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Brondi M, Bruzzone M, Lodovichi C, dal Maschio M. Optogenetic Methods to Investigate Brain Alterations in Preclinical Models. Cells 2022; 11:1848. [PMID: 35681542 PMCID: PMC9180859 DOI: 10.3390/cells11111848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Investigating the neuronal dynamics supporting brain functions and understanding how the alterations in these mechanisms result in pathological conditions represents a fundamental challenge. Preclinical research on model organisms allows for a multiscale and multiparametric analysis in vivo of the neuronal mechanisms and holds the potential for better linking the symptoms of a neurological disorder to the underlying cellular and circuit alterations, eventually leading to the identification of therapeutic/rescue strategies. In recent years, brain research in model organisms has taken advantage, along with other techniques, of the development and continuous refinement of methods that use light and optical approaches to reconstruct the activity of brain circuits at the cellular and system levels, and to probe the impact of the different neuronal components in the observed dynamics. These tools, combining low-invasiveness of optical approaches with the power of genetic engineering, are currently revolutionizing the way, the scale and the perspective of investigating brain diseases. The aim of this review is to describe how brain functions can be investigated with optical approaches currently available and to illustrate how these techniques have been adopted to study pathological alterations of brain physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Brondi
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council-CNR, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy; (M.B.); (C.L.)
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Via Orus 2, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Matteo Bruzzone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via U. Bassi 58B, 35121 Padova, Italy;
- Padova Neuroscience Center (PNC), Università degli Studi di Padova, Via Orus 2, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Claudia Lodovichi
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council-CNR, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy; (M.B.); (C.L.)
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Via Orus 2, 35129 Padova, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via U. Bassi 58B, 35121 Padova, Italy;
- Padova Neuroscience Center (PNC), Università degli Studi di Padova, Via Orus 2, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Marco dal Maschio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via U. Bassi 58B, 35121 Padova, Italy;
- Padova Neuroscience Center (PNC), Università degli Studi di Padova, Via Orus 2, 35129 Padova, Italy
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Intravital mesoscopic fluorescence molecular tomography allows non-invasive in vivo monitoring and quantification of breast cancer growth dynamics. Commun Biol 2021; 4:556. [PMID: 33976362 PMCID: PMC8113483 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02063-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Preclinical breast tumor models are an invaluable tool to systematically study tumor progression and treatment response, yet methods to non-invasively monitor the involved molecular and mechanistic properties under physiologically relevant conditions are limited. Here we present an intravital mesoscopic fluorescence molecular tomography (henceforth IFT) approach that is capable of tracking fluorescently labeled tumor cells in a quantitative manner inside the mammary gland of living mice. Our mesoscopic approach is entirely non-invasive and thus permits prolonged observational periods of several months. The relatively high sensitivity and spatial resolution further enable inferring the overall number of oncogene-expressing tumor cells as well as their tumor volume over the entire cycle from early tumor growth to residual disease following the treatment phase. Our IFT approach is a promising method for studying tumor growth dynamics in a quantitative and longitudinal fashion in-vivo.
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Tang Q, Tsytsarev V, Yan F, Wang C, Erzurumlu RS, Chen Y. In vivo voltage-sensitive dye imaging of mouse cortical activity with mesoscopic optical tomography. NEUROPHOTONICS 2020; 7:041402. [PMID: 33274250 PMCID: PMC7708784 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.7.4.041402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Cellular layering is a hallmark of the mammalian neocortex with layer and cell type-specific connections within the cortical mantle and subcortical connections. A key challenge in studying circuit function within the neocortex is to understand the spatial and temporal patterns of information flow between different columns and layers. Aim: We aimed to investigate the three-dimensional (3D) layer- and area-specific interactions in mouse cortex in vivo. Approach: We applied a new promising neuroimaging method-fluorescence laminar optical tomography in combination with voltage-sensitive dye imaging (VSDi). VSDi is a powerful technique for interrogating membrane potential dynamics in assemblies of cortical neurons, but it is traditionally used for two-dimensional (2D) imaging. Our mesoscopic technique allows visualization of neuronal activity in a 3D manner with high temporal resolution. Results: We first demonstrated the depth-resolved capability of 3D mesoscopic imaging technology in Thy1-ChR2-YFP transgenic mice. Next, we recorded the long-range functional projections between sensory cortex (S1) and motor cortex (M1) in mice, in vivo, following single whisker deflection. Conclusions: The results show that mesoscopic imaging technique has the potential to investigate the layer-specific neural connectivity in the mouse cortex in vivo. Combination of mesoscopic imaging technique with optogenetic control strategy is a promising platform for determining depth-resolved interactions between cortical circuit elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinggong Tang
- University of Oklahoma, Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, Norman, Oklahoma, United States
- University of Maryland, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, College Park, Maryland, United States
- Address all correspondence to Qinggong Tang, ; Reha S. Erzurumlu, ; Yu Chen,
| | - Vassiliy Tsytsarev
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Feng Yan
- University of Oklahoma, Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, Norman, Oklahoma, United States
| | - Chen Wang
- University of Oklahoma, Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, Norman, Oklahoma, United States
| | - Reha S. Erzurumlu
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
- Address all correspondence to Qinggong Tang, ; Reha S. Erzurumlu, ; Yu Chen,
| | - Yu Chen
- University of Maryland, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, College Park, Maryland, United States
- University of Massachusetts, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States
- Address all correspondence to Qinggong Tang, ; Reha S. Erzurumlu, ; Yu Chen,
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Gaitan B, Inglut CT, Liu Y, Chen Y, Huang HC. Depth-resolved imaging of photosensitizer in the rodent brain using fluorescence laminar optical tomography. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2020; 25:JBO-200139R. [PMID: 32981239 PMCID: PMC7519352 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.25.9.096007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Previous studies have been performed to image photosensitizers in certain organs and tumors using fluorescence laminar optical tomography. Currently, no work has yet been published to quantitatively compare the signal compensation of fluorescence laminar optical tomography with two-dimensional (2-D) imaging in tissues. AIM The purpose of this study is to quantify the benefit that fluorescence laminar optical tomography holds over 2-D imaging. We compared fluorescence laminar optical tomography with maximum intensity projection imaging to simulate 2-D imaging, as this would be the most similar and stringent comparison. APPROACH A capillary filled with a photosensitizer was placed in a phantom and ex vivo rodent brains, with fluorescence laminar optical tomography and maximum intensity projection images obtained. The signal loss in the Z direction was quantified and compared to see which methodology could compensate better for signal loss caused by tissue attenuation. RESULTS The results demonstrated that we can reconstruct a capillary filled with benzoporphyrin derivative photosensitizers faithfully in phantoms and in ex vivo rodent brain tissues using fluorescence laminar optical tomography. We further demonstrated that we can better compensate for signal loss when compared with maximum intensity projection imaging. CONCLUSIONS Using fluorescence laminar optical tomography (FLOT), one can compensate for signal loss in deeper parts of tissue when imaging in ex vivo rodent brain tissue compared with maximum intensity projection imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Gaitan
- University of Maryland College Park, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, College Park, Maryland, United States
| | - Collin T. Inglut
- University of Maryland College Park, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, College Park, Maryland, United States
| | - Yi Liu
- University of Maryland College Park, College of Computer Science, College Park, Maryland, United States
| | - Yu Chen
- University of Massachusetts-Amherst, S617 Life Science Laboratories, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States
- Address all correspondence to Yu Chen, E-mail: ; Huang-Chiao Huang, E-mail:
| | - Huang-Chiao Huang
- University of Maryland College Park, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, College Park, Maryland, United States
- University of Maryland, Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
- Address all correspondence to Yu Chen, E-mail: ; Huang-Chiao Huang, E-mail:
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Tang Q, Nagaya T, Liu Y, Horng H, Lin J, Sato K, Kobayashi H, Chen Y. 3D mesoscopic fluorescence tomography for imaging micro-distribution of antibody-photon absorber conjugates during near infrared photoimmunotherapy in vivo. J Control Release 2018; 279:171-180. [PMID: 29673644 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
As a novel low-side-effect cancer therapy, photo-immunotherapy (PIT) is based on conjugating monoclonal antibody (mAb) with a near-infrared (NIR) phthalocyanine dye IRDye700DX (IR 700). IR700 is not only fluorescent to be used as an imaging agent, but also phototoxic. When illuminating with NIR light, PIT can induce highly-selective cancer cell death while leaving most of tumor blood vessels unharmed, leading to an effect termed super-enhanced permeability and retention (SUPR), which can significantly improve the effectiveness of anti-cancer drug. Currently, the therapeutic effects of PIT are monitored using 2D macroscopic fluorescence reflectance imager, which lacks the resolution and depth information to reveal the 3D distribution of mAb-IR700. In the study, we applied a multi-modal optical imaging approach including high-resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT) and high-sensitivity fluorescence laminar optical tomography (FLOT), to provide 3D tumor micro-structure and micro-distribution of mAb-IR700 in the tumor simultaneously during PIT in situ and in vivo. The multi-wavelength FLOT can also provide the blood vessels morphology of the tumor. Thus, the 3D FLOT reconstructed images allow us to evaluate the IR700 fluorescence distribution change with respect to the blood vessels and at different tumor locations/depths non-invasively, thereby enabling evaluation of the therapeutic effects in vivo and optimization of treatment regimens accordingly. The mAb-IR700 can access more tumor areas after PIT treatment, which can be explained by increased vascular permeability immediately after NIR-PIT. Two-photon microscopy was also used to record the mAb-IR700 on the tumor surface near the blood vessels to verify the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinggong Tang
- University of Maryland, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, 2218 Jeong H.Kim Engineering Building, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Tadanobu Nagaya
- National Institute of Health, National Cancer Institute, Molecular Imaging Program, Bldg 10, Room B3B47, Bethesda, MD 20892-1088, United States
| | - Yi Liu
- University of Maryland, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, 2218 Jeong H.Kim Engineering Building, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Hannah Horng
- University of Maryland, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, 2218 Jeong H.Kim Engineering Building, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Jonathan Lin
- University of Maryland, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, 2218 Jeong H.Kim Engineering Building, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Kazuhide Sato
- National Institute of Health, National Cancer Institute, Molecular Imaging Program, Bldg 10, Room B3B47, Bethesda, MD 20892-1088, United States
| | - Hisataka Kobayashi
- National Institute of Health, National Cancer Institute, Molecular Imaging Program, Bldg 10, Room B3B47, Bethesda, MD 20892-1088, United States.
| | - Yu Chen
- University of Maryland, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, 2218 Jeong H.Kim Engineering Building, College Park, MD 20742, United States.
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Tang Q, Piard C, Lin J, Nan K, Guo T, Caccamese J, Fisher J, Chen Y. Imaging stem cell distribution, growth, migration, and differentiation in 3-D scaffolds for bone tissue engineering using mesoscopic fluorescence tomography. Biotechnol Bioeng 2018; 115:257-265. [PMID: 28921540 PMCID: PMC5699959 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Regenerative medicine has emerged as an important discipline that aims to repair injury or replace damaged tissues or organs by introducing living cells or functioning tissues. Successful regenerative medicine strategies will likely depend upon a simultaneous optimization strategy for the design of biomaterials, cell-seeding methods, cell-biomaterial interactions, and molecular signaling within the engineered tissues. It remains a challenge to image three-dimensional (3-D) structures and functions of the cell-seeded scaffold in mesoscopic scale (>2 ∼ 3 mm). In this study, we utilized angled fluorescence laminar optical tomography (aFLOT), which allows depth-resolved molecular characterization of engineered tissues in 3-D to investigate cell viability, migration, and bone mineralization within bone tissue engineering scaffolds in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinggong Tang
- University of Maryland, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, 2218 Jeong H. Kim Engineering Building, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Charlotte Piard
- University of Maryland, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, 2218 Jeong H. Kim Engineering Building, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Jonathan Lin
- University of Maryland, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, 2218 Jeong H. Kim Engineering Building, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Kai Nan
- University of Maryland, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, 2218 Jeong H. Kim Engineering Building, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Ting Guo
- University of Maryland, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, 2218 Jeong H. Kim Engineering Building, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - John Caccamese
- University of Maryland School of Dentistry, 1217 Dental School, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - John Fisher
- University of Maryland, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, 2218 Jeong H. Kim Engineering Building, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Yu Chen
- University of Maryland, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, 2218 Jeong H. Kim Engineering Building, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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Yang F, Ozturk MS, Yao R, Intes X. Improving mesoscopic fluorescence molecular tomography through data reduction. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 8:3868-3881. [PMID: 28856056 PMCID: PMC5560847 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.003868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Mesoscopic fluorescence molecular tomography (MFMT) is a novel imaging technique that aims at obtaining the 3-D distribution of molecular probes inside biological tissues at depths of a few millimeters. To achieve high resolution, around 100-150μm scale in turbid samples, dense spatial sampling strategies are required. However, a large number of optodes leads to sizable forward and inverse problems that can be challenging to compute efficiently. In this work, we propose a two-step data reduction strategy to accelerate the inverse problem and improve robustness. First, data selection is performed via signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) criteria. Then principal component analysis (PCA) is applied to further reduce the size of the sensitivity matrix. We perform numerical simulations and phantom experiments to validate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy. In both in silico and in vitro cases, we are able to significantly improve the quality of MFMT reconstructions while reducing the computation times by close to a factor of two.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fugang Yang
- School of Information and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Institute of Business and Technology, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Mehmet S. Ozturk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Ruoyang Yao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Xavier Intes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA
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Tang Q, Liu Y, Tsytsarev V, Lin J, Wang B, Kanniyappan U, Li Z, Chen Y. High-dynamic-range fluorescence laminar optical tomography (HDR-FLOT). BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 8:2124-2137. [PMID: 28736659 PMCID: PMC5516817 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.002124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional fluorescence laminar optical tomography (FLOT) can achieve resolutions of 100-200 µm and penetration depths of 2-3 mm. FLOT has been used in tissue engineering, neuroscience, as well as oncology. The limited dynamic range of the charge-coupled device-based system makes it difficult to image fluorescent samples with a large concentration difference, limits its penetration depth, and diminishes the quantitative accuracy of 3D reconstruction data. Here, incorporating the high-dynamic-range (HDR) method widely used in digital cameras, we present HDR-FLOT, increasing penetration depth and improving the ability to image fluorescent samples with a large concentration difference. The method was tested using an agar phantom and a B6 mouse for brain imaging in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinggong Tang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
- Contributed equally
| | - Yi Liu
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
- Contributed equally
| | - Vassiliy Tsytsarev
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA
| | - Jonathan Lin
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - Bohan Wang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - Udayakumar Kanniyappan
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - Zhifang Li
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Photonic and Electronic Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
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Tsytsarev V, Akkentli F, Pumbo E, Tang Q, Chen Y, Erzurumlu RS, Papkovsky DB. Planar implantable sensor for in vivo measurement of cellular oxygen metabolism in brain tissue. J Neurosci Methods 2017; 281:1-6. [PMID: 28219725 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain imaging methods are continually improving. Imaging of the cerebral cortex is widely used in both animal experiments and charting human brain function in health and disease. Among the animal models, the rodent cerebral cortex has been widely used because of patterned neural representation of the whiskers on the snout and relative ease of activating cortical tissue with whisker stimulation. NEW METHOD We tested a new planar solid-state oxygen sensor comprising a polymeric film with a phosphorescent oxygen-sensitive coating on the working side, to monitor dynamics of oxygen metabolism in the cerebral cortex following sensory stimulation. RESULTS Sensory stimulation led to changes in oxygenation and deoxygenation processes of activated areas in the barrel cortex. We demonstrate the possibility of dynamic mapping of relative changes in oxygenation in live mouse brain tissue with such a sensor. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHOD Oxygenation-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is very effective method for functional brain mapping but have high costs and limited spatial resolution. Optical imaging of intrinsic signal (IOS) does not provide the required sensitivity, and voltage-sensitive dye optical imaging (VSDi) has limited applicability due to significant toxicity of the voltage-sensitive dye. Our planar solid-state oxygen sensor imaging approach circumvents these limitations, providing a simple optical contrast agent with low toxicity and rapid application. CONCLUSIONS The planar solid-state oxygen sensor described here can be used as a tool in visualization and real-time analysis of sensory-evoked neural activity in vivo. Further, this approach allows visualization of local neural activity with high temporal and spatial resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassiliy Tsytsarev
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 20 Penn Street, HSF-2, 21201 MD, Baltimore, USA.
| | - Fatih Akkentli
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 20 Penn Street, HSF-2, 21201 MD, Baltimore, USA.
| | - Elena Pumbo
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington DC, 111 Michigan Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20010, USA.
| | - Qinggong Tang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Kim Engineering Building, College Park, MD 20740, USA.
| | - Yu Chen
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Kim Engineering Building, College Park, MD 20740, USA.
| | - Reha S Erzurumlu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 20 Penn Street, HSF-2, 21201 MD, Baltimore, USA.
| | - Dmitri B Papkovsky
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cavanagh Pharmacy Building 1.28, College Road, Cork, Ireland.
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Tang Q, Lin J, Tsytsarev V, Erzurumlu RS, Liu Y, Chen Y. Review of mesoscopic optical tomography for depth-resolved imaging of hemodynamic changes and neural activities. NEUROPHOTONICS 2017; 4:011009. [PMID: 27990452 PMCID: PMC5108095 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.4.1.011009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the functional wiring of neural circuits and their patterns of activation following sensory stimulations is a fundamental task in the field of neuroscience. Furthermore, charting the activity patterns is undoubtedly important to elucidate how neural networks operate in the living brain. However, optical imaging must overcome the effects of light scattering in the tissue, which limit the light penetration depth and affect both the imaging quantitation and sensitivity. Laminar optical tomography (LOT) is a three-dimensional (3-D) in-vivo optical imaging technique that can be used for functional imaging. LOT can achieve both a resolution of 100 to [Formula: see text] and a penetration depth of 2 to 3 mm based either on absorption or fluorescence contrast, as well as large field-of-view and high acquisition speed. These advantages make LOT suitable for 3-D depth-resolved functional imaging of the neural functions in the brain and spinal cords. We review the basic principles and instrumentations of representative LOT systems, followed by recent applications of LOT on 3-D imaging of neural activities in the rat forepaw stimulation model and mouse whisker-barrel system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinggong Tang
- University of Maryland, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, 2334 Jeong H. Kim Engineering Building, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Jonathan Lin
- University of Maryland, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, 2334 Jeong H. Kim Engineering Building, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Vassiliy Tsytsarev
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, 20 Penn Street, HSFII S251, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Reha S. Erzurumlu
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, 20 Penn Street, HSFII S251, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Yi Liu
- University of Maryland, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, 2334 Jeong H. Kim Engineering Building, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Yu Chen
- University of Maryland, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, 2334 Jeong H. Kim Engineering Building, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Address all correspondence to: Yu Chen, E-mail:
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Azimipour M, Sheikhzadeh M, Baumgartner R, Cullen PK, Helmstetter FJ, Chang WJ, Pashaie R. Fluorescence laminar optical tomography for brain imaging: system implementation and performance evaluation. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2017; 22:16003. [PMID: 28056143 PMCID: PMC5997009 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.22.1.016003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
We present our effort in implementing a fluorescence laminar optical tomography scanner which is specifically designed for noninvasive three-dimensional imaging of fluorescence proteins in the brains of small rodents. A laser beam, after passing through a cylindrical lens, scans the brain tissue from the surface while the emission signal is captured by the epi-fluorescence optics and is recorded using an electron multiplication CCD sensor. Image reconstruction algorithms are developed based on Monte Carlo simulation to model light–tissue interaction and generate the sensitivity matrices. To solve the inverse problem, we used the iterative simultaneous algebraic reconstruction technique. The performance of the developed system was evaluated by imaging microfabricated silicon microchannels embedded inside a substrate with optical properties close to the brain as a tissue phantom and ultimately by scanning brain tissue in vivo. Details of the hardware design and reconstruction algorithms are discussed and several experimental results are presented. The developed system can specifically facilitate neuroscience experiments where fluorescence imaging and molecular genetic methods are used to study the dynamics of the brain circuitries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Azimipour
- University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, 3200 North Cramer Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
| | - Mahya Sheikhzadeh
- University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, 3200 North Cramer Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
| | - Ryan Baumgartner
- University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, 3200 North Cramer Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
| | - Patrick K. Cullen
- University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, Psychology Department, 2441 East Hartford Avenue, 207 Garland Hall, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
| | - Fred J. Helmstetter
- University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, Psychology Department, 2441 East Hartford Avenue, 207 Garland Hall, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
| | - Woo-Jin Chang
- University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, Mechanical Engineering Department, 3200 North Cramer Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
| | - Ramin Pashaie
- University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, 3200 North Cramer Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
- Address all correspondence to: Ramin Pashaie, E-mail:
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Tang Q, Wang J, Frank A, Lin J, Li Z, Chen CW, Jin L, Wu T, Greenwald BD, Mashimo H, Chen Y. Depth-resolved imaging of colon tumor using optical coherence tomography and fluorescence laminar optical tomography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 7:5218-5232. [PMID: 28018738 PMCID: PMC5175565 DOI: 10.1364/boe.7.005218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Early detection of neoplastic changes remains a critical challenge in clinical cancer diagnosis and treatment. Many cancers arise from epithelial layers such as those of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Current standard endoscopic technology is difficult to detect the subsurface lesions. In this research, we investigated the feasibility of a novel multi-modal optical imaging approach including high-resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT) and high-sensitivity fluorescence laminar optical tomography (FLOT) for structural and molecular imaging. The C57BL/6J-ApcMin/J mice were imaged using OCT and FLOT, and the correlated histopathological diagnosis was obtained. Quantitative structural (scattering coefficient) and molecular (relative enzyme activity) parameters were obtained from OCT and FLOT images for multi-parametric analysis. This multi-modal imaging method has demonstrated the feasibility for more accurate diagnosis with 88.23% (82.35%) for sensitivity (specificity) compared to either modality alone. This study suggested that combining OCT and FLOT is promising for subsurface cancer detection, diagnosis, and characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinggong Tang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Jianting Wang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Aaron Frank
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Jonathan Lin
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Zhifang Li
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Photonic and Electronic Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Chao-wei Chen
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Lily Jin
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Tongtong Wu
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Bruce D. Greenwald
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Hiroshi Mashimo
- Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, West Roxbury, MA 02132, USA
| | - Yu Chen
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Photonic and Electronic Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
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