transition trends from epidemic to endemic status offering a valuable insight into early warning, prevention and control of rapid spreading of dengue both in China and worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingzhai Zhao
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510440, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiang Guo
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Emerging Infectious Diseases of Guangdong Higher Institutes; Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China of Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Liqiang Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Southern University of Science and Technology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases (Tuberculosis), Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Tuberculosis, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qinlong Jing
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, China
| | - Jinmin Ma
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Tian Xie
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Emerging Infectious Diseases of Guangdong Higher Institutes; Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China of Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | | | - Li Li
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Qingqing Yin
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Emerging Infectious Diseases of Guangdong Higher Institutes; Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China of Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yuji Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Emerging Infectious Diseases of Guangdong Higher Institutes; Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China of Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Emerging Infectious Diseases of Guangdong Higher Institutes; Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China of Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ziyao Li
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Emerging Infectious Diseases of Guangdong Higher Institutes; Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China of Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Emerging Infectious Diseases of Guangdong Higher Institutes; Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China of Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Tian Hu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Emerging Infectious Diseases of Guangdong Higher Institutes; Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China of Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Minling Hu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Emerging Infectious Diseases of Guangdong Higher Institutes; Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China of Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wenwen Ren
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Emerging Infectious Diseases of Guangdong Higher Institutes; Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China of Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jun Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research On Emergency in TCM, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Jie Peng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510440, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiqiang Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511430, China
| | - Wenxin Hong
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510440, Guangdong, China
| | - Xingyu Leng
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510440, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Luo
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, China
| | - Jone Jama Kpanda Ngobeh
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Emerging Infectious Diseases of Guangdong Higher Institutes; Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China of Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xiaoping Tang
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510440, Guangdong, China
| | - Rangke Wu
- The School of Foreign Studies, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- BSL-3 Laboratory(Guangdong), School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Benyun Shi
- College of Computer and Information Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Jiming Liu
- Department of Computer Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Zhicong Yang
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, China.
| | - Xiao-Guang Chen
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Emerging Infectious Diseases of Guangdong Higher Institutes; Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China of Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Xiaohong Zhou
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Emerging Infectious Diseases of Guangdong Higher Institutes; Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China of Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Fuchun Zhang
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510440, Guangdong, China.
- Guangzhou Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Infectious Disease Center, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510440, China.
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3
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Hussain Z, Rani S, Ma F, Li W, Shen W, Gao T, Wang J, Pei R. Dengue determinants: Necessities and challenges for universal dengue vaccine development. Rev Med Virol 2023; 33:e2425. [PMID: 36683235 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Dengue illness can range from mild illness to life-threatening haemorrhage. It is an Aedes-borne infectious disease caused by the dengue virus, which has four serotypes. Each serotype acts as an independent infectious agent. The antibodies against one serotype confer homotypic immunity but temporary protection against heterotypic infection. Dengue has become a growing health concern for up to one third of the world's population. Currently, there is no potent anti-dengue medicine, and treatment for severe dengue relies on intravenous fluid management and pain medications. The burden of dengue dramatically increases despite advances in vector control measures. These factors underscore the need for a vaccine. Various dengue vaccine strategies have been demonstrated, that is, live attenuated vaccine, inactivated vaccine, DNA vaccine, subunit vaccine, and viral-vector vaccines, some of which are at the stage of clinical testing. Unfortunately, the forefront candidate vaccine is less than satisfactory, and its performance depends on serostatus and age factors. The lessons from clinical studies depicted ambiguity concerning the efficacy of dengue vaccine. Our study highlighted that viral structural heterogeneity, epitope accessibility, autoimmune complications, genetic variants, genetic diversities, antigen competition, virulence variation, host-pathogen specific interaction, antibody-dependent enhancement, cross-reactive immunity among Flaviviruses, and host-susceptibility determinants not only influence infection outcomes but also hampered successful vaccine development. This review integrates dengue determinants allocated necessities and challenges, which would provide insight for universal dengue vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahid Hussain
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, China.,CAS Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China.,Molecular Virology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Comsats University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saima Rani
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Comsats University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fanshu Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, China.,CAS Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Wenqi Shen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Tian Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Jine Wang
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, China.,CAS Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Renjun Pei
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, China.,CAS Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
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4
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Zerfu B, Kassa T, Legesse M. Epidemiology, biology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and diagnosis of dengue virus infection, and its trend in Ethiopia: a comprehensive literature review. Trop Med Health 2023; 51:11. [PMID: 36829222 PMCID: PMC9950709 DOI: 10.1186/s41182-023-00504-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue fever is a dengue virus infection, emerging rapidly and posing public health threat worldwide, primarily in tropical and subtropical countries. Nearly half of the world's population is now at risk of contracting the dengue virus, including new countries with no previous history-like Ethiopia. However, little is known about the epidemiology and impact of the disease in different countries. This is especially true in countries, where cases have recently begun to be reported. This review aims to summarize epidemiology, biology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and diagnosis of dengue virus infection and its trend in Ethiopia. It may help countries, where dengue fever is not yet on the public health list-like Ethiopia to alert healthcare workers to consider the disease for diagnosis and treatment. The review retrieved and incorporated 139 published and organizational reports showing approximately 390 million new infections. About 100 million of these infections develop the clinical features of dengue, and thousands of people die annually from severe dengue fever in 129 countries. It is caused by being bitten by a dengue virus-infected female mosquito, primarily Aedes aegypti and, lesser, Ae. albopictus. Dengue virus is a member of the Flavivirus genus of the Flaviviridae family and has four independent but antigen-related single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus serotypes. The infection is usually asymptomatic but causes illnesses ranging from mild febrile illness to fatal dengue hemorrhagic fever or shock syndrome. Diagnosis can be by detecting the virus genome using nucleic acids amplification tests or testing NS1 antigen and/or anti-dengue antibodies from serum, plasma, circulating blood cells, or other tissues. Dengue cases and outbreaks have increased in recent decades, with a significant public health impact. Ethiopia has had nearly annual outbreaks since 2013, devastating an already fragmented health system and economy. Standardization of medication, population-level screening for early diagnosis and prompt treatment, and minimization of mosquito bites reduce overall infection and mortality rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biruk Zerfu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. .,Aklilu Lema Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| | - Tesfu Kassa
- grid.7123.70000 0001 1250 5688Aklilu Lema Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Mengistu Legesse
- grid.7123.70000 0001 1250 5688Aklilu Lema Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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5
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Yu X, Cheng G. Contribution of phylogenetics to understanding the evolution and epidemiology of dengue virus. Animal Model Exp Med 2022; 5:410-417. [PMID: 36245335 PMCID: PMC9610151 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) is one of the most important arboviral pathogens in the tropics and subtropics, and nearly one‐third of the world's population is at risk of infection. The transmission of DENV involves a sylvatic cycle between nonhuman primates (NHP) and Aedes genus mosquitoes, and an endemic cycle between human hosts and predominantly Aedes aegypti. DENV belongs to the genus Flavivirus of the family Flaviviridae and consists of four antigenically distinct serotypes (DENV‐1‐4). Phylogenetic analyses of DENV have revealed its origin, epidemiology, and the drivers that determine its molecular evolution in nature. This review discusses how phylogenetic research has improved our understanding of DENV evolution and how it affects viral ecology and improved our ability to analyze and predict future DENV emergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yu
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China.,Institute of Pathogenic Organisms, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China.,School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Gong Cheng
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China.,Institute of Pathogenic Organisms, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
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6
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Li L, Guo X, Zhang X, Zhao L, Li L, Wang Y, Xie T, Yin Q, Jing Q, Hu T, Li Z, Wu R, Zhao W, Xin SX, Shi B, Liu J, Xia S, Peng Z, Yang Z, Zhang F, Chen XG, Zhou X. A unified global genotyping framework of dengue virus serotype-1 for a stratified coordinated surveillance strategy of dengue epidemics. Infect Dis Poverty 2022; 11:107. [PMID: 36224651 PMCID: PMC9556283 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-022-01024-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue is the fastest spreading arboviral disease, posing great challenges on global public health. A reproduceable and comparable global genotyping framework for contextualizing spatiotemporal epidemiological data of dengue virus (DENV) is essential for research studies and collaborative surveillance. METHODS Targeting DENV-1 spreading prominently in recent decades, by reconciling all qualified complete E gene sequences of 5003 DENV-1 strains with epidemiological information from 78 epidemic countries/areas ranging from 1944 to 2018, we established and characterized a unified global high-resolution genotyping framework using phylogenetics, population genetics, phylogeography, and phylodynamics. RESULTS The defined framework was discriminated with three hierarchical layers of genotype, subgenotype and clade with respective mean pairwise distances 2-6%, 0.8-2%, and ≤ 0.8%. The global epidemic patterns of DENV-1 showed strong geographic constraints representing stratified spatial-genetic epidemic pairs of Continent-Genotype, Region-Subgenotype and Nation-Clade, thereby identifying 12 epidemic regions which prospectively facilitates the region-based coordination. The increasing cross-transmission trends were also demonstrated. The traditional endemic countries such as Thailand, Vietnam and Indonesia displayed as persisting dominant source centers, while the emerging epidemic countries such as China, Australia, and the USA, where dengue outbreaks were frequently triggered by importation, showed a growing trend of DENV-1 diffusion. The probably hidden epidemics were found especially in Africa and India. Then, our framework can be utilized in an accurate stratified coordinated surveillance based on the defined viral population compositions. Thereby it is prospectively valuable for further hampering the ongoing transition process of epidemic to endemic, addressing the issue of inadequate monitoring, and warning us to be concerned about the cross-national, cross-regional, and cross-continental diffusions of dengue, which can potentially trigger large epidemics. CONCLUSIONS The framework and its utilization in quantitatively assessing DENV-1 epidemics has laid a foundation and re-unveiled the urgency for establishing a stratified coordinated surveillance platform for blocking global spreading of dengue. This framework is also expected to bridge classical DENV-1 genotyping with genomic epidemiology and risk modeling. We will promote it to the public and update it periodically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiang Li
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xiang Guo
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Emerging Infectious Diseases of Guangdong Higher Institutes, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhang
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Emerging Infectious Diseases of Guangdong Higher Institutes, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Lingzhai Zhao
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yuji Wang
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Emerging Infectious Diseases of Guangdong Higher Institutes, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Tian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Emerging Infectious Diseases of Guangdong Higher Institutes, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Qingqing Yin
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Emerging Infectious Diseases of Guangdong Higher Institutes, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Qinlong Jing
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, China
| | - Tian Hu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Emerging Infectious Diseases of Guangdong Higher Institutes, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ziyao Li
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Emerging Infectious Diseases of Guangdong Higher Institutes, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Rangke Wu
- School of Foreign Studies, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- BSL-3 Laboratory (Guangdong), School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Sherman Xuegang Xin
- Laboratory of Biophysics, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Benyun Shi
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Jiming Liu
- Department of Computer Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Shang Xia
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases at Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Zhiqiang Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511430, China
| | - Zhicong Yang
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, China
| | - Fuchun Zhang
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xiao-Guang Chen
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Emerging Infectious Diseases of Guangdong Higher Institutes, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Xiaohong Zhou
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Emerging Infectious Diseases of Guangdong Higher Institutes, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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7
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Rodríguez-Aguilar ED, Martínez-Barnetche J, Juárez-Palma L, Alvarado-Delgado A, González-Bonilla CR, Rodríguez MH. Genetic diversity and spatiotemporal dynamics of DENV-1 and DENV-2 infections during the 2012-2013 outbreak in Mexico. Virology 2022; 573:141-150. [PMID: 35779336 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2022.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Dengue fever is caused by four related dengue virus serotypes, DENV-1 to DENV-4, where each serotype comprises distinct genotypes and lineages. The last major outbreak in Mexico occurred during 2012 and 2013, when 112,698 confirmed cases were reported (DENV-1 and DENV-2 were predominant). Following partial E, NS2A and NS5 gene sequencing, based on the virus genome variability, we analyzed 396 DENV-1 and 248 DENV-2 gene sequences from serum samples from dengue acute clinical cases from 13 Mexican states, Mutations were identified, and their genetic variability estimated, along with their evolutionary relationship with DENV sequences sampled globally. DENV-1 genotype V and DENV-2 Asian-American genotype V were the only genotypes circulating during the outbreak. Mutations in NS2A and NS5 proteins were widely disseminated and suggested local emergence of new lineages. Phylogeographic analysis suggested viral spread occurred from coastal regions, and tourist destinations, such as Yucatan and Quintana Roo, which played important roles in disseminating these lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo D Rodríguez-Aguilar
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Cuernavaca, 62100, Mexico.
| | - Jesús Martínez-Barnetche
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Cuernavaca, 62100, Mexico.
| | - Lilia Juárez-Palma
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Cuernavaca, 62100, Mexico.
| | - Alejandro Alvarado-Delgado
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Cuernavaca, 62100, Mexico.
| | - Cesar R González-Bonilla
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México and Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico.
| | - Mario H Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Cuernavaca, 62100, Mexico.
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8
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Lineage Replacement Associated with Fitness Gain in Mammalian Cells and Aedes aegypti: A Catalyst for Dengue Virus Type 2 Transmission. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10061100. [PMID: 35744618 PMCID: PMC9231088 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10061100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Shifting of virus serotypes and clade replacement events are known to drive dengue epidemics. However, only a few studies have attempted to elucidate the virus attributes that contribute to such epidemics. In 2007, Singapore experienced a dengue outbreak affecting more than 8000 individuals. The outbreak ensued with the shuffling of dominant clades (from clade I to clade II) of Dengue virus 2 (DENV-2) cosmopolitan genotype, at a time when the Aedes premise index was significantly low. Therefore, we hypothesized that clade II had higher epidemic potential and fitness than clade I. To test this hypothesis, we tested the replication and apoptotic qualities of clade I and II isolates in mammalian cells and their ability to infect and disseminate in a field strain of Ae. Aegypti. Our findings indicated that clade II replicated more efficiently in mammalian cells than clade I and possessed higher transmission potential in local vectors. This could collectively improve the epidemic potential of clade II, which dominated during the outbreak in 2007. The findings exemplify complex interactions between the emergence, adaptation and transmission potential of DENV, and testify the epidemiological importance of a deeper understanding of virus and vector dynamics in endemic regions.
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9
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Evolution, heterogeneity and global dispersal of cosmopolitan genotype of Dengue virus type 2. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13496. [PMID: 34188091 PMCID: PMC8241877 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92783-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2) contributes substantially to the dengue burden and dengue-related mortality in the tropics and sub-tropics. DENV-2 includes six genotypes, among which cosmopolitan genotype is the most widespread. The present study investigated the evolution, intra-genotype heterogeneity and dispersal of cosmopolitan genotype to understand unique genetic characteristics that have shaped the molecular epidemiology and distribution of cosmopolitan lineages. The spatial analysis demonstrated a wide geo-distribution of cosmopolitan genotype through an extensive inter-continental network, anchored in Southeast Asia and Indian sub-continent. Intra-genotype analyses using 3367 envelope gene sequences revealed six distinct lineages within the cosmopolitan genotype, namely the Indian sub-continent lineage and five other lineages. Indian sub-continent lineage was the most diverged among six lineages and has almost reached the nucleotide divergence threshold of 6% within E gene to qualify as a separate genotype. Genome wide amino acid signatures and selection pressure analyses further suggested differences in evolutionary characteristics between the Indian sub-continent lineage and other lineages. The present study narrates a comprehensive genomic analysis of cosmopolitan genotype and presents notable genetic characteristics that occurred during its evolution and global expansion. Whether those characteristics conferred a fitness advantage to cosmopolitan genotype in different geographies warrant further investigations.
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10
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Sánchez-González G, Belak ZR, Lozano L, Condé R. Probability of consolidation constrains novel serotype emergence in dengue fever virus. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248765. [PMID: 33819302 PMCID: PMC8021166 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Since their first sequencing 40 years ago, Dengue virus (DENV) genotypes have shown extreme coherence regarding the serotype class they encode. Considering that DENV is a ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus with a high mutation rate, this behavior is intriguing. Here, we explore the effect of various parameters on likelihood of new serotype emergence. In order to determine the time scales of such an event, we used a Timed Markov Transmission Model to explore the influences of sylvatic versus peri-urban transmission, viral mutation rate, and vertical transmission on the probabilities of novel serotype emergence. We found that around 1 000 years are required for a new serotype to emerge, consistent with phylogenetic analysis of extant dengue serotypes. Furthermore, we show that likelihood of establishing chains of mosquito-human-mosquito infection, known as consolidation, is the primary factor which constrains novel serotype emergence. Our work illustrates the restrictions on and provides a mechanistic explanation for the low probability of novel dengue virus serotype emergence and the low number of observed DENV serotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilberto Sánchez-González
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | | | - Luis Lozano
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Renaud Condé
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
- * E-mail:
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11
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Ma M, Wu S, He Z, Yuan L, Bai Z, Jiang L, Marshall J, Lu J, Yang Z, Jing Q. New genotype invasion of dengue virus serotype 1 drove massive outbreak in Guangzhou, China. Parasit Vectors 2021; 14:126. [PMID: 33639996 PMCID: PMC7910771 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-04631-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne infectious disease that has caused major health problems. Variations in dengue virus (DENV) genes are important features of epidemic outbreaks. However, the associations of DENV genes with epidemic potential have not been extensively examined. Here, we assessed new genotype invasion of DENV-1 isolated from Guangzhou in China to evaluate associations with epidemic outbreaks. Methodology/principal findings We used DENV-1 strains isolated from sera of dengue cases from 2002 to 2016 in Guangzhou for complete genome sequencing. A neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree was constructed to elucidate the genotype characteristics and determine if new genotype invasion was correlated with major outbreaks. In our study, a new genotype invasion event was observed during each significant outbreak period in 2002–2003, 2006–2007, and 2013–2014. Genotype II was the main epidemic genotype in 2003 and before. Invasion of genotype I in 2006 caused an unusual outbreak with 765 cases (relative risk [RR] = 16.24, 95% confidence interval [CI] 12.41–21.25). At the middle and late stages of the 2013 outbreak, genotype III was introduced to Guangzhou as a new genotype invasion responsible for 37,340 cases with RR 541.73 (95% CI 417.78–702.45), after which genotypes I and III began co-circulating. Base mutations occurred after new genotype invasion, and the gene sequence of NS3 protein had the lowest average similarity ratio (99.82%), followed by the gene sequence of E protein (99.86%), as compared to the 2013 strain. Conclusions/significance Genotype replacement and co-circulation of multiple DENV-1 genotypes were observed. New genotype invasion was highly correlated with local unusual outbreaks. In addition to DENV-1 genotype I in the unprecedented outbreak in 2014, new genotype invasion by DENV-1 genotype III occurred in Guangzhou.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Ma
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Sean Wu
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Zhenjian He
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihong Yuan
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijun Bai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyun Jiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - John Marshall
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Jiahai Lu
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhicong Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinlong Jing
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Ko HY, Salem GM, Chang GJJ, Chao DY. Application of Next-Generation Sequencing to Reveal How Evolutionary Dynamics of Viral Population Shape Dengue Epidemiology. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1371. [PMID: 32636827 PMCID: PMC7318875 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue viral (DENV) infection results in a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations from asymptomatic, mild fever to severe hemorrhage diseases upon infection. Severe dengue is the leading cause of pediatric deaths and/or hospitalizations, which are a major public health burden in dengue-endemic or hyperendemic countries. Like other RNA viruses, DENV continues to evolve. Adaptive mutations are obscured by the major consensus sequence (so-called wild-type sequences) and can only be identified once they become the dominant viruses in the virus population, a process that can take months or years. Traditional surveillance systems still rely on Sanger consensus sequencing. However, with the recent advancement of high-throughput next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies, the genome-wide investigation of virus population within-host and between-hosts becomes achievable. Thus, viral population sequencing by NGS can increase our understanding of the changing epidemiology and evolution of viral genomics at the molecular level. This review focuses on the studies within the recent decade utilizing NGS in different experimental and epidemiological settings to understand how the adaptive evolution of dengue variants shapes the dengue epidemic and disease severity through its transmission. We propose three types of studies that can be pursued in the future to enhance our surveillance for epidemic prediction and better medical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ying Ko
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Gielenny M Salem
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Gwong-Jen J Chang
- Arboviral Diseases Branch, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Day-Yu Chao
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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13
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Liu HB, Yu L, Zhang J, Huang XQ, Yang ZQ, Liao GY, Sun H, Ma SH. A 5-year molecular epidemiology survey of human enterovirus 71 before vaccine application in Yunnan Province, China. J Med Virol 2020; 92:1085-1092. [PMID: 31850595 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) infection is known to cause hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). Last year, an inactivated EV-A71 whole virus vaccine was used to prevent this disease in Yunnan, China. To obtain a viral genetic background for evaluating vaccine protection and monitor the adaptive evolution of the virus after the vaccination, a 5-year molecular epidemiology survey was performed before the vaccination. Twenty-six EV-A71 strains were separated from 561 stool specimens of patients with serious HFMD. The whole-genomic sequences of these strains were sequenced. Phylogenetic trees were constructed, and the mutation spectra were analyzed based on these viral sequences. There was no obvious mutation for the circular EV-A71 strains of the same year. Pathogenic EV-A71 strains may arise from a "subgroup" randomly each year. Whole-genomic analyses showed that a hotspot nonsynonymous substitution potentially affecting the immunogenicity of vaccines was found in the 2A gene, but not in genes of the viral capsid proteins, and the genetic diversity of whole viral genomes associated with the incidence of HFMD. Therefore, it will be valuable to monitor the genome-wide changes of EV-A71 to detect the adaptive mutations affecting immunogenicity or perform investigations using genetic diversity as a parameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bo Liu
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, China
| | - Liang Yu
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Huang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, China
| | - Zhao-Qing Yang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, China
| | - Guo-Yang Liao
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, China
| | - Shao-Hui Ma
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, China
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14
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Tan LK, Low SL, Sun H, Shi Y, Liu L, Lam S, Tan HH, Ang LW, Wong WY, Chua R, Teo D, Ng LC, Cook AR. Force of Infection and True Infection Rate of Dengue in Singapore: Implications for Dengue Control and Management. Am J Epidemiol 2019; 188:1529-1538. [PMID: 31062837 PMCID: PMC6670050 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwz110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
National data on dengue notifications do not capture all dengue infections and do not reflect the true intensity of disease transmission. To assess the true dengue infection rate and disease control efforts in Singapore, we conducted age-stratified serosurveys among residents after a 2013 outbreak that was the largest dengue outbreak on record. The age-weighted prevalence of dengue immunoglobulin G among residents was 49.8% (95% confidence interval: 48.4, 51.1) in 2013 and 48.6% (95% confidence interval: 47.0, 50.0) in 2017; prevalence increased with age. Combining these data with those from previous serosurveys, the year-on-year estimates of the dengue force of infection from 1930 to 2017 revealed a significant decrease from the late 1960s to the mid-1990s, after which the force of infection remained stable at approximately 10 per 1,000 persons per year. The reproduction number (R0) had also declined since the 1960s. The reduction in dengue transmission may be attributed to the sustained national vector program and partly to a change in the age structure of the population. The improved estimated ratio of notified cases to true infections, from 1:14 in 2005–2009 to 1:6 in 2014–2017, signifies that the national notification system, which relies on diagnosed cases, has improved over time. The data also suggest that the magnitudes of dengue epidemics cannot be fairly compared across calendar years and that the current disease control program remains applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Kiang Tan
- Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, Singapore
| | - Swee Ling Low
- Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, Singapore
| | - Haoyang Sun
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Yuan Shi
- Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, Singapore
| | - Lilac Liu
- Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, Singapore
| | - Sally Lam
- Blood Services Group, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore
| | - Hwee Huang Tan
- Blood Services Group, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore
| | - Li Wei Ang
- Epidemiology and Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health, Singapore
| | - Wing Yan Wong
- Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, Singapore
| | - Rachel Chua
- Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, Singapore
| | - Diana Teo
- Blood Services Group, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore
| | - Lee Ching Ng
- Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Alex R Cook
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
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15
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Suzuki K, Phadungsombat J, Nakayama EE, Saito A, Egawa A, Sato T, Rahim R, Hasan A, Lin MYC, Takasaki T, Rahman M, Shioda T. Genotype replacement of dengue virus type 3 and clade replacement of dengue virus type 2 genotype Cosmopolitan in Dhaka, Bangladesh in 2017. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2019; 75:103977. [PMID: 31351235 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2019.103977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Dengue is a mosquito-borne disease that has spread to >100 countries and is caused by the dengue virus (DENV), which belongs to the Flavivirus genus of the family Flaviviridae. DENV comprises 4 serotypes (DENV-1 to -4), and each serotype is further divided into distinct genotypes. In India, it is reported that all 4 serotypes of DENV co-circulate. Although Bangladesh is a neighboring country of India, very few reports have published DENV sequence data for the country, especially after 2012. To understand the current distribution of DENV genotypes in Bangladesh, we determined the nucleotide sequences of envelope regions obtained from 58 DENV-positive patients diagnosed at Apollo Hospitals Dhaka during the period between September 2017 and February 2018. We found 5 DENV-1, 47 DENV-2, and 6 DENV-3 serotypes. A phylogenetic analysis of the obtained viral sequences revealed that DENV-3 genotype I was present instead of DENV-3 genotype II, which was predominant in Bangladesh between 2000 and 2009. Furthermore, we found two distinct lineages of the Cosmopolitan genotype of DENV-2, one of which was closely related to strains from Southeast Asia and has never been reported previously in Bangladesh. These results indicated that DENVs in Bangladesh have increased in genotypic diversity and suggest that the DENV genotypic shift observed in other Asian countries also might have been taking place in Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Suzuki
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; TANAKA Kikinzoku Kogyo K.K., 2-73, Shinmachi, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 254-0076, Japan
| | - Juthamas Phadungsombat
- Mahidol-Osaka Center for Infectious Diseases, Mahidol University, 420/6 Ratchawithi road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Emi E Nakayama
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Akatsuki Saito
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akio Egawa
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tairyu Sato
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Rummana Rahim
- Apollo Hospitals Dhaka, Plot-81, Block-E, Bashundhara R/A, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Abu Hasan
- Apollo Hospitals Dhaka, Plot-81, Block-E, Bashundhara R/A, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Marco Yung-Cheng Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, No. 45, Minsheng Rd., Tamsui District, New Taipei City 25160, Taiwan
| | - Tomohiko Takasaki
- Kanagawa Prefectural Institute of Public Health, 1-3-1 Shimomachiya, Chigasaki, Kanagawa 253-0087, Japan
| | - Mizanur Rahman
- Apollo Hospitals Dhaka, Plot-81, Block-E, Bashundhara R/A, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Tatsuo Shioda
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Mahidol-Osaka Center for Infectious Diseases, Mahidol University, 420/6 Ratchawithi road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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16
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Liang S, Hapuarachchi HC, Rajarethinam J, Koo C, Tang CS, Chong CS, Ng LC, Yap G. Construction sites as an important driver of dengue transmission: implications for disease control. BMC Infect Dis 2018; 18:382. [PMID: 30089479 PMCID: PMC6083507 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-018-3311-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2013 and 2014, Singapore experienced its worst dengue outbreak known-to-date. Mosquito breeding in construction sites stood out as a probable risk factor due to its association with major dengue clusters in both years. We, therefore, investigated the contribution of construction sites to dengue transmission in Singapore, highlighting three case studies of large construction site-associated dengue clusters recorded during 2013-16. METHODS The study included two components; a statistical analysis of cluster records from 2013 to 2016, and case studies of three biggest construction site-associated clusters. We explored the odds of construction site-associated clusters growing into major clusters and determined whether clusters seeded in construction sites demonstrated a higher tendency to expand into major clusters. DENV strains obtained from dengue patients residing in three major clusters were genotyped to determine whether the same strains expanded into the surroundings of construction sites. RESULTS Despite less than 5% of total recorded clusters being construction site-associated, the odds of such clusters expanding into major clusters were 17.4 (2013), 9.2 (2014), 3.3 (2015) and 4.3 (2016) times higher than non-construction site clusters. Aedes premise index and average larvae count per habitat were also higher in construction sites than residential premises during the study period. The majority of cases in clusters associated with construction sites were residents living in the surroundings. Virus genotype data from three case study sites revealed a transmission link between the construction sites and the surrounding residential areas. CONCLUSIONS Significantly high case burden and the probability of cluster expansion due to virus spill-over into surrounding areas suggested that construction sites play an important role as a driver of sustained dengue transmission. Our results emphasise that the management of construction-site associated dengue clusters should not be limited to the implicated construction sites, but be extended to the surrounding premises to prevent further transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohong Liang
- Environmental Health Institute, 11, Biopolis Way, #06-05-08, Singapore, 138667 Singapore
| | | | - Jayanthi Rajarethinam
- Environmental Health Institute, 11, Biopolis Way, #06-05-08, Singapore, 138667 Singapore
| | - Carmen Koo
- Environmental Health Institute, 11, Biopolis Way, #06-05-08, Singapore, 138667 Singapore
| | - Choon-Siang Tang
- Environmental Public Health Operations Department, National Environment Agency, 40, Scotts Road, #13-00, Singapore, 228231 Singapore
| | - Chee-Seng Chong
- Environmental Health Institute, 11, Biopolis Way, #06-05-08, Singapore, 138667 Singapore
| | - Lee-Ching Ng
- Environmental Health Institute, 11, Biopolis Way, #06-05-08, Singapore, 138667 Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551 Singapore
| | - Grace Yap
- Environmental Health Institute, 11, Biopolis Way, #06-05-08, Singapore, 138667 Singapore
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17
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Koo C, Tien WP, Xu H, Ong J, Rajarethinam J, Lai YL, Ng LC, Hapuarachchi HC. Highly Selective Transmission Success of Dengue Virus Type 1 Lineages in a Dynamic Virus Population: An Evolutionary and Fitness Perspective. iScience 2018; 6:38-51. [PMID: 30240624 PMCID: PMC6137288 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Arbovirus transmission is modulated by host, vector, virus, and environmental factors. Even though viral fitness plays a salient role in host and vector adaptation, the transmission success of individual strains in a heterogeneous population may be stochastic. Our large-scale molecular epidemiological analyses of a dengue virus type 1 population revealed that only a subset of strains (16.7%; n = 6) were able to sustain transmission, despite the population being widely dispersed, dynamic, and heterogeneous. The overall dominance was variable even among the “established” lineages, albeit sharing comparable evolutionary characteristics and replication profiles. These findings indicated that virological parameters alone were unlikely to have a profound effect on the survival of viral lineages, suggesting an important role for non-viral factors in the transmission success of lineages. Our observations, therefore, emphasize the strategic importance of a holistic understanding of vector, human host, and viral factors in the control of vector-borne diseases. The sustained transmission of dengue virus 1 lineages is highly selective The overall dominance is variable even among the “established” lineages The lineage dominance is not merely determined by virus evolution and fitness The non-viral factors play an important role in the survival of virus lineages
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Koo
- Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, 11, Biopolis Way, #06-05-08, Singapore 138667, Singapore
| | - Wei Ping Tien
- Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, 11, Biopolis Way, #06-05-08, Singapore 138667, Singapore
| | - Helen Xu
- Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, 11, Biopolis Way, #06-05-08, Singapore 138667, Singapore
| | - Janet Ong
- Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, 11, Biopolis Way, #06-05-08, Singapore 138667, Singapore
| | - Jayanthi Rajarethinam
- Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, 11, Biopolis Way, #06-05-08, Singapore 138667, Singapore
| | - Yee Ling Lai
- Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, 11, Biopolis Way, #06-05-08, Singapore 138667, Singapore
| | - Lee-Ching Ng
- Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, 11, Biopolis Way, #06-05-08, Singapore 138667, Singapore; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
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18
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Pollett S, Melendrez MC, Maljkovic Berry I, Duchêne S, Salje H, Cummings DAT, Jarman RG. Understanding dengue virus evolution to support epidemic surveillance and counter-measure development. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2018; 62:279-295. [PMID: 29704626 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) causes a profound burden of morbidity and mortality, and its global burden is rising due to the co-circulation of four divergent DENV serotypes in the ecological context of globalization, travel, climate change, urbanization, and expansion of the geographic range of the Ae.aegypti and Ae.albopictus vectors. Understanding DENV evolution offers valuable opportunities to enhance surveillance and response to DENV epidemics via advances in RNA virus sequencing, bioinformatics, phylogenetic and other computational biology methods. Here we provide a scoping overview of the evolution and molecular epidemiology of DENV and the range of ways that evolutionary analyses can be applied as a public health tool against this arboviral pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pollett
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA; Marie Bashir Institute, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Institute for Global Health Sciences, University of California at San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - M C Melendrez
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - I Maljkovic Berry
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - S Duchêne
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - H Salje
- Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - D A T Cummings
- Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; University of Florida, FL, USA
| | - R G Jarman
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
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19
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Sánchez-Carbonel J, Tantaléan-Yépez D, Aguilar-Luis MA, Silva-Caso W, Weilg P, Vásquez-Achaya F, Costa L, Martins-Luna J, Sandoval I, Del Valle-Mendoza J. Identification of infection by Chikungunya, Zika, and Dengue in an area of the Peruvian coast. Molecular diagnosis and clinical characteristics. BMC Res Notes 2018. [PMID: 29540220 PMCID: PMC5853164 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-018-3290-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess the presence of Dengue, Chikungunya, and Zika in serum samples of patients with acute febrile illness in Piura, Peru and describe the most common clinical features. Results Dengue was the most common arbovirus detected in 170/496 (34.3%), followed by Zika in 39/496 (7.9%) and Chikungunya in 23/496 (4.6%). Among the 170 samples positive for Dengue, serotype 2 was the most predominant type present in 97/170 (57.1%) of samples, followed by the serotype 3 in 9/170 (5.3%). Headaches, muscle pain, and joint pain were the most common symptoms associated with fever in patients with Dengue and Zika. No symptoms predominance was observed in patients with Chikungunya.Dengue is considered the most frequent arbovirus in Peru and the number of cases has increased dramatically in the last 5 years. However, it is not the only arbovirus that circulates along the northern coast of Peru. It has also been determined the presence of Zika and Chikungunya in our population, which may suggest the circulation of other arboviruses that have not been detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Sánchez-Carbonel
- School of Medicine, Research and Innovation Centre of the Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | - Derek Tantaléan-Yépez
- School of Medicine, Research and Innovation Centre of the Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | - Miguel Angel Aguilar-Luis
- School of Medicine, Research and Innovation Centre of the Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru.,Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Instituto de Investigación Nutricional (IIN), Lima, Peru.,Instituto de Investigación de Enfermedades Infecciosas (IIEI), Lima, Peru
| | - Wilmer Silva-Caso
- School of Medicine, Research and Innovation Centre of the Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru.,Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Instituto de Investigación Nutricional (IIN), Lima, Peru
| | - Pablo Weilg
- School of Medicine, Research and Innovation Centre of the Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | - Fernando Vásquez-Achaya
- School of Medicine, Research and Innovation Centre of the Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru.,Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Instituto de Investigación Nutricional (IIN), Lima, Peru
| | - Luis Costa
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Viña del Mar, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Johanna Martins-Luna
- School of Medicine, Research and Innovation Centre of the Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | - Isabel Sandoval
- Red de Salud de Morropon Chulucanas, Dirección Regional de Salud de Piura (DIRESA-Piura), Piura, Peru
| | - Juana Del Valle-Mendoza
- School of Medicine, Research and Innovation Centre of the Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru. .,Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Instituto de Investigación Nutricional (IIN), Lima, Peru.
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20
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Delgado-Enciso I, López-Lemus UA, Valcarcel-Gamiño JA, Rodriguez-Sanchez IP, Valle-Reyes S, Martinez-Fierro ML, Melnikov V, Guzmán-Esquivel J, Vaca-Paniagua F, Valdez-Velazquez LL, Baltazar-Rodriguez LM, Soriano-Hernandez AD, Paz-Michel B, Espinoza-Gómez F. Dengue virus-1 NS5 genetic variant associated with a severe clinical infection: Possible reduction of the innate immune response by inhibition of interferon type 1 and the Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathway. Int J Mol Med 2018; 41:2263-2269. [PMID: 29344662 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) is currently considered as one of the most important mosquito-borne viral pathogens affecting humans. Genetic variations in viruses are likely to be a condition for more effective evasion of the immune system and resulting in severe clinical consequences. The DENV‑1 NS5 gene was sequenced to establish whether during an epidemic burst there were genetic variations of the virus and whether any variant was associated (through a case‑control design) with severe clinical behavior. A total of 31 patients positive for DENV‑1 were enrolled. Among the nucleotide differences between the sequences, only two generated amino acid changes. The variants 124Met/166Ser (amino acid positions according to the report GenBank AJL35015.1), were associated with a severe clinical course of the disease. Via in silico tests, it was identified that the variations generate changes in the protein probably affecting the function of type‑1 interferon, either at the level of its receptor or by interfering with the Janus kinase‑signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Delgado-Enciso
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Colima, Colima, Colima 28030, Mexico
| | - Uriel A López-Lemus
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Colima, Colima, Colima 28030, Mexico
| | - Jose A Valcarcel-Gamiño
- Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Chemical Sciences, University of Colima, Coquimatlán, Colima 28400, Mexico
| | - Iram P Rodriguez-Sanchez
- Genetics Department, School of Medicine, Nuevo León Autonomous University, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64460, Mexico
| | - Salvador Valle-Reyes
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Colima, Colima, Colima 28030, Mexico
| | - Margarita L Martinez-Fierro
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico
| | - Valery Melnikov
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Colima, Colima, Colima 28030, Mexico
| | - José Guzmán-Esquivel
- Department of Research, Mexican Social Security Institute, Villa de Alvarez, Colima 28983, Mexico
| | - Felipe Vaca-Paniagua
- Biomedicine Unit, School of Graduate Studies‑Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, State of Mexico 04510, Mexico
| | - Laura L Valdez-Velazquez
- Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Chemical Sciences, University of Colima, Coquimatlán, Colima 28400, Mexico
| | - Luz M Baltazar-Rodriguez
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Colima, Colima, Colima 28030, Mexico
| | | | | | - Francisco Espinoza-Gómez
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Colima, Colima, Colima 28030, Mexico
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Mendenhall IH, Manuel M, Moorthy M, Lee TTM, Low DHW, Missé D, Gubler DJ, Ellis BR, Ooi EE, Pompon J. Peridomestic Aedes malayensis and Aedes albopictus are capable vectors of arboviruses in cities. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017. [PMID: 28650959 PMCID: PMC5501678 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue and chikungunya are global re-emerging mosquito-borne diseases. In Singapore, sustained vector control coupled with household improvements reduced domestic mosquito populations for the past 45 years, particularly the primary vector Aedes aegypti. However, while disease incidence was low for the first 30 years following vector control implementation, outbreaks have re-emerged in the past 15 years. Epidemiological observations point to the importance of peridomestic infection in areas not targeted by control programs. We investigated the role of vectors in peri-domestic areas. METHODS We carried out entomological surveys to identify the Aedes species present in vegetated sites in highly populated areas and determine whether mosquitoes were present in open-air areas frequented by people. We compared vector competence of Aedes albopictus and Aedes malayensis with Ae. aegypti after oral infection with sympatric dengue serotype 2 and chikungunya viruses. Mosquito saliva was tested for the presence of infectious virus particles as a surrogate for transmission following oral infection. RESULTS We identified Aedes albopictus and Aedes malayensis throughout Singapore and quantified their presence in forested and opened grassy areas. Both Ae. albopictus and Ae. malayensis can occupy sylvatic niches and were highly susceptible to both arboviruses. A majority of saliva of infected Ae. malayensis contained infectious particles for both viruses. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals the prevalence of competent vectors in peri-domestic areas, including Ae. malayensis for which we established the vector status. Epidemics can be driven by infection foci, which are epidemiologically enhanced in the context of low herd immunity, selective pressure on arbovirus transmission and the presence of infectious asymptomatic persons, all these conditions being present in Singapore. Learning from Singapore's vector control success that reduced domestic vector populations, but has not sustainably reduced arboviral incidence, we suggest including peri-domestic vectors in the scope of vector management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian H. Mendenhall
- Program in Emerging Infectious Disease, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- * E-mail: (IHM); (JP)
| | - Menchie Manuel
- Program in Emerging Infectious Disease, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Mahesh Moorthy
- Program in Emerging Infectious Disease, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- Department of Clinical Virology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Theodore T. M. Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dolyce H. W. Low
- Program in Emerging Infectious Disease, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Dorothée Missé
- MIVEGEC, UMR IRD 224-CNRS5290-Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Duane J. Gubler
- Program in Emerging Infectious Disease, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Brett R. Ellis
- Program in Emerging Infectious Disease, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Eng Eong Ooi
- Program in Emerging Infectious Disease, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Julien Pompon
- Program in Emerging Infectious Disease, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- MIVEGEC, UMR IRD 224-CNRS5290-Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail: (IHM); (JP)
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22
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Houldsworth A. Exploring the possibility of arthropod transmission of HCV. J Med Virol 2016; 89:187-194. [PMID: 27447819 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer occurring in up to 3% of the world's population. Parenteral exposure to HCV is the major mode of transmission of infection. Once established, infection will persist in up to 85% of individuals with only a minority of patients clearing viremia. Egypt has possibly the highest HCV prevalence in the world where 10-20% of the general population are infected with HCV. Endemic HCV appears to be concentrated in the tropics and sub-tropics where there are higher biting rates from insects. The question as to whether a bridge vector transmission is possible, via arthropods, both between humans and/or from an animal reservoir to humans is explored. Mechanical transmission, as opposed to biological transmission, is considered. Mechanical transmission can be an efficient way of transmitting an infection, as effective as biological transmission. Probability of transmission can increase as to the immediate circumstances and conditions at the time. Several factors may enhance mechanical transmission, including high levels of microbes in the vector, frequent biting, the close proximity, and contact between vectors and recipients as well as high density of insects. HCV has been isolated from bodies or heads of mosquitoes collected from the houses of HCV-infected individuals. The possibility of enzootic cycles of HCV tangential transmission via bridging vectors, such as, arthropods needs to be further investigated and possible animal reservoirs, including domestic rural epizootic cycles for HCV infection, requires further research with particular initial emphasis on equine infections. J. Med. Virol. 89:187-194, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annwyne Houldsworth
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth University, Plymouth, United Kingdom
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External quality assessment of dengue and chikungunya diagnostics in the Asia Pacific region, 2015. Western Pac Surveill Response J 2016; 7:26-34. [PMID: 27508088 PMCID: PMC4957610 DOI: 10.5365/wpsar.2016.7.1.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To conduct an external quality assessment (EQA) of dengue and chikungunya diagnostics among national-level public health laboratories in the Asia Pacific region following the first round of EQA for dengue diagnostics in 2013. Methods Twenty-four national-level public health laboratories performed routine diagnostic assays on a proficiency testing panel consisting of two modules. Module A contained serum samples spiked with cultured dengue virus (DENV) or chikungunya virus (CHIKV) for the detection of nucleic acid and DENV non-structural protein 1 (NS1) antigen. Module B contained human serum samples for the detection of anti-DENV antibodies. Results Among 20 laboratories testing Module A, 17 (85%) correctly detected DENV RNA by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR), 18 (90%) correctly determined serotype and 19 (95%) correctly identified CHIKV by RT–PCR. Ten of 15 (66.7%) laboratories performing NS1 antigen assays obtained the correct results. In Module B, 18/23 (78.3%) and 20/20 (100%) of laboratories correctly detected anti-DENV IgM and IgG, respectively. Detection of acute/recent DENV infection by both molecular (RT–PCR) and serological methods (IgM) was available in 19/24 (79.2%) participating laboratories. Discussion Accurate laboratory testing is a critical component of dengue and chikungunya surveillance and control. This second round of EQA reveals good proficiency in molecular and serological diagnostics of these diseases in the Asia Pacific region. Further comprehensive diagnostic testing, including testing for Zika virus, should comprise future iterations of the EQA.
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