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Sun DL, Yao BM, Yang G, Sun GX. Climate and soil properties regulate the vertical heterogeneity of minor and trace elements in the alpine topsoil of the Hengduan Mountains. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 899:165653. [PMID: 37474062 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Soil minor and trace elements are vital regulators of ecological processes that sustain alpine ecosystem functions. In this study, the vertical pattern and driving factors of element concentrations in alpine soils of the Tibetan Plateau were investigated. Three snow mountains (Meili, Baima, and Haba) part of the Hengduan Mountain range, were selected as the study area to determine the vertical distribution of 12 typical elements (Cr, Ni, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cd, Pb, Ca, Sr, As, and Se) in topsoil with increasing and decreasing elevation, as well as the dominant driving factors of their spatial heterogeneity. Results showed that all elements, except Se, showed strong vertical heterogeneity, among which Cr, Ni, Cu, and Fe showed peak concentrations at 2700-3000 m; the highest concentrations of Mn and Zn were at 3200 m and 2700 m, with Cd and Pb at 2500 m. Ca and Sr levels gradually decreased with increasing elevation. According to the structural equation model and random forest analysis, the vertical heterogeneity of soil elements is directly regulated by the variability of climate and soil properties due to changes in elevation. A three-way PERMANOVA further quantized the contributions of climate and soil properties on vertical heterogeneity of all soil elements, which were 35.2 % and 50.5 %, respectively. This study used various statistical tools to reveal the dominant factors affecting the vertical heterogeneity of soil elements. These findings provided a scientific overview of element distribution on the Tibetan Plateau and significant references for the vertical distribution of elements in the topsoil of other snow mountains worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Li Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bao-Min Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Guo-Xin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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2
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Chen P, Wang X, Yuan W, Wang D. Typical heavy metals accumulation, transport and allocation in a deglaciated forest chronosequence, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132162. [PMID: 37517237 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Understanding heavy metals (HMs) accumulation and transportation is the foundation to assess the ecological risks caused by the pollution of HMs in terrestrial ecosystems. There are large knowledge gaps regarding impacts of vegetation succession on shaping the HMs accumulation, transportation and allocation in the remote alpine regions. Herein, we comprehensively investigated the distribution and source contribution of mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd) and chromium (Cr) along with vegetation succession in a deglaciated forest chronosequence of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Results showed that Hg and Cd were highly enriched in organic soils, while Cr concentrations and pool sizes decreased significantly with the vegetation succession. Atmospheric Hg deposition contributed to the dominant Hg sources in topsoil (74 - 87%), whereas moraine weathering was the main source of Cr (73 - 76%). Both moraine (18 - 48%) and atmospheric deposition inputs (52 - 82%) affected Cd accumulation in topsoil. Over the last century, the accumulation rate of Hg and Cd showed the distinctly decreasing trends due to the vegetation leading to the elevated atmospheric depositions at the earlier deglacial sites. The negative accumulation rate of Cr along with the vegetation succession reflected the formation of organic soil diluting the geogenic inputs of Cr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peijia Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Dingyong Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Su Q, Shahab A, Huang L, Ubaid Ali M, Cheng Y, Yang J, Xu H, Sun Z, Zou Q, Chen Z, Kang B. Heavy Metals in Surface Sediment of Plateau Lakes in Tibet, China: Occurrence, Risk Assessment, and Potential Sources. TOXICS 2023; 11:804. [PMID: 37888655 PMCID: PMC10610607 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11100804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Tibetan Plateau lakes have high ecological value and play a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance. This research aimed to study the pollution characteristics, ecological risk, and potential sources of eight heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in the surface sediments of 12 Tibetan Plateau lakes. The results of the toxicity risk index (TRI) showed that only Gongzhu Tso (28.09) and La' ang Tso (20.25) had heavy metals that could pose a very high risk of toxicity to aquatic organisms. Hg posed the highest potential ecological risk to aquatic organisms. Based on the results of multiple analyses, we inferred that the contents of Cr, Cu, Hg, and Ni in sediments of Tibetan lakes were influenced by industrial and agricultural development; Cd, Pb, and Zn were influenced by transport and atmospheric transport; and As was derived from geothermal activity and rock weathering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongyuan Su
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Asfandyar Shahab
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Areas, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Liangliang Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Muhammad Ubaid Ali
- Department of Soil Sciences, Southern Federal University, 344006 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Yanan Cheng
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Areas, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Jiahuan Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Hao Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Zhicheng Sun
- College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Qi Zou
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Zhongbing Chen
- Department of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Bin Kang
- College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
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Zeng S, Li X, Yang L, Wang D. Understanding heavy metal distribution in timberline vegetations: A case from the Gongga Mountain, eastern Tibetan Plateau. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 874:162523. [PMID: 36870262 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
To quantify impacts of vegetation and topographic factors on heavy metal accumulation in montane forests, we assessed the spatial distribution and determined the sources of mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) in timberline forests of Gongga Mountain. Our results show that vegetation type has little impact on the soil Hg, Cd and Pb concentrations. The soil concentrations of Cr, Cu and Zn are controlled by litter return, moss and lichen biomass, and canopy interception, with the highest concentrations in shrub forest. In contrast to other forests, the soil Hg pool in coniferous forest is significantly high due to the elevated Hg concentration and greater biomass production in litter. However, the soil pool sizes of Cd, Cr, Cu and Zn show a distinct increase along the elevation, which are attributed to the elevated heavy metal inputs from litter and moss, as well as the greater cloud water-induced atmospheric heavy metal depositions. The highest Hg concentrations of the aboveground parts of plant are in the foliage and bark, while the concentrations of Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu and Zn in the branch and bark are the highest. The decreased biomass density leads to a downward trend in the total vegetation pool sizes of Hg, Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu and Zn by 0.4-4.4 times with increasing elevation. The statistical analysis finally suggests that Hg, Cd and Pb mainly originate from anthropogenic atmospheric deposition, whereas Cr, Cu and Zn are mainly from natural sources. Our results highlight the importance of vegetation types and terrain conditions on distribution patterns of heavy metal in alpine forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufang Zeng
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xianming Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Luhan Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Dingyong Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
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Song X, Ning Y, Yang S, Ye J, Liu J. Spatial Distribution, Pollution, and Ecological Risk Assessment of Metal(loid)s in Multiple Spheres of the Shennongjia Alpine Critical Zone, Central China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1126. [PMID: 36673881 PMCID: PMC9858996 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The development of Earth's critical zone concept has strengthened the capacity of environmental science to better solve real-world problems, such as metal(loid) pollution in the remote alpine areas. The selected metal(loid) contents in soil, moss, and water were investigated to explore the geochemical distribution patterns, pollution levels, and potential ecological risks of metal(loid)s in the Shennongjia (SNJ) alpine critical zone of central China. The distribution of metal(loid)s in different spheres had horizontal and vertical differences. The maximum V, Ni, and Zn contents in water occurred at the sampling sites close to the Hohhot-Beihai Highway, while Dajiuhu Lake had the maximum Cu, Cr, and Mn contents. Most metal(loid) contents in the mosses showed an increasing trend from the northeast low-altitude area to the southwest high-altitude area, while As, Co, V, Ni, Cr, and Zn in soil decreased significantly with altitude and were enriched near the service areas and the highway. The contents of water Co and Ni, soil Cu and Mn, and moss As were evenly distributed and showed no significant differences with altitude. The enrichment factors, pollution index, Nemerow integrated pollution index, geo-accumulation index, heavy metal pollution index, contamination factor, and potential ecological risk index (PERI) were used to assess the pollution levels and ecological risks of SNJ soil, water, and atmosphere. The overall pollution levels of SNJ soil, moss, and water were low to moderate, low, and low, respectively. Soil V, Cu, Zn, moss As, Co, V, and Dajiuhu Lake water Mn were the main pollution factors. The ecological risks in the three spheres of the SNJ alpine critical zone were low to moderate, and As, Co, and V were the most critical potential ecological risk factors. The metal(loid)s pollution problem caused by the continuous development of tourism needs further attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiannong Song
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yongqiang Ning
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shaochen Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jiaxin Ye
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jinling Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Geomaterials in China Nonmetallic Minerals Industry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
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Wei Y, He J, Xue Y, Nie Y, Liu X, Wu L. Spatial distribution of multi-elements in moss revealing heavy metal precipitation in London Island, Svalbard, Arctic. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 315:120398. [PMID: 36228845 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The Arctic is a sink for major pollutants in the Northern Hemisphere, and is an ideal place to investigate the migration of concerned metals on the local environment. In this study, 13 elements including Li, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Hg, and Pb were determined in mosses (Dicranum angustum) from London Island in Ny-Ålesund. The results showed that the concentrations of different elements varied greatly at different altitudes, while their distributions in low (0-200 m) and high (200-300 m) altitudes based on cluster analysis were significantly different. Among them, Li, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, and As showed significant positive correlations with elevation. This result may be due to the influence of key environmental factors such as elements transported by the airborne dust carried by winds, and surface runoff from snow meltwater. Multiple receptor models (PCA, PMF, and UNMIX) were employed to discuss the sources of metals in mosses from London Island. Elements that showed positive correlation with altitude were attributed to natural sources, and Zn, Cd, Hg, and Pb, which lacked apparent correlation with elevation, were interpreted as from anthropogenic sources by the models. Among them, Zn, Cd, and Hg were from long-range deposition, while Pb was from mixed industrial sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Wei
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Jianuo He
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Yulu Xue
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Global Change, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Yaguang Nie
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China.
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Global Change, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Lijun Wu
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
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Badshah H, Khan MU, Mumtaz AS. Elucidating Heavy Metals Concentration and Distribution in Wild Edible Morels and the Associated Soil at Different Altitudinal Zones of Pakistan: a Health Risk Implications Study. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022:10.1007/s12011-022-03496-w. [PMID: 36434421 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03496-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluates macro-nutrient (MN) and prevailing heavy metal (HM) concentrations in wild edible morels (WEM) species viz., Morchella crassipes, Morchella pulchella, and Morchella eohespera and the associated soil that were collected from different altitudinal zones (Azad Kashmir, Murree, Swat, and Skardu) of Pakistan. A special emphasis on potential health risk analysis for HM in WEM consumption was also explored. In general, MN concentration in fruiting bodies and their associated soil samples were in the following order: potassium (K) > magnesium (Mg) > calcium (Ca) > sodium (Na) and Ca > Mg > K > Na, respectively. The concentration for HM in WEM ranged between 20.0 and 78.0 mg/kg, 1.09 and 22.1 mg/kg, 2.1 and 22.1 mg/kg, 0.26 and 13.1 mg/kg, 0.43 and 9.1 mg/kg, 1.07 and 7.0 mg/kg, 1.01 and 5.4 mg/kg, and BDL and 3.1 mg/kg for zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd), respectively, and those in underlying soil samples, lowest and highest HM concentration were recorded for Zn (33.7-113.6 mg/kg), Cu (13.0-40.8 mg/kg), Ni (3.1-23.0 mg/kg), Pb (1.3-22.0 mg/kg), Co (2.9-5.6 mg/kg), Cr (2.7-11.1 mg/kg), Mn (2.0-7.1 mg/kg), and Cd (1.1 mg/kg 7.6). Although, Cd, Pb, and Zn concentrations in some of the WEM samples and Cd in the soil had exceeded the permissible limits set by different organizations. The greater accumulation/or transfer potential for Zn, Co, Ni, and Cu were recorded in WEM from their associated soil. The health risk index (HRI) for HM in all assessed samples of WEM was < 1, predicting no risk to the consuming population. Furthermore, the correlation analyses depicted that the power of hydrogen (pH), low organic matter contents, and sandy texture are likely to be responsible for HM transfer to the lower pool of soil. But the increasing concentration of HM in WEM warrants threats and suggests further monitoring and future policy plan and implementation to avoid the potential health risks via its regular consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussain Badshah
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman Khan
- Human & Ecology Analytical Laboratory (HEAL), Department of Marine Science and Convergence Engineering, Hanyang University, ERICA Campus, Ansan, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Abdul Samad Mumtaz
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Source apportionment of soil heavy metals with PMF model and Pb isotopes in an intermountain basin of Tianshan Mountains, China. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19429. [PMID: 36371499 PMCID: PMC9653478 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24064-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A boom in tourism may lead to the enrichment in heavy metals (HMs) in soils. Contamination with HMs poses a significant threat to the security of the soil environment. In this study, topsoil samples were collected from a tourist area of Sayram Lake, and the concentrations of HMs (Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn and Cd) were determined. With contamination and eco-risk assessment models, correlation analysis, Pb isotope ratios, redundancy analysis and positive matrix factorization (PMF) model, the risks and sources of HMs in the soil were studied. The Igeo results suggested that Cd was the primary pollutant in the tourist area of Sayram Lake. The potential ecological risk index (PERI) showed that the study area was at low risk, and the pollution load index (PLI) indicated that the study area had a moderate contamination level. Qualitative and quantitative analyses apportioned three sources of HMs, namely, natural sources (38.5%), traffic sources (27.2%) and mixed sources (tourist waste and atmospheric deposition) (34.3%). Redundancy analysis results showed that the HMs content was related to SiO2, Al2O3, TiO2, P2O5, MnO, K2O, Fe2O3 and SOC, and heavy metals tended to be stored in soil particles of grain sizes < 32 µm. These findings are expected to provide useful insights into the source identification of HMs in the soils of mountain tourism areas and provide a scientific decision-making basis for sustainable tourism development and for the assessment of ecological service values in the Tianshan Mountains.
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Guo G, Li K, Lei M. Accumulation, environmental risk characteristics and associated driving mechanisms of potential toxicity elements in roadside soils across China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 835:155342. [PMID: 35489507 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Roadside soils may be affected by potential toxicity elements (TPEs) from vehicles; however, pollution status, ecological and health risks of PTEs in roadside soils were rarely reported on national scale. In this study, a dataset of PTEs in roadside soils was compiled based on the literatures published in 2000-2021, and then pollution level, ecological and health risks of PTEs were evaluated using geochemical accumulation index (Igeo), potential ecological risk index (ER), and human risk assessment coupled with Monte Carlo simulation. Driving factors of PTE accumulation in soils were determined by Geo-detector method. Results indicated that Cd exhibited moderate pollution and considerable ecological risk with the highest Igeo of 1.25 and ER of 100.1, respectively. Vehicle ownership (VP) and precipitation (PP) significantly affected accumulation of PTEs, with q values of 0.209 and 0.191 (P < 0.05), respectively. VP paired with PP enhanced nonlinearly PTE accumulation (q = 0.77). Only 6.89% and 1.54% of non-carcinogenic risks for children and adolescent exceeded the threshold of 1, respectively, whereas 93.11%, 95.67%, 58.80% and 58.14% of carcinogenic risks for senior, adults, adolescent, and children surpassed 1E-06, respectively. The results of this study provided valuable implication for managers to design effective strategies for pollution prevent and risk control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Guo
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Kai Li
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mei Lei
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Ma Y, Wang Q, Su W, Cao G, Fu G, Du W. Potential Sources, Pollution, and Ecological Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements in Surface Soils on the North-Eastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10070368. [PMID: 35878273 PMCID: PMC9316433 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10070368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Due to increased levels of human activity, various pollutants are frequently detected on the Tibetan Plateau, where the environment is extremely fragile and sensitive. Therefore, this study investigated the sources, pollution, and ecological risks of soil potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in different landscape areas within the Qaidam Basin in the northeastern part of the Qinghai−Tibet Plateau. The contents of seven PTEs (Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, As, Cr, and Ni) in 32 topsoil samples (0−2 cm) were analyzed in different regions of the Qaidam Basin. The concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn were 10.4−29.9 mg/kg, 0.08−4.45 mg/kg, 19−66 mg/kg, 8.2−40 mg/kg, 11.7−30.8 mg/kg, 11.1−31.2 mg/kg, and 32−213 mg/kg, respectively. The correlation between Pb and Cd in unpopulated areas was 0.896 (p < 0.01). The correlations among Pb, Cd, and Zn in agricultural areas, among As, Cd, Cr, and Zn in saline lake areas, and among As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in residential areas were all greater than 0.65 (p < 0.05). The principal component analysis results showed that Pb and Cd in unpopulated areas, Pb, Cd, and Zn in agricultural areas, As, Cd, Cr, Zn, and Pb in saline lake areas, and As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in residential areas were affected by human activities (significant factor >0.70). Based on the geological accumulation index and single-factor pollution index results, the maximum Cd values were found to be 4.93 and 45.88, respectively; Cd was thus the most serious PTE pollutant. The comprehensive pollution index of Nemero showed that moderately and severely polluted areas accounted for 18.89% and 18.46% of the total area, respectively. The results of the potential risk index showed that very strong and strong ecological risk points together accounted for 18.8% of the total points. The spatial variations in PTE pollution and the potential ecological risk index had similar patterns; both increased from the unpopulated areas in the northeastern Qaidam Basin to Golmud city in the south-western Qaidam Basin. These results indicate that human activities negatively impacted the soil ecological environment in the Qaidam Basin during the rapid development of the economy and urbanization and that these negative impacts tended to spread to unpopulated areas. Therefore, it is necessary to emphasize the significant impacts of human activities on environmental quality and formulate preventive measures to reduce PTE pollution in the Qinghai−Tibet Plateau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Ma
- College of Geographic Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China;
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation (Ministry of Education), Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environmental Process, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
| | - Qiugui Wang
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China;
| | - Weigang Su
- Qinghai Earthquake Agency, Xining 810001, China;
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Geology and Environment of Salt Lakes, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810016, China
| | - Guangchao Cao
- College of Geographic Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China;
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation (Ministry of Education), Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environmental Process, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Guoyan Fu
- Zhongyuan Institute of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou 450000, China;
| | - Wen Du
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China;
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Qin Z, Zhao S, Shi T, Zhang F, Pei Z, Wang Y, Liang Y. Accumulation, regional distribution, and environmental effects of Sb in the largest Hg-Sb mine area in Qinling Orogen, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 804:150218. [PMID: 34798744 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, knowledge gaps on Sb concentration in rocks, ores, tailings, soil, river water, sediments, and crops of mine areas were identified and discussed in terms of contamination levels, spatial distribution, and environmental effects. Accordingly, Xunyang Hg-Sb mine, the largest Hg-Sb deposit in China as research region in this study, field sampling and laboratory analysis were conducted. The results showed elevated concentrations of Sb in the soil, sediment, and river water. The X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the main minerals of the rocks were quartz, dolomite, calcite, and margarite. Based on the TESCAN integrated mineral analyzer analysis, the main ore minerals in the Gongguan mine were dolomite (93.97%), cinnabar (2.50%), stibnite (2.48%), calcite (0.38%), and quartz (0.38%). The μ-XRF analysis indicated that Sb distribution was similar to those of S and O, instead of those of Hg and As. The clear spatial variation of Sb concentration in environmental media, mines, tailings, and settling ponds affected Sb accumulation. Actinobacteriota, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota, and Chloroflexi were the dominant phyla in the soil. Patescibacteria, Proteobacteria, and Bdellovibrionota were negatively correlated with Sb in the soil (p < 0.05). Exposure to Sb through maize grain and cabbage consumption poses serious non-carcinogenic health risk for residents. This work provides a scientific basis for the environmental quality assessment of Sb mine areas and development of applicable guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zemin Qin
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China; China Energy Investment Group Xinshuo Railway Co., LTD, Ordos 017000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Shuting Zhao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Taoran Shi
- Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
| | - Fengyang Zhang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Ziru Pei
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Yuheng Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China.
| | - Yanru Liang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
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12
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An S, Liu N, Li X, Zeng S, Wang X, Wang D. Understanding heavy metal accumulation in roadside soils along major roads in the Tibet Plateau. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 802:149865. [PMID: 34455271 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The heavy metal accumulation in the Tibet Plateau (TP) poses a serious ecologic risk to the health of human and the other biota. Given the TP far away from the large anthropogenic emission sources, the rapid development of traffic activities during last several decades possibly leads to the elevated heavy metal concentration in the roadside soils. Therefore, we comprehensively assessed the heavy metal distribution in the 0-5 cm and 15-20 cm depth soils located at 5 m, 50 m, and 100 m distance to the edge of two major roads among the different vegetation covers and climatic conditions in the TP to verify this hypothesis. Results show that most of heavy metal concentrations in soils of different distance to the major road display an insignificant difference. The Nemero Synthesis indexes which represent the risk of pollution for these regions almost range 1 to 2 (low pollution risk), except 12.7 (extreme pollution risk) at one site. These indicate the limited impacts from the traffic activities for the whole region, but at some specific sites with the elevated traffic pollution. The forest cover at the altitude of 3700-4100 m has the highest mercury accumulation due to the vegetation and climatic factors induced the higher atmospheric depositions and stronger complexation with the organic matters. The statistical analysis finally suggests the geogenic weathering processes, climate, terrain and vegetation play an important role in shaping heavy metal distribution along the roadside of the TP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei An
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Nantao Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xianming Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Shufang Zeng
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Dingyong Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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13
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Vannini A, Tedesco R, Loppi S, Di Cecco V, Di Martino L, Nascimbene J, Dallo F, Barbante C. Lichens as monitors of the atmospheric deposition of potentially toxic elements in high elevation Mediterranean ecosystems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 798:149369. [PMID: 34375238 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study we used a terricolous lichen (Cetraria islandica) as bioaccumulator of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) to explore spatial patterns of air pollutant deposition along elevational gradients in the Majella Massif (Italy). Samples of C. islandica were collected at 200 m intervals along 6 transects from 1600 to 2600 m, both along the eastern and the western slope of the Majella massif, and analyzed for their PTE content. The results supported the hypothesis that the deposition of PTEs to the Majella massif is largely influenced by elevation and slope. Two main patterns emerged connected either with local soil erosion and long-range atmospheric transport. For some PTEs, namely Al, Cr, Li, Mg, in the absence of any other data, it is supposed that the anthropogenic input is very small compared to the natural input from weathering processes. In contrast, the group of air pollutants subjected to long-range transport, as in the case of Cd, Hg, and Pb, has very limited local input and the main sources responsible for the higher concentrations on the eastern slope are probably to be searched in the Balkan area.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raffaello Tedesco
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, via Torino 155, Venice-Mestre 30172, Italy
| | - Stefano Loppi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Italy.
| | | | | | - Juri Nascimbene
- UBIOME Lab, Department of Biological, Geological, Environmental Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Federico Dallo
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, via Torino 155, Venice-Mestre 30172, Italy; Institute of Polar Sciences - CNR, via Torino 155, Venice-, Mestre 30172, Italy
| | - Carlo Barbante
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, via Torino 155, Venice-Mestre 30172, Italy; Institute of Polar Sciences - CNR, via Torino 155, Venice-, Mestre 30172, Italy
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14
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Zhong Z, Bing H, Xiang Z, Wu Y, Zhou J, Ding S. Terrain-modulated deposition of atmospheric lead in the soils of alpine forest, central China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 790:148106. [PMID: 34098279 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Alpine ecosystem has a potential to intercept the transport of atmospheric metals, while the regulation mechanisms with variations in altitude and slope direction remain unclear. In this study, the soil and moss samples on the northern and southern slopes of Shennongjia Mountain were collected with altitude to quantitatively identify the sources of lead (Pb) and to decipher the regulation mechanisms of altitude and slope on the Pb distribution. The results showed that the concentrations of Pb decreased evidently with soil depth, and in the O (organic soils) and A (surface mineral soils) horizons they increased with altitude. The Pb isotopes and moss biomonitoring revealed that Pb was mainly from atmospheric deposition, and the sources included fossil fuel combustion, ore mining and smelting. Based on a binary mixing model of Pb isotopes, the percentage of atmospheric Pb in the O and A horizons and mosses averaged 58.8%, 43.7% and 71.0%, respectively. Atmospheric wet deposition strikingly controlled the distribution of soil Pb along the altitude. Canopy filtering and leaching also impacted the accumulation of Pb in the forest floor. The significant difference in the atmospheric Pb accumulation in the soils between the two slopes was not observed as expected, since atmospheric dry deposition from northwestern China contributed to the Pb accumulation on the northern slope according to the Pb isotopic ratios and air mass trajectories. The results of this study indicate that altitude determines the distribution pattern of atmospheric Pb, while slope direction screens the source region of Pb in alpine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilin Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haijian Bing
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Zhongxiang Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yanhong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Jun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shiming Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
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15
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Li JJ, Zhang HQ, Li PJ, Xin ZL, Xi AQ, Ding YH, Yang ZP, Ma SQ. Case series of COVID-19 patients from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Area in China. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:7032-7042. [PMID: 34540958 PMCID: PMC8409201 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i24.7032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a serious infection caused by the new coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The disease was first identified in December 2019 and has caused significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. AIM To explore the clinical characteristics and treatments for COVID-19 in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Area in China. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the blood cell counts (neutrophils and lymphocytes), blood gas analysis, and thoracic computed tomography changes of patients from Qinghai Province before, during, and after treatment (January 23, 2020 to February 21, 2020). In addition, we summarized and analyzed the information of critical patients. All data were analyzed using SPSS 17.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, United States). The quantitative and count variables are represented as the mean ± SD and n (%), respectively. RESULTS The main symptoms and signs of patients with COVID-19 were fever, dry cough, cough with phlegm, difficulty breathing, and respiratory distress with a respiration rate ≥ 30 times/min, finger oxygen saturation ≤ 93% in the resting state, and oxygenation index less than 200 but greater than 100 (after altitude correction). Eighteen patients with COVID-19, of whom three were critical, and the others were in a mild condition, were included. The main manifestations included fever, dry cough, and fatigue. Three patients developed difficulty breathing and had a fever. They were eventually cured and discharged. Adjuvant examinations showed one case with reduced white cell count (6%) (< 4 × 109/L), six with reduced count of lymphocytes (33%) (< 0.8 × 109/L), and one with abnormal blood glucose level. All 18 patients were discharged, and no death occurred. CONCLUSION Our findings provide critical insight into assessing the clinical diagnosis and treatment for COVID-19 in the Tibetan plateau area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Jie Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Qinghai Province Fourth People’s Hospital, Xining 810000, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Hui-Qiong Zhang
- Qinghai Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xining 810000, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Pei-Jun Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Qinghai Province Fourth People’s Hospital, Xining 810000, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Zhi-Lan Xin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Qinghai Province Fourth People’s Hospital, Xining 810000, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Ai-Qi Xi
- Qinghai Province Fourth People's Hospital, Xining 810000, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Zhuo-Ma
- Qinghai Province Fourth People's Hospital, Xining 810000, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Yue-He Ding
- Qinghai Province Fourth People's Hospital, Xining 810000, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Zheng-Ping Yang
- Department of Intensive Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining 810000, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Si-Qing Ma
- Department of Intensive Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining 810000, Qinghai Province, China
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16
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Hong H, Wu S, Wang Q, Qian L, Lu H, Liu J, Lin HJ, Zhang J, Xu WB, Yan C. Trace metal pollution risk assessment in urban mangrove patches: Potential linkage with the spectral characteristics of chromophoric dissolved organic matter. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 272:115996. [PMID: 33213952 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Mangroves are inter-tidal ecosystems with important global ecological roles. Today, mangroves around the world are at risk of fragmentation, especially in areas with rapid urbanization. Mangroves experiencing habitat fragmentation may be more intensely affected by human activities and a scenario that might have been ignored by previous studies on trace metal (TM) environmental geochemistry. Here, we investigated the typically fragmented habitats in a subtropical mangrove estuary (the Danshuei Basin in Taiwan Strait) to evaluate how human activities affect the geochemical behaviors of TMs. Ni, Sb, Zn, Cr, Cu, and Cd were the primary contaminants found in the mangrove patches. Metal sequestration from the riverine (Ni, Cr) and in-patch activity (Sb, Zn, Cu, Cd) are primary sources of TM's risk. Using the synthesized pollution risk assessment, we showed that most of the mangrove patches are under moderate pollution risk. A significant relationship between the TMs pollution indicators and the absorption coefficient at 254 nm (a254), implying that the a254 could be a potential convenient parameter in the TMs risk assessment, which might be partly explained by the bio-remediation of sulfate-reduction microorganism. This study demonstrates the ecological risks posed by TM pollution on urban mangrove patches and emphasizes the importance of a more comprehensive survey for estuarine mangrove patch environments to achieve Sustainable Development Goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hualong Hong
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Shengjie Wu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Lu Qian
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Haoliang Lu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Jingchun Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Hsing-Juh Lin
- Department of Life Sciences and Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Wei-Bin Xu
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
| | - Chongling Yan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
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17
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Xiao J, Han X, Sun S, Wang L, Rinklebe J. Heavy metals in different moss species in alpine ecosystems of Mountain Gongga, China: Geochemical characteristics and controlling factors. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 272:115991. [PMID: 33187837 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Terrestrial mosses are promising tracers for research concerning metal atmospheric deposition and pollution. Concentrations of Cr, Co, Ni, Zn, Sr, Cd, Ba, and Pb in different moss species from Mountain Gongga, China were analyzed to investigate the effects of growth substrates, geographic elevation, and type of moss species on the accumulation characteristics of heavy metals, as well as to identify heavy metal sources. The ability of heavy metals to accumulate in moss varied significantly, with low concentrations of Cd and Co; medium concentrations of Cr, Ni, and Pb; and high concentrations of Zn, Sr, and Ba. Elevation significantly influenced the accumulation characteristics of heavy metals, with high concentrations found at lower elevations due to proximal pollution. Growth substrate and moss species were found to have certain influence on the bioconcentration capacities of heavy metals in moss in this study. Correlation analysis showed similar sources for Sr, Zn, and Ba, as well as for Ni, Co, and Cr. The positive matrix factorization (PMF) model was consistent with atmospheric deposition of Pb and Cd; substrate sources of Cr, Co, and Ni; and anthropogenic sources of Ba, Sr, and Zn. This research characterized the accumulation characteristics of heavy metals and their influence factors in different mosses found in alpine ecosystems and provides a reference for future studies in similar areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Shouqin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Environment, Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
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18
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Song M, Song D, Jiang L, Zhang D, Sun Y, Chen G, Xu H, Mei W, Li Y, Luo C, Zhang G. Large-scale biogeographical patterns of antibiotic resistome in the forest soils across China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 403:123990. [PMID: 33265028 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Soil is a reservoir of environmental resistomes. Information about their distribution, profiles, and driving forces in undisturbed environments is essential for understanding and managing modern antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in human disturbed environments. However, knowledge about the resistomes in pristine soils is limited, particularly at national scale. Here, we conducted a national-scale investigation of soil resistomes in pristine forests across China. Although the antibiotics content was low and ranged from below limit of detection (LOD) to 0.290 μg/kg, numerous detected ARGs conferring resistance to major classes of modern antibiotics were identified and indicated forest soils as a potential source of resistance traits. ARGs ranged from 6.20 × 10-7 to 2.52 × 10-3 copies/16S-rRNA and were predominated by those resisting aminoglycoside and encoding deactivation mechanisms. Low abundance of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and its scarcely positive connections with ARGs suggest the low potential of horizontal gene transfer. The geographic patterns of ARGs and ARG-hosts in pristine forest soils were mainly driven by soil physiochemical variables and followed a distance-decay relationship. This work focusing on pristine soils can provide valuably new information for our understanding of the ARGs in human disturbed environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengke Song
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Joint Institute for Environmental Research and Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Dandan Song
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Longfei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Dayi Zhang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yingtao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Guoen Chen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Huijuan Xu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Joint Institute for Environmental Research and Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Weiping Mei
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yongtao Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Joint Institute for Environmental Research and Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chunling Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Joint Institute for Environmental Research and Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Gan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
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19
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Oishi Y, Shin K, Tayasu I. Lead isotope ratios in moss for the assessment of transboundary pollutants in the Yatsugatake Mountains, central Japan. Ecol Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1703.12205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Oishi
- Center for Arts and Sciences Fukui Prefectural University Matsuoka Fukui Japan
| | - Ki‐Cheol Shin
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature Kita‐ku Kyoto Japan
| | - Ichiro Tayasu
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature Kita‐ku Kyoto Japan
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20
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Wang Z, Bing H, Zhu H, Wu Y. Fractions, Contamination and Health Risk of Cadmium in Alpine Soils on the Gongga Mountain, Eastern Tibetan Plateau. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 106:86-91. [PMID: 33475791 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-020-03073-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic cadmium (Cd) in alpine soils is mainly from long-range atmospheric transport. Because of the high toxicity and mobility, whether the accumulation of Cd in the soils threats to ecosystem safety remains unclear. The fractions of soil Cd along three altitudinal transects on Gongga Mountain were analyzed to decipher the drivers on its mobility, and its contamination and health risk were assessed. The concentrations of Cd in the organic (O) and mineral (A) horizons were significantly higher on the eastern and southern transects than the western transect. The Cd fractions in the two horizons dominated by acid-soluble and reducible Cd. Soil organic matter and pH modulated the mobilization of soil Cd. Cadmium reached a moderate contamination level on the eastern and southern transects, but no or slight contamination on the western transect. The soil Cd had a low non-carcinogenic risk and no carcinogenic risk despite of adults or children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Haijian Bing
- The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - He Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yanhong Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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21
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Jiao X, Dong Z, Kang S, Li Y, Jiang C, Rostami M. New insights into heavy metal elements deposition in the snowpacks of mountain glaciers in the eastern Tibetan Plateau. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 207:111228. [PMID: 32890952 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric heavy metals have important environmental and health threats. To investigate atmospheric deposition and contamination of heavy metal elements in the glaciers of the eastern Tibetan Plateau (ETP), we collected the surface snow (cryoconites) samples in the Lenglongling Glacier (LG), the Gannan Snowpack (GS), the Dagu Glacier (DG), the Hailuogou Glacier (HG) and Yulong Snow-mountain Glacier (YG) in summer 2017. Samples were analyzed for concentrations and enrichment factors (EFs) of Al and trace elements (Pb, Co, Cd, Ba, Mn, Ga, Sc, V, Zn, Cr, Ni, Cu, Rb, Sb, Cs, As, Mo, Li) using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Results showed that the concentrations and EFs of heavy metals (e.g. Sb, Cu, Cr, Ni, As, Mo) were generally high value in YG, GS and LG, while were relatively low value in DG and HG, implying that ETP glaciers may have been affected by atmospheric anthropogenic pollutants deposition to varying degrees. Comparing the heavy metal concentrations in the glaciers with those in the precipitation of middle/eastern China cities and also the South Asian cities, we find that the glacial heavy metal concentrations were generally low level, though the anthropogenic pollutants were still significantly enriched. Taking the spatial distribution of As and Ni concentration/EFs in the glaciers and surrounding urban precipitation as an example, we find that the heavy metal pollutants were probably transported to the glaciers through three routes from the surrounding densely populated area of Asia. The MODIS AOD and NCEP/NCAR wind vector also demonstrated that the atmospheric pollutants originated from anthropogenic emissions of urban areas of both South Asia, and northwest and east China, mainly caused by the large scale atmospheric circulation (e.g. the South Asian Monsoon, westerlies and Eastern Asian Summer Monsoon). Therefore, control of these potential pollution emission sources of the surrounding densely populated areas in Asia could be important to ETP glaciers in future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhiwen Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Shichang Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yifan Li
- Institute for Geophysics and Meteorology, University of Cologne, Cologne, D-50923, Germany
| | - Cong Jiang
- Institute for Geophysics and Meteorology, University of Cologne, Cologne, D-50923, Germany
| | - Masoud Rostami
- Institute for Geophysics and Meteorology, University of Cologne, Cologne, D-50923, Germany
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Pollock SZ, St Clair CC. Railway-Associated Attractants as Potential Contaminants for Wildlife. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 66:16-29. [PMID: 32147802 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-020-01277-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Grizzly bears (Ursus arctos) appear to be attracted to natural and anthropogenic forage along railways, which may increase collision vulnerability, but also potentially causes exposure to contaminants associated with railway infrastructure. We assessed contaminant exposure for a vulnerable population of grizzly bears in the Canadian Rocky Mountains by determining if (1) dandelions (Taraxacum officinale) growing adjacent to a railway and grain spilled from hopper cars contain heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and mycotoxins and (2) metal concentrations from hair samples of individual bears correlates with use of the railway or other anthropogenic features. We used principle components analysis to represent 10 heavy metals and 16 PAHs and then compared their concentrations in railway-associated sources of grain and dandelions to reference samples that we purchased (grain) or sampled from nearby sites (dandelions). We also measured metal concentrations in the hair of bears that were captured and fitted with GPS collars. We found significantly higher concentrations in railway-associated samples of dandelion and grain for both metals (particularly lead, iron, and chromium), and the sum of 16 PAHs. Several metals and PAHs in railway-associated samples exceeded regulatory standards for soil or animal feed. Mycotoxins were detectable in grain samples, but occurred well below permissible standards. Metal concentrations in bear hair were not predicted by railway use, but higher metal concentrations occurred in male bears and two individuals that used ski hills during fall. As mitigation to reduce wildlife exposure to contaminants, particularly in protected areas, we encourage removal of railway grain deposits, regular maintenance of railway infrastructure, such as lubricating stations, and investigation of contaminants associated with other human infrastructures, such as ski hills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonya Zoey Pollock
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E9, Canada.
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Kumari M, Joshi R, Kumar R. Metabolic signatures provide novel insights to Picrorhiza kurroa adaptation along the altitude in Himalayan region. Metabolomics 2020; 16:77. [PMID: 32577832 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-020-01698-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Along the altitude, environmental conditions vary significantly that might influence plant performance and distribution. Adaptation to these changing conditions is a complex biological process that involves reprogramming of genes, proteins and metabolites. The metabolic response of medicinal plants along the altitude has been less explored yet. OBJECTIVES In the present study, we investigated the adaptation strategies of Picrorhiza kurroa Royle ex Benth. along the altitude in organ specific manner using metabolomic approach. METHODS Picrorhiza kurroa plants at flowering stage were randomly sampled from three altitudes viz. 3400, 3800 and 4100 masl in the Himalayan region. Leaf, root and rhizome were used for LC-MS based non-targeted metabolite profiling and targeted analysis of sugars, amino acids, picrosides and their corresponding phenolic acids. RESULTS A total of 220, primary and secondary metabolites (SMs) were identified (p < 0.05) representing an extensive inventory of metabolites and their spatial distribution in P. kurroa. Differential accumulation of metabolites suggests source-sink carbon partitioning, occurrence of partial TCA cycle, ascorbate metabolism, purine catabolism and salvage route, pyrimidine synthesis, lipid alteration besides gibberellins and cytokinin inhibition might be an adaptive strategy to alpine environmental stress along the altitude. Further, marked differences of organ and altitude specific SMs reflect alteration in secondary metabolic pathways. Significant accumulation of picrosides suggests their probable role in P. kurroa adaptation. CONCLUSION This study provides a platform that would be useful in deciphering the role of metabolites considered to be involved in plant adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manglesh Kumari
- Department of Biotechnology, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, HP, 176061, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Robin Joshi
- Department of Biotechnology, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, HP, 176061, India
| | - Rajiv Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, HP, 176061, India.
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Mossa AW, Bailey EH, Usman A, Young SD, Crout NMJ. The impact of long-term biosolids application (>100 years) on soil metal dynamics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 720:137441. [PMID: 32143037 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biosolids application to arable land is a common, and cost-effective, practice but the impact of prolonged disposal remains uncertain. We evaluated the dynamics of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) at a long-established 'dedicated' sewage treatment farm. Soil metal concentrations exceeded regulations governing application of biosolids to non-dedicated arable land. However, measurement of isotopic exchangeability of Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb demonstrated support for the 'protection hypothesis' in which biosolids constituents help immobilise potential toxic metals (PTMs). Metal concentrations in a maize crop were strongly, and almost equally, correlated with all 'capacity-based' and 'intensity-based' estimates of soil metal bioavailability. This was attributable to high correlations between soil factors controlling bioavailability (organic matter, phosphate etc.) on a site receiving a single source of PTMs. Isotopic analysis of the maize crop suggested contributions to foliar Pb from soil dust originating from neighbouring fields. There was also clear evidence of metal-specific effects of biosolids on soil metal lability. With increasing metal concentrations there was both decreasing lability of Cd and Pb, due to interaction with increasing phosphate concentrations, and increasing lability of Ni, Cu and Zn due to weaker soil binding. Such different responses to prolonged biosolids disposal to arable soil should be considered when setting regulatory limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul-Wahab Mossa
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Elizabeth H Bailey
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Abida Usman
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Scott D Young
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK.
| | - Neil M J Crout
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK
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Githaiga KB, Njuguna SM, Makokha VA, Wang J, Gituru RW, Yan X. Assessment of Cu, Zn, Mn, and Fe enrichment in Mt. Kenya soils: evidence for atmospheric deposition and contamination. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2020; 192:167. [PMID: 32030474 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-8123-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mountains are the preferred sites for studying long-range atmospheric transportation and deposition of heavy metals, due to their isolation and steep temperature decrease that favors cold trapping and condensation of particulate forms of heavy metals. Any enrichment of heavy metals in mountains is presumed to primarily occur through atmospheric deposition. In this particular study, we assessed the status of 27 subsurface soils collected along two elevation gradients of Mt. Kenya using enrichment factors (EFs) as the ecological risk assessments. The collected soils were analyzed for total organic carbon, zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and copper (Cu). The mean concentration of Mn, Fe, Zn, and Cu was 0.376 mg/kg, 47.6 mg/kg, 12.3 mg/kg, and 4.88 mg/kg in Chogoria and 0.560 mg/kg, 113 mg/kg, 12.7 mg/kg, and 2.70 mg/kg in Naro Moru respectively. These concentrations were below the US-EPA maximum permissible levels for soils, implying that the levels recorded had low toxicity. Meanwhile, the mean enrichment factors for Mn, Cu, and Zn were 0.447, 131, and 78.8 in Chogoria and 0.463, 38.9, and 53.0 in Naro Moru respectively. This implied that Zn and Cu in Chogoria sites were extremely enriched, while in Naro Moru, enrichment levels ranged from significant to extreme. However, Mn was found to have minimal enrichment in all the sites. Lower montane forest and bamboo zone recorded relatively high enrichment due to distance from source of pollution. Ericaceous zone also had high mean enrichment due to influence of wind which favors higher deposition at mid-elevations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelvin Babu Githaiga
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Samwel Maina Njuguna
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Victorine Anyango Makokha
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Robert Wahiti Gituru
- Botany Department, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P. O Box 62000, Nairobi, 00200, Kenya
| | - Xue Yan
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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Luo X, Bing H, Luo Z, Wang Y, Jin L. Impacts of atmospheric particulate matter pollution on environmental biogeochemistry of trace metals in soil-plant system: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 255:113138. [PMID: 31542662 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) pollution and soil trace metal (TM) contamination are binary environmental issues harming ecosystems and human health, especially in the developing China with rapid urbanization and industrialization. Since PMs contain TMs, the air-soil nexus should be investigated synthetically. Although the PMs and airborne TMs are mainly emitted from urban or industrial areas, they can reach the rural and remote mountain areas owing to the ability of long-range transport. After dry or wet deposition, they will participate in the terrestrial biogeochemical cycles of TMs in various soil-plant systems, including urban soil-greening trees, agricultural soil-food crops, and mountain soil-natural forest systems. Besides the well-known root uptake, the pathway of leaf deposition and foliar absorption contribute significantly to the plant TM accumulation. Moreover, the aerosols can also exert climatic effects by absorption and scattering of solar radiation and by the cloud condensation nuclei activity, thereby indirectly impact plant growth and probably crop TM accumulation through photosynthesis, and then threat health. In particular, this systematic review summarizes the interactions of PMs-TMs in soil-plant systems including the deposition, transfer, accumulation, toxicity, and mechanisms among them. Finally, current knowledge gaps and prospective are proposed for future research agendas. These analyses would be conducive to improving urban air quality and managing the agricultural and ecological risks of airborne metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosan Luo
- Department of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (AEET), School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | - Haijian Bing
- The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Zhuanxi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Yujun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Ling Jin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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Wang X, Yuan W, Feng X, Wang D, Luo J. Moss facilitating mercury, lead and cadmium enhanced accumulation in organic soils over glacial erratic at Mt. Gongga, China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 254:112974. [PMID: 31376600 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.112974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Moss is usually as an initial colonizer in alpine glacier retreated regions. We hypothesized that moss can significantly facilitate the toxic metals accumulation in alpine ecosystems based on its strong ability of absorption and the role in soil development. Hence, we investigated the trace element pool sizes and enrichment factors, especially for mercury (Hg) by using the Hg isotopic compositions to determine the source contributions in a moss-dominated ecosystem over glacial erratic in Eastern Tibetan Plateau. Results show that Hg, lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) are highly enriched in organic soils. Specifically, Cd concentration is 5-20 times higher than the safety limit of the acid soil (pH ≤ 5.5) in China. Atmospheric depositions dominantly contribute to the Pb and Cd sources in organic soils, and followed by the moraine particles influences. The lowering pH in organic soils increasing with glacial retreated time results in the desorption of Cd in organic soils. Atmospheric Hg0 uptake by moss predominantly contributes to the Hg sources in organic soils. The average Pb accumulation rate over last 125-year is about 5.6 ± 1.0 mg m-2 yr-1, and for Cd is 0.4 ± 0.1 mg m-2 yr-1, and for Hg0 is 27.6 ± 3.2 μg m-2 yr-1. These elevated accumulation rates are caused by the high moss biomass and elevated atmospheric Hg, Pb and Cd pollution levels in China and neighbouring regions. Our study indicates that the moss not only as the bioindicator, but also plays an important role in the hazardous metal biogeochemical cycling in alpine regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China
| | - Xinbin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China.
| | - Dingyong Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Ji Luo
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Ministry of Water Conservancy, Chengdu, 610041, China
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28
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Bao K, Wang G, Jia L, Xing W. Anthropogenic impacts in the Changbai Mountain region of NE China over the last 150 years: geochemical records of peat and altitude effects. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:7512-7524. [PMID: 30659486 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04138-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Geochemical records from peatlands are important tools for the interpretation of environmental signals preserved in the peat and the understanding anthropogenic impacts on remote mountain regions. In this paper, six 210Pb-dated peat cores located at 500-1900 m above sea level (asl) in the Changbai Mountains were used to reconstruct the pollution history over the past 150 years in northeastern (NE) China. The cores physicochemical parameters and 10 key chemical elements were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). Results from loss on ignition (LOI), total organic carbon (TOC), and lithogenic element (Ti, Fe, and Mn) analysis show that the peatlands (Ch, Yc1 and Jb) over 900 m asl are ombrotrophic and the lower altitude peatlands (Dng, Jc, and Ha) are minerotrophic. There is a decreasing trend of trace element distribution with the altitude, mainly due to the local source input. The content of the magnetic particles and trace elements (Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) as well as their accumulation rates document 150 years of pollution history in the Changbai Mountain region. There is a significant elevated pattern of the geochemical records after the New China, which might mark the start date of Anthropocene since the 1950s in this region. The peatlands at the lower altitude (i.e., Dng and Ha) record the earliest fingerprints of metal contamination due to the starting period of massive reclaiming and immigrating in the Changbai Mountain region. The major increase of trace elements since the 1980s probably suggests a significant deterioration of the local environment due to the fast industrial and urbanization development after the Reform and Opening up in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunshan Bao
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Shipai Campus, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
| | - Guoping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China
| | - Lin Jia
- Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Wei Xing
- College of Geographic Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, China
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Bing H, Zhou J, Wu Y, Luo X, Xiang Z, Sun H, Wang J, Zhu H. Barrier effects of remote high mountain on atmospheric metal transport in the eastern Tibetan Plateau. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 628-629:687-696. [PMID: 29454208 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic metals adsorbed on suspended fine particles can be deposited on remote and inaccessible high mountains by long-range atmospheric transport. In this study, we investigated the cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in the soils, mosses and rainfall of three transects on the Gongga Mountain, eastern Tibetan Plateau, to understand the mountain interception effects on their atmospheric transport. The concentrations of Cd and Pb in the soils and mosses displayed a pattern of eastern transect>northern transect>western transect. The distribution of Cd and Pb on the eastern transect increased from 2000 to 2900m a.s.l. (above sea level), decreased toward the timberline, and increased again with altitude; on the northern transect, it generally decreased with altitude whereas a distribution trend was not clearly observed on the western transect. The Cd and Pb concentrations in the rainfall of the eastern transect generally decreased with altitude, and they were higher inside forests than outside forests and temporally higher in the winter than the summer. The Pb isotopic ratios coupled with moss bio-monitoring distinguished anthropogenic sources of Cd and Pb on the eastern and northern transects, whereas bedrock weathering was the main source of Cd and Pb on the western transect. We proposed a conceptual model to delineate the effects of terrain, local climate and vegetation on the transport of atmospheric metals. Our results highlighted the high mountains in the eastern Tibetan Plateau as an effective natural barrier limiting atmospheric metal transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijian Bing
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Jun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yanhong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Xiaosan Luo
- International Center for Ecology, Meteorology, and Environment, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Zhongxiang Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hongyang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jipeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - He Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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30
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Li R, Bing H, Wu Y, Zhou J, Xiang Z. Altitudinal patterns and controls of trace metal distribution in soils of a remote high mountain, Southwest China. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2018; 40:505-519. [PMID: 28303453 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-017-9937-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to reveal the effects of regional human activity on trace metal accumulation in remote alpine ecosystems under long-distance atmospheric transport. Trace metals (Cd, Pb, and Zn) in soils of the Mt. Luoji, Southwest China, were investigated along a large altitudinal gradient [2200-3850 m above sea level (a.s.l.)] to elaborate the key factors controlling their distribution by Pb isotopic composition and statistical models. The concentrations of Cd, Pb, and Zn in the surface soils (O and A horizons) were relatively low at the altitudes of 3500-3700 m a.s.l. The enrichment factors of trace metals in the surface soils increased with altitude. After normalization for soil organic matter, the concentrations of Cd still increased with altitude, whereas those of Pb and Zn did not show a clear altitudinal trend. The effects of vegetation and cold trapping (CTE) (pollutant enrichment by decreasing temperature with increasing altitude) mainly determined the distribution of Cd and Pb in the O horizon, whereas CTE and bedrock weathering (BW) controlled that of Zn. In the A horizon, the distribution of Cd and Pb depended on the vegetation regulation, whereas that of Zn was mainly related to BW. Human activity, including ores mining and fossil fuels combustion, increased the trace metal deposition in the surface soils. The anthropogenic percentage of Cd, Pb, and Zn quantified 92.4, 67.8, and 42.9% in the O horizon, and 74.5, 33.9, and 24.9% in the A horizon, respectively. The anthropogenic metals deposited at the high altitudes of Mt. Luoji reflected the impact of long-range atmospheric transport on this remote alpine ecosystem from southern and southwestern regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Haijian Bing
- The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yanhong Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Jun Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhongxiang Xiang
- The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Hong H, Dai M, Lu H, Liu J, Zhang J, Yan C. Risk assessment and driving factors for artificial topography on element heterogeneity: Case study at Jiangsu, China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 233:246-260. [PMID: 29096297 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The rapid expansion of construction related to coastal development evokes great concern about environmental risks. Recent attention has been focused mainly on factors related to the effects of waterlogging, but there is urgent need to address the potential hazard caused by artificial topography: derived changes in the elemental composition of the sediments. To reveal possible mechanisms and to assess the environmental risks of artificial topography on transition of elemental composition in the sediment at adjoining zones, a nest-random effects-combined investigation was carried out around a semi-open seawall. The results implied great changes induced by artificial topography. Not only did artificial topography alter the sediment elemental composition at sites under the effect of artificial topography, but also caused a coupling pattern transition of elements S and Cd. The biogeochemical processes associated with S were also important, as suggested by cluster analysis. The geo-accumulation index shows that artificial topography triggered the accumulation of C, N, S, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Ni, Cr, Pb, As and Cd, and increased the pollution risk of C, N, S, Cu, As and Cd. Enrichment factors reveal that artificial topography is a new type of human-activity-derived Cu contamination. The heavy metal Cu was notably promoted on both the geo-accumulation index and the enrichment factor under the influence of artificial topography. Further analysis showed that the Cu content in the sediment could be fitted using equations for Al and organic carbon, which represented clay mineral sedimentation and organic matter accumulation, respectively. Copper could be a reliable indicator of environmental degradation caused by artificial topography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hualong Hong
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Minyue Dai
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Haoliang Lu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Jingchun Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China
| | - Chongling Yan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China.
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Bing H, Wu Y, Zhou J, Sun H. Biomonitoring trace metal contamination by seven sympatric alpine species in Eastern Tibetan Plateau. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 165:388-398. [PMID: 27668716 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Biomonitoring permits determinations of trace metal contamination in remote areas like the high mountain ecosystems. In this study, six trace metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in seven sympatric alpine species (five tree species: Salix rehderiana, Populus purdomii, Betula albosinensis, Abies fabri, Picea brachytyla, and two dominant mosses: Pleurozium schreberi, Papillaria crocea) at the Hailuogou Glacier foreland, Eastern Tibetan Plateau, were investigated to monitor their contamination. The concentrations of trace metals and Pb isotopic ratios (206Pb/207Pb and 208Pb/206Pb) in leaves/needles, twigs, bark, roots, and mosses were determined, and the biological factors and enrichment factors were calculated. The concentrations of Cd, Cr, Pb, and Zn in mosses were significantly higher than those in tree tissues and normal plants indicating the exogenous sources. The accumulation of trace metals (except Cd and Zn) was relatively higher in the tree roots, whereas their enrichments were significant in the leaves/needles and bark. According to biological factors, enrichment factors, and factor analysis, Cd, Pb, and Zn in trees and mosses were markedly impacted by anthropogenic emissions, whereas Cr, Cu, and Ni in trees were mainly from root adsorption from soils. The Pb isotopic compositions identified the anthropogenic Pb mainly from mining and smelting, coal combustion, and vehicle exhausts. The results indicated that mosses were still priority indicator of trace metal contamination from atmospheric deposition, and the leaves and bark of S. rehderiana, P. purdomii, and B. albosinensis were the better alternatives to monitor the atmospheric contamination of trace metals in the alpine ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijian Bing
- The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Yanhong Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hongyang Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
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