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Hu Y, He Z, Liu S, Ying W, Chen Y, Zhao M, He M, Wu X, Tang Y, Gu W, Ying M, Wang J, Tao T. Patient-derived rhabdomyosarcoma cells recapitulate the genetic and transcriptomic landscapes of primary tumors. iScience 2024; 27:110862. [PMID: 39319271 PMCID: PMC11417342 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in childhood and adolescence. The availability of appropriate and well-characterized preclinical models for RMS is limited, posing a challenge for investigating the molecular mechanisms and evaluating new targeted compounds in preclinical settings. Here, we collected 51 RMS specimens (referred to as ZJUCH-RMS cohort) and established 9 patient-derived cells (PDCs) and validated the identity of these cells by the expression of RMS-specific markers. Whole-transcriptome analysis identified high-confidence mutations in ZJUCH-RMS cohort including RAS, TP53, ARID1A, MYOD1, and MYCN. Further studies showed that RMS PDCs retained the genetic alterations and the expression of RMS hallmark and dependency genes in matched primary tumors and acted as valuable tools to assess drug responses and pharmacogenomic interactions. Our study provides unique PDCs that are available for preclinical studies of RMS and further advances the feasibility of RMS PDCs as valuable tools for developing personalized treatments for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Hu
- Pediatric Cancer Research Center, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Children’s Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
- The First Clinical Institute, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Ziqi He
- Pediatric Cancer Research Center, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Children’s Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
- The First Clinical Institute, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Shuangai Liu
- Pediatric Cancer Research Center, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Children’s Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
- The First Clinical Institute, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Wenwen Ying
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yifan Chen
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Manli Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Children’s Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Min He
- Pediatric Cancer Research Center, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Children’s Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Xuan Wu
- Pediatric Cancer Research Center, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Children’s Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Yinbing Tang
- Pediatric Cancer Research Center, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Children’s Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Weizhong Gu
- Department of Pathology, Children’s Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Meidan Ying
- Pediatric Cancer Research Center, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jinhu Wang
- Pediatric Cancer Research Center, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Children’s Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Neonatal Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ting Tao
- Pediatric Cancer Research Center, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Children’s Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Neonatal Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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2
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Elfar GA, Aning O, Ngai TW, Yeo P, Chan JWK, Sim SH, Goh L, Yuan J, Phua CZJ, Yeo JZZ, Mak SY, Goh BKP, Chow PKH, Tam WL, Ho YS, Cheok CF. p53-dependent crosstalk between DNA replication integrity and redox metabolism mediated through a NRF2-PARP1 axis. Nucleic Acids Res 2024:gkae811. [PMID: 39315696 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 08/24/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms underlying p53-mediated protection of the replicating genome remain elusive, despite the quintessential role of p53 in maintaining genomic stability. Here, we uncover an unexpected function of p53 in curbing replication stress by limiting PARP1 activity and preventing the unscheduled degradation of deprotected stalled forks. We searched for p53-dependent factors and elucidated RRM2B as a prime factor. Deficiency in p53/RRM2B results in the activation of an NRF2 antioxidant transcriptional program, with a concomitant elevation in basal PARylation in cells. Dissecting the consequences of p53/RRM2B loss revealed a crosstalk between redox metabolism and genome integrity that is negotiated through a hitherto undescribed NRF2-PARP1 axis, and pinpoint G6PD as a primary oxidative stress-induced NRF2 target and activator of basal PARylation. This study elucidates how loss of p53 could be destabilizing for the replicating genome and, importantly, describes an unanticipated crosstalk between redox metabolism, PARP1 and p53 tumor suppressor pathway that is broadly relevant in cancers and can be leveraged therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamal Ahmed Elfar
- NUS Department of Pathology, National University of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Obed Aning
- NUS Department of Pathology, National University of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore
| | - Tsz Wai Ngai
- NUS Department of Pathology, National University of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore
| | - Pearlyn Yeo
- NUS Department of Pathology, National University of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore
| | - Joel Wai Kit Chan
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Shang Hong Sim
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Leonard Goh
- NUS Department of Pathology, National University of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore
| | - Ju Yuan
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Cheryl Zi Jin Phua
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Joanna Zhen Zhen Yeo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Shi Ya Mak
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute (BTI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Brian Kim Poh Goh
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore and National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Pierce Kah-Hoe Chow
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore and National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
- Surgery Academic ClinicalProgramme, Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wai Leong Tam
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ying Swan Ho
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute (BTI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Chit Fang Cheok
- NUS Department of Pathology, National University of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore
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3
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Cigliano A, Liao W, Deiana GA, Rizzo D, Chen X, Calvisi DF. Preclinical Models of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Current Utility, Limitations, and Challenges. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1624. [PMID: 39062197 PMCID: PMC11274649 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the predominant primary liver tumor, remains one of the most lethal cancers worldwide, despite the advances in therapy in recent years. In addition to the traditional chemically and dietary-induced HCC models, a broad spectrum of novel preclinical tools have been generated following the advent of transgenic, transposon, organoid, and in silico technologies to overcome this gloomy scenario. These models have become rapidly robust preclinical instruments to unravel the molecular pathogenesis of liver cancer and establish new therapeutic approaches against this deadly disease. The present review article aims to summarize and discuss the commonly used preclinical models for HCC, evaluating their strengths and weaknesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Cigliano
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.C.); (G.A.D.); (D.R.)
| | - Weiting Liao
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (W.L.); (X.C.)
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Giovanni A. Deiana
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.C.); (G.A.D.); (D.R.)
| | - Davide Rizzo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.C.); (G.A.D.); (D.R.)
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (W.L.); (X.C.)
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Diego F. Calvisi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.C.); (G.A.D.); (D.R.)
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Pipiya VV, Gilazieva ZE, Issa SS, Rizvanov AA, Solovyeva VV. Comparison of primary and passaged tumor cell cultures and their application in personalized medicine. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2024; 5:581-599. [PMID: 38966179 PMCID: PMC11220317 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2024.00237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Passaged cell lines represent currently an integral component in various studies of malignant neoplasms. These cell lines are utilized for drug screening both in monolayer cultures or as part of three-dimensional (3D) tumor models. They can also be used to model the tumor microenvironment in vitro and in vivo through xenotransplantation into immunocompromised animals. However, immortalized cell lines have some limitations of their own. The homogeneity of cell line populations and the extensive passaging in monolayer systems make these models distant from the original disease. Recently, there has been a growing interest among scientists in the use of primary cell lines, as these are passaged directly from human tumor tissues. In this case, cells retain the morphological and functional characteristics of the tissue from which they were derived, an advantage often not observed in passaged cultures. This review highlights the advantages and limitations of passaged and primary cell cultures, their similarities and differences, as well as existing test systems that are based on primary and passaged cell cultures for drug screening purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladislava V. Pipiya
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Zarema E. Gilazieva
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Shaza S. Issa
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Albert A. Rizvanov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
- Division of Medical and Biological Sciences, Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Valeriya V. Solovyeva
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
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5
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Chai C, Tang H, Yi J, Li L, Yu C, Su Y, Miao L, Ye Z, Wang Z, Luo W, Hu J, Zhang H, Miao X, Xu H, Zhou W. Establishment and characterization of DPC-X4: a novel mixed-type ampullary cancer cell line. Hum Cell 2024; 37:531-545. [PMID: 38253956 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-01023-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Mixed-type ampullary cancer is a distinct subtype of ampullary cancer that manifests a merging of the biological characteristics of both intestinal and pancreaticobiliary subtypes. The absence of established cell lines specific to this subtype has resulted in a concomitant scarcity of research on its tumorigenic mechanisms and the development of novel therapeutic modalities. The present study achieved the successful establishment of a novel mixed-type ampullary cancer cell line, designated DPC-X4 through primary culture techniques. Subsequent analyses pertaining to phenotypic characteristics, molecular profiling, biomarker identification, and histological features validated the DPC-X4 cell line as a potent model for delineating the pathogenesis of mixed-type ampullary cancer and facilitating the development of new pharmacological agents. This newly established cell line was subjected to continuous cultivation for 1 year, with stable passaging for over 50 generations. Notably, the DPC-X4 cell line manifested typical morphological features associated with epithelial tumors. Furthermore, the population doubling time for the DPC-X4 cell line was determined at 70 h. Short tandem repeat (STR) analysis confirmed that the DPC-X4 cell line exhibited a high genetic concordance with the primary tumor from the patient. Karyotypic profiling indicated an abnormal sub-triploid karyotype, with representative karyotypes of 57, XXY inv (9), 14p + , 15p + , der (17), + mar. The DPC-X4 cell line demonstrated a high capacity for efficient organoid formation under suspension culture conditions. In addition, the subcutaneous inoculation of DPC-X4 cells into NXG mice led to the formation of xenografted tumors. The results of drug sensitivity testing indicated that DPC-X4 cells were sensitive to paclitaxel and resistant to oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil, and gemcitabine. Immunohistochemistry revealed positive expression of CK7, CK19, and CK20 in DPC-X4 cells, while CDX2 demonstrated negative expression. In addition, positive expression of E-cadherin and vimentin was identified in DPC-X4 cells, with a proliferation index indicated by Ki-67 at 70%. The findings of our study establish DPC-X4 as a novel mixed-type ampullary cancer cell line, which can serve as a potential experimental model for exploring the pathogenesis of ampullary cancer and the development of therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changpeng Chai
- The Fourth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Huan Tang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jianfeng Yi
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Department of Surgery, The First School of Clinical Medicine of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Lu Li
- The Fourth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Cheng Yu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yuanhui Su
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Long Miao
- The Fourth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zhenzhen Ye
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zhengfeng Wang
- The Fourth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Wei Luo
- The Fourth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jinjing Hu
- The Fourth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82 Cuiyingmen, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xin Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Hao Xu
- The Fourth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Wence Zhou
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82 Cuiyingmen, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Staffeldt L, Mattert G, Riecken K, Rövenstrunk G, Volkmar A, Heumann A, Moustafa M, Jücker M, Fehse B, Schumacher U, Lüth S, Kah J. Generating Patient-Derived HCC Cell Lines Suitable for Predictive In Vitro and In Vivo Drug Screening by Orthotopic Transplantation. Cells 2023; 13:82. [PMID: 38201286 PMCID: PMC10778205 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) results in high mortality due to ineffective systemic therapy. Human immortalized cell lines are commonly used to study anti-tumor effects in the context of new anti-tumor therapies and tumor biology. As immortalized cell lines have limited biological relevance and heterogeneity compared to primary cells, patient-derived tumor tissues, and corresponding immune cells are the gold standards for studying the complexity of individual tumor entities. However, culturing primary HCC cells has a low success rate. Here, we aimed to establish a reproducible approach to preserve the patient-derived liver cancer cells for in vitro and in vivo studies. The underlying study aimed to establish an in vitro pre-screening platform to test treatment options' effectivity and dosage, e.g., for new substances, autologous modified immune cells, or combined therapies in HCC. We initially employed 15 surgical resection specimens from patients with different HCC entities for isolation and preservation. The isolated liver cancer cells from four HCC-diagnosed patients were used for orthotopic transplantation into the healthy liver of immunodeficient mice, allowing them to grow for six months before human liver cancer cells were isolated and cultured. As a result, we generated and characterized four new primary-like liver cancer cell lines. Compared to immortalized HCC cell lines, freshly generated liver cancer cells displayed individual morphologies and heterogeneous protein-level characteristics. We assessed their ability to proliferate, migrate, form spheroids, and react to common medications compared to immortalized HCC cell lines. All four liver cancer cell lines exhibit strong migration and colony-forming characteristics in vitro, comparable to extensively investigated immortalized HCC cell lines. Moreover, the four etiological different liver cancer cell lines displayed differences in the response to 5-FU, Sorafenib, Axitinib, and interferon-alpha treatment, ranking from non-responders to responders depending on the applicated medication. In sum, we generated individual patient-derived liver cancer cell lines suitable for predictive in vitro drug screenings and for xenograft transplantations to realize the in vivo investigation of drug candidates. We overcame the low cultivation success rate of liver cancer cells derived from patients and analyzed their potential to serve a pre-clinical model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Staffeldt
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany (U.S.)
| | - Gregor Mattert
- Brandenburg Medical School, Center for Translational Medicine, 14770 Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany; (G.M.); (G.R.)
| | - Kristoffer Riecken
- Research Department Cell and Gene Therapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Götz Rövenstrunk
- Brandenburg Medical School, Center for Translational Medicine, 14770 Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany; (G.M.); (G.R.)
| | - Anika Volkmar
- Brandenburg Medical School, Center for Translational Medicine, 14770 Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany; (G.M.); (G.R.)
| | - Asmus Heumann
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mohamed Moustafa
- Department of Visceral Transplantation, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Jücker
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry and Signal Transduction, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Boris Fehse
- Research Department Cell and Gene Therapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel Partner Site, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Udo Schumacher
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany (U.S.)
- Medical School Berlin, Mecklenburgische Straße 57, 14197 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Lüth
- Brandenburg Medical School, Center for Translational Medicine, 14770 Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany; (G.M.); (G.R.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Brandenburg, 14770 Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany
| | - Janine Kah
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany (U.S.)
- Brandenburg Medical School, Center for Translational Medicine, 14770 Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany; (G.M.); (G.R.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Brandenburg, 14770 Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany
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7
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Zhang Z, Hui L. Progress in patient-derived liver cancer cell models: a step forward for precision medicine. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2023; 55:1707-1717. [PMID: 37766458 PMCID: PMC10679880 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2023224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of effective precision treatments for liver cancers has been hindered by the scarcity of preclinical models that accurately reflect the heterogeneity of this disease. Recent progress in developing patient-derived liver cancer cell lines and organoids has paved the way for precision medicine research. These expandable resources of liver cancer cell models enable a full spectrum of pharmacogenomic analysis for liver cancers. Moreover, patient-derived and short-term cultured two-dimensional tumor cells or three-dimensional organoids can serve as patient avatars, allowing for the prediction of patients' response to drugs and facilitating personalized treatment for liver cancer patients. Furthermore, the current novel techniques have expanded the scope of cancer research, including innovative organoid culture, gene editing and bioengineering. In this review, we provide an overview of the progress in patient-derived liver cancer cell models, focusing on their applications in precision and personalized medicine research. We also discuss the challenges and future perspectives in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengtao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of Life ScienceHangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou310024China
- State Key Laboratory of Cell BiologyShanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyCenter for Excellence in Molecular Cell ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200031China
| | - Lijian Hui
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of Life ScienceHangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou310024China
- State Key Laboratory of Cell BiologyShanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyCenter for Excellence in Molecular Cell ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200031China
- School of Life Science and TechnologyShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai200031China
- Institute for Stem Cell and RegenerationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
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8
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Chen K, Li Y, Wang B, Yan X, Tao Y, Song W, Xi Z, He K, Xia Q. Patient-derived models facilitate precision medicine in liver cancer by remodeling cell-matrix interaction. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1101324. [PMID: 37215109 PMCID: PMC10192760 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1101324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is an aggressive tumor originating in the liver with a dismal prognosis. Current evidence suggests that liver cancer is the fifth most prevalent cancer worldwide and the second most deadly type of malignancy. Tumor heterogeneity accounts for the differences in drug responses among patients, emphasizing the importance of precision medicine. Patient-derived models of cancer are widely used preclinical models to study precision medicine since they preserve tumor heterogeneity ex vivo in the study of many cancers. Patient-derived models preserving cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions better recapitulate in vivo conditions, including patient-derived xenografts (PDXs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), precision-cut liver slices (PCLSs), patient-derived organoids (PDOs), and patient-derived tumor spheroids (PDTSs). In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the different modalities used to establish preclinical models for precision medicine in liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiwen Chen
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Transplantation and Immunology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Transplantation, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanran Li
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Transplantation and Immunology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Transplantation, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingran Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Transplantation and Immunology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Transplantation, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuehan Yan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiying Tao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weizhou Song
- Ottawa-Shanghai Joint School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhifeng Xi
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Transplantation and Immunology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Transplantation, Shanghai, China
| | - Kang He
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Transplantation and Immunology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Transplantation, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Xia
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Transplantation and Immunology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Transplantation, Shanghai, China
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9
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Xu H, Miao X, Chai C, Tang H, Hu J, Zhao Z, Luo W, Zhu K, Zhou W. Establishment and characterization of a new Chinese hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, Hep-X1. Hum Cell 2023; 36:434-445. [PMID: 36152230 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00797-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly aggressive and heterogeneous disease. Cell lines are commonly employed as in vitro models for cell type studies. However, the success rate of HCC primary culture establishment is low. In this study, we successfully established a liver cancer cell line, Hep-X1. Primary culture and passage of surgically removed tissues were used to establish hepatoma cell lines. Morphological examination, short tandem repeat (STR) analysis, immunohistochemical staining, doubling time, karyotype analysis, plate tumor formation experiments, organoid culture, and in vivo tumor formation investigations in animals were used to identify the cell lines. A novel liver cancer cell line, Hep-X1, was established based on morphology, immunophenotype, cytogenetics, and STR analysis. The novel cell line can be a valuable model for studying primary liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xu
- The Forth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No.1 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
| | - Xin Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology & OIE/National Foot and Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory & Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, LanZhou, 730000, China
| | - Changpeng Chai
- The Forth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No.1 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Huan Tang
- The Forth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No.1 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Jinjing Hu
- The Forth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No.1 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Zhenjie Zhao
- The Forth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No.1 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Wei Luo
- The Forth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No.1 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Kexiang Zhu
- The Forth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No.1 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Wence Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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10
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Miao X, Hu J, Chai C, Tang H, Zhao Z, Luo W, Zhou W, Xu H. Establishment and characterization of a new intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cell line derived from a Chinese patient. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:418. [PMID: 36578029 PMCID: PMC9795767 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02840-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) require chemotherapy due to late detection, rapid disease progression, and low surgical resection rate. Tumor cell lines are extremely important in cancer research for drug discovery and development. Here, we established and characterized a new intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cell line, ICC-X1. STR testing confirmed the absence of cross-contamination and high similarity to the original tissue. ICC-X1 exhibited typical epithelial morphology and formed tumor spheres in the suspension culture. The population doubling time was approximately 48 h. The cell line had a complex hypotriploid karyotype. The cell line exhibited a strong migration ability in vitro and cell inoculation into BALB/c nude mice led to the formation of xenografts. Additionally, ICC-X1 cells were sensitive to gemcitabine and paclitaxel but resistant to 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin. RNA sequencing revealed that the upregulated cancer-related genes were mainly enriched in several signaling pathways, including the TNF signaling pathway, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, and NF-κB signaling pathway. The downregulated cancer-related genes were mainly enriched in the Rap1 signaling pathway and Hippo signaling pathway among other pathways. In conclusion, we have created a new ICC cell line derived from Chinese patients. This cell line can be used as a preclinical model to study ICC, specifically tumor metastasis and drug resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Miao
- grid.410727.70000 0001 0526 1937State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000 China
| | - Jinjing Hu
- grid.412643.60000 0004 1757 2902The Forth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000 Gansu China
| | - Changpeng Chai
- grid.412643.60000 0004 1757 2902The Forth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000 Gansu China
| | - Huan Tang
- grid.412643.60000 0004 1757 2902The Forth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000 Gansu China
| | - Zhenjie Zhao
- grid.412643.60000 0004 1757 2902The Forth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000 Gansu China
| | - Wei Luo
- grid.412643.60000 0004 1757 2902The Forth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000 Gansu China
| | - Wence Zhou
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 China ,grid.32566.340000 0000 8571 0482The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 China
| | - Hao Xu
- grid.412643.60000 0004 1757 2902The Forth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000 Gansu China
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11
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Desai N, Morris JS, Baladandayuthapani V. NetCellMatch: Multiscale Network-Based Matching of Cancer Cell Lines to Patients Using Graphical Wavelets. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200746. [PMID: 36279370 PMCID: PMC10066864 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cell lines serve as model in vitro systems for investigating therapeutic interventions. Recent advances in high-throughput genomic profiling have enabled the systematic comparison between cell lines and patient tumor samples. The highly interconnected nature of biological data, however, presents a challenge when mapping patient tumors to cell lines. Standard clustering methods can be particularly susceptible to the high level of noise present in these datasets and only output clusters at one unknown scale of the data. In light of these challenges, we present NetCellMatch, a robust framework for network-based matching of cell lines to patient tumors. NetCellMatch first constructs a global network across all cell line-patient samples using their genomic similarity. Then, a multi-scale community detection algorithm integrates information across topologically meaningful (clustering) scales to obtain Network-Based Matching Scores (NBMS). NBMS are measures of cluster robustness which map patient tumors to cell lines. We use NBMS to determine representative "avatar" cell lines for subgroups of patients. We apply NetCellMatch to reverse-phase protein array data obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas for patients and the MD Anderson Cell Line Project for cell lines. Along with avatar cell line identification, we evaluate connectivity patterns for breast, lung, and colon cancer and explore the proteomic profiles of avatars and their corresponding top matching patients. Our results demonstrate our framework's ability to identify both patient-cell line matches and potential proteomic drivers of similarity. Our methods are general and can be easily adapted to other'omic datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neel Desai
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Morris
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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12
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Autoantibody against Tumor-Associated Antigens as Diagnostic Biomarkers in Hispanic Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cells 2022; 11:cells11203227. [PMID: 36291095 PMCID: PMC9600682 DOI: 10.3390/cells11203227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) have been investigated for many years as potential early diagnosis tools, especially for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Nonetheless, very few studies have focused on the Hispanic HCC group that may be associated with distinct etiological risk factors. In the present study, we investigated novel anti-TAA autoantibodies as diagnostic biomarkers for Hispanic HCC patients. Methods: Novel TAA targets were identified by the serological proteome analysis (SERPA) and from differentially expressed HCC driver genes via bioinformatics. The autoantibody levels were validated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Among 19 potential TAA targets, 4 anti-TAA autoantibodies were investigated as potential diagnostic biomarkers with significantly high levels in Hispanic HCC sera, including DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A), p16, Hear shock protein 60 (Hsp60), and Heat shock protein A5 (HSPA5). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) value of the single autoantibodies varies from 0.7505 to 0.8885. After combining all 4 autoantibodies, the sensitivity of the autoantibody panel increased to 75% compared to the single one with the highest value of 45.8%. In a separate analysis of the Asian cohort, autoantibodies against HSPA5 and p16 showed significantly elevated levels in HCC compared to normal healthy controls, but not for DNMT3A or HSP60. Conclusion: Anti-DNMT3A, p16, HSPA5, and HSP60 autoantibodies have the potential to be diagnostic biomarkers for Hispanic HCC patients, of which DNMT3A and HSP60 might be exclusive for Hispanic HCC diagnosis.
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13
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Dong R, Zhang B, Zhang X. Liver organoids: an in vitro 3D model for liver cancer study. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:152. [PMID: 36085085 PMCID: PMC9463833 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00890-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary liver cancer (PLC) is the second leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide, and its morbidity unceasingly increases these years. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection accounted for approximately 50% of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases globally in 2015. Due to the lack of an effective model to study HBV-associated liver carcinogenesis, research has made slow progress. Organoid, an in vitro 3D model which maintains self-organization, has recently emerged as a powerful tool to investigate human diseases. In this review, we first summarize the categories and development of liver organoids. Then, we mainly focus on the functions of culture medium components and applications of organoids for HBV infection and HBV-associated liver cancer studies. Finally, we provide insights into a potential patient-derived organoid model from those infected with HBV based on our study, as well as the limitations and future applications of organoids in liver cancer research.
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14
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Lv S, Zhao X, Zhang E, Yan Y, Ma X, Li N, Zou Q, Sun L, Song T. Lysine demethylase KDM1A promotes cell growth via FKBP8-BCL2 axis in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102374. [PMID: 35970393 PMCID: PMC9478407 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a dismal prognosis. KDM1A, overexpressed in multiple cancer types, is a lysine demethylase that targets both histone and non-histone proteins. However, it is unclear how KDM1A expression affects HCC etiology. Here, we show KDM1A can interact with and demethylate FKBP8, a cytoplasmic protein which regulates cell survival through the anti-apoptotic protein BCL2. We show demethylation of FKBP8 enhances its ability to stabilize BCL2. Consistently, we observed positive correlation between KDM1A and BCL2 protein levels in liver cancer patients. Functionally, we reveal FKBP8 demethylation by KDM1A is critical for liver cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. We went on to explore the mechanisms that might regulate KDM1A cytoplasmic localization. We found the cytoplasmic localization and protein stability of KDM1A was promoted by acetylation at Lysine-117 by the acetyl transferase KAT8. In agreement with this, we show KDM1A-K117 acetylation promotes demethylation of FKBP8 and level of BCL2. Finally, it has been shown that the efficacy of Sorafenib, a first-line treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, is limited by clinical resistance. We show KDM1A and BCL2 protein levels are increased during acquired sorafenib-resistance, while inhibiting KDM1A can antagonize sorafenib-resistance. Collectively, these results define a functional KDM1A-FKBP8-BCL2 axis in hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suli Lv
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, China 430030
| | - Xuefeng Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, China 430030
| | - Erlei Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingying Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, China 430030
| | - Xianyun Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, China 430030
| | - Neng Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, China 430030
| | - Qingli Zou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, China 430030
| | - Lidong Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, China 430030; Cell Architecture Research Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
| | - Tanjing Song
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, China 430030; Cell Architecture Research Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
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15
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Abou-Melha K. Synthesis, characterization, and biological application of some transition metal complexes of N'-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-ylmethylene)isonicotinohydrazide. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Ye H, Sun M, Huang S, Xu F, Wang J, Liu H, Zhang L, Luo W, Guo W, Wu Z, Zhu J, Li H. Gene Network Analysis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Identifies Modules Associated with Disease Progression, Survival, and Chemo Drug Resistance. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:9333-9347. [PMID: 34898998 PMCID: PMC8654693 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s336729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. HCC transcriptome has been extensively studied; however, the progress in disease mechanisms, prognosis, and treatment is still slow. Methods A rank-based module-centric workflow was introduced to analyze important modules associated with HCC development, prognosis, and drug resistance. The currently largest HCC cell line RNA-Seq dataset from the LIMORE database was used to construct the reference modules by weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Results Thirteen reference modules were identified with validated reproducibility. These modules were all associated with specific biological functions. Differentially expressed module analysis revealed the crucial modules during HCC development. Modules and hub genes are indicative of patient survival. Modules can differentiate patients in different HCC stages. Furthermore, drug resistance was revealed by drug-module association analysis. Based on differentially expressed modules and hub genes, six candidate drugs were screened. The hub genes of those modules merit further investigation. Conclusion We proposed a reference module-based analysis of the HCC transcriptome. The identified modules are associated with HCC development, survival, and drug resistance. M3 and M6 may play important roles during HCV to HCC development. M1, M3, M5, and M7 are associated with HCC survival. High M4, high M9, low M1, and low M3 may be associated with dasatinib, doxorubicin, CD532, and simvastatin resistance. Our analysis provides useful information for HCC diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo Medical Treatment Center Lihuili Hospital, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315040, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengxia Sun
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiliang Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo Medical Treatment Center Lihuili Hospital, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315040, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo Medical Treatment Center Lihuili Hospital, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315040, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Ningbo Medical Treatment Center Lihuili Hospital, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315040, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiwei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo Medical Treatment Center Lihuili Hospital, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315040, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangshun Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo Medical Treatment Center Lihuili Hospital, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315040, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo Medical Treatment Center Lihuili Hospital, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315040, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenying Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo Medical Treatment Center Lihuili Hospital, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315040, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo Medical Treatment Center Lihuili Hospital, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315040, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Ningbo Medical Treatment Center Lihuili Hospital, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315040, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Ningbo Medical Treatment Center Lihuili Hospital, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315040, People's Republic of China
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17
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VAV2 is required for DNA repair and implicated in cancer radiotherapy resistance. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:322. [PMID: 34462423 PMCID: PMC8405816 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00735-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy remains the mainstay for treatment of various types of human cancer; however, the clinical efficacy is often limited by radioresistance, in which the underlying mechanism is largely unknown. Here, using esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) as a model, we demonstrate that guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 (VAV2), which is overexpressed in most human cancers, plays an important role in primary and secondary radioresistance. We have discovered for the first time that VAV2 is required for the Ku70/Ku80 complex formation and participates in non-homologous end joining repair of DNA damages caused by ionizing radiation. We show that VAV2 overexpression substantially upregulates signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) and the STAT1 inhibitor Fludarabine can significantly promote the sensitivity of radioresistant patient-derived ESCC xenografts in vivo in mice to radiotherapy. These results shed new light on the mechanism of cancer radioresistance, which may be important for improving clinical radiotherapy.
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18
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Blidisel A, Marcovici I, Coricovac D, Hut F, Dehelean CA, Cretu OM. Experimental Models of Hepatocellular Carcinoma-A Preclinical Perspective. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3651. [PMID: 34359553 PMCID: PMC8344976 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most frequent form of primary liver carcinoma, is a heterogenous and complex tumor type with increased incidence, poor prognosis, and high mortality. The actual therapeutic arsenal is narrow and poorly effective, rendering this disease a global health concern. Although considerable progress has been made in terms of understanding the pathogenesis, molecular mechanisms, genetics, and therapeutical approaches, several facets of human HCC remain undiscovered. A valuable and prompt approach to acquire further knowledge about the unrevealed aspects of HCC and novel therapeutic candidates is represented by the application of experimental models. Experimental models (in vivo and in vitro 2D and 3D models) are considered reliable tools to gather data for clinical usability. This review offers an overview of the currently available preclinical models frequently applied for the study of hepatocellular carcinoma in terms of initiation, development, and progression, as well as for the discovery of efficient treatments, highlighting the advantages and the limitations of each model. Furthermore, we also focus on the role played by computational studies (in silico models and artificial intelligence-based prediction models) as promising novel tools in liver cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Blidisel
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, RO-300041 Timișoara, Romania; (A.B.); (F.H.); (O.M.C.)
| | - Iasmina Marcovici
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, RO-300041 Timișoara, Romania;
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, RO-300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Dorina Coricovac
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, RO-300041 Timișoara, Romania;
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, RO-300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Florin Hut
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, RO-300041 Timișoara, Romania; (A.B.); (F.H.); (O.M.C.)
| | - Cristina Adriana Dehelean
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, RO-300041 Timișoara, Romania;
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, RO-300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Octavian Marius Cretu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, RO-300041 Timișoara, Romania; (A.B.); (F.H.); (O.M.C.)
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19
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Kong FE, Li GM, Tang YQ, Xi SY, Loong JHC, Li MM, Li HL, Cheng W, Zhu WJ, Mo JQ, Gong YF, Tang H, Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Ma S, Guan XY, Ma NF, Xie MB, Liu M. Targeting tumor lineage plasticity in hepatocellular carcinoma using an anti-CLDN6 antibody-drug conjugate. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:13/579/eabb6282. [PMID: 33536280 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abb6282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tumor lineage plasticity is emerging as a critical mechanism of therapeutic resistance and tumor relapse. Highly plastic tumor cells can undergo phenotypic switching to a drug-tolerant state to avoid drug toxicity. Here, we investigate the transmembrane tight junction protein Claudin6 (CLDN6) as a therapeutic target related to lineage plasticity for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). CLDN6 was highly expressed in embryonic stem cells but markedly decreased in normal tissues. Reactivation of CLDN6 was frequently observed in HCC tumor tissues as well as in premalignant lesions. Functional assays indicated that CLDN6 is not only a tumor-associated antigen but also conferred strong oncogenic effects in HCC. Overexpression of CLDN6 induced phenotypic shift of HCC cells from hepatic lineage to biliary lineage, which was more refractory to sorafenib treatment. The enhanced tumor lineage plasticity and cellular identity change were potentially induced by the CLDN6/TJP2 (tight junction protein 2)/YAP1 (Yes-associated protein 1) interacting axis and further activation of the Hippo signaling pathway. A de novo anti-CLDN6 monoclonal antibody conjugated with cytotoxic agent (Mertansine) DM1 (CLDN6-DM1) was developed. Preclinical data on both HCC cell lines and primary tumors showed the potent antitumor efficiency of CLDN6-DM1 as a single agent or in combination with sorafenib in HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan-En Kong
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China.,Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Guang-Meng Li
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Yun-Qiang Tang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Shao-Yan Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Jane Ho Chun Loong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong 852, Hong Kong
| | - Mei-Mei Li
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China.,Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Hao-Long Li
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China.,Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China.,Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Wen-Jie Zhu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China.,Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Jia-Qiang Mo
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yuan-Feng Gong
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Hui Tang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne 50923, Germany
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Stephanie Ma
- School of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong 852, Hong Kong
| | - Xin-Yuan Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China.,Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, University of Hong Kong 852, Hong Kong
| | - Ning-Fang Ma
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China.,Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Mao-Bin Xie
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China.
| | - Ming Liu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China. .,Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
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20
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Najgebauer H, Yang M, Francies HE, Pacini C, Stronach EA, Garnett MJ, Saez-Rodriguez J, Iorio F. CELLector: Genomics-Guided Selection of Cancer In Vitro Models. Cell Syst 2021; 10:424-432.e6. [PMID: 32437684 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2020.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Selecting appropriate cancer models is a key prerequisite for maximizing translational potential and clinical relevance of in vitro oncology studies. We developed CELLector: an R package and R Shiny application allowing researchers to select the most relevant cancer cell lines in a patient-genomic-guided fashion. CELLector leverages tumor genomics to identify recurrent subtypes with associated genomic signatures. It then evaluates these signatures in cancer cell lines to prioritize their selection. This enables users to choose appropriate in vitro models for inclusion or exclusion in retrospective analyses and future studies. Moreover, this allows bridging outcomes from cancer cell line screens to precisely defined sub-cohorts of primary tumors. Here, we demonstrate the usefulness and applicability of CELLector, showing how it can aid prioritization of in vitro models for future development and unveil patient-derived multivariate prognostic and therapeutic markers. CELLector is freely available at https://ot-cellector.shinyapps.io/CELLector_App/ (code at https://github.com/francescojm/CELLector and https://github.com/francescojm/CELLector_App).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Najgebauer
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK; European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Mi Yang
- Faculty of Medicine, Joint Research Centre for Computational Biomedicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52057, Germany
| | - Hayley E Francies
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Clare Pacini
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Euan A Stronach
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK; Functional Genomics GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, UK
| | - Mathew J Garnett
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Julio Saez-Rodriguez
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK; Faculty of Medicine, Joint Research Centre for Computational Biomedicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52057, Germany; Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, BIOQUANT-Center, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Francesco Iorio
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK; Human Technopole, 20157, Milano, Italy.
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21
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Loong JH, Wong TL, Tong M, Sharma R, Zhou L, Ng KY, Yu HJ, Li CH, Man K, Lo CM, Guan XY, Lee TK, Yun JP, Ma SK. Glucose deprivation-induced aberrant FUT1-mediated fucosylation drives cancer stemness in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:143377. [PMID: 33878034 PMCID: PMC8159685 DOI: 10.1172/jci143377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapidly growing tumors often experience hypoxia and nutrient (e.g., glucose) deficiency because of poor vascularization. Tumor cells respond to the cytotoxic effects of such stresses by inducing molecular adaptations that promote clonal selection of a more malignant tumor-initiating cell phenotype, especially in the innermost tumor regions. Here, we report a regulatory mechanism involving fucosylation by which glucose restriction promotes cancer stemness to drive drug resistance and tumor recurrence. Using hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as a model, we showed that restricted glucose availability enhanced the PERK/eIF2α/ATF4 signaling axis to drive fucosyltransferase 1 (FUT1) transcription via direct binding of ATF4 to the FUT1 promoter. FUT1 overexpression is a poor prognostic indicator for HCC. FUT1 inhibition could mitigate tumor initiation, self-renewal, and drug resistance. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that CD147, ICAM-1, EGFR, and EPHA2 are glycoprotein targets of FUT1, in which such fucosylation would consequently converge on deregulated AKT/mTOR/4EBP1 signaling to drive cancer stemness. Treatment with an α-(1,2)-fucosylation inhibitor sensitized HCC tumors to sorafenib, a first-line molecularly targeted drug used for advanced HCC patients, and reduced the tumor-initiating subset. FUT1 overexpression and/or CD147, ICAM-1, EGFR, and EPHA2 fucosylation may be good prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane H.C. Loong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine
| | - Tin-Lok Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine
| | - Man Tong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine
- State Key Laboratory of Liver Research
| | - Rakesh Sharma
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, Centre for PanorOmic Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, and
| | - Lei Zhou
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine
| | - Kai-Yu Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine
| | - Hua-Jian Yu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine
| | - Chi-Han Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine
| | - Kwan Man
- State Key Laboratory of Liver Research
- Department of Surgery, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- The University of Hong Kong – Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chung-Mau Lo
- State Key Laboratory of Liver Research
- Department of Surgery, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- The University of Hong Kong – Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Liver Research
- The University of Hong Kong – Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Terence K. Lee
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jing-Ping Yun
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Stephanie K.Y. Ma
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine
- State Key Laboratory of Liver Research
- The University of Hong Kong – Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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22
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Spectral, Molecular Modeling, and Biological Activity Studies on New Schiff's Base of Acenaphthaquinone Transition Metal Complexes. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2021; 2021:6674394. [PMID: 33815493 PMCID: PMC8012121 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6674394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The newly synthesized Schiff's base derivative, N-allyl-2-(2-oxoacenaphthylen-1(2H)-ylidene)hydrazine-1-carbothioamide, has been characterized by different spectral techniques. Its reaction with Co(II), Ni(II), and Zn(II) acetate led to the formation of 1 : 1 (M:L) complexes. The IR and NMR spectral data revealed keto-thione form for the free ligand. On chelation with Co(II) and Ni(II), it behaved as mononegative and neutral tridentate via O, N1, and S donors, respectively, while it showed neutral bidentate mode via O and N1 atoms with Zn(II). The electronic spectra indicated that all the isolated complexes have an octahedral structure. The thermal gravimetric analyses confirmed the suggested formula and the presence of coordinated water molecules. The XRD pattern of the metal complexes showed that both Co(II) and Ni(II) have amorphous nature, while Zn(II) complex has monoclinic crystallinity with an average size of 9.10 nm. DFT modeling of the ligand and complexes supported the proposed structures. The calculated HOMO-LUMO energy gap, ΔEH-L, of the ligand complexes was 1.96–2.49 eV range where HAAT < Zn(II) < Ni(II) < Co(II). The antioxidant activity investigation showed that the ligand and Zn(II) complex have high activity than other complexes, 88.5 and 88.6%, respectively. Accordingly, the antitumor activity of isolated compounds was examined against the hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2), where both HAAT and Zn(II) complex exhibited very strong activity, IC50 6.45 ± 0.25 and 6.39 ± 0.18 μM, respectively.
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23
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Caruso S, O'Brien DR, Cleary SP, Roberts LR, Zucman-Rossi J. Genetics of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Approaches to Explore Molecular Diversity. Hepatology 2021; 73 Suppl 1:14-26. [PMID: 32463918 DOI: 10.1002/hep.31394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Caruso
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Université Paris 13, Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors Laboratory, Paris, France
| | - Daniel R O'Brien
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN
| | - Sean P Cleary
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN
| | - Lewis R Roberts
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN
| | - Jessica Zucman-Rossi
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Université Paris 13, Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors Laboratory, Paris, France.,European Hospital Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
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24
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Spectral, modeling and anticancer activity studies on the newly synthesized N-allyl-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)hydrazine-1-carbothioamide and some bivalent metal complexes. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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25
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Li Y, Yang J, Zhang X, Liu H, Guo J. KDM6A suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation by negatively regulating the TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:2774-2782. [PMID: 32765772 PMCID: PMC7401926 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysine demethylase 6A (KDM6A) is a Jumonji-C domain-containing histone demethylase that specifically catalyzes the removal of histone H3 lysine-27 trimethylation. KDM6A is a member of the KDM6 family, the biological role of which has been reported in various types of cancer, including bladder and lung cancer, as well as pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. However, the role of KDM6A in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is not completely understood. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the biological function of KDM6A in HCC progression. The expression profile of KDM6A was examined in HCC surgical specimens using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. In addition, the role of KDM6A in the proliferation capacities of HCC cell lines was examined in vitro and in vivo using crystal violet and MTT assays. The underlying mechanism by which KDM6A exerts its function was explored by western blotting. The present study indicated that KDM6A was significantly downregulated in HCC tissues compared with normal control tissues. The role of KDM6A in HCC cell proliferation was also determined. KDM6A overexpression significantly inhibited HCC cell proliferation, whereas KDM6A knockdown significantly promoted HCC cell proliferation compared with the corresponding control groups. Consistently, KDM6A overexpression suppressed HCC cell tumorigenesis in vivo. The western blotting results indicated that KDM6A overexpression decreased the phosphorylation levels of smad2, whereas KDM6A knockdown increased the phosphorylation levels of smad2 compared with the corresponding control groups. Therefore, the present study suggested that KDM6A may inhibit HCC cell proliferation by negatively regulating the TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway, suggesting that KDM6A may serve as a potential target for the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Department of General Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China.,Clinical Center of General Surgery, People's Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China.,Clinical Center of General Surgery, People's Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China.,Clinical Center of General Surgery, People's Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China.,Clinical Center of General Surgery, People's Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Jin Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China.,Clinical Center of General Surgery, People's Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
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26
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Amiri A, Hastert FD, Dietz C. Carcinomas with Occult Metastasis Potential: Diagnosis/Prognosis Accuracy Improvement by Means of Force Spectroscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 4:e2000042. [PMID: 32558372 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202000042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Accurate diagnosis of cancer stage is inevitable for the following prognosis in patients struggling with these lesions to promote their health and survival rate. Previous studies on survival rate statistics show, in some cases, failure in cancer stage surveys in which metastasis or recurrence of the disease was not accurately prognosed. Morphology study of cancer cells advances the understanding about cancer behavior and its progression, in which, in our previous study on invasive cancer cells, fewer formations of cytoskeleton components compared to their counterparts was observed. Here it is shown that carcinomas with an occult propensity of metastasis depict a number of poorly differentiated cells with decreased amounts of cytoskeleton components in a near-well differentiated population. Force spectroscopy in conjunction with fluorescence microscopy of lung cancer, liver hepatoma, and melanoma provides a general view of these cells' architecture, leading to the conclusion that the scarce abnormal-shaped cells with low formation of structural filaments convey the high risk of metastatic potential of the tumor. The results demonstrate that force spectroscopy complements conventional diagnostic approaches by an accurate cytoskeleton assessment and can improve the following prognosis in epithelial cancers with occult metastasis risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahid Amiri
- Physics of Surfaces, Department of Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 2, Darmstadt, 64287, Germany
| | - Florian D Hastert
- Cell Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Biology, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstraße 10, Darmstadt, 64287, Germany
| | - Christian Dietz
- Physics of Surfaces, Department of Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 2, Darmstadt, 64287, Germany
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27
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Alternative Polyadenylation Modification Patterns Reveal Essential Posttranscription Regulatory Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis in Multiple Tumor Types. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:6384120. [PMID: 32626751 PMCID: PMC7315320 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6384120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Among various risk factors for the initiation and progression of cancer, alternative polyadenylation (APA) is a remarkable endogenous contributor that directly triggers the malignant phenotype of cancer cells. APA affects biological processes at a transcriptional level in various ways. As such, APA can be involved in tumorigenesis through gene expression, protein subcellular localization, or transcription splicing pattern. The APA sites and status of different cancer types may have diverse modification patterns and regulatory mechanisms on transcripts. Potential APA sites were screened by applying several machine learning algorithms on a TCGA-APA dataset. First, a powerful feature selection method, minimum redundancy maximum relevancy, was applied on the dataset, resulting in a feature list. Then, the feature list was fed into the incremental feature selection, which incorporated the support vector machine as the classification algorithm, to extract key APA features and build a classifier. The classifier can classify cancer patients into cancer types with perfect performance. The key APA-modified genes had a potential prognosis ability because of their significant power in the survival analysis of TCGA pan-cancer data.
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28
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The Good, the Bad, the Question- H19 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051261. [PMID: 32429417 PMCID: PMC7281302 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common primary liver cancer, is challenging to treat due to its typical late diagnosis, mostly at an advanced stage. Therefore, there is a particular need for research in diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HCC. The use of long noncoding (lnc) RNAs can widen the list of novel molecular targets improving cancer therapy. In hepatocarcinogenesis, the role of the lncRNA H19, which has been known for more than 30 years now, is still controversially discussed. H19 was described to work either as a tumor suppressor in vitro and in vivo, or to have oncogenic features. This review attempts to survey the conflicting study results and tries to elucidate the potential reasons for the contrary findings, i.e., different methods, models, or readout parameters. This review encompasses in vitro and in vivo models as well as studies on human patient samples. Although the function of H19 in HCC remains elusive, a short outlook summarizes some ideas of using the H19 locus as a novel target for liver cancer therapy.
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29
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Rebouissou S, Nault JC. Advances in molecular classification and precision oncology in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol 2020; 72:215-229. [PMID: 31954487 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2019.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 316] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) arises from hepatocytes through the sequential accumulation of multiple genomic and epigenomic alterations resulting from Darwinian selection. Genes from various signalling pathways such as telomere maintenance, Wnt/β-catenin, P53/cell cycle regulation, oxidative stress, epigenetic modifiers, AKT/mTOR and MAP kinase are frequently mutated in HCC. Several subclasses of HCC have been identified based on transcriptomic dysregulation and genetic alterations that are closely related to risk factors, pathological features and prognosis. Undoubtedly, integration of data obtained from both preclinical models and human studies can help to accelerate the identification of robust predictive biomarkers of response to targeted biotherapy and immunotherapy. The aim of this review is to describe the main advances in HCC in terms of molecular biology and to discuss how this knowledge could be used in clinical practice in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Rebouissou
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Université Paris 13, Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors Laboratory, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Charles Nault
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Université Paris 13, Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors Laboratory, F-75006 Paris, France; Liver Unit, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Seine-Saint-Denis, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Bondy, France; Unité de Formation et de Recherche Santé Médecine et Biologie Humaine, Université Paris 13, Communauté d'Universités et Etablissements Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
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30
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Novel patient-derived preclinical models of liver cancer. J Hepatol 2020; 72:239-249. [PMID: 31954489 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2019.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical models of cancer based on the use of human cancer cell lines and mouse models have enabled discoveries that have been successfully translated into patients. And yet the majority of clinical trials fail, emphasising the urgent need to improve preclinical research to better interrogate the potential efficacy of each therapy and the patient population most likely to benefit. This is particularly important for liver malignancies, which lack highly efficient treatments and account for hundreds of thousands of deaths around the globe. Given the intricate network of genetic and environmental factors that contribute to liver cancer development and progression, the identification of new druggable targets will mainly depend on establishing preclinical models that mirror the complexity of features observed in patients. The development of new 3D cell culture systems, originating from cells/tissues isolated from patients, might create new opportunities for the generation of more specific and personalised therapies. However, these systems are unable to recapitulate the tumour microenvironment and interactions with the immune system, both proven to be critical influences on therapeutic outcomes. Patient-derived xenografts, in particular with humanised mouse models, more faithfully mimic the physiology of human liver cancer but are costly and time-consuming, which can be prohibitive for personalising therapies in the setting of an aggressive malignancy. In this review, we discuss the latest advances in the development of more accurate preclinical models to better understand liver cancer biology and identify paradigm-changing therapies, stressing the importance of a bi-directional communicative flow between clinicians and researchers to establish reliable model systems and determine how best to apply them to expanding our current knowledge.
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31
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Hypoxia regulates the mitochondrial activity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells through HIF/HEY1/PINK1 pathway. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:934. [PMID: 31819034 PMCID: PMC6901483 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-2155-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia is commonly found in cancers. Hypoxia, due to the lack of oxygen (O2) as the electron recipient, causes inefficient electron transfer through the electron transport chain at the mitochondria leading to accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which could create irreversible cellular damages. Through hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) which elicits various molecular events, cells are able to overcome low O2. Knowledge about the new molecular mechanisms governed by HIF-1 is important for new therapeutic interventions targeting hypoxic tumors. Using hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as a model, we revealed that the HIF-1 and the Notch signaling pathways cross-talk to control mitochondrial biogenesis of cancer cells to maintain REDOX balance. From transcriptome sequencing, we found that HEY1, a transcriptional repressor, in the NOTCH pathway was consistently induced by hypoxia in HCC cell lines. We identified a strong hypoxia response element (HRE) in HEY1 by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and luciferase reporter assays. Transcriptome and ChIP sequencing further identified PINK1, a gene essential for mitochondrial biogenesis, as a novel transcriptional target of HEY1. HCC cells with HEY1 knockdown re-expressed PINK1. HEY1 and PINK1 expressions inversely correlated in human HCC samples. Overexpression of HEY1 and under-expression of PINK1 were detected in human HCC and associated with poor clinical outcomes. Functionally, we found that overexpression of HEY1 or knockdown of PINK1 consistently reduced mitochondrial cristae, mitochondrial mass, oxidative stress level, and increased HCC growth.
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32
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Xu ZT, Ding H, Fu TT, Zhu YL, Wang WP. A Nude Mouse Model of Orthotopic Liver Transplantation of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma HCCLM3 Cell Xenografts and the Use of Imaging to Evaluate Tumor Progression. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:8694-8703. [PMID: 31736477 PMCID: PMC6880650 DOI: 10.12659/msm.917648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to develop a nude mouse model of orthotopic liver transplantation of HCCLM3 human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell xenografts and the use of imaging and histology to evaluate tumor development and progression. Material/Methods HCCLM3 cells were injected subcutaneously into 25 healthy male athymic BALB/c (nu/nu) nude mice. The tumors that developed were transplanted into the liver of a new set of nude mice. After four weeks and six weeks, the mice were imaged using ultrasound (US), software-assisted contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET). Histology was performed on the liver and liver tumors, and included immunohistochemistry for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), CD31, CD34, and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Results The success rate for orthotopic tumor transplantation in the mouse liver was 90% (18/20). Liver tumors measured 11.8±2.6 mm in diameter and 525.9±250.8 mm3 in volume on the sixth week. CEUS showed rapid wash-in and washout in the liver tumors, and PET showed low tumor cell metabolism. Bone metastases were present in 45% (9/20) of mice in the sixth week. Immunohistochemistry showed positive expression for VEGF, CD31, CD34, and α-SMA. Conclusions The nude mouse orthotopic liver transplantation model of human HCC was shown to be a reliable model that has the potential for future research on the pathogenesis and progression of HCC and studies on drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Ting Xu
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland).,Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Hong Ding
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Tian-Tian Fu
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland).,Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Yu-Li Zhu
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Wen-Ping Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
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Models for Understanding Resistance to Chemotherapy in Liver Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11111677. [PMID: 31671735 PMCID: PMC6896032 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11111677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The lack of response to pharmacological treatment constitutes a substantial limitation in the handling of patients with primary liver cancers (PLCs). The existence of active mechanisms of chemoresistance (MOCs) in hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, and hepatoblastoma hampers the usefulness of chemotherapy. A better understanding of MOCs is needed to develop strategies able to overcome drug refractoriness in PLCs. With this aim, several experimental models are commonly used. These include in vitro cell-free assays using subcellular systems; studies with primary cell cultures; cancer cell lines or heterologous expression systems; multicellular models, such as spheroids and organoids; and a variety of in vivo models in rodents, such as subcutaneous and orthotopic tumor xenografts or chemically or genetically induced liver carcinogenesis. Novel methods to perform programmed genomic edition and more efficient techniques to isolate circulating microvesicles offer new opportunities for establishing useful experimental tools for understanding the resistance to chemotherapy in PLCs. In the present review, using three criteria for information organization: (1) level of research; (2) type of MOC; and (3) type of PLC, we have summarized the advantages and limitations of the armamentarium available in the field of pharmacological investigation of PLC chemoresistance.
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Qiu Z, Li H, Zhang Z, Zhu Z, He S, Wang X, Wang P, Qin J, Zhuang L, Wang W, Xie F, Gu Y, Zou K, Li C, Li C, Wang C, Cen J, Chen X, Shu Y, Zhang Z, Sun L, Min L, Fu Y, Huang X, Lv H, Zhou H, Ji Y, Zhang Z, Meng Z, Shi X, Zhang H, Li Y, Hui L. A Pharmacogenomic Landscape in Human Liver Cancers. Cancer Cell 2019; 36:179-193.e11. [PMID: 31378681 PMCID: PMC7505724 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Liver cancers are highly heterogeneous with poor prognosis and drug response. A better understanding between genetic alterations and drug responses would facilitate precision treatment for liver cancers. To characterize the landscape of pharmacogenomic interactions in liver cancers, we developed a protocol to establish human liver cancer cell models at a success rate of around 50% and generated the Liver Cancer Model Repository (LIMORE) with 81 cell models. LIMORE represented genomic and transcriptomic heterogeneity of primary cancers. Interrogation of the pharmacogenomic landscape of LIMORE discovered unexplored gene-drug associations, including synthetic lethalities to prevalent alterations in liver cancers. Moreover, predictive biomarker candidates were suggested for the selection of sorafenib-responding patients. LIMORE provides a rich resource facilitating drug discovery in liver cancers.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Asian People/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/ethnology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Clinical Decision-Making
- Databases, Genetic
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Female
- Genetic Heterogeneity
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
- Humans
- Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms/ethnology
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Male
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, Nude
- Mice, SCID
- Patient Selection
- Pharmacogenomic Testing
- Pharmacogenomic Variants
- Phenotype
- Precision Medicine
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Sorafenib/pharmacology
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Hong Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zhengtao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zhenfeng Zhu
- Department of Minimally Invasive Therapy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Sheng He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xujun Wang
- SJTU-Yale Joint Center for Biostatistics, Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jianjie Qin
- Liver Transplantation Center, Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation of Ministry of Public Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Liping Zhuang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Therapy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Shanghai ChemPartner Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Fubo Xie
- Shanghai ChemPartner Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ying Gu
- Shanghai ChemPartner Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Keke Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Chao Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Chun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Chenhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jin Cen
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xiaotao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yajing Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Lulu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Lihua Min
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yong Fu
- Fifth Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiaowu Huang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hui Lv
- SJTU-Yale Joint Center for Biostatistics, Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - He Zhou
- Shanghai ChemPartner Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yuan Ji
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Zhiqiang Meng
- Department of Minimally Invasive Therapy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaolei Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China.
| | - Haibin Zhang
- Fifth Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Yixue Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Lijian Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai 201210, China; Bio-Research Innovation Center Suzhou, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215121, China.
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Hu B, Li H, Guo W, Sun Y, Zhang X, Tang W, Yang L, Xu Y, Tang X, Ding G, Qiu S, Zhou J, Li Y, Fan J, Yang X. Establishment of a hepatocellular carcinoma patient‐derived xenograft platform and its application in biomarker identification. Int J Cancer 2019; 146:1606-1617. [PMID: 31310010 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Hu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan University Shanghai People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer InvasionMinistry of Education Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Li
- Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS‐MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan University Shanghai People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer InvasionMinistry of Education Shanghai People's Republic of China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan HospitalFudan University Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Yun‐Fan Sun
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan University Shanghai People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer InvasionMinistry of Education Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan University Shanghai People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer InvasionMinistry of Education Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Wei‐Guo Tang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan University Shanghai People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer InvasionMinistry of Education Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Liu‐Xiao Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan University Shanghai People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer InvasionMinistry of Education Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan University Shanghai People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer InvasionMinistry of Education Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao‐Yan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS‐MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Guo‐Hui Ding
- Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS‐MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang‐Jian Qiu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan University Shanghai People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer InvasionMinistry of Education Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan University Shanghai People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer InvasionMinistry of Education Shanghai People's Republic of China
- Institute of Biomedical SciencesFudan University Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Yi‐Xue Li
- Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS‐MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Fan
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan University Shanghai People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer InvasionMinistry of Education Shanghai People's Republic of China
- Institute of Biomedical SciencesFudan University Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Xin‐Rong Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan University Shanghai People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer InvasionMinistry of Education Shanghai People's Republic of China
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36
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Modelling liver cancer initiation with organoids derived from directly reprogrammed human hepatocytes. Nat Cell Biol 2019; 21:1015-1026. [PMID: 31332348 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-019-0359-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Human liver cancers, including hepatocellular carcinomas and intra-hepatic cholangiocarcinomas, are often diagnosed late with poor prognosis. A better understanding of cancer initiation could provide potential preventive therapies and increase survival. Models for studying human liver cancer initiation are largely missing. Here, using directly reprogrammed human hepatocytes (hiHeps) and inactivation of p53 and RB, we established organoids possessing liver architecture and function. HiHep organoids were genetically engineered to model the initial alterations in human liver cancers. Bona fide hepatocellular carcinomas were developed by overexpressing c-Myc. Excessive mitochondrion-endoplasmic reticulum coupling induced by c-Myc facilitated hepatocellular carcinoma initiation and seemed to be a target of preventive treatment. Furthermore, through the analysis of human intra-hepatic cholangiocarcinoma-enriched mutations, we demonstrate that the RAS-induced lineage conversion from hepatocytes to intra-hepatic cholangiocarcinoma cells can be prevented by the combined inhibition of Notch and JAK-STAT. Together, hiHep organoids represent a system that can be genetically manipulated to model cancer initiation and identify potential preventive therapies.
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37
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Wang HY, Zhang B, Zhou JN, Wang DX, Xu YC, Zeng Q, Jia YL, Xi JF, Nan X, He LJ, Yue W, Pei XT. Arsenic trioxide inhibits liver cancer stem cells and metastasis by targeting SRF/MCM7 complex. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:453. [PMID: 31186405 PMCID: PMC6560089 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1676-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a high mortality rate due to the lack of effective treatments and drugs. Arsenic trioxide (ATO), which has been proved to successfully treat acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), was recently reported to show therapeutic potential in solid tumors including HCC. However, its anticancer mechanisms in HCC still need further investigation. In this study, we demonstrated that ATO inhibits tumorigenesis and distant metastasis in mouse models, corresponding with a prolonged mice survival time. Also, ATO was found to significantly decrease the cancer stem cell (CSC)-associated traits. Minichromosome maintenance protein (MCM) 7 was further identified to be a potential target suppressed dramatically by ATO, of which protein expression is increased in patients and significantly correlated with tumor size, cellular differentiation, portal venous emboli, and poor patient survival. Moreover, MCM7 knockdown recapitulates the effects of ATO on CSCs and metastasis, while ectopic expression of MCM7 abolishes them. Mechanistically, our results suggested that ATO suppresses MCM7 transcription by targeting serum response factor (SRF)/MCM7 complex, which functions as an important transcriptional regulator modulating MCM7 expression. Taken together, our findings highlight the importance of ATO in the treatment of solid tumors. The identification of SRF/MCM7 complex as a target of ATO provides new insights into ATO’s mechanism, which may benefit the appropriate use of this agent in the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yang Wang
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.,South China Research Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, SCIB, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Biao Zhang
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.,South China Research Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, SCIB, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Jun-Nian Zhou
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China. .,South China Research Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, SCIB, Guangzhou, 510005, China. .,Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry Lab, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Dong-Xing Wang
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.,South China Research Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, SCIB, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Ying-Chen Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Quan Zeng
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.,South China Research Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, SCIB, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Ya-Li Jia
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.,South China Research Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, SCIB, Guangzhou, 510005, China.,Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry Lab, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Jia-Fei Xi
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.,South China Research Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, SCIB, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Xue Nan
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.,South China Research Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, SCIB, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Li-Juan He
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.,South China Research Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, SCIB, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Wen Yue
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China. .,South China Research Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, SCIB, Guangzhou, 510005, China.
| | - Xue-Tao Pei
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China. .,South China Research Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, SCIB, Guangzhou, 510005, China.
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Nicolson NG, Korah R, Carling T. Adrenocortical cancer cell line mutational profile reveals aggressive genetic background. J Mol Endocrinol 2019; 62:179-186. [PMID: 30870809 DOI: 10.1530/jme-18-0262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Adrenocortical carcinomas are rare tumors with poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Although widely used as in vitro models to test novel therapeutic strategies, the adrenocortical carcinoma-derived cell lines NCI-H295R and SW-13 have only partially been described genetically. Our aim was to characterize the mutational landscape of these cells to improve their experimental utility and map them to clinical subtypes of adrenocortical carcinoma. Genomic DNA from NCI-H295R and SW-13 cells was subjected to whole-exome sequencing. Variants were filtered for non-synonymous mutations and curated for validated adrenocortical and pan-cancer driver gene mutations. Genes mutated in the cell lines were mapped using gene ontology and protein pathway tools to determine signaling effects and compared to mutational and clinical characteristics of 92 adrenocortical carcinoma cases from The Cancer Genome Atlas. NCI-H295R and SW-13 cells carried 1325 and 1836 non-synonymous variants, respectively. Of these, 61 and 76 were known cancer driver genes, of which 32 were shared between cell lines. Variant interaction analyses demonstrated dominant TP53 dysregulation in both cell lines complemented by distinct WNT (NCI-H295R) and chromatin remodeling (SW-13) pathway perturbations. Both cell lines genetically resemble more aggressive adrenocortical carcinomas with worse prognosis, for which development of targeted therapies is most critical. Careful incorporation of the genetic landscapes outlined in this study will further the in vitro utility of these cell lines in testing for novel therapeutic approaches for adrenocortical malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norman G Nicolson
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, Yale Endocrine Neoplasia Laboratory, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Reju Korah
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, Yale Endocrine Neoplasia Laboratory, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Tobias Carling
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, Yale Endocrine Neoplasia Laboratory, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Manipur I, Granata I, Guarracino MR. Exploiting single-cell RNA sequencing data to link alternative splicing and cancer heterogeneity: A computational approach. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 108:51-60. [PMID: 30633986 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Cell heterogeneity studies using single-cell sequencing are gaining great significance in the era of personalized medicine. In particular, characterization of tumor heterogeneity is an emergent issue to improve clinical oncology, since both inter- and intra-tumor level heterogeneity influence the utility and application of molecular classifications through specific biomarkers. Majority of studies have exploited gene expression to discriminate cell types. However, to provide a more nuanced view of the underlying differences, isoform expression and alternative splicing events have to be analyzed in detail. In this study, we utilize publicly available single cell and bulk RNA sequencing datasets of breast cancer cells from primary tumors and immortalized cell lines. Breast cancer is very heterogeneous with well defined molecular subtypes and was therefore chosen for this study. RNA-seq data were explored in terms of genes, isoforms abundance and splicing events. The study was conducted from an average based approach (gene level expression) to detailed and deeper ones (isoforms abundance/splicing events) to perform a comparative analysis, and, thus, highlight the importance of the splicing machinery in defining the tumor heterogeneity. Moreover, here we demonstrate how the investigation of gene isoforms expression can help to identify the appropriate in vitro models. We furthermore extracted marker isoforms, and alternatively spliced genes between and within the different single cell populations to improve the classification of the breast cancer subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichcha Manipur
- High Performance Computing and Networking Institute, National Research Council, Italy
| | - Ilaria Granata
- High Performance Computing and Networking Institute, National Research Council, Italy.
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40
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Chai Y, Wang H, Zhou F. Establishment and characterization of a cell line HCS1220 from human liver metastasis of colon cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:137. [PMID: 30214379 PMCID: PMC6131799 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0630-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To establish one primary cell line of human liver metastasis of colon cancer. Methods HCS1220 cell line was derived from one liver metastasis of colon cancer patient's resected tumor sample. The characterization of the cell line was defined by karyotype analysis, short tandem repeat (STR) analysis and mycoplasma contamination. Subcutaneous injection 1 × 106 cells to four BALB/c nude mice, the viable tumors were developed and diagnosed (H&E staining). The expression of biomarkers CK20 and CDX2 for colon cancer were determined by immunocytochemistry assay. Results HCS1220 cell line can grow stably and continuously passage. During the grow process, the contact loss in the growth process and superimposed growth, which could be defined as proliferation of malignant tumor. Chromosome analysis revealed the cells derived from human female. The cells were not contaminated by mycoplasma. By immunohistochemistry, the cell line was proven to express the biomarkers of colon cancer CK20 and CDX2, while a-fetoprotein, hep-1 and glypican-3 were stained negative, which demonstrated that the HCS1220 cell line originating from the intestinal tissue. Conclusions HCS1220 cell line has the characteristics of primary human liver metastasis of colon cancer. The results of STR have genetically showed that cell line is original, which can provided cell materials for research in vitro and can also help for establishing the mechanism model of liver metastasis of colon cancer and preparing, screening and evaluating anti-tumor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chai
- 1The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu China
| | - Huan Wang
- 2Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Fang Zhou
- 2Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
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Yang LH, Wang Y, Qiao S, Wang MJ, Chen F, Zi XY, Li JX, Zhang HB, Yu B, Hu YP. Liver-enriched activator protein 1 as an isoform of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta suppresses stem cell features of hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:873-885. [PMID: 29731667 PMCID: PMC5927340 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s160172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) are known to be associated with the development, survival, proliferation, metastasis, and recurrence of liver tumors. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of liver-enriched activator protein 1 (LAP1) with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver CSCs (LCSCs) and explore the impact of LAP1 on LCSCs. Materials and methods Differences in LAP1 expression in liver cancer tissues versus matched para-tumoral liver tissues and LCSCs versus non-CSCs were analyzed by Western blotting, real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry. The effect of LAP1 on liver cancer cells was evaluated by the expression of CSC markers, oncosphere formation, proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. Cell cycle distribution and the number of apoptotic cells were analyzed to assess cell cycle and cell apoptosis. Furthermore, a mouse subcutaneous tumor implant model was established to explore the role of LAP1 in the development of HCC in vivo. Finally, the expression of CSC markers in paraffin-embedded sections was evaluated by immunofluorescence. Results LAP1 was weakly expressed in HCC tumors and cell lines and even weaker in LCSCs. LAP1 inhibited the expression of stem cell–associated genes and reduced the abilities of oncosphere formation, proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. Cell cycle assay revealed that LAP1 induced G1/G0 arrest. Furthermore, LAP1 decreased subcutaneous tumor-formation ability and the expression of CSC markers and Ki67 in vivo. Conclusion LAP1 suppressed the stem cell features of HCC, indicating that it possessed an antitumor effect in liver cancer, both in vitro and in vivo; therefore, LAP1 may prove to be a potential target in liver CSC-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hua Yang
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Stem Cell and Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Stem Cell and Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi Qiao
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Stem Cell and Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Min-Jun Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Stem Cell and Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Stem Cell and Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yuan Zi
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Stem Cell and Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Xiu Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Stem Cell and Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Bin Zhang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery V, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Yu
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Stem Cell and Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Hepatic Surgery V, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Ping Hu
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Stem Cell and Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Arid1a regulates response to anti-angiogenic therapy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol 2018; 68:465-475. [PMID: 29113912 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2017.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS AT-rich interaction domain 1a (Arid1a), a component of the chromatin remodeling complex, has emerged as a tumor suppressor gene. It is frequently mutated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, it remains unknown how Arid1a suppresses HCC development and whether Arid1a deficiency could be exploited for therapy, we aimed to explore these questions. METHODS The expression of Arid1a in human and mouse HCCs was determined by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. Gene expression was determined by quantitative PCR, ELISA or western blotting. Arid1a knockdown HCC cell lines were established by lentiviral-based shRNA. Tumor angiogenesis was quantified based on vessel density. The regulation of angiopoietin (Ang2) expression by Arid1a was identified by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay. The tumor promoting function of Arid1a loss was studied with a xenograft model in nude mice and diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced HCC in Arid1a conditional knockout mice. The therapeutic values of Ang2 antibody and sorafenib treatment were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS We demonstrate that Arid1a deficiency, occurring in advanced human HCCs, is associated with increased vessel density. Mechanistically, loss of Arid1a causes aberrant histone H3K27ac deposition at the angiopoietin-2 (Ang2) enhancer and promoter, which eventually leads to ectopic expression of Ang2 and promotes HCC development. Ang2 blockade in Arid1a-deficient HCCs significantly reduces vessel density and tumor progression. Importantly, sorafenib treatment, which suppresses H3K27 acetylation and Ang2 expression, profoundly halts the progression of Arid1a-deficient HCCs. CONCLUSIONS Arid1a-deficiency activates Ang2-dependent angiogenesis and promotes HCC progression. Loss of Arid1a in HCCs confers sensitivity to Ang2 blockade and sorafenib treatment. LAY SUMMARY AT-rich interaction domain 1a (Arid1a), is a tumor suppressor gene. Arid1a-deficiency promotes Ang2-dependent angiogenesis leading to hepatocellular carcinoma progression. Arid1a-deficiency also sensitizes tumors to Ang2 blockade by sorafenib treatment.
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Farmery JHR, Smith ML, Lynch AG. Telomerecat: A ploidy-agnostic method for estimating telomere length from whole genome sequencing data. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1300. [PMID: 29358629 PMCID: PMC5778012 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14403-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomere length is a risk factor in disease and the dynamics of telomere length are crucial to our understanding of cell replication and vitality. The proliferation of whole genome sequencing represents an unprecedented opportunity to glean new insights into telomere biology on a previously unimaginable scale. To this end, a number of approaches for estimating telomere length from whole-genome sequencing data have been proposed. Here we present Telomerecat, a novel approach to the estimation of telomere length. Previous methods have been dependent on the number of telomeres present in a cell being known, which may be problematic when analysing aneuploid cancer data and non-human samples. Telomerecat is designed to be agnostic to the number of telomeres present, making it suited for the purpose of estimating telomere length in cancer studies. Telomerecat also accounts for interstitial telomeric reads and presents a novel approach to dealing with sequencing errors. We show that Telomerecat performs well at telomere length estimation when compared to leading experimental and computational methods. Furthermore, we show that it detects expected patterns in longitudinal data, repeated measurements, and cross-species comparisons. We also apply the method to a cancer cell data, uncovering an interesting relationship with the underlying telomerase genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- James H R Farmery
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK.
| | - Mike L Smith
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Genome Biology Unit, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andy G Lynch
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
- School of Mathematics and Statistics/School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9SS, UK
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44
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Shang YK, Li C, Liu ZK, Kong LM, Wei D, Xu J, Wang ZL, Bian H, Chen ZN. System analysis of the regulation of the immune response by CD147 and FOXC1 in cancer cell lines. Oncotarget 2018; 9:12918-12931. [PMID: 29560120 PMCID: PMC5849184 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
CD147, encoded by BSG, is a highly glycosylated transmembrane protein that belongs to the immunological superfamily and expressed on the surface of many types of cancer cells. While CD147 is best known as a potent inducer of extracellular matrix metalloproteinases, it can also function as a key mediator of inflammatory and immune responses. To systematically elucidate the function of CD147 in cancer cells, we performed an analysis of genome-wide profiling across the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE). We showed that CD147 mRNA expression was much higher than that of most other genes in cancer cell lines. CD147 varied widely across these cell lines, with the highest levels in the ovary (COLO704) and stomach (SNU668), intermediate levels in the lung (RERFLCKJ, NCIH596 and NCIH1651) and lowest levels in hematopoietic and lymphoid tissue (UT7, HEL9217, HEL and MHHCALL3) and the kidney (A704 and SLR20). Genome-wide analyses showed that CD147 expression was significantly negatively correlated with immune-related genes. Our findings implicated CD147 as a novel regulator of immune-related genes and suggest its important role as a master regulator of immune-related responses in cancer cell lines. We also found a high correlation between the expression of CD147 and FOXC1, and proved that CD147 was a direct transcriptional target of FOXC1. Our findings demonstrate that FOXC1 is a novel regulator of CD147 and confirms its role as a master regulator of the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Kui Shang
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Cell Engineering Research Center and Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 71032, China
| | - Can Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Cell Engineering Research Center and Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 71032, China
| | - Ze-Kun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Cell Engineering Research Center and Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 71032, China
| | - Ling-Min Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Cell Engineering Research Center and Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 71032, China
| | - Ding Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Cell Engineering Research Center and Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 71032, China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Cell Engineering Research Center and Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 71032, China
| | - Zi-Ling Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Huijie Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Cell Engineering Research Center and Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 71032, China
| | - Zhi-Nan Chen
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Cell Engineering Research Center and Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 71032, China
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45
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Fong ELS, Toh TB, Lin QXX, Liu Z, Hooi L, Mohd Abdul Rashid MB, Benoukraf T, Chow EKH, Huynh TH, Yu H. Generation of matched patient-derived xenograft in vitro-in vivo models using 3D macroporous hydrogels for the study of liver cancer. Biomaterials 2018; 159:229-240. [PMID: 29353739 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide, often manifesting at the advanced stage when cure is no longer possible. The discrepancy between preclinical findings and clinical outcome in HCC is well-recognized. So far, sorafenib is the only targeted therapy approved as first-line therapy for patients with advanced HCC. There is an urgent need for improved preclinical models for the development of HCC-targeted therapies. Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) tumor models have been shown to closely recapitulate human tumor biology and predict patient drug response. However, the use of PDX models is currently limited by high costs and low throughput. In this study, we engineered in vitro conditions conducive for the culture of HCC-PDX organoids derived from a panel of 14 different HCC-PDX lines through the use of a three-dimensional macroporous cellulosic sponge system. To validate the in vitro HCC-PDX models, both in vivo and in vitro HCC-PDX models were subjected to whole exome sequencing and RNA-sequencing. Correlative studies indicate strong concordance in genomic and transcriptomic profiles as well as intra-tumoral heterogeneity between each matched in vitro-in vivo HCC-PDX pairs. Furthermore, we demonstrate the feasibility of using these in vitro HCC-PDX models for drug testing, paving the way for more efficient preclinical studies in HCC drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza Li Shan Fong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Tan Boon Toh
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Quy Xiao Xuan Lin
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zheng Liu
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Lissa Hooi
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Touati Benoukraf
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Edward Kai-Hua Chow
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | | | - Hanry Yu
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore; Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore; BioSyM, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore; Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; NUS Graduate School of Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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46
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Rebouissou S, Zucman-Rossi J, Moreau R, Qiu Z, Hui L. Note of caution: Contaminations of hepatocellular cell lines. J Hepatol 2017; 67:896-897. [PMID: 28807831 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Rebouissou
- INSERM, UMR-1162, Génomique Fonctionnelle des Tumeurs Solides, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Université Paris Descartes, Labex Immuno-Oncology, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Jessica Zucman-Rossi
- INSERM, UMR-1162, Génomique Fonctionnelle des Tumeurs Solides, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Université Paris Descartes, Labex Immuno-Oncology, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France; AP-HP, Hopital Européen Georges Pompidou, Département d'oncologie, Paris, France.
| | - Richard Moreau
- INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI), Paris, France; Département Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) UNITY, Service d'Hépatologie, Hôpital Beaujon, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Clichy, France; Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Zhixin Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Excellence Center for Molecular Cell Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Lijian Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Excellence Center for Molecular Cell Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
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47
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Establishment and genomic characterization of primary salivary duct carcinoma cell line. Oral Oncol 2017; 69:108-114. [PMID: 28559013 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop and characterize in vitro salivary duct carcinoma as a surrogate for functional studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cells were dispersed from tumor tissue fragments under sterile conditions in RPMI media. Disassociated cells were cultivated, immortalized with hTERT and propagated for more than 100 passages. Morphologic, linage, cytogenetic and genomic analyses were performed on different passages of cell line and primary tumor. Soft agar growth was performed. RESULTS Analysis of cytomorphologic features, growth characteristics and lineage specific markers expression confirmed the epithelial derivation and the neoplastic nature of the cell line. DNA STRs analysis showed identical match of both cell line and primary tumor. Cultivated cells expressed Androgen Receptor (AR), PTEN, and EFGR proteins and the AR-V7 isoform transcript. Comparative exome-sequencing identified common mutated genes in both cell line and primary tumor. In-vitro colony formation of late passages is established. CONCLUSION We report the development of the first human salivary duct carcinoma cell line (MDA-SDC-04) that retains critical biological and genomic features of the donor tumor.
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48
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Irianto J, Xia Y, Pfeifer CR, Athirasala A, Ji J, Alvey C, Tewari M, Bennett RR, Harding SM, Liu AJ, Greenberg RA, Discher DE. DNA Damage Follows Repair Factor Depletion and Portends Genome Variation in Cancer Cells after Pore Migration. Curr Biol 2016; 27:210-223. [PMID: 27989676 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2016.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Migration through micron-size constrictions has been seen to rupture the nucleus, release nuclear-localized GFP, and cause localized accumulations of ectopic 53BP1-a DNA repair protein. Here, constricted migration of two human cancer cell types and primary mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) increases DNA breaks throughout the nucleoplasm as assessed by endogenous damage markers and by electrophoretic "comet" measurements. Migration also causes multiple DNA repair proteins to segregate away from DNA, with cytoplasmic mis-localization sustained for many hours as is relevant to delayed repair. Partial knockdown of repair factors that also regulate chromosome copy numbers is seen to increase DNA breaks in U2OS osteosarcoma cells without affecting migration and with nucleoplasmic patterns of damage similar to constricted migration. Such depletion also causes aberrant levels of DNA. Migration-induced nuclear damage is nonetheless reversible for wild-type and sub-cloned U2OS cells, except for lasting genomic differences between stable clones as revealed by DNA arrays and sequencing. Gains and losses of hundreds of megabases in many chromosomes are typical of the changes and heterogeneity in bone cancer. Phenotypic differences that arise from constricted migration of U2OS clones are further illustrated by a clone with a highly elongated and stable MSC-like shape that depends on microtubule assembly downstream of the transcription factor GATA4. Such changes are consistent with reversion to a more stem-like state upstream of cancerous osteoblastic cells. Migration-induced genomic instability can thus associate with heritable changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Irianto
- Physical Sciences Oncology Center at Penn (PSOC@Penn), 129 Towne Building, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Molecular and Cell Biophysics Lab, 129 Towne Building, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yuntao Xia
- Physical Sciences Oncology Center at Penn (PSOC@Penn), 129 Towne Building, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Molecular and Cell Biophysics Lab, 129 Towne Building, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Charlotte R Pfeifer
- Physical Sciences Oncology Center at Penn (PSOC@Penn), 129 Towne Building, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Molecular and Cell Biophysics Lab, 129 Towne Building, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Graduate Group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, 129 Towne Building, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Avathamsa Athirasala
- Molecular and Cell Biophysics Lab, 129 Towne Building, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jiazheng Ji
- Physical Sciences Oncology Center at Penn (PSOC@Penn), 129 Towne Building, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Molecular and Cell Biophysics Lab, 129 Towne Building, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Cory Alvey
- Physical Sciences Oncology Center at Penn (PSOC@Penn), 129 Towne Building, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Molecular and Cell Biophysics Lab, 129 Towne Building, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Manu Tewari
- Physical Sciences Oncology Center at Penn (PSOC@Penn), 129 Towne Building, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Molecular and Cell Biophysics Lab, 129 Towne Building, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Rachel R Bennett
- Physical Sciences Oncology Center at Penn (PSOC@Penn), 129 Towne Building, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Graduate Group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, 129 Towne Building, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Shane M Harding
- Physical Sciences Oncology Center at Penn (PSOC@Penn), 129 Towne Building, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, 129 Towne Building, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Andrea J Liu
- Physical Sciences Oncology Center at Penn (PSOC@Penn), 129 Towne Building, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Graduate Group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, 129 Towne Building, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Roger A Greenberg
- Physical Sciences Oncology Center at Penn (PSOC@Penn), 129 Towne Building, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, 129 Towne Building, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Dennis E Discher
- Physical Sciences Oncology Center at Penn (PSOC@Penn), 129 Towne Building, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Molecular and Cell Biophysics Lab, 129 Towne Building, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Graduate Group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, 129 Towne Building, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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