1
|
Jamieson GA, Page J, Evans ID, Hamlin A. Conflict and control in cortical responses to inconsistent emotional signals in a face-word Stroop. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:955171. [PMID: 37457498 PMCID: PMC10349396 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.955171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Social communication is fraught with ambiguity. Negotiating the social world requires interpreting the affective signals we receive and often selecting between channels of conflicting affective information. The affective face-word Stroop (AFWS) provides an experimental paradigm which may identify cognitive-affective control mechanisms underpinning essential social-affective skills. Initial functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study of the AFWS identified right amygdala as driving this affective conflict and left rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC) as the locus of conflict control. We employed electroencephalogram (EEG) and eLORETA source localization to investigate the timing, location, and sequence of control processes when responding to affective conflict generated during the AFWS. However we designated affective word as the response target and affective face as the distractor to maximize conflict and control effects. Reaction times showed slowed responses in high vs. low control conditions, corresponding to a Rabbitt type control effect rather than the previously observed Grattan effect. Control related activation occurred in right rACC 96-118 ms post-stimulus, corresponding to the resolution of the P1 peak in the Visual Evoked Potential (VEP). Face distractors elicit right hemisphere control, while word distractors elicit left hemisphere control. Low control trials require rapid "booting up" control resources observable through VEPs. Incongruent trial activity in right fusiform face area is suppressed 118-156 ms post stimulus corresponding to onset and development of the N170 VEP component. Results are consistent with a predicted sequence of rapid early amygdala activation by affective conflict, then rACC inhibition of amygdala decreasing facilitation of affective face processing (however, amygdala activity is not observable with EEG).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Graham A. Jamieson
- School of Psychology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - Julia Page
- School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - Ian D. Evans
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Adam Hamlin
- School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhou Q, Du J, Gao R, Hu S, Yu T, Wang Y, Pan NC. Discriminative neural pathways for perception-cognition activity of color and face in the human brain. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:1972-1984. [PMID: 35580851 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human performance can be examined using a visual lens. The identification of psychophysical colors and emotional faces with perceptual visual pathways may remain invalid for simple detection tasks. In particular, how the visual dorsal and ventral processing streams handle discriminative visual perceptions and subsequent cognition activities are obscure. We explored these issues using stereoelectroencephalography recordings, which were obtained from patients with pharmacologically resistant epilepsy. Delayed match-to-sample paradigms were used for analyzing the processing of simple colors and complex emotional faces in the human brain. We showed that the angular-cuneus gyrus acts as a pioneer in discriminating the 2 features, and dorsal regions, including the middle frontal gyrus (MFG) and postcentral gyrus, as well as ventral regions, such as the middle temporal gyrus (MTG) and posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS), were involved in processing incongruent colors and faces. Critically, the beta and gamma band activities between the cuneus and MTG and between the cuneus and pSTS would tune a separate pathway of incongruency processing. In addition, posterior insular gyrus, fusiform, and MFG were found for attentional modulation of the 2 features via alpha band activities. These findings suggest the neural basis of the discriminative pathways of perception-cognition activities in the human brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qilin Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45, Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, No. 45, Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Jialin Du
- Department of Pharmacy Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45, Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Runshi Gao
- Beijing Institute of Functional Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45, Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Shimin Hu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45, Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, No. 45, Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Beijing Institute of Functional Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45, Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45, Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, No. 45, Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China.,Institute of sleep and consciousness disorders, Center of Epilepsy, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Xi Tou Tiao, Youanmen wai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Na Clara Pan
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45, Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, No. 45, Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Eloy L, Doherty EJ, Spencer CA, Bobko P, Hirshfield L. Using fNIRS to Identify Transparency- and Reliability-Sensitive Markers of Trust Across Multiple Timescales in Collaborative Human-Human-Agent Triads. FRONTIERS IN NEUROERGONOMICS 2022; 3:838625. [PMID: 38235468 PMCID: PMC10790910 DOI: 10.3389/fnrgo.2022.838625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Intelligent agents are rapidly evolving from assistants into teammates as they perform increasingly complex tasks. Successful human-agent teams leverage the computational power and sensory capabilities of automated agents while keeping the human operator's expectation consistent with the agent's ability. This helps prevent over-reliance on and under-utilization of the agent to optimize its effectiveness. Research at the intersection of human-computer interaction, social psychology, and neuroergonomics has identified trust as a governing factor of human-agent interactions that can be modulated to maintain an appropriate expectation. To achieve this calibration, trust can be monitored continuously and unobtrusively using neurophysiological sensors. While prior studies have demonstrated the potential of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), a lightweight neuroimaging technology, in the prediction of social, cognitive, and affective states, few have successfully used it to measure complex social constructs like trust in artificial agents. Even fewer studies have examined the dynamics of hybrid teams of more than 1 human or 1 agent. We address this gap by developing a highly collaborative task that requires knowledge sharing within teams of 2 humans and 1 agent. Using brain data obtained with fNIRS sensors, we aim to identify brain regions sensitive to changes in agent behavior on a long- and short-term scale. We manipulated agent reliability and transparency while measuring trust, mental demand, team processes, and affect. Transparency and reliability levels are found to significantly affect trust in the agent, while transparency explanations do not impact mental demand. Reducing agent communication is shown to disrupt interpersonal trust and team cohesion, suggesting similar dynamics as human-human teams. Contrasts of General Linear Model analyses identify dorsal medial prefrontal cortex activation specific to assessing the agent's transparency explanations and characterize increases in mental demand as signaled by dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex and frontopolar activation. Short scale event-level data is analyzed to show that predicting whether an individual will trust the agent, with data from 15 s before their decision, is feasible with fNIRS data. Discussing our results, we identify targets and directions for future neuroergonomics research as a step toward building an intelligent trust-modulation system to optimize human-agent collaborations in real time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucca Eloy
- Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Emily J. Doherty
- Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Cara A. Spencer
- Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Philip Bobko
- Department of Management, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, PA, United States
| | - Leanne Hirshfield
- Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Viviani G, De Luca F, Antonucci G, Yankouskaya A, Pecchinenda A. It is not always positive: emotional bias in young and older adults. PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2021; 86:2045-2057. [PMID: 34704157 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-021-01614-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Healthy ageing has been associated with a bias toward positive information and greater psychological well-being. However, to what extent this positivity bias also applies to prioritizing positive information under emotional competition is unclear. Old and young adults performed a word-face interference task, in which they responded to the valence of positive and negative target-words while ignoring happy or angry distractor-faces that could be affectively congruent or incongruent. A control condition with scrambled neutral distractor-faces was also used. Findings showed small facilitation effects with faster responses when targets and distractors were affectively congruent and large interference effects with slower responses when targets and distractors were affectively incongruent compared to the control condition. Importantly, whereas for younger adults there was a similar pattern of interference from happy and angry distractor-faces, for older adults there was greater interference from angry distractor-faces. The present findings are discussed in the context of emotional bias literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giada Viviani
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Anna Pecchinenda
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yao Y, Xuan Y, Wu R, Sang B. Regulatory Effects of Reward Anticipation and Target on Attention Processing of Emotional Stimulation. Front Psychol 2020; 11:1170. [PMID: 32581965 PMCID: PMC7283617 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies suggest that reward and emotion are interdependent. However, there are discrepancies regarding the interaction between these variables. Some researchers speculate that the inconsistent findings may be due to different targets being used. Although reward and emotion both affect attention, it is not clear whether their impacts are independent. This study examined the impact of reward anticipation on emotion processing for different targets. A cue-target paradigm was used, and behavior and eye-tracking data were recorded in an emotion or sex recognition task under the conditions of reward and non-reward anticipation. The results showed that when the target was related to the emotional attribute of the stimulus, the reward promoted the processing target information, thereby generating reward-oriented attention. When the target was unrelated to the emotional attributes of the stimulus, the reward did not promote the processing target information, and at the same time, individuals had negative emotional biases toward the emotional faces. The results revealed that, in addition to affecting the attention to emotional faces independently, the target regulated the promotion of reward anticipation to emotional attention and attention bias toward negative stimuli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Yao
- Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuyang Xuan
- Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruirui Wu
- Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Biao Sang
- Shanghai Academy of Educational Sciences, Shanghai, China
- East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Meléndez JC, Satorres E, Oliva I. Comparing the Effect of Interference on an Emotional Stroop Task in Older Adults with and without Alzheimer’s Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 73:1445-1453. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-190989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan C. Meléndez
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Encarnación Satorres
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Itxasne Oliva
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chen S, Jackson T, Dong D, Zhuang Q, Chen H. Effects of Palatable Food Versus Thin Figure Conflicts on Responses of Young Dieting Women. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1025. [PMID: 31178775 PMCID: PMC6538809 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Many young women use dieting to achieve a thinner figure yet most tend to fail as a result of heightened responsiveness to palatable food environments and increases in hedonic cravings. In this preliminary study, we developed a novel palatable food vs. thin figure conflict task to assess conflicting motives associated with eating among young women. Forty young dieting women [mean body mass index (BMI) = 22.98 kg/m2, SD = 3.81] completed a food vs. figure conflict task within a 2 (distractor image: food vs. figure) × 2 (word-image congruence: congruent vs. incongruent) within-subjects design. Results supported the view that this new task could effectively capture conflict costs. Dieting young women displayed stronger food conflicts than figure conflicts based on having longer response delays and higher error rates in the food conflict condition than the figure conflict condition. Although young women often proclaimed "dieting" to achieve or maintain a good figure, dieters appeared to exhibit stronger preferences for palatable food cues relative to thin figure cues. These results provide important information for understanding automatic processing biases toward palatable foods and underscore the need for research extensions in other cultural contexts to determine whether such biases are universal in nature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuaiyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Todd Jackson
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Debo Dong
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Zhuang
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ribeiro FS, Santos FH, Albuquerque PB, Oliveira-Silva P. Emotional Induction Through Music: Measuring Cardiac and Electrodermal Responses of Emotional States and Their Persistence. Front Psychol 2019; 10:451. [PMID: 30894829 PMCID: PMC6414444 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Emotional inductions through music (EIM) procedures have proved to evoke genuine emotions according to neuroimaging studies. However, the persistence of the emotional states after being exposed to musical excerpts remains mostly unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the curve of emotional state generated by an EIM paradigm over a 6-min recovery phase, monitored with valence and arousal self-report measures, and physiological parameters. Stimuli consisted of a neutral and two valenced musical excerpts previously reported to generate such states. The neutral excerpt was composed in a minimalist form characterized by simple sonorities, rhythms, and patterns; the positive excerpt had fast tempo and major tones, and the negative one was slower in tempo and had minor tone. Results of 24 participants revealed that positive and negative EIM effectively induced self-reported happy and sad emotions and elicited higher skin conductance levels (SCL). Although self-reported adjectives describing evoked-emotions states changed to neutral after 2 min in the recovery phase, the SCL data suggest longer lasting arousal for both positive and negative emotional states. The implications of these outcomes for musical research are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Silva Ribeiro
- School of Psychology (CIPsi), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,Faculty of Education and Psychology (CEDH/HNL), Universidade Católica, Porto, Portugal
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li D, Liu T, Shi J. Conflict Adaptation in 5-Year-Old Preschool Children: Evidence From Emotional Contexts. Front Hum Neurosci 2019; 13:14. [PMID: 30760993 PMCID: PMC6361790 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This research investigated the individual behavioral and electrophysiological differences during emotional conflict adaptation processes in preschool children. Thirty children (16 girls, mean age 5.44 ± 0.28 years) completed an emotional Flanker task (stimulus-stimulus cognitive control, S-S) and an emotional Simon task (stimulus-response cognitive control, S-R). Behaviorally, the 5-year-old preschool children exhibited reliable congruency sequence effects (CSEs) in the emotional contexts, with faster response times (RTs) and lower error rates in the incongruent trials preceded by an incongruent trial (iI trial) than in the incongruent trials preceded by a congruent trial (cI trial). Regarding electrophysiology, the children demonstrated longer N2 and P3 latencies in the incongruent trials than in the congruent trials during emotional conflict control processes. Importantly, the boys showed a reliable CSE of N2 amplitude when faced with fearful target expression. Moreover, 5-year-old children showed better emotional CSEs in response to happy targets than to fearful targets as demonstrated by the magnitude of CSEs in terms of the RT, error rate, N2 amplitude and P3 latency. In addition, the results demonstrated that 5-year-old children processed S-S emotional conflicts and S-R emotional conflicts differently and performed better on S-S emotional conflicts than on S-R emotional conflicts according to the comparison of the RT-CSE and P3 latency-CSE values. The current study provides insight into how emotionally salient stimuli affect cognitive processes among preschool children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danfeng Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tongran Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiannong Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Learning and Philosophy, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu T, Xiao T, Shi J. Neural Correlates of Response Inhibition and Conflict Control on Facial Expressions. Front Hum Neurosci 2018; 11:657. [PMID: 29375351 PMCID: PMC5767249 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Response inhibition and conflict control on affective information can be regarded as two important emotion regulation and cognitive control processes. The emotional Go/Nogo flanker paradigm was adopted and participant’s event-related potentials (ERPs) were analyzed to investigate how response inhibition and conflict control interplayed. The behavioral findings revealed that participants showed higher accuracy to identify happy faces in congruent condition relative to that in incongruent condition. The electrophysiological results manifested that response inhibition and conflict control interplayed during the detection/conflict monitoring stage, and Nogo-N2 was more negative in the incongruent trials than the congruent trials. With regard to the inhibitory control/conflict resolution stage, Nogo responses induced greater frontal P3 and parietal P3 responses than Go responses did. The difference waveforms of N2 and parietal P3 showed that response inhibition and conflict control had distinct processes, and the multiple responses requiring both conflict control and response inhibition processes induced stronger monitoring and resolution processes than conflict control. The current study manifested that response inhibition and conflict control on emotional information required separable neural mechanisms during emotion regulation processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tongran Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Xiao
- Natural Language Processing Laboratory, Northeastern University, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiannong Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Learning and Philosophy, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang K, Wu W, Zhong H, Cheng J. Gender differences in performance for young adults in cognitive tasks under emotional conflict. Neurosci Lett 2017; 661:77-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.09.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
12
|
Im HY, Albohn DN, Steiner TG, Cushing CA, Adams RB, Kveraga K. Differential hemispheric and visual stream contributions to ensemble coding of crowd emotion. Nat Hum Behav 2017; 1:828-842. [PMID: 29226255 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-017-0225-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In crowds, where scrutinizing individual facial expressions is inefficient, humans can make snap judgments about the prevailing mood by reading "crowd emotion". We investigated how the brain accomplishes this feat in a set of behavioral and fMRI studies. Participants were asked to either avoid or approach one of two crowds of faces presented in the left and right visual hemifields. Perception of crowd emotion was improved when crowd stimuli contained goal-congruent cues and was highly lateralized to the right hemisphere. The dorsal visual stream was preferentially activated in crowd emotion processing, with activity in the intraparietal sulcus and superior frontal gyrus predicting perceptual accuracy for crowd emotion perception, whereas activity in the fusiform cortex in the ventral stream predicted better perception of individual facial expressions. Our findings thus reveal significant behavioral differences and differential involvement of the hemispheres and the major visual streams in reading crowd versus individual face expressions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hee Yeon Im
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA.,Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Daniel N Albohn
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Troy G Steiner
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Cody A Cushing
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Reginald B Adams
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Kestutis Kveraga
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA. .,Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Singh D, Sunny MM. Emotion Induced Blindness Is More Sensitive to Changes in Arousal As Compared to Valence of the Emotional Distractor. Front Psychol 2017; 8:1381. [PMID: 28861017 PMCID: PMC5559538 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Emotion Induced Blindness (EIB) refers to the impairment in the identification of a neutral target image that follows a threatening or fearful distractor image. It has been suggested that valence plays a significant role in driving the perceptual impairment in EIB. Recent findings from the literature suggest that arousal has a very important role in biasing early cognitive functions. Hence, in the present study, we systematically investigate the role of valence (Experiment 1) and arousal (Experiment 2) in determining the impairment in EIB. The results suggest that when valence is controlled for, the stimuli with higher arousal level lead to greater impairment in target detection. Moreover, under high arousal condition, both positive and negative stimuli lead to significantly greater impairment in target detection. Present study suggests that impairment in EIB is sensitive to the arousal component of the emotional image as compared to valence. The arousal biased competition account that explains the effect of arousal on cognitive processing can sufficiently explains the current results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Divita Singh
- Centre for Cognitive Science, Indian Institute of Technology GandhinagarGandhinagar, India
| | - Meera M Sunny
- Centre for Cognitive Science, Indian Institute of Technology GandhinagarGandhinagar, India
| |
Collapse
|